课时02.代词-中考英语四轮总复习（仁爱版）
展开第二课时 代词
代词在近年中考试题中出现频率很高，每年至少测试一道题。中考考查重点主要分布在：
①人称代词的主格和宾格 ②形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词
③反身代词与习惯搭配 ④不定代词的用法 ⑤it用法及相关句型
考点1 | 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 |
人称代词、物主代词和反身代词一览表
人称 分类 | 单 数 |
| 复 数 |
| |||
一 | 二 | 三 | 一 | 二 | 三 | ||
人称代 词主格 | I | you | he, she， it | we | you | they | |
人称代 词宾格 | me | you | him, her， it | us | you | them | |
形容词性 物主代词 | my | your | his, her， its | our | your | their | |
名词性物 主代词 | mine | yours | his, hers， its | ours | yours | theirs | |
反身代词 | myself | yourself | himself， herself， itself | ourselves | yourselves | themselves | |
(1)人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语、表语用宾格。
(2)两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则：
在并列主语中，“I”总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二三一(人称)。宾格me也一样。
(3)物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。名词性物主代词可作主语和宾语。
4..反身代词的常用词组
teach oneself自学 learn by oneself自学 enjoy oneself过得愉快;玩得高兴
help oneself to随便吃/用 come to oneself苏醒 hurt oneself受伤 by oneself独自
1.(2020福建,22)Li Lei and his cousin made some zongzi by during the Dragon Boat Festival.
A.them B.they C.themselves
2.(2019福建,23)—Oh, I forgot to bring my umbrella.
—I’ve got one. You can share .
A.yours B.ours C.mine
3.(2017福建,23)—Our English teacher will work for 2017 BRICS Summit(金砖峰会) this September.
—Great!I am so proud of .
A.she B.her C.hers
4.(2021福州一模,23)My mom told me to take care of in England. She worried that I couldn’t eat or sleep well there.
A.herself B.myself C.ourselves
5.(2021龙岩一模,22)—Is this pencil box yours?
—No. Sally lost a pencil box. Maybe it’s .
A.mine B.yours C.hers
6.(2020福建,87)We do not know whether this story is true, but it tells (we) that rice has the same value as gold to the Chinese.
7.(2018福建,84)By high school, Lonnie built a remote-control robot from some waste things. This won him first prize at the Alabama State Science Fair. His friends called “The Little Scientist”.
8.(2021三明一模,87)I found many old stickers and cut (they) to make my own diaries.
考点2 | it的用法 |
1．it用作形式主语
(1)it作先行词代替不定式、v.－ing形式、主语从句， 作形式主语。 (2)用作形式主语的重要句型 ①It＋be＋形容词/名词词组/过去分词＋主语从句 ②It＋be＋形容词(＋for sb)＋ 动词不定式(常用形容词easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, wise等，修饰说明不定式) ③It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋动词不定式 (这类形容词是表示心理品质、性格特征的形容词，如：kind, nice, stupid, clever, foolish, polite, impolite, silly, selfish等， 修饰说明某人) |
It is hard for him to make up his mind.他很难下定决心。
It was foolish of her to say such a thing.她说这样的事，真是太蠢了。
2．it用作形式宾语
(1)主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...＋ it＋adj./n.(for/of sb) to do/从句 (2)主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...＋it＋ important/necessary/natural/essential＋ that...(should)．.. |
He didn’t make it clear when and where the meeting would be held.
他没有弄清楚何时何地举行会议。
考点3 | it，that，one易混辨析 |
it | 意为“它”， 替代上文提到的同一事物，不能带任何修饰语 |
that | 意为“那个”，指代那类人或事物，既可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词，也可以指代单数可数名词。指代单数可数名词时相当于the one，其复数是those，相当于the ones |
one | 意为“一个”，指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”， 其复数是ones |
—There is still a copy of the book in the library.Will you go and borrow it?
图书馆还有一本这样的书。你去把它借来好吗？
—No，I’d rather buy one in the bookstore.不，我宁愿到书店里买一本。
The climate of Guangzhou is much better than that of Xi’an.广州的气候比西安的好多了。
1.The gravity on Mars is only about three eighths of on the Earth.
A.that B.those C.one D.ones
2.—Excuse me, where is Xingguang Theatre?
—Go along this road to the end, and you?ll find on your left.
A.it B.any C.one
3.After the new high-speed railway line began operations, the time on the trip from Lianyungang to Qingdao now is much less than in the past.
A.one B.this C.that D.it
4.By taking an online spoken English course, I find much simpler to speak English.
A.this B.that C.it D.one
考点4 | no one, nobody, none, nothing的区别 |
1.no one，nobody表示“没有人，谁也不”，只指人，作主语时，后跟动词单数形式，常可用来回答who引导的问句。
—Who can answer the question?谁能回答这个问题？
—No one./Nobody.没人。
Charles was alone at home，with no one looking after him.查尔斯独自一人在家，没有人照顾他。
2．none“没人，没有任何东西”，既可指人，也可指物。 none后可接of短语，常用来回答how many/much引导的问句。
—How many of you have seen the film?你们中有多少人看过这部电影？
—None(of us)．一个也没有。
3．nothing意为“没有东西”，一般回答what引导的问句。
—What’s in the cave？洞里有什么？
—Nothing.没什么。
考点5 | both，all，either，any，neither，none的区别 |
both(两者)都 | neither(两者)都不 | either(两者中) 任何一者 |
all(三者或三者以上)都 | none(三者或三者以上)都不 | any(三个或三个以上)任何一者 |
There are shops on either side of the street.
街道的每一边都有一些商店。
Because Henry and Mark had to work，neither of them came yesterday.
因为Henry和Mark要工作，所以昨天两人都没来。
考点6 | one，another，the other，some，others，the others的区别 |
单数 | one 一个 | another 另外一个 | the other 两者中的另一个 |
复数 | some 一些 | others 另一些 | the others 剩余的一些 |
Please give me another ten minutes.
请再给我十分钟。
One was happy but the other was disappointed.
一个感到开心，另一个却感到失望。
考点7 | 复合不定代词 |
(1)初中阶段常用的复合不定代词列表如下:
somebody (某人) | anybody (任何人) | nobody (没有人) | everybody (每个人) |
someone (某人) | anyone (任何人) | no one (没有人) | everyone (每个人) |
something (某事) | anything (任何事) | nothing (没有东西) | everything (每一件事) |
如:
Do you have anything special to tell me today?
Listen to me,boys and girls.I have something to tell you.
(2)在反意疑问句中,当句子陈述部分的主语是指人的复合不定代词,如 everybody,nobody,anyone等时,其反意疑问部分的主语通常用代词 they;当句子陈述部分的主语是指物的复合不定代词,如 everything,anything,something,nothing等时,其反意疑问部分的主语通常用代词 it。如:
Everybody is here,aren’t they?
Everything is ready,isn’t it?
(3)当形容词或 else修饰复合不定代词 something,everything,everyone 等时,形容词或 else 必须放在这些词的后面。如:
Xiaoming,he has something important to tell you.
Can you find anyone else?
(4)everyone的意思等同于everybody,只能指人;every one 既可指人也可指物,还可以和 of 连用。如:
I’d like everyone to be happy.
I have kept every one of her letters.
1.(2021福建,22)—Excuse me, where is XingguangTheatre?
—Go along this road to the end, and you’ll find on your left.
A.it B.any C.one
2.(2019福建,25)Almost in our group has been to the 2nd Digital China Summit. It’s fantastic.
A.someone B.everyone C.anyone
3.(2018福建,25)—I tried many ways to solve the problem, but of them worked.
—Never give up. You’ll surely make it.
A.all B.none C.neither
4.(2018福建,26)— does Liu Chuanjian do?
—He’s a pilot of Sichuan Airlines. He’s a hero!
A.What B.Where C.When
5.(2021莆田一模,22)—Do your friends have the same hobby as yours?
—Yes. of us like playing soccer.
A.Each B.Both C.All
6.(2021三明一模,22)We will have a sports meet in May, but knows the date for sure.
A.somebody B.nobody C.everybody
7.(2021龙岩一模,26)—Which film would you like to watch tonight, Hi, Mom or Detective Chinatown 3?
— is OK. They are both good movies.
A.Both B.Either C.Neither
8.(2019福建,89)The use of paper spread abroad, helping /ˈʌðə/ cultures record and spread their ideas.
随堂练习
综合练
1.(2021江苏扬州,2改编)—Which colour do you like, red or blue?
— . I like green.
A.Either B.Both C.Neither
2.(2021江苏苏州,5改编)The gravity on Mars is onlyabout three eighths of on the Earth.
A.that B.those C.one
3.(2021湖北武汉,33改编)—There are mainly six kinds of tea in China. Which is your favorite?
—Green tea, I guess. I’ve tried black tea, green tea and so on, and of them have their special tastes.
A.all B.both C.none
4.(2021北京,1改编)Mary’s birthday is coming. We’ve decided to make a cake for .
A.him B.her C.you
5.(2021甘肃武威,Ⅰ,4改编)I have a few books on Chinese food. You can borrow if you want.
A.one B.it C.him
6.(2021海南,28)Mike has lost new watch. He is looking for it everywhere.
A.he B.his C.him
7.(2021河北,32改编)This isn’t my dictionary. is over there, on the desk.
A.His B.Mine C.Hers
8.(2021吉林,26)My mother made some zongzi by on the Dragon Boat Festival.
A.she B.hers C.herself
9.(2021黑龙江绥化,1)Tony, help to some fruit.
A.your B.yourself C.yourselves
10.(2021江苏连云港,9改编)Look at the sign, please. You can park your car on side of the street.
A.both B.other C.either
11.(2020河北,32改编)Nancy, carrots are good for eyes. Eat some, please.
A.my B.your C.her
12.(2020北京,1改编)Mr. Jackson is a popular writer, and we all like reading books.
A.his B.her C.your
13.(2020山东青岛,5改编)—Is this hat ?
—No, the red one is .
A.Lucy’s;her B.Lucy;hers C.Lucy’s;hers
14.(2020天津,22改编)I bought a present for . I hope you like .
A.you;one B.yours;that C.you;it
15.(2020黑龙江齐齐哈尔,7)—Mum, there aren’t eggs in the fridge. We’d better go to the supermarket to buy .
—OK. Let’s go.
A.some;any B.any;some C.any;any
16.(2020湖南长沙,29)The school offers two courses on computer technology. One is for beginners and is for those who already have some basic knowledge.
A.other B.another C.the other
17.(2020湖北武汉,38改编)—Although these were good students, of them had a score above 60.
—I can’t believe it!
A.none B.all C.no one
18.(2020山西,21)Tu Youyou and Yuan Longping set good examples to young people. Everyone should be proud of .
A.us B.you C.them
19.(2020四川成都,39)Molly, my dictionary is not here. Do you have ?
A.it B.that C.one
20.(2020福州质检,21)—I’m afraid I can’t get to the top of the mountain.
—Believe in . Try your best and you will make it.
A.you B.your C.yourself
21.(2020厦门质检,23)—Have you watched the online concert One World: Together at Home?
—What is it about? I know about it.
A.something B.anything C.nothing
22.(2020泉州质检,24)You can take of the two toy cars and leave the other for your brother.
A.either B.neither C.both
23.(2020泉州质检,25)—Grandma sent me a video of her square dance show. Who taught her to use WeChat?
— . She learned it all by herself.
A.Anybody B.Somebody C.Nobody
24.(2020宁德质检,17)—Mom, I am going to Fuzhou on business. Bye!
—Well, make sure you’ve got ready.
A.something B.anything C.everything
25.(2020三明质检,23)—Where did you buy this umbrella, from Taobao or Jingdong?
— . I bought it in a supermarket nearby.
A.None B.Neither C.Both
26.(2020漳州质检,24)Could you stay a little longer? I have else to tell you about the plan for tomorrow.
A.something B.everything C.anything
27.(2021新疆,87改编)Even when he’s at home, he always thinks about his work and hardly ever spends any time with my mother and (I).
28. (2021广东深圳,37)He enjoyed working by (he)from 10:00 p.m. to 4:00 a.m.
29. (2021山西,76改编)We all have a table like this in (we) homes. It is a sign of reunion of our family showing our feelings.
30. (2021内蒙古包头,85改编) was late at night but he needed the walk to clear his thoughts.
31. (2021湖南长沙,62)Oliver and Roderick, gave him a letter and told (he) not to open it until two o’clock of the day.
- (2020莆田仙游二模,82)The word Mangzhong is a pun(双关语)on the phrase “busy planting” in Chinese.
describes what a farmer’s life is like during this period of time.
33.(2020重庆B卷,77)Once you lose interest in what you’re doing, you can take a break from it. Go for a walk, do some exercise, take a shower or even lie down and think about .
34.(2020四川南充,69改编)“I know what to do,” said Hans. “I can give the lecture to you. You can trust (I).”
35.(2020天津,78)Spending time with your family is one thing that makes being at home special. Your bedroom is a thing that makes home special.
36.(2020河南,61改编)Listen to your friends. Be honest. Tell what is wrong if they have hurt you.
