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2022-2023学年重庆市强基联合体高三上学期拔尖强基联合定时检测英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年重庆市强基联合体高三上学期拔尖强基联合定时检测英语试题（解析版），共26页。试卷主要包含了 考试结束后，将答题卡交回等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023拔尖强基联合定时检测
英语试题
注意事项
1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、班级、考场/座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔填涂;答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写;必须在题号对应的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写无效;保持答卷清洁、完整。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回(试题卷学生保存，以备评讲)。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will the woman help the man?
A.By helping him paint.
B.By handing in a painting.
C.By filling in a form.
2. What is the woman doing
A.Asking the way.
B.Giving directions.
C.Having a haircut.
3. What does Todd have to do alone?
A. Pick up the clients.
B.Give a presentation.
C.Go on a business trip.
4. What does the man mean?
A.He gave Jane a ride.
B.He took a bus home yesterday.
C.He didn’t see Jane on the way home.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Some songs.
B. A car race.
C. A video game.
第二节(共15小题每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6，7题。
6. How many languages can the man speak fluently now?
A.Two.
B.Four.
C.Six.
7. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates.
B. Waiter and customer.
C.Interviewer and interviewee.
听第7段材料，回答第8，9题。
8. When will Sally celebrate her birthday?
A. This Friday.
B.Next Monday.
C.Next Friday.
9. Who will most likely help the woman?
A.Helen.
B.Sara.
C.Carmen.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the book about?
A. Traveling rules.
B. Foreign languages.
C. Tourist attractions.
11. Where is the man going after his business trip?
A.To Saudi Arabia.
B.To Italy.
C. To France.
12. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A.Give her some suggestions.
B.Buy her a souvenir.
C. Make a plan for her.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why did Carla change the way she worked?
A. She didn’t enjoy the work she did.
B. She spent little time at home.
C.She had health problems.
14. What is the reason that Carla runs her own business?
A. To have a flexible schedule.
B. To take more holidays.
C. To earn more money.
15. What has Carla changed about exercise?
A. The amount.
B.The time.
C. The form
16. Which time-saving idea does Carla find efficient?
A.Checking emails on the way to work.
B.Having a lot of similar clothes.
C. Making to-do lists.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who might Mary Locke be
A. A news reporter.
B.A plane designer.
C. A fire ranger.
18. Where do the pilots pick up water?
A. From a river.
B. From a lake.
C.From the Fire Center.
19. How does the speaker describe the pilot’s job?
A. Dangerous.
B. Exciting.
C.Extraordinary.
20. What can we learn from the talk?
A. The plane’s tanks hold no more than 5,000 liters of water.
B. The fire rangers should keep the plane away from the fire.
C. The crew has to drop water 20 times to put out the fire.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题25分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Get stuck into chemistry with these fascinating guides.
An Elementary Guide to the Periodic Table
by Gill Arbuthnott(Bloomsbury Children’s Books)
There are lots of funny stories, fascinating facts and interesting explanations packed into this book, which aims to provide a good introduction to the periodic table. As well as plenty of information, there are lots of eye-catching diagrams and illustrations.
Exploring the Elements
by Isabel Thomas. Illustrated by Sara Gillingham(Phaidon Press)
This beautifully designed book provides an introductory guide to the chemical elements — where they are found, their properties and the remark able ways we’ve learned to use them. Smart and stylish, the book even comes with an illustrated periodic table.
The Elements in the Room
by Mike Barfield. Illustrated by Lauren Humphrey(Laurence King)
As the candidate for lots of awards, this entertaining book invites you to join detective Sherlock Ohms as he tries to solve the mystery of how absolutely everything came to exist. This is a fun way to learn about the basics of chemical elements, from aluminum to zinc.
The Periodic Table Book
by Darling Kindersley, Ltd
If you are just starting your chemistry learning, look no further than this comprehensive visual encyclopedia, which is packed with stunning photographs. It covers all the basics of chemistry, with information about the different elements, and you’ll also learn about some of the famous scientists who discovered them.
1. Which book can explain the application of the elements?
A. An Elementary Guide to the Periodic Table B. Exploring the Elements
C. The Elements in the Room D. The Periodic Table Book
2. How is Mike Barfield’s book different from the other books?
A. It contains an illustrated periodic table. B. It includes interesting stories and facts.
C. It introduces some of the famous chemists. D. It has the potential for winning prizes.
3. Who are the four books especially intended for?
A. Chemistry researchers. B. Chemistry majors.
C. Chemistry beginners. D. Chemistry teachers.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了四本关于化学的书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二本书Exploring the Elements的介绍中“This beautifully designed book provides an introductory guide to the chemical elements —where they are found, their properties and the remark able ways we’ve learned to use them.(这本设计精美的书提供了化学元素的介绍性指南——它们在哪里被发现，它们的特性和我们已经学会的使用它们的值得注意的方法)”可知，Exploring the Elements这本书可以解释化学元素的应用。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三本书The Elements in the Room的介绍中“As the candidate for lots of awards, this entertaining book invites you to join detective Sherlock Ohms as he tries to solve the mystery of how absolutely everything came to exist.(作为众多奖项的候选，这本有趣的书邀请你加入侦探Sherlock Ohms，因为他试图解决绝对的一切是如何存在的谜)”可知，Mike Barfield的书与众不同之处在于它有可能获奖。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Get stuck into chemistry with these fascinating guides.(跟着这些有吸引力的指南进入化学)”可知，四本书是为化学的初学者而写的。故选C。
B
The tornado came without any sign——the sky was blue and the sun had been out. My husband Jimmy ran upstairs to find me in our third-floor bedroom. No sooner had we found coverage of the tornado than it was on top of us. The bones of the house shook, and the power went out. The wind began to roar through the house. We had three flights of steps to navigate to get to the relative safety of the first floor. Because the closet down there was installed underneath a brick staircase, it seemed like the most solid place in our house to wait things out.
I didn’t know how or if we would make it down the steps. It felt as if there were no floor underneath me as the wind lifted me off my feet. I gripped the handrail (扶手) and tried to move forward, but this intense pressure held me in place. In those seconds of stillness, I could hear everything around me rattling.
As we reached the last flight of steps, our front door blew out. Pieces of glass that looked like broken ice flew everywhere. Suddenly, a three-foot-long tree branch whipped through the door frame. It flew over our heads, missing us by inches. Had we been one step up, it would have gone through us and caused serious injuries. The back wall of the house followed suit and tore off into the darkness outside.
Instantly I reached the closet, Jimmy pushed me (down to the closet floor, but he couldn’t get inside himself because of the wind.I gripped Jimmy’s arm as the tornado sucked the door open and tried to bring Jimmy with it. My knees were full of glass, but at that moment, I felt no pain. If I had let go, Jimmy would have flown right out and into the bay.“Hold on! Hold on!” he yelled. But there was nothing in this closet to hold on to.
All of a sudden, Jimmy lifted off his feet like people in tornadoes do in the movies. I thought he was gone. And then everything stopped. He landed on his feet. At those first quiet moments, I couldn’t believe it was over. Jimmy said he’d go outside to check. “No,” I said. “Don’t leave me.”
Our neighbor says the storm lasted four minutes. At that time, four of the twelve houses in our community were completely destroyed. Of the houses left standing, ours suffered the most damage. However, none of us were severely injured.
4. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A. The tornado came on a rainy day.
B. During the tornado the first floor was safer.
C. Before the tornado, the author was sleeping.
D. The brick staircase was destroyed by the tornado.
5. How did the author impress on us the force of the tornado?
A. By giving concrete descriptions. B. By offering specific examples.
C. By making striking comparisons. D. By quoting complex conversations.
6. What happened when the author reached the closet?
A. The door was tightly closed. B. Jimmy flew right out.
C. She struggled to hold Jimmy’s arm. D. The glass made her feel much pain.
7. How did the author feel after the tornado?
A. Frightened but relieved. B. Amazed and excited.
C. Regretful but hopeful. D. Disappointed and worried.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了龙卷风突然来袭，作者家的房子损坏严重，但作者和丈夫竟然安然无恙地幸存下来了的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第一段“We had three flights of steps to navigate to get to the relative safety of the first floor. Because the closet down there was installed underneath a brick staircase, it seemed like the most solid place in our house to wait things out.（我们要走三段台阶才能到达相对安全的一楼。因为下面的壁橱安装在一个砖砌楼梯下面，它似乎是我们家里等待事情结束的最可靠的地方。）”可知，在龙卷风期间，一楼比较安全。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第三段最后一句“In those seconds of stillness, I could hear everything around me rattling.（在那几秒钟的寂静中，我能听到周围的一切在格格作响。）”以及文章第四段“As we reached the last flight of steps, our front door blew out. Shards of glass that looked like broken ice flew everywhere. Suddenly, a three-foot-long tree branch whipped through the doorframe. It flew over our heads, missing us by inches. Had we been one step up, it would have impaled us. The back wall of the house followed suit and tore off into the darkness outside.（当我们到达最后一段台阶时，我们的前门炸开了。看起来像碎冰的玻璃碎片到处飞。突然，一根三英尺长的树枝从门框里窜了进来。它飞过我们的头顶，离我们只有几英寸远。如果我们再向前一步，它就会刺穿我们。房子的后墙紧随其后，消失在外面的黑暗中。）”可知，作者是通过具体描述龙卷风的破坏力之强，从而让我们认识到龙卷风的危害的。故选A。
6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Instantly I reached the closet, Jimmy pushed me (down to the closet floor, but he couldn’t get inside himself because of the wind. I gripped Jimmy’s arm as the tornado sucked the door open and tried to bring Jimmy with it.（我一到壁橱，吉米就把我推到壁橱的地板上，但因为风太大，他自己进不去。龙卷风把门卷开时，我紧紧抓住吉米的胳膊，想把吉米也拉过来。）”可知，当作者到达壁橱时，她挣扎着抓住吉米的胳膊。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“At those first quiet moments, I couldn’t believe it was over. Jimmy said he’d go outside to check. “No,” I said. “Don’t leave me.”（ 在最初平静的时刻，我不敢相信一切都结束了。吉米说他会出去看看。“不，”我说。“不要离开我。”）”以及文章最后一段“Of the houses left standing, ours suffered the most damage. However, none of us were severely injured.（在未倒塌的房屋中，我们的受损最严重。然而，我们没有人受重伤。）”可推断，作者在龙卷风过后感觉害怕，但又感到欣慰。故选A。
C
Every year thousands of people come to the city of Pamplona, in north-eastern Spain, for the opportunity to run for their lives as six fighting bulls are released to charge through the town. There are injuries and deaths every year, but the event is of interest to many people. A paper just published in Science describes the insight the event offers into the psychology of panicked crowds.
That is a useful topic to explore. Architects, civil engineers and urban planners must try to work out how people will behave in the event of a disaster like a fire, a flood or a terrorist attack so they can design their creations to avoid potentially deadly collisions. Unfortunately, solid information is hard to come by. Daniel Parisi, the paper’s lead author, realized that the Pamplona bull-runs offered the perfect natural experiment.
Dr Parisi and his team went to two different rooftop locations in Pamplona in July 2019, and filmed the runners as the animals were released. Later in the lab, they calculated the speed of the runners, the density (密度) of the crowd, the probability of a runner tripping and falling and the relationship between runner-group density and speed.
Perhaps unsurprisingly, the researchers found that runners picked up speed when the bulls drew near. Less expected was the finding,that the speed of individual runners augmented with the density of the crowd, which was contrary to a long-held assumption in architectural and urban-design circles that people will slow their pace as group density goes up, in order to lower the risk of a collision, which could lead to a fall and, perhaps, injury or death.
It seems that, in the heat of the moment, people pay little attention to the danger of colliding with each other and even accelerate. The responsibility therefore falls upon urban designers to work out how best to plan the construction of future tunnels, bridges and other passages that restrict flow. The only option may well be to make them broad enough.
8. Which statement is true according to the first two paragraphs?
A. Bull-runs in Pamplona are exciting but dangerous.
B. People are well aware of the psychology of the panicked crowds.
C. The research paper to be published in Science was written by Dr Parisi and his team.
D. It is easy to obtain reliable information of panicked people’s behavior in disastrous events.
9. Why did Dr Parisi and his team go to two different rooftop locations?
A. To enjoy a thrilling bull-fight. B. To prove their theory.
C. To design a psychological experiment. D. To collect relevant data.
10. What does the underlined word “augmented”mean in Paragraph 4?
A. Remained. B. Decreased. C. Doubled. D. Increased.
11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. People lose their mind in disasters.
B. Future tunnels and bridges may be wider.
C. Panicked crowds take notice of the danger of collision.
D. Restricting flow results in people’s colliding with each other.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在Pamplona，每年有很多人来看“奔牛”，科学家通过研究“奔牛”过程中人们奔跑速度的快慢，发现跑步者的速度随着人群密度的增加而增加，这给了建筑设计师关于城市建设的很多启示。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Every year thousands of people come to the city of Pamplona, in north-eastern Spain, for the opportunity to run for their lives as six fighting bulls are released to charge through the town. There are injuries and deaths every year, but the event is of interest to many people.(每年都有成千上万的人来到西班牙东北部的潘普洛纳市，寻找逃命的机会，因为六头正在战斗的公牛被释放出来，在该市到处冲撞。每年都有受伤和死亡事件发生，但许多人对这项活动很感兴趣)”可知，潘普洛纳的奔牛节很刺激，但也很危险。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Dr Parisi and his team went to two different rooftop locations in Pamplona in July 2019, and filmed the runners as the animals were released. Later in the lab, they calculated the speed of the runners, the density of the crowd，the probability of a runner tripping and falling and the relationship between runner-group density and speed.(2019年7月，帕里西博士和他的团队前往潘普洛纳的两个不同的屋顶地点，在动物被释放时拍摄了跑步者。随后在实验室中，他们计算了跑步者的速度、人群密度、跑步者绊倒和摔倒的概率以及跑步者群体密度和速度之间的关系)”可知，帕里西博士和他的团队去了两个不同的屋顶地点是为了收集相关资料。故选D项。
【10题详解】
此句猜测题。根据后文“which was contrary to a long-held assumption in architectural and urban-design circles that people will slow their pace as group density goes up, in order to lower the risk of a collision, which could lead to a fall and, perhaps,injury or death.(与建筑和城市设计界长期以来的假设相反。该假设认为，随着人群密度的增加，人们会放慢步伐，以降低可能导致摔倒甚至受伤甚至死亡的碰撞风险)”可知，人们刚开始时认为随着人群密度的增加，人们会放慢步伐，结果确是相反的，所以此处augmented应是“提高”之意，表达“个体跑步者的速度会随着人群密度的增加而增加”之意，与Increased意思相近。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It seems that, in the heat of the moment, people pay little attention to the danger of colliding with each other and even accelerate. The responsibility therefore falls upon urban designers to work out how best to plan the construction of future tunnels, bridges and other passages that restrict flow. The only option may well be to make them broad enough.(似乎，在最激动的时刻，人们很少注意到相互碰撞甚至加速的危险。因此，城市设计师的责任是制定出如何最好地规划未来的隧道、桥梁和其他限制交通的通道的建设。唯一的选择可能是让它们足够广泛)”可推知，未来的隧道和桥梁可能会更宽。故选B项。
D
Asparagus (芦笋) is a very odd vegetable.It can grow up to 2cm in an hour. Cut a field one afternoon, return the next morning, and with almost frightening speed it will be back. Whereas other vegetables spend time producing leaves, asparagus grows as single spears (嫩茎), making it superbly suited to robotic pickers.
In late June a small white object slowly makes its way along a field of asparagus in Gloucester-shire. When it passes over a group of spears it pauses, whirr then clunks: the asparagus has been sliced. This robot called Sprout is being developed by a London start up called Muddy Machines. It is more inflexible on wheels than Ex Ma-china android. However, John Chinn, Britain’s largest asparagus producer, regards it with enthusiasm. For him, he says, it could be“fantastic”.
The world is suffering from a shortage of seasonal workers. Last summer Mr. Chinn needed 1,300 workers. He got around 800. Trying to find labour is, for a farmer, “the thing that stops you sleeping”. The shortage of workers is particularly acute in Britain, where Brexit(英国脱欧)has been spoiling harvests as well as growth.
Now, it is a time to innovate. Moravec’s paradox (莫拉维克悖论) states that computers find things simple that humans find hard — and vice versa.Differential calculus (微分学)?Not a problem. Telling the difference between a ripe strawberry and a stone? Really hard. Harvesting is especially ripe for robotic puzzlement.Leaves confuse them;bumps puzzle them; colour prevents them.In 2015,Joe Jones, a robotics whose inventions include the Roomba,a vacuum cleaner, was considering new areas to explore, and started to make a list of which crops a robot might be able to pick most easily. He considered different variables (变量) that “would make it easy for a robot to handle”, then scored each crop out of 12.“And what crop,”he wrote on his blog,“came out on top?”
In the fields of Gloucester shire is the answer. Sprout crawls forward; pauses. Another whirr, whoosh, clunk. It is an original model, but Mr. Chinn is optimistic. His dream would be to see a herd of 100 in his fields next year.He needs them.The stress is now so bad that ”If we can’t find a solution, we’ll all give up soon.“
12. Why is asparagus particularly suited for robotic picking?
A. Because it is an unusual vegetable.
B. Because it is always planted on a large scale.
C. Because it grows as single spears at an alarming rate.
D. Because it produces leaves quickly like other vegetables.
13. What do we know about Sprout?
A It is favored by Britain’s largest asparagus producer.
B. It has an advantage over Ex Machina android on wheels.
C. It is well developed by a new company named Muddy Machines.
D. It is a huge white machine which will let out annoying noise while working.
14. What is the intention of mentioning Moravec’s paradox?
A. To remind us it’s time to make technological innovation.
B. To prove computers find things easy that humans find difficult.
C. To show various factors must be considered in deciding crops ideal for robotic pickers.
D. To tell us computers are better at differential calculus than telling a strawberry from a stone.
15. Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. A Promising Helper B. Asparagus Getting Picky
C. Sprout,Helping Asparagus D. A New Invention on the Way
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了芦笋是一种非常奇怪的蔬菜，它的采摘工作变得越来越复杂。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Asparagus is a very odd vegetable. It can grow up to 2cm in an hour. Cut a field one afternoon, return the next morning, and with almost frightening speed it will be back. Whereas other vegetables spend time producing leaves, asparagus grows as single spears，making it superbly suited to robotic pickers.”（芦笋是一种非常奇怪的蔬菜。它可以在一小时内长到2厘米。一个下午砍掉一块地，第二天早上再回来，它就会以惊人的速度回来。与其他蔬菜花时间长出叶子不同，芦笋生长成单枝，非常适合机器人采摘。）可知，芦笋特别适合机器人采摘是因为它以惊人的速度生长。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“This robot called Sprout is being developed by a London start up called Muddy Machines. It is more inflexible on wheels than Ex Ma-china android. However, John Chinn, Britain’s largest asparagus producer, regards it with enthusiasm. For him, he says, it could be “fantastic”.”（这个名为Sprout的机器人是由伦敦一家名为Muddy Machines的初创公司开发的。它的轮子比中国机器人更不灵活。然而，英国最大的芦笋生产商John Chinn却对此充满热情。他说，对他来说，这可能是“奇妙的”。）可知，关于Sprout我们知道，它受到了英国最大的芦笋生产商的青睐。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Moravec’s paradox (莫拉维克悖论) states that computers find things simple that humans find hard — and vice versa. Differential calculus (微分学)?Not a problem. Telling the difference between a ripe strawberry and a stone? Really hard. Harvesting is especially ripe for robotic puzzlement. Leaves confuse them; bumps puzzle them; colour prevents them.”（莫拉维克悖论指出，计算机觉得简单的事情，人类觉得困难的事情，反之亦然。微分学吗？没问题。能区分熟草莓和石头吗？真的很难。收割对于机器人益智游戏来说尤其成熟。树叶使他们迷惑，凹凸不平使他们迷惑；颜色会阻止它们。）故可推知，提到莫拉维克悖论的意图是在决定适合机器人采摘的作物时，必须考虑各种因素。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第四段中“In 2015,Joe Jones, a robotics whose inventions include the Roomba, a vacuum cleaner, was considering new areas to explore, and started to make a list of which crops a robot might be able to pick most easily. He considered different variables that “would make it easy for a robot to handle”, then scored each crop out of 12.“And what crop,” he wrote on his blog, “came out on top?””（2015年，发明了吸尘器Roomba等产品的机器人人乔·琼斯(Joe Jones)正在考虑探索新的领域，并开始列出机器人可能最容易采摘的作物清单。他考虑了“让机器人更容易处理”的不同变量，然后给每个作物打了12分。他在博客上写道：“哪一种作物最受欢迎？”）以及最后一段中“The stress is now so bad that ”If we can’t find a solution, we’ll all give up soon.“”（现在的压力太大了，以至于“如果我们找不到解决方案，我们很快就会放弃。”）可知，文章主要讲的是芦笋是一种非常奇怪的蔬菜，它的采摘工作变得越来越复杂。故文章最好的标题为“芦笋，越来越挑剔。”故选B项。
第二节(共5小题每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Memory allows the brain to store and retrieve (检索) information when required. Our short-term memory can hold a small amount of information for a short time, ___16___Our memory is amazing, but why do we still forget things?
It’s possible we don’t always store information in our memory effectively, maybe because we are in a rush or we consider it irrelevant at the time.___17___If you don’t have these connections, then it can be easier to forget. Luis Villazon says “It is also possible that memories decline over time. As they have not been revisited, their biological ‘trace’ becomes weak.” It’s true that if you don’t perform a task for a long period of time, it can be difficult to recall how to do it. This could be because, just like in a computer, our memory is full, or that our short-term memory is easier to access.
___18___Have you ever gone into a room to fetch something only to forget what you wanted when you got there? This is called ‘The Doorway Effect’. Psychologist Tom Stafford explains that “this occurs because we change both the physical and mental environments, moving to a different room and thinking about different things.” ___19___
So, if you have a mind like a sieve (筛子), it could be because you have too much on your mind. ___20___Generally, beyond our 50s our brains tend to shrink in volume and our memory begins to decline. That’s when we’re at more risk of getting Alzheimer’s disease.
A. so we can remember much knowledge at a stroke.
B. But sometimes even our short-term memory can let us down.
C. But we do need to keep our memory sharp by continually using it.
D. Put simply, we are metaphorically trying to spin too many plates at the same time.
E. while our long-term memory can hold an unlimited amount of information for a long time.
F. It would waste our cognitive (认知的) resources if we remembered every detail of the world around us.
G. When we do store information, we often make connections with other things, which helps us recall it later.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. B 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了我们为什么会忘事。
【16题详解】
上文“Our short-term memory can hold a small amount of information fora short time(我们的短期记忆可以在短时间内保存少量的信息)”是描述短期记忆，分析选项，E项“而我们的长期记忆可以长时间保存无限数量的信息”是描述长期记忆，与上文形成对比，符合语境。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据下文“If you don’t have these connections, then it can be easier to forget.(如果你没有这些联系，就很容易忘记)”可知，空处应是提到connections，G项“当我们存储信息时，我们经常会与其他事物建立联系，这有助于我们在以后回忆起它”符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
空处是本段主题句，根据下文“Have you ever gone into a room to fetch something only to forget what you wanted when you got there?(你有没有过这样的经历：走进房间去取东西，结果到了房间却忘了自己想要的东西？)”可知，本段是描述短期记忆提取失败的现象，B项“但有时甚至我们的短期记忆也会让我们失望”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
上文“Psychologist Tom Stafford explains that ‘this occurs because we change both the physical and mental environments, moving to a different room and thinking about different things.’(心理学家Tom Stafford解释说，‘这是因为我们改变了生理和心理环境，搬到不同的房间，思考不同的事情。’)”解释了“门口效应”产生的原因，分析选项，D项“简单地说，我们比喻试图在同一时间旋转太多的盘子”也是对这一现象的解释。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“So，if you have a mind like a sieve (筛子), it could be because you have too much on your mind.(所以，如果你的大脑像筛子一样，这可能是因为你的大脑中有太多的东西)”可知，如果大脑中有太多信息，大脑就会像筛子一样漏掉信息，即容易发生遗忘，根据下文“Generally, beyond our 50s our brains tend to shrink in volume and our memory begins to decline.(一般来说，当我们超过50岁时，我们的大脑容量趋于萎缩，我们的记忆力开始衰退)”可知，超过50岁时大脑趋于萎缩，记忆力开始衰退，所以空处与上文是转折关系，表示虽然大脑中有太多信息时会像筛子一样容易遗忘，但是我们确实需要不断使用记忆力来保持敏锐，因为随着年龄的增长记忆力会衰退，C项“但是，我们确实需要通过不断地使用记忆力来保持敏锐”符合语境。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Having worked in a bank for ten years, I determined to go beyond a nine-to-five job. Scanning advertisements, I learned a___21___company was to hire consultants. Excited, I made a(n)___22___with a branch president. That day, it went so well that I was ___23___he would hire me on the spot.___24___, he told me to come back for 12 more___25___with his top salespeople!
Over the next five months, every one of them___26___me from working as a consultant in finance. The more they attacked my dream, the more my stomach___27___. I, though nervous, realized I would have to “fake it till I make it.”
___28___, the last interview with the president came. “You’ve got the job! But you must take an exam and pass it without one point lost on the first___29___!” he announced.
I nearly choked at the prospect of taking a leap of faith into the unknown. However, attracted by this great risk I had never had, I___30___hard and said, “I’ll take it.” At last, when the scores were displayed, I let out a loud sigh of ___31___
My experience___32___ the truth of Thoreau’s words: “If one advances___33___in the direction of his dreams and___34___to live the life he had imagined, he will encounter success___35___in common hours.”
21. A. commercial B. marketing C. financial D. traveling
22. A. appointment B. arrangement C. prediction D. decision
23. A. worried B. positive C. negative D. skeptical
24. A. Otherwise B. Moreover C. Instead D. Then
25. A. bargains B. interviews C. discussions D. debates
26. A. separated B. freed C. banned D. discouraged
27. A. loosened B. changed C. tightened D. swelled
28. A. Eventually B. Surprisingly C. Unfortunately D. Constantly
29. A. question B. point C. day D. try
30. A. swallowed B. shook C. clapped D. worked
31. A. belief B. relief C. regret D. sorrow
32. A. recognized B. repeated C. conflicted D. confirmed
33. A. confidently B. aimlessly C. randomly D. lonely
34. A. pretends B. agrees C. attempts D. promises
35. A. unpractical B. unlikely C. unfamiliar D. unexpected
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者希望从事自己理想中的职业，在历经多次面试、接受严苛的训练等种种困难之后最终实现梦想的经历。
【21题详解】
考查形容词和动名词词义辨析。句意：浏览了一些广告，我得知一家金融公司要雇佣顾问。A. commercial商业的；B. marketing促销；C. financial金融的；D. traveling旅行。根据后文“Over the next five months, every one of them ___6___ me from working as a consultant in finance.(在接下来的五个月里，他们中的每一个人都让我放弃了做金融顾问的念头)”可知，我得知一家金融公司要雇佣顾问。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋，和一家分公司的总裁预约了。A. appointment约会；B. arrangement安排；C. prediction预测；D. decision决定。根据后文“That day, it went so well that I was ___3___ he would hire me on the spot(那天，面试进行得非常顺利，我确信他会当场录用我)”可知，作者和分公司的总裁预约面试。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天，面试进行得非常顺利，我确信他会当场录用我。A. worried担忧的；B. positive自信的，有绝对把握的；C. negative消极的；D. skeptical怀疑的。根据本句“it went so well (面试进行得非常顺利)”可知，作者有绝对的把握自己会被当场录用。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他让我再来和他的顶级销售人员面谈12次！A. Otherwise否则，不然；B. Moreover而且；C. Instead代替、反而；D. Then然后。根据上句“That day, it went so well that I was ___3___ he would hire me on the spot.(那天，面试进行得非常顺利，我确信他会当场录用我)”可知，作者认为自己会被当场录用，以及后句“he told me to come back for 12 more ___5___ with his top salespeople!(他让我再来和他的顶级销售人员面谈12次！)”可知，和作者预料地相反，作者并没有被当场录用。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. bargains 讨价还价；B. interviews面试；C. discussions讨论；D. debates辩论。根据后文“___8___, the last interview with the president came.(终于，负责人的最后一次面试来了)”可知，作者进行了12次的面试。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的五个月里，他们中的每一个人都让我放弃了做金融顾问的念头。A. separated分离；B. freed 解放，使自由；C. banned 禁止；D. discouraged泄气。根据后句“The more they attacked my dream, the more my stomach ___7___.(他们越是攻击我的梦想，我的内心就越坚定)”可知，他们中的每一个人都让作者放弃了做金融顾问的念头。discourage sb. from sth. 阻止某人做某事。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们越是攻击我的梦想，我的内心就越坚定。A. loosened（使）放松；解开；B. changed改变；C. tightened加强；D. swelled膨胀。根据后文“I, though nervous, realized I would have to “fake it till I make it.”(我虽然紧张，但意识到我必须“假装成功，直到成功”)”可知，作者做金融顾问的心越来越坚定。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：终于，负责人的最后一次面试来了。A. Eventually最后；B. Surprisingly惊讶地；C. Unfortunately不幸地；D. Constantly经常地，不断地。根据本句“the last interview (最后一次面试)”可知，最终，和负责人的最后一次面试来了。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是你必须参加一次考试，并且在第一次考试中不能丢一分！他宣布。A. question问题；B. point观点，见解；C. day天；D. try尝试。根据本句“But you must take an exam and pass it without one point lost (但是你必须参加考试，并且通过考试，不能丢一分)”可知，作者必须在第一次就答对所有的题目。on the first try“第一次尝试”。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我被这从未有过的巨大风险吸引住了，我使劲咽了咽口水，说道：我要接受这次挑战。A. swallowed吞下；忍受；B. shook摇动；C. clapped鼓掌；D. worked起作用。根据上句“I nearly choked at the prospect of taking a leap of faith into the unknown.”可知，作者进入这家公司的条件很苛刻，但是作者决定接受挑战。swallow hard“使劲咽了下口水，抑制住强烈的感情”，符合语境。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，当分数显示出来的时候，我松了一口气。A. belief相信；B. relief宽慰，轻松；C. regret后悔；D. sorrow悲伤。根据后文“If one advances___13___in the direction of his dreams and ___14___ to live the life he had imagined, he will encounter success ___15___ in common hours.( 如果一个人自信地朝着梦想的方向前进，并试图过他所想象的生活，他就会在平常的时刻遇到意想不到的成功)”可知，作者成功的被录用了，分数出来的时候，作者松了一口气。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的经历证实了梭罗的话的真实性。A. recognized辨别出；B. repeated重复；C. conflicted冲突；D. confirmed证实。根据上文“At last, when the scores were displayed, I let out a loud sigh of ___11___ (最后，当分数显示出来的时候，我松了一口气)”以及后文“If one advances ___13___ in the direction of his dreams and ___14___ to live the life he had imagined, he will encounter success ___15___ in common hours.( 如果一个人自信地朝着梦想的方向前进，并试图过他所想象的生活，他就会在平常的时刻遇到意想不到的成功)”可知，作者成功的被录用了，作者的经历证明梭罗的话的真实性。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果一个人自信地朝着梦想的方向前进，并试图过他所想象的生活，他就会在平常的时刻遇到意想不到的成功。A. confidently自信地；B. aimlessly漫无目的地，无目标地；C. randomly随机地；D. lonely孤独地。根据上文“I, though nervous, realized I would have to “fake it till I make it.”(我虽然紧张，但意识到我必须“假装成功，直到成功”)”可知，作者自信地朝着梦想的方向前进。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. pretends假装；B. agrees同意；C. attempts尝试；D. promises承诺。根据上文“I, though nervous, realized I would have to “fake it till I make it.”(我虽然紧张，但意识到我必须“假装成功，直到成功”)” 可知，作者试图过自己所想象的生活。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他就会在平常的时刻遇到意想不到的成功。A. unpractical不实际地；B. unlikely不可能的；C. unfamiliar不熟悉的；D. unexpected意料之外的，意想不到的。根据上句““If one advances ___13___ in the direction of his dreams and ___14___ to live the life he had imagined(如果一个人自信地朝着梦想的方向前进，并试图过他所想象的生活)”并结合作者的经历可知，如果一个人自信地朝着梦想的方向前进，并试图过他所想象的生活，他就会在平常的时刻遇到意想不到的成功。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
语法填空
In June, the world’s biggest trial of a four-day work week kicked off in the UK. More than 3,300 workers, based throughout the UK and ___36___(represent) more than 30 sectors of the UK economy, began receiving 100% of the pay for 80% of the time. Similar programs ___37___(choose) as a solution to the low-productivity in the workplace by several countries up to now, including the United Arab Emirates, Belgium, etc.
The campaign is aimed at enhancing employees’ willingness ___38___(adjust) the work-life balance and stimulating higher work ___39___(efficient). For many workers, Mondays—or, more typically, Fridays—are transformed into something other than ___40___regular workday. It may be as simple as making it a day of no meetings, which allows employees to catch up on projects they haven’t finished, or as ___41___(extend) as a company wide move to a 32-hour week. For some companies, the four-day work week is a new recruiting tool that sides with a younger generation laying great emphasis ___42___work-life balance. Besides, the ongoing pandemic (流行病) ___43___ (speed) up the four-day trend currently.
___44___carried out in some sectors, this work mode is by no means the mainstream, with potential negative effects. When Japan cut down working hours from 48 to 40 per week in the late 1980s and 1990s, their hardworking residents ___45___(remarkable)watched more TV and spent more time on personal grooming (仪容).
【答案】36. representing
37. have been chosen
38. to adjust
39. efficiency
40. a 41. extensive
42. on##upon
43. is speeding
44. Though##Although##While
45. remarkably
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了世界上最大的四天工作制试点在英国启动，以及这项活动的意义和负面影响。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：来自英国各地、代表英国30多个经济部门的3300多名工人开始在80%的时间内获得100%的工资。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词began，所以represent应该用非谓语动词形式，它的逻辑主语是workers，两者间是主动关系，所以此处应该是用现在分词。故填representing。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，阿拉伯联合酋长国、比利时等多个国家都选择了类似的方案来解决工作场所的低生产率问题。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以choose作本句谓语，主语是programs，两者间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，时间状语up to now是现在完成时的标志，所以应该用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been chosen。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该活动旨在增强员工调整工作与生活平衡的意愿，提高工作效率。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词is，所以adjust应使用非谓语动词，作willingness的定语应用不定式形式。故填to adjust。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：该活动旨在增强员工调整工作与生活平衡的意愿，提高工作效率。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：work efficiency意为“工作效率”。故填efficiency。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：对许多员工来说，周一——或者，更典型的，周五——已经变成了一个不同于常规工作日的日子。分析句子结构可知，workday是可数名词，本句中用的是单数，所以前应用不定冠词修饰，regular是辅音音素开头，应该用a。故填a。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这可能很简单，比如设定一天不开会，这样员工就可以赶完没完成的项目，或者在全公司范围内实行32小时工作制。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定句型：as+形容词/副词原级+as意为“和……一样……”，此处和上文simple并列作表语，应该用形容词，extend的形容词形式是extensive。故填extensive。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：对一些公司来说，每周工作四天是一种新的招聘工具，有利于非常重视工作与生活平衡的年轻一代。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：lay emphasis on/upon意为“注重”。故填on/upon。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，当前的疫情正在加速四天化趋势。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以speed应该作谓语，根据句意，表示目前正在发生的事，应该用现在进行时，主语是pandemic，为第三人称单数。故填is speeding。
【44题详解】
考查状语从句连接词。句意：虽然在一些部门进行了这种工作模式，但绝不是主流，有潜在的负面影响。分析句子结构，根据句意可知，空处引导让步状语从句，表达“虽然，尽管”之意，应是though/although/while，位于句首，首字母应该大写。故填Though/Although/While。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：上世纪80年代末和90年代，当日本将每周工作时间从48小时减少到40小时时，勤劳的日本居民明显地看了更多的电视，花了更多的时间在个人打扮上。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的动词watched，应该用副词修饰动词，remarkable的副词形式是remarkably。故填remarkably。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，你校英文报“Go Ahead”栏目拟刊登介绍国外大学的短文。请你给外教Mary写信约稿。
内容包括：
1. 栏目介绍；
2. 稿件内容；
3. 稿件长度约300词；
4. 交稿日期12月25日前。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mary,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mary
How’s everything going? I’d like to ask you to write an article for “Go Ahead”, a column of our school’s English newspaper.
This column carries articles regarding topics of all sorts written by foreign teachers, which gains tremendous popularity among us students and provides a fantastic platform for us to learn foreign countries. Contributions introducing foreign universities are so needed in the latest issue that we sincerely welcome our foreign teachers to contribute. Your articles could be relevant to campus profile, accommodation condition and academic requirements, which are exactly three major aspects we are concerned about at present.
So could you write such an article with 300 words or so and have it submitted by Dec.25? I am looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇邀请信。要求考生以李华的身份给外教Mary写信约稿，邀请她写一篇文章介绍外国的大学，刊登在校英文报“Go Ahead”栏目。
【详解】1.词汇积累
关于：about→regarding
极大的：huge→tremendous
提供：offer→provide
相关的：related→relevant
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：This column carries articles regarding topics of all sorts written by foreign teachers. It gains tremendous popularity among us students and provides a fantastic platform for us to learn foreign countries.
拓展句：This column carries articles regarding topics of all sorts written by foreign teachers, which gains tremendous popularity among us students and provides a fantastic platform for us to learn foreign countries.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Contributions introducing foreign universities are so needed in the latest issue that we sincerely welcome our foreign teachers to contribute. (运用了so…that引导的结果状语从句)
[高分句型2] Your articles could be relevant to campus profile, accommodation condition and academic requirements, which are exactly three major aspects we are concerned about at present. (运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. Sue and Johnsy had their art studio in Greenwich Village.In November,an unknown disease struck this village and Johnsy was seriously sick with it. The doctor took Sue aside and claimed, “She has one chance in ten. And that chance is for her to want to live.”
Sue came into Johnsy’s room only to find Johnsy’s eyes were open, but they weren’t watching her.Instead,she stared out the window and counted backwards: “Ten, nine, eight, seven... ”
“What are you counting, dear?” asked Sue. “They’re falling faster now,” replied Johnsy. “Three days ago there were almost a hundred. But now there are only five left. When the last one falls, I must go, too. Didn’t the doctor tell you? ”
“Oh, I never heard of such nonsense. Now, try to take some broth(肉汤)，and let yourself relax,” quickly replied Sue. But Johnsy’s mind was made up. “I don’t want any broth. I just want to see the last leaf fall.”
“Try to sleep,” said Sue. Then she went to fetch her neighbour Mr Behrman, a failed painter, to be a model for her drawing. In 40 years he had never produced the masterpiece he longed to paint. Sue told him about Johnsy’s longing to slip away like the leaves. Behrman cried with disbelief, “Such a foolish idea! This is not a place in which Miss Johnsy shall lie sick. Someday I will create a masterpiece, and we shall all go away.”
Behrman and Sue looked out of the window at the vine(藤蔓)and noticed that there was just one remaining leaf. Then they looked at each other for a moment without speaking as if thinking of something artistic. What’s more, a cold rain was falling, mixed with snow.
The next morning, Johnsy woke and asked for the curtains to be opened. One leaf remained on the vine, bravely holding on in the wind and rain. ‘‘It will fall today, for sure. And I will die with it.
That day in the afternoon, the doctor came, not for Johnsy, but for Mr Behrman, who was found lying in bed helplessly with pain, his shoes and clothing wet through and icy cold, and some brushes, paints, a lantern and a ladder on the ground.
The following day, Johnsy commanded that the curtain be raised again.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After Behrman’s funeral, Sue came to Johnsy who was sipping her soup, and said,“I have something to tell you.”
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible Version I
The following day, Johnsy commanded that the curtain be raised again. Miraculously, the leaf was still there, clinging to its stem against the wall, like a strong-willed soldier holding his arms. Staring at the scene for a while, Johnsy turned to Sue and said in a soft voice, “I’ve been a silly girl, Sue. It is definitely a crime to want to die. Now, could you bring me a little broth, and help me sit up.” At this, a flicker of a smile crossed Sue’s face, as she knew inside the embers of hope, the fire of life had been rekindled. “Of course, dear, ” responded Sue with great relief. With a strong desire for life and careful nursing, Johnsy was on the road to recovery. MrBehrman, however, failed in the fight against the disease which claimed his life mercilessly.
After Behrman’s funeral,Sue came to Johnsy who was sipping her soup, and said, “I have something to tell you.” Seated on the bed, Johnsy listened to her attentively. “Mr Behrman died for art and also for you, dear.” Sue paused for a moment, eyes moist with tears. “Look out of the window at the last leaf. Didn’t you wonder why it never fluttered or moved when the wind blew? Ah, dear, it’s Behrman’s last masterpiece. He painted it there the night when the last leaf fell.” Upon hearing this, Johnsy felt as if she were struck by a sudden thunder, too shocked and moved to utter a single word. It didn’t occur to her that in an attempt to cheer her up, Mr Behrman had created such an amazing piece of art at the cost his own life. She decided at that moment that she would cherish and live her life to the utmost and embrace this world with kindness and gratitude.
Possible Version 2
The following day,Johnsy commanded-that the curtain be raised again. Everything outside was bathed in the warm sunshine and the remaining leaf on the wine seemed quite mesmerizing with its dreamlike bright color. “It is still there! ” exclaimed Johnsy with amazement. Noticing her surprised look, Sue confirmed, “Indeed, it didn’t fall after such a violent storm, so never should you give up the hope of recovery! ” Staring at the last leaf, Johnsy felt a gleam of hope flaring up inside her heart, clear and dazzling. Then, she didn’t lie lifeless in bed any more, but sat up and asked Sue for some food. “Never give up!” Johnsy murmured to herself with great courage and determination.
After Behrman’s funeral, Sue came to Johnsy who was sipping her soup, and said, “I have something to tell you.” Seeing a sense of sheer confusion flashing across Johnsy’s eyes, Sue started, “The leaf left on the vine doesn’t fall as it’s a fake l painted by Mr Behrman and me when the last leaf fell during the stormy night. Mr Behrman came up with this brilliant and risky idea and we carried it out together. He created his only masterpiece to give you hope at the price of his life.” Johnsy froze there, overwhelmed by tremendous shock mingled with a feeling of guilt and gratitude. What she realized was that being exposed to the storm that night worsened Behrman’s illness, which led to his death. Outside on the vine, the last leaf appeared so realistic and artistic, standing still tenaciously, like a tiny sliver light in the darkness of Johnsy’s life.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了得了肺炎的Johnsy对生命失去了希望，就等着窗外的最后一片树叶掉了之后就要死去了。但是她的朋友Sue请求画家Behrman画了一片叶子，并把它挂在外面的树上，终于Johnsy又对生活有了希望和活力，但是画家却因为疾病不幸去世了的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“第二天，Johnsy又命令把窗帘拉起来。”可知，第一段可描写那片叶子还在那里，Johnsy重新燃起生命之火。
②由第二段首句内容“Behrman的葬礼结束后，Sue走到正在喝汤的Johnsy身边说：“我有事要告诉你。””可知，第二段可描写Johnsy听到Behrman的故事深受感动，并积极去生活。
2.续写线索：看到叶子——振作——康复——了解真相——震惊——积极生活
3.词汇激活
行为类
①夺去：claim/take toll of
②.暂停：pause/break off
③.摆动：flutter/swing
情绪类
①.震惊的：shocked/stunned
②.感激：gratitude/appreciation
【点睛】[高分句型1]. MrBehrman, however, failed in the fight against the disease which claimed his life mercilessly.（运用了which引导定语从句）
[高分句型2]. She decided at that moment that she would cherish and live her life to the utmost and embrace this world with kindness and gratitude.（运用that引导的宾语从句）
听力1-5 CABCC 6-10 BCBAA 11-15 CABAB 16-20 BCBAC
2023拔尖强基联合定时检测
英语试题
注意事项
1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、班级、考场/座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔填涂;答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写;必须在题号对应的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写无效;保持答卷清洁、完整。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回(试题卷学生保存，以备评讲)。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will the woman help the man?
A.By helping him paint.
B.By handing in a painting.
C.By filling in a form.
2. What is the woman doing
A.Asking the way.
B.Giving directions.
C.Having a haircut.
3. What does Todd have to do alone?
A. Pick up the clients.
B.Give a presentation.
C.Go on a business trip.
4. What does the man mean?
A.He gave Jane a ride.
B.He took a bus home yesterday.
C.He didn’t see Jane on the way home.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Some songs.
B. A car race.
C. A video game.
第二节(共15小题每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6，7题。
6. How many languages can the man speak fluently now?
A.Two.
B.Four.
C.Six.
7. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates.
B. Waiter and customer.
C.Interviewer and interviewee.
听第7段材料，回答第8，9题。
8. When will Sally celebrate her birthday?
A. This Friday.
B.Next Monday.
C.Next Friday.
9. Who will most likely help the woman?
A.Helen.
B.Sara.
C.Carmen.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the book about?
A. Traveling rules.
B. Foreign languages.
C. Tourist attractions.
11. Where is the man going after his business trip?
A.To Saudi Arabia.
B.To Italy.
C. To France.
12. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A.Give her some suggestions.
B.Buy her a souvenir.
C. Make a plan for her.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why did Carla change the way she worked?
A. She didn’t enjoy the work she did.
B. She spent little time at home.
C.She had health problems.
14. What is the reason that Carla runs her own business?
A. To have a flexible schedule.
B. To take more holidays.
C. To earn more money.
15. What has Carla changed about exercise?
A. The amount.
B.The time.
C. The form
16. Which time-saving idea does Carla find efficient?
A.Checking emails on the way to work.
B.Having a lot of similar clothes.
C. Making to-do lists.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who might Mary Locke be
A. A news reporter.
B.A plane designer.
C. A fire ranger.
18. Where do the pilots pick up water?
A. From a river.
B. From a lake.
C.From the Fire Center.
19. How does the speaker describe the pilot’s job?
A. Dangerous.
B. Exciting.
C.Extraordinary.
20. What can we learn from the talk?
A. The plane’s tanks hold no more than 5,000 liters of water.
B. The fire rangers should keep the plane away from the fire.
C. The crew has to drop water 20 times to put out the fire.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题25分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Get stuck into chemistry with these fascinating guides.
An Elementary Guide to the Periodic Table
by Gill Arbuthnott(Bloomsbury Children’s Books)
There are lots of funny stories, fascinating facts and interesting explanations packed into this book, which aims to provide a good introduction to the periodic table. As well as plenty of information, there are lots of eye-catching diagrams and illustrations.
Exploring the Elements
by Isabel Thomas. Illustrated by Sara Gillingham(Phaidon Press)
This beautifully designed book provides an introductory guide to the chemical elements — where they are found, their properties and the remark able ways we’ve learned to use them. Smart and stylish, the book even comes with an illustrated periodic table.
The Elements in the Room
by Mike Barfield. Illustrated by Lauren Humphrey(Laurence King)
As the candidate for lots of awards, this entertaining book invites you to join detective Sherlock Ohms as he tries to solve the mystery of how absolutely everything came to exist. This is a fun way to learn about the basics of chemical elements, from aluminum to zinc.
The Periodic Table Book
by Darling Kindersley, Ltd
If you are just starting your chemistry learning, look no further than this comprehensive visual encyclopedia, which is packed with stunning photographs. It covers all the basics of chemistry, with information about the different elements, and you’ll also learn about some of the famous scientists who discovered them.
1. Which book can explain the application of the elements?
A. An Elementary Guide to the Periodic Table B. Exploring the Elements
C. The Elements in the Room D. The Periodic Table Book
2. How is Mike Barfield’s book different from the other books?
A. It contains an illustrated periodic table. B. It includes interesting stories and facts.
C. It introduces some of the famous chemists. D. It has the potential for winning prizes.
3. Who are the four books especially intended for?
A. Chemistry researchers. B. Chemistry majors.
C. Chemistry beginners. D. Chemistry teachers.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了四本关于化学的书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二本书Exploring the Elements的介绍中“This beautifully designed book provides an introductory guide to the chemical elements —where they are found, their properties and the remark able ways we’ve learned to use them.(这本设计精美的书提供了化学元素的介绍性指南——它们在哪里被发现，它们的特性和我们已经学会的使用它们的值得注意的方法)”可知，Exploring the Elements这本书可以解释化学元素的应用。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三本书The Elements in the Room的介绍中“As the candidate for lots of awards, this entertaining book invites you to join detective Sherlock Ohms as he tries to solve the mystery of how absolutely everything came to exist.(作为众多奖项的候选，这本有趣的书邀请你加入侦探Sherlock Ohms，因为他试图解决绝对的一切是如何存在的谜)”可知，Mike Barfield的书与众不同之处在于它有可能获奖。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Get stuck into chemistry with these fascinating guides.(跟着这些有吸引力的指南进入化学)”可知，四本书是为化学的初学者而写的。故选C。
B
The tornado came without any sign——the sky was blue and the sun had been out. My husband Jimmy ran upstairs to find me in our third-floor bedroom. No sooner had we found coverage of the tornado than it was on top of us. The bones of the house shook, and the power went out. The wind began to roar through the house. We had three flights of steps to navigate to get to the relative safety of the first floor. Because the closet down there was installed underneath a brick staircase, it seemed like the most solid place in our house to wait things out.
I didn’t know how or if we would make it down the steps. It felt as if there were no floor underneath me as the wind lifted me off my feet. I gripped the handrail (扶手) and tried to move forward, but this intense pressure held me in place. In those seconds of stillness, I could hear everything around me rattling.
As we reached the last flight of steps, our front door blew out. Pieces of glass that looked like broken ice flew everywhere. Suddenly, a three-foot-long tree branch whipped through the door frame. It flew over our heads, missing us by inches. Had we been one step up, it would have gone through us and caused serious injuries. The back wall of the house followed suit and tore off into the darkness outside.
Instantly I reached the closet, Jimmy pushed me (down to the closet floor, but he couldn’t get inside himself because of the wind.I gripped Jimmy’s arm as the tornado sucked the door open and tried to bring Jimmy with it. My knees were full of glass, but at that moment, I felt no pain. If I had let go, Jimmy would have flown right out and into the bay.“Hold on! Hold on!” he yelled. But there was nothing in this closet to hold on to.
All of a sudden, Jimmy lifted off his feet like people in tornadoes do in the movies. I thought he was gone. And then everything stopped. He landed on his feet. At those first quiet moments, I couldn’t believe it was over. Jimmy said he’d go outside to check. “No,” I said. “Don’t leave me.”
Our neighbor says the storm lasted four minutes. At that time, four of the twelve houses in our community were completely destroyed. Of the houses left standing, ours suffered the most damage. However, none of us were severely injured.
4. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A. The tornado came on a rainy day.
B. During the tornado the first floor was safer.
C. Before the tornado, the author was sleeping.
D. The brick staircase was destroyed by the tornado.
5. How did the author impress on us the force of the tornado?
A. By giving concrete descriptions. B. By offering specific examples.
C. By making striking comparisons. D. By quoting complex conversations.
6. What happened when the author reached the closet?
A. The door was tightly closed. B. Jimmy flew right out.
C. She struggled to hold Jimmy’s arm. D. The glass made her feel much pain.
7. How did the author feel after the tornado?
A. Frightened but relieved. B. Amazed and excited.
C. Regretful but hopeful. D. Disappointed and worried.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了龙卷风突然来袭，作者家的房子损坏严重，但作者和丈夫竟然安然无恙地幸存下来了的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第一段“We had three flights of steps to navigate to get to the relative safety of the first floor. Because the closet down there was installed underneath a brick staircase, it seemed like the most solid place in our house to wait things out.（我们要走三段台阶才能到达相对安全的一楼。因为下面的壁橱安装在一个砖砌楼梯下面，它似乎是我们家里等待事情结束的最可靠的地方。）”可知，在龙卷风期间，一楼比较安全。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第三段最后一句“In those seconds of stillness, I could hear everything around me rattling.（在那几秒钟的寂静中，我能听到周围的一切在格格作响。）”以及文章第四段“As we reached the last flight of steps, our front door blew out. Shards of glass that looked like broken ice flew everywhere. Suddenly, a three-foot-long tree branch whipped through the doorframe. It flew over our heads, missing us by inches. Had we been one step up, it would have impaled us. The back wall of the house followed suit and tore off into the darkness outside.（当我们到达最后一段台阶时，我们的前门炸开了。看起来像碎冰的玻璃碎片到处飞。突然，一根三英尺长的树枝从门框里窜了进来。它飞过我们的头顶，离我们只有几英寸远。如果我们再向前一步，它就会刺穿我们。房子的后墙紧随其后，消失在外面的黑暗中。）”可知，作者是通过具体描述龙卷风的破坏力之强，从而让我们认识到龙卷风的危害的。故选A。
6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Instantly I reached the closet, Jimmy pushed me (down to the closet floor, but he couldn’t get inside himself because of the wind. I gripped Jimmy’s arm as the tornado sucked the door open and tried to bring Jimmy with it.（我一到壁橱，吉米就把我推到壁橱的地板上，但因为风太大，他自己进不去。龙卷风把门卷开时，我紧紧抓住吉米的胳膊，想把吉米也拉过来。）”可知，当作者到达壁橱时，她挣扎着抓住吉米的胳膊。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“At those first quiet moments, I couldn’t believe it was over. Jimmy said he’d go outside to check. “No,” I said. “Don’t leave me.”（ 在最初平静的时刻，我不敢相信一切都结束了。吉米说他会出去看看。“不，”我说。“不要离开我。”）”以及文章最后一段“Of the houses left standing, ours suffered the most damage. However, none of us were severely injured.（在未倒塌的房屋中，我们的受损最严重。然而，我们没有人受重伤。）”可推断，作者在龙卷风过后感觉害怕，但又感到欣慰。故选A。
C
Every year thousands of people come to the city of Pamplona, in north-eastern Spain, for the opportunity to run for their lives as six fighting bulls are released to charge through the town. There are injuries and deaths every year, but the event is of interest to many people. A paper just published in Science describes the insight the event offers into the psychology of panicked crowds.
That is a useful topic to explore. Architects, civil engineers and urban planners must try to work out how people will behave in the event of a disaster like a fire, a flood or a terrorist attack so they can design their creations to avoid potentially deadly collisions. Unfortunately, solid information is hard to come by. Daniel Parisi, the paper’s lead author, realized that the Pamplona bull-runs offered the perfect natural experiment.
Dr Parisi and his team went to two different rooftop locations in Pamplona in July 2019, and filmed the runners as the animals were released. Later in the lab, they calculated the speed of the runners, the density (密度) of the crowd, the probability of a runner tripping and falling and the relationship between runner-group density and speed.
Perhaps unsurprisingly, the researchers found that runners picked up speed when the bulls drew near. Less expected was the finding,that the speed of individual runners augmented with the density of the crowd, which was contrary to a long-held assumption in architectural and urban-design circles that people will slow their pace as group density goes up, in order to lower the risk of a collision, which could lead to a fall and, perhaps, injury or death.
It seems that, in the heat of the moment, people pay little attention to the danger of colliding with each other and even accelerate. The responsibility therefore falls upon urban designers to work out how best to plan the construction of future tunnels, bridges and other passages that restrict flow. The only option may well be to make them broad enough.
8. Which statement is true according to the first two paragraphs?
A. Bull-runs in Pamplona are exciting but dangerous.
B. People are well aware of the psychology of the panicked crowds.
C. The research paper to be published in Science was written by Dr Parisi and his team.
D. It is easy to obtain reliable information of panicked people’s behavior in disastrous events.
9. Why did Dr Parisi and his team go to two different rooftop locations?
A. To enjoy a thrilling bull-fight. B. To prove their theory.
C. To design a psychological experiment. D. To collect relevant data.
10. What does the underlined word “augmented”mean in Paragraph 4?
A. Remained. B. Decreased. C. Doubled. D. Increased.
11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. People lose their mind in disasters.
B. Future tunnels and bridges may be wider.
C. Panicked crowds take notice of the danger of collision.
D. Restricting flow results in people’s colliding with each other.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在Pamplona，每年有很多人来看“奔牛”，科学家通过研究“奔牛”过程中人们奔跑速度的快慢，发现跑步者的速度随着人群密度的增加而增加，这给了建筑设计师关于城市建设的很多启示。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Every year thousands of people come to the city of Pamplona, in north-eastern Spain, for the opportunity to run for their lives as six fighting bulls are released to charge through the town. There are injuries and deaths every year, but the event is of interest to many people.(每年都有成千上万的人来到西班牙东北部的潘普洛纳市，寻找逃命的机会，因为六头正在战斗的公牛被释放出来，在该市到处冲撞。每年都有受伤和死亡事件发生，但许多人对这项活动很感兴趣)”可知，潘普洛纳的奔牛节很刺激，但也很危险。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Dr Parisi and his team went to two different rooftop locations in Pamplona in July 2019, and filmed the runners as the animals were released. Later in the lab, they calculated the speed of the runners, the density of the crowd，the probability of a runner tripping and falling and the relationship between runner-group density and speed.(2019年7月，帕里西博士和他的团队前往潘普洛纳的两个不同的屋顶地点，在动物被释放时拍摄了跑步者。随后在实验室中，他们计算了跑步者的速度、人群密度、跑步者绊倒和摔倒的概率以及跑步者群体密度和速度之间的关系)”可知，帕里西博士和他的团队去了两个不同的屋顶地点是为了收集相关资料。故选D项。
【10题详解】
此句猜测题。根据后文“which was contrary to a long-held assumption in architectural and urban-design circles that people will slow their pace as group density goes up, in order to lower the risk of a collision, which could lead to a fall and, perhaps,injury or death.(与建筑和城市设计界长期以来的假设相反。该假设认为，随着人群密度的增加，人们会放慢步伐，以降低可能导致摔倒甚至受伤甚至死亡的碰撞风险)”可知，人们刚开始时认为随着人群密度的增加，人们会放慢步伐，结果确是相反的，所以此处augmented应是“提高”之意，表达“个体跑步者的速度会随着人群密度的增加而增加”之意，与Increased意思相近。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It seems that, in the heat of the moment, people pay little attention to the danger of colliding with each other and even accelerate. The responsibility therefore falls upon urban designers to work out how best to plan the construction of future tunnels, bridges and other passages that restrict flow. The only option may well be to make them broad enough.(似乎，在最激动的时刻，人们很少注意到相互碰撞甚至加速的危险。因此，城市设计师的责任是制定出如何最好地规划未来的隧道、桥梁和其他限制交通的通道的建设。唯一的选择可能是让它们足够广泛)”可推知，未来的隧道和桥梁可能会更宽。故选B项。
D
Asparagus (芦笋) is a very odd vegetable.It can grow up to 2cm in an hour. Cut a field one afternoon, return the next morning, and with almost frightening speed it will be back. Whereas other vegetables spend time producing leaves, asparagus grows as single spears (嫩茎), making it superbly suited to robotic pickers.
In late June a small white object slowly makes its way along a field of asparagus in Gloucester-shire. When it passes over a group of spears it pauses, whirr then clunks: the asparagus has been sliced. This robot called Sprout is being developed by a London start up called Muddy Machines. It is more inflexible on wheels than Ex Ma-china android. However, John Chinn, Britain’s largest asparagus producer, regards it with enthusiasm. For him, he says, it could be“fantastic”.
The world is suffering from a shortage of seasonal workers. Last summer Mr. Chinn needed 1,300 workers. He got around 800. Trying to find labour is, for a farmer, “the thing that stops you sleeping”. The shortage of workers is particularly acute in Britain, where Brexit(英国脱欧)has been spoiling harvests as well as growth.
Now, it is a time to innovate. Moravec’s paradox (莫拉维克悖论) states that computers find things simple that humans find hard — and vice versa.Differential calculus (微分学)?Not a problem. Telling the difference between a ripe strawberry and a stone? Really hard. Harvesting is especially ripe for robotic puzzlement.Leaves confuse them;bumps puzzle them; colour prevents them.In 2015,Joe Jones, a robotics whose inventions include the Roomba,a vacuum cleaner, was considering new areas to explore, and started to make a list of which crops a robot might be able to pick most easily. He considered different variables (变量) that “would make it easy for a robot to handle”, then scored each crop out of 12.“And what crop,”he wrote on his blog,“came out on top?”
In the fields of Gloucester shire is the answer. Sprout crawls forward; pauses. Another whirr, whoosh, clunk. It is an original model, but Mr. Chinn is optimistic. His dream would be to see a herd of 100 in his fields next year.He needs them.The stress is now so bad that ”If we can’t find a solution, we’ll all give up soon.“
12. Why is asparagus particularly suited for robotic picking?
A. Because it is an unusual vegetable.
B. Because it is always planted on a large scale.
C. Because it grows as single spears at an alarming rate.
D. Because it produces leaves quickly like other vegetables.
13. What do we know about Sprout?
A It is favored by Britain’s largest asparagus producer.
B. It has an advantage over Ex Machina android on wheels.
C. It is well developed by a new company named Muddy Machines.
D. It is a huge white machine which will let out annoying noise while working.
14. What is the intention of mentioning Moravec’s paradox?
A. To remind us it’s time to make technological innovation.
B. To prove computers find things easy that humans find difficult.
C. To show various factors must be considered in deciding crops ideal for robotic pickers.
D. To tell us computers are better at differential calculus than telling a strawberry from a stone.
15. Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. A Promising Helper B. Asparagus Getting Picky
C. Sprout,Helping Asparagus D. A New Invention on the Way
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了芦笋是一种非常奇怪的蔬菜，它的采摘工作变得越来越复杂。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Asparagus is a very odd vegetable. It can grow up to 2cm in an hour. Cut a field one afternoon, return the next morning, and with almost frightening speed it will be back. Whereas other vegetables spend time producing leaves, asparagus grows as single spears，making it superbly suited to robotic pickers.”（芦笋是一种非常奇怪的蔬菜。它可以在一小时内长到2厘米。一个下午砍掉一块地，第二天早上再回来，它就会以惊人的速度回来。与其他蔬菜花时间长出叶子不同，芦笋生长成单枝，非常适合机器人采摘。）可知，芦笋特别适合机器人采摘是因为它以惊人的速度生长。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“This robot called Sprout is being developed by a London start up called Muddy Machines. It is more inflexible on wheels than Ex Ma-china android. However, John Chinn, Britain’s largest asparagus producer, regards it with enthusiasm. For him, he says, it could be “fantastic”.”（这个名为Sprout的机器人是由伦敦一家名为Muddy Machines的初创公司开发的。它的轮子比中国机器人更不灵活。然而，英国最大的芦笋生产商John Chinn却对此充满热情。他说，对他来说，这可能是“奇妙的”。）可知，关于Sprout我们知道，它受到了英国最大的芦笋生产商的青睐。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Moravec’s paradox (莫拉维克悖论) states that computers find things simple that humans find hard — and vice versa. Differential calculus (微分学)?Not a problem. Telling the difference between a ripe strawberry and a stone? Really hard. Harvesting is especially ripe for robotic puzzlement. Leaves confuse them; bumps puzzle them; colour prevents them.”（莫拉维克悖论指出，计算机觉得简单的事情，人类觉得困难的事情，反之亦然。微分学吗？没问题。能区分熟草莓和石头吗？真的很难。收割对于机器人益智游戏来说尤其成熟。树叶使他们迷惑，凹凸不平使他们迷惑；颜色会阻止它们。）故可推知，提到莫拉维克悖论的意图是在决定适合机器人采摘的作物时，必须考虑各种因素。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第四段中“In 2015,Joe Jones, a robotics whose inventions include the Roomba, a vacuum cleaner, was considering new areas to explore, and started to make a list of which crops a robot might be able to pick most easily. He considered different variables that “would make it easy for a robot to handle”, then scored each crop out of 12.“And what crop,” he wrote on his blog, “came out on top?””（2015年，发明了吸尘器Roomba等产品的机器人人乔·琼斯(Joe Jones)正在考虑探索新的领域，并开始列出机器人可能最容易采摘的作物清单。他考虑了“让机器人更容易处理”的不同变量，然后给每个作物打了12分。他在博客上写道：“哪一种作物最受欢迎？”）以及最后一段中“The stress is now so bad that ”If we can’t find a solution, we’ll all give up soon.“”（现在的压力太大了，以至于“如果我们找不到解决方案，我们很快就会放弃。”）可知，文章主要讲的是芦笋是一种非常奇怪的蔬菜，它的采摘工作变得越来越复杂。故文章最好的标题为“芦笋，越来越挑剔。”故选B项。
第二节(共5小题每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Memory allows the brain to store and retrieve (检索) information when required. Our short-term memory can hold a small amount of information for a short time, ___16___Our memory is amazing, but why do we still forget things?
It’s possible we don’t always store information in our memory effectively, maybe because we are in a rush or we consider it irrelevant at the time.___17___If you don’t have these connections, then it can be easier to forget. Luis Villazon says “It is also possible that memories decline over time. As they have not been revisited, their biological ‘trace’ becomes weak.” It’s true that if you don’t perform a task for a long period of time, it can be difficult to recall how to do it. This could be because, just like in a computer, our memory is full, or that our short-term memory is easier to access.
___18___Have you ever gone into a room to fetch something only to forget what you wanted when you got there? This is called ‘The Doorway Effect’. Psychologist Tom Stafford explains that “this occurs because we change both the physical and mental environments, moving to a different room and thinking about different things.” ___19___
So, if you have a mind like a sieve (筛子), it could be because you have too much on your mind. ___20___Generally, beyond our 50s our brains tend to shrink in volume and our memory begins to decline. That’s when we’re at more risk of getting Alzheimer’s disease.
A. so we can remember much knowledge at a stroke.
B. But sometimes even our short-term memory can let us down.
C. But we do need to keep our memory sharp by continually using it.
D. Put simply, we are metaphorically trying to spin too many plates at the same time.
E. while our long-term memory can hold an unlimited amount of information for a long time.
F. It would waste our cognitive (认知的) resources if we remembered every detail of the world around us.
G. When we do store information, we often make connections with other things, which helps us recall it later.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. B 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了我们为什么会忘事。
【16题详解】
上文“Our short-term memory can hold a small amount of information fora short time(我们的短期记忆可以在短时间内保存少量的信息)”是描述短期记忆，分析选项，E项“而我们的长期记忆可以长时间保存无限数量的信息”是描述长期记忆，与上文形成对比，符合语境。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据下文“If you don’t have these connections, then it can be easier to forget.(如果你没有这些联系，就很容易忘记)”可知，空处应是提到connections，G项“当我们存储信息时，我们经常会与其他事物建立联系，这有助于我们在以后回忆起它”符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
空处是本段主题句，根据下文“Have you ever gone into a room to fetch something only to forget what you wanted when you got there?(你有没有过这样的经历：走进房间去取东西，结果到了房间却忘了自己想要的东西？)”可知，本段是描述短期记忆提取失败的现象，B项“但有时甚至我们的短期记忆也会让我们失望”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
上文“Psychologist Tom Stafford explains that ‘this occurs because we change both the physical and mental environments, moving to a different room and thinking about different things.’(心理学家Tom Stafford解释说，‘这是因为我们改变了生理和心理环境，搬到不同的房间，思考不同的事情。’)”解释了“门口效应”产生的原因，分析选项，D项“简单地说，我们比喻试图在同一时间旋转太多的盘子”也是对这一现象的解释。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“So，if you have a mind like a sieve (筛子), it could be because you have too much on your mind.(所以，如果你的大脑像筛子一样，这可能是因为你的大脑中有太多的东西)”可知，如果大脑中有太多信息，大脑就会像筛子一样漏掉信息，即容易发生遗忘，根据下文“Generally, beyond our 50s our brains tend to shrink in volume and our memory begins to decline.(一般来说，当我们超过50岁时，我们的大脑容量趋于萎缩，我们的记忆力开始衰退)”可知，超过50岁时大脑趋于萎缩，记忆力开始衰退，所以空处与上文是转折关系，表示虽然大脑中有太多信息时会像筛子一样容易遗忘，但是我们确实需要不断使用记忆力来保持敏锐，因为随着年龄的增长记忆力会衰退，C项“但是，我们确实需要通过不断地使用记忆力来保持敏锐”符合语境。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Having worked in a bank for ten years, I determined to go beyond a nine-to-five job. Scanning advertisements, I learned a___21___company was to hire consultants. Excited, I made a(n)___22___with a branch president. That day, it went so well that I was ___23___he would hire me on the spot.___24___, he told me to come back for 12 more___25___with his top salespeople!
Over the next five months, every one of them___26___me from working as a consultant in finance. The more they attacked my dream, the more my stomach___27___. I, though nervous, realized I would have to “fake it till I make it.”
___28___, the last interview with the president came. “You’ve got the job! But you must take an exam and pass it without one point lost on the first___29___!” he announced.
I nearly choked at the prospect of taking a leap of faith into the unknown. However, attracted by this great risk I had never had, I___30___hard and said, “I’ll take it.” At last, when the scores were displayed, I let out a loud sigh of ___31___
My experience___32___ the truth of Thoreau’s words: “If one advances___33___in the direction of his dreams and___34___to live the life he had imagined, he will encounter success___35___in common hours.”
21. A. commercial B. marketing C. financial D. traveling
22. A. appointment B. arrangement C. prediction D. decision
23. A. worried B. positive C. negative D. skeptical
24. A. Otherwise B. Moreover C. Instead D. Then
25. A. bargains B. interviews C. discussions D. debates
26. A. separated B. freed C. banned D. discouraged
27. A. loosened B. changed C. tightened D. swelled
28. A. Eventually B. Surprisingly C. Unfortunately D. Constantly
29. A. question B. point C. day D. try
30. A. swallowed B. shook C. clapped D. worked
31. A. belief B. relief C. regret D. sorrow
32. A. recognized B. repeated C. conflicted D. confirmed
33. A. confidently B. aimlessly C. randomly D. lonely
34. A. pretends B. agrees C. attempts D. promises
35. A. unpractical B. unlikely C. unfamiliar D. unexpected
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者希望从事自己理想中的职业，在历经多次面试、接受严苛的训练等种种困难之后最终实现梦想的经历。
【21题详解】
考查形容词和动名词词义辨析。句意：浏览了一些广告，我得知一家金融公司要雇佣顾问。A. commercial商业的；B. marketing促销；C. financial金融的；D. traveling旅行。根据后文“Over the next five months, every one of them ___6___ me from working as a consultant in finance.(在接下来的五个月里，他们中的每一个人都让我放弃了做金融顾问的念头)”可知，我得知一家金融公司要雇佣顾问。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋，和一家分公司的总裁预约了。A. appointment约会；B. arrangement安排；C. prediction预测；D. decision决定。根据后文“That day, it went so well that I was ___3___ he would hire me on the spot(那天，面试进行得非常顺利，我确信他会当场录用我)”可知，作者和分公司的总裁预约面试。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天，面试进行得非常顺利，我确信他会当场录用我。A. worried担忧的；B. positive自信的，有绝对把握的；C. negative消极的；D. skeptical怀疑的。根据本句“it went so well (面试进行得非常顺利)”可知，作者有绝对的把握自己会被当场录用。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他让我再来和他的顶级销售人员面谈12次！A. Otherwise否则，不然；B. Moreover而且；C. Instead代替、反而；D. Then然后。根据上句“That day, it went so well that I was ___3___ he would hire me on the spot.(那天，面试进行得非常顺利，我确信他会当场录用我)”可知，作者认为自己会被当场录用，以及后句“he told me to come back for 12 more ___5___ with his top salespeople!(他让我再来和他的顶级销售人员面谈12次！)”可知，和作者预料地相反，作者并没有被当场录用。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. bargains 讨价还价；B. interviews面试；C. discussions讨论；D. debates辩论。根据后文“___8___, the last interview with the president came.(终于，负责人的最后一次面试来了)”可知，作者进行了12次的面试。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的五个月里，他们中的每一个人都让我放弃了做金融顾问的念头。A. separated分离；B. freed 解放，使自由；C. banned 禁止；D. discouraged泄气。根据后句“The more they attacked my dream, the more my stomach ___7___.(他们越是攻击我的梦想，我的内心就越坚定)”可知，他们中的每一个人都让作者放弃了做金融顾问的念头。discourage sb. from sth. 阻止某人做某事。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们越是攻击我的梦想，我的内心就越坚定。A. loosened（使）放松；解开；B. changed改变；C. tightened加强；D. swelled膨胀。根据后文“I, though nervous, realized I would have to “fake it till I make it.”(我虽然紧张，但意识到我必须“假装成功，直到成功”)”可知，作者做金融顾问的心越来越坚定。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：终于，负责人的最后一次面试来了。A. Eventually最后；B. Surprisingly惊讶地；C. Unfortunately不幸地；D. Constantly经常地，不断地。根据本句“the last interview (最后一次面试)”可知，最终，和负责人的最后一次面试来了。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是你必须参加一次考试，并且在第一次考试中不能丢一分！他宣布。A. question问题；B. point观点，见解；C. day天；D. try尝试。根据本句“But you must take an exam and pass it without one point lost (但是你必须参加考试，并且通过考试，不能丢一分)”可知，作者必须在第一次就答对所有的题目。on the first try“第一次尝试”。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我被这从未有过的巨大风险吸引住了，我使劲咽了咽口水，说道：我要接受这次挑战。A. swallowed吞下；忍受；B. shook摇动；C. clapped鼓掌；D. worked起作用。根据上句“I nearly choked at the prospect of taking a leap of faith into the unknown.”可知，作者进入这家公司的条件很苛刻，但是作者决定接受挑战。swallow hard“使劲咽了下口水，抑制住强烈的感情”，符合语境。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，当分数显示出来的时候，我松了一口气。A. belief相信；B. relief宽慰，轻松；C. regret后悔；D. sorrow悲伤。根据后文“If one advances___13___in the direction of his dreams and ___14___ to live the life he had imagined, he will encounter success ___15___ in common hours.( 如果一个人自信地朝着梦想的方向前进，并试图过他所想象的生活，他就会在平常的时刻遇到意想不到的成功)”可知，作者成功的被录用了，分数出来的时候，作者松了一口气。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的经历证实了梭罗的话的真实性。A. recognized辨别出；B. repeated重复；C. conflicted冲突；D. confirmed证实。根据上文“At last, when the scores were displayed, I let out a loud sigh of ___11___ (最后，当分数显示出来的时候，我松了一口气)”以及后文“If one advances ___13___ in the direction of his dreams and ___14___ to live the life he had imagined, he will encounter success ___15___ in common hours.( 如果一个人自信地朝着梦想的方向前进，并试图过他所想象的生活，他就会在平常的时刻遇到意想不到的成功)”可知，作者成功的被录用了，作者的经历证明梭罗的话的真实性。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果一个人自信地朝着梦想的方向前进，并试图过他所想象的生活，他就会在平常的时刻遇到意想不到的成功。A. confidently自信地；B. aimlessly漫无目的地，无目标地；C. randomly随机地；D. lonely孤独地。根据上文“I, though nervous, realized I would have to “fake it till I make it.”(我虽然紧张，但意识到我必须“假装成功，直到成功”)”可知，作者自信地朝着梦想的方向前进。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. pretends假装；B. agrees同意；C. attempts尝试；D. promises承诺。根据上文“I, though nervous, realized I would have to “fake it till I make it.”(我虽然紧张，但意识到我必须“假装成功，直到成功”)” 可知，作者试图过自己所想象的生活。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他就会在平常的时刻遇到意想不到的成功。A. unpractical不实际地；B. unlikely不可能的；C. unfamiliar不熟悉的；D. unexpected意料之外的，意想不到的。根据上句““If one advances ___13___ in the direction of his dreams and ___14___ to live the life he had imagined(如果一个人自信地朝着梦想的方向前进，并试图过他所想象的生活)”并结合作者的经历可知，如果一个人自信地朝着梦想的方向前进，并试图过他所想象的生活，他就会在平常的时刻遇到意想不到的成功。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
语法填空
In June, the world’s biggest trial of a four-day work week kicked off in the UK. More than 3,300 workers, based throughout the UK and ___36___(represent) more than 30 sectors of the UK economy, began receiving 100% of the pay for 80% of the time. Similar programs ___37___(choose) as a solution to the low-productivity in the workplace by several countries up to now, including the United Arab Emirates, Belgium, etc.
The campaign is aimed at enhancing employees’ willingness ___38___(adjust) the work-life balance and stimulating higher work ___39___(efficient). For many workers, Mondays—or, more typically, Fridays—are transformed into something other than ___40___regular workday. It may be as simple as making it a day of no meetings, which allows employees to catch up on projects they haven’t finished, or as ___41___(extend) as a company wide move to a 32-hour week. For some companies, the four-day work week is a new recruiting tool that sides with a younger generation laying great emphasis ___42___work-life balance. Besides, the ongoing pandemic (流行病) ___43___ (speed) up the four-day trend currently.
___44___carried out in some sectors, this work mode is by no means the mainstream, with potential negative effects. When Japan cut down working hours from 48 to 40 per week in the late 1980s and 1990s, their hardworking residents ___45___(remarkable)watched more TV and spent more time on personal grooming (仪容).
【答案】36. representing
37. have been chosen
38. to adjust
39. efficiency
40. a 41. extensive
42. on##upon
43. is speeding
44. Though##Although##While
45. remarkably
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了世界上最大的四天工作制试点在英国启动，以及这项活动的意义和负面影响。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：来自英国各地、代表英国30多个经济部门的3300多名工人开始在80%的时间内获得100%的工资。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词began，所以represent应该用非谓语动词形式，它的逻辑主语是workers，两者间是主动关系，所以此处应该是用现在分词。故填representing。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，阿拉伯联合酋长国、比利时等多个国家都选择了类似的方案来解决工作场所的低生产率问题。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以choose作本句谓语，主语是programs，两者间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，时间状语up to now是现在完成时的标志，所以应该用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been chosen。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该活动旨在增强员工调整工作与生活平衡的意愿，提高工作效率。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词is，所以adjust应使用非谓语动词，作willingness的定语应用不定式形式。故填to adjust。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：该活动旨在增强员工调整工作与生活平衡的意愿，提高工作效率。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：work efficiency意为“工作效率”。故填efficiency。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：对许多员工来说，周一——或者，更典型的，周五——已经变成了一个不同于常规工作日的日子。分析句子结构可知，workday是可数名词，本句中用的是单数，所以前应用不定冠词修饰，regular是辅音音素开头，应该用a。故填a。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这可能很简单，比如设定一天不开会，这样员工就可以赶完没完成的项目，或者在全公司范围内实行32小时工作制。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定句型：as+形容词/副词原级+as意为“和……一样……”，此处和上文simple并列作表语，应该用形容词，extend的形容词形式是extensive。故填extensive。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：对一些公司来说，每周工作四天是一种新的招聘工具，有利于非常重视工作与生活平衡的年轻一代。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：lay emphasis on/upon意为“注重”。故填on/upon。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，当前的疫情正在加速四天化趋势。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以speed应该作谓语，根据句意，表示目前正在发生的事，应该用现在进行时，主语是pandemic，为第三人称单数。故填is speeding。
【44题详解】
考查状语从句连接词。句意：虽然在一些部门进行了这种工作模式，但绝不是主流，有潜在的负面影响。分析句子结构，根据句意可知，空处引导让步状语从句，表达“虽然，尽管”之意，应是though/although/while，位于句首，首字母应该大写。故填Though/Although/While。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：上世纪80年代末和90年代，当日本将每周工作时间从48小时减少到40小时时，勤劳的日本居民明显地看了更多的电视，花了更多的时间在个人打扮上。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的动词watched，应该用副词修饰动词，remarkable的副词形式是remarkably。故填remarkably。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，你校英文报“Go Ahead”栏目拟刊登介绍国外大学的短文。请你给外教Mary写信约稿。
内容包括：
1. 栏目介绍；
2. 稿件内容；
3. 稿件长度约300词；
4. 交稿日期12月25日前。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mary,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mary
How’s everything going? I’d like to ask you to write an article for “Go Ahead”, a column of our school’s English newspaper.
This column carries articles regarding topics of all sorts written by foreign teachers, which gains tremendous popularity among us students and provides a fantastic platform for us to learn foreign countries. Contributions introducing foreign universities are so needed in the latest issue that we sincerely welcome our foreign teachers to contribute. Your articles could be relevant to campus profile, accommodation condition and academic requirements, which are exactly three major aspects we are concerned about at present.
So could you write such an article with 300 words or so and have it submitted by Dec.25? I am looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇邀请信。要求考生以李华的身份给外教Mary写信约稿，邀请她写一篇文章介绍外国的大学，刊登在校英文报“Go Ahead”栏目。
【详解】1.词汇积累
关于：about→regarding
极大的：huge→tremendous
提供：offer→provide
相关的：related→relevant
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：This column carries articles regarding topics of all sorts written by foreign teachers. It gains tremendous popularity among us students and provides a fantastic platform for us to learn foreign countries.
拓展句：This column carries articles regarding topics of all sorts written by foreign teachers, which gains tremendous popularity among us students and provides a fantastic platform for us to learn foreign countries.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Contributions introducing foreign universities are so needed in the latest issue that we sincerely welcome our foreign teachers to contribute. (运用了so…that引导的结果状语从句)
[高分句型2] Your articles could be relevant to campus profile, accommodation condition and academic requirements, which are exactly three major aspects we are concerned about at present. (运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. Sue and Johnsy had their art studio in Greenwich Village.In November,an unknown disease struck this village and Johnsy was seriously sick with it. The doctor took Sue aside and claimed, “She has one chance in ten. And that chance is for her to want to live.”
Sue came into Johnsy’s room only to find Johnsy’s eyes were open, but they weren’t watching her.Instead,she stared out the window and counted backwards: “Ten, nine, eight, seven... ”
“What are you counting, dear?” asked Sue. “They’re falling faster now,” replied Johnsy. “Three days ago there were almost a hundred. But now there are only five left. When the last one falls, I must go, too. Didn’t the doctor tell you? ”
“Oh, I never heard of such nonsense. Now, try to take some broth(肉汤)，and let yourself relax,” quickly replied Sue. But Johnsy’s mind was made up. “I don’t want any broth. I just want to see the last leaf fall.”
“Try to sleep,” said Sue. Then she went to fetch her neighbour Mr Behrman, a failed painter, to be a model for her drawing. In 40 years he had never produced the masterpiece he longed to paint. Sue told him about Johnsy’s longing to slip away like the leaves. Behrman cried with disbelief, “Such a foolish idea! This is not a place in which Miss Johnsy shall lie sick. Someday I will create a masterpiece, and we shall all go away.”
Behrman and Sue looked out of the window at the vine(藤蔓)and noticed that there was just one remaining leaf. Then they looked at each other for a moment without speaking as if thinking of something artistic. What’s more, a cold rain was falling, mixed with snow.
The next morning, Johnsy woke and asked for the curtains to be opened. One leaf remained on the vine, bravely holding on in the wind and rain. ‘‘It will fall today, for sure. And I will die with it.
That day in the afternoon, the doctor came, not for Johnsy, but for Mr Behrman, who was found lying in bed helplessly with pain, his shoes and clothing wet through and icy cold, and some brushes, paints, a lantern and a ladder on the ground.
The following day, Johnsy commanded that the curtain be raised again.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After Behrman’s funeral, Sue came to Johnsy who was sipping her soup, and said,“I have something to tell you.”
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible Version I
The following day, Johnsy commanded that the curtain be raised again. Miraculously, the leaf was still there, clinging to its stem against the wall, like a strong-willed soldier holding his arms. Staring at the scene for a while, Johnsy turned to Sue and said in a soft voice, “I’ve been a silly girl, Sue. It is definitely a crime to want to die. Now, could you bring me a little broth, and help me sit up.” At this, a flicker of a smile crossed Sue’s face, as she knew inside the embers of hope, the fire of life had been rekindled. “Of course, dear, ” responded Sue with great relief. With a strong desire for life and careful nursing, Johnsy was on the road to recovery. MrBehrman, however, failed in the fight against the disease which claimed his life mercilessly.
After Behrman’s funeral,Sue came to Johnsy who was sipping her soup, and said, “I have something to tell you.” Seated on the bed, Johnsy listened to her attentively. “Mr Behrman died for art and also for you, dear.” Sue paused for a moment, eyes moist with tears. “Look out of the window at the last leaf. Didn’t you wonder why it never fluttered or moved when the wind blew? Ah, dear, it’s Behrman’s last masterpiece. He painted it there the night when the last leaf fell.” Upon hearing this, Johnsy felt as if she were struck by a sudden thunder, too shocked and moved to utter a single word. It didn’t occur to her that in an attempt to cheer her up, Mr Behrman had created such an amazing piece of art at the cost his own life. She decided at that moment that she would cherish and live her life to the utmost and embrace this world with kindness and gratitude.
Possible Version 2
The following day,Johnsy commanded-that the curtain be raised again. Everything outside was bathed in the warm sunshine and the remaining leaf on the wine seemed quite mesmerizing with its dreamlike bright color. “It is still there! ” exclaimed Johnsy with amazement. Noticing her surprised look, Sue confirmed, “Indeed, it didn’t fall after such a violent storm, so never should you give up the hope of recovery! ” Staring at the last leaf, Johnsy felt a gleam of hope flaring up inside her heart, clear and dazzling. Then, she didn’t lie lifeless in bed any more, but sat up and asked Sue for some food. “Never give up!” Johnsy murmured to herself with great courage and determination.
After Behrman’s funeral, Sue came to Johnsy who was sipping her soup, and said, “I have something to tell you.” Seeing a sense of sheer confusion flashing across Johnsy’s eyes, Sue started, “The leaf left on the vine doesn’t fall as it’s a fake l painted by Mr Behrman and me when the last leaf fell during the stormy night. Mr Behrman came up with this brilliant and risky idea and we carried it out together. He created his only masterpiece to give you hope at the price of his life.” Johnsy froze there, overwhelmed by tremendous shock mingled with a feeling of guilt and gratitude. What she realized was that being exposed to the storm that night worsened Behrman’s illness, which led to his death. Outside on the vine, the last leaf appeared so realistic and artistic, standing still tenaciously, like a tiny sliver light in the darkness of Johnsy’s life.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了得了肺炎的Johnsy对生命失去了希望，就等着窗外的最后一片树叶掉了之后就要死去了。但是她的朋友Sue请求画家Behrman画了一片叶子，并把它挂在外面的树上，终于Johnsy又对生活有了希望和活力，但是画家却因为疾病不幸去世了的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“第二天，Johnsy又命令把窗帘拉起来。”可知，第一段可描写那片叶子还在那里，Johnsy重新燃起生命之火。
②由第二段首句内容“Behrman的葬礼结束后，Sue走到正在喝汤的Johnsy身边说：“我有事要告诉你。””可知，第二段可描写Johnsy听到Behrman的故事深受感动，并积极去生活。
2.续写线索：看到叶子——振作——康复——了解真相——震惊——积极生活
3.词汇激活
行为类
①夺去：claim/take toll of
②.暂停：pause/break off
③.摆动：flutter/swing
情绪类
①.震惊的：shocked/stunned
②.感激：gratitude/appreciation
【点睛】[高分句型1]. MrBehrman, however, failed in the fight against the disease which claimed his life mercilessly.（运用了which引导定语从句）
[高分句型2]. She decided at that moment that she would cherish and live her life to the utmost and embrace this world with kindness and gratitude.（运用that引导的宾语从句）
听力1-5 CABCC 6-10 BCBAA 11-15 CABAB 16-20 BCBAC
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