初中英语中考复习 中考英语一轮专题复习 被动语态【课件】

这是一份初中英语中考复习 中考英语一轮专题复习 被动语态【课件】，共20页。PPT课件主要包含了 被动语态概述等内容，欢迎下载使用。

语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。如：He pened the dr.他打开了这扇门。(主动语态)The dr was pened.这扇门被打开了。(被动语态)
考点一： 有关被动语态的基础知识
2．被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。3.被动语态的用法 在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况：
(1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。如：This watch is made in China.这块手表是中国制造的。(2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。如：Mre trees must be planted every year.每年都应该种更多的树。
(3)强调或突出动作的承受者时。如： Chinese is spken by mre and mre peple in the wrld.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。(强调汉语的使用广泛)(4)句子的主语是动作的承受者。如：Many huses were pulled dwn by the earthquake.许多房屋被地震摧毁了。
【拓展知识点】 1.不及物动词及连系动词不能用于被动语态。常见词有：happen，take place，lk，sund，feel，smell，taste，becme等。如: The stry happened n a cld night.这个故事发生在一个寒冷的夜晚。The fd tasted delicius.这种食物尝起来很美味。
2.在主动语态中省“t”的动词不定式，在被动语态中要加“t”。常见的有感官动词see，hear，watch，feel，ntice等，及使役动词let，make，have。如： He made the girl stay at hme.(变为被动语态)→The girl was made t stay at hme.
Russian is als taught in their schl.他们学校也教俄语。(肯定句)The windws f ur huse are cleaned nce a week．我们房子的窗户一星期擦一次。(肯定句)→The windws f ur huse aren’t cleaned nce a week．(否定句，在is, am, are后加nt)→Are the windws f ur huse cleaned nce a week?(一般疑问句，把is, am, are提句首)
考点二 ：一般现在时的被动语态（主语+am/is/are+dne）
Beijing was liberated in January，1949.北京是一九四九年一月解放的。(肯定句)These phts were taken n the Great Wall.这些照片是在长城拍摄的。(肯定句)→These phts weren’t taken n the Great Wall.(否定句，在was, were后加nt)→Were these phts taken n the Great Wall? (一般疑问句，把was, were提句首)
考点三： 一般过去时的被动语态（主语+was/were+dne）
A new schl library will be built next year.一个学校的新图书馆将明年建成。(肯定句)→A new schl library wn’t be built next year.(否定句，在will后加nt)→Will a new schl library be built next year?(一般疑问句，把will提句首)
考点四 ：一般将来时的被动语态(will+be+dne；am/is/are ging t+be+dne)
A new schl library is ging t be built next year.一个学校的新图书馆将明年建成。(肯定句)→A new schl library isn’t ging t be built next year.(否定句，在is／am／are后加nt)→Is a new schl library ging t be built next year?(一般疑问句，把is／am／are提句首)
(1)肯定句式（主语+情态动词+be原形+过去分词）The cmputer must be repaired nw.电脑必须立刻修。Many trees shuld be planted n the muntains.应该在山上种许多树。
考点五 ：一般现在时带情态动词的的被动语态(情态动词+be+dne)
(2)否定句式（主语+情态动词+nt+be原形+过去分词）It can nt be dne by Peter.这件事不可能是彼得干的。Waste paper shuld nt be thrwn n the rad.废纸不应该扔在路上。(3)一般疑问句式（情态动词+主语+be原形+过去分词）Must the trees be watered nw?这些树必须现在浇水吗？
(4)特殊疑问句式①特殊疑问词(不作主语)+情态动词+主语+be原形+过去分词When can my cmputer be repaired?我的电脑什么时候能修好？②特殊疑问词(作主语)+情态动词+be原形+过去分词What must be dne next?下一步该做什么？
1.—Why des the earth lk blue in space?—Because mst f the earth’s surface ______ by water. (黄石)A. cvers B. cveredC. cver D. cvered2.Students d less hmewrk nw. Usually it ______ befre 9 ’clck in the evening. (重庆)A. finishes B. finished C.is finished D. was finished
3.Mre chances ______ fr students t learn frm each ther if wrking in grups.(泰安)A. prvide B. are prvided C. prvided D. will prvide4.We are ging t take the high-speed train t Xi’an tmrrw, s an early arrival at the statin______. (河南)A. advises B. is advised C.is advising D. was advised
5.—Waiter, I’d like sme Ningb Dumplings.—Srry, sir. Ningb Dumplings ______nly fr lunch and dinner. (湖北随州)serve B. served C. are served D. are serving6.(安徽)When the baby dg ______, it was very hungry. S we gave it sme fd. (安徽)A.is fund B. was fund C.has been fund D. will be fund
7.Ftball ______ t ur schl subjects last year. (陕西)A. is added B. adds C. was added D. added8.(重庆)—Mm, where is my mdel plane?—Oh, it ______ t Jenny yesterday. (重庆)A. is lent B. lends C. was lent D. lent