2021-2022学年河北省石家庄市高二（下）第一次月考英语试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2021-2022学年河北省石家庄市高二（下）第一次月考英语试卷（含答案解析），共18页。
Fur Unique ParksBryce Canyn Natinal Park,Utah
If yu're lking fr interesting red and pink rcks,yu can't d better than Bryce Canyn.The natinal park is knwn fr its attractive rck frmatins and hds（石林）.Sme f the best places t visit in the park are the Natural Bridge,Fairyland Canyn,r any f the scenic viewpints thrughut the park.
Death Valley Natinal Park,Califrnia and Nevada
It's the httest and driest natinal park in the cuntry,but it's als a place f beautiful desert sights and interesting natural phenmena,like the sailing stnes n the Racetrack Playa.Depending n where yu are in the park the climate can be extreme -it's hme t snwy muntains,dry desert,clrful flwer fields,and cl lakes.Yu might als recgnize it as the planet f Tatine frm the riginal Star Wars mvies.
Petrified Frest Natinal Park,Arizna
Arizna ffers way mre than just the Grand Canyn.This ancient frest in the middle f the desert isn't what yu'd typically expect--- it's way mre interesting.The frest became fssilized（石化）ver time as minerals like quartz slwly replaced the wd remains.The result is multi-clred stne lgs（原木）that are t amazing t pass up.Just dn't take hme any free suvenirs -many visitrs are fined by taking rcks.
Great Basin Natinal Park,Nevada
Great Basin Natinal Park might be ne f the best parks in the state f Nevada.Just a visit t the Lehman Caves r the Lexingtn Arch （a rare,giant,abve-grund limestne arch） will have yu cnvinced.It's als knwn fr having sme f the darkest skies in the cntinental U.S.，s astrnmy lvers will jump at the chance t see the night sky when they visit.
1. What is Bryce Canyn Natinal Park famus fr？ ______
A. Rck frmatins and hds.B. Beautiful desert sights.
C. Multi-clred stne lgs.D. The darkest night sky.
2. Where is the park attracting Star Wars mvies fans lcated？ ______
A. In Utah.B. In Califrnia and Nevada.
C. In Arizna.D. In Nevada.
3. Which park will attract astrnmy lvers mst？ ______
A. Bryce Canyn Natinal Park.B. Death Valley Natinal Park.
C. Petrified Frest Natinal Park.D. Great Basin Natinal Park.
B
In the depths f space rbits is an intergalactic（星系际的）space statin.Living here are sme f the smartest scientists and their families.After traveling billins f miles,tw scientists,Clyde and Klara Klsn,and their kids Kelvin and Bula,are the newest members f the space statin.This is a stry tld in the new bk,Sei-Fi Junir High,written by Sctt Seegert and illustrated（插图）by Jhn Martin.
Seegert,a frmer engineer,was inspired t give writing a try at age 45 after reading a bk written by a famus writer.After wrking n that bk fr three years,Seegert's hard wrk paid ff when it was published in 2007.After that success,he decided t fcus n writing bks fr kids.
Martin always lved t write and draw.As a kid,he spent evenings and weekends watching cartns and drawing superheres,and Martin says he was "aviding hmewrk"，withut realizing that he was really wrking twards his future career.Martin went n t study art at a cllege and became a successful illustratr.
Seegert and Martin grew up during the same time and had similar interests.As kids,bth read cmic bks,watched superher shws and enjyed freign mvies.
Their first cperative wrk was the bk Vrdak the Incmprehensible.The tw went n t write mre bks tgether and have received many awards fr their wrk.Fr Sci-Fi Junir High,they started with a very general idea,and then fcused n the characters t tell the stry.
Seegert and Martin wrk really well tgether.They even wrk in the same art studi in Farmingtn,Michigan.They wrk in separate rms but have an in-between dr s they can always cnsult each ther in persn. "Many times nwadays,yu might see an authr and illustratr wrking tgether,but they have never even met," Seegert said. "We wrk differently frm mst children's bk authrs and illustratrs."
4. Why des the authr mentin Sci-Fi Junir High in Paragraph 1？ ______
A. T attract readers t read the bk.
B. T hnr Clyde and Klara Klsm.
C. T lead in the majr characters f the text.
D. T shw the achievement f researching space.
5. Hw did Martin make use f his spare time as a kid？ ______
A. He develped his interest.
B. He planned fr his future wrk.
C. He wrte bks and drew pictures.
D. He studied art t be an utstanding illustratr.
6. What can we knw abut Seegert and Martin？ ______
A. They had sme similarities.
B. They grew up in the same area.
C. They were hnred fr the space statin.
D. They have wrked tgether fr 30 years.
7. What may be the best title fr the text？ ______
A. Tw Writers Wrking Differently.
B. Tw Partners Marching Tgether.
C. Jhn Martin,a Famus Illustratr.
D. Sci-Fi Junir High,a Wnderful Bk.
C
In the past several years, the use f scial media has grwn in a way that n ne culd have guessed. It has turned sme teenagers int celebrities and turned the famus int the infamus vernight.
A key feature f scial media, hwever, is its vlatility. Trends cme and g, disappearing almst as quickly as they appeared. S, what were the key scial media trends f 2022?
Shrt vide apps such as TikTk and its Chinese equivalent (等同物) Duyin, tk the wrld by strm. The Telegraph reprted that TikTk was ranked 8th n Apple's App stre in April. And Duyin had mre than 300 millin dmestic (国内的) mnthly active users in June at hme, CNBC said.
Why are these shrt vides—which are rarely lnger than a few minutes—s ppular? Jiang Yige, Singapre-based analyst at Feng He Fund Management, has a thery. "Shrt vides are just right t fill in the little gaps in ur busy schedules," he tld CNBC.
These vides—apart frm being very cnvenient—are imprtant t teenagers because they allw them t express themselves, accrding t Teen Vgue.
Liza Kshy, a user f the US app Musically wh has ver 2 millin fllwers, said, "The sense f cmmunity that users f shrt vide apps get is anther appealing feature."
Live streaming is a feature f ur scial media life that nw seems as natural as sunrise. It's a pretty neat idea: Yu can watch anyne, anywhere, live. Hwever, China has taken live streaming t a whle new level. In China, mre than 100 millin viewers mnthly watch a live streaming vide. Frbes thught that a number f factrs had led t the ppularity f live streams. Amng them is viewers' ability t interact with unknwn names.
Hwever, the quick develpment f scial media may be having side effects t. Fake news is ne serius prblem it causes. Materials shared n these platfrms are ften nt checked fr accuracy. The mst basic cntent can be false and can mislead users ne way r anther. We use scial media all the time; that desn't mean that we understand the influence it is having n us. We shuld be mindful f bth the time we spend n it and its impact n ur minds.
8. What des the underlined wrd "vlatility" in Paragraph 2 pssibly mean？
A. Being changeable.B. Being famus.
C. Being prmising.D. Being ppular.
9. Accrding t Liza Kshy, why are shrt vides very ppular?
A. They are very cheap.
B. They help peple kill time.
C. They prvide a sense f cmmunity.
D. They allw peple t express themselves.
10. What d we knw abut scial media?
A. The infrmatin frm scial media is ttally reliable.
B. When it cmes t scial media,peple nly knw shrt vides.
C. Peple can't cmmunicate with each ther withut scial media.
D. There is still much rm fr scial media t make imprvement.
11. What is the authr's attitude t the quick develpment f scial media?
A. Objective.B. Subjective.C. Supprtive.D. Negative.
D
Are yur teeth fit? Are yu t lazy t brush them? Never fear: An inventr is n the case. An electric tthbrush senses hw lng and hw well yu brush, and it lets yu track yur perfrmance n yur phne.
The Klibree tthbrush was shwn at the Internatinal Cnsumer Electrnics Shw in Las Vegas this week. It senses hw it is mved and can send the infrmatin t an Andrid phne r iPhne via a Bluetth wireless cnnectin.
The tthbrush will be able t teach yu t brush right (dn't frget the insides f the teeth!) and make sure yu're brushing lng enugh. "It's kind f like having a dentist actually watch yur brushing n a daily basis," says Thmas Serval, the French inventr.
The tthbrush will als be able t talk t ther applicatins n yur phne, s develpers culd, fr example, create a game cntrlled by yur tthbrush. Yu culd scre pints fr beating mnsters amng yur teeth. "We try t make it smart but als fun," Serval says.
Serval says he was inspired by his experience as a father. He wuld cme hme frm wrk and asked his kids if they had brushed their teeth. They said "yes" but Serval wuld find their tthbrush heads dry. He decided he needed a brush that really tld him hw well his children brushed.
The cmpany says the Klibree will g n sale this summer, fr $99 t $199, depending n features. The U. S. is the first target market.
Serval says that ne day, it'll be pssible t replace the brush n the handle with a brushing unit that als has a camera. The camera can even examine hles in yur teeth while yu brush.
12. Which is ne f the advantages f the Klibree tthbrush?
A. It can help users recver their phnes.
B. It can track users' schl perfrmance.
C. It can sense hw users brush their teeth.
D. It can remve users' fear f seeing a dentist.
13. What can we learn frm Serval's wrds in Paragraph 3?
A. Yu will find it enjyable t see a dentist.
B. Yu shuld see yur dentist n a daily basis.
C. Yu can brush with the Klibree as if guided by a dentist.
D. Yu'd like a dentist t watch yu brush yur teeth every day.
14. What is Paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A. Hw Serval fund ut his kids lied t him.
B. What inspired Serval t invent the tthbrush.
C. Hw Serval taught his kids t brush their teeth.
D. Why Serval thught brushing teeth was necessary.
15. What can we infer abut Serval's children?
A. They were unwilling t brush their teeth.
B. They ften failed t clean their tthbrushes.
C. They preferred t use a tthbrush with a dry head.
D. They liked brushing their teeth after Serval came hme.
As glbal warming becmes mre and mre serius,each ne f us must take actin t help.
First,diet.
Changing what yu eat culd easily have a significant effect because animal agriculture creates abut 14% f the wrld's greenhuse gas emissins（排放） (1) Each kil cnsumed prduces 26.5 kils fCO2 emissins,five times mre than chicken r turkey.Changing t plant-based diets culd reduce emissins greatly.
Secnd,travel.
Nearly all transprt relies n fssil fuels.In the US，driving ne mile in an average 2016 car emits 404 grams fCO2 equivalents per mile.But taking nearly any ther means f transprt will reduceCO2 emissins. (2)
Third,energy.
(3) But a few quick changes can make a difference.Switch frm incandescent（白炽灯）lights t LEDs.They use a quarter f the energy and last 25 times lnger.And taking fr shwers,the average water heater is set t 140 degrees Fahrenheit.But bringing it dwn by 20 degrees can save 250 kilgrams fCO2.
Furth,waste.
Think befre yu buy.The fashin industry creates abut 10% f glbal greenhuse emissins and cnsumes mre energy than flight and shipping cmbined. (4) If yu're buying fd,bring yur wn cntainers and just get the amunt yu need.
Last but nt least,plant a garden.
Plant a garden instead f building a yard ut f cement（水泥），the prductin f which creates 8% f glbalCO2 emissins a year (5)
S frm a burger t a cyclist,n ne thing will have a big influence,but lts f little things can.
A.Almst every husehld appliance needs it.
B.When yu d make a purchase,try t buy it in large quantity.
C.Planting a garden helps reduceCO2 emissins and prduce xygen.
D.Each f us cntributes a particular amunt fCO2 int the atmsphere.
E.As we all knw,the envirnment arund us is getting wrse and wrse.
F.After walking,cycling is the best chice because it almst has n emissins.
G.In 2017，beef was fund t be ne f the mst damaging fds t the climate.
16. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
When I was grwing up in Minnesta,Je Versus the Vlcan was ne f my favrite mvies.I(21)t be swept away t an island.But as I fund myself in La Palma(22)n the Cumbre Vieja eruptin in the Spanish Canary Islands,I quickly(23)that there's nthing rmantic abut vlcanes r being trapped n an island.
I had cme(24)-an N95 mask,baseball cap,and a swimming mask.But nthing culd prepare me fr the invasiveness f the vlcanic(25).It fell frm the sky like a rainstrm,lining streets(26)drways and windwsills,and filling my ears.
It wasn't lng befre the airlines canceled all flights.When(27)began panic-buying all the ferry tickets as I was interviewing residents abut their futures,I realized I had(28)the bat.
Fr tw days,I wandered(29)streets awaiting the resumptin f travel,carrying a backpack and feeling prgressively stuck and at times(30)And then I realized I was being given the(31)fr deeper insight.Here I was(32)what the lcal peple were feeling：uncertainty,frustratin,and tiredness frm living next t an erupting vlcan with n end in sight.
Like the peple f La Palma ，I(33)thers t get me thrugh-frm the English wman wh(34)me a bag f ranges frm her garden t the minister f the church wh let me use the bathrm after being trapped at the tp f a muntain.
As I finally left,I realized hw(35)I was t have experienced the humanity f the peple in La Palma in the face f crisis.I knw it's what will pull them thrugh it.
21. A. seemedB. pretendedC. refusedD. lnged
22. A. recrdingB. checkingC. reprtingD. fcusing
23. A. guessedB. realizedC. agreedD. imagined
24. A. excitedB. disappintedC. preparedD. cnfused
25. A. rckB. ashC. lavaD. smke
26. A. cveringB. blckingC. breakingD. destrying
27. A. managersB. actrsC. turistsD. residents
28. A. drivenB. frgtC. cleanedD. missed
29. A. bradB. beautifulC. emptyD. crwded
30. A. panickedB. satisfiedC. relaxedD. inspired
31. A. abilityB. chanceC. talentD. right
32. A. studyingB. nticingC. writingD. experiencing
33. A. relied nB. appealed tC. dealt withD. believed in
34. A. lentB. gaveC. sentD. sld
35. A. upsetB. smartC. anxiusD. grateful
36. Taijiquan （als knwn as Tai Chi） is a traditinal Chinese martial art,r wushu.Appearing during the mid-seventeenth century in Wenxian Cunty in Henan Prvince,this wushu frm builds upn the yin and yang cycle and (1) （practice） thrughut the cuntry by peple (2) ll ages nw.
Mdem Taijiquan serves a wide variety f needs.Sme practice Taijiquan as (3) slw graceful exercise fr health reasns.Others study it as a traditinal fighting sprt, (4) equal） stressing the fast-paced,explsive cmbat aspects alng with the sfter mvements.Still thers perfrm Taijiquan which has been standardized fr wushu sprt cmpetitins.
Despite the styles r schls,all ppularly (5) （recgnize） frms f Taijiquan are based n a perfect balance f yin and yang and stress breathing and qigng (6) （build） up internal strength,and the balance f bth the mind and bdy.
S far this unique practice (7) attract） peple frm arund the wrld,with abut 100 t 150 millin peple (8) （study） Taijiquan.And after centuries f develpment by generatin f (9) （master），Taijiquan is still a living,breathing art,ne (10) is cntinuusly advancing t meet the needs f peple in tday's sciety.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. 假定你是李华，你最近在网上看了一部博物馆的纪录片，对国外的博物馆产生了很大兴趣。请你向加拿大的朋友 Gerge 写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.请他推荐一座当地的博物馆；
2.询问开放时间、参观费用及其他注意事项。
注意：
1.词数 80 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Gerge,
____________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
38. As a child,when my family tk a vacatin,we wrte pstcards frm the Great Smky Muntains r the Lincln Memrial t shw ur friends the new places we had explred.I cnsidered pstcards as simply a way t share travels until I came acrss my grandmther's pstcard album.
My three cusins and I unearthed the dark gray leather album with black paper pages.Sme f the pstcard designs shwed pine branches with red bws and annunced Merry Christmas,and numerus hearts decrated ther cards prclaiming（宣告）Happy Valentine's Day.But mst f the pstcards had pictures f flwers r birds r had scenes that did nt reflect a hliday r a travel destinatin.
My cusins and I slipped them frm the album.The pstmarks n the back were frm Chicag,where my grandmther had grwn up.She later settled in Michigan.Instead f telling abut a hliday in Maine,the ntes-written in flwing penmanship-were invitatins t cme t a dinner party r g fr a walk the next day. "Why d these pstcards ask yu t cme t tea？" I asked my grandmther.
"Because this is hw we cmmunicated befre we had a telephne," she said. "I wuld send a pstcard in the mrning mail,and a friend wuld receive it that afternn.Then she'd pst a reply that arrived in my mail the next mrning."
"Yu gt mail twice a day？" I said.
"Yes.Remember,we had n phne."
My cusins and I stared at each ther.Cnnecting by pstcards seemed as strange as using a carrier pigen（信鸽）.
I had frgtten abut my grandmther's pstcards until lckdwns（封城）restricted ur trips t see ur three granddaughters wh live several hurs away.While I sent them texts,such messages seemed unreal t me.I wanted t give them smething tactile（触觉的） t remind them f my lve during the lckdwns.
Remembering my grandmther's pstcard album,I bught several sets f cards featuring fun facts abut animals and American histry.Every few weeks,I'd write ntes and mail them.The girls ccasinally respnded with brief thank-yu texts.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右。
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、B、D
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据Bryce Canyn Natinal Park,Utah部分的The natinal park is knwn fr its attractive rck frmatins and hds（国家公园以其迷人的岩层和丛林而闻名）可知，Bryce Canyn Natinal Park因其岩层和丛林而闻名。故选A。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据Death Valley Natinal Park,Califrnia and Nevada部分的Yu might als recgnize it as the planet f Tatine frm the riginal Star Wars mvies （你也可以从最初的《星球大战》电影中认出它是塔图因星球）可知，吸引《星球大战》粉丝的国家公园位于内华达州和加利福尼亚州。故选B。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据Great Basin Natinal Park,Nevada部分的s astrnmy lvers will jump at the chance t see the night sky when they visit（因此，天文爱好者在造访时会抓住这个机会去看夜空）可知，Great Basin Natinal Park会吸引天文爱好者。故选D。
本文是一篇应用文。文章向我们介绍了美国四个独特的国家公园。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4~7.【答案】C、A、A、B
【解析】（1）C.推理判断题。根据第一段In the depths f space rbits is an intergalactic space statin.Living here are sme f the smartest scientists and their families.After traveling billins f miles,tw scientists,Clyde and Klara Klsn,and their kids Kelvin and Bula,are the newest members f the space statin.This is a stry tld in the new bk,ScrFi Junir High,written by Sctt Seegert and illustrated by Jhn Martin.（在太空轨道的深处有一个星系间的空间站。住在这里的是一些最聪明的科学家和他们的家人。经过数十亿英里的旅行，两位科学家Clyde和Klara Klsn,以及他们的孩子Kelvin和Bula,成为了空间站的最新成员。这是一本新书《科幻初中》中讲述的故事，该书由Sctt Seegert撰写，Jhn Martin配图。）可推知，作者在第一段提到了《科幻初中》是为了引出文中的主要人物。故选C。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据第三段中As a kid,he spent evenings and weekends watching cartns and drawing superheres,Martin says he was "aviding hmewrk"，withut realizing that he was really wrking twards his future career.（当他还是个孩子的时候，他晚上和周末都在看卡通片和画超级英雄。Martin说他"避免做作业"，并没有意识到他是在为未来的事业努力。）可知，Martin小时候利用晚上和周末的时间看漫画和画超级英雄。这表明他在培养自己的兴趣。故选A。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据第四段Seegert and Martin grew up during the same time and had similar interests.As kids,bth read cmic bks,watched superher shws and enjyed alien mvies.（ Seegert和Martin在同一时期长大，有相似的兴趣。在孩子的时候，他们都看漫画书，看超级英雄节目，喜欢外星人电影。）可知，Seegert和Martin有很多相同的爱好，也就是他们有着相似之处。故选A。
（4）B.标题判断题。根据倒数第二段Their first cperative wrk was the bk Vrdak the Incmprehensible.The tw went n t write mre bks tgether and have received many awards fr their wrk.Fr Sci-Fi Junir High,they started with a very general idea,and then fcused n the characters t tell the stry.（他们的第一部合作作品是《不可理解的沃尔达克》。两人后来一起写了更多的书，并因他们的工作获得了许多奖项。对于《科幻片初中》，他们从一个非常笼统的想法开始，然后将重点放在讲述故事的角色上。）结合文章主要讲述了Seegert和Martin一起奋斗的故事。B选项"两个伙伴一起前进"最符合文章标题。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作家Seegert和插图画家Martin一起奋斗的故事。
做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】A、C、D、A
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。社交媒体的发展速度惊人，短视频、直播流媒体给人们的生活带来了便利，能够让人们展现自我，带来认同感。但是，社交媒体的兴起也可能产生副作用，我们应该客观地看待它。
1.
根据划线词下一句Trends cme and g, disappearing almst as quickly as they appeared.（潮流来了又去，消失的速度几乎和出现的速度一样快。）可知，这句话是在解释划线词语，因此该词意为“经常变化，容易变化”。所在句子意为：然而，社交媒体的一个关键特征是其易变性。故选A。
2.
根据第六段Liza Kshy, a user f the US app Musically wh has ver 2 millin fllwers, said, "The sense f cmmunity that users f shrt vide apps get is anther appealing feature."（Liza Kshy是一名拥有超过200万粉丝的美国应用程序Musically的用户，她说：“短视频应用程序用户获得的社区感是另一个吸引人的功能。”）可知，按Lisa Kshy所说，她认为短视频非常受欢迎是因为它能让用户有社区的归属感。故选C。
3.
根据最后一段中的Hwever, the quick develpment f scial media may be having side effects t. Fake news is ne serius prblem it causes. Materials shared n these platfrms are ften nt checked fr accuracy. The mst basic cntent can be false and can mislead users ne way r anther.（然而，社交媒体的快速发展也可能产生副作用。假新闻是它造成的一个严重问题。在这些平台上分享的材料往往没有经过准确性检查。最基本的内容可能是虚假的，可能以某种方式误导用户。）可知，社交媒体还存在问题，仍旧有很大的改进空间。故选D。
4.
根据最后一段中的We use scial media all the time; that desn't mean that we understand the influence it is having n us. We shuld be mindful f bth the time we spend n it and its impact n ur minds.（我们一直在使用社交媒体；这并不意味着我们了解它对我们的影响。我们既要注意花在它上面的时间，也要注意它对我们思想的影响。）可知，作者介绍社交媒体给人们带来的便利和存在的问题，说明作者对社交媒体快速发展的态度是客观的。故选A。
12~15.【答案】C、C、B、A
【解析】【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一种最新的电动牙刷，这种牙刷既智能又有趣，能够跟踪人们的刷牙情况。
1. 根据第一段An electric tthbrush senses hw lng and hw well yu brush, and it lets yu track yur perfrmance n yur phne.（电动牙刷可以感知你刷牙的时间和效果，还可以在手机上追踪你的刷牙表现。）和第二段的内容“Klibree牙刷本周在拉斯维加斯举行的国际消费电子展上展出。它能感知物体的移动方式，并通过蓝牙无线连接将信息发送到安卓手机或iPhne上。”可知，Klibree电动牙刷的一个优点是它可以感知用户如何刷牙。故选C。
2. 根据第三段Serval说的话It's kind f like having a dentist actually watch yur brushing n a daily basis（这有点像让牙医每天看着你刷牙）可知，使用Klibree电动牙刷刷牙，就好像有一个牙医看着你并指导你刷牙一样。故选C。
3. 根据第五段的内容“Serval说，他的灵感来自于他作为父亲的经历。下班回家后，他会问孩子们是否刷牙了。他们答应了，但Serval会发现他们的牙刷头是干的。他决定他需要一把能真正告诉他他的孩子们刷得有多好的牙刷。”可知，本段主要讲述了是什么促使Serval去发明牙刷。故选B。
4. 根据第五段的He wuld cme hme frm wrk tthbrush heads dry.（下班回家后，他会问孩子们是否刷牙了。他们答应了，但Serval会发现他们的牙刷头是干的。）可知，Serval的孩子没有刷牙却说自己刷牙了，因此推断孩子们不喜欢刷牙。故选A。
16~20.【答案】G、F、A、B、C
【解析】（1）G.联系下文题。根据下文Each kil cnsumed prduces 26.5 kils f CO2 emissins,five times mre than chicken r turkey.（每消耗一公斤会产生26.5公斤的二氧化碳排放，是鸡肉或火鸡的五倍。）可知，选项承接下文说明牛肉对气候的不良影响。故G选项"2017年，牛肉被发现是对气候最有害的食物之一。"切题。故选G项。
（2）F.联系上文题。根据上文But taking nearly any ther means f transprt will reduce CO2 emissins.（但是使用几乎任何其他的交通工具都会减少二氧化碳的排放。）可知，选项承接上文，说明一种环保的出行方式。故F选项"步行之后，骑自行车是最好的选择，因为它几乎没有排放。"切题。故选F项。
（3）A.推理判断题。根据标题energy（能源），及下文Switch frm incandescent （白炽灯） lights t LEDs.They use a quarter f the energy and last 25 times lnger.And taking fr shwers,the average water heater is set t 140 degrees Fahrenheit.But bringing it dwn by 20 degrees can save 250 kilgrams f CO2.（从白炽灯切换到LED灯。它们消耗四分之一的能量，寿命是前者的25倍。淋浴时，热水器的平均温度设为华氏140度。但是将温度降低20度可以减少250公斤的二氧化碳。）可知，选项承接标题说明能源在家庭中的重要性。故A选项"几乎所有的家用电器都需要它。"切题。故选A项。
（4）B.联系上文题。根据上文The fashin industry creates abut 10% f glbal greenhuse emissins and cnsumes mre energy than flight and shipping cmbined.（时尚产业产生了约10%的全球温室气体排放，消耗的能源比飞行和航运的总和还要多。）可知，选项承接上文说明在购买时的数量很大，对环境造成了不好的影响。故B选项"当你要购买时，总在试图大量购买。"切题。故选B项。
（5）C.联系上文题。根据上文Plant a garden instead f building a yard ut f cement （水泥），the prductin f which creates 8% f glbal CO2 emissins a year.（种植一个花园，而不是用水泥建造一个花园，水泥的生产每年产生全球8%的二氧化碳排放。）可知，选项承接上文说明种植一个花园对环境的益处。故C选项"种植花园有助于减少二氧化碳排放和产生氧气。"切题。故选C项。
本文是一篇说明文。我们每一个人都可以为拯救地球保护环境做出自己的贡献。文章介绍了五种保护环境的做法。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】D、C、B、C、B、A、C、D、C、A、B、D、A、B、D
【解析】（1）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.seemed似乎，看来；B.pretended假装；C.refused拒绝；D.lnged渴望。根据上文 Je Versus the Vlcan was ne f my favrite mvies和下文I quickly（3）there's nthing rmantic abut vlcanes r being trapped n an island可知，受电影情节影响，作者之前认为困在火山岛上是一件浪漫的事情，所以他渴望被海浪卷到一个小岛上，开始自己的冒险之旅。故选D项。
（2）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.recrding记录；B.checking检查；C.reprting报道；D.fcusing集中，关注。根据句中n the Cumbre Vieja eruptin in the Spanish Canary Islands和第三段中I was interviewing residents abut their futures可知，作者是记者，在报道西班牙加那利群岛的康伯维哈火山喷发。故选C项。
（3）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.guessed猜测；B.realized了解，意识到；C.agreed同意，赞成；D.imagined想像，设想。根据句中there's nthing rmantic abut vlcanes r being trapped n an island可知，作者意识到困在火山岛上并不是一件浪漫的事情。故选B项。
（4）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.excited激动的；B.disappinted失望的，沮丧的；C.prepared有准备的；D.cnfused困惑的，糊涂的。根据句中an N95 mask,baseball cap,and a swimming mask可知，作者有备而来。故选C项。
（5）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.rck岩石；B.ash灰，灰烬；C.lava熔岩；D.smke烟，烟雾。根据下文It fell frm the sky可知，此处讲的是火山灰。故选B项。
（6）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.cvering覆盖；B.blcking阻塞；C.breaking打破，打碎；D.destrying破坏，毁灭。根据句中It fell frm the sky like a rainstrm"和"drways and windwsills可知，火山灰从天而降，覆盖了门口和窗台。故选A项。
（7）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.managers经理；B.actrs演员；C.turists旅行者；D.residents居民，住户。根据句中buying all the ferry tickets可推知，游客们买票逃离。故选C项。
（8）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.driven驾驶，开车；B.frgt忘记；C.cleaned清理；D.missed错过。根据下文"Fr tw days,I wandered（9）streets awaiting the resumptin f travel可知，作者错过了渡船，被困在了岛山。故选D项。
（9）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.brad宽广的；B.beautiful美丽的，漂亮的；C.empty空的；D.crwded拥挤的。根据上文When（7）began panic,buying all the ferry tickets可知，火山喷发后，很多人都逃离了，所以街上空荡荡的。故选C项。
（10）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.panicked惊慌失措的；B.satisfied满意的；C.relaxed放松的；D.inspired能力卓越的。根据句中wandered"和"feeling prgressively stuck可推知，火山爆发，作者在空荡荡的街道上徘徊，陷入困境，有时会感到惊慌失措。故选A项。
（11）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.ability能力；B.chance机会，时机；C.talent天赋，才能；D.right权利。根据句中fr deeper insight可知，作者认为这是一个更深入了解当地人感受的机会。故选B项。
（12）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.studying学习；B.nticing注意；C.writing写作；D.experiencing体验。根据句中what the lcal peple were feeling可知，作者体验到当地人的感受。故选D项。
（13）A.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.relied n依靠，依赖；B.appealed t对……有吸引力；C.dealt with处理；D.believed in信任。根据句中frm the English wman wh（14）me a bag f ranges frm her garden t the minister f the church wh let me use the bathrm after being trapped at the tp f a muntain可知，困在岛上，作者依靠别人的帮助渡过难关。故选A项。
（14）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.lent借；B.gave给予；C.sent送，寄出；D.sld卖，销售。根据句中上a bag f ranges frm her garden可知，英国妇女给作者吃的。故选B项。
（15）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.upset不高兴的；B.smart聪明的；C.anxius焦虑的；D.grateful感谢的。根据上文frm the English wman wh（14）me a bag f ranges frm her garden t the minister f the church wh let me use the bathrm after being trapped at the tp f a muntain"和句中"the humanity f the peple in La Palma in the face f crisis可知，被困在岛上，作者得到当地人帮助，体验到危机面前人性的光辉，所以心存感激。故选D项。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了西班牙加那利群岛的康伯维哈火山喷发，身为记者的作者被困火山岛，得到当地人帮助，体验到危机面前人性的光芒。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】is practiced
【小题2】f
【小题3】a
【小题4】equally
【小题5】recgnized
【小题6】t build
【小题7】has attracted
【小题8】studying
【小题9】masters
【小题10】that
【解析】（1）is practiced.考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这种武术形式建立在阴阳循环的基础上，出现于17世纪中期的河南省温县，现在全国各地各个年龄段的人都在练习。句中and连接build和practice两个谓语动词，主语是"this wushu frm"，是第三人称单数，根据句意"这种武术形式被全国人练习"可知，此空应填被动语态。这句话是在陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时。故填 is practiced。
（2）f.考查介词。句意：这种武术形式建立在阴阳循环的基础上，出现于17世纪中期的河南省温县，现在全国各地各个年龄段的人都在练习。"peple f all ages"是固定搭配，意为"各个年龄段的人"。故填f。
（3）a.考查冠词。句意：有些人为了身体健康，把太极拳作为一种缓慢而优雅的锻炼方式。句中exercise意为"练习"，是可数名词，此处表示泛指，前面要有冠词修饰，因为slw是辅音音素开头，故填a。
（4）equally.考查副词。句意：其他人则把它作为一项传统的格斗运动研究，既强调快节奏，爆发力强的格斗，也强调更柔和的动作。句中equal修饰动词stressing,副词修饰动词，故填equally。
（5）recgnized.考查过去分词。句意：尽管有不同的风格或流派，所有公认的太极拳形式都是建立在阴阳完美平衡的基础上的，并强调呼吸和气功以增强内力，以及身心的平衡。句中recgnize做frms f Taijiquan的定语，因为太极拳被公认，二者是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填recgnized。
（6）t build.考查动词不定式。句意：尽管有不同的风格或流派，所有公认的太极拳形式都是建立在阴阳完美平衡的基础上的，并强调呼吸和气功以增强内力，以及身心的平衡。句中"强调呼吸和气功"是"为了增强内力"，用动词不定式表目的。故填t build。
（7）has attracted.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这种独特的练习吸引了来自世界各地的人，大约有1到1.5亿人学习太极拳。根据时间状语s far可知，此空填现在完成时，因主语"this unique practice"是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填has attracted。
（8）studying.考查现在分词。句意：到目前为止，这种独特的练习吸引了来自世界各地的人，大约有1到1.5亿人学习太极拳。本句是with的复合结构"with +宾语+宾补"，句中宾语peple和宾补study之间是主动关系，用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填 studying。
（9）masters.考查可数名词的复数。句意：经过几代大师数百年的发展，太极拳仍然是一门活生生的艺术，一门不断发展以满足当今社会人们需求的艺术。"经过几代大师的发展"，大师不止一个。故填masters。
（10）that.考查定语从句。句意：经过几代大师数百年的发展，太极拳仍然是一门活生生的艺术，一门不断发展以满足当今社会人们需求的艺术。根据句意可知，"ne"指代艺术，"that is cntinuusly advancing t meet the needs f peple in tday's sciety"是定语从句缺主语，先行词是ne,指物，是不定代词，故填that。
本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了中国的一种武术--太极拳。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear Gerge,
Hw are yu ding recently？ Having watched a dcumentary film abut museums, I am taking great interest in the museums in Canada.【高分句型一】 I am wndering if yu culd d me a favr.（点明书信目的）
Firstly, culd yu recmmend me a museum that is wrth visiting？（请他推荐一座当地的博物馆） Secndly, I'd like t knw when the museums will pen and hw much I have t pay fr the visit. Lastly, is there anything that I shuld pay special attentin t during the visits？【高分句型二】（询问开放时间、参观费用及其他注意事项）
I am lking frward t yur early reply. （期盼回复）
Best wishes.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一
Having watched a dcumentary film abut museums, I am taking great interest in the museums in Canada.
分析：句子里，现在分词的完成式Having watched a dcumentary film abut museums作原因状语。
翻译：看过一部关于博物馆的纪录片后，我对加拿大的博物馆产生了极大的兴趣。
高分句型二
Lastly, is there anything that I shuld pay special attentin t during the visits？
分析：句子里，代指先行词anything,关系词that引导定语从句I shuld pay special attentin t during the visits？
翻译：最后，在访问期间有什么我需要特别注意的吗？
提纲类写作是近年高考英语书面表达的热点题型，命题人通常以提纲作文的形式考查书信、报道、通知、日记、发言稿、对某人或某物的介绍、欢迎词等。提纲作文的选材范围很广，内容简单易懂，且多是考生熟悉的话题。这类题型的主要特点是要点明确范围具体。但考生也容易受中文提纲的制约，将书面表达变成了翻译，造成语法结构和词汇上的单调，甚至写出结构不完整的句子。
38.【答案】Then ne day I pened my mailbx and fund three hand-addressed envelpes.In penmanship reflecting their ages,frm kids t teens,each girl thanked me fr the pstcards.They expressed their feelings f sadness and depressin in the ntes,hw they had been separated frm friends,what they had dne t be active and hw my messages had cmfrted them in an unsettled time.【高分句型一】（这三封手写信的内容）
I'll treasure these letters shwing the girls' states f mind and cntinue t write t them.Just as my grandmther's pstcard album had preserved mments frm her yuth,I will treat these letters as best gifts.I put them away in a safe place.I had been cnsidering hw my grandmther had accepted the telephne as a new way t keep relatinships.Like her I accepted the girls' preferred means f cmmunicatin and texted my thanks fr their letters.Yet,even as the lckdwns end,I will cntinue t send my grandchildren pstcards because everyne enjys receiving a real letter in the mail.【高分句型二】（作者如何珍藏这些手写信，以及作者将会继续给她们写信）
【解析】本文是一篇人生感悟类文章。作者主要讲述了在不同时期和社会背景下，明信片对于她和祖母的不同意义。
高分句型一
They expressed their feelings f sadness and depressin in the ntes,hw they had been separated frm friends,what they had dne t be active and hw my messages had cmfrted them in an unsettled time.
翻译：他们在留言中表达了自己的悲伤和沮丧之情，他们是如何与朋友分开的，他们做了什么来保持活跃，以及我的留言是如何在这段动荡的时间里安慰了他们。
分析：运用了hw和what引导的宾语从句
高分句型二
Yet,even as the lckdwns end,I will cntinue t send my grandchildren pstcards because everyne enjys receiving a real letter in the mail.
翻译：然而，即使封锁结束，我也会继续给我的孙辈们寄明信片，因为每个人都喜欢收到一封真正的信。
分析：运用了as引导的时间状语从句和because引导的原因状语从句
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
Then ne day I pened my mailbx and fund three hand-addressed envelpes._______
I'll treasure these letters shwing the girls' states f mind and cntinue t write t them._______