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2022-2023学年山东省临沂市沂水县高二上学期期中英语试卷（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年山东省临沂市沂水县高二上学期期中英语试卷（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年山东省临沂市沂水县高二（上）期中英语试卷
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Four winter wonderlands for cold-weather getaways
◆ JW Marriott The Rosseau Muskoka
Beat any holiday stress with the new HydroSpa opening at Muskoka's JW Marriott on Nov.
1. The outdoor water entertainment will be open year-round，offering multiple ways to relax in-cluding sea-salt floating pools and hot bathtubs.
Stays from ﹩349/night
◆Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel
This historic inn in Niagara Falls offers multiple ways to relax.There's Winterfest，meals enjoyed in dining domes（穹顶） housed in the inn's private square，and the Alpine Club offer-ing roasted nuts and wine around a fire pit.The property will host its annual holiday market on Nov.26.
Stays from ﹩249/night
◆ Dromoland Castle
If you're going to go big—and further away—for New Year's，you may as well go black tie.This grand estate in western Ireland is offering a three-night celebration package，beginning either Dec.30 or 31.The event on New Year's Eve includes a cocktail reception and six-course dinner.Guests will have access to various activities on the property's 450 acres including hun-ting and farming.
Stays from ﹩2，051/night
◆ St.Regis Aspen
Along with access to many ski options，the hotel's guests can expect family-friendly fun during the week leading up to Dec.25.Santa's Workshop is a craft room where attendees can make everything from toys to gifts by hand.Additional sessions cover winter cooking and house decorating.
Stays from US ﹩899/night
（1）How often is the holiday market open in Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel？ ______
A. Daily. B. Weekly. C. Monthly. D. Yearly.
2. What activities can you enjoy if you stay at St.Regis Aspen？ ______
A. DIY. B. Floating. C. Skating. D. Hunting.
3. Which may offer life experience in the countryside？ ______
A. St.Regis Aspen. B. Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel.
C. Dromoland Castle. D. JW Marriott The Rosseau Muskoka.
B
Even when we depend on technology for help but then，so did Thoreau at Walden Pond.
Walking in the same woods yesterday，I let myself wander at random，communing with nature.
I took in beautiful scenery near and far thanks to my progressive-lens eyeglasses.Occasionally I'd pull out my smartphone to take pictures on anything interesting.I recorded an inner monologue（独白） with a background of all sounds of the forest.At times，I consulted my smart watch to check on my heartbeat，mileage and calorie burn.Eventually I realized I was quite lost.Not a problem of course.Online maps came to my rescue.
But something bothered me.In what I'd intended as a nature experience，here I was using very high technology to help myself out.This insight set off a reconsideration of everything that happened during my"nature walk，"which had been technologically enhanced every step of the way.I'd been functioning as a man-machine combination：a cyborg.
What would the true naturalist Thoreau think of that？My first thought was that he'd be shocked.But later I did some research.Thoreau enjoyed what his spyglass discovered，like this eagle from his journal：
Lying on the ground with my glass，I could watch him very easily …till I almost lost him in the clouds…I think I have got the worth of my glass now that it has revealed to me the white-headed eagle.
Famously，Thoreau always set out equipped with a walking stick，which he used not only for support but also to take measurements of water and snow levels.His hat was also a tool，which he called his"botany-box." And he was prepared even with needles and thread，so when coming out of the woods，he was"the best dressed." Clearly，Thoreau was a bit of a cyborg himself.
Thinking more deeply，I realized we've come a long way from our hunter-gatherer ancestors，who walked from necessity and relied on nature's gift.Cyborgs are us.
4. What does the underlined part "communing with nature"probably mean in paragraph 1？ ______
A. Enjoying the nature in a quiet peaceful way.
B. Searching for wild animals and birds.
C. Wandering in nature with high-tech equipment.
D. Singing and dancing happily in nature.
5. What is the purpose of the text？ ______
A. To recommend Thoreau's book Walden Pond.
B. To argue that humans have developed into cyborgs.
C. To share the reflections on man's reliance on nature.
D. To question whether people are technology-dependent.
6. Which picture best illustrates a cyborg in the author's eye？ ______
A. A B. B C. C D. D
7. Why does the author quote Thoreau's journal？ ______
A. To prove that even naturalists use technology.
B. To introduce a literary work on nature.
C. To describe the natural beauty Thoreau enjoyed.
D. To explain how to prepare for a nature walk.
C
Being highly connected to a strong social network has its benefits.Now a new study is showing the same goes for trees，thanks to their underground neighbors.The study is the first to show that the growth of adult trees is linked to their participation in fungal（真菌） networks living in the forest soil.Though past research has focused on young trees，these findings give new insight into the importance of fungal networks to older trees—which are more environmentally beneficial for functions like capturing carbon.
"Large trees make up the main part of the forest，so they drive what the forest is doing，"said researcher Joseph Birch，who led the study.When they live in the forest soil，fungal net-works act as a sort of highway，allowing water，nutrients and compounds to flow back and forth among the trees.The network also helps nutrients flow to resource-limited trees like family units that support one another in times of stress.
Cores（核心） taken from 350 Douglas firs（花旗松） showed that annual tree ring growth was related to the extent of fungal connections a tree had with other trees.They had much higher growth than that had only a few connections.The research also showed that trees with more connections to many unique fungi had much greater growth than those with only one or two connections."If you have this network that is helping trees grow faster，that helps capture more carbon year after year.These networks may help trees grow more steadily even as conditions be-come more stressful，and could even help protect them against death." said Birch.
Birch hopes his findings lead to further studies in different kinds of forests in other geo-graphical areas，because it's likely that the connections among trees change from year to year.
He said，"Knowing whether fungal networks are operating the same way in other tree species could inform how we reforest areas after harvesting them，and inform how we plant trees to pre-serve these networks."
8. In what way do the new findings differ from the previous ones？ ______
A. They demonstrate a new way to capture carbon.
B. They confirm the benefits of fungal networks.
C. They clarify misunderstandings of fungal networks.
D. They reveal the value of fungal networks to adult trees.
9. How do fungal networks help trees？ ______
A. By fighting against diseases.
B. By bettering forest soil conditions.
C. By acting as the center of family units.
D. By maintaining the balance of resources.
10. What does the underlined word"those"refer to in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. Tree rings. B. Cores from firs.
C. Douglas firs. D. Fungal networks.
11. What can be inferred from Joseph Birch's words in the last paragraph？ ______
A. The fungal networks support one another in times of stress.
B. The fungal networks enable us to know more about reforestation.
C. The findings can apply to different kinds of forests in other geographical areas.
D. The networks will help trees grow steadily if conditions become more stressful.
D
When it comes to work，workers，and jobs，much of the concern of the modern age boils down to the fear that we're witnessing the final stage of the game，and that there will be nowhere for humans to withdraw（撤退） as machines take over the last few tasks.The most recent example comes from the use of artificial intelligence （AI）.Is there no area of human experience that can't be replaced by AI？And if not，what is left for humans to do except the tasks involved in taking care of the machines？
At the heart of this concern is our desire for good jobs - jobs that make the most of workers' natural abilities and where the work provides the worker with motivation and work-life balance.More importantly，good jobs support workers in learning by doing - and，in so doing，deliver benefits on three levels：to the worker，who gains in personal development and job satisfaction；to the organization，which improves as employees find new problems to solve and opportunities to pursue；and to the community as a whole，which harvests the economic benefits of hosting positive organizations and workers.This is what makes good jobs productive for the organization，as well as engaging and fulfilling for the worker.
Does the ongoing advance of AI threaten to get rid of all the learning，creativity，and meaning that make a job a good job？Certainly，some have blamed technology for just such a result.Headlines today often express concern over technological innovation（革新）resulting in bad jobs for humans，or even the complete disappearance of certain professions.Some fear that further technology advancement in the workplace will result in jobs where employees are being asked to work in split times or for longer periods over more days.
The problem here isn't the technology；rather，it's the way the technology is used - and，more than that，the way people think about using it.
12. What is the passage mainly about？ ______
A. How to take care of the AI machines.
B. The relations among work，workers，and jobs.
C. The human's fears in the age of AI.
D. Human experiences were replaced by AI.
13. What jobs are supposed to be good according to the passage？ ______
A. Those that mainly have the economic benefits.
B. The ones that offer chances to progress professionally.
C. Those that make full use of workers' motivation.
D. The ones that don't bring new problems to workers.
14. How do news media respond to the development of AI？ ______
A. Negative. B. Supportive. C. Objective. D. Indifferent.
15. What will the author probably talk about next？
A. The future jobs humans will do. ______
B. The possible application of AI in the future.
C. The ways that humans do jobs.
D. The proper attitude towards AI.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Workplace communication skills can either help your career，or they can stop it dead in its tracks.For leaders，effective communication can motivate teams， (1) For independent contributors，communication skills can earn opportunities that get them closer to their goals—or they can affect promotions and limit career growth.
We may know communication is important，but employees at all levels make ongoing mistakes that make their work lives harder. (2)
Start with your attitude
Words are only a piece of the communication puzzle.If your body language is poor，or you avoid eye contact，your coworkers may assume you're not very interested in speaking to them. (3)
To communicate more effectively at work，your first action item is checking your attitude.Are you fully present during every interaction (4)
Approaching every conversation with openness and your undivided attention enhances the quality of workplace communication.
Show，don't always tell
(5) The next time you' re considering sending out a list of detailed instructions，consider showing your team how to complete the task by doing it in front of them first.
Visuals like images and video not only enhance and speed comprehension，they can also add levity and humor to workplace communication.Use short video clips and screenshots to ex-plain complex tasks and problems—and the occasional meme to make everyone laugh.
A.Here are 2 ways to communicate more effectively at work.
B.while poor communication can push good employees out the door.
C.If a picture's worth a thousand words，a demo may be worth a million.
D.and make things like taking polls during team meetings a regular practice.
E.Misunderstandings at work are usually the byproduct of communication breakdowns.
F.or do you allow other priorities to get in the way of connecting with people in real-time？
G.The same goes for paying more attention to your laptop or phone than the conversation at hand.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
Many animals move from one place to another at certain times of the year.This(21)movement is called migration（迁徙）.They migrate to(22)food，or in search of warmer weather.One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly.
Every(23)，millions of these beautiful insects with fine black and orange wings begin a long and(24)journey.Somehow they manage to(25)around 4，000 kilometres(26)and find their way to California or Mexico.(27)，until recently no one knew how they did this.
A team of scientists led by Professor Eli Shlizerman at the University of Washington has now found the(28).They have found out that the monarch is able to(29)the time of day.It uses its eyes to measure the(30)of the sun.These two pieces of information allow the(31)to determine the way to go.(32)，it manages to reach where it will spend the winter.
The solution to the mystery of the monarch's amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.Its(33)has crashed by as much as 90 per cent in the last few years.(34)，human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.The research on the monarch's(35)has however led to a greater awareness of this creature.
21. A. annual B. monthly C. daily D. unusual
22. A. buy B. find C. send D. drop
23. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter
24. A. easy B. disappointing C. exciting D. difficult
25. A. travel B. run C. drive D. crawl
26. A. north B. south C. east D. west
27. A. Soon B. Therefore C. However D. Besides
28. A. habitat B. problem C. way D. answer
29. A. adapt B. adjust C. tell D. memorize
30. A. size B. position C. heat D. color
31. A. scientist B. professor C. flight D. butterfly
32. A. Eventually B. Immediately C. Frequently D. Obviously
33. A. consumption B. income C. population D. output
34. A. Hopefully B. Sadly C. Usually D. Gradually
35. A. eyes B. wings C. determination D. behaviour
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Legend has (1) that tofu was discovered by a health-conscious Chinese prince named Liu An more than 2，000 years ago when he was making an elixir （丹药）.He realized that soy milk left in certain conditions coagulated （凝固） and developed a pudding-like substance and that was the beginning of tofu.
It's (2) （ universal） believed that Buddhist monks visiting China brought tofu back to neighbouring countries like Japan.
(3) East Asia has been eating tofu for more than 1，000 years，it took a lot longer for it to catch on globally.Benjamin Franklin，one of the United State's founding fathers，wrote a letter (4) some soy beans attached while he was in London，praising it as a "Chinese cheese" in 1770.The letter was one of the earliest documents on record (5) mentioned tofu in the West.Li Shizeng， (6) enthusiast for tofu，is often credited with making tofu a more widely accepted food outside of Asia.It's said that he was first sent by the Chinese government to attend a French military school.He ended up (7) （ study） at the agricultural school in Montargis and were (8) （ passion） about promoting tofu in France.
Nowadays，tofu (9) （ serve） in a modern way.In many fine dining restaurants，the tasting menu is designed around its textures.The dishes and ingredients change according to the seasons.For example，in one of the restaurants，the current menu starts with the texture "Silken"， (10) （ represent） by tofu.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，你校英语报下周将举办题为"The Scientist I Admire Most"的英语征文比赛。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
（1）人物事迹介绍：从钱学森、袁隆平、林巧稚、屠呦呦中任选一位；
（2）崇拜的理由；
注意：
（1）词数80左右。
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The Scientist I Admire Most__________________
38. New Beginnings My sister and I weren't exactly what you would call close.I was three years younger，and I thought she walked on water.Everything she did was perfect，and I wanted to be just like her when I grew up.If she wore her hair in twin braids with a pink clip one day，the next day I wore mine exactly the same way.I used to follow her and her friends around，begging to be included，but there isn't much room in a thirteen-year-old's life for a annoying ten-year-old sister.As a result，over time，my worship of her became indifference.We were strangers living in the same house，eating together but never communicating.
So when she sat me down last year and told me she'd be going to Israel to study abroad for ten months，I wasn't too concerned.I figured I would get to wear the clothes she left behind and use her CD player.That was the only way I thought her leaving would affect me.
That first night after she left，I sat in my room and tried to do homework.I couldn't shake the feeling that something was wrong，something was missing.The house was too quiet.No Tova's CD player and no Tova's voice giggling on the phone with her friends.Sitting there，I realized just how different it was without her in the house.Even though we didn't always speak，I had felt safe just knowing she was near.
I cried that night.I cried over all the years we had wasted trying to live our own lives and ignoring each other's.I cried that I couldn't even give her a hug before she boarded her plane.But as the night wore on，my tears changed to tears of calm，tears of new beginnings.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I picked up the phone and called her halfway across the world.____________
Finally she spoke.________________________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel这一部分The property will host its annual holiday market on Nov.26.（该酒店将于11月26日举办一年一度的假日市场。）可知，Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel的假日市场一年举办一次。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。由St.Regis Aspen这一部分Santa's Workshop is a craft room where attendees can make everything from toys to gifts by hand.（圣诞老人的工作室是一个工艺室，参加者可以手工制作从玩具到礼物的所有东西。）可知，在St.Regis Aspen里，参加者可以手工制作自己喜欢的东西。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。由Dromoland Castle这一部分Guests will have access to various activities on the property's 450 acres including hunting and farming.（客人将可以在这酒店450英亩的地域里参加各种活动，包括狩猎和农业。）可知，游客可以在Dromoland Castle里体验乡村生活。故选C。
本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个冬季避寒胜地。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】A、B、C、A
【解析】（1）词句猜测题。根据第一段Even when we depend on technology for help-but then，so did Thoreau at Walden Pond. （即使在与自然交流时，我们依靠技术获得帮助，但当时在瓦尔登湖，梭罗也是如此。）及第二段Walking in the same woods yesterday，I let myself wander at random，communing with nature.（昨天走在同一片树林里，我让自己随意漫步，与大自然交流。）可知，划线词组"communing with nature"指的是"在独自平静享受自然的时刻"。A.Enjoying the nature in a quiet peaceful way以宁静宁静的方式享受自然；B.Searching for wild animals and birds寻找野生动物和鸟类；C.Wandering in nature with high-tech equipment带着高科技设备在大自然中漫步；D.Singing and dancing happily in nature在大自然中快乐地唱歌跳舞。故选A。
（2）写作目的题。根据第一段Even when communing with nature we depend on technology for help — but then，so did Thoreau （梭罗） at Walden Pond （瓦尔登湖）.（即使在与自然交流时，我们也依赖技术来帮助--但是，沃尔登湖的梭罗也是如此。）可知，我们都是依赖技术的，自然学家梭罗也是如此；再根据最后一段Thinking more deeply，I realized we've come a long way from our hunter-gatherer ancestors，who walked from necessity and relied on nature's gift.Cyborgs are us.（更深入地思考，我意识到我们已经从狩猎采集的祖先那里走了很长一段路，他们从需要出发，依靠大自然的恩赐。半机械人就是我们。）可知，本文的目的是为了说明人类已经进化为半机械人。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段This insight set off a reconsideration of everything that happened during my "nature walk"，which had been technologically enhanced every step of the way.I'd been functioning as a man-machine combination：a cyborg. （这一见解引发了我对"自然漫步"中发生的一切的重新思考，"自然漫步"的每一步都得到了技术的强化。我一直扮演着人机结合的角色：一个半机械人。）可知，作者眼中的半机械人应该是人机结合，选项C的图片中即有人又有机器，符合题意。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据第五段But later I did some research.Thoreau enjoyed what his spyglass discovered，like this eagle from his journal（但后来我做了一些研究。梭罗喜欢望远镜的发现，就像日记里的这只鹰。）和第六段第二句I think I have got the worth of my glass now that it has revealed to me the white-headed eagle.（我想我已经得到了我的望远镜的价值，因为它让我看到了白头鹰。）可知，自然学家梭罗是肯定了望远镜的作用。由此推知，作者引用梭罗的日记是为了证明即使自然学家也会使用科技。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。作者通过分析我们人类对技术的依赖，并引用自然学家梭罗的事例，说明了我们人类已进化成半机械人。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】D、D、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由文章第一段The study is the first to show that the growth of adult trees is linked to their participation in fungal（真菌）networks living in the forest soil.Though past research has focused on young trees，these findings give new insight into the importance of fungal networks to older trees，which are more environmentally beneficial for functions like capturing carbon.（这项研究首次表明，成树的生长与它们参与生活在森林土壤中的真菌网络有关。虽然过去的研究主要集中在年轻的树木上，但这些发现为真菌网络对老树的重要性提供了新的见解，这些真菌网络对捕获碳等功能更有利于环境。）可知，本次研究是首次关注成树的生长，以及真菌网络与其的关系。而之前的研究更多集中是对幼年树木的研究，所以新发现与以前的发现有所不同。所以答案为D。
（2）推理判断题。由文章第二段When they live in the forest soil，fungal net- works act as a sort of highway，allowing water，nutrients and compounds to flow back and forth among the trees.The network also helps nutrients flow to resource-limited trees like family units that support one another in times of stress.（当它们生活在森林土壤中时，真菌网就像一种高速公路，让水、营养物质和化合物在树木之间来回流动。该网络还有助于营养物质流向资源有限的树木，就像家庭单位一样，在压力下相互支持。）可知，本段讲述了真菌网络是如何帮助树木获取营养物质，并且不同的营养物质通过网络来回流动可以达到一种资源平衡方式，有助于树木生长。所以答案为D。
（3）代词指代题。由文章第三段Cores taken from 350 Douglas firs showed that annual tree ring growth was related to the extent of fungal connections a tree had with other trees.They had much higher growth than those that had only a few connections.（从350棵道格拉斯花旗松中提取的核心显示，树木年轮的生长与一棵树与其他树木之间真菌联系的程度有关。它们比那些只有少量连接的植物生长得快得多。）可知，本段是用花旗松举例子，说明树木年轮与真菌网络有关系，本句中"they"和"those"都是指代花旗松。A.Tree rings.树木年轮；B.Cores from firs.花旗松核心；C.Douglas firs.花旗松；D.Fungal networks.真菌网络。所以答案为C。
（4）推理判断题。由文章文章最后一段He said，"Knowing whether fungal networks are operating the same way in other tree species could inform how we reforest areas after harvesting them，and inform how we plant trees to pre-serve these networks."（他说："了解真菌网络是否在其他树种上以同样的方式运作，可以告诉我们在收获它们后如何重新造林，以及我们如何种植树木来保护这些网络。"）可知，Joseph Birch认为真菌网络可以告诉我们如何重新造林，所以了解真菌网络有助于植树造林。所以答案为B。
本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，成树的生长与它们参与生活在森林土壤中的真菌网络有关。这些土壤里面的真菌网络给树木的生长提供了有利条件。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
12~15.【答案】C、B、A、D
【解析】（1）C.主旨大意题。由全文内容可知，本文主要通过人工智能在寻找工作的过程中发挥的作用来阐述了人类对AI发展的担忧，故选C。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据文章第二段对好工作的描述以及最后一句This is what makes good jobs productive for the organization ，as well as engaging and fulfilling for the worker. （这就是为什么好的工作对组织有效率的原因，也是让员工有参与感和满足感的原因。）可知好的工作应该能够让人有逐渐进步的机会。故选B。
（3）A.观点态度题。根据第三段中的Headlines today often express concern over technological innovation（革新） resulting in bad jobs for humans，or even the complete disappearance of certain professions.（今天的头条新闻经常表达对技术创新导致人类工作不好，甚至某些职业完全消失的担忧。）可知，媒体对AI的发展持消极（Negative）的态度，作者对人工智能是没有流露出赞成的态度的（Supportive），排除B；也没有积极乐观（Optimistic）的观点，主要是担心AI在社会的发展中带来的负面影响，态度比较鲜明，不存在模糊的（Ambiguous）观点，可排除C和D。A.Negative消极的；B.Supportive支持的；C.Optimistic乐观的；D.Ambiguous模棱两可的。故选A。
（4）D.推理判断题。由最后一段的内容The problem here isn't the technology ；rather，it's the way the technology is used - and ，more than that ，the way people think about using it （这里的问题不在于技术，而在于技术的使用方式，更重要的是，人们思考使用技术的方式。）可判断出，接下来说的应是如何正确对待AI，故选D。
这是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与科技。文章介绍了人类对人工智能发展的前景的担忧以及作者认为我们该持有的态度。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】B、A、E、F、C
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上文For leaders，effective communication can motivate teams，（对于领导者来说，有效的沟通可以激励团队，）可知，下文应该谈论领导者如果沟通不好会带来的负面影响。故B项"而糟糕的沟通可能会把好员工扫地出门。"承接上文，符合语境。while表示转折，意为"然而"。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据上文We may know communication is important，but employees at all levels make ongoing mistakes that make their work lives harder.（我们可能知道沟通很重要，但是各个级别的员工都会不断犯错误，这让他们的工作更加困难。）以及下文两个小标题Start with your attitude（从态度开始）和Show，don't always tell（展示，不要总是说）故A项"以下是在工作中更有效沟通的两种方法。"承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
（3）联系上文题。根据上文If your body language is poor，or you avoid eye contact，your coworkers may assume you're not very interested in speaking to them.（如果你的肢体语言不好，或者你避免眼神交流，你的同事可能会认为你对和他们说话不是很感兴趣。）可知，如果你不善于沟通，那么你在工作中就可能被误解。故E项"工作中的误解通常是沟通失败的副产品。"承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
（4）联系上文题。根据上文Are you fully present during every interaction（在每一次互动中，你是否完全投入）可知，此处是选择疑问句，空处谈论的是你与别人互动时是否集中注意力的一种假设情况。故F项"或者你会允许其他优先事项妨碍你与人实时联系吗？"承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
（5）推理判断题。根据上文Show，don't always tell（展示，不要总是说）以及下文The next time you' re considering sending out a list of detailed instructions，consider showing your team how to complete the task by doing it in front of them first.（下次当你考虑发送一份详细的指示清单时，考虑先在你的团队成员面前演示一下如何完成任务。）故C项"如果一张图片胜过千言万语，那么一个演示就可能值一百万。"承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在工作中有效沟通的两种方法。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】D、B、C、D、A、B、C、D、C、B、D、A、C、B、D
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.annual每年的；B.monthly每月的；C.daily每天的；D.unusual不同寻常的。根据上句Many animals move from one place to another at certain times of the year.可知许多动物在一年中的特定时间从一个地方迁移到另一个地方。说明许多动物每年都迁徙。故答案为D。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.buy买；B.find发现；C.send发送；D.drop丢掉。根据下句or in search of warmer weather.可知它们迁徙是为了寻找食物，或者寻找更温暖的天气。故答案为B。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.spring春天；B.summer夏天；C.autumn秋天；D.winter冬天。根据常识可知每年秋天，数以百万计的这种美丽的昆虫带着精致的黑色和橙色翅膀开始漫长而艰难的旅程。故答案为C。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.easy容易的；B.disappointing令人失望的；C.exciting令人兴奋的；D.difficult困难的。根据下句around 4，000 kilometres可知它们每年要飞行4000公里，说明这是一次艰难的旅程。故答案为D。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.travel旅行，走动；B.run跑；C.drive开车；D.crawl爬。根据空后around 4，000 kilometres（6）and find their way to California or Mexico可知不知何故，它们设法向南行进了大约4000公里，找到了去加利福尼亚或墨西哥的路。故答案为A。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.north北方；B.south南方；C.east东方；D.west西部。根据常识可知很多动物的迁徙是向南方迁徙。故答案为B。
（7）考查副词及语境理解。A.Soon很快；B.Therefore因此；C.However然而；D.Besides除了。然而，直到最近，没有人知道他们是如何做到的。故答案为C。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.habitat栖息地；B.problem问题；C.way方式；D.answer答案。根据上句until recently no one knew how they did this.可知直到最近，没有人知道他们是如何做到的。说明华盛顿大学埃利•什利泽曼教授领导的一个科学家小组现在已经找到了答案。故答案为D。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.adapt适应；B.adjust调整；C.tell告诉；D.memorize记忆。根据下句It uses its eyes to measure the（10）of the sun可知它用眼睛来测量太阳的位置。说明帝王蝶能够知道一天中的时间。故答案为C。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.size大小；B.position位置；C.heat热量；D.color颜色。根据后文it manages to reach where it will spend the winter.可知它设法到达它将要过冬的地方。说明它用眼睛来测量太阳的位置。故答案为B。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.scientist科学家；B.professor教授；C.flight航班；D.butterfly蝴蝶。根据上句They have found out that the monarch is able to（9）the time of day可知蝴蝶能够知道一天中的时间。故答案为D。
（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.Eventually最后；B.Immediately立刻；C.Frequently频繁地；D.Obviously明显地。根据下句it manages to reach where it will spend the winter.可知它设法到达它将要过冬的地方。故答案为A。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.consumption消耗；B.income收入；C.population人口；D.output输出。根据上句 The solution to the mystery of the monarch's amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.可知帝王蝶惊人能力之谜的解决方案出现在它陷入严重困境的时候。说明在过去的几年里，它的人口减少了90%。故答案为C。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.Hopefully有希望地；B.Sadly伤心地；C.Usually经常；D.Gradually逐渐地。根据下句human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.可知人类活动是帝王蝶数量下降的主要原因。这是非常令人伤心地。故答案为B。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.eyes眼睛；B.wings翅膀；C.determination决心；D.behaviour行为。然而，对帝王蝶行为的研究让人们对这种生物有了更多的了解。故答案为D。
这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了帝王蝶的迁徙及人类活动是导致帝王蝶数量下降的主要原因，并说明人与自然和谐共处的意义。
完形填空题的命题趋势
解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】it
【小题2】universally
【小题3】While/Although/Though
【小题4】with
【小题5】that
【小题6】an
【小题7】studying
【小题8】passionate
【小题9】is served
【小题10】represented
【解析】（1）考查代词。句意：相传，2000多年前，一位讲究养生的中国王子Liu An在制作长生不老药时发现了豆腐。that引导的宾语从句放在后面，所以用it作形式宾语，故填it。
（2）考查副词。句意：人们普遍认为，是访问中国的佛教僧侣把豆腐带回了日本等邻国。副词universally修饰动词believed，universally意为"普遍地"，故填universally。
（3）考查连词。句意：虽然东亚人吃豆腐已有1000多年的历史，但它在全球流行起来却花了更长的时间。句子表示"虽然东亚人吃豆腐已有1000多年的历史，但它在全球流行起来却花了更长的时间"，空格处意为"虽然"，是while/although/though，位于句首，首字母大写，故填While/Although/Though。
（4）考查介词。句意：1770年，美国开国元勋之一本杰明•富兰克林在伦敦时写了一封信，附上了一些黄豆，称赞它是一种"中国奶酪"。"some soy beans attached"是表伴随的，此处是with复合结构作伴随状语，故填with。
（5）考查定语从句。句意：这封信是有记载的最早提及西方豆腐的文献之一。引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词documents是物，且被最高级earliest修饰，因此空格处用关系代词that，不能用which，故填that。
（6）考查冠词。句意：豆腐爱好者李时增常常被认为是使豆腐成为亚洲以外更广泛接受的食物的功劳。enthusiast是可数名词，表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，enthusiast是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。
（7）考查动名词。句意：他最终在蒙塔吉斯的农业学校学习，并热衷于在法国推广豆腐。end up doing是固定短语，意为"最后做……"，故填studying。
（8）考查形容词。句意：他最终在蒙塔吉斯的农业学校学习，并热衷于在法国推广豆腐。形容词作表语，passion的形容词是passionate，意为"热诚的"，故填passionate。
（9）考查动词时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：如今，豆腐以一种现代的方式被端上桌。豆腐是被端上桌，句子用被动语态，由Nowadays可知，句子时态用一般现在时，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语tofu是不可数名词，因此空格处是is served。故填is served。
（10）考查过去分词。句意：例如，在其中一家餐厅，当前的菜单以"丝"为纹理，以豆腐为代表。句中谓语是starts，空格处用非谓语动词，represent和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填represented。
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了豆腐的起源和发展。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】The Scientist I Admire Most
Of all the scientists，I admire Qian Xuesen most.When Qian was young，he realized China needed its own powerful air force to defend the country，so he made the decision to major in aviation.【高分句型一】He went to America in 1935 to pursue his graduate studies and returned to China in 1955.Under Qian's leadership，China developed the Dongfeng missiles，followed by the first generation of Long March rockets.【高分句型二】（人物事迹介绍）
Qian devoted himself to the country and helped make China stronger.He is an example to me and his spirit will inspire me to keep moving forward.（崇拜的理由）
【解析】高分句型一 When Qian was young，he realized China needed its own powerful air force to defend the country，so he made the decision to major in aviation.
翻译：钱学森年轻时意识到中国需要自己强大的空军来保卫国家，所以他决定主修航空。
分析：句中使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二 Under Qian's leadership，China developed the Dongfeng missiles，followed by the first generation of Long March rockets.
翻译：在钱的领导下，中国研制了东风导弹，随后研制了第一代长征火箭。
分析：句中使用了过去分词短语followed by the first generation of Long March rockets作后置定语。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】I picked up the phone and called her halfway across the world."Hello？"Her voice sounded as if it came from the room nearby and not South Africa."Hey，Tova.It's me，Sara.I just called to tell you I love you." My words came out in a rush.I knew that if I stopped in the middle，I wouldn't have the courage to continue. 【高分句型一】"I know we aren't as close as some sisters，but that doesn't mean I'm not missing you."For a long time，there was only silence on the other end.（作者打电话给姐姐诉说想念）
Finally，she spoke. "I've been sitting here，all alone，thinking about you back home，" she said. 【高分句型二】"Your voice makes me feel as if I'm right there with you." And before she hung up she said，very quickly just as I had， "I love you，too."I'm counting down the days until my sister returns home，so I can say， "I'm so glad to have you home".（作者姐姐也表达自己对妹妹的思念）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者姐妹之间的感情。刚开始作者她们住在一起，但是觉得有没有对方无所谓，但是当姐姐去国外，作者开始想念姐姐。作者给姐姐打电话告诉她，自己一直想着姐姐，等她回来。
高分句型一
I knew that if I stopped in the middle，I wouldn't have the courage to continue.
翻译：我知道如果中途停下来，我就没有勇气继续下去了。
分析：由that引导宾语从句和if引导的虚拟语气。
高分句型二
"I've been sitting here，all alone，thinking about you back home，" she said.
翻译："我一直坐在这里，独自一人，想着你在家里，"她说。
分析：现在分词thinking about you back home作状语，表示主动关系。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
2022-2023学年山东省临沂市沂水县高二（上）期中英语试卷
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Four winter wonderlands for cold-weather getaways
◆ JW Marriott The Rosseau Muskoka
Beat any holiday stress with the new HydroSpa opening at Muskoka's JW Marriott on Nov.
1. The outdoor water entertainment will be open year-round，offering multiple ways to relax in-cluding sea-salt floating pools and hot bathtubs.
Stays from ﹩349/night
◆Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel
This historic inn in Niagara Falls offers multiple ways to relax.There's Winterfest，meals enjoyed in dining domes（穹顶） housed in the inn's private square，and the Alpine Club offer-ing roasted nuts and wine around a fire pit.The property will host its annual holiday market on Nov.26.
Stays from ﹩249/night
◆ Dromoland Castle
If you're going to go big—and further away—for New Year's，you may as well go black tie.This grand estate in western Ireland is offering a three-night celebration package，beginning either Dec.30 or 31.The event on New Year's Eve includes a cocktail reception and six-course dinner.Guests will have access to various activities on the property's 450 acres including hun-ting and farming.
Stays from ﹩2，051/night
◆ St.Regis Aspen
Along with access to many ski options，the hotel's guests can expect family-friendly fun during the week leading up to Dec.25.Santa's Workshop is a craft room where attendees can make everything from toys to gifts by hand.Additional sessions cover winter cooking and house decorating.
Stays from US ﹩899/night
（1）How often is the holiday market open in Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel？ ______
A. Daily. B. Weekly. C. Monthly. D. Yearly.
2. What activities can you enjoy if you stay at St.Regis Aspen？ ______
A. DIY. B. Floating. C. Skating. D. Hunting.
3. Which may offer life experience in the countryside？ ______
A. St.Regis Aspen. B. Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel.
C. Dromoland Castle. D. JW Marriott The Rosseau Muskoka.
B
Even when we depend on technology for help but then，so did Thoreau at Walden Pond.
Walking in the same woods yesterday，I let myself wander at random，communing with nature.
I took in beautiful scenery near and far thanks to my progressive-lens eyeglasses.Occasionally I'd pull out my smartphone to take pictures on anything interesting.I recorded an inner monologue（独白） with a background of all sounds of the forest.At times，I consulted my smart watch to check on my heartbeat，mileage and calorie burn.Eventually I realized I was quite lost.Not a problem of course.Online maps came to my rescue.
But something bothered me.In what I'd intended as a nature experience，here I was using very high technology to help myself out.This insight set off a reconsideration of everything that happened during my"nature walk，"which had been technologically enhanced every step of the way.I'd been functioning as a man-machine combination：a cyborg.
What would the true naturalist Thoreau think of that？My first thought was that he'd be shocked.But later I did some research.Thoreau enjoyed what his spyglass discovered，like this eagle from his journal：
Lying on the ground with my glass，I could watch him very easily …till I almost lost him in the clouds…I think I have got the worth of my glass now that it has revealed to me the white-headed eagle.
Famously，Thoreau always set out equipped with a walking stick，which he used not only for support but also to take measurements of water and snow levels.His hat was also a tool，which he called his"botany-box." And he was prepared even with needles and thread，so when coming out of the woods，he was"the best dressed." Clearly，Thoreau was a bit of a cyborg himself.
Thinking more deeply，I realized we've come a long way from our hunter-gatherer ancestors，who walked from necessity and relied on nature's gift.Cyborgs are us.
4. What does the underlined part "communing with nature"probably mean in paragraph 1？ ______
A. Enjoying the nature in a quiet peaceful way.
B. Searching for wild animals and birds.
C. Wandering in nature with high-tech equipment.
D. Singing and dancing happily in nature.
5. What is the purpose of the text？ ______
A. To recommend Thoreau's book Walden Pond.
B. To argue that humans have developed into cyborgs.
C. To share the reflections on man's reliance on nature.
D. To question whether people are technology-dependent.
6. Which picture best illustrates a cyborg in the author's eye？ ______
A. A B. B C. C D. D
7. Why does the author quote Thoreau's journal？ ______
A. To prove that even naturalists use technology.
B. To introduce a literary work on nature.
C. To describe the natural beauty Thoreau enjoyed.
D. To explain how to prepare for a nature walk.
C
Being highly connected to a strong social network has its benefits.Now a new study is showing the same goes for trees，thanks to their underground neighbors.The study is the first to show that the growth of adult trees is linked to their participation in fungal（真菌） networks living in the forest soil.Though past research has focused on young trees，these findings give new insight into the importance of fungal networks to older trees—which are more environmentally beneficial for functions like capturing carbon.
"Large trees make up the main part of the forest，so they drive what the forest is doing，"said researcher Joseph Birch，who led the study.When they live in the forest soil，fungal net-works act as a sort of highway，allowing water，nutrients and compounds to flow back and forth among the trees.The network also helps nutrients flow to resource-limited trees like family units that support one another in times of stress.
Cores（核心） taken from 350 Douglas firs（花旗松） showed that annual tree ring growth was related to the extent of fungal connections a tree had with other trees.They had much higher growth than that had only a few connections.The research also showed that trees with more connections to many unique fungi had much greater growth than those with only one or two connections."If you have this network that is helping trees grow faster，that helps capture more carbon year after year.These networks may help trees grow more steadily even as conditions be-come more stressful，and could even help protect them against death." said Birch.
Birch hopes his findings lead to further studies in different kinds of forests in other geo-graphical areas，because it's likely that the connections among trees change from year to year.
He said，"Knowing whether fungal networks are operating the same way in other tree species could inform how we reforest areas after harvesting them，and inform how we plant trees to pre-serve these networks."
8. In what way do the new findings differ from the previous ones？ ______
A. They demonstrate a new way to capture carbon.
B. They confirm the benefits of fungal networks.
C. They clarify misunderstandings of fungal networks.
D. They reveal the value of fungal networks to adult trees.
9. How do fungal networks help trees？ ______
A. By fighting against diseases.
B. By bettering forest soil conditions.
C. By acting as the center of family units.
D. By maintaining the balance of resources.
10. What does the underlined word"those"refer to in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. Tree rings. B. Cores from firs.
C. Douglas firs. D. Fungal networks.
11. What can be inferred from Joseph Birch's words in the last paragraph？ ______
A. The fungal networks support one another in times of stress.
B. The fungal networks enable us to know more about reforestation.
C. The findings can apply to different kinds of forests in other geographical areas.
D. The networks will help trees grow steadily if conditions become more stressful.
D
When it comes to work，workers，and jobs，much of the concern of the modern age boils down to the fear that we're witnessing the final stage of the game，and that there will be nowhere for humans to withdraw（撤退） as machines take over the last few tasks.The most recent example comes from the use of artificial intelligence （AI）.Is there no area of human experience that can't be replaced by AI？And if not，what is left for humans to do except the tasks involved in taking care of the machines？
At the heart of this concern is our desire for good jobs - jobs that make the most of workers' natural abilities and where the work provides the worker with motivation and work-life balance.More importantly，good jobs support workers in learning by doing - and，in so doing，deliver benefits on three levels：to the worker，who gains in personal development and job satisfaction；to the organization，which improves as employees find new problems to solve and opportunities to pursue；and to the community as a whole，which harvests the economic benefits of hosting positive organizations and workers.This is what makes good jobs productive for the organization，as well as engaging and fulfilling for the worker.
Does the ongoing advance of AI threaten to get rid of all the learning，creativity，and meaning that make a job a good job？Certainly，some have blamed technology for just such a result.Headlines today often express concern over technological innovation（革新）resulting in bad jobs for humans，or even the complete disappearance of certain professions.Some fear that further technology advancement in the workplace will result in jobs where employees are being asked to work in split times or for longer periods over more days.
The problem here isn't the technology；rather，it's the way the technology is used - and，more than that，the way people think about using it.
12. What is the passage mainly about？ ______
A. How to take care of the AI machines.
B. The relations among work，workers，and jobs.
C. The human's fears in the age of AI.
D. Human experiences were replaced by AI.
13. What jobs are supposed to be good according to the passage？ ______
A. Those that mainly have the economic benefits.
B. The ones that offer chances to progress professionally.
C. Those that make full use of workers' motivation.
D. The ones that don't bring new problems to workers.
14. How do news media respond to the development of AI？ ______
A. Negative. B. Supportive. C. Objective. D. Indifferent.
15. What will the author probably talk about next？
A. The future jobs humans will do. ______
B. The possible application of AI in the future.
C. The ways that humans do jobs.
D. The proper attitude towards AI.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Workplace communication skills can either help your career，or they can stop it dead in its tracks.For leaders，effective communication can motivate teams， (1) For independent contributors，communication skills can earn opportunities that get them closer to their goals—or they can affect promotions and limit career growth.
We may know communication is important，but employees at all levels make ongoing mistakes that make their work lives harder. (2)
Start with your attitude
Words are only a piece of the communication puzzle.If your body language is poor，or you avoid eye contact，your coworkers may assume you're not very interested in speaking to them. (3)
To communicate more effectively at work，your first action item is checking your attitude.Are you fully present during every interaction (4)
Approaching every conversation with openness and your undivided attention enhances the quality of workplace communication.
Show，don't always tell
(5) The next time you' re considering sending out a list of detailed instructions，consider showing your team how to complete the task by doing it in front of them first.
Visuals like images and video not only enhance and speed comprehension，they can also add levity and humor to workplace communication.Use short video clips and screenshots to ex-plain complex tasks and problems—and the occasional meme to make everyone laugh.
A.Here are 2 ways to communicate more effectively at work.
B.while poor communication can push good employees out the door.
C.If a picture's worth a thousand words，a demo may be worth a million.
D.and make things like taking polls during team meetings a regular practice.
E.Misunderstandings at work are usually the byproduct of communication breakdowns.
F.or do you allow other priorities to get in the way of connecting with people in real-time？
G.The same goes for paying more attention to your laptop or phone than the conversation at hand.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
Many animals move from one place to another at certain times of the year.This(21)movement is called migration（迁徙）.They migrate to(22)food，or in search of warmer weather.One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly.
Every(23)，millions of these beautiful insects with fine black and orange wings begin a long and(24)journey.Somehow they manage to(25)around 4，000 kilometres(26)and find their way to California or Mexico.(27)，until recently no one knew how they did this.
A team of scientists led by Professor Eli Shlizerman at the University of Washington has now found the(28).They have found out that the monarch is able to(29)the time of day.It uses its eyes to measure the(30)of the sun.These two pieces of information allow the(31)to determine the way to go.(32)，it manages to reach where it will spend the winter.
The solution to the mystery of the monarch's amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.Its(33)has crashed by as much as 90 per cent in the last few years.(34)，human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.The research on the monarch's(35)has however led to a greater awareness of this creature.
21. A. annual B. monthly C. daily D. unusual
22. A. buy B. find C. send D. drop
23. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter
24. A. easy B. disappointing C. exciting D. difficult
25. A. travel B. run C. drive D. crawl
26. A. north B. south C. east D. west
27. A. Soon B. Therefore C. However D. Besides
28. A. habitat B. problem C. way D. answer
29. A. adapt B. adjust C. tell D. memorize
30. A. size B. position C. heat D. color
31. A. scientist B. professor C. flight D. butterfly
32. A. Eventually B. Immediately C. Frequently D. Obviously
33. A. consumption B. income C. population D. output
34. A. Hopefully B. Sadly C. Usually D. Gradually
35. A. eyes B. wings C. determination D. behaviour
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Legend has (1) that tofu was discovered by a health-conscious Chinese prince named Liu An more than 2，000 years ago when he was making an elixir （丹药）.He realized that soy milk left in certain conditions coagulated （凝固） and developed a pudding-like substance and that was the beginning of tofu.
It's (2) （ universal） believed that Buddhist monks visiting China brought tofu back to neighbouring countries like Japan.
(3) East Asia has been eating tofu for more than 1，000 years，it took a lot longer for it to catch on globally.Benjamin Franklin，one of the United State's founding fathers，wrote a letter (4) some soy beans attached while he was in London，praising it as a "Chinese cheese" in 1770.The letter was one of the earliest documents on record (5) mentioned tofu in the West.Li Shizeng， (6) enthusiast for tofu，is often credited with making tofu a more widely accepted food outside of Asia.It's said that he was first sent by the Chinese government to attend a French military school.He ended up (7) （ study） at the agricultural school in Montargis and were (8) （ passion） about promoting tofu in France.
Nowadays，tofu (9) （ serve） in a modern way.In many fine dining restaurants，the tasting menu is designed around its textures.The dishes and ingredients change according to the seasons.For example，in one of the restaurants，the current menu starts with the texture "Silken"， (10) （ represent） by tofu.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，你校英语报下周将举办题为"The Scientist I Admire Most"的英语征文比赛。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
（1）人物事迹介绍：从钱学森、袁隆平、林巧稚、屠呦呦中任选一位；
（2）崇拜的理由；
注意：
（1）词数80左右。
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The Scientist I Admire Most__________________
38. New Beginnings My sister and I weren't exactly what you would call close.I was three years younger，and I thought she walked on water.Everything she did was perfect，and I wanted to be just like her when I grew up.If she wore her hair in twin braids with a pink clip one day，the next day I wore mine exactly the same way.I used to follow her and her friends around，begging to be included，but there isn't much room in a thirteen-year-old's life for a annoying ten-year-old sister.As a result，over time，my worship of her became indifference.We were strangers living in the same house，eating together but never communicating.
So when she sat me down last year and told me she'd be going to Israel to study abroad for ten months，I wasn't too concerned.I figured I would get to wear the clothes she left behind and use her CD player.That was the only way I thought her leaving would affect me.
That first night after she left，I sat in my room and tried to do homework.I couldn't shake the feeling that something was wrong，something was missing.The house was too quiet.No Tova's CD player and no Tova's voice giggling on the phone with her friends.Sitting there，I realized just how different it was without her in the house.Even though we didn't always speak，I had felt safe just knowing she was near.
I cried that night.I cried over all the years we had wasted trying to live our own lives and ignoring each other's.I cried that I couldn't even give her a hug before she boarded her plane.But as the night wore on，my tears changed to tears of calm，tears of new beginnings.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I picked up the phone and called her halfway across the world.____________
Finally she spoke.________________________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel这一部分The property will host its annual holiday market on Nov.26.（该酒店将于11月26日举办一年一度的假日市场。）可知，Old Stone Inn Boutique Hotel的假日市场一年举办一次。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。由St.Regis Aspen这一部分Santa's Workshop is a craft room where attendees can make everything from toys to gifts by hand.（圣诞老人的工作室是一个工艺室，参加者可以手工制作从玩具到礼物的所有东西。）可知，在St.Regis Aspen里，参加者可以手工制作自己喜欢的东西。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。由Dromoland Castle这一部分Guests will have access to various activities on the property's 450 acres including hunting and farming.（客人将可以在这酒店450英亩的地域里参加各种活动，包括狩猎和农业。）可知，游客可以在Dromoland Castle里体验乡村生活。故选C。
本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个冬季避寒胜地。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】A、B、C、A
【解析】（1）词句猜测题。根据第一段Even when we depend on technology for help-but then，so did Thoreau at Walden Pond. （即使在与自然交流时，我们依靠技术获得帮助，但当时在瓦尔登湖，梭罗也是如此。）及第二段Walking in the same woods yesterday，I let myself wander at random，communing with nature.（昨天走在同一片树林里，我让自己随意漫步，与大自然交流。）可知，划线词组"communing with nature"指的是"在独自平静享受自然的时刻"。A.Enjoying the nature in a quiet peaceful way以宁静宁静的方式享受自然；B.Searching for wild animals and birds寻找野生动物和鸟类；C.Wandering in nature with high-tech equipment带着高科技设备在大自然中漫步；D.Singing and dancing happily in nature在大自然中快乐地唱歌跳舞。故选A。
（2）写作目的题。根据第一段Even when communing with nature we depend on technology for help — but then，so did Thoreau （梭罗） at Walden Pond （瓦尔登湖）.（即使在与自然交流时，我们也依赖技术来帮助--但是，沃尔登湖的梭罗也是如此。）可知，我们都是依赖技术的，自然学家梭罗也是如此；再根据最后一段Thinking more deeply，I realized we've come a long way from our hunter-gatherer ancestors，who walked from necessity and relied on nature's gift.Cyborgs are us.（更深入地思考，我意识到我们已经从狩猎采集的祖先那里走了很长一段路，他们从需要出发，依靠大自然的恩赐。半机械人就是我们。）可知，本文的目的是为了说明人类已经进化为半机械人。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段This insight set off a reconsideration of everything that happened during my "nature walk"，which had been technologically enhanced every step of the way.I'd been functioning as a man-machine combination：a cyborg. （这一见解引发了我对"自然漫步"中发生的一切的重新思考，"自然漫步"的每一步都得到了技术的强化。我一直扮演着人机结合的角色：一个半机械人。）可知，作者眼中的半机械人应该是人机结合，选项C的图片中即有人又有机器，符合题意。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据第五段But later I did some research.Thoreau enjoyed what his spyglass discovered，like this eagle from his journal（但后来我做了一些研究。梭罗喜欢望远镜的发现，就像日记里的这只鹰。）和第六段第二句I think I have got the worth of my glass now that it has revealed to me the white-headed eagle.（我想我已经得到了我的望远镜的价值，因为它让我看到了白头鹰。）可知，自然学家梭罗是肯定了望远镜的作用。由此推知，作者引用梭罗的日记是为了证明即使自然学家也会使用科技。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。作者通过分析我们人类对技术的依赖，并引用自然学家梭罗的事例，说明了我们人类已进化成半机械人。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】D、D、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由文章第一段The study is the first to show that the growth of adult trees is linked to their participation in fungal（真菌）networks living in the forest soil.Though past research has focused on young trees，these findings give new insight into the importance of fungal networks to older trees，which are more environmentally beneficial for functions like capturing carbon.（这项研究首次表明，成树的生长与它们参与生活在森林土壤中的真菌网络有关。虽然过去的研究主要集中在年轻的树木上，但这些发现为真菌网络对老树的重要性提供了新的见解，这些真菌网络对捕获碳等功能更有利于环境。）可知，本次研究是首次关注成树的生长，以及真菌网络与其的关系。而之前的研究更多集中是对幼年树木的研究，所以新发现与以前的发现有所不同。所以答案为D。
（2）推理判断题。由文章第二段When they live in the forest soil，fungal net- works act as a sort of highway，allowing water，nutrients and compounds to flow back and forth among the trees.The network also helps nutrients flow to resource-limited trees like family units that support one another in times of stress.（当它们生活在森林土壤中时，真菌网就像一种高速公路，让水、营养物质和化合物在树木之间来回流动。该网络还有助于营养物质流向资源有限的树木，就像家庭单位一样，在压力下相互支持。）可知，本段讲述了真菌网络是如何帮助树木获取营养物质，并且不同的营养物质通过网络来回流动可以达到一种资源平衡方式，有助于树木生长。所以答案为D。
（3）代词指代题。由文章第三段Cores taken from 350 Douglas firs showed that annual tree ring growth was related to the extent of fungal connections a tree had with other trees.They had much higher growth than those that had only a few connections.（从350棵道格拉斯花旗松中提取的核心显示，树木年轮的生长与一棵树与其他树木之间真菌联系的程度有关。它们比那些只有少量连接的植物生长得快得多。）可知，本段是用花旗松举例子，说明树木年轮与真菌网络有关系，本句中"they"和"those"都是指代花旗松。A.Tree rings.树木年轮；B.Cores from firs.花旗松核心；C.Douglas firs.花旗松；D.Fungal networks.真菌网络。所以答案为C。
（4）推理判断题。由文章文章最后一段He said，"Knowing whether fungal networks are operating the same way in other tree species could inform how we reforest areas after harvesting them，and inform how we plant trees to pre-serve these networks."（他说："了解真菌网络是否在其他树种上以同样的方式运作，可以告诉我们在收获它们后如何重新造林，以及我们如何种植树木来保护这些网络。"）可知，Joseph Birch认为真菌网络可以告诉我们如何重新造林，所以了解真菌网络有助于植树造林。所以答案为B。
本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，成树的生长与它们参与生活在森林土壤中的真菌网络有关。这些土壤里面的真菌网络给树木的生长提供了有利条件。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
12~15.【答案】C、B、A、D
【解析】（1）C.主旨大意题。由全文内容可知，本文主要通过人工智能在寻找工作的过程中发挥的作用来阐述了人类对AI发展的担忧，故选C。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据文章第二段对好工作的描述以及最后一句This is what makes good jobs productive for the organization ，as well as engaging and fulfilling for the worker. （这就是为什么好的工作对组织有效率的原因，也是让员工有参与感和满足感的原因。）可知好的工作应该能够让人有逐渐进步的机会。故选B。
（3）A.观点态度题。根据第三段中的Headlines today often express concern over technological innovation（革新） resulting in bad jobs for humans，or even the complete disappearance of certain professions.（今天的头条新闻经常表达对技术创新导致人类工作不好，甚至某些职业完全消失的担忧。）可知，媒体对AI的发展持消极（Negative）的态度，作者对人工智能是没有流露出赞成的态度的（Supportive），排除B；也没有积极乐观（Optimistic）的观点，主要是担心AI在社会的发展中带来的负面影响，态度比较鲜明，不存在模糊的（Ambiguous）观点，可排除C和D。A.Negative消极的；B.Supportive支持的；C.Optimistic乐观的；D.Ambiguous模棱两可的。故选A。
（4）D.推理判断题。由最后一段的内容The problem here isn't the technology ；rather，it's the way the technology is used - and ，more than that ，the way people think about using it （这里的问题不在于技术，而在于技术的使用方式，更重要的是，人们思考使用技术的方式。）可判断出，接下来说的应是如何正确对待AI，故选D。
这是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与科技。文章介绍了人类对人工智能发展的前景的担忧以及作者认为我们该持有的态度。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】B、A、E、F、C
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上文For leaders，effective communication can motivate teams，（对于领导者来说，有效的沟通可以激励团队，）可知，下文应该谈论领导者如果沟通不好会带来的负面影响。故B项"而糟糕的沟通可能会把好员工扫地出门。"承接上文，符合语境。while表示转折，意为"然而"。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据上文We may know communication is important，but employees at all levels make ongoing mistakes that make their work lives harder.（我们可能知道沟通很重要，但是各个级别的员工都会不断犯错误，这让他们的工作更加困难。）以及下文两个小标题Start with your attitude（从态度开始）和Show，don't always tell（展示，不要总是说）故A项"以下是在工作中更有效沟通的两种方法。"承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
（3）联系上文题。根据上文If your body language is poor，or you avoid eye contact，your coworkers may assume you're not very interested in speaking to them.（如果你的肢体语言不好，或者你避免眼神交流，你的同事可能会认为你对和他们说话不是很感兴趣。）可知，如果你不善于沟通，那么你在工作中就可能被误解。故E项"工作中的误解通常是沟通失败的副产品。"承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
（4）联系上文题。根据上文Are you fully present during every interaction（在每一次互动中，你是否完全投入）可知，此处是选择疑问句，空处谈论的是你与别人互动时是否集中注意力的一种假设情况。故F项"或者你会允许其他优先事项妨碍你与人实时联系吗？"承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
（5）推理判断题。根据上文Show，don't always tell（展示，不要总是说）以及下文The next time you' re considering sending out a list of detailed instructions，consider showing your team how to complete the task by doing it in front of them first.（下次当你考虑发送一份详细的指示清单时，考虑先在你的团队成员面前演示一下如何完成任务。）故C项"如果一张图片胜过千言万语，那么一个演示就可能值一百万。"承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在工作中有效沟通的两种方法。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】D、B、C、D、A、B、C、D、C、B、D、A、C、B、D
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.annual每年的；B.monthly每月的；C.daily每天的；D.unusual不同寻常的。根据上句Many animals move from one place to another at certain times of the year.可知许多动物在一年中的特定时间从一个地方迁移到另一个地方。说明许多动物每年都迁徙。故答案为D。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.buy买；B.find发现；C.send发送；D.drop丢掉。根据下句or in search of warmer weather.可知它们迁徙是为了寻找食物，或者寻找更温暖的天气。故答案为B。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.spring春天；B.summer夏天；C.autumn秋天；D.winter冬天。根据常识可知每年秋天，数以百万计的这种美丽的昆虫带着精致的黑色和橙色翅膀开始漫长而艰难的旅程。故答案为C。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.easy容易的；B.disappointing令人失望的；C.exciting令人兴奋的；D.difficult困难的。根据下句around 4，000 kilometres可知它们每年要飞行4000公里，说明这是一次艰难的旅程。故答案为D。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.travel旅行，走动；B.run跑；C.drive开车；D.crawl爬。根据空后around 4，000 kilometres（6）and find their way to California or Mexico可知不知何故，它们设法向南行进了大约4000公里，找到了去加利福尼亚或墨西哥的路。故答案为A。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.north北方；B.south南方；C.east东方；D.west西部。根据常识可知很多动物的迁徙是向南方迁徙。故答案为B。
（7）考查副词及语境理解。A.Soon很快；B.Therefore因此；C.However然而；D.Besides除了。然而，直到最近，没有人知道他们是如何做到的。故答案为C。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.habitat栖息地；B.problem问题；C.way方式；D.answer答案。根据上句until recently no one knew how they did this.可知直到最近，没有人知道他们是如何做到的。说明华盛顿大学埃利•什利泽曼教授领导的一个科学家小组现在已经找到了答案。故答案为D。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.adapt适应；B.adjust调整；C.tell告诉；D.memorize记忆。根据下句It uses its eyes to measure the（10）of the sun可知它用眼睛来测量太阳的位置。说明帝王蝶能够知道一天中的时间。故答案为C。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.size大小；B.position位置；C.heat热量；D.color颜色。根据后文it manages to reach where it will spend the winter.可知它设法到达它将要过冬的地方。说明它用眼睛来测量太阳的位置。故答案为B。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.scientist科学家；B.professor教授；C.flight航班；D.butterfly蝴蝶。根据上句They have found out that the monarch is able to（9）the time of day可知蝴蝶能够知道一天中的时间。故答案为D。
（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.Eventually最后；B.Immediately立刻；C.Frequently频繁地；D.Obviously明显地。根据下句it manages to reach where it will spend the winter.可知它设法到达它将要过冬的地方。故答案为A。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.consumption消耗；B.income收入；C.population人口；D.output输出。根据上句 The solution to the mystery of the monarch's amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.可知帝王蝶惊人能力之谜的解决方案出现在它陷入严重困境的时候。说明在过去的几年里，它的人口减少了90%。故答案为C。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.Hopefully有希望地；B.Sadly伤心地；C.Usually经常；D.Gradually逐渐地。根据下句human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.可知人类活动是帝王蝶数量下降的主要原因。这是非常令人伤心地。故答案为B。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.eyes眼睛；B.wings翅膀；C.determination决心；D.behaviour行为。然而，对帝王蝶行为的研究让人们对这种生物有了更多的了解。故答案为D。
这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了帝王蝶的迁徙及人类活动是导致帝王蝶数量下降的主要原因，并说明人与自然和谐共处的意义。
完形填空题的命题趋势
解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】it
【小题2】universally
【小题3】While/Although/Though
【小题4】with
【小题5】that
【小题6】an
【小题7】studying
【小题8】passionate
【小题9】is served
【小题10】represented
【解析】（1）考查代词。句意：相传，2000多年前，一位讲究养生的中国王子Liu An在制作长生不老药时发现了豆腐。that引导的宾语从句放在后面，所以用it作形式宾语，故填it。
（2）考查副词。句意：人们普遍认为，是访问中国的佛教僧侣把豆腐带回了日本等邻国。副词universally修饰动词believed，universally意为"普遍地"，故填universally。
（3）考查连词。句意：虽然东亚人吃豆腐已有1000多年的历史，但它在全球流行起来却花了更长的时间。句子表示"虽然东亚人吃豆腐已有1000多年的历史，但它在全球流行起来却花了更长的时间"，空格处意为"虽然"，是while/although/though，位于句首，首字母大写，故填While/Although/Though。
（4）考查介词。句意：1770年，美国开国元勋之一本杰明•富兰克林在伦敦时写了一封信，附上了一些黄豆，称赞它是一种"中国奶酪"。"some soy beans attached"是表伴随的，此处是with复合结构作伴随状语，故填with。
（5）考查定语从句。句意：这封信是有记载的最早提及西方豆腐的文献之一。引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词documents是物，且被最高级earliest修饰，因此空格处用关系代词that，不能用which，故填that。
（6）考查冠词。句意：豆腐爱好者李时增常常被认为是使豆腐成为亚洲以外更广泛接受的食物的功劳。enthusiast是可数名词，表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，enthusiast是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。
（7）考查动名词。句意：他最终在蒙塔吉斯的农业学校学习，并热衷于在法国推广豆腐。end up doing是固定短语，意为"最后做……"，故填studying。
（8）考查形容词。句意：他最终在蒙塔吉斯的农业学校学习，并热衷于在法国推广豆腐。形容词作表语，passion的形容词是passionate，意为"热诚的"，故填passionate。
（9）考查动词时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：如今，豆腐以一种现代的方式被端上桌。豆腐是被端上桌，句子用被动语态，由Nowadays可知，句子时态用一般现在时，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语tofu是不可数名词，因此空格处是is served。故填is served。
（10）考查过去分词。句意：例如，在其中一家餐厅，当前的菜单以"丝"为纹理，以豆腐为代表。句中谓语是starts，空格处用非谓语动词，represent和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填represented。
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了豆腐的起源和发展。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】The Scientist I Admire Most
Of all the scientists，I admire Qian Xuesen most.When Qian was young，he realized China needed its own powerful air force to defend the country，so he made the decision to major in aviation.【高分句型一】He went to America in 1935 to pursue his graduate studies and returned to China in 1955.Under Qian's leadership，China developed the Dongfeng missiles，followed by the first generation of Long March rockets.【高分句型二】（人物事迹介绍）
Qian devoted himself to the country and helped make China stronger.He is an example to me and his spirit will inspire me to keep moving forward.（崇拜的理由）
【解析】高分句型一 When Qian was young，he realized China needed its own powerful air force to defend the country，so he made the decision to major in aviation.
翻译：钱学森年轻时意识到中国需要自己强大的空军来保卫国家，所以他决定主修航空。
分析：句中使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二 Under Qian's leadership，China developed the Dongfeng missiles，followed by the first generation of Long March rockets.
翻译：在钱的领导下，中国研制了东风导弹，随后研制了第一代长征火箭。
分析：句中使用了过去分词短语followed by the first generation of Long March rockets作后置定语。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】I picked up the phone and called her halfway across the world."Hello？"Her voice sounded as if it came from the room nearby and not South Africa."Hey，Tova.It's me，Sara.I just called to tell you I love you." My words came out in a rush.I knew that if I stopped in the middle，I wouldn't have the courage to continue. 【高分句型一】"I know we aren't as close as some sisters，but that doesn't mean I'm not missing you."For a long time，there was only silence on the other end.（作者打电话给姐姐诉说想念）
Finally，she spoke. "I've been sitting here，all alone，thinking about you back home，" she said. 【高分句型二】"Your voice makes me feel as if I'm right there with you." And before she hung up she said，very quickly just as I had， "I love you，too."I'm counting down the days until my sister returns home，so I can say， "I'm so glad to have you home".（作者姐姐也表达自己对妹妹的思念）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者姐妹之间的感情。刚开始作者她们住在一起，但是觉得有没有对方无所谓，但是当姐姐去国外，作者开始想念姐姐。作者给姐姐打电话告诉她，自己一直想着姐姐，等她回来。
高分句型一
I knew that if I stopped in the middle，I wouldn't have the courage to continue.
翻译：我知道如果中途停下来，我就没有勇气继续下去了。
分析：由that引导宾语从句和if引导的虚拟语气。
高分句型二
"I've been sitting here，all alone，thinking about you back home，" she said.
翻译："我一直坐在这里，独自一人，想着你在家里，"她说。
分析：现在分词thinking about you back home作状语，表示主动关系。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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