专题05 语法无忧 动词我有——2023年中考英语思维导图+必备知识点梳理+精练学案（全国通用版）（原卷版+解析版）

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专题06 语法无忧 时态语态我有




知识点一： 1．对一般现在时考查
【知识梳理1】基本概念;
一般现在时通常表示习惯性的、反复发生的动作。通常与表示频度的副词如 often, sometimes, usually, always, occasionally 等和时间状语如 in the evening, at night, twice a month, every day / week / month / year, on Sundays 等连用。一般现在时可表示主语的特征、能力或状态以及普遍真理。

【知识梳理2】 对主将从现的考查：
在由 when, after, before, until, till, as soon as, the minute / second / moment, the next time 等引导的时间状语中或由 if, so / as long as, once, even if, although, whether…or…, in case, whatever, whenever, wherever 等引导的条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时

时态及形式
用法
例句
常用时间状语
1． 一般现在时
1) 动词be（am/is/are）
2) 行为动词
第三人称单数做主语时，动词用单三，其余用动原（+s/s,x,o,ch,sh+es/辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i+es）
1）表示经常发生的动作或状态
2）表示主语的特征、性格和能力
3）表示客观事实或普遍真理；
4）在时间或条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时
5）用在剧本、新闻标题、动作解说、戏剧描绘中
1）We get up at 6 every morning.
2) She studies very hard.
3) The teacher told us that the earth moves round the sun.
4) I’ll let you know as soon as he telephones me.
5) Here comes the bus.
6）The meeting is at 2:00 p.m.
7)More Teenagers Try Cigarettes.
every day；
once a week；
always/usually/often
/sometimes/seldom/
never；
nowadays......
变化：
1. be动词的变化：
否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 如：----Are you a student?
　　　　 ----Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：-----Where is my book?
-----It is on the table.
2.行为动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。 如：I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。 如：He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。
如：---- Do you often play football?　　 ---- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。 如：---- Does she go to work by bike?
　　 ---- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。 如：How does your father go to work?

知识点二：对一般过去时的考查
【知识梳理1】
基本概念：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词，词组或从句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago, at that time, then, at that moment, yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…), last night (week, month, year…), 一段时间 + ago(several days ago), two days ago, a week ago, three years ago, in 1990, just now, long before, long long ago. 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。

时态及形式
用法
例句
常用时间状语
2.一般过去时
1）动词be（was/were）
2)行为动词的过去式（+ed/+d/双写+ed/改y为i+ed/不规则变化）
1）表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态


2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作
1）I saw him yesterday.
2) He said he wouldn’t come if it rained the next day.
3）I hoped you could give us some help.
4）When I was a boy, I often went to play in that park.
yesterday;
just now;
last year;
three days ago;
in 1998;
when+从句...

构成及变化：
1.规则动词：
1）Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
am 和is在一般过去时中变为was（was not=wasn’t）；are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）；带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
2）行为动词的变化：
否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?
 特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？ 如：   What did Jim do yesterday?
注意：疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？ 如：Who went to home yesterday?
3）规则动词的变化规则：
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，
如：stop-stopped；
4. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied

知识点三：对一般将来时的考查
【知识梳理1】
基本概念：表示将来的动作或状态 . 与时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等连用。
【知识梳理2】
主将从现的考察:
在 由 when, after, before, until, till, as soon as, the minute / second / moment, the next time 等引导的时间状语中或由 if, so / as long as, once, even if, although, whether…or…, in case, whatever, whenever, wherever 等引导的条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
时态及形式
用法
例句
常用时间状语
3.一般将来时
1）shall/will do （shall用于第一人称，美国英语中所有人称都用will）
2)am/is/are going to do

1）表示将要发生的动作或情况

2） 表示一种倾向或习惯性动作

3）表示打算做某事, 表示安排好的事/即将发生的事
1）We shall/will go to Beijing tomorrow.
2) Fish will die without water.
3) I’m going to learn the French.
4) The children are to learn English next week.
tomorrow;
next week;
soon;
tonight;
this evening/weekend
in a few days;
from now on;
when + 从句...
常见结构
1） . “be going to＋动词原形”结构用来表示按照主观意图打算或按计划，安排将要做的事，有“打算、就要”的意思。也常用于表示从迹象上表明将要发生的事情，多指个人主观臆断的推测。
如：Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain. 看这些云，要下雨了。
2）. “shall或will＋动词原形”指对将来事物近期或远期的预见，表达个人主观意图以及征求对方意见或表示客气的邀请。在书面语中，shall多用于第一人称；在口语中，will可以用于任何人称。
如：I shall/will show my photos to you next Monday. 我下周一给你看我的照片。

知识点四：对过去将来时的考查
【知识梳理1】
基本概念：过去将要做的事情。

【知识梳理2】对过去将来时would +do；was/ were +going to do和常见用在过去将来中的谓语动词promised 承诺，predict 预测等的考查。


时态及形式
用法
例句
常用时间状语
4．过去将来时
1）should/would do（用法同一般将来时）

2）was/were going to do

1) 表示过去预计将要发生的动作或存在的状态
2）表示过去习惯性动作


3）表示在过去某一时间对将来的打算

1）He wanted to know when the meeting would begin.
2)Whenever he had time, he would help them in their work.
3) No one knew when he was going to come.
常用在主句是一般过去时后的宾语从句中;

the next day/morning, year…,the following month/week…

知识点五：现在进行时

【知识梳理1】
基本概念：表示说话者说话时正在发生的动作或者目前一段时间内正在进行的动作（但说话时这个动作不一定在进行）

【知识梳理2】
时间状语：now ，right now, at the moment等。常用look！…listen！…等开头，强调某人正在做某事。但很多题目在考察进行时态时没有明确的时间状语，需要学生自己去理解。
一、现在进行时的几种形态变化：
１．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
２．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
３．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+ be + 主语 + 动词ing?
如：What are you doing now?
但疑问词当主语时,即划线部分是主语时,其结构为：疑问词 + be + 动词ing?
如：Who is singing outside the door?

二、动词加ing的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，且是重读闭音节，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，
如：run-running, stop-stopping

时态及形式
用法
例句
常用时间状语
5．现在进行时
1）am/is/are doing
2) 移动动词的现在进行形式表将来（参看一般将来时用法）
3)一般不用于进行时态的动词：
a.表示知觉的动词（see/hear/smell
/taste/notice/feel等）
b.表示态度和情感的动词（believe/agree
/like/hate/want/think等）
c.表示抽象关系或概念的动词（have/depend/seem
/consist/possess等）
1） 表示此时此刻正在进行的动作

2）表示目前这段时间正在进行的动作

3）表示反复出现或习惯性动作（always/constantly）

4）有的动词用于现在进行时表示“逐渐”

5）表示按计划即将发生的动作（参看一般将来时）

1） The boys are reading magazines.

2) What’s he doing this week?

3) The girl is always smiling happily.

4) It’s getting cold.

5) He’s leaving for Beijing.
now
at present
at the moment
these days
this week
look
listen


知识点六：过去进行时

【知识梳理1】
基本概念：表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。
【知识梳理2】
时间状语：this time yesterday；at eleven yesterday morning（具体到过去的某一时间点）at that time等。
【知识梳理3】
常考点：when A did sth. B was doing sth. else.当某人做某事的时候，另一个人正在做另一件事。
6．过去进行时
was/were doing
表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作

1）We were having a meeting at 3 yesterday afternoon.
2) He was reading a novel in the library this morning.
3) He was forever complaining about something.
4) I asked him whether he was coming back for supper.
at that time
yesterday morning
when + 从句


知识点七：现在完成时
【知识梳理1】
基本概念：表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，持续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去，着眼点在现在。
【知识梳理2】时间状语：现在完成时时常与不确定的过去时间状语连用。连用的时间状语都较模糊，如：in/over/during/for the past few years/months/weeks/days, these days, so far, up to now, since, for，ever since, since then, by this time, in / over the past few years, “since + 过去某一时刻”,“for + 时间段”等。
【知识梳理3】
常考点：表示“第几次做某事，”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词＋that” 后面用现在完成时。

7．现在完成时
have/has + 动词过去分词（规则
化同动词过去式/不规则变化单独记忆）
1） 表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果

2）表示过去某时开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态(有可能还会延续下去)，常和表示一段时间的状语连用

1）I haven’t finished my homework yet.
2) He has been ill for 3 days.
3）Shanghai has changed a lot since 1978.
4) It’s been 10 years since they married.

already/ever/just/yet
often/never/always
once/twice/before
so far/up to now
recently
in the past few years
for + 时间段
since +时间点/从句
1. 表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
如Have you read that story？你读过那个故事吗？
（“读”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是：是否知道故事的内容。）
I have bought two apples．我买了两个苹果。
（“买”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的结果是：拥有两个苹果。）
在学习这一概念的同时，还应注意常与现在完成时连用的几个副词：already，just，ever，yet，never等。already，just多用于肯定句中，ever，yet，never多用于疑问句和否定句中。
如： I have already finished my homework．我已经做完家庭作业了。
　 　He has just had his meal．他刚吃过饭。
Have you ever sung this English song？你曾唱过这首英文歌吗？
　　 They haven't started yet．他们还没有动身。
2. 表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
①因为表示的是持续的动作或状态，所以使用的动词通常是延续性动词：be, stay, study, wait, keep, have… 等；
②使用的时间状语通常由for或since 引导，但二者后接的词有所不同：
for后常跟一个时间段，指某个动作到现在为止已持续了多长时间。
如：for three years, for half an hour等。
since后面接一个时间点，如since 1980，也可以接“一段时间+ago”
如: since three years ago, since two months ago等。
since 还可用作连词，引导一个过去时态的时间状语从句。
如：We have known each other since we went to college.
③非延续性动词不能直接和for 或since 连用，但我们可以找一个相应的延续性动词或动词短语来替换这些非延续性动词，
3.过去分词的构成
规则动词：
规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：
⑴、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”
work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited
⑵、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”
lived---lived---lived ,
⑶、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“ ed ”
study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried ,
play---played---played ,stay---stayed---stayed
⑷、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”
stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped
不规则动词：
不规则动词的过去分词要特别牢记，详见不规则动词表
4现在完成时的句式变化
1.肯定句式
　　现在完成时的肯定句式是“have（has）＋done ”。如： 
　　① We have just finished our homework．   ② She has gone home． 
2.疑问句式
　　现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。如： 
　　③ Have you read this story book yet？
　　特殊疑问句及反意疑问句结构如下：
　　④ What have you done with my bike?
　　⑤ You've read this story book, haven't you?
注意：1）现在完成时的一般疑问句往往在句末加yet。
2）把现在完成时的一般疑问句译成汉语时，往往译成“……过吗？”、“已经……了吗？”等。
3）其肯定回答用“Yes，．．．have（has）．”，否定回答用“No，．．．haven't（hasn't）．”，有时用“No，not yet．”或“No，never．”。
3.否定句式
现在完成时的否定句式是“haven't（hasn't）＋过去分词”。如： 
　　⑥ We haven't studied Unit 2 yet．   
⑦ The train hasn't stopped yet．
　　注意：1）现在完成时的否定句句末往往加yet。
2）否定句常译为“还没有……”等。
5常用于现在完成时的时间状语 
除了我们讲过的already, yet, still，just, ever, never, since短语和 for短语外，还有许多时间状语常用于现在完成时，我们要留心将它们和一般过去时的时间状语区分开来： 
1. lately, recently是完成时的时间状语；just now 有a moment ago 之意，是过去时的时间状语。如： 
Have you heard from your family lately/recently?    Did you see Joan just now? 
2. in the past few years 意思是“过去几年来”，常用于完成时中；in the past意思是“在过去”，常用于过去时中。 如： 
  Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past few years. 
 Where did you work in the past? 
3. ever since then与from then on / after that 都有“打那以后”之意，但前者常用于完成时，而后两者常用于过去时。如： 
She's lived here ever since then. 　
I didn't hear of Jim from then on/after that.
4. before 通常用于完成时；...ago通常用于过去时。如：
I have never been to Japan before. She went to Japan two years ago. 
5. so far“到目前为止”， these days“这些天来”也是现在完成时常见的时间状语。如： 
So far, no man has travelled farther than the moon. What have you done these days?
6终止性动词与延缓性动词的用法区别
动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
    1..延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
    表示时间段的短语有:
for+一段时间, 如：for 2 years;
since从句,since he came here;
since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago;
how long; for a long time等。
    例:He has lived here for 6 years. 
You can keep the book for 5 days.
I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. 
How long did you stay there last year?

    2..非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。
非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock;
例:He died 5 years ago.
否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
例:I haven't left here for 3 years. I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks.
3.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：非延续性动词不能直接和for 或since 连用，但我们可以找一个相应的延续性动词或动词短语来替换这些非延续性动词，
如 : come →be, come to →be in / at, go out→ be out, leave →be away,
begin →be on, stop→ be over， buy→ have, borrow→ keep,
open →be open, close →be closed, join →be a member of,   put on→ wear
die →be dead, catch a cold →have a cold, get to know →know,
fall asleep →be asleep, fall ill→ be ill become a teacher →be a teacher,
   finish --- be over,  open sth --- keep sth open, 
例: The old man died 4 years ago. 
----The old man has been dead for 4 years.   
--- It is 4 years since the old man died. 
----Four years has passed since the old man died.      
He joined the Party 2 years ago.  
---He has been in the Party for 2 years.     
I bought the book 5 days ago. 
---- I have had the book for 5 days. 

7、since的四种用法
1) since +过去一个时间点　(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。
　 I have been here since 1989.
My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.　
2) since +一段时间+ ago
　 I have been here since five months ago.
3) since +从句（从句通常用一般过去时，而主句一般用现在完成时）
　Great changes have taken place since you left.
　I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl.　
4) It is （has been）+一段时间+ since从句
　 It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.

知识点八：过去完成时
【知识梳理1】
基本概念：表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。简言之，过去完成时所表示的时间就是“过去的过去”

【知识梳理2】
时间状语：by the time ,for since等
8．过去完成时
had + 动词过去分词

注：在after/before等引导的状语从句中，由于这类词本身能够明确表示先后关系，所以常用一般过去时代替过去完成时。
1） 表示过去某一时间或动作发生以前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”

2）表示动作或状态从过去某一时间以前开始一直延续到这一过去时间

1）I had had my breakfast when he came.
2) By the end of last term, they had learnt 800 English words.
3) He said he had seen the film twice.
4）After he finished his homework, he went to bed.
by the end of
when + 从句
before+ 过去时间

知识点九：被动语态
【知识梳理1】语态的基本概念：
语态是表示句子中主语和谓语动词之间的关系的术语。英语中只有两个语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。

主动语态——动作执行者； 被动语态——动作承受者





例：I have returned the magazines to the library.
The magazines have been returned to the library.
The students cleaned their classroom after school every day.
The classroom is cleaned by the students after school every day.

【知识梳理2】被动语态的构成
教学建议：
1. 被动语态的关键点：be动词的变化
2. 老师师范讲解一般现在时的被动语态构成，然后由学生模仿变化其他时态的被动语态。
1. 被动语态的基本结构： be+动词的过去分词
2. 各种时态的主动、被动语态的结构：
时态
主动语态
被动语态
一般现在时
do/does
am/is/are +done
一般过去时
did
was/were +done
现在进行时
am/is/are +doing
am/is/are +being done
现在完成时
have/has +done
have/has +been done
一般将来时
will/shall/be going to +do
will/shall/be going to +be done
过去进行时
Was/were +doing
was/were+ being done
过去完成时
had + done
had + been done
过去将来时
would/should/be going to+ do
would/should/be going to +be done
含有情态动词
can/may/must +do
can/may/must+ be done


【知识梳理3】主动语态和被动语态的转换

1. 主动语态变为被动语态
① 要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动句中的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。
② 把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格代词变成宾格代词，并由by引导。
③ 谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。
We asked him to sing an English song.
He was asked to sing an English song by us.

主动语态：动作执行者+谓语动词主动形式+动作承受者
被动语态：动作承受者+谓语动词被动形式+动作执行者
批注：主动，主动，主去动；被动，被动，主被动。

2. 带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态
教学建议：
1. 让学生了解什么叫双宾语及宾语补足语并举例说明；
2. 给出具体例句让学生来变成被动。

① 谓语动词带双宾语时，既可以将间接宾语转化成主语，也可以将直接宾语转化成主语；
② 若将间接宾语转化成主语，则保留直接宾语；
③ 若将直接宾语转化成主语则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to 或for；
She gave me a book. (变为被动语态)
I was given a book by her.（间接宾语me改为了主语）
A book was given to me by her.（直接宾语a book改为了主语）
备注：此语法点应多呈现后接双宾语的动词详细讲解并加强练习。如：bring , take ,send ,show 等

3. 动词短语变为被动语态
许多由不及物动词和介词、副词构成的动词短语相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，也可以有被动语态动词短
语是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成动词短语的介词或副词。
We should speak to old men politely.
Old men should be spoken to politely.

4. 带宾语补足语的被动语态
宾语后若有宾补，变被动语态时，只把宾语变为被动句的主语，宾语补足语保留在原处，成为主语补足语。
I heard Jane playing the piano in her room.
Jane was heard playing the piano in her room.

5. 变被动语态后动词形式的选择
主动句中的感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice等，及使役动词let, make, have等后跟省略to的不定式，
变为被动句时，应加上不定式符号to.
He makes the girl stay at home.
The girl is made to stay at home by him.
备注：一感二听三让四看，变被动还原to.


1．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）Li Lei ________ the school bus last Friday.
A．misses B．missed C．was missing D．has missed
2．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）—Your watch is really old.
—Yes, I ________ it since I was six.
A．have B．will have C．have had D．am having
3．（2022·河北·中考真题）Sorry, I ________ a mistake. Let me correct it.
A．will make B．am making C．was making D．have made
4．（2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）Sally ________ with a Chinese family since she came to Dalian.
A．stays B．will stay C．has stayed D．was staying
5．（2022·云南昆明·中考真题）—China’s high-speed railway technology ________ the world now.
—That’s true. It has developed rapidly over the past years.
A．led B．was leading C．is leading D．will lead
6．（2022·云南·中考真题）How time flies! I ________ a senior high school this September.
A．enter B．entered C．will enter D．have entered
7．（2022·甘肃定西·中考真题）We ________ a meeting. Come and join in.
A．were having B．are having C．had D．have been
8．（2022·安徽·中考真题）—What are you saving money for?
—Father’s Day is around the corner. I ________ a gift for my father.
A．am going to buy B．have bought C．bought D．was buying
9．（2022·重庆·中考真题）— Excuse me, what is Nick doing?
— Look! He ________ flowers outside.
A．waters B．watered C．is watering D．has watered
10．（2022·重庆·中考真题）I ________ a party next Saturday. I hope you can come.
A．had B．was having C．have had D．will have
11．（2022·四川遂宁·中考真题）—You dance so well, Alice.
—Thanks. I ________ Chinese dance since I was 5 years old.
A．learn B．learnt C．am learning D．have learnt
12．（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）China ________ nine gold medals at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
A．wins B．is winning C．won D．will win
13．（2022·天津·中考真题）A lot of birds ________ in nature parks every year.
A．protect B．is protected C．are protected D．protected
14．（2022·甘肃定西·中考真题）Paper ________ in ancient China more than 2,000 years ago.
A．invented B．was invented C．invent D．is invented
15．（2022·四川遂宁·中考真题）—More and more high-technology products ________ in China.
—Yes. Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
A．is making B．are making C．is made D．are made
16．（2022·湖北鄂州·中考真题）—Would you like to see the movie Changjin Lake this evening?
—Oh, it’s a good movie. But I _________ it already.
A．saw B．have seen C．see D．will see
17．（2022·江苏南通·中考真题）—Mike, why do you come here so late? The concert ________ since half an hour ago.
—What a pity! No wonder all the singers have left.
A．has ended B．has been on C．has started D．has been over
18．（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）—Hello, Alan. This is Bill. What are you doing now?
—I’m watching a program on TV. It started at 6:30 pm and ________ on for another one hour.
A．has been B．was C．is D．will be
19．（2022·四川四川·中考真题）Tom, you ________ in this city since 2019. What do you think of it?
A．have lived B．live C．lived D．will live
20．（2022·四川达州·中考真题）— Bruce ________ so much in the past two years.
— Yeah, he ________ be shy, but now he is confident and active.
A．has changed; used to B．changed; is used to
C．changed; used to D．has changed; is used to
21．（2022·四川达州·中考真题）—Who is playing the piano in the music room? Is it Mary?
—No, it ________ be her. She has ________ to Beijing on business.
A．couldn’t; been B．can’t; gone C．can’t; been D．mustn’t; gone
22．（2022·江苏南京·中考真题）There __________ still some apple juice in the fridge. It’s not necessary for us to go to the supermarket now.
A．was B．were C．is D．are
23．（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）UNICEF, part of the United Nations, ________ in Europe in 1946 after World War II.
A．set up B．was set up C．took up D．was taken up
24．（2022·湖北鄂州·中考真题）— The Law on Family Education Promotion (家庭教育促进法) _________ on Oct. 23, 2021.
— Yeah! It came into effect (生效) on Jan. 1, 2022.
A．passes B．was passed C．passed D．pass
25．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）—Many DIY cards ________ to mothers on Mother’s Day every year.
—How creative!
A．is sending B．are sending C．is sent D．are sent
26．（2022·湖北十堰·中考真题）The Youth Sports Center on Zixiao Road ________ last year.
A．built B．was built C．has built D．was building
27．（2022·河北·中考真题）—Mmm…Delicious. What is it?
—It ________ zongzi, Tony. It’s a traditional food in China.
A．calls B．is called C．called D．was called
28．（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）—I hear that you took part in a forest clean-up activity last Sunday.
—Yes, it ________ by our school green club to protect forests.
A．organizes B．organized C．was organized D．will be organized
29．（2022·云南昆明·中考真题）The tea in Yunnan is so famous that it ________ to places across the world every day.
A．sends B．sent C．is sent D．will be sent
30．（2022·重庆·中考真题）His guitar ________ as a gift for him last week.
A．buys B．is bought C．bought D．was bought
31．（2022·重庆·中考真题）Last year, a new old people’s home ________ in our community.
A．builds B．built C．is built D．was built
32．（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world today.
A．learns B．learned C．was learned D．is learned
33．（2022·江苏南京·中考真题）It's said that an Asian Culture Village__________ inside the AYG Village in Nanjing in the coming Asian Youth Games period.
A．builds B．is building C．will be built D．was built
34．（2021·贵州黔西·中考真题）—More trees need to be planted in the northwest of China
—Yes. With enough trees, sandstorms（沙尘暴）could ________.
A．protect B．be protected C．stop D．be stopped
35．（2021·江苏镇江·中考真题）More dinosaur fossils(化石), including footprints, bones or eggs, could ________ in the future.
A．discover B．be discovered C．have discovered D．be discovering
36．（2022·西藏·中考真题）— What were you doing ________ your mother was cooking dinner?
— I was doing my homework.
A．what B．before C．after D．while
37．（2022·江西·中考真题）Mr. Smith created a new game. Soon all his students ________ rules to play it.
A．teach B．taught C．are taught D．were taught
38．（2021·四川资阳·中考真题）Tianwen 1 ________ into space last year and landed successfully on Mars recently.
A．sent B．is sent C．was sent D．had sent
39．（2021·江苏徐州·中考真题）The 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhou in September 2022. I can’t wait!
A．were held B．will be held C．have held D．are held
40．（2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）In the year of 2020, each of us ________ by the people like Zhong Nanshan and Li Lanjuan who taught us how to fight against the difficulties in life with a strong will.
A．were greatly encouraged B．greatly encourages
C．greatly encouraged D．was greatly encouraged