+2023年外研版中考英语一轮复习自我检查知识汇总

这是一份+2023年外研版中考英语一轮复习自我检查知识汇总，共10页。试卷主要包含了30)，33)，44)等内容，欢迎下载使用。
                                                                     自测打卡:                  月            日 ＋介词／副词词典词义常考短语about关于talk about=talk(说话)+about=谈论关于……argue about争论                     care about关心;在意hear about听说                       know/learn about了解think about思考;思索               worry about担心at向；朝shout at=shout(喊叫)+at=朝⋯⋯大喊look at看                           laugh at嘲笑look back at回首(往事);回忆;回顾knock at敲在（某处）arrive at到达(小地方)away（时间或空间上）离开（某距离）take away=take(携带)+away=带走;拿走give away赠送;捐赠                  keep away from远离run away跑开,逃跑                 throw away扔掉去别处put away=put(放)+away=放好(2020.30)stay away不在家,外出              move away搬走不在；离开pass away离开:离世
back回原处come back=come(来)+back=回来;再度流行go back回去                give back归还pay back偿还(借款等)          talk back回嘴;顶嘴回应call(sb.)back(给某人)回电话回想，回忆bring back恢复;使想起look back at回首(往事);回忆;回顾down往下，向下lie down=lie(躺)+down=躺下cut down砍倒;削减           fall down倒塌;摔倒look down俯视                sit down坐下（数量、力量、活动等）减少，减弱，降低turn down=turn(调,转)+down=调低;关小;拒绝break down停止运转            calm down平静;镇静下来die down逐渐变弱;逐渐消失slow down减速（写）在纸上write down=write(写)+down=写下;记下take down拆卸;记录on持续work on=work(工作)+on=从事;继续工作carry on继续               come on加油go on继续                    keep on继续(前行)holdon(口)等一等(别挂电话);等一会儿登上（车辆）get on上车;进展穿在身上；穿着，戴着put on穿上;增加体重try on试穿由······支撑着depend on依靠;信赖吃；喝；按时服用（药物）live/feed on以……为食;靠……为生已连接、处于工作状态或使用中turn on打开其他call on号召;拜访get on/along with与⋯⋯和睦相处
 ＋介词／副词词典词义常考短语from分离或去除separate from=separate(分开)+from=把······分开run away from逃离              stay away from远离keep…away from远离;不接近（表示来源）来自，从······来come from=come(来)+from=来自hear from收到······的来信off不工作；休息shut off=shut(关)+off=关闭;停止运转break off中止;弄断             put off拖延;推迟turn off关掉除去某物clean off=clean(打扫)+off=扫除;擦去cut off切除                  keep off不接近pay off偿清(欠款等);成功释放；放出give off=give(给)+off=发出;放出(光、热等)go off(闹钟)发出响声             show off炫耀离开（某处）fall off减少;跌落;离开;衰退(2022.33)get off下车                   set off出发;动身take off脱下(衣服);(飞机等)起飞 ＋介词／副词词典词义常考短语out（从······里）出来take out=take(拿)+out=拿出;取出check out察看;观察find out查明;弄清(2017.44)give out分发               go out出去hand out分发;发放            hang out闲逛;常去某处point out指出               set out出发work out算出;解决           get out离开;出去;逃离除掉；清除cut out=cut(切)+out=切断;删除leave out遗漏;省去公开；发行come out出现;显露;出版没有；缺少run out用光;用尽其他break out(战争、火灾等)突然发生;爆发carry out执行;贯彻         look out当心
up向上；起来look up=look(看)+up=抬头看;查阅cheer up(使)变得高兴;(使)振奋起来get up起床                     grow up长大;成熟pick up捡起(2019.41)             stand up站起来set up建立(2021.40)               put up搭建;张贴turn up调高(声音)              wake up醒来go up上升;(旗)升起(2017.63)成碎片；分开cut up切碎完全；彻底地eat up=eat(吃)+up=吃完;吃光drink up喝完                  use up用完;耗尽其他stay up熬夜                  clean up把······收拾干净give up放弃                  show up赶到;出现make up化妆;编造(故事);组成;和解with和；同；跟play with=play(玩)+with=和······玩agree/disagree with同意/不同意communicate with与……交流connect with与⋯⋯相连talk with与······谈论用，以begin with=begin(开始)+with=以……开始deal with解决;处理                end up with以……结束  一．英语语法重点与难点1、   as…as…结构：你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。You’re a boy as good as Tom.=You’re as good a boy as Tom. 2、   (1)too…to与 so…that sb. can’t…的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较：The man was too angry to be able to speak.The man was so angry that he wasn’t able to speak.(2)   too…to…与 not enough to句型的转换：He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married.The book is too difficult for me to read.=The book is not easy enough for me to read. 3、    形容词原级表示比较级含义：约翰不象迈克那么苯。John is not so stupid as Mike.John is less stupid than Mike.John is cleverer than Mike. 4、    用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。John is taller than any other boy in the class.John is the tallest boy in the class. 5、    the more….. the more….表示“越……越……”The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is.The more food you eat, the fatter you are. 6、    more and more….表示“越来……越……”:More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language.Our country is getting stronger and stronger.  二．中考考点—词组after, in  这两个介词都可以表示“……(时间)以后”的意思after 以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间之后,常用于过去时态的句子中?如:She went after three days. 她是三天以后走的in 以现在为起点,表将来一段时间以后,常用于将来时态的句子中如:She will go in three days. 她三天以后要走. how long, how often, how soon, how long指多长时间,主要用来对一段时间(如three days, four weeks 等)提问?如:How long ago was it? 这是多久前的事了?how often指每隔多久,主要用来对频率副词或状语(如once a week等)提问?如:—How often does he come here? —Once a month. 他(每隔)多久来一次?每月一次。how soon指再过多久,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(in an hour, in two weeks 等)提问?如:How soon can you come? 你多快能赶来? few, a few, little, a little, several, some, few 和little的意思是否定的,表示“很少”或“几乎没有”;而a few和a little的意思是肯定的,表示“有一些,有一点儿”few 和 a few修饰可数名词;little 和 a little 修饰不可数名词several用于修饰可数名词,语意比a few和some更肯定,含有“好几个”的意思some可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词,从数量上说,它有时相当于a few 或 a little,有时指更多一些的数量 the other, another, the other 指两个人或事物中的“另一个”,表示特指?如:We stood on one side of the road and they stood on the other. 我们站在街这边,他们站在那边another着重于不定数目中的“另外一个”,表示泛指,所以常用来指至少三个中的一个?如:She has taken another of my books. 她已经拿了我的另外一本书 spend, take, cost, pay, spend的宾语通常是时间?金钱?在主动语态中,句子的主语必须是人,而且后面不能用动词不定式做它的宾语?如:She spent the whole evening in reading. 她把整个晚上用来读书take常常用来指“花费”时间,句子的主语通常是表示事物的词语?如:How long will this job take you?你做这项工作要花多长时间?cost 指花费时间?金钱或力气等,只能用表示事物的词做主语,并且不能用于被动语态?如:How much does the jacket cost?这件夹克多少钱?pay 主要指主语(某人)买某物(或为某事)付多少钱(给某人)?如:I pay for my rooms by month. 我按月支付租金 among, between,between 的意思是“在……中间,在……之间”,一般指在两者之间?如:There is a table between two windows. 在两扇窗户之间有一张桌子。between 有时也表示在多于两个以上的事物之间,但那是指在每二者之间。如:the relationship between different provinces and municiplities 省市和省市之间的关系(这里是指每两个省市之间的相互关系?) beat, win这两个词都有“获胜,打败”的意思,但其后宾语不同?beat是“打败,优于”的意思,后面接人或队?如:We beat them. 我们打败了他们。win指“赢,获胜”,后面接比赛?名次?如:We won the match/game/race/the first place. 我们赢了这场比赛(获得了第一名)。 agree with, agree on, agree to.agree on表示“就……取得一致意见”?如:We all agree on (making) an early start. 我们一致同意及早出发?agree with表示“与……意见一致”,后面既可以跟表示人的名词或人称代词,也可以跟表示意见。看法的名词或what引导的从句?。如:I agree with you without reservation.我毫无保留地同意你的意见。We agree with what you said just now.我们同意你刚才所说的意见。agree to后面不能接人,只能接“提议,计划,方案”等词句?如:I agree to the terms proposed. 我同意拟议的条件。 bring, take, carry,fetch这四个词都是动词,都含有“带”或“拿”的意思,但使用的场合各不相同。bring作“带来,拿来”解?如:Next time don’t forget to bring me a copy of your work. 下次不要忘了把一份你的作品带给我。take是bring的对语,作“带去,拿去”解?如:Take the box away, please. 请把盒子拿走。carry表示“运载,携带”之意,运送的方式很多,可以用车、船,也可以用手甚至用头。如:This bus is licensed to carry 100 passengers. 这辆巴士准载一百人。fetch则表示“去拿来”的意思。如:Please fetch me the documents in that room. 请到那间房间去把文件拿来给我。 each, every两词都是“每个”的意思,但着重点不同。each着重个别的情况,every着重全体,有“所有的”的意思。如:She knows each student of the class.她认识这个班里的每一个学生。She knows every student of the class.她认识这个班所有的学生。 no one, noneno one指“没有人(只能指人,不能用来指物)”,意思与nobody相同,作主语时不必跟of连用,如:No one believes him since he is not honest. 没有人相信他,因为他不诚实。No one else but I went. 除我以外,谁也没去。none指“一个也没有(既可指人,也可指物)”,作主语时代替不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词,谓语动词用单、复数都可以。但在“主+系+表”结构中,如果表语为复数,则系动词要用复数形式。如:None of us are(is) afraid of difficulties. 我们谁也不怕困难。 go on doing, go on to do, go on with这三个动词短语都有“继续做某事”的意思,其区别如下:go on doing表示“继续做,一直在做某事(中间无间断)”;go on to do表示“接着做某事”,即某事已做完,接着做另一件事;go on with也表示“继续做某事”,其含义是某一动作一度中止后,又继续下去。 too much, much too二者都有“太,非常”之意,much too为副词词组,修饰形容词?副词,不可修饰动词。如:It’s much too cold.天气实在是太冷了。too much作“太多”讲,有以下三种用法?(1)        作名词词组 如:You have given us too much. 你给我们的太多了。(2)        作形容词词组修饰不可数名词 如:Don’t drink toomuch wine. 不要饮太多的酒(3)作副词词组修饰不及物动词 如:She talks too much. 她说话太多 happen, take place与occurhappen有“偶然”的意思,多用于客观事物?情况的发生?。如:Whatever has happened to your arm? It’s all swollen. 你的手臂怎么了?肿得好历害！occur 指有计划地使某些事“发生”，有时强调“呈现”于人的知觉中。如:Did it occur to you to phone them about it?你难道没想到就这事给他们打个电话?事件作主语时,happen和occur可以通用?如:The accident happened/occurred yesterday. 事故是昨天发生的。take place 指事件发生,但常用来表示“举行”的意思,带有非偶然性?例如:The meeting took place last night.会议昨晚举行。 in front of, in the front ofin front of的意思是“在……前面”。如:There is a tree in front of the house.房子前面有一棵树。in the front of的意思是“在……前部”,指在某个空间范围内的前面。如:There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 教室里前部有一块黑板 noise, voice, sound这三个词都作“声音”解,在表示“听到声音”这个意思时,三者可以通用，但它们又各有特定的含义。sound 作“声音”解,含义最广,指可以听到的任何声音,如:a weak sound 微弱的声noise作“噪音,嘈杂声,吵闹声”解,指不悦耳,不和谐的声音，它既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词。如:Another kind of pollution is noise. 另外一种污染是噪音。voice 作“声音”解时,多指人发出的声音,包括说话声、歌声和笑声。如:He shouted at the top of voice. 他高声呼喊。有时也用于引申意义,作“意见、发言权”解。如:I have no voice in the matter. 对于这件事,我没有发言权。 arrive, get, reach三者均可表示“到达”,arrive后通常接介词at(一般用于较小的地方)或 in(一般用于较大的地方)?如:We arrived at the station five minutes late. 我们晚了5分钟到车站?又如:They will arrive in Paris next Monday. 他们将于下周星期一到达巴黎?get之后通常接介词to。如:When we got to the park, it began to rain. 我们到达公园时,就开始下雨了。reach是及物动词(较 get更正式),其后可直接跟地点名词做宾语(不能用介词)。如:He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京。