课时14.九年级上册 Unit 2-中考英语四轮总复习（仁爱版）
展开课时14.九年级上册 Unit 2
学习目标：1.单词背默2.词汇拓展3.短语背默4.句型背默5.高频考点突破 | ||
单 词 背 默 | 1.脏乱，杂乱；困境(n.)________ 2．羞耻，羞愧(n.)________ 3．几个，数个(det.&pron.)________ 4．很坏的，极讨厌的(adj.)________ 5．承受，忍受(v.)________ 6．有害的(adj.)________ 7．聋的(adj.)________ 8．句子；判决，宣判(n.)________ 9．煤；煤块(n.)________ 10．血(n.)________ 11．行星(n.)________ 12．沙(n.)________ 13．虽然，尽管，即使(conj.)________ 14．没有一个；毫无(pron.)________ 15．垃圾；废弃物(n.)________ 16．野的，野生的(n.)________ 17．没有人(pron.) 小人物，无足轻重的人(n.)________
| 18.最差的，最糟的(adj.)________ 19．状况；形势；局面(n.)________ 20．可能，大概(adv.)________ 21．人人，每个人(pron.)________ 22．洞，坑(n.)________ 23．(使)出现；(使)形成(v.) 种类；形式(n.)________ 24．防止，避免(v.)________ 25．几乎，将近(adv.)________ 26．法律，法令；定律(n.)________ 27．点头(v.)________ 28．技术(n.)________ 29．轮，车轮，轮子(n.)________ 30．向导，导游；指南，手册(n.)________ 31．任何人，无论谁(pron.)________ 32．录像带；录像(n.)________ 33．允许，准许________
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词 汇 拓 展 | 1.waste(adj.)废弃的，丢弃的，无用的 (v.)浪费→________(adj.)浪费的→________(反义词)(v.)节省；节约 2．pollute(v.)污染→________(n.)污染；污染物→________(adj.)受污染的 3．pain(n.)疼，痛，痛苦→________(adj.)令人痛苦的；令人疼痛的 4．produce(v.)生产，制造→________(n.)产品，制品 5．print(v.)印刷→________(n.)打印机；印刷厂；印刷工 6．recently(adv.)不久前；最近→________(adj.)最近的 7．create(v.)造成；创造→________(adj.)有创造力的；创造性的 8．punish(v.)处罚，惩罚→________(n.)惩罚 9．rise(v.)上升；起床；升起→________(过去式)→________(过去分词)→________(现在分词) 10．discover(v.)发现，找到→________(n.)发现；发觉 11．agreement(n.)同意；一致；协议→________(v.)同意；赞成；应允 12．act(v.)扮演→________(n.)行动；行为→________(n.)活动→________(复数) 13．require(v.)需要；要求→________(n.)要求 14．deep(adj.)深的；厚的→________(adv.)深深地；非常 15．dry(adj.)干燥的→________(比较级)→________(最高级)→________(反义词)(adj.)湿的；潮湿的 16．marry(v.)嫁；娶；结婚→________(过去式/过去分词)→________(n.)婚姻 17．weigh(v.)重量是……；称……的重量→________(n.)重量；分量 18．difference(n.)差别；差异→________(adj.)不同的→________(adv.)不同地 | |
短 语 背 默 | 1.砍倒____________ 2．(尤指对健康或环境)有害的，导致损害的____________ 3．伤害，损害____________ 4．高血压____________ 5．转换成，变成____________ 6．在各处；到处____________ 7．拿走____________ | 8.温室效应____________ 9．赶快，快点____________ 10．放弃____________ 11．停止，关掉____________ 12．毕竟；归根到底____________ 13．用完，耗尽____________
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句 型 背 默 | 1.—How long ________ you ________ like this？你像这样多久了？ —________ ________ like this since last week.自上周以来我一直就这样。 2．Recently, it ________ ________ that many teenagers in America can hear no better than 65yearold people do, because these young people always listen to loud pop music.据报道，近来许多美国青少年的听力几乎和65岁老人的听力一样差，这是因为这些年轻人总听劲爆的流行音乐。 3．We should do ________ we can ________ ________ the environment.我们应该尽一切努力保护环境。 4．Some things we have done are very good for the earth ________ others are bad.我们做的一些事情对地球有益，而另一些是有害的。 | |
高频考点突破
考点1There were lots of flowers and grass. 有许多花和草。
The flowers and grass have gone! 花和草都消失了！
现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
(1)一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或状态，强调时间是过去。现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，强调现在的情况。
(2)一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week/year/month，in 2018, two years ago等。与现在完成时连用的状语有ever, never, already, yet等。
1．—When did they become friends?
—They ________ friends since they met in Shanghai.
A．have become B．became
C．becoming D．will become
2．—Have you seen the movie Forever Young?
—Yes. I ________ the movie with my friend last night.
A．watch B．watched
C．will watch D．have watched
考点2How long have you been like this? 你像这样有多长时间了？
(1)how long表示“多长(时间)”，用于提问for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语。
(2)how often表示“多长时间一次”，用于提问once, twice等表示频率的副词。
(3)how far表示“多远”，用于提问两地间的距离。
(4)how soon表示“多久”，提问一般将来时中in引导的表示一段时间的状语。
1.—________ is it from your home to your school?
—About 2 kilometers. I usually go to school by bike.
A．How long B．How soon
C．How far D．How often
2．—________ do you go to visit your parents?
—About twice a month.
A．How far B．How often
C．How soon D．How much
考点3Pollution has caused too many problems. 污染已经导致了太多的问题。
1.Nowadays pupils are very bored because they usually have ________ homework on weekend.
A．too many B．too much
C．much too D．many too
2．There were ________ people on the bus yesterday. I could hardly move.
A．many too B．too many
C．too much D．much too
考点4Making a loud noise in public is also a kind of pollution. 在公共场所制造巨大的噪音也是一种污染。
1．你的衣服很时髦，你在哪里买的？(完成译句)
Your clothes are ________ ________. Where did you buy them?
2．律师们决定尽力帮助那位处于麻烦中的老人。(完成译句)
The lawyers decided to try their best to help the old man ________ ________.
考点5While I was walking down the street just now, I couldn't see anything.刚才当我在街道上走的时候，我什么也看不见。
单词 | 意义及用法 | 例句 |
when | when连词，意为“当……时候”，相当于at the time that，指时间点，引导时间状语从句，从句的谓语动词常使用终止性动词，偶尔使用延续性动词。 | She was doing her homework when someone knocked at the door. 当有人敲门的时候她正在做作业。 |
while | while也是连词，意为“当……时候”，相当于during the time that，指时间段，引导时间状语从句，强调两个动作同时发生，动词要使用延续性动词。 | While he was cooking dinner I looked after his little son. 他做饭的时候我照顾他的小儿子。 |
1．We were walking in the street ________the rain started suddenly.
A．as soon as B．while
C．so that D．when
2．The students were talking about a movie when the teacher came in.(改为同义句)
________ the students were talking about a movie, the teacher came in.
考点6I'm sorry to hear that. 听到那件事我很难过。
常用口语应答语：
(1)You're welcome “不客气，没关系”，用于回答别人表示的感谢。
(2)With my pleasure＝It's my pleasure “很乐意，很愿意”，用于回答别人提出的请求。
(3)I'm sorry to hear that ＝Sorry to hear that “听到那件事很难过/很遗憾”，用于对别人遇到的不愉快的事情表示同情。
(4)I hope so “希望如此”，表达希望看到事情向好的方面发展。
(5)I'm afraid not “恐怕不行”，用于委婉地表示拒绝。
(6)No problem “没问题”，用于对别人提出的请求做出爽快应允。
1.—I hear that Mr Wang was ill in hospital last Sunday, do you know?
—________. But I don't know.
A．Of course not B．I'm sorry to hear that
C．With pleasure D．I hope so
2．—Can you help me carry these books?
—________.
A．Thank you B．I have no time
C．I'm afraid so D．It's my pleasure
3．—Could you please help me with my Chinese this afternoon?
—________， if I have time.
A．What a shame B．You're welcome
C．No problem D．Sorry to hear that
考点7We humans have lived on the earth for only 35,000 years. 我们人类在地球上仅仅才生活了35,000年。
单词 | 意义及用法 | 例句 |
since | 后面接时间点或从句(一般过去时)，也可以接“一段时间＋ago”或句型“It's ＋时间段＋since ＋ 一般过去时”，表示某事是从何时开始的。 | It's about ten years since she left home. 自从她离开家大约有十年了。 |
for | 后面接时间段，表示某事持续了多长时间，意思是“长达”。 | He's been here for 2 years.他来这里两年了。 |
(用since和for完成下面的句子)
1．He has lived in Beijing ________ he came to China three years ago.
2．I've known him ________ we were little kids in the small mountain village.
3．My old father has studied English ________ three months.
考点8How can we avoid a serious water shortage? 我们如何避免严重的水荒？
avoid常见用法如下
(1)avoid＋名词或代词，意为“避免或躲避……”。
(2)avoid＋动名词，意为“避免做某事”，是高频考点。
1.If you go back ten minutes later, you will ________ the busy traffic time.
A．miss B．avoid
C．require D．allow
2．He went back home through a small street so that he could avoid ________ some neighbors.
A．to meet B．met
C．meeting D．meets
3．我们在西方国家时，最好避免谈论年龄、收入或者体重等话题。(完成译句)
We'd better ________ ________ ________ topics like age, weight or money while we are in western countries.
考点9The daughter has never married. 那位女儿从来没有结过婚。
(1)marry sb. “嫁给某人，娶某人”，及物动词。
(2)be/get married (to sb.) “(和某人)结婚”，时间状语是具体时间，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
(3)have been married (to sb.) “已经(和某人)结婚”，后接“for＋时间段”。
(4)marry sb. to sb. 表示“把某人嫁给某人”。
1.—How long have you ________？
—For more than ten years. We got married in 2007.
A．married B．got married
C．were married D．been married
2．It's said that Gongli got married ________ a man over 70 from France.
A．to B．with
C．in D．by
3．据说日本公主和一位农民在几年前结婚了。 (完成译句)
It's said that the Princess of Japan ________ ________ ________ a farmer several years ago.
考点10The policy requires that only taxis, buses, bikes and special purpose vehicles are allowed to travel anywhere in the city. 政策规定只有出租车、公共汽车、自行车和特殊车辆可以在城市里到处运行。
(1)allow sb. to do sth. 意为“允许某人做某事”。
(2)sb. be allowed to do sth.是被动结构，意为“某人被允许做某事”。
(3)allow doing sth.意为“允许做某事”。
1.Hurry up! Once the concert begins, nobody ________ to go into the hall again.
A．allow B．is allowed
C．is allowing D．are allowed
2．Parents should allow their children ________ their own decision.
A．have B．having
C．to have D．had
3．People are not allowed ________ in the cinema, but they will allow ________ in the restroom.
A．to smoke; smoke
B．smoking; to smoke
C．to smoke; smoking
D．smoking; smoke
随堂练习
一．用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
1．________(pollute) air does harm to our health. It's necessary to keep the air fresh and clean.
2．He found it ________(pain) to breathe.
3．I haven't seen them ________(recent)．
4．This job is so boring. I wish I could do something more ________(create)．
5．The ________(discover) of the new medicine has saved millions of lives across the world.
6．We are getting ________(marry) next month.
7．The average ________(weigh) of a baby at birth is just over seven pounds.
8．If we compare the habits of Chinese and Americans, we'll find many ________(different)．
9．The Americans spell some words ________(different) from the British.
10．I was sent to bed as a ________(punish).
二．单项选择
1．—You look so happy!
—Jack says I am pretty.________ has ever told me that before.
A．Somebody B．Anybody C．Everybody D．Nobody
2．—Tom, don't watch TV any more. Go and do your homework quickly.
—But Mum, I ________ my homework already.
A．finished B．have finished C．finish D．will finish
3．—________ will the dinner be ready?
—Ten more minutes.
A．How much B．How long C．How soon D．How often
4．—Your parents aren't at home, are they?
—No. They ________ to Beijing for a meeting.
A．have gone B．have been C．went D．will go
5．Most of them are ________. They speak ________.
A．German; German B．German; Germany C．Germans; Germany D．Germans; German
6．—Mike, what about seeing the movie Operation Red Sea with me this evening?
—Oh, I ________ it already. It's really wonderful.
A．see B．saw C．have seen D．will see
7．I've been to many different places, but ________ of them is as beautiful as my hometown.
A．each B．either C．neither D．none
8．—________ my daughter is only ten years old, she knows a lot.
—What a clever girl!
A．Because B．Whether C．Though D．So
9．According to CCTV News, US President Trump has ________ been to China before. This is his first time to visit China.
A．already B．yet C．ever D．never
10．—Our school soccer team won the first prize just now.
—________ exciting news it is!
A．What B．How C．What a D．What an
三．完形填空
Today we can see that many people are cutting down the trees in the forests. A lot of __1__ lands have become deserts. If we read newspapers, we'll learn that the forests on the earth are getting smaller __2__. We are cutting down large numbers of trees __3__ we need wood and farmland. Some scientists say that there will not be any great forests __4__ 20 or 30 years.
What will happen if the forests disappear? A lot of plants will die and the animals will __5__ their homes. In many places the new farmland will soon look __6__ the old desert. Crops will not grow there. There won't be enough __7__， and the weather will get hot and dry. If the climate of the earth changes, life will be __8__ for everyone. Our living environment will become __9__. More and more rich farmland will disappear. We will suffer a lot from both droughts (干旱) and floods.
It's our duty __10__ the forests well. Everyone should try his best to make a contribution (贡献) to taking care of the forests. Stop cutting down the trees and make the world greener!
1．A.low B．rich C．lonely D．high
2．A.on time B．all the time C．in time D．in no time
3．A.or B．so C．because D．but
4．A.in B．at C．on D．with
5．A.find B．build C．lose D．decorate
6．A.like B．up C．at D．out
7．A.snow B．sunshine C．wind D．rain
8．A.easy B．hard C．happy D．interesting
9．A.better and better B．worse and worse C．bigger and bigger D．more and more
10．A.to do B．Do C．to protect D．protect
四．阅读理解
A kind of little cars may take the place of today's big ones many years later. If everyone drives such cars in the future, there will be less pollution in the air. There will also be more space for parking in cities, and the streets will be less crowded.
The little cars of the future will cost less. Driving will be safer, too, since these little cars can go only 65 kilometers an hour. The cars of the future will be fine for going around a city, but they will not be useful for a long way. Little cars will go 450 kilometers before they need to stop for more gasoline (汽油). If big cars are still used along with the small ones, two kinds of roads will be needed in the future. Some roads will be needed for the big, faster cars and other roads will be needed for the small, slower ones.
1．There is much pollution in the air today because ________.
A．people drive big cars
B．people drive little cars
C．small cars will go 450 kilometers before they need to stop for more gasoline
D．the usual size of cars today is too small
2．Which of the following statements (陈述) cannot be inferred from the passage?
A．Big cars cost more.
B．Big cars are not useful for a long way.
C．The cars of the future will be smaller than today's cars.
D．Small cars are slower than big ones.
3．The streets will be less crowded because ________.
A．there will be fewer cars in the future
B．there will be fewer people in the streets
C．three kinds of roads will be built
D．future cars will be smaller
4．Two kinds of roads will be needed in the future because ________.
A．there will be too many cars in the future
B．more and more people will go to cities
C．big cars run faster and little cars run slower
D．it looks more beautiful to have two kinds of roads
五．短文填空
Thanks to better health care, most people are living healthier and longer lives. Someone who is born today can expect (希望) to live about thirtyfive years longer than someone who was born in the
nineteenth century. It is even thought that in the future more and more people will celebrate their hundredth birthdays. Here__1__five rules for a healthy life.
Get off the sofa!
Sure, it is comfortable to sit on the sofa and watch TV. But doctors say you should get off the sofa.To keep __2__， you have to walk at least 10,000 steps every day. In the past, people's jobs required more physical effort (体力劳动). They often had to walk for miles every day. When farmers were working in the fields, they were keeping fit at the__3__ time. Think about it: Do you get the same amount of exercise today as they did in the past?
Eat healthy food!
It is important to eat food that is fresh and natural, for example, fruit and vegetables. Fast food is not healthy. You__4__ only have it once in a while. Eating too much of the wrong food will harm your health.
Rest while you can!
When we were babies, we slept for much of the night. Teenagers do not need as much sleep as babies, but it is important __5__ you to get about eight hours' sleep a night. At weekends, you have got more time, so use it not just for your friends, but for rest too.
Do not worry. Be happy!
Many people believe that __6__ is important for our general health. Sometimes it is not easy to be a teenager because of the difficulties of school exams or friendships. __7__ you are worried about something, talk to your parents or your teacher.
Say __8__ to smoking!
Yes, you knew I was going to say this! It is so important. Smoking is not cool. It is dangerous. It harms nearly every part of your body. Think about how your family and friends will feel, and think about what it will do to your health.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
六.短文填空
阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Ocean Protects Against Warming
Seen from outer space, Earth is a blue planet, due to the fact that the ocean 1. (cover) over 70 percent of its surface. According to a new study published in the journal Science, the ocean plays a great 2. /rəul/ in slowing down global warming. It is “3. important buffer(缓冲物)”．
The oceans can absorb(吸收) 93 percent of the 4. /hiːt/ trapped by the greenhouse gases that humans release into the atmosphere. And the 5. 7 percent is absorbed by the air, land and ice caps(冰盖)．
“If the ocean 6. (be not) absorbing as much heat, the surface of the land would heat up much 7. (fast) than it is right now, ” said professor Malin L. Pinsky at Rutgers University in the US. “In fact, the ocean is 8. (save) us from rapid warming right now.”
However, the ocean 9. (it) is heating up 40 percent faster on average than the United Nations believed five years ago. That means if the ocean temperatures 10. /In'kriːs/ at this speed, the high water temperatures will kill off marine ecosystems(海洋生态系统), raise sea levels and make hurricanes(飓风) more destructive(破坏性的)．
