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初中英语中考复习 专题24 任务型阅读完成句子或表格-2020年中考英语母题题源解密（解析版）
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这是一份初中英语中考复习 专题24 任务型阅读完成句子或表格-2020年中考英语母题题源解密（解析版），共23页。
专题24 任务型阅读完成句子或表格
【母题来源1】 【2020 •贵州省安顺市】
【母题原题】
How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends? What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered（递送）? This was how things worked not very long ago. Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed greatly.
Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch with our friends. Social media tools（社交媒体工具） let us see what our friends are busy with and maintain friendships.
The digital （数字）age also enables us to find people who share our interests. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world.
But when you friend people online, does this mean that they really are your friends? It depends.
If people always exchange true personal information online, then yes, these friendships can be real and meaningful. But we need to remember that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person. Sometimes smiling photos can hide real problems. On the Internet, nobody knows you're a dog. A young person could be old；a woman could be a man；we could even be sharing our information with criminals.
But this doesn't mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater. Although technology has changed the way we acquire（获得）friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. As Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods.
66. Ways of making friends and communicating with them have changed greatly because of ________.
67. To stay in touch with our faraway friends, we can ________.
68. Online friendships can be real and meaningful if people ________ with each other.
69. The phrase “throw the baby out with the bathwater” means “________” in Chinese.
70. This passage mainly talks about ________ of making friends online.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文，论述了发达的网络技术使得人们交友和保持友谊更简单了；但网络是把双刃剑，网络上的友情有真也有假，所以人们也要谨慎。
66. advances in technology/ developments in technology
【解析】根据“Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed greatly”，可知是因为技术的发展，故答案为advances in technology/ developments in technology。
67. use social media tools
【解析】根据“Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch with our friends. Social media tools（社交媒体工具） let us see what our friends are busy with and maintain friendships”，可知我们可以使用社交工具，故答案为use social media tools。
68. exchange true personal information/share true personal information
【解析】根据“If people always exchange true personal information online, then yes, these friendships can be real and meaningful”，可知是如果人们交换真实的个人信息，那就是真的友谊，故答案为exchange true personal information/share true personal information。
69. 丢弃不想要的东西的同时失去宝贵的东西
【解析】该句字面意思为“把孩子连洗澡水一起丢掉”，再结合作者的观点，可知其深层含义是“丢弃不想要的东西的同时失去宝贵的东西”，故答案为“丢弃不想要的东西的同时失去宝贵的东西”。
70. advantages and disadvantages
【解析】通读全文，可知文章主要论述了在网上交友的好处和坏处，故答案为advantages and disadvantages。
【母题来源2】【2020 • 贵州省铜仁市】
【母题原题】How to Exercise Well
Warm up. It is important to warm up before you exercise. You need to stretch your legs, arms, back and neck before you do any difficult activities like running.
Find good places to exercise. You do not need to spend a lot of money exercising. You can run or play sports in a park or in your school gym. You don’t need to buy exercise equipment for your home. Just get your body moving!
Don’t work too hard. Choose a sport that you are interested in and then your exercise will be fun instead of work. Also, you only need to exercise a few times each week. If you exercise for 30 minutes each time, you will stay healthy.
Drink enough water. It is important to drink water when you exercise. Your body needs the water for energy and for keeping cool.
Be careful! If you hurt yourself while you are exercising, rest until you feel better. Exercising when you are hurt is bad for your health.
根据以上短文内容，完成下列表格。每空一词。
Warm up.
You need to ___76___ your legs, arms, back and neck before you do any difficult activities like running.
Find good places to exercise.
You can run or play ___77___ in a park or in your school gym.
Don’t work too hard.
Choose a sport that you ___78___ and then your exercise will be fun instead of work.
Drink enough water.
Your ___79___ needs the water for energy and for keeping cool.
Be careful!
If you hurt yourself ___80___ exercising, rest until you feel better.
【文章大意】本文讲述了锻炼需要注意的几个问题。
76. stretch
【解析】根据文中的句子“You need to stretch your legs, arms, back and neck before you do any difficult activities like running.”句中谈到了在你做任何像跑步这样的困难活动之前，你需要伸展（stretch）你的腿、胳膊、背和脖子。故答案为stretch。
77. sports
【解析】根据文中的句子“You can run or play sports in a park or in your school gym.”句中谈到，你可以跑步或者是做运动（play sports）。故答案为sports。
78. like/enjoy/love
【解析】文中的句子“Choose a sport that you are interested in and then your exercise will be fun instead of work.”与问题句相对比，可知文中的“are interested in”（对……感兴趣）和“like/enjoy/love”同义。这是在表达一种事实，属于一般现在时，因为主语是you，所以用动词原形。故答案为like/enjoy/love。
79. body
【解析】根据文中的句子“Your body needs the water for energy and for keeping cool.”可知你的身体（body）需要水来补充能量。故答案为body。
80. while
【解析】根据文中的句子“If you hurt yourself while you are exercising, rest until you feel better.”句中谈到了如果你在锻炼的时候伤到了自己。故答案为while。
【母题来源3】【2020 •黑龙江哈尔滨市】
【母题原题】Have you ever heard of Iceland? Iceland is a European country. It used to be one of the richest countries in the world. Its total area is 103 thousand square kilometers. Summer in Iceland is very short, which lasts from June to August. Its winter starts from September and ends next May.
In 1980, Iceland started to develop its tourist industry. Forty years has passed since then. In summer, plenty of tourists from all over the world come here to have a visit. In winter, people in Iceland have to spend the long dark night. They usually have a lot of special activities, such as skating, riding snow motorbikes and having parties to have an exciting night.
Because of a long cold winter, Iceland has a short growing season. Food problem was always a headache for Iceland in the past. Now the problem is being solved.
Iceland — a Country in___75___
Its total area
103,000___76___kilometers
When Iceland started to develop its tourist industry
Forty years___77___
What people do to have an exciting night in winter
They___78___, ride snow motorbikes and have parties.
Why Iceland has a short___79___season
Because of a long cold winter
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一个欧洲国家——冰岛的面积、气候特征、旅游业的发展及其曾经面临的食品问题。
75. Europe
【解析】根据第1段中“Iceland is a European country.”讲冰岛是个欧洲国家，可知冰岛在欧洲，介词in后接European的名词形式Europe。故答案为Europe。
76. square
【解析】根据第1段中“Its total area is 103 thousand square kilometers.”可知冰岛的总面积是103,000平方公里，结合题干中“103,000 ____ kilometers”可知此处缺少square。故答案为square。
77. ago
【解析】根据第2段中“In 1980, Iceland started to develop its tourist industry.”可知1980年冰岛开始发展旅游业，现在是2020年，结合题干中“Forty years ____”可知此处是说40年前，用ago表示“以前”。故答案为ago。
78. skate
【解析】根据第2段中“They usually have a lot of special activities, such as skating, riding snow motorbikes and having parties to have an exciting night.”可知冬天人们会滑冰、骑雪上摩托和聚会来度过一个激动人心的夜晚，结合题干“They ____, ride snow motorbikes and have parties.”中and连接并列的谓语结构，ride和have都用原形，可知此处要用动词原形skate。故答案为skate。
79. growing
【解析】根据最后一段中“Because of a long cold winter, Iceland has a short growing season.”可知漫长的寒冬是冰岛植物生长季短的原因，此处用growing与原文保持一致。故答案为growing。
【母题来源4】【2020 •四川省成都市】
【母题原题】
Confucius’ life and thought
Confucius(551—479 BC) was a great thinker and teacher in the Spring and Autumn Period of China. He was born in Qufu, capital of the state of Lu (part of Shandong). He acted as an official(官员) there. But he was perhaps a better thinker than he was an official and he ended up having to leave the state of Lu. He spent 13 years travelling around the other states, spreading his ideas. And he tried to teach people that peace was very important for a healthy society. However, it was not until the rule of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty(156-87 BC) that his ideas were finally put into practice. In his last few years, he returned to Qufu where he spent the rest of his life teaching. His teachings were recorded by his followers in a book called Lunyu.
Confucius’ teachings formed the base of Chinese thought. Confucius thought everyone should develop virtues(美德) and always do the right thing. Confucius’ thought is considered to have been the necessity of Eastern thought.
To help people understand how to behave towards others, he taught five virtues accepted by all Chinese. They are ren(kindness, charity), yi (fairness), li(ceremony, tradition), zhi(knowledge), and xin(trust). Another virtue is xiao. Xiao is the duties a person has to their parents. It means loving, respecting, obeying(服从), and taking care of one’s parents in their old age. Xiao forms the base of a peaceful society. And he is the final goal according to his thought. It means social peace.
Here’s one of Confucius’ famous sayings, “Do not do to others as you do not wish to be done to you.” Another saying of his is “In the company of two others, I can always find one worthy of being my teacher.”
It is clear that Confucius’ thought will continue to be a necessary part of Chinese culture. And it will continue to do something good to the development of China and even the whole world.
_______76_______
* working as an official
* travelling around to spread his ideas
* teaching in Qufu
Achievements
* the book called Lunyu
* the base of Chinese thought
* a necessary part of ___77___ and ___78___.
* a help for the development of China and the world
Main thought
*____79____
* doing the right thing
* building a peaceful society (he)
Virtues
*ren: kindness, charity * yi: fairness
*li: ceremony, tradition *zhi: knowledge * xin: trust
* xiao: to love, respect, obey and take care of parents
___80___ is one of the virtues and people who believe in it will love everyone in the world.
Famous sayings
A. Do not do to others as you do not wish to be done to you.
B. In the company of two others, I can always find one worthy of being my teacher.
Saying A teaches us how to ___81___ while Saying B is to tell people we can always ___82___.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了著名思想家孔子的生平及其思想。
76. Experiences
【解析】根据本方框内容* working as an official * travelling around to spread his ideas * teaching in Qufu可知，此处是介绍孔子的经历。故答案为Experiences。
77. Eastern thought
【解析】根据原文Confucius’ thought is considered to have been the necessity of Eastern thought可知，孔子的思想是东方思想的一个必要组成部分。故答案为Eastern thought
78. Chinese culture
【解析】根据原文It is clear that Confucius’ thought will continue to be a necessary part of Chinese culture可知，孔子的思想是中国文化的一个必要组成部分。故答案为Chinese culture。
79. developing virtues
【解析】根据原文To help people understand how to behave towards others, he taught five virtues accepted by all Chinese可知，孔子的主要思想有培养5种美德。故答案为developing virtues。
80. Ren
【解析】根据原文They are ren(kindness, charity), yi(fairness), li(ceremony, tradition), zhi(knowledge), and xin(trust)可知，孔子提倡“仁义礼智信”五种美德，其中“仁”是一种美德，相信它的人会爱世界上的每一个人。故答案为Ren。
81. treat others(and ourselves)/behave towards others
【解析】名言A意思为“己所不欲，勿施于人”，这句话教会人们的是如何对待他人以及自己。故答案为treat others(and ourselves)/ behave towards others。
82. learn from others
【解析】名言B意思为“三人行必有我师焉”，这句话教会人们的是我们总能从其他人身上学到一些东西。故答案为learn from others。
【母题来源6】【2020 • 四川乐山中考】
【母题原题】Trees are one of the oldest “citizens” of our earth. They keep our air clean, reduce noise pollution, improve water quality and provide food and building materials.
Just like us, trees change a lot as they grow. At 1 to 3 years old, young trees learn how to grow up safely. For example, many trees grow thorns to warn animals not to go near. Most young trees have large, deep green leaves so that they can catch enough sunlight and change it into their food and energy.
When trees are 4 years old, they begin to grow very rapidly and become strong enough to face challenges later in life. At the age of 15, trees become young adults. They grow more slowly and begin to produce flowers and fruit.
It is not until the tree is 20 to 25 years old that it becomes a real adult. The tree reaches its largest size. The adult tree gives us shade, oxygen and natural beauty. It is also a great place for a tree house, or a place for us to read a book, listen to music and so on. If we give the adult tree proper care, it will go on to live healthily for many years.
Gradually trees begin to grow older and older and even die. At this time, they still have their important place in nature. When a tree becomes hollow or part of it becomes dead, it provides a home for small animals and is a source of food for many other animals.
In many ways, the life of a tree is similar to our own life experience. When we are looking at the life of a tree, we learn that each period of life brings its own form of joy and challenge. Enjoy every minute of the life of the trees and look after the trees!
The ① of a Tree
Something useful
Improve the environment and offer ② and materials for building.
Changes as they ③
1 – 3 years old
Learn ways to grow up
④ .
Grow thorns to warn animals.
Catch enough sunlight with large green leaves.
4 years old
Grow quickly and become ⑤ .
⑥ years old
Grow slowly and produce flowers and fruit.
20 -25 years old
Become real
⑦ .
Give people a lot such as oxygen and good places to relax.
Live longer if people take ⑧ of them properly.
Grow older or die
Be still ⑨ in nature.
Conclusion
A tree's life is the ⑩ as our life experience in many ways.
71. ①________
72. ②________
73. ③________
74. ④________
75. ⑤________
76. ⑥________
77. ⑦________
78. ⑧________
79. ⑨________
80. ⑩________
【文章大意】本文介绍的是树木的从小到大的生长过程以及对人类的贡献，如：提供氧气、阴凉、改善水的质量，提供建筑的材料等；当树木空心快要死亡时，也为小动物提供居住场所和食物。享受与树木的每一分钟并爱护树木。
71. life
【解析】根据文章的大体内容，主要讲述的是树木从小到大的成长及对人类的贡献，讲述的树的一生“life”，故答案为life。
72. food
【解析】根据“They keep our air clean, reduce noise pollution, improve water quality and provide food and building materials.它们保持我们的空气清洁，减少噪音污染，改善水质，并提供食物和建筑材料。”可知应该是“提供食物”，故答案为food。
73. grow
【解析】根据“Just like us, trees change a lot as they grow. 就像我们一样，树木在成长过程中变化很大。”可知应该是“成长grow”，故答案为grow。
74. safely
【解析】根据“At 1 to 3 years old, young trees learn how to grow up safely. 在1到3岁的时候，小树就会学会如何安全地成长。”可知是副词“safely安全地”修饰动词短语grow up，故答案为safely。
75. strong
【解析】根据“When trees are 4 years old, they begin to grow very rapidly and become strong enough to face challenges later in life.当树木长到4岁时，它们开始生长得非常快，变得足够强壮，可以在以后的生活中面对挑战。”可知应该是变得强壮“strong”，故答案为strong。
76. 15
【解析】根据“At the age of 15, trees become young adults. They grow more slowly and begin to produce flowers and fruit.到了15岁，树木就变成了年轻的成年人。它们生长较慢，开始开花结果。”，可知是15岁，故答案为15。
77. adults
【解析】根据“It is not until the tree is 20 to 25 years old that it becomes a real adult直到这棵树长到20到25岁，它才会成为真正的成年人。”，可知是成为真正的成年人“adult”，故答案为adults。
78. care
【解析】根据“If we give the adult tree proper care, it will go on to live healthily for many years. 如果我们给成年树适当的照顾，它就会健康地生活很多年。”，可知是照顾“take care of”成年树木，故答案为care。
79. important
【解析】根据“Gradually, trees begin to grow older and older and even die. At this time, they still have their important place in nature. 渐渐地，树木开始变得越来越老，甚至死亡。此时，它们在自然界中仍占有重要地位。”，可知是重要的“important”，故答案为important。
80. same
【解析】根据“In many ways, the life of a tree is similar to our own life experience. 在许多方面，树的生活与我们自己的生活经历相似。”，be similar to类似于，观察表格中这里用的是“the same as与……相同”，故答案为same。
【考试方向】
分析近3年各地市中考英语真题可知，完成表格型阅读的话题通常是与日常生活息息相关，包括观点建议类、介绍类、文化风俗类、环境保护类、饮食与健康类及科普知识类。词数为200—260词。文章以表格形式设空，设5空。至少4道题的答案可以在文中直接找出，有1道题需要总结概括，如文章的标题或某一段的小标题。文体以记叙文和说明文为主。
【得分要点】
解答此类题型， 需要按照＂查表→析文→填表＂的思路进行：
1. 查表。阅读表格， 分析表格的项目内容和结构特征， 从而把握信息范围及对文章的理解方向。要特别关注文章的标题栏和表格前的小标题， 这样有助于理解文章大意。
2. 析文。快速浏览全文， 把握文章大意；再仔细阅读文章内容， 找准细节定位。阅读文章是， 要利用多种阅读技巧， 对文章进行全面理解。
3. 填表。进行填表。多数题目的答案可以在文章中直接找出；少数题目需要在分析原文的基础上， 结合题目对文章进行理解归纳答案；还需注重书写习惯， 多注意大小写的运用。
【母题1】【来源】【2020 • 江苏省南京市建邺区二模】
Because of the novel coronavirus, it is useful for many people to wear masks to avoid illness. In fact, masks have been helping humans for centuries. Let’s take a look at something about masks.
1st century
During that period, many people in Roman Empire lived a hard life and had to work underground in mines to support their families. But after several years’ work, most of them had difficulty breathing normally and finally died. To solve this problem, Pliny the Elder (23-79 AD), a Roman philosopher and naturalist, recommended the use of animal bladder ( 膀 胱 ) skins to stop dust from being taken in. After that, his idea was considered the very first recorded mask invention.
16th century
Early inventions did not stop with Pliny. Many centuries later, Italian artist and inventor Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), put forward a suggestion of using a wet cloth over the face to protect against the harmful chemicals.
19th century
The design of the mask took a big step forward in the 19th century. In 1848, American Lewis Hassley started to patent (注册) a protective mask for miners, which was a landmark. Masks at this stage were similar to gas masks. Later, in 1897, Polish-Austrian doctor Johann von Mikulicz-Radecki designed a simple mask made of one layer of gauze ( 纱 布 ), recommending medical workers to wear it to prevent infection. Since then, surgical masks have appeared.
20th century
In 1910, an epidemic broke out in Northeast China. Chinese doctor Wu Liande designed a cheap face mask called “Wu’s mask”. Made of two layers of surgical
gauze, it could be wrapped (缠绕) around the back of the head and tied in a knot. This mask was praised by experts around the world, as it was easier to make and had a lower production cost.
Modern exploration
With the development of science technology, the materials in masks have been improved to better protect its wearer. For example, in 2012 when China suffered from smog, mask models such as N95 and KN90 became highly popular. In the future, masks will continue to improve, hopefully so will the habits of humans.
The_____56_____of the mask
Wearing masks is of great _____57_____ to protect oneself against the illness. In fact, masks have been helping humans for centuries.
1st century
◆ Many people in Roman Empire couldn’t afford their family______58______they worked underground in mines. But after several years’ work, most of them had difficulty breathing normally and finally died.
◆ It was Pliny the Elder who_____59_____with this problem by recommending the use of animal bladder (膀胱) skins to stop dust. This is the first recorded mask.
16th century
◆ To avoid the harmful chemicals, Leonardo da Vinci _____60_____a suggestion of using a wet cloth over the face for us.
19th century
◆ In 1848, American Lewis Hassley became the ______61______ person to patent (注册专利) a protective mask for miners, which was a landmark.
◆ In 1897, Polish-Austrian doctor Johann von designed a simple mask made of one layer of gauze ( 纱 布 ) and recommended medical workers to wear it. That was _____62_____surgical masks appeared.
20th century
◆In 1910, the face mask called “Wu’s mask” was spoken highly of by experts around the world, as it cost _____63_____and was made more easily.
Modern exploration
◆ With the development of science technology, the materials in masks have been improved to reduce the_____64_____of getting illness.
◆ In the future, it is ______65______that masks will continue to improve, as well as the habits of humans.
【答案】56. history
57. use 58. so
59. dealt 60. provided
61. first 62. how
63. less 64. risk
65. hoped
【解析】本文主要讲述了口罩的历史。
56. 主旨大意题。根据第1大段“Let’s take a look at something about masks.”我们来看一下口罩的一些东西；再联系小标题“1st century”“ 16th century”“ 19th century”“ 20th century”1世纪，16世纪，19世纪，20世纪。可知，本文主要讲述了口罩的历史。故答案填history。
57. 细节理解题。根据第1大段“it is useful for many people to wear masks to avoid illness.”戴口罩对于很多人来说避免疾病是有用的。可知，是有用的；空格处缺少名词表示有用。故答案填use。
58. 细节理解题。根据第2大段“During that period, many people in Roman Empire lived a hard life and had to work underground in mines to support their families.”罗马帝国的许多人都过着艰苦的生活，不得不在地下矿井工作来养家糊口。可知，罗马帝国人因为不能养家糊口所以不得不在地下矿井工作。空格处缺少连词所以。故答案填so。
59. 细节理解题。根据第2大段“To solve this problem, Pliny the Elder (23-79 AD), a Roman philosopher and naturalist, recommended the use of animal bladder ( 膀 胱 ) skins to stop dust from being taken in.”为了解决这个问题，普林尼推荐用膀胱皮来阻止空气进入。可知，空格处的意思是解决这个问题，deal with解决，一般过去时，动词用过去式。故答案填dealt。
60. 细节理解题。根据第3大段“Italian artist and inventor Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), put forward a suggestion of using a wet cloth over the face to protect against the harmful chemicals.”意大利的达芬奇建议用湿布覆盖脸来预防这些有害的化学物质。可知，空格处缺少动词表示提供，给某人提供某物provide sth. for sb.；一般过去时动词用一般过去式。故答案填provided。
61. 细节理解题。根据第4大段“In 1848, American Lewis Hassley started to patent (注册) a protective mask for miners, which was a landmark.” 1848年，美国的刘易斯开始为矿工申请保护面罩，可知，刘易斯成为了为矿工申请保护面罩的第一人。第一first。故答案填first。
62. 细节理解题。根据第4大段“Later, in 1897, Polish-Austrian doctor Johann von Mikulicz-Radecki designed a simple mask made of one layer of gauze ( 纱 布 ), recommending medical workers to wear it to prevent infection. Since then, surgical masks have appeared.” 1897年，Johann设计了一层纱布的简单面罩，建议医护人员戴以防被感染，从那时开始，外科口罩就出现了。可知，这就是外科口罩生产的过程。空格处缺少单词表示怎么样。故答案填how。
63. 细节理解题。根据第5大段“This mask was praised by experts around the world, as it was easier to make and had a lower production cost.”这种口罩因为容易生产，生产成本更低被全世界的专家所称赞。可知，是花费更少，less更少，故答案填less。
64. 细节理解题。根据第6大段“With the development of science technology, the materials in masks have been improved to better protect its wearer.” 随着科学技术的发展，口罩的材料已的改进了，以更好地保护佩戴者。可知，是为了减少人们生病的风险；句子成分分析，空格处缺少名称表示风险，risk风险，可数名词，特指生病的风险用单数形式。故答案填risk。
65. 细节理解题。根据第6大段“In the future, masks will continue to improve, hopefully so will the habits of humans.”在未来，口罩将继续改进，希望人类的习惯也会改善。可知，人类的习惯和口罩被寄予了希望。空格处缺少动词过去分词形式表示被希望，希望hope。故答案填hoped。
【母题2】【来源】【2020 • 江苏省江阴市华士一模】
What do you think being beauty really means? All answers to that question are correct, because there are no right or wrong replies. Despite(不管) what society tries to make us believe, there is no “ideal” beauty. There are exact standards—hair colour, or eye colour—that make someone beautiful. Think about it: did you consider someone to be really beautiful, but your friend didn’t see it? That’s because what’s attractive to one person isn’t necessarily going to be attractive to another. So how can we believe that there’s a standard for beauty? It makes no sense.
Weight-loss companies and clothing industries seem to have made it their goal to get us believe that we are not enough and that we need all kinds of things to be prettier. It’s not true! Companies sell us this ideas for their products to make money. I’m not saying that buying beauty products is bad, but what would be bad is using them because you feel like you have to look a certain way in order to be “beautiful”.
Remember, the people wear tons of make-up and are photoshopped in order to look perfect. When you see a girl who society considers as a “great body”, you have to remember that people have different body types and everyone’s body is different. We’re all beautiful, whether we’re slim, thickset or anywhere in between. If you want to lose weight, go ahead, but do it in a healthy way and do it for the right reason—not because you want to fit in. Being comfortable with yourself is really important, and being with others who accept you as you are and don’t ask you to change to look a specific(特定的) way is important too.
Beauty standards
What being
beautiful means
●It’s not ___72___ to give an answer to the question.
●One’s beauty cannot be decided by exact standards.
●People have ___73___ ideas about beauty.
Social factors
●Weight-loss companies and clothing industries ___74___ our ideas about beauty for the sales of their products.
●It’s bad to use products in order to fit in with a certain standard.
___75___
●People have different body types and each of us has our own beauty.
●It’s OK to lose weight but remember to do it ___76___.
●It’s important for you to accept the way you are and spend time with people who don’t ask you to change the way you look.
【答案】72. easy
73. different
74. influence
75. Suggestions
76. healthily
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要谈论美。首先，谈论什么是美，美没有统一的标准。其次，谈论影响美的社会因素，第三，对于怎样看待美，作者给出了建议。
72. 句意：回答这个问题不容易。根据第一段第一句What do you think being beauty really means? All answers to that question are correct, because there are no right or wrong replies.（你认为美到底是什么？这个问题的所有答案都是正确的，因为没有正确或错误的答案。）可知“回答这个问题不容易。”结合句意可知答案是easy 。
73. 句意：人们对美有不同的看法。根据第1段第5句Think about it: did you consider someone to be really beautiful, but your friend didn’t see it? That’s because what’s attractive to one person isn’t necessarily going to be attractive to another.（想一想：你认为某人真的很漂亮，但你的朋友没有看到吗？这是因为对一个人有吸引力的东西不一定对另一个人有吸引力。）可知“人们对美有不同的看法。”结合句意可知答案是different 。
74. 句意：减肥公司和服装行业会影响我们对美的看法，目的是为了美容产品销售。根据第2段第2句Weight-loss companies and clothing industries seem to have made it their goal to get us believe that we are not enough and that we need all kinds of things to be prettier.（减肥公司和服装行业似乎已经把让我们相信我们不够美丽定为他们的目标，我们需要各种各样的东西变得更漂亮。）可知“减肥公司和服装行业会影响我们对的看法，目的是为了美容产品销售。” 结合句意可知答案是influence 。
75. 句意：建议。根据右边表格“1.人有不同的体型，我们每个人都有自己的美。2.减肥没关系，但记住要健康。3.你必须接受你现在的样子，花时间和那些不要求你改变你外表的人在一起。”可知是“建议”。可数名词要使用复数，表示泛指，可数名词单数不可单独使用；结合句意可知答案是Suggestions 。
76. 句意：减肥没关系，但记住要健康。根据第3段第4句If you want to lose weight, go ahead, but do it in a healthy way and do it for the right reason—not because you want to fit in.（如果你想减肥，那就去做吧，但是要以健康的方式去做，而且要做的理由是正确的，而不是因为你随波逐流。）可知“减肥没关系，但记住要健康。” 本词修饰动词do可知填副词。in a healthy way副词短语，等于healthily。结合句意可知答案是healthily。
【母题3】【来源】【2020 • 江苏省无锡市惠山区模拟题】
I used to be the messiest (凌乱的) person alive. Over the years, through watching others and by trying again and again, I have finally found ways to come up with plans, organize them and follow through with them.
Make a general list of everything you need to have and do to make your plan happen. Make a list of all steps that need to be completed and think about what needs to be done.
Detail everything completely and read it over so you can start coming up with some good ideas of how to carry out your plans.
You should make sure that if, for some reason, way one doesn’t work, you have way two and way three to depend on. So, different ways are needed at hand. It’s just a matter of being organized. Chances are that there is always more than one way of doing things, and that if one of those ways doesn’t work, one of the others will.
Don’t try to solve more things all at a time. All that does is to slow your progress, take away your attention and make you lose your interest and energy.
Carrying out an effective (有效的) plan requires being as organized as possible. You will only achieve this by sticking to the order of the plan and not changing or trying to do more at a time.
Last but not least, you should never give up things halfway. It will only make everyone around you angry, including yourself. Unfinished plans are a waste of time, energy and, in some cases, even money.
So, don’t be afraid of organization. The older we get, the more necessary it becomes to have the skills to follow through with confidence and to be able to carry through plans in an organized and manageable way. It pays to be organized, after all.
Title: Tips on how to be organized in your life.
Tips
Details
_______52_______
Conclusion
Write down your plan.
List everything you need, _______53_______the steps you will follow.
To make your plan happen.
You shouldn’t be afraid of organization because it is _______54_______ being so.
_______55_______ three Different ways to carry out your plan.
To make sure that you can have some _______56_______ choices when one way doesn’t work.
Do one thing at a time.
Stick to the order of your plan.
To save your interest, motivation and energy.
Finish what you have started.
To get your plan carried out completely.
【答案】52. Purposes /Aims
53. including
54. worth
55. Prepare
56. other
【解析】文章讲到作者以前是个生活很混乱的人，做事没有条理，后来他想出了一些办法来使自己变得井井有条。
52. 根据表格对应列的内容To make your plan happen.可知，这里说的是这样做的目的，英语中“目的”是purpose或者aim，而这里指的是多个目的，所以应该用复数形式，故答案为Purposes /Aims。
53. 根据文中Make a general list of everything you need to have and do to make your plan happen. Make a list of all steps that need to be completed and think about what needs to be done. 把你需要拥有的一切和为实现你的计划所做的一切列一个总的清单。列出需要完成的所有步骤，并思考需要做什么。可知这里说的是要列出所做的一切包括需要完成的所有步骤，故答案为including。
54. 根据文中So, don’t be afraid of organization. The older we get, the more necessary it becomes to have the skills to follow through with confidence and to be able to carry through plans in an organized and manageable way. It pays to be organized, after all.所以，不要害怕组织。年纪越大，就越有必要拥有自信地贯彻执行的技能，并且能够以有组织和可管理的方式执行计划。毕竟，组织起来是值得的。可知这样做是值得的，英语中“值得的”是worth，故答案为worth。
55. 根据文中You should make sure that if, for some reason, way one doesn’t work, you have way two and way three to depend on. So, different ways are needed at hand. 你应该确保，如果，由于某种原因，第一种方法不起作用，你有第二种方法和第三种方法可以依赖。所以，现在需要不同的方法。可知需要准备不同的方法，故答案为Prepare。
56. 根据文中Chances are that there is always more than one way of doing things, and that if one of those ways doesn’t work, one of the others will. 很有可能事情总是有不止一种方法，如果其中一种方法不起作用，另一种方法也会起作用。可知当其中一种方法不奏效时，还要有其他的选择，故答案为other。
【母题4】【来源】【2020 • 江苏省扬州市宝应县一模】
Parents are the most generous people on Earth. However, we often fail to thank them for their efforts and love. And by the time we realize this, it’s too late. So don’t wait for Mother’s Day or Father’s Day to say sweet things to your parents.
“I miss you all the time.” Although you are busy, don’t forget to call your parents and tell them how much you miss them when they are not around.
“I thank you for all your efforts.” Maybe you haven’t thanked them in words, but you surely did it in your mind. Hug(拥抱) them and tell them how much you thank them for their efforts. You can’t possibly give back everything they’ve done for you, but this small act will make them feel special.
“I’m sorry.” You might have said things that hurt them deeply, but they still believe in you and continue to shower their love on you. You may want to go back in time and make everything right. But since that can’t happen, all you can do is say sorry from the bottom of your heart.
“Thank you for making me what I’m today.” You can never thank them enough for this. They’ve always been your strength to move forward in life. They have taught you all the small and big things about life. Let them know they are the real heroes in your life.
“You are great role models.” Your parents have been great role models and you should always respect them. They always encourage you to work hard and become a successful man in life. Even though you may have lost in a race or failed an exam, they were and still are your number one fans.
Things you must say to your parents before it’s too late
Introduction
●You seldom express your___56___for your parents’ efforts and love.
●You don’t say___57___things to them until some special days.
___58___to say
“I miss you all the time.”
●___59___to phone your parents though you have no time.
“I thank you for all your efforts.”
●Show your thanks for their efforts to give you the best life possible.
●A(n)___60___act like a hug will mean everything to them.
“I’m sorry.”
●Your parents will always love you___61___you may hurt them before.
●Say___62___sincerely to your parents since you can’t correct your past mistakes.
“Thank you for making me what I’m today.”
●Realize that your parents make you what you are today.
●Your parents are your real___63___who make you move forward in life.
“You are great role models.”
●You are always encouraged to be___64___and successful.
●Your parents always support you even though you may not___65___in a race or pass an exam.
【答案】56. thanks 57. sweet 58. What 59. Remember 60. small 61. although/ though 62. sorry 63. heroes 64. hard-working 65. win/ succeed
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述父母是世界上最慷慨的人。然而，我们经常不感谢他们的努力和爱。而在我们意识到这一点的时候，已经太晚了。所以不要等到母亲节或父亲节对你的父母说甜言蜜语。虽然你很忙，但不要忘了打电话给你的父母，告诉他们他们不在身边的时候你多么想念他们。
56. 根据短文开头Parents are the most generous people on Earth. However, we often fail to thank them for their efforts and love.可知我们很少表达对父母的努力和爱的感谢。所以填写thanks。
57. 根据第一段末So don’t wait for Mother’s Day or Father’s Day to say sweet things to your parents.可知不要等到母亲节或父亲节才对你的父母说甜言蜜语。所以填写sweet。
58. 根据右栏描述可知这里是说说什么，所以填写What。
59. 根据第二段中Although you are busy, don’t forget to call your parents and tell them how much you miss them when they are not around可知虽然你很忙，但不要忘了打电话给你的父母，告诉他们他们不在身边的时候你多么想念他们。所以填写Remember。
60. 根据第三段中Hug(拥抱) them and tell them how much you thank them for their efforts. You can’t possibly give back everything they’ve done for you, but this small act will make them feel special.可知一个个小小的拥抱会让他们感到特别的，所以填写small。
61. 根据第四段中You might have said things that hurt them deeply, but they still believe in you and continue to shower their love on you.可知尽管以前你伤害了他们，但他们仍然爱你。所以填写although/ though。
62. 根据第四段中You may want to go back in time and make everything right. But since that can’t happen, all you can do is say sorry from the bottom of your heart.可知你应向你的父母说声对不起，因为你不能纠正你的过去的错误。所以填写sorry。
63. 根据第五段中Let them know they are the real heroes in your life.可知让他们知道他们是你生命中真正的英雄。所以填写heroes。
64. 根据最后一段中They always encourage you to work hard and become a successful man in life.可知他们总是鼓励你努力工作，并成为生活中的一个成功的人。所以填写hard-working。
65. 根据短文最后Even though you may have lost in a race or failed an exam, they were and still are your number one fans.可知即使你可能在一场比赛中输了或失败了一场考试，他们仍然是支持你的。所以填写win/ succeed。
【母题5】【来源】【2020 • 江苏省无锡市锡山区期中试题】
We all need physical exercise. Exercise uses up food we eat and keeps the body energetic. If you exercise several times a week, you will stay happy and healthy.
Some Western countries, such as the United States, have problems with exercise. In the US, many people do not have enough exercise because it is hard for them. People have to work from morning to late afternoon, so they don’t have time to take exercise. They work in office buildings, sitting in chairs all day long in front of computers. It is impossible for them to get much exercise in this way.
Some Westerners can get exercise walking from their homes to work. However, most people cannot do this. It is too far from their homes to their offices. They have no choice but to drive to work. In fact, some have to drive one or two hours to their offices. This is not good in two ways. First, these people don’t have a chance to exercise because they are sitting in their cars for two to four hours each day. Second, driving is challenging especially in rush hours and needs too much attention. It makes a person very tired. So, when these people arrive home at night, they don’t want to take exercise after work.
Today, many people in the West are overweight, which causes health problems for them. Doctors say exercise can help people both lose weight and improve their health. So many people are trying to get more exercise. But it takes time to change, and when people don’t see a difference right away, they will lose patience and stop exercising.
Title: Westerners need exercise.
The ___52___that people can get from exercise.
*Help heavy people lose weight.
*Keep you energetic.
*Help you stay healthy and happy.
The___53___why people don’t have enough exercise
*In the USA, many people have no time to ___54___.
*Narrow work environment makes exercise impossible.
*Busy work and tiring driving lead them to ___55___interest in exercise.
The wrong attitude(态度) to exercise that some people have.
People would become ___56___ if they don’t see a difference in a short time.
【答案】52. advantages
53. reasons
54. exercise
55. lose
56. impatient
【解析】本文主要介绍锻炼的重要性以及人们目前运动的现状。
52. 分析第一段并结合表格可知，运动可以帮助肥胖的人减肥、保持精力充沛和帮助保持健康和开心是运动的好处；“好处”可用advantage表示，又因为此处讲述的好处是多个，所以此处使用其复数形式。故填advantages。
53. 分析第二段并结合表格可知，此处描述人们没有足够锻炼的原因；“原因”可用reason表示，又因为此处讲述的原因是多个，所以此处使用其复数形式。故填reasons。
54. 根据第二段中“In the US, many people do not have enough exercise because it is hard for them.”可知，在美国，很多人没有足够的锻炼，因为这对他们来说很难。此处表示“锻炼”，可用exercise表示，此处用于“have no time to do sth”结构中，所以用其动词原形即可。故填exercise。
55. 根据第三段中“It makes a person very tired. So, when these people arrive home at night, they don’t want to take exercise after work.”可知，繁忙的工作和劳累的驾驶导致人们对锻炼失去兴趣。“失去”可用lose表示，此处构成“lead sb to do sth”结构中，表示“导致某人去做某事”，所以此处使用动词原形即可。故填lose。
56. 根据最后一段中“But it takes time to change, and when people don’t see a difference right away, they will lose patience and stop exercising.”可知，改变需要时间，当人们不能马上看到改变，他们就会失去耐心，停止锻炼。此处表示“不耐心的”，用于系动词become后，所以用其形容词形式。故填impatient。
专题24 任务型阅读完成句子或表格
【母题来源1】 【2020 •贵州省安顺市】
【母题原题】
How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends? What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered（递送）? This was how things worked not very long ago. Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed greatly.
Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch with our friends. Social media tools（社交媒体工具） let us see what our friends are busy with and maintain friendships.
The digital （数字）age also enables us to find people who share our interests. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world.
But when you friend people online, does this mean that they really are your friends? It depends.
If people always exchange true personal information online, then yes, these friendships can be real and meaningful. But we need to remember that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person. Sometimes smiling photos can hide real problems. On the Internet, nobody knows you're a dog. A young person could be old；a woman could be a man；we could even be sharing our information with criminals.
But this doesn't mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater. Although technology has changed the way we acquire（获得）friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. As Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods.
66. Ways of making friends and communicating with them have changed greatly because of ________.
67. To stay in touch with our faraway friends, we can ________.
68. Online friendships can be real and meaningful if people ________ with each other.
69. The phrase “throw the baby out with the bathwater” means “________” in Chinese.
70. This passage mainly talks about ________ of making friends online.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文，论述了发达的网络技术使得人们交友和保持友谊更简单了；但网络是把双刃剑，网络上的友情有真也有假，所以人们也要谨慎。
66. advances in technology/ developments in technology
【解析】根据“Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed greatly”，可知是因为技术的发展，故答案为advances in technology/ developments in technology。
67. use social media tools
【解析】根据“Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch with our friends. Social media tools（社交媒体工具） let us see what our friends are busy with and maintain friendships”，可知我们可以使用社交工具，故答案为use social media tools。
68. exchange true personal information/share true personal information
【解析】根据“If people always exchange true personal information online, then yes, these friendships can be real and meaningful”，可知是如果人们交换真实的个人信息，那就是真的友谊，故答案为exchange true personal information/share true personal information。
69. 丢弃不想要的东西的同时失去宝贵的东西
【解析】该句字面意思为“把孩子连洗澡水一起丢掉”，再结合作者的观点，可知其深层含义是“丢弃不想要的东西的同时失去宝贵的东西”，故答案为“丢弃不想要的东西的同时失去宝贵的东西”。
70. advantages and disadvantages
【解析】通读全文，可知文章主要论述了在网上交友的好处和坏处，故答案为advantages and disadvantages。
【母题来源2】【2020 • 贵州省铜仁市】
【母题原题】How to Exercise Well
Warm up. It is important to warm up before you exercise. You need to stretch your legs, arms, back and neck before you do any difficult activities like running.
Find good places to exercise. You do not need to spend a lot of money exercising. You can run or play sports in a park or in your school gym. You don’t need to buy exercise equipment for your home. Just get your body moving!
Don’t work too hard. Choose a sport that you are interested in and then your exercise will be fun instead of work. Also, you only need to exercise a few times each week. If you exercise for 30 minutes each time, you will stay healthy.
Drink enough water. It is important to drink water when you exercise. Your body needs the water for energy and for keeping cool.
Be careful! If you hurt yourself while you are exercising, rest until you feel better. Exercising when you are hurt is bad for your health.
根据以上短文内容，完成下列表格。每空一词。
Warm up.
You need to ___76___ your legs, arms, back and neck before you do any difficult activities like running.
Find good places to exercise.
You can run or play ___77___ in a park or in your school gym.
Don’t work too hard.
Choose a sport that you ___78___ and then your exercise will be fun instead of work.
Drink enough water.
Your ___79___ needs the water for energy and for keeping cool.
Be careful!
If you hurt yourself ___80___ exercising, rest until you feel better.
【文章大意】本文讲述了锻炼需要注意的几个问题。
76. stretch
【解析】根据文中的句子“You need to stretch your legs, arms, back and neck before you do any difficult activities like running.”句中谈到了在你做任何像跑步这样的困难活动之前，你需要伸展（stretch）你的腿、胳膊、背和脖子。故答案为stretch。
77. sports
【解析】根据文中的句子“You can run or play sports in a park or in your school gym.”句中谈到，你可以跑步或者是做运动（play sports）。故答案为sports。
78. like/enjoy/love
【解析】文中的句子“Choose a sport that you are interested in and then your exercise will be fun instead of work.”与问题句相对比，可知文中的“are interested in”（对……感兴趣）和“like/enjoy/love”同义。这是在表达一种事实，属于一般现在时，因为主语是you，所以用动词原形。故答案为like/enjoy/love。
79. body
【解析】根据文中的句子“Your body needs the water for energy and for keeping cool.”可知你的身体（body）需要水来补充能量。故答案为body。
80. while
【解析】根据文中的句子“If you hurt yourself while you are exercising, rest until you feel better.”句中谈到了如果你在锻炼的时候伤到了自己。故答案为while。
【母题来源3】【2020 •黑龙江哈尔滨市】
【母题原题】Have you ever heard of Iceland? Iceland is a European country. It used to be one of the richest countries in the world. Its total area is 103 thousand square kilometers. Summer in Iceland is very short, which lasts from June to August. Its winter starts from September and ends next May.
In 1980, Iceland started to develop its tourist industry. Forty years has passed since then. In summer, plenty of tourists from all over the world come here to have a visit. In winter, people in Iceland have to spend the long dark night. They usually have a lot of special activities, such as skating, riding snow motorbikes and having parties to have an exciting night.
Because of a long cold winter, Iceland has a short growing season. Food problem was always a headache for Iceland in the past. Now the problem is being solved.
Iceland — a Country in___75___
Its total area
103,000___76___kilometers
When Iceland started to develop its tourist industry
Forty years___77___
What people do to have an exciting night in winter
They___78___, ride snow motorbikes and have parties.
Why Iceland has a short___79___season
Because of a long cold winter
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一个欧洲国家——冰岛的面积、气候特征、旅游业的发展及其曾经面临的食品问题。
75. Europe
【解析】根据第1段中“Iceland is a European country.”讲冰岛是个欧洲国家，可知冰岛在欧洲，介词in后接European的名词形式Europe。故答案为Europe。
76. square
【解析】根据第1段中“Its total area is 103 thousand square kilometers.”可知冰岛的总面积是103,000平方公里，结合题干中“103,000 ____ kilometers”可知此处缺少square。故答案为square。
77. ago
【解析】根据第2段中“In 1980, Iceland started to develop its tourist industry.”可知1980年冰岛开始发展旅游业，现在是2020年，结合题干中“Forty years ____”可知此处是说40年前，用ago表示“以前”。故答案为ago。
78. skate
【解析】根据第2段中“They usually have a lot of special activities, such as skating, riding snow motorbikes and having parties to have an exciting night.”可知冬天人们会滑冰、骑雪上摩托和聚会来度过一个激动人心的夜晚，结合题干“They ____, ride snow motorbikes and have parties.”中and连接并列的谓语结构，ride和have都用原形，可知此处要用动词原形skate。故答案为skate。
79. growing
【解析】根据最后一段中“Because of a long cold winter, Iceland has a short growing season.”可知漫长的寒冬是冰岛植物生长季短的原因，此处用growing与原文保持一致。故答案为growing。
【母题来源4】【2020 •四川省成都市】
【母题原题】
Confucius’ life and thought
Confucius(551—479 BC) was a great thinker and teacher in the Spring and Autumn Period of China. He was born in Qufu, capital of the state of Lu (part of Shandong). He acted as an official(官员) there. But he was perhaps a better thinker than he was an official and he ended up having to leave the state of Lu. He spent 13 years travelling around the other states, spreading his ideas. And he tried to teach people that peace was very important for a healthy society. However, it was not until the rule of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty(156-87 BC) that his ideas were finally put into practice. In his last few years, he returned to Qufu where he spent the rest of his life teaching. His teachings were recorded by his followers in a book called Lunyu.
Confucius’ teachings formed the base of Chinese thought. Confucius thought everyone should develop virtues(美德) and always do the right thing. Confucius’ thought is considered to have been the necessity of Eastern thought.
To help people understand how to behave towards others, he taught five virtues accepted by all Chinese. They are ren(kindness, charity), yi (fairness), li(ceremony, tradition), zhi(knowledge), and xin(trust). Another virtue is xiao. Xiao is the duties a person has to their parents. It means loving, respecting, obeying(服从), and taking care of one’s parents in their old age. Xiao forms the base of a peaceful society. And he is the final goal according to his thought. It means social peace.
Here’s one of Confucius’ famous sayings, “Do not do to others as you do not wish to be done to you.” Another saying of his is “In the company of two others, I can always find one worthy of being my teacher.”
It is clear that Confucius’ thought will continue to be a necessary part of Chinese culture. And it will continue to do something good to the development of China and even the whole world.
_______76_______
* working as an official
* travelling around to spread his ideas
* teaching in Qufu
Achievements
* the book called Lunyu
* the base of Chinese thought
* a necessary part of ___77___ and ___78___.
* a help for the development of China and the world
Main thought
*____79____
* doing the right thing
* building a peaceful society (he)
Virtues
*ren: kindness, charity * yi: fairness
*li: ceremony, tradition *zhi: knowledge * xin: trust
* xiao: to love, respect, obey and take care of parents
___80___ is one of the virtues and people who believe in it will love everyone in the world.
Famous sayings
A. Do not do to others as you do not wish to be done to you.
B. In the company of two others, I can always find one worthy of being my teacher.
Saying A teaches us how to ___81___ while Saying B is to tell people we can always ___82___.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了著名思想家孔子的生平及其思想。
76. Experiences
【解析】根据本方框内容* working as an official * travelling around to spread his ideas * teaching in Qufu可知，此处是介绍孔子的经历。故答案为Experiences。
77. Eastern thought
【解析】根据原文Confucius’ thought is considered to have been the necessity of Eastern thought可知，孔子的思想是东方思想的一个必要组成部分。故答案为Eastern thought
78. Chinese culture
【解析】根据原文It is clear that Confucius’ thought will continue to be a necessary part of Chinese culture可知，孔子的思想是中国文化的一个必要组成部分。故答案为Chinese culture。
79. developing virtues
【解析】根据原文To help people understand how to behave towards others, he taught five virtues accepted by all Chinese可知，孔子的主要思想有培养5种美德。故答案为developing virtues。
80. Ren
【解析】根据原文They are ren(kindness, charity), yi(fairness), li(ceremony, tradition), zhi(knowledge), and xin(trust)可知，孔子提倡“仁义礼智信”五种美德，其中“仁”是一种美德，相信它的人会爱世界上的每一个人。故答案为Ren。
81. treat others(and ourselves)/behave towards others
【解析】名言A意思为“己所不欲，勿施于人”，这句话教会人们的是如何对待他人以及自己。故答案为treat others(and ourselves)/ behave towards others。
82. learn from others
【解析】名言B意思为“三人行必有我师焉”，这句话教会人们的是我们总能从其他人身上学到一些东西。故答案为learn from others。
【母题来源6】【2020 • 四川乐山中考】
【母题原题】Trees are one of the oldest “citizens” of our earth. They keep our air clean, reduce noise pollution, improve water quality and provide food and building materials.
Just like us, trees change a lot as they grow. At 1 to 3 years old, young trees learn how to grow up safely. For example, many trees grow thorns to warn animals not to go near. Most young trees have large, deep green leaves so that they can catch enough sunlight and change it into their food and energy.
When trees are 4 years old, they begin to grow very rapidly and become strong enough to face challenges later in life. At the age of 15, trees become young adults. They grow more slowly and begin to produce flowers and fruit.
It is not until the tree is 20 to 25 years old that it becomes a real adult. The tree reaches its largest size. The adult tree gives us shade, oxygen and natural beauty. It is also a great place for a tree house, or a place for us to read a book, listen to music and so on. If we give the adult tree proper care, it will go on to live healthily for many years.
Gradually trees begin to grow older and older and even die. At this time, they still have their important place in nature. When a tree becomes hollow or part of it becomes dead, it provides a home for small animals and is a source of food for many other animals.
In many ways, the life of a tree is similar to our own life experience. When we are looking at the life of a tree, we learn that each period of life brings its own form of joy and challenge. Enjoy every minute of the life of the trees and look after the trees!
The ① of a Tree
Something useful
Improve the environment and offer ② and materials for building.
Changes as they ③
1 – 3 years old
Learn ways to grow up
④ .
Grow thorns to warn animals.
Catch enough sunlight with large green leaves.
4 years old
Grow quickly and become ⑤ .
⑥ years old
Grow slowly and produce flowers and fruit.
20 -25 years old
Become real
⑦ .
Give people a lot such as oxygen and good places to relax.
Live longer if people take ⑧ of them properly.
Grow older or die
Be still ⑨ in nature.
Conclusion
A tree's life is the ⑩ as our life experience in many ways.
71. ①________
72. ②________
73. ③________
74. ④________
75. ⑤________
76. ⑥________
77. ⑦________
78. ⑧________
79. ⑨________
80. ⑩________
【文章大意】本文介绍的是树木的从小到大的生长过程以及对人类的贡献，如：提供氧气、阴凉、改善水的质量，提供建筑的材料等；当树木空心快要死亡时，也为小动物提供居住场所和食物。享受与树木的每一分钟并爱护树木。
71. life
【解析】根据文章的大体内容，主要讲述的是树木从小到大的成长及对人类的贡献，讲述的树的一生“life”，故答案为life。
72. food
【解析】根据“They keep our air clean, reduce noise pollution, improve water quality and provide food and building materials.它们保持我们的空气清洁，减少噪音污染，改善水质，并提供食物和建筑材料。”可知应该是“提供食物”，故答案为food。
73. grow
【解析】根据“Just like us, trees change a lot as they grow. 就像我们一样，树木在成长过程中变化很大。”可知应该是“成长grow”，故答案为grow。
74. safely
【解析】根据“At 1 to 3 years old, young trees learn how to grow up safely. 在1到3岁的时候，小树就会学会如何安全地成长。”可知是副词“safely安全地”修饰动词短语grow up，故答案为safely。
75. strong
【解析】根据“When trees are 4 years old, they begin to grow very rapidly and become strong enough to face challenges later in life.当树木长到4岁时，它们开始生长得非常快，变得足够强壮，可以在以后的生活中面对挑战。”可知应该是变得强壮“strong”，故答案为strong。
76. 15
【解析】根据“At the age of 15, trees become young adults. They grow more slowly and begin to produce flowers and fruit.到了15岁，树木就变成了年轻的成年人。它们生长较慢，开始开花结果。”，可知是15岁，故答案为15。
77. adults
【解析】根据“It is not until the tree is 20 to 25 years old that it becomes a real adult直到这棵树长到20到25岁，它才会成为真正的成年人。”，可知是成为真正的成年人“adult”，故答案为adults。
78. care
【解析】根据“If we give the adult tree proper care, it will go on to live healthily for many years. 如果我们给成年树适当的照顾，它就会健康地生活很多年。”，可知是照顾“take care of”成年树木，故答案为care。
79. important
【解析】根据“Gradually, trees begin to grow older and older and even die. At this time, they still have their important place in nature. 渐渐地，树木开始变得越来越老，甚至死亡。此时，它们在自然界中仍占有重要地位。”，可知是重要的“important”，故答案为important。
80. same
【解析】根据“In many ways, the life of a tree is similar to our own life experience. 在许多方面，树的生活与我们自己的生活经历相似。”，be similar to类似于，观察表格中这里用的是“the same as与……相同”，故答案为same。
【考试方向】
分析近3年各地市中考英语真题可知，完成表格型阅读的话题通常是与日常生活息息相关，包括观点建议类、介绍类、文化风俗类、环境保护类、饮食与健康类及科普知识类。词数为200—260词。文章以表格形式设空，设5空。至少4道题的答案可以在文中直接找出，有1道题需要总结概括，如文章的标题或某一段的小标题。文体以记叙文和说明文为主。
【得分要点】
解答此类题型， 需要按照＂查表→析文→填表＂的思路进行：
1. 查表。阅读表格， 分析表格的项目内容和结构特征， 从而把握信息范围及对文章的理解方向。要特别关注文章的标题栏和表格前的小标题， 这样有助于理解文章大意。
2. 析文。快速浏览全文， 把握文章大意；再仔细阅读文章内容， 找准细节定位。阅读文章是， 要利用多种阅读技巧， 对文章进行全面理解。
3. 填表。进行填表。多数题目的答案可以在文章中直接找出；少数题目需要在分析原文的基础上， 结合题目对文章进行理解归纳答案；还需注重书写习惯， 多注意大小写的运用。
【母题1】【来源】【2020 • 江苏省南京市建邺区二模】
Because of the novel coronavirus, it is useful for many people to wear masks to avoid illness. In fact, masks have been helping humans for centuries. Let’s take a look at something about masks.
1st century
During that period, many people in Roman Empire lived a hard life and had to work underground in mines to support their families. But after several years’ work, most of them had difficulty breathing normally and finally died. To solve this problem, Pliny the Elder (23-79 AD), a Roman philosopher and naturalist, recommended the use of animal bladder ( 膀 胱 ) skins to stop dust from being taken in. After that, his idea was considered the very first recorded mask invention.
16th century
Early inventions did not stop with Pliny. Many centuries later, Italian artist and inventor Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), put forward a suggestion of using a wet cloth over the face to protect against the harmful chemicals.
19th century
The design of the mask took a big step forward in the 19th century. In 1848, American Lewis Hassley started to patent (注册) a protective mask for miners, which was a landmark. Masks at this stage were similar to gas masks. Later, in 1897, Polish-Austrian doctor Johann von Mikulicz-Radecki designed a simple mask made of one layer of gauze ( 纱 布 ), recommending medical workers to wear it to prevent infection. Since then, surgical masks have appeared.
20th century
In 1910, an epidemic broke out in Northeast China. Chinese doctor Wu Liande designed a cheap face mask called “Wu’s mask”. Made of two layers of surgical
gauze, it could be wrapped (缠绕) around the back of the head and tied in a knot. This mask was praised by experts around the world, as it was easier to make and had a lower production cost.
Modern exploration
With the development of science technology, the materials in masks have been improved to better protect its wearer. For example, in 2012 when China suffered from smog, mask models such as N95 and KN90 became highly popular. In the future, masks will continue to improve, hopefully so will the habits of humans.
The_____56_____of the mask
Wearing masks is of great _____57_____ to protect oneself against the illness. In fact, masks have been helping humans for centuries.
1st century
◆ Many people in Roman Empire couldn’t afford their family______58______they worked underground in mines. But after several years’ work, most of them had difficulty breathing normally and finally died.
◆ It was Pliny the Elder who_____59_____with this problem by recommending the use of animal bladder (膀胱) skins to stop dust. This is the first recorded mask.
16th century
◆ To avoid the harmful chemicals, Leonardo da Vinci _____60_____a suggestion of using a wet cloth over the face for us.
19th century
◆ In 1848, American Lewis Hassley became the ______61______ person to patent (注册专利) a protective mask for miners, which was a landmark.
◆ In 1897, Polish-Austrian doctor Johann von designed a simple mask made of one layer of gauze ( 纱 布 ) and recommended medical workers to wear it. That was _____62_____surgical masks appeared.
20th century
◆In 1910, the face mask called “Wu’s mask” was spoken highly of by experts around the world, as it cost _____63_____and was made more easily.
Modern exploration
◆ With the development of science technology, the materials in masks have been improved to reduce the_____64_____of getting illness.
◆ In the future, it is ______65______that masks will continue to improve, as well as the habits of humans.
【答案】56. history
57. use 58. so
59. dealt 60. provided
61. first 62. how
63. less 64. risk
65. hoped
【解析】本文主要讲述了口罩的历史。
56. 主旨大意题。根据第1大段“Let’s take a look at something about masks.”我们来看一下口罩的一些东西；再联系小标题“1st century”“ 16th century”“ 19th century”“ 20th century”1世纪，16世纪，19世纪，20世纪。可知，本文主要讲述了口罩的历史。故答案填history。
57. 细节理解题。根据第1大段“it is useful for many people to wear masks to avoid illness.”戴口罩对于很多人来说避免疾病是有用的。可知，是有用的；空格处缺少名词表示有用。故答案填use。
58. 细节理解题。根据第2大段“During that period, many people in Roman Empire lived a hard life and had to work underground in mines to support their families.”罗马帝国的许多人都过着艰苦的生活，不得不在地下矿井工作来养家糊口。可知，罗马帝国人因为不能养家糊口所以不得不在地下矿井工作。空格处缺少连词所以。故答案填so。
59. 细节理解题。根据第2大段“To solve this problem, Pliny the Elder (23-79 AD), a Roman philosopher and naturalist, recommended the use of animal bladder ( 膀 胱 ) skins to stop dust from being taken in.”为了解决这个问题，普林尼推荐用膀胱皮来阻止空气进入。可知，空格处的意思是解决这个问题，deal with解决，一般过去时，动词用过去式。故答案填dealt。
60. 细节理解题。根据第3大段“Italian artist and inventor Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), put forward a suggestion of using a wet cloth over the face to protect against the harmful chemicals.”意大利的达芬奇建议用湿布覆盖脸来预防这些有害的化学物质。可知，空格处缺少动词表示提供，给某人提供某物provide sth. for sb.；一般过去时动词用一般过去式。故答案填provided。
61. 细节理解题。根据第4大段“In 1848, American Lewis Hassley started to patent (注册) a protective mask for miners, which was a landmark.” 1848年，美国的刘易斯开始为矿工申请保护面罩，可知，刘易斯成为了为矿工申请保护面罩的第一人。第一first。故答案填first。
62. 细节理解题。根据第4大段“Later, in 1897, Polish-Austrian doctor Johann von Mikulicz-Radecki designed a simple mask made of one layer of gauze ( 纱 布 ), recommending medical workers to wear it to prevent infection. Since then, surgical masks have appeared.” 1897年，Johann设计了一层纱布的简单面罩，建议医护人员戴以防被感染，从那时开始，外科口罩就出现了。可知，这就是外科口罩生产的过程。空格处缺少单词表示怎么样。故答案填how。
63. 细节理解题。根据第5大段“This mask was praised by experts around the world, as it was easier to make and had a lower production cost.”这种口罩因为容易生产，生产成本更低被全世界的专家所称赞。可知，是花费更少，less更少，故答案填less。
64. 细节理解题。根据第6大段“With the development of science technology, the materials in masks have been improved to better protect its wearer.” 随着科学技术的发展，口罩的材料已的改进了，以更好地保护佩戴者。可知，是为了减少人们生病的风险；句子成分分析，空格处缺少名称表示风险，risk风险，可数名词，特指生病的风险用单数形式。故答案填risk。
65. 细节理解题。根据第6大段“In the future, masks will continue to improve, hopefully so will the habits of humans.”在未来，口罩将继续改进，希望人类的习惯也会改善。可知，人类的习惯和口罩被寄予了希望。空格处缺少动词过去分词形式表示被希望，希望hope。故答案填hoped。
【母题2】【来源】【2020 • 江苏省江阴市华士一模】
What do you think being beauty really means? All answers to that question are correct, because there are no right or wrong replies. Despite(不管) what society tries to make us believe, there is no “ideal” beauty. There are exact standards—hair colour, or eye colour—that make someone beautiful. Think about it: did you consider someone to be really beautiful, but your friend didn’t see it? That’s because what’s attractive to one person isn’t necessarily going to be attractive to another. So how can we believe that there’s a standard for beauty? It makes no sense.
Weight-loss companies and clothing industries seem to have made it their goal to get us believe that we are not enough and that we need all kinds of things to be prettier. It’s not true! Companies sell us this ideas for their products to make money. I’m not saying that buying beauty products is bad, but what would be bad is using them because you feel like you have to look a certain way in order to be “beautiful”.
Remember, the people wear tons of make-up and are photoshopped in order to look perfect. When you see a girl who society considers as a “great body”, you have to remember that people have different body types and everyone’s body is different. We’re all beautiful, whether we’re slim, thickset or anywhere in between. If you want to lose weight, go ahead, but do it in a healthy way and do it for the right reason—not because you want to fit in. Being comfortable with yourself is really important, and being with others who accept you as you are and don’t ask you to change to look a specific(特定的) way is important too.
Beauty standards
What being
beautiful means
●It’s not ___72___ to give an answer to the question.
●One’s beauty cannot be decided by exact standards.
●People have ___73___ ideas about beauty.
Social factors
●Weight-loss companies and clothing industries ___74___ our ideas about beauty for the sales of their products.
●It’s bad to use products in order to fit in with a certain standard.
___75___
●People have different body types and each of us has our own beauty.
●It’s OK to lose weight but remember to do it ___76___.
●It’s important for you to accept the way you are and spend time with people who don’t ask you to change the way you look.
【答案】72. easy
73. different
74. influence
75. Suggestions
76. healthily
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要谈论美。首先，谈论什么是美，美没有统一的标准。其次，谈论影响美的社会因素，第三，对于怎样看待美，作者给出了建议。
72. 句意：回答这个问题不容易。根据第一段第一句What do you think being beauty really means? All answers to that question are correct, because there are no right or wrong replies.（你认为美到底是什么？这个问题的所有答案都是正确的，因为没有正确或错误的答案。）可知“回答这个问题不容易。”结合句意可知答案是easy 。
73. 句意：人们对美有不同的看法。根据第1段第5句Think about it: did you consider someone to be really beautiful, but your friend didn’t see it? That’s because what’s attractive to one person isn’t necessarily going to be attractive to another.（想一想：你认为某人真的很漂亮，但你的朋友没有看到吗？这是因为对一个人有吸引力的东西不一定对另一个人有吸引力。）可知“人们对美有不同的看法。”结合句意可知答案是different 。
74. 句意：减肥公司和服装行业会影响我们对美的看法，目的是为了美容产品销售。根据第2段第2句Weight-loss companies and clothing industries seem to have made it their goal to get us believe that we are not enough and that we need all kinds of things to be prettier.（减肥公司和服装行业似乎已经把让我们相信我们不够美丽定为他们的目标，我们需要各种各样的东西变得更漂亮。）可知“减肥公司和服装行业会影响我们对的看法，目的是为了美容产品销售。” 结合句意可知答案是influence 。
75. 句意：建议。根据右边表格“1.人有不同的体型，我们每个人都有自己的美。2.减肥没关系，但记住要健康。3.你必须接受你现在的样子，花时间和那些不要求你改变你外表的人在一起。”可知是“建议”。可数名词要使用复数，表示泛指，可数名词单数不可单独使用；结合句意可知答案是Suggestions 。
76. 句意：减肥没关系，但记住要健康。根据第3段第4句If you want to lose weight, go ahead, but do it in a healthy way and do it for the right reason—not because you want to fit in.（如果你想减肥，那就去做吧，但是要以健康的方式去做，而且要做的理由是正确的，而不是因为你随波逐流。）可知“减肥没关系，但记住要健康。” 本词修饰动词do可知填副词。in a healthy way副词短语，等于healthily。结合句意可知答案是healthily。
【母题3】【来源】【2020 • 江苏省无锡市惠山区模拟题】
I used to be the messiest (凌乱的) person alive. Over the years, through watching others and by trying again and again, I have finally found ways to come up with plans, organize them and follow through with them.
Make a general list of everything you need to have and do to make your plan happen. Make a list of all steps that need to be completed and think about what needs to be done.
Detail everything completely and read it over so you can start coming up with some good ideas of how to carry out your plans.
You should make sure that if, for some reason, way one doesn’t work, you have way two and way three to depend on. So, different ways are needed at hand. It’s just a matter of being organized. Chances are that there is always more than one way of doing things, and that if one of those ways doesn’t work, one of the others will.
Don’t try to solve more things all at a time. All that does is to slow your progress, take away your attention and make you lose your interest and energy.
Carrying out an effective (有效的) plan requires being as organized as possible. You will only achieve this by sticking to the order of the plan and not changing or trying to do more at a time.
Last but not least, you should never give up things halfway. It will only make everyone around you angry, including yourself. Unfinished plans are a waste of time, energy and, in some cases, even money.
So, don’t be afraid of organization. The older we get, the more necessary it becomes to have the skills to follow through with confidence and to be able to carry through plans in an organized and manageable way. It pays to be organized, after all.
Title: Tips on how to be organized in your life.
Tips
Details
_______52_______
Conclusion
Write down your plan.
List everything you need, _______53_______the steps you will follow.
To make your plan happen.
You shouldn’t be afraid of organization because it is _______54_______ being so.
_______55_______ three Different ways to carry out your plan.
To make sure that you can have some _______56_______ choices when one way doesn’t work.
Do one thing at a time.
Stick to the order of your plan.
To save your interest, motivation and energy.
Finish what you have started.
To get your plan carried out completely.
【答案】52. Purposes /Aims
53. including
54. worth
55. Prepare
56. other
【解析】文章讲到作者以前是个生活很混乱的人，做事没有条理，后来他想出了一些办法来使自己变得井井有条。
52. 根据表格对应列的内容To make your plan happen.可知，这里说的是这样做的目的，英语中“目的”是purpose或者aim，而这里指的是多个目的，所以应该用复数形式，故答案为Purposes /Aims。
53. 根据文中Make a general list of everything you need to have and do to make your plan happen. Make a list of all steps that need to be completed and think about what needs to be done. 把你需要拥有的一切和为实现你的计划所做的一切列一个总的清单。列出需要完成的所有步骤，并思考需要做什么。可知这里说的是要列出所做的一切包括需要完成的所有步骤，故答案为including。
54. 根据文中So, don’t be afraid of organization. The older we get, the more necessary it becomes to have the skills to follow through with confidence and to be able to carry through plans in an organized and manageable way. It pays to be organized, after all.所以，不要害怕组织。年纪越大，就越有必要拥有自信地贯彻执行的技能，并且能够以有组织和可管理的方式执行计划。毕竟，组织起来是值得的。可知这样做是值得的，英语中“值得的”是worth，故答案为worth。
55. 根据文中You should make sure that if, for some reason, way one doesn’t work, you have way two and way three to depend on. So, different ways are needed at hand. 你应该确保，如果，由于某种原因，第一种方法不起作用，你有第二种方法和第三种方法可以依赖。所以，现在需要不同的方法。可知需要准备不同的方法，故答案为Prepare。
56. 根据文中Chances are that there is always more than one way of doing things, and that if one of those ways doesn’t work, one of the others will. 很有可能事情总是有不止一种方法，如果其中一种方法不起作用，另一种方法也会起作用。可知当其中一种方法不奏效时，还要有其他的选择，故答案为other。
【母题4】【来源】【2020 • 江苏省扬州市宝应县一模】
Parents are the most generous people on Earth. However, we often fail to thank them for their efforts and love. And by the time we realize this, it’s too late. So don’t wait for Mother’s Day or Father’s Day to say sweet things to your parents.
“I miss you all the time.” Although you are busy, don’t forget to call your parents and tell them how much you miss them when they are not around.
“I thank you for all your efforts.” Maybe you haven’t thanked them in words, but you surely did it in your mind. Hug(拥抱) them and tell them how much you thank them for their efforts. You can’t possibly give back everything they’ve done for you, but this small act will make them feel special.
“I’m sorry.” You might have said things that hurt them deeply, but they still believe in you and continue to shower their love on you. You may want to go back in time and make everything right. But since that can’t happen, all you can do is say sorry from the bottom of your heart.
“Thank you for making me what I’m today.” You can never thank them enough for this. They’ve always been your strength to move forward in life. They have taught you all the small and big things about life. Let them know they are the real heroes in your life.
“You are great role models.” Your parents have been great role models and you should always respect them. They always encourage you to work hard and become a successful man in life. Even though you may have lost in a race or failed an exam, they were and still are your number one fans.
Things you must say to your parents before it’s too late
Introduction
●You seldom express your___56___for your parents’ efforts and love.
●You don’t say___57___things to them until some special days.
___58___to say
“I miss you all the time.”
●___59___to phone your parents though you have no time.
“I thank you for all your efforts.”
●Show your thanks for their efforts to give you the best life possible.
●A(n)___60___act like a hug will mean everything to them.
“I’m sorry.”
●Your parents will always love you___61___you may hurt them before.
●Say___62___sincerely to your parents since you can’t correct your past mistakes.
“Thank you for making me what I’m today.”
●Realize that your parents make you what you are today.
●Your parents are your real___63___who make you move forward in life.
“You are great role models.”
●You are always encouraged to be___64___and successful.
●Your parents always support you even though you may not___65___in a race or pass an exam.
【答案】56. thanks 57. sweet 58. What 59. Remember 60. small 61. although/ though 62. sorry 63. heroes 64. hard-working 65. win/ succeed
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述父母是世界上最慷慨的人。然而，我们经常不感谢他们的努力和爱。而在我们意识到这一点的时候，已经太晚了。所以不要等到母亲节或父亲节对你的父母说甜言蜜语。虽然你很忙，但不要忘了打电话给你的父母，告诉他们他们不在身边的时候你多么想念他们。
56. 根据短文开头Parents are the most generous people on Earth. However, we often fail to thank them for their efforts and love.可知我们很少表达对父母的努力和爱的感谢。所以填写thanks。
57. 根据第一段末So don’t wait for Mother’s Day or Father’s Day to say sweet things to your parents.可知不要等到母亲节或父亲节才对你的父母说甜言蜜语。所以填写sweet。
58. 根据右栏描述可知这里是说说什么，所以填写What。
59. 根据第二段中Although you are busy, don’t forget to call your parents and tell them how much you miss them when they are not around可知虽然你很忙，但不要忘了打电话给你的父母，告诉他们他们不在身边的时候你多么想念他们。所以填写Remember。
60. 根据第三段中Hug(拥抱) them and tell them how much you thank them for their efforts. You can’t possibly give back everything they’ve done for you, but this small act will make them feel special.可知一个个小小的拥抱会让他们感到特别的，所以填写small。
61. 根据第四段中You might have said things that hurt them deeply, but they still believe in you and continue to shower their love on you.可知尽管以前你伤害了他们，但他们仍然爱你。所以填写although/ though。
62. 根据第四段中You may want to go back in time and make everything right. But since that can’t happen, all you can do is say sorry from the bottom of your heart.可知你应向你的父母说声对不起，因为你不能纠正你的过去的错误。所以填写sorry。
63. 根据第五段中Let them know they are the real heroes in your life.可知让他们知道他们是你生命中真正的英雄。所以填写heroes。
64. 根据最后一段中They always encourage you to work hard and become a successful man in life.可知他们总是鼓励你努力工作，并成为生活中的一个成功的人。所以填写hard-working。
65. 根据短文最后Even though you may have lost in a race or failed an exam, they were and still are your number one fans.可知即使你可能在一场比赛中输了或失败了一场考试，他们仍然是支持你的。所以填写win/ succeed。
【母题5】【来源】【2020 • 江苏省无锡市锡山区期中试题】
We all need physical exercise. Exercise uses up food we eat and keeps the body energetic. If you exercise several times a week, you will stay happy and healthy.
Some Western countries, such as the United States, have problems with exercise. In the US, many people do not have enough exercise because it is hard for them. People have to work from morning to late afternoon, so they don’t have time to take exercise. They work in office buildings, sitting in chairs all day long in front of computers. It is impossible for them to get much exercise in this way.
Some Westerners can get exercise walking from their homes to work. However, most people cannot do this. It is too far from their homes to their offices. They have no choice but to drive to work. In fact, some have to drive one or two hours to their offices. This is not good in two ways. First, these people don’t have a chance to exercise because they are sitting in their cars for two to four hours each day. Second, driving is challenging especially in rush hours and needs too much attention. It makes a person very tired. So, when these people arrive home at night, they don’t want to take exercise after work.
Today, many people in the West are overweight, which causes health problems for them. Doctors say exercise can help people both lose weight and improve their health. So many people are trying to get more exercise. But it takes time to change, and when people don’t see a difference right away, they will lose patience and stop exercising.
Title: Westerners need exercise.
The ___52___that people can get from exercise.
*Help heavy people lose weight.
*Keep you energetic.
*Help you stay healthy and happy.
The___53___why people don’t have enough exercise
*In the USA, many people have no time to ___54___.
*Narrow work environment makes exercise impossible.
*Busy work and tiring driving lead them to ___55___interest in exercise.
The wrong attitude(态度) to exercise that some people have.
People would become ___56___ if they don’t see a difference in a short time.
【答案】52. advantages
53. reasons
54. exercise
55. lose
56. impatient
【解析】本文主要介绍锻炼的重要性以及人们目前运动的现状。
52. 分析第一段并结合表格可知，运动可以帮助肥胖的人减肥、保持精力充沛和帮助保持健康和开心是运动的好处；“好处”可用advantage表示，又因为此处讲述的好处是多个，所以此处使用其复数形式。故填advantages。
53. 分析第二段并结合表格可知，此处描述人们没有足够锻炼的原因；“原因”可用reason表示，又因为此处讲述的原因是多个，所以此处使用其复数形式。故填reasons。
54. 根据第二段中“In the US, many people do not have enough exercise because it is hard for them.”可知，在美国，很多人没有足够的锻炼，因为这对他们来说很难。此处表示“锻炼”，可用exercise表示，此处用于“have no time to do sth”结构中，所以用其动词原形即可。故填exercise。
55. 根据第三段中“It makes a person very tired. So, when these people arrive home at night, they don’t want to take exercise after work.”可知，繁忙的工作和劳累的驾驶导致人们对锻炼失去兴趣。“失去”可用lose表示，此处构成“lead sb to do sth”结构中，表示“导致某人去做某事”，所以此处使用动词原形即可。故填lose。
56. 根据最后一段中“But it takes time to change, and when people don’t see a difference right away, they will lose patience and stop exercising.”可知，改变需要时间，当人们不能马上看到改变，他们就会失去耐心，停止锻炼。此处表示“不耐心的”，用于系动词become后，所以用其形容词形式。故填impatient。
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