初中英语中考复习 中考英语一轮专题复习 被动语态【教案】

被动语态教案

 【教学目标】

1. 要求学生掌握被动语态在六种时态中的用法。

2. 使学生能熟练运用情态动词的被动语态。

3. 要求学生掌握“get+过去分词 ”结构的用法。

【重点难点】

1. 被动语态在六种时态中的用法。

2. 情态动词的被动语态。

【知识铺垫】

考点一: 有关被动语态的基础知识

  1. 被动语态概述

语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。如：

He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。(主动语态)

The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。(被动语态)

2．被动语态的构成

被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。

3. 被动语态的用法

在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况：

(1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。如：

This watch is made in China.这块手表是中国制造的。

(2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。如：

More trees must be planted every year. 每年都应该种更多的树。

(3)强调或突出动作的承受者时。如：

Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。(强调汉语的使用广泛)

(4)句子的主语是动作的承受者。如：

Many houses were pulled down by the earthquake.许多房屋被地震摧毁了。

【拓展知识点】

1.不及物动词及连系动词不能用于被动语态。常见词有：happen，take place，look，sound，feel，smell，taste，become等。

如: The story happened on a cold night.这个故事发生在一个寒冷的夜晚。

The food tasted delicious.这种食物尝起来很美味。

2. 在主动语态中省“to”的动词不定式，在被动语态中要加“to”。常见的有感官动词see，hear，watch，feel，notice等，及使役动词let，make，have。如：

He made the girl stay at home.(变为被动语态)→The girl was made to stay at home.

考点二: 一般现在时的被动语态（主语+am/is/are+done）

Russian is also taught in their school.他们学校也教俄语。(肯定句)

The windows of our house are cleaned once a week．

我们房子的窗户一星期擦一次。(肯定句)

→The windows of our house aren’t cleaned once a week．

(否定句，在is, am, are后加not)

→Are the windows of our house cleaned once a week?

(一般疑问句，把is, am, are提句首)

考点三: 一般过去时的被动语态（主语+was/were+done）

Beijing was liberated in January，1949.北京是一九四九年一月解放的。(肯定句)

These photos were taken on the Great Wall.这些照片是在长城拍摄的。(肯定句)

→These photos weren’t taken on the Great Wall.(否定句，在was, were后加not)

→Were these photos taken on the Great Wall? (一般疑问句，把was, were提句首)

考点四: 一般将来时的被动语态(will+be+done；am/is/are going to+be+done)

A new school library will be built next year.

一个学校的新图书馆将明年建成。(肯定句)

→A new school library won’t be built next year.(否定句，在will后加not)

→Will a new school library be built next year?(一般疑问句，把will提句首)

A new school library is going to be built next year.

一个学校的新图书馆将明年建成。(肯定句)

→A new school library isn’t going to be built next year.

(否定句，在is／am／are后加not)

→Is a new school library going to be built next year?

(一般疑问句，把is／am／are提句首)

考点五: 一般现在时带情态动词的的被动语态(情态动词+be+done)

(1)肯定句式（主语+情态动词+be原形+过去分词）

The computer must be repaired now.电脑必须立刻修。

Many trees should be planted on the mountains.应该在山上种许多树。

(2)否定句式（主语+情态动词+not+be原形+过去分词）

It can not be done by Peter.这件事不可能是彼得干的。

Waste paper should not be thrown on the road.废纸不应该扔在路上。

(3)一般疑问句式（情态动词+主语+be原形+过去分词）

Must the trees be watered now?这些树必须现在浇水吗？

(4)特殊疑问句式

①特殊疑问词(不作主语)+情态动词+主语+be原形+过去分词

When can my computer be repaired?我的电脑什么时候能修好？

②特殊疑问词(作主语)+情态动词+be原形+过去分词

What must be done next?下一步该做什么？

【品味中考】

(  B  ) 1.—Why does the earth look blue in space?

—Because most of the earth’s surface ______ by water. (湖北黄石)

1. covers  B. is covered  C. cover  D. are covered

(  C  ) 2. Students do less homework now. Usually it ______ before 9 o’clock in the evening. (重庆)

      A. finishes      B. finished   C. is finished   D. was finished

(  B  ) 3. More chances ______ for students to learn from each other if working in groups. (山东泰安)

1. provide        B. are provided   C. provided       D. will provide

(  B  ) 4. We are going to take the high-speed train to Xi’an tomorrow, so an early arrival at the station______.(河南)

1. advises        B. is advised   C.is advising    D. was advised

(  C  ) 5.—Waiter, I’d like some Ningbo Dumplings.

—Sorry, sir. Ningbo Dumplings ______only for lunch and dinner. (随州)

1.  serve    B. served  C. are served      D. are serving

(  B  ) 6. When the baby dog ______, it was very hungry. So we gave it some food. (安徽)

1.  is found     B. was found     C. has been found   D. will be found

(  C  ) 7. Football ______ to our school subjects last year. (陕西)

1. is added        B. adds        C. was added       D. added

(  C  ) 8.—Mom, where is my model plane?

—Oh, it ______ to Jenny yesterday. (重庆)

1. is lent     B. lends    C. was lent     D. lent

(  D  ) 9.—China’s 23rd Beidou Satellite______ into space on June 12, 2016.

—As Chinese, we are proud of it. (湖北咸宁)

1. has sent   B. is sent   C. will send    D. was sent

(  B  ) 10. Last year, five Chinese teachers ______ to a school in the UK to teach the British students in Chinese style for four weeks. (江苏镇江)

1. was sent    B. were sent    C. have sent    D. sent

【板书设计】

【教后反思】