高中英语高考2022届外研版（2019）高中英语一轮复习课堂练习25 ：选择性必修2 Unit 1　Growing up Word版含解析

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选择性必修第二册　Unit 1　Growing up

A组·基础巩固

Ⅰ. 语法填空

A

(2020·吉林辽源联考)Lucy looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh­faced and full of life. Lucy is looking forward to the challenge of her new A­level course. But unlike school friends, 16­year­old Lucy is not spending half­term 1. ________ (rest). Instead, she is earning $6，500 a day as 2. ________ model in New York.

Lucy 3. ________ (tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the new year. Her father wants her to give up school to model full­time. But Lucy, 4. ________ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 5. ________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty, so she is determined to carry on with her 6. ________ (educate)．

She has turned down several 7. ________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate 8. ________ her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full­time before going to university to get a degree in engineering or architecture.

Lucy says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school comes first. I don't want to get too 9. ________ (absorb) in modelling. It is 10. ________ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model any more.”

【语篇解读】年仅十六岁的露西在模特界崭露头角，但当规划自己的未来时，露西做出了自己的选择。

1. resting　考查非谓语动词。spend time (in) doing sth.是一个固定短语，意为“花费时间做某事”，故填resting。

2. a　考查冠词。model是可数名词，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且model以辅音音素开头，故填a。

3. was told/has been told　考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，主语Lucy和tell之间是被动关系，告知的行为已经发生了，可用一般过去时的被动语态。亦或强调被告知的信息给露西带来的影响，可用现在完成时的被动语态。故填was told/has been told。

4. who　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是Lucy，指人，设空处在从句中充当主语，故填who。

5. to prove　考查非谓语动词。want to do sth. 是固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，故填to prove。

6. education　考查词性转换。设空前有形容词性物主代词her，因此设空处要用名词，此处表示“教育”，故填education。

7. invitations　考查名词的单复数。设空处前为several, invitation意为“(口头或书面的)邀请”时，为可数名词，此处要用复数形式，故填invitations。

8. on　考查介词。concentrate on sth.是固定短语，意为“专注于某事”，故填on。

9. absorbed　考查词性转换。get absorbed in为固定短语，意为“专心致志于”，故填absorbed。

10. certainly　考查词性转换。分析句子可知设空后的fun是形容词，应用副词来修饰，故填certainly。

B

Happiness is like a small stone 1. ________ (drop) into a pool to cause a circle of ripples. 2. ________ Stevenson has said, being happy is a duty. There is no exact definition of the word “happiness”. Happy people are happy

3. ________ all sorts of reasons. The key is not wealth or physical well­being, since we find 4. ________ (home) people, disabled people and so­called losers are extremely happy.

Being happy is a sort of unexpected gain. But staying happy is 5. ________ accomplishment, a success of soul and character. Actually it is not selfish to strive for it. It is, indeed, a duty to ourselves and others.

Being unhappy is like an infectious disease. It causes people 6. ________ (stay) away from the sufferer. He soon finds himself alone. There is, however, a cure for it: if you don't feel happy, pretend to be.

It works. Before long you will find that instead of repelling people, you attract them. You will discover 7. ________ deeply rewarding it is to be the centre of wider and wider circles of good will. Then the make­believe becomes a 8. ________ (real). You become really happy.

Being happy, once it is recognised as a duty and develops into a habit, 9. ________ (open) doors into amazing gardens which are full of 10. ________ (thank) friends.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了幸福、快乐的定义。

1. dropped　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，drop在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语stone构成被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填dropped。

2. As　考查连接词。此处为方式状语从句，表示“正如”，应用as，句首字母要大写。故填As。

3. for　考查介词。be happy for表示“为……而感到高兴”，为固定短语。故填for。

4. homeless　考查形容词。修饰下文中的名词people，应用形容词homeless。故填homeless。

5. an　考查冠词。accomplishment为可数名词，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，且accomplishment为以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。

6. to stay　考查非谓语动词。cause sb. to do sth.表示“使某人做某事；导致某人做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to stay。

7. how　考查连接词。此处为感叹句，感叹后文副词deeply应用how。故填how。

8. reality　考查名词。根据上文中的冠词a可知应填单数名词。故填reality。

9. opens　考查主谓一致。本句主语为Being happy，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填opens。

10. thankful　考查形容词。修饰下文中的名词friends，应用形容词thankful，表示“感激的”。故填thankful。

Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子

1. 玛丽违反了校规，那就是为什么她正在受校长的惩罚。(why)

Mary broke the school rules. That is why she is being punished by the headmaster．

2. 噪音似乎是从楼下传过来的。(as if)

It seems as if the noise comes from downstairs.

3. 你童年的经历会影响你在社会上生存的方式。(the way)

The experiences in your childhood will influence the way you survive in society．

4. 邻居们把自己的空闲时间用于帮助他人重建家园。(devote... to...)

Neighbours devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild homes.

B组·能力提升

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

There's no place like home. This English saying has much truth in it: the best place to be is surrounded by our treasured possessions and our loved ones and with a roof over our head. And for many young adults, it's the only affordable place to stay; somewhere where they can receive first­class service from mum and dad. But this comes at a price!

In some countries, it's quite traditional for people in their late teens and early 20s to live at home with their parents, but in other places, flying the nest to start their own independent life is very desirable. But there's been a growing trend, in the UK at least, for young people to return home to live — or not to leave home at all.

A survey by a price comparison website found that 18% of adult children in the UK said they were moving back home because of debt, compared with 8% last year. More young people had lost their jobs, and others couldn't afford their rent compared with the previous year. So, it's easy to see why they're increasingly becoming home birds.

The BBC's Lucy Hooker explains that many returning adult children enjoy home comforts. But for the “hoteliers”， that's mum and dad. The survey found the average cost to them has gone up sharply, and that they are sacrificing luxuries and holidays to look after their “big kids”. Emma Craig from Money supermarket says “They're trying to look after their children more. If your child comes home and you see them struggling financially, you feel more awkward asking them for rent or to contribute. It tugs on your heartstrings more.”

With parents splashing out around ￡1，886 on takeaway food, buying new furniture and upgrading their Wi­Fi for the benefit of their offspring, it's easy for the returning children to put their feet up and make themselves at home. That's before they learn a home truth — that one day it might be their own kids who'll be checking into the hotel of mum and dad!

1. Which proverb might present the young British's living conditions?

A. A lazy youth, an awful age.

B. East or west, home is best.

C. Two heads are better than one.

D. Nothing comes wrong to a hungry man.

2. Which might be the reason for the increase of home birds?

A. The popularity of living independently.

B. Looking after their old parents.

C. The increase of unemployment rate.

D. Their parents' financial offer.

3. What's Emma Craig's attitude towards home birds?

A. Doubtful.  B. Uncertain.  C. Objective.  D. Understandable.

4. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A. Returning to live with parents comes at a price.

B. Parents are willing to receive their returning children.

C. Flying the net is becoming popular at present.

D. Home birds take it for granted to live with their parents.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了现在很多英国年轻人喜欢回家和父母一起居住的现象以及其背后的原因。

1. B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“There's no place like home. This English saying has much truth in it”可知，对英国的年轻人来说合适的谚语是：金窝银窝不如自己的草窝。只有选项B中的home可与文中的home呼应。故选B。

2. C　细节理解题。根据第三段中“More young people had lost their jobs, and others couldn't afford their rent compared with the previous year.”可知，失业率增加是越来越多的年轻人喜欢回家住的原因之一。故选C。

3. D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Emma Craig说的话“If your child comes home and you see them struggling financially, you feel more awkward asking them for rent or to contribute.”可知， Emma Craig对回家的孩子的态度是可以理解的。故选D。

4. A　段落大意题。根据第一段中的“But this comes at a price！”及最后一段内容可知，和父母一起生活是有代价的。故选A。

B

According to a new study, teens focus on rewards and have a hard time learning to avoid punishment or consider the consequences of alternative actions.

University College London researchers compared how teens and adults learn to make choices based on the available information. They tracked the way in which 18 volunteers aged 12－17 and 20 volunteers aged 18－32 completed tasks in which they had to choose between abstract symbols.

Each symbol was consistently associated with a fixed chance of a reward, punishment, or no outcome. As the trial progressed, participants learned which symbols were likely to lead to each outcome and adjusted their choices accordingly. Teens and adults were equally good at learning to choose symbols associated with reward, but teens were less good at avoiding symbols associated with punishment. Adults also performed significantly better when they were told what would have happened if they had chosen the other symbol after each choice, while teens did not appear to take this information into account.

“From this experimental lab study we can draw conclusions about learning during the teen years. We find that teens and adults learn in different ways, something that might be relevant to education，” said lead author Dr Stefano Palminteri. “Unlike adults, teens are not so good at learning to adjust their choices to avoid punishment. This suggests that incentive (激励) systems based on reward rather than punishment may be more effective for this age group. Additionally, we found that teens did not learn from being shown what would have happened if they made alternative choices.”

To interpret the results, the researchers developed computational models of learning and ran simulations (模拟) applying them to the results of the study. The first was a simple model, one that learned from rewards, and the second model added to this by also learning from the option that was not chosen. The third model was the most complete and took the full context into account, with equal weight given to punishment avoidance and reward seeking. For example, obtaining no outcome rather than losing a point is weighted equally to gaining a point rather than having no outcome.

Comparing the experimental data to the models the team found that teens' behaviour followed the simple reward­based model while adults'  behaviour matched the complete, contextual model. “Our study suggests that teens are more receptive to rewards than they are to punishments of equal value，” said senior author Dr Sarah­Jayne Blakemore. “As a result, it may be useful for parents and teachers to frame things in more positive terms.”

5. It can be learned from the study that ________．

A. adults made choices faster than teens

B. adults understood rewards better than teens

C. teens reacted better to reward than punishment

D. teens were aware of the outcome of each choice

6. What do we know about the three computational models?

A. They reflected people's strong desire for punishment avoidance.

B. They gave circumstances different degrees of consideration.

C. They paid equal attention to reward and punishment.

D. They shaped the behaviour of people at different ages.

7. The underlined word “receptive” in the last paragraph probably means ________ ．

A. accustomed  B. opposed  C. sympathetic  D. responsive

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新研究，研究表明青少年专注于奖励，很难学会避免惩罚或者考虑其他行为的后果。

5. C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Our study suggests that teens are more receptive to rewards than they are to punishments of equal value”可知，这个研究表明青少年对于同等价值的奖励和惩罚，更容易接受奖励而不是惩罚，意在表明青少年对于奖励的反应比惩罚好。故选C。

6. B　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The first was a simple model, one that learned from rewards, ... with equal weight given to punishment avoidance and reward seeking.”可知，第一种是简单的模型，从奖励中学习，第二种模型是从未被选择的选项中学习，第三种模型是最完整的，它考虑了完整的环境，对惩罚规避和奖励寻求给予了同等的权重。这部分语境意在表示三个模型给予环境不同程度的考虑。故选B。

7. D　词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Our study suggests that teens are more receptive to rewards than they are to punishments of equal value”可知，青少年对于奖励的反应比惩罚好。responsive意为“反应积极的”。故选D。

Ⅱ. 完形填空

I work as a waiter at a hotel. Last night an elderly white, seemingly   1   couple came into the restaurant and my co­worker   2   them. We usually do our own   3  ， but we were so busy last night that we helped each other out. At one point the elderly couple   4   to me that they were ready to order. I usually find it   5   when people make their order in such a high­sounding manner, but once I   6   their order I understood why.

The husband began ordering and started stuttering (口吃). It was   7   that he had a speech disorder. I could tell the wife had told her husband very   8   what she wanted as a way for him to practise speaking. It took some time for him to order and   9   she was sitting there and she looked so   10   despite her husband's frequent stuttering.

The whole thing brought me to tears, making me realise that a huge part of love is acceptance, tolerance and support. She   11  have made the order and made things much easier for her husband and avoid the stares from other tables, but she didn't.   12   she supported him and was   13   to see him complete the order. I assumed these wealthy people had everything going well for them. But it just   14   me that all of us have our problems. I   15   took their gesture of wanting to order as bad manners, but they did it because he really wanted to get the order right. What a true love!

1. A. confident  B. wealthy  C. ordinary  D. energetic

2. A. hugged  B. supported  C. seated  D. waved

3. A. tables  B. cleaning  C. favour  D. dishes

4. A. signalled  B. whistled  C. explained  D. applied

5. A. risky  B. absurd  C. rude  D. difficult

6. A. delivered  B. glanced  C. changed  D. took

7. A. important  B. well­known  C. unlikely  D. evident

8. A. particularly  B. frankly  C. casually  D. regularly

9. A. at times  B. of course  C. by accident  D. in the meantime

10. A. content  B. nervous  C. aggressive  D. awkward

11. A. must  B. needn't  C. could  D. should

12. A. Rather  B. Otherwise  C. Instead  D. Therefore

13. A. determined  B. bound  C. proud  D. encouraged

14. A. warned  B. hurt  C. inspired  D. reminded

15. A. initially  B. secretly  C. naturally  D. generally

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了身为服务员的作者一次在餐厅接待一对看起来很富有的老夫妻，最初作者觉得他们示意点餐的方式很粗鲁，最后发现这是因为妻子为了锻炼口吃的丈夫而采取的训练方式。这件事让作者明白，爱很大一部分是接纳、包容和扶持，也让作者意识到其实每个人都有不顺心的事。

1. B　根据最后一段中的“these wealthy people had everything going well”可知，这对夫妻看起来很富有。故选B。

2. C　老夫妻来吃饭，同事为他们安排了座位。此处seat表示“领……就座”。故选C。

3. A　根据上文中的“I work as a waiter at a hotel.”可知，作者是服务员，因此此处是指他们负责自己的那几桌(tables)客人。故选A。

4. A　根据下文中的“that they were ready to order”可知，那对老夫妻向作者示意，他们准备点菜了。此处signal表示“打手势，示意”。故选A。

5. C　根据下文中的“took... as bad manners”可知，作者认为客人以如此高调的方式点餐是不礼貌的。故选C。

6. D　结合下文中的“their order I understood why”可知，作者接受了他们的点餐才明白他们为什么要这么高调。故选D。

7. D　根据上文提到的“丈夫点餐结巴”可知，很明显他说话有障碍。故选D。

8. A　根据下文中的“what she wanted as a way for him to practise speaking”可知，妻子之前就明确地告诉了丈夫自己想吃什么，只是想让丈夫来点餐，作为一种练习说话的方式。故选A。

9. D　丈夫在一边结结巴巴点餐的期间，老太太一直在旁边看着丈夫。in the meantime相当于 meanwhile，表示“在此期间，同时”。故选D。

10. A　根据上文可知妻子是特意让丈夫点餐来练习说话的，因此虽然丈夫说话结巴，但是她却很满意。故选A。

11. C　could have done sth. 表示“本来可以做某事(却没有做)”。故选C。

12. C　句意：但是相反(instead)她支持丈夫点菜，并且很自豪地看到他点完餐。故选C。

13. C　根据上文中的“she supported him”可知，妻子支持丈夫，因此看到他完成了点餐妻子也感到自豪。故选C。

14. D　根据下文中的“all of us have our problems”可知，老夫妻点菜的事情提醒了(reminded)作者每个人都有自己不顺心的事情。故选D。

15. A　根据下文中的“took their gesture of wanting to order as bad manners”可知，作者最初(initially)觉得他们那么示意点菜是很粗鲁的。故选A。