2022-2023学年天津市河北区高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年天津市河北区高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

河北区2022-2023学年度第一学期期末高二年级质量检测
英语
第一部分：听力(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Which season is it probably now?
A. Summer. B. Autumn. C. Winter.
2. What colour is the woman’s horse?
A. Brown. B. White. C. Black.
3. How much money was left?
A. £10. B. £20. C. £40.
4. What does the woman like about birdwatching?
A. Listening to songs.
B. Getting close to nature.
C. Observing birds.
5. What does the man’s mother probably want him to be?
A. An artist. B. A biologist. C. A programmer.
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至8题。
6. How old is the woman now?
A. 49. B. 52. C. 55.
7. How does the woman feel when skateboarding?
A. Excited and peaceful.
B. Nervous and frightened.
C. Embarrassed and scared.
8. What is the woman’s attitude towards life?
A. Indifferent. B. Negative. C. Positive
听下面一段对话，回答第9至11题。
9. What makes Ethan worried?
A No idea for his paper.
B. Teenagers’ addiction to smartphones.
C. Functions of his smartphone.
10. Which topic will Ethan probably choose?
A. The high-speed trains.
B. The development of the Internet.
C. The popularity of smartphones.
11. How will Ethan remember the inspiration?
A. By taking it down in his notebook.
B. By recording a voice memo on his phone.
C. By sending a message to his computer.
听下面一段独白，回答第12至15题。
12 Why was the spring of this year memorable for the speaker?
A. He found a job.
B. He helped serve the homeless for the first time.
C. He had a coming-of-age ceremony.
13. What is the speaker’s task?
A. Setting tables.
B. Emptying the room.
C. Arranging seats for the homeless.
14. What did the speaker do to the old man?
A. He gave the old man a warm smile.
B. He chatted with the old man.
C. He stared at the old man.
15. How did the speaker feel at the end of the activity?
A. Content. B. Tired. C. Scare
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：单项填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. — Excuse me, sir. Is there a post office nearby?
— ______. The nearest one is at least fifty minutes’ walk from here.
A. I’m not sure B. That’s all right
C. That depends D. I’m afraid not
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——打扰一下，先生，请问附近有邮局吗？——恐怕没有。最近的邮局离这儿至少要走五十分钟。A. I’m not sure我不确定；B. That’s all right没关系；C. That depends看情况；D. I’m afraid not恐怕没有。结合句意，最近的邮局要走五十分钟才能到，所以附近没有邮局。D项表示对提问的否定，且用语礼貌。故选D项。
2. — Shall we meet at 9 o’clock tomorrow morning?
— Sorry, I ______ my driving test then. How about 3:30 in the afternoon?
A. take B. am taking
C. would take D. will be taking
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——我们明天上午九点见面可以吗？——不好意思，那时我在考驾照。下午三点半怎么样？句中有时态关键词then表示上文提到的“明天早上九点”，即将来的一个时间点；下文说话人表示在将来的这个时间点上正在考驾照，需要用将来进行时will be doing。故选D项。
3. It has become a big issue that many teens ______ their parents’ credit card on games or other online activities.
A. max out B. pop up C. refer to D. switch on
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：许多青少年在游戏或其他在线活动上透支父母的信用卡，这已经成为一个大问题。A. max out透支、（信用卡）刷爆；B. pop up出现；C. refer to参考、提到；D. switch on打开。结合空后“their parents’ credit card on games or other online activities”可知，青少年是用了他们父母的信用卡上网玩游戏。A项“透支”符合句意，且透支信用卡确实是一个大问题，符合文意。故选A项。
4. As a soldier, he showed selfless ______ to his country.
A. occupation B. devotion C. conclusion D. intention
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名军人，他对他的国家表现出了无私的奉献。A. occupation职业；B. devotion奉献；C. conclusion结论；D. intention意图。形容词selfless后应填名词，结合汉语“ to his country”可知，是对他国家的奉献。抽象名词devotion符合题意，故选B。
5. The new book store turned into a place, ______ literature-loving members could get together and enjoyed themselves.
A. when B. how C. where D. which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：新书店变成了一个地方，在这里，爱好文学的会员可以聚在一起，开心的度过。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a place；从句中不缺主、宾、表、定语，故需要用关系副词where表地点。故选C项。
6. I am all ______ trying to find ways to save money.
A. in honor of B. in favour of
C. in place of D. in terms of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我完全赞同尽力找到省钱的方法。A. in honor of 为了对……表示敬意；B. in favour of 赞成,支持；C. in place of 替代；D. in terms of 就……而言。根据“find ways to save money.”可知，我是赞同的。故选B。
7. After the natural disaster, food aid was ______ needed.
A. urgently B. gently C. rarely D. literally
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：自然灾害过后，急需粮食援助。A. urgently急迫地；B. gently温柔地；C. rarely很少地；D. literally 照字面地。结合句意和常识可知，自然灾害过后，粮食紧缺，所以粮食援助是急切地被需要。故选A项。
8. Before the project in 2021, over 100 students ______ to stop using social media for seven days.
A. persuaded B. were persuaded
C. have persuaded D. had been persuaded
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：在2021年的该项目实施之前，已有100多名学生被说服在7天内停止使用社交媒体。分析可知，设空处为谓语，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语Before the project in 2021可知事情在过去已经完成，应用过去完成时，故选D。
9. — Hello. ______ I speak to John?
— I’m sorry, you ______ have the wrong number. There’s no one here by that name.
A. Will; can B. Shall; need C. May; must D. Could; would
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：-你好,我可以和约翰讲话吗? -对不起，你一定打错电话了。这里没有叫那个名字的人。“May I speak to sb.?”是打电话时的常用语，may表示委婉的请求许可。Will/shall表示将来的助动词；could可以表示委婉的请求许可。根据句意可知，下文考查情态动词表示“猜测”之意；can与must表示猜测，can意为“可能”，must意为“一定”，表示十分有把握的猜测，根据There’s no one here by that name.可知，此处表示有把握的肯定猜测；would/need不表示猜测。故选C。
10. Thirty-three passages have been built under the railway, ______ the animals to move safely and freely in their natural habitat.
A. allow B. to allow C. allowing D. being allow
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：车轨下建了三十三条通道，目的是能让这些动物在自然栖息地安全自由地通行。分析句子成分，句子主语为Thirty-three passages，谓语动词为have been built，故空处需要用非谓语动词的形式，排除A项；结合句意可知，建通道的目的是能够让这些野生动物在自然栖息地安全自由地通行，后文需要表目的，故需要用to do不定式。故选B项。
第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从26~45各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Draper was the owner of a secondhand bookstore. One day, when he was sorting through a pile of old books, an envelope fell ____11____ one. Inside was an undated ____12____ and a faded photo of a woman holding a little girl on her lap. The letter said if Bethany was ____13____ it, it meant the author had died.
Tears were welling up in Draper’s eyes. These were a ____14____ woman’s last words to her child. He had to ____15____ Bethany. “Whoever it is will want this,” he thought. “You wouldn’t ____16____ a letter like that.”
He supposed if the ____17____ ended up in his shop then Bethany was likely from around Bishop Auckland. And he thought he would ____18____ the little girl’s face. ____19____ she’d since left the area, there might be someone in the town who would recognize the picture.
He started with the local newspaper. The Northern Echo ran the story of the _____20_____ letter.
_____21_____, Bethany Gash, now 21 and a(n) _____22_____ herself, was on Facebook about 10 miles away when a close friend messaged her to check out the _____23_____. As she read her mother’s _____24_____, which she thought had been lost forever, she said she thought she must be _____25_____.
Bethany was only 4 when her mother _____26_____. Five years later, her family moved to a new home and the letter, put away in the pages of a book for safe keeping, was unintentionally _____27_____.
She remembered unpacking and looking for the letter, and then _____28_____ searching through everything in the hope that it was there. “That’s when I realized it was gone and I’d never see it again,” she said.
Draper _____29_____ the letter in person. He also brought her a children’s book for her son. Bethany was greatly moved to have the letter back, and also touched by the stranger’s _____30_____.
11. A. in B. on C. down D. from
12. A. message B. email C. postcard D. letter
13. A. reading B. destroying C. forgetting D. copying
14. A. determined B. steely C. selfish D. dying
15. A. find B. introduce C. phone D. comfort
16. A. tear up B. throw away C. cut up D. pull out
17. A. book B. girl C. reporter D. news
18. A. prefer B. appreciate C. imagine D. recognize
19. A. As if B. Even if C. Now that D. If only
20. A. wet B. cruel C. lost D. broken
21. A. However B. Therefore C. Meanwhile D. Otherwise
22. A. mother B. editor C. daughter D. assistant
23. A. ticket B. magazine C. homework D. article
24. A. tenses B. terms C. words D. languages
25. A. writing B. dreaming C. joking D. playing
26. A. came back B. died out C. passed away D. calmed down
27. A. burned B. donated C. dirtied D. robbed
28. A. madly B. suddenly C. secretly D. regularly
29. A. kept B. composed C. delivered D. published
30. A. expectation B. carelessness C. kindness D. intelligence
【答案】11. D 12. D 13. A 14. D 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. C 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇短文介绍Draper意外地得到一位去世母亲临终前给女儿留的一封信，通过报纸的报道找到了这个女儿，并将信归还给了她。
【11题详解】
考查介词辨析。句意：一天，当他整理一堆旧书时，一个信封从其中掉了出来。A. in在……里；B. on在……上；C. down下面；D. from从……中。由上文“through a pile of old books”和下文“one”可知，旧书很多，信从一本书里掉出来，D项“从……中”符合句意。故选D项。
【12题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：里面是一封没有注明日期的信和一张褪色的照片，照片上一个女人把一个小女孩抱在腿上。A. message信息；B. email电子邮件；C. postcard明信片；D. letter书信。根据下文“The letter said”可知，此处应该是一封信，故选D项。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：信中说，当Bethany读这封信的时候，这意味着作者去世了。A. reading读；B. destroying破坏；C. forgetting忘记；D. copying复制。结合常识，当一个人拿到一封信时，第一反应肯定是读信。故选A项。
【14题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些是一个将死的女人留给她的孩子的最后的话。A. determined坚决的；B. steely强硬的；C. selfish自私的；D. dying临终的。根据上文“it meant the author had died.”可知，这是一位将死的女人留下的。故选D项。
【15题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他必须找到Bethany。A. find找到；B. introduce介绍；C. phone打电话；D. comfort安慰。根据上文提到是Draper意外得到这封信，看到信中的内容，作者感觉到自己必须要找到Bethany，帮忙物归原主。故选A项。
【16题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：你不会把这样一封信扔掉的。A. tear up撕碎；B. throw away扔掉；C. cut up剪掉；D. pull out拔出来。根据语境推理，这样让人难过的一封信，谁得到也不会扔掉。故选B项。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他认为如果这本书出现在他的商店，那么Bethany很可能来自奥克兰毕肖普。A. book书；B. girl女孩；C. reporter记者；D. news新闻。根据上文提到Draper在整理旧书时无意中发现的这封信。由此推测，如果这本书在他家书店，那么这个小女孩也一定来自相同的城市。故选A项。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他觉得他能认出小女孩的脸。A. prefer喜欢；B. appreciate欣赏、感激；C. imagine想象；D. recognize认出。结合语境可知，书店老板认为，他如果见到了Bethany，应该能够通过照片认出来。故选D项。
【19题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：即使她已经离开了这个地区，镇上可能会有人认出这张照片。A. As if似乎、好像；B. Even if即使；C. Now that既然；D. If only要是……就好了。根据分句之间的逻辑关系可知，即使小女孩离开了，镇上的人也可能会认出那张照片里的小女孩是谁。Even if引导让步状语从句，符合文内逻辑。故选B项。
20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：《北方回声报》报道了这封丢失的信件的故事。A. wet潮湿的；B. cruel残忍的；C. lost丢失的；D. broken破碎的。根据上文可知，这封信被店主捡到，所以是丢失的信。故选C项。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，21岁的Bethany Gash自己也是一位母亲，她正在大约10英里用Facebook这个社交软件上网，她的一位密友给她发信息，让她查看这篇文章。A. However然而；B. Therefore所以；C. Meanwhile与此同时；D. Otherwise否则。根据下文“when a close friend messaged her to check out the article.”可知，上文是想表达，当她的朋友找到她的时候，Bethany在干什么；C项Meanwhile“与此同时”符合句意。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，21岁的Bethany Gash自己也是一位母亲，她正在大约10英里用Facebook这个社交软件上网，她的一位密友给她发信息，让她查看这篇文章。A. mother母亲；B. editor编辑；C. daughter女儿；D. assistant助手。根据文中最后“brought her a children’s book for her son”可知，Bethany Gash现在是一位母亲。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，21岁的Bethany Gash自己也是一位母亲，她正在大约10英里外用Facebook上网，她的一位密友给她发信息，让她查看这篇文章。A. ticket票；B. magazine杂志；C. homework作业；D. article文章。根据上文提到报纸上有报道这封信的事情，所以推知此处表示朋友让Bethany Gash看报纸上的文章。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她读着母亲的遗书，她以为这封遗书已经永远消失了，她说她觉得自己一定是在做梦。A. tenses时态；B. terms条件；C. words话语，言语；D. languages语言。结合文章可知，Bethany看到了母亲临终前给她写的信；表示信上的文字可以用words表达。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她读着母亲的遗书，她以为这些遗书已经永远消失了，她说她觉得自己一定是在做梦。A. writing写；B. dreaming做梦；C. joking开玩笑；D. playing玩。根据上半句她以为这些遗书已经永远消失了，可知当看到这封遗书时，觉得自己像做梦一样。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Bethany母亲去世时，她只有4岁。A. came back回来；B. died out灭绝；C. passed away去世；D. calmed down冷静下来。结合前文可知，母亲写这封信的时候，照片里Bethany还是个小女孩，由此可以推测出，母亲去世的时候，Bethany只有四岁。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：五年后，她的家人搬到了新家，为了安全起见，这封信被放在一本书的书页里，无意中被捐赠了。A. burned烧毁；B. donated捐赠；C. dirtied弄脏；D. robbed抢劫。结合文意，Draper是书店老板，偶然间在一堆旧书中发现了这封信，由此可以推测出，书是被Bethany的家人捐给了书店。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她记得她打开箱子去找那封信，然后疯狂地翻遍了所有东西，希望它就在那里。A. madly疯狂地；B. suddenly突然；C. secretly秘密地；D. regularly有规律地。根据语境可知这封信对Bethany很重要，推知她会疯狂的寻找这封信。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Draper把这封信归还给了Bethany Gash。A. kept保持；B. composed构成；C. delivered送达、送还；D. published发表。根据下句“He also brought her a children’s book for her son.”可知，与此同时，他还给她的孩子一本书，可知此处他把信送还给了Bethany Gash，并给她的孩子一本书。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gash收到信后非常感动，也被陌生人的善良感动了。A. expectation期待；B. carelessness粗心；C. kindness善良；D. intelligence智慧。结合全文，Draper想尽办法把这封信物归原主，圆了Bethany一个心愿，是一个很善良的举动。故选C项。
第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Still seeking a destination for your weekend break? There are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your college.
King's Art Centre
A day at the Centre could mean a visit to an exhibition of the work of one of the most interesting contemporary artists on show anywhere. This weekend tees the opening of an exhibition of four local artists.
You could attend a class teaching you how to 'learn from the masters' or get more creative with paint ---- free of charge.
The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.
The Botanic Garden
The Garden has over 8,000 plant species; it holds the research and teaching collection of living plants for Cambridge University.
The multi-branched Torch Aloe here is impressive. The African plant produces red flowers above blue-green leaves, and is not one to miss.
Get to the display house to see Dionaea muscipula, a plant more commonly known as the Venus Flytrap that feeds on insects and other small animals.
The Garden is also a place for wildlife-enthusiasts. Look for grass snakes in the lake. A snake called 'Hissing Sid' is regularly seen lying in the heat of the warm sun.
Byron's Pool
Many stories surround Lord Byron's time as a student of Cambridge University, Arriving in 1805, he wrote a letter complaining that it was a place of "mess and drunkenness". However, it seems as though Byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly enough. I'm not just talking about the pet bear he kept in his roans. He spent a great deal of time walking in the village.
It is also said that on occasion Byron swam naked by moonlight in the lake, which is now known as Byron's Pool. A couple of miles past Grantchester in the south Cambridgeshire countryside, the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the fields. The cries of invisible birds make the trip a lovely experience and on the way home you can drop into the village for afternoon tea. If you don't trust me, then perhaps you’ll take it from Virginia Woolf- ----over a century after Byron, she reportedly took a trip to swim in the same pool.
31. As mentioned in the passage, there is a small charge for_____.
A. attending the masters' class B. working with local artists
C. learning life drawing D. seeing an exhibition
32. "Torch Aloe" and "Venus Flytrap" are_____.
A. common insects B. impressive plants
C. rarely-seen snakes D. wildlife-enthusiasts
33. We can infer from the passage that Byron seemed_____.
A. to fear pet bears B. to like walking
C. to be a heavy drinker D. to finish university in 1805
34. In the passage Byron's Pool is described as a lake_____.
A. surrounded by fields
B. owned by Lord Byron
C. located in Grantchester
D. discovered by Virginia Woolf
35. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Some places for weekend break
B. A way to become creative in art.
C. The colourful life in the countryside.
D. Unknown stories of Cambridge University.
【答案】31. C 32. B 33. B 34. A 35. A
【解析】
【分析】本文属于应用文。文章中提供了三则广告，让大学生的周末假期过得有意义，提供给了大学生们休闲的地方．
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一则广告的The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.可知该中心还开办了两个生活绘画班，收费很低。故可知学习写生需要一些费用。选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二则广告的第二段的The multi-branched Torch Aloe here is impressive.可知“Torch Aloe”是“Venus Flytrap”给人印象深刻的植物。选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。由倒数第二段的He spent a great deal of time walking in the village一句可知Byron喜欢散步。选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段第二句中的…the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the field可知Byron’s Pool是被田包围的湖。选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。由根据文章首句"Still seeking a destination for your weekend break？There are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your college．(还在为你的周末假期寻找一个目的地吗？也许有些地方离你的大学只有一步之遥)"可知，这三则广告都是提供给大学生周末休闲的。选A。

B
My family moved into our home nine years ago. We spent a lot of time and energy in the yard to get it looking like the way it does today. In front of the house, the rocks appear to be just thrown up onto the dirt as if someone were in a hurry to finish. We called this area our “rock garden”. Denise and I would also plant some flowers between the rocks, just to bring some color to the area.
Last summer I found, in the rock garden, a tiny little plant that I could not immediately identify. I knew I didn’t plant it and Denise said she didn’t either. We decided to let it continue growing until we could figure out what it was.
Weeks passed and as I made my way back to the strange plant, it appeared to be a sunflower. It looked thin and tall with only one head on it. I decided to baby it along and weed(除杂草)around it. As I pulled rocks from the area to get to the weeds, I noticed something unusual. The sunflower had not started where I saw it begin. It actually had begun under a big rock and grown under and around it to reach the sun.
That’s when I realized that if a tiny little sunflower didn’t allow a big rock to stand in its way of developing, we too have the ability to do the same thing. Once we believe in ourselves like that little sunflower, we can attain the same nourishment(养分)for growth as well.
Stand tall like the sunflower and be proud of who and what we are, then the environment will begin to support us. We will find a way to go under or around any “rocks” in order to achieve our goals.
36. What can we know from the first paragraph?
A. The author finished building his house hurriedly.
B. The family has lived in this house for 9 years.
C. The author’s house is made of rocks.
D. The family don’t like gardening.
37. The author let the tiny plant continue growing to ______.
A. see how long it could live
B. see how big it could grow
C. find out what it actually was
D. know if his wife had planted it
38. The author found it unusual that ______.
A. the strange plant turned out to be the sunflower
B. the sunflower grew under and around a big rock
C. the sunflower had only one head on it
D. the sunflower was very thin and tall
39. Which of the following can best describe the sunflower?
A. Confident. B. Devoted. C. Delicate. D. Modest.
40. We can conclude from the passage that ______.
A. rocks cannot prevent us from success
B. the sunflowers are able to grow everywhere
C. we should take good care of the rock gardens
D. we can get over difficulties if we trust ourselves
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者发现家里的一株向日葵生在石头下，却绕过石头生长出来。由此感悟到，只要相信自己的能力，我们就能成功。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句话“My family moved into our home nine years ago.(我的家人九年前搬进了我们家)”可知，作者一家在这所房子已经生活了9年。故选B项。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句话“We decided to let it continue growing until we could figure out what it was.(我们决定让它继续生长，直到我们弄清楚它是什么)”可知，作者他们让它继续生长，是想弄清楚它是什么。故选C项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“As I pulled rocks from the area to get to the weeds, I noticed something unusual. The sunflower had not started where I saw it begin. It actually had begun under a big rock and grown under and around it to reach the sun.(当我从这片区域取出石头去除草时，我注意到一些不寻常的事情。向日葵并不是从我看到的地方开始生长的。实际上，它是从一块大石头下面开始生长的，然后在石头下面和周围生长，以便见到阳光)”可知，作者发现不寻常的是这棵向日葵生长在一块大石头的下面和周围。故选B项。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句“Once we believe in ourselves like that little sunflower, we can attain the same nourishment for growth as well.(一旦我们像那棵小向日葵一样相信自己，我们也能获得同样的滋养来成长)”可以推论出，那棵向日葵是很自信的。故选A项。
【40题详解】
主旨大意题。根据作者讲述的向日葵的故事，特别是文章第四段的最后一句“Once we believe in ourselves like that little sunflower, we can attain the same nourishment for growth as well.(一旦我们像那棵小向日葵一样相信自己，我们也能获得同样的滋养来成长)”和最后一段“Stand tall like the sunflower and be proud of who and what we are, then the environment will begin to support us. We will find a way to go under or around any “rocks” in order to achieve our goals.(像向日葵一样昂首挺立，为自己感到自豪，那么环境就会开始支持我们。为了实现我们的目标，我们会找到一种方法，从任何‘岩石’下面或周围钻过去)”我们可以得出结论：如果我们相信自己，就能克服困难。故选D项。
C
Children are becoming addicted to social media for their sense of self-worth, a major study warned. It found many youngsters measure their status by public approval they get online, often through “likes”. Some change their conduct in real life to improve their image online.
The research into youngsters aged from 8 to 12 was carried out by Children’s Commissioner(专员)Anne Longfield. She said social media firms were exposing children to major psychological risks, with some youngsters starting secondary school ill-equipped to deal with the huge pressure they faced online. Youngsters felt their friendships could be at risk if they didn’t respond to social media posts quickly and around the clock.
Children aged 8 to 10 were “starting to feel happy” when others liked their posts. However, those in the 10 to 12 age group were “concerned with how many people like their posts”, indicating their need for social recognition gets stronger as they become older.
Children tended to compare themselves to others online. “Then there is this push to connect—if offline, will you miss out, will you show you don’t care about those you are following, all come together in a huge way at once.” Miss Longfield said, “For children it’s very difficult to handle.”
The research—involving eight groups of 32 children aged 8 to 12—suggested that as they grew, they became increasingly anxious online. Children as young as 8 were using social media platforms largely for fun. When they started secondary school, they became more conscious of their image online and felt more pressure to ensure popularity of their posts.
However, they still didn’t know how to deal with mean-spirited(刻薄的)jokes, or the possible sense of inability if compared with celebrities or more brilliant friends online. They also faced pressure to respond to messages at all hours of the day.
Schools and parents must do more to prepare children for the emotional minefield(雷区). Social media companies must “take more responsibility” and monitor websites better or adjust their websites to the needs of youngsters. It’s also hugely important for parents to know which apps their children are using.
41. What may account for children’s addiction to social media?
A. To get their status recognized.
B. To reduce psychological risks.
C. To change their conduct in real life.
D. To deal with huge emotional pressure.
42. How was the research conducted?
A. It covered children of all ages.
B. It sought assistance from parents.
C. It was sponsored by social media companies.
D. It divided children into groups and compared them.
43. While becoming older, children have a tendency to ______.
A. switch off social media platforms
B. pick up more anxiety and pressure
C. become less conscious of their image online
D. develop skills to deal with mean-spirited jokes
44. Children’s comparing themselves to others online may lead to ______.
A. less friendliness to each other
B an increase in online cheating
C. lower self-identity and confidence
D. a stronger desire to share with their parents
45. What should parents do to solve the problem?
A. Communicate more with secondary schools.
B. Urge media companies to create safer apps.
C. Keep track of children’s use of social media.
D. Forbid their children from visiting the web.
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了8到12岁使用社交软件的孩子们面临的很多压力，作者分析了其原因并提出了相应建议。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“Children are becoming addicted to social media for their sense of self-worth, a major study warned. It found many youngsters measure their status by public approval they get online, often through “likes”(一项大型研究警告称，孩子们正因为自我价值感而沉迷于社交媒体。调查发现，许多年轻人通过在网上获得的公众认可来衡量自己的地位，通常是通过“点赞”来衡量)”可知，孩子们沉迷于社交网络的原因是使自己的社会地位被认可。故选A项。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The research into youngsters aged from 8 to 12 was carried out by Children’s Commissioner Anne Longfield(这项针对8至12岁青少年的调查是由儿童专员安妮·朗菲尔德开展的)”和文章第三段“Children aged 8 to 10 were “starting to feel happy” when others liked their posts. However, those in the 10 to 12 age group were “concerned with how many people like their posts”, indicating their need for social recognition gets stronger as they become older(8到10岁的孩子在别人点赞他们的帖子时“开始感到高兴”。然而，10至12岁年龄组的人“关心有多少人喜欢他们的帖子”，这表明随着年龄的增长，他们对社会认可的需求越来越强烈)”以及第五段“The research—involving eight groups of 32 children aged 8 to 12—suggested that as they grew, they became increasingly anxious online(这项涉及8组32名8至12岁儿童的研究表明，随着他们的成长，他们在网上变得越来越焦虑)”可以推断出研究采用的是分组比较的方法。故选D项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“The research—involving eight groups of 32 children aged 8 to 12—suggested that as they grew, they became increasingly anxious online. Children as young as 8 were using social media platforms largely for fun. When they started secondary school, they became more conscious of their image online and felt more pressure to ensure popularity of their posts(这项涉及8组32名8至12岁儿童的研究表明，随着他们的成长，他们在网上变得越来越焦虑。年仅8岁的儿童使用社交媒体平台主要是为了娱乐。上中学后，她们更加注重自己的网络形象，也更有压力要确保自己的帖子受欢迎)”可知，随着年龄的增大，孩子们对于社交媒体的焦虑感和压力会与日俱增。故选B项。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。文章第四段“Children tended to compare themselves to others online. “Then there is this push to connect—if offline, will you miss out, will you show you don’t care about those you are following, all come together in a huge way at once.” Miss Longfield said, “For children it’s very difficult to handle(孩子们倾向于在网上和别人比较。“还有一种联系的冲动——如果离线，你会错过吗？你会表现出你不在乎你关注的人吗？所有这些都会以一种巨大的方式同时聚集在一起。”朗菲尔德小姐说：“对孩子来说，这很难处理”)”和文章第六段“However, they still didn’t know how to deal with mean-spirited jokes, or the possible sense of inability if compared with celebrities or more brilliant friends online(然而，他们仍然不知道如何应对刻薄的笑话，或者与网上的名人或更聪明的朋友相比可能产生的无能感)”表明孩子们在网上与其他人比较会降低他们的自我认同感和自信心。故选C项。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It’s also hugely important for parents to know which apps their children are using(对于父母来说，了解孩子在使用哪些应用程序也非常重要)”可知，父母需要了解孩子在使用什么应用程序，所以应该时刻跟踪了解孩子对于社交应用程序的使用。故选C项。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分25分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
“Every life is a boat, the dream is the boat sail.” Every child has a dream of what they want to be. When Renee Butts was little, her dream was to become a volunteer firefighter because her father was one. Sadly, when she was 14, her beloved father died and she was never able to do volunteer work with him. However, Renee’s story didn’t end there. She was determined and never gave up, which makes for a good firefighter.
Now Renee is a member of the Carmel Fire Department, where she is required to be an Emergency Medical Technician. She should also be ready to deal with any emergency, like fighting a fire, dealing with a car accident or helping someone who’s sick. Sometimes she is in the driver’s seat or using the water pump. Renee works nine to eleven days a month on 24-hour shifts. She also has a family to care for, as her husband is also a busy firefighter. Dealing with housework and working so much can show her great determination.
When I asked Renee what the best part of her job was, she replied, “Helping people and saving lives.” I think that shows signs of being a true hero. She’s always willing to do anything for anyone in need. Renee says that her job is frightening at times, but extremely exciting. “The worst part of my job is that I see death. Actually, sometimes people die in the accident, for which I am very sorry.” With 140 people in her station, Renee is one of the only three women, but that doesn’t bother her. She says everyone can get a fair shot and do the same jobs.
I was inspired by this because I knew I would be very scared to do her job and didn’t know if I could handle seeing people die. We would never live without people like her who have the courage to risk their lives. Renee’s determination rubs off on me and makes me believe that I can do anything.
46. What’s Renee’s job in the Carmel Fire Department? (no more than 5 words)
_________________________________________________________________
47. How does Renee feel about her job? (no more than 5 words)
_________________________________________________________________
48. Why does the author think Renee Butts is a true hero? (no more than 15 words)
_________________________________________________________________
49. How do you understand the underlined part in Paragraph 3?(no more than 5 words)
_________________________________________________________________
50. What do you think of Renee? Please give your reasons. (no more than 25 words)
_________________________________________________________________
【答案】46. An Emergency Medical Technician.
47. Frightening but extremely exciting.
48. Because Renee is always willing to do anything for anyone in need.
49. Have the equal opportunity.
50. I think Renee is selfless and willing to sacrifice everything to help others because she is a determined firefighter who enjoys saving lives.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了卡梅尔消防局的一名紧急医疗技术员蕾妮的故事，她的决心、无私和乐观的态度感染着作者，帮助作者相信自己。
【46题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Now Renee is a member of the Carmel Fire Department, where she is required to be an Emergency Medical Technician.(现在蕾妮是卡梅尔消防部门的一员，在那里她被要求成为一名紧急医疗技术员)”可知，蕾妮的工作是一名紧急医疗技术员。故答案为An Emergency Medical Technician.
【47题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“Renee says that her job is frightening at times, but extremely exciting.(蕾妮说，她的工作有时令人害怕，但又非常令人兴奋)”可知，蕾妮认为她的工作既令人害怕，又令人兴奋。故答案为Frightening but extremely exciting.
【48题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“When I asked Renee what the best part of her job was, she replied, “Helping people and saving lives.” I think that shows signs of being a true hero. She’s always willing to do anything for anyone in need.(当我问蕾妮她工作中最棒的部分是什么时，她回答说：“帮助别人，拯救生命。”我认为这是成为真正英雄的标志。她总是愿意为任何有需要的人做任何事)”可知，作者认为蕾妮是一个真正的英雄是因为她愿意为任何有需要的人付出一切。故答案为Because Renee is always willing to do anything for anyone in need.
【49题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据划线词上文“With 140 people in her station, Renee is one of the only three women, but that doesn’t bother her.(蕾妮所在的消防局有一百四十人，她是仅有的三位女性之一，但这并不困扰她)”可知，蕾妮所在的消防局男女比例极其不平衡，大多数人可能会觉得消防局这个系统很不公平，但对于蕾妮来说，这并不是一个困扰。结合划线词下文“ do the same jobs.(做同样的工作)”可推知，蕾妮所在的消防局里，每个人都能得到公平的机会，做同样的工作。由此可知，划线词组get a fair shot意为“获得公平的机会”。故答案为Have the equal opportunity.。
【50题详解】
考查开放性试题。言之有理，积极向上，注意字数限制。根据文章第一段“She was determined and never gave up, which makes for a good firefighter.(她有决心，从不放弃，这是一名优秀消防员的品质)”可知，蕾妮是一个有决心、不易放弃的人；根据文章第二段“She should also be ready to deal with any emergency,(她还应该准备好应对任何紧急情况)”可知，蕾妮的应急处突能力非常强；根据文章第三段“When I asked Renee what the best part of her job was, she replied, “Helping people and saving lives.” I think that shows signs of being a true hero. She’s always willing to do anything for anyone in need.(当我问蕾妮她工作中最棒的部分是什么时，她回答说：“帮助别人，拯救生命。”我认为这是成为真正英雄的标志。她总是愿意为任何有需要的人做任何事)”可知，蕾妮乐于助人，无私奉献。故答案为I think Renee is selfless and willing to sacrifice everything to help others because she is a determined firefighter who enjoys saving lives.
第二节：书面表达(满分15分)
51. 我们经常会在学习和生活中遇到很多挑战或困难。请写一篇记叙文，描述一次你面临挑战或困难的经历，要点如下：
(1)你遇到的挑战或困难；
(2)你应对挑战或困难的方法和最终结果；
(3)你从中吸取的经验或教训。
注意：(1)词数不少于100；
(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Like any other English learner, I met a lot of difficulties in learning English.
First, I found it difficult to understand what I read because most English words have more than one meaning. Besides, I found it difficult to write in idiomatic English or put Chinese into idiomatic English.
But I didn’t lose heart in removing these obstacles. I tackled English vocabulary in two ways. First, I tried to understand and memorize the specific meaning of a word that appeared in the context. Second, I enlarged my vocabulary by learning the dictionary by heart. In this way, I have made great progress in English.
As long as the method is right, we can overcome any difficulty in our study.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于记叙文。要求考生描述学习和生活中遇到挑战或困难，应对困难的方法和结果以及从中吸取的经验或教训。
【详解】1.词汇积累
困难的：difficult→tough
此外：besides→what’s more
去除：remove→get rid of
只要：as long as→on condition that
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Like any other English learner, I met a lot of difficulties in learning English.
拓展句：Like any other English learner, I met a lot of difficulties when I was learning English.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First, I found it difficult to understand what I read because most English words have more than one meaning.（运用了what引导的宾语从句和because引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】First, I tried to understand and memorize the specific meaning of a word that appeared in the context.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句）