2023届高考英语二轮复习北京高考英语语法填空专项训练作业含答案
展开语法填空
用单词的适当形式完成短文
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When asked ____1____ super power they would most like to have, many people respond that they would like to be able to become invisible. Surprising as it may sound, this power is already well within our grasp. A test shows that when a person is focusing their attention ____2____ one thing, other things happening around them do not make an impression; those other things, are, for all intents and purposes, invisible. The next time you feel like becoming invisible, just make sure to provide a complex ____3____ (distract) and carry on your business unseen.
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My name is Luke Harris and I am a sports photographer. My first day at work wasn’t easy. I had to cover a local football team and I’d heard that there wasn’t much shelter at the ground and the wind was strong. The problem was more the rain, though, ____4____ was heavy and affected all my shots. So far I ____5____ (get) used to working in many conditions, even snow. You can always get a good photo if you try. There are so many similar photos out there and imagination is what ____6____ (require) to make yours stand out.
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The Burmese snub-nosed monkey (仰鼻猴) is a ____7____ (critical)threatened species of colobine monkey. The young animals’ coloring differs markedly from that of the adults. The species first gained the attention of scientists ____8____ (research) the hoolock gibbon (白眉长臂猿) in Burma in early 2010. It wasn’t until 2012 that a camera was set up ____9____ (capture) the first images of the new species. The ____10____ (know) population of the snub-nosed monkey in Burma is about 260-330 individuals. They are currently threatened by the destruction of their forest habitats from logging (伐木作业) and development in the area.
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Since the 1970s, scientists ____11____ (search) for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain-computer interface technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines. Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic School in Lausanne, Switzerland, showed a small robotic wheelchair ____12____ (direct) by a person’s thoughts. In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided ____13____ with his thoughts.
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If you’re looking for a unique adventure, the Space and Aviation Center (SAC) is the place to be. The Center provides trainees ____14____ programs designed to challenge and inspire. More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC, with many ____15____ (seek) employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine, and a wide variety of other professions. They come to camp, wanting to know ____16____ it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, and they leave with real-world applications for what they’re studying in the classroom. With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and ____17____ (be) part of a bigger task.
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This Side of Paradise, Fitzgerald’s first novel, ____18____ (publish) in 1920. Encouraged by its success, Fitzgerald began to devote more time to his writing. Then he continued with the novel The Beautiful and Damned (1922), a collection of short stories Tales of the Jazz Age (1922). But his ____19____ (great) success of all his works was The Great Gatsby, published in 1925, ____20____ quickly brought him praise from the literary world. Then, in 1926, he published another collection of short stories All the Sad Young Men.
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If a sixth mass extinction occurs, scientists ____21____ have studied the issue believe that up to three quarters of all species on Earth could die out. Of course, as we humans depend on so many species for our survival, we would also be at risk of ____22____ (die) out. Our world and our ____23____ (life) depend on the balance in nature between animals and plants. Without forests, we would have no air to breathe, and without clean water we would be ____24____ (able) to survive.
Can a sixth extinction ____25____ (avoid)? Experts say that it is not yet too late, if we take ____26____ (act) now. This would mean we have to ____27____ (significant) change the way we live. For example, we need to take steps to save endangered species, ____28____ (include) setting up special areas ____29____ plants and animals can be protected. We need to change how we work and travel by ____30____ (use) cleaner, more natural sources of energy, such as wind and solar energy. We also need ____31____ (improve) our farming methods to reduce water, air and land ____32____ (pollute). In short, if we want to survive, we need to stop destroying the planet that we live on and start to protect it.
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Tell your friend that attending a TED (Technology, Entertainment and Design) conference can be a potentially life changing event as he will be able to listen, share, and interact with great ____33____ (think) from all over the world in a variety of fields. If he wants to experience a large event, he can send a ____34____ (write) application to attend a TED Conference. Whichever type he ____35____ (choose), he can have a full TED Talk first-hand experience and finds out what all this is about.
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AI technology can prove ____36____ (confuse). A Scottish soccer team replaced their human camera operators ____37____ AI-operated ball-tracking cameras. Now, cameras would always follow the action by automatically following the ball. Sounds great, but fans who were watching the games at home missed most of the scoring plays ____38____ the AI-operated cameras constantly mistook the referee’s bald head for the soccer ball. Scores of viewers called the team ____39____ (complain). One even suggested supplying the referee with a wig.
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My first shopping experience in China was a trip to Wanda Plaza. For the first time, I ____40____ (introduce) to Chinese brands like Lining, Anta Sports, etc. I shopped for a T-shirt, jeans, and dresses. Afterwards, I’ve had many other in-store shopping experiences. I once went to a local market, ____41____ the goods gave me a similar feeling to the stores in my home country. I could bargain on how much I wanted to pay for an outfit. Shopping in stores like this was a lot ____42____ (cheap).
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The stability of the developing livestreaming sector has made it an ideal source of jobs for those ___43___ (bear) after 1995 who have a passion for novel and newly emerging industries, experts said. A recent report by Zhaopin, an online recruitment platform, and e-commerce giant Alibaba revealed steady growth in the livestreaming sector in the third quarter of the year, with job postings ___44___ (rise) up nearly 12 percent year-on-year. The increase was around 5 percentage points ___45___ (high) on average than for other industries.
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Your personality shapes you. Personality is the characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings and behaviors that make a person unique. Understanding personality allows us ___46___ (predict)how people will respond to certain situations and what they prefer and value. For example, an outgoing person may jump for joy when facing new experiences, __47__ a shy person may feel ___48___ (embarrass)in front of a large group of people.
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Naomi Watts, one of Hollywood’s greatest ___49___ (star), was born in England on 28th September, 1968. At seven she ___50___ (begin) to follow her mother and her brother around England until in 1982 they settled in Australia ___51___ Naomi persuaded her mother to let her take acting classes. After bit parts in commercials, she landed her first role in For Love Alone. Later her part in the film Mulholland Drive showed her strong acting ability and earned much respect.
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Sixteen years ago, Jason was a college professor ___52___ a huge six-bedroom house and a fortune of two million dollars. A few years ago. he knew millions of people died of hunger every year, and there were places with no schools and no teachers. This worried him a lot and he felt guilty being a rich man without ___53___ (do)anything. Therefore, he gave away all his money to charities. “Success ___54___ (not measure)by how much money you have ___55___ by how you understand the true meaning of life.“ said Jason.
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Have you ever thought about having another finger? Researchers at University College London have developed a robotic 3D-printed “third thumb”. The thumb is worn on the side of the hand opposite the actual thumb. Volunteers wearing the third thumb could carry____56____(many) objects than usual, and hold and open a soft drink bottle____57____one hand. Also, human brains can adapt to the use of an extra thumb ____58____(easy).
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A grand ceremony ____59____ (hold) on Feb 20 in Beijing to mark the closing of the 2022 Winter Olympic Games. The ceremony at the National Stadium, also ____60____ (know) as the Bird’s Nest, began with children dancing while holding snowflake-shaped lanterns. A traditional “Chinese knot” pattern ____61____ (appear) over the stadium before athletes entered the venue. The red Chinese knot was projected digitally into the sky, marking not only the ____62____ (connect) of China with the world, but also the Olympic spirit of togetherness.
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This is a public service announcement. Audiences are reminded to turn off the phones or put them on silence. Please do not cheer or talk loudly during the time ____63____ the ball is in play or if a player is serving. Wait for the point or game to end before ____64____ (stand) up or leaving your seat. When taking photos during the match, please turn off your flash. Please do not throw ____65____ onto the court.
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Zhang Tian’s first year is almost over. What made him feel ____66____ (satisfy) was that his students achieved great progress in English learning. Besides teaching, he also brought great changes to the village, ____67____ included rebuilding the playground and setting up the library. The village is like his second home now. ____68____ he had only intended to stay for one year, he now feels ready to stay for another year.
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To solve the problem of hunger between the two main meals of the day, the Duchess came up with an idea. She invited some of her friends ____69____ (join) her for an afternoon meal. The meal ____70____ (hold) between four and five o’clock. It included cakes and ____71____ (sandwich). Tea was served ____72____ (wash) down the food.
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“Children look at screens for too long every day, and don’t exercise and sleep enough, and it’s affecting their cognitive(认知的) ability”, researchers have said ____73____ a new report. Researchers ____74____(study) how many children are following recommended screen time, exercise, and sleep guidelines. ____75____(publish) on Wednesday in The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, the study showed that most U.S. children aren’t meeting the recommendations and it could be affecting their cognition.
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My father always tells me not to gossip(八卦) about others behind their backs. When in middle school, I once ____76____ (compete) with another classmate, Amy, for the monitor. To gain an advantage, I invited some classmates to my home and gossiped a lot about Amy. ____77____ (hear) what I said, my father told me, “When your forefinger ____78____ (point) at others’ back, you have other three fingers pointing at ____79____ (you) and fighting back with triple power.”
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When I was a little boy, I ____80____(convince) I wasn’t “smart”. However, Ms. Jambard totally changed me. Ms. Jambard, ____81____ taught me in the fifth grade, took an instant liking to me. Of all the subjects in school, reading was my favorite. She would tell me, “Terry, you keep reading. If you can understand what you’re reading, you’ll be ____82____(smart) than most kids.” I did as she told me to. Soon I couldn’t find enough to read, and I started to ____83____(true) like school. Because of Ms. Jambard’s confidence in me, I went on to have a successful career in engineering and law.
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The scientists already knew that keeping cubs(幼兽) safe, healthy, and fed is a full-time job for a female tiger. But they weren’t exactly sure how mother tigers did it. By ____84____(combine) modern technology and traditional tracking, scientists could get a unique look at how Varvara, a momma tiger, managed to get it all ____85____(do). With only an estimated 600 Siberian tigers left in the wild, scientists hope that the more they learn about ____86____ tiger families need, the better humans we’ll be able to keep them safe.
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A warning system ___87___ (prevent) drivers from falling asleep was introduced at the 2020 China International Fair for Trade in Services, which was held from September 4 to 9 in Beijing. The system can judge ___88___ the driver is sleepy by monitoring how long the driver’s eyes close. If the driver is tired, the system will sound an alarm ___89___ the driver’s eyes reopen. In the future, other dangerous driving ___90___ (behave), such as not wearing a seat belt and making phone calls while driving, might also be added into this warning system.
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A London Marathon runner saw a competitor who needed help. The competitor had fallen to the ground, so he picked him up. When he ___91___ (fall) down again, he decided to support him to the finish line 200 metres away. Matthew, the runner who ___92___ (selfless) helped his competitor, became famous on the Internet. The two runners became friends and ___93___ (meet) at next year’s London Marathon, hopefully.
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Do you have a mentor(导师) helping you make decisions in your life? If you do, then you are a very lucky person. But if not, then read Tuesdays with Morrie. ____94____ book tells the true story of the author, Mitch Albom, and his dying former professor. ____95____you read this book, you will learn some very meaningful lessons from a professor dying from Lou Gehrig’s disease. When Mitch visits Morrie every Tuesday, the 78-year-old professor shares words of ____96____(wise) about love, life, values, and openness with his former student. ____97____(deliver) many powerful lessons about life, this book should be high on everyone’s reading list.
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Analysis finds Earth’s magnetic (有磁性的) field was in place by at least 3.7 billion years ago, as early life arose. Scientists think that having a magnetic field ____98____(make) Earth more friendly to life. The field, ____99____is generated by liquid iron moving about in the planet’s core, prevents Earth ____100____ being attacked by the energetic particles (粒子) flowing from the Sun. It helps the planet hold on to its atmosphere and maintain liquid water on its surface.
参考答案:
1.what
2.on
3.distraction
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是一项测试表明,当一个人把注意力集中在一件事情上时,周围发生的其他事情不会给他留下印象;其他的东西,无论从哪个角度看,都是看不见的。
1.考查宾语从句。句意:当被问及最想拥有什么超能力时,许多人回答说,他们希望能够隐形。空格处引导的是宾语从句,根据语境可知,句子表示“当被问及最想拥有什么超能力时,许多人回答说,他们希望能够隐形”,空格处意为“什么”,用what引导宾语从句,在从句中作定语,故填what。
2.考查介词。句意:一项测试表明,当一个人把注意力集中在一件事情上时,周围发生的其他事情不会给他留下印象。focus one’s attention on sth.是固定短语,意为“把注意力集中在某物上”,因此空格处用介词on,故填on。
3.考查名词。句意:下次你想隐形的时候,只要确保提供一个复杂的使人分心的事物,在不被发现的情况下继续你的工作。complex是形容词,修饰名词,distract的名词是distraction,意为“使人分心的事物”,空前有a,空格处用单数,故填distraction。
4.which
5.have got
6.is required
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者作为一名体育摄影师开始工作的经历。
4.考查定语从句。句意:不过,问题更多的是雨,雨很大,影响了我所有的拍摄。分析可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为the rain,关系代词which引导从句,在从句中作主语,指代事物。故填which。
5.考查时态。句意:到目前为止,我已经习惯了在各种条件下工作,甚至是在下雪的情况下。根据时间状语So far可知,此处应用现在完成时,表示过去的动作或状态一直持续到现在。主谓一致,故填have got。
6.考查时态和语态。句意:在那里有很多类似的照片,要让你的照片脱颖而出,需要的是想象力。动词require和引导表语从句的连接代词what(主语)之间是被动关系,根据上文is和句意可知,此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是单数,故填is required。
7.critically
8.researching
9.to capture
10.known
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了缅甸仰鼻猴和科学家对它们的研究以及它们受到威胁的原因。
7.考查副词。句意:缅甸仰鼻猴是一种严重濒危的猕猴。空格处应该填入critical的副词形式critically修饰形容词threatened。故填critically。
8.考查现在分词。句意:2010年初,在缅甸研究长臂猿的科学家们首次注意到了这个物种。空格处应该填入research的非谓语形式作定语,修饰前的scientists,因为scientists和research之间是主动关系,所以应该用现在分词作定语。故填researching。
9.考查不定式。句意:直到2012年,人们才安装了一台相机,捕捉这种新物种的第一张图像。根据句意,空格处应该填入capture的不定式形式to capture作目的状语。故填to capture。
10.考查形容词。句意:缅甸已知的仰鼻猴数量约为260-330只。空格处应该填入形容词known(已知的)作定语,修饰后面的名词population。故填known。
11.have been searching
12.directed
13.it
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们一直致力于寻找将大脑与计算机联系起来的方法,这种脑机接口技术可以帮助残疾人向机器发送命令。最近,有两名研究人员向公众展示了使用这种技术的新型轮椅机器人。
11.考查动词的时态。句意:自20世纪70年代以来,科学家们一直在寻找将大脑与计算机联系起来的方法。分析句子结构可知,空格前有时间状语“Since+过去的时间点”,由后文可知“寻找大脑与计算机联系起来的方法”这一动作持续到了现在,而且还在不断发展,表示一个动作从过去某一时间开始并持续到了现在,而且还会继续持续下去,空格处的动词应用现在完成进行时。故填have been searching。
12.考查非谓语动词。句意:最近,来自瑞士洛桑联邦理工学院的两名研究人员何塞·米伦和米歇尔·塔维拉展示了一种由人的意念引导的小型机器人轮椅。分析句子结构可知,该句的谓语是showed,所以空格处应填一个非谓语动词;空格处动词direct与其逻辑主语a small robotic wheelchair之间是被动关系,故空格处动词应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填directed。
13.考查代词。句意:他甚至可以在一边看着车,一边用自己的意念引导它的时候说话。分析句子结构和句意可知,此空格指代前面提到的the vehicle,应用代词it做形式宾语。故填it。
14.with
15.seeking
16.what
17.being
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宇航中心(SAC)培训项目的相关信息。
14.考查固定搭配。句意:该中心为学员提供旨在挑战和激励的课程。provide sb. with sth.固定搭配,意为“提供给某人某物”,故填with。
15.考查非谓语动词。句意:超过750000人从SAC毕业,其中许多人在工程、航空、教育、医学和其他各种各样的专业领域寻找工作。此处是with复合结构,即with+宾语+宾语补足语,宾语many(许多人)和动词seek是主动关系,应用现在分词seeking作宾语补足语,故填seeking。
16.考查宾语从句。句意:他们来到营地,想知道成为一名宇航员或飞行员是什么感觉,然后他们带着他们在课堂上学习的实际应用程序离开。“_______it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot”是宾语从句,从句缺少介词like后面的宾语,表示“……的样子”,应用what来引导,故填what。
17.考查非谓语动词。句意:在所有的项目中,团队合作是关键,因为学员们学到了领导力的重要性,并且学到了成为更大任务一部分的重要性。分析句子结构可知,“________part of a bigger task”和leadership共同作介词of的宾语,所以此处应用动名词being,故填being。
18.was published
19.greatest
20.which
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了菲茨杰拉德不同时期的作品。
18.考查时态和语态。句意:《人间天堂》是菲茨杰拉德的第一部小说,于1920年出版。分析句子结构,空处作谓语动词,根据时间状语in 1920可知,句子应用一般过去时,且publish与主语This Side of Paradise之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是单数,be动词应用was。故填was published。
19.考查形容词。句意:但他所有作品中最大的成功是1925年出版的《了不起的盖茨比》,这部作品很快为他赢得了文学界的赞誉。结合语意,此处表示他所有作品中最大的成功,空处应用形容词的最高级形式greatest,表示“最伟大的”,作定语修饰名词success。故填greatest。
20.考查定语从句。句意:但他所有作品中最大的成功是1925年出版的《了不起的盖茨比》,这部作品很快为他赢得了文学界的赞誉。分析句子结构,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词The Great Gatsby,先行词指物,关系词在从句中作主语,应用which引导从句。故填which。
21.who##that
22.dying
23.lives
24.unable
25.be avoided
26.action
27.significantly
28.including
29.where
30.using
31.to improve
32.pollution
【导语】这是一篇说明文,文章主要讨论是否会有第六次大灭绝,最后指出如果人类想要生存,就需要停止破坏我们生活的星球并开始保护它。
21.考查定语从句。句意:如果第六次物种大灭绝发生,研究这一问题的科学家认为,地球上多达四分之三的物种可能会灭绝。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是scientists,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。
22.考查动名词。句意:当然,由于我们人类的生存依赖如此多的物种,我们也有灭绝的风险。此处应用动名词形式作介词of的宾语,故填dying。
23.考查名词复数。句意:我们的世界和我们的生命依赖于自然界动物和植物之间的平衡。life生命,可数名词,由our可知此处应用复数形式。故填lives。
24.考查形容词。句意:没有森林,我们就没有空气呼吸,没有干净的水,我们就无法生存。根据“without clean water”可知此处指“无法生存”,unable不能的,形容词,在句中作表语,故填unable。
25.考查被动语态。句意:第六次灭绝可以避免吗?主语extinction和动词avoid之间是被动关系,所以此处用被动语态,情态动词Can后接动词原形。故填be avoided。
26.考查名词。句意:专家说,如果我们现在采取行动还为时不晚。空处应填名词作宾语,action行动,不可数名词。故填action。
27.考查副词。句意:这意味着我们必须极大地改变生活方式。空处应填副词形式,修饰动词change,故填significantly。
28.考查介词。句意:例如,采取措施拯救濒临灭绝的物种,包括建立动植物的特殊保护区。分析句子可知,此处用介词including,意为“包括”。故填including。
29.考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是areas,关系词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where。故填where。
30.考查动名词。句意:我们需要改变我们的工作和旅行方式,使用更清洁、更自然的能源,如风能和太阳能。此处应用动名词形式作介词by的宾语。故填using。
31.考查动词不定式。句意:我们还需要改进我们的耕作方法,以减少水、空气和土地污染。need to do sth需要做某事,故此处用动词不定式。故填to improve。
32.考查名词。句意同上。此处和名词water以及air并列,应用名词形式,pollution污染,不可数名词。故填pollution。
33.thinkers
34.written
35.chooses
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了TED的相关内容以及参加TED的好处。
33.考查名词。句意:告诉你的朋友,参加TED大会可能会改变他的生活,因为他将能够倾听,分享,并与来自世界各地不同领域的伟大思想家互动。分析句子,设空处应该填写think的名词thinker作宾语。此处意为“思想家”,同时表示复数意义。故填thinkers。
34.考查形容词。句意:如果他想体验大型活动,他可以发送一份参加TED会议的书面申请。使用形容词written (书面的)作定语,修饰名词application。故填written。
35.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:无论他选择哪种类型,他都可以有一个完整的TED演讲的第一手体验,并了解这一切是关于什么的。分析句子,设空处应该使用动词作从句谓语。此处表示客观事实,故使用一般现在时。choose为动词,意为“选择”,其主语为he,故使用第三人称单数。故填chooses。
36.confusing
37.with
38.because##as
39.to complain
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是人工智能技术可能会令人困惑。
36.考查形容词。句意:人工智能技术可能令人困惑。prove是系动词,后跟形容词作表语,主语AI technology是物,因此用ing结尾的形容词confusing修饰,意为“令人困惑的”,故填confusing。
37.考查介词。句意:一支苏格兰足球队用人工智能跟踪摄像机取代了他们的人类摄像师。replace...with...是固定短语,意为“用某物代替某物”,因此空格处是介词with,故填with。
38.考查连词。句意:听起来不错,但在家观看比赛的球迷错过了大部分进球比赛,因为人工智能操作的摄像机总是把裁判的光头误认为足球。根据语境可知,句子表示“在家观看比赛的球迷错过了大部分进球比赛,因为人工智能操作的摄像机总是把裁判的光头误认为足球”,空格处意为“因为”,用because/as引导原因状语从句,故填because/as。
39.考查不定式。句意:许多观众给摄制组打电话投诉。根据语境可知,句子表示“许多观众给摄制组打电话投诉”,空格处用不定式表目的,故填to complain。
40.was introduced
41.where
42.cheaper
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者曾经在中国购物的经历。
40.考查时态语态。句意:我第一次被介绍到中国品牌,如李宁、安踏等。分析句子可知,空格处应填入谓语动词。根据上文“My first shopping experience in China was a trip to Wanda Plaza.(我在中国的第一次购物经历是去万达广场。)”可知,此次描述过去的经历,应用一般过去时。主语I与动词introduce是被动关系,故用被动语态。主语是I,故填was introduced。
41.考查定语从句。句意:我曾经去过一个当地市场,那里的商品给我的感觉与我家乡的商店相似。分析句子可知,空格处应填入定语从句的引导词,先行词是a local market,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where。故填where。
42.考查形容词比较级。句意:在这样的商店购物要便宜得多。根据上文的“bargain(讨价还价)”以及空格前的“a lot”可知,此处应用比较级形式。故填cheaper。
43.born
44.rising
45.higher
【导语】这是一篇说明文。近年来新兴直播行业发展迅速,成为95后就业的理想来源。
43.考查过去分词。句意:专家表示,发展中的直播行业的稳定性使其成为95后就业的理想来源,这些人对新奇和新兴行业充满热情。动词bear意为“生育”,和谓语之间没有连词,和逻辑主语those构成被动关系,且动作已完成,所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填born。
44.考查现在分词。句意:在线招聘平台智联招聘和电商巨头阿里巴巴最近发布的一份报告显示,今年第三季度直播行业增长稳定,招聘岗位同比增长近12%。在with独立主格结构中,动词rise意为“上升”,和逻辑主语job postings构成主动关系,所以应用现在分词形式。故填rising。
45.考查比较级。句意:这一增幅比其他行业平均高出约5个百分点。根据“than for other industries”可知,此处应用比较级。故填higher。
46.to predict
47.while
48.embarrassed
【导语】这是一篇说明文,主要讲述了什么是人格以及理解人格的作用。
46.考查不定式和动词短语。句意:理解人格可以让我们预测人们对待特定情况的反应,以及他们的喜好和价值。allow sb to do sth是固定短语,意为“允许某人做某事”,故填to predict。
47.考查并列连词。句意:例如,一个人在面对新的经历时可能会高兴地跳起来,而一个害羞的人可能会在一大群人面前感到尴尬。前后分句表达对比含义,故填while。
48.考查形容词。句意:例如,一个人在面对新的经历时可能会高兴地跳起来,而一个害羞的人可能会在一大群人面前感到尴尬。feel后面接形容词作表语,修饰人用ed形容词,故填embarrassed。
49.stars
50.began
51.where
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了好莱坞明星娜奥米·沃茨的成长经历。
49.考查名词。句意:娜奥米·沃茨,好莱坞最伟大的明星之一,1968年9月28日出生于英国。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定短语“one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”,意为“最……的……之一”,“star”意为“明星”,为可数名词,复数形式为“stars”。故填stars。
50.考查时态。句意:七岁时,她开始跟随母亲和哥哥在英国各地旅行,直到1982年他们在澳大利亚定居,娜奥米说服母亲让她上表演课。根据句意和句中“At seven”可知,句中陈述的是娜奥米七岁时的事,应用一般过去时,“begin”意为“开始”,动词词性,过去式为“began”。故填began。
51.考查定语从句。句意:七岁时,她开始跟随母亲和哥哥在英国各地旅行,直到1982年他们在澳大利亚定居,娜奥米说服母亲让她上表演课。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“Australia”,在从句中作地点状语,故应用关系副词“where”引导从句。故填where。
52.with
53.doing
54.is not measured
55.but
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。Jason以前是一个很有钱的大学教授,后来知道每年都有很多人饿死,还有一些地方没有学校和老师后,就把所有的钱都捐给慈善机构了。他认为成功不是用你有多有钱衡量,而是你对生命真谛的理解来衡量。
52.考查介词。句意:16年前,杰森是一名大学教授,拥有一栋六居室大房子和200万美元的财产。根据句意可知,此处表示“拥有一栋六居室大房子和200万美元的财产”,整个短语表伴随,应用介词with。故填with。
53.考查非谓语动词。句意:这使他很担心,他感到内疚,身为富人却什么都不做。分析句子可知,设空处位于介词without后,作宾语,应用动名词doing形式。故填doing。
54.考查动词时态语态。句意:“成功不是用你有多少钱来衡量的,而是用你对生活真谛的理解来衡量的。”杰森说。分析句子可知,设空处在句中作谓语,其主语为success,与measure之间为被动关系,表示“被衡量”,应用被动语态;结合句意可知,此处是在陈述客观真理,用一般现在时的被动语态,主语success为不可数名词,故谓语动词用单数形式。故填is not measured。
55.考查并列连词。句意:“成功不是用你有多少钱来衡量的,而是用你对生活真谛的理解来衡量的。”杰森说。分析句子可知,设空处前后均为by + how引导的宾语从句,前后之间结构一致,故需填一个并列连词;结合句意可知,此处表示“成功不是用你有多少钱来衡量,而是用你对生命真谛的理解来衡量”,not...but...为固定搭配,意为“不是……而是……”。故填but。
56.more
57.with
58.easily
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是伦敦大学学院的研究人员开发了3D打印的第三根拇指。
56.考查比较级。句意:戴第三根拇指的志愿者可以比平时拿更多的东西,用一只手拿着并打开一个饮料瓶。由than可知,空格处用比较级more,故填more。
57.考查介词。句意:戴第三根拇指的志愿者可以比平时拿更多的东西,用一只手拿着并打开一个饮料瓶。根据语境可知,句子表示“戴第三根拇指的志愿者可以比平时拿更多的东西,用一只手拿着并打开一个饮料瓶”,空格处意为“用”,用介词with,故填with。
58.考查副词。句意:此外,人类的大脑可以很容易地适应多一个拇指的使用。空格处用副词easily修饰动词短语adapt to,故填easily。
59.was held
60.known
61.had appeared
62.connection
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述2月20日在北京举行的2022年冬季奥运会闭幕式。
59.考查时态,语态和主谓一致。句意:2月20日,一场盛大的仪式在北京举行,标志着2022年冬奥会的闭幕。由句子分析可知,此空应填谓语,主语A grand ceremony为第三人称单数,与谓语hold为逻辑动宾关系,且由on Feb 20 可知,时态应用一般过去时,因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态was held。故填was held。
60.考查非谓语动词。句意:开幕式在国家体育场(又称鸟巢)举行,一开始,孩子们举着雪花形状的灯笼跳舞。由句子分析可知,句中谓语是began,空格处应填非谓语,且the National Stadium和know之间为逻辑动宾关系,所以应用过去分词表被动,故填known。
61.考查时态。句意:在运动员进入场馆之前,一个传统的“中国结”图案出现在了体育场上空。由句子分析可知,此空应填谓语,主语A traditional “Chinese knot” pattern和谓语appear为主动关系,且动作发生在 entered前,所以应用过去完成时,表示过去的过去的动作。故填had appeared。
62.考查名词。句意:红色的中国结被投影到天空中,不仅标志着中国与世界的联系,也标志着奥林匹克的团结精神。空格处用名词作宾语,connect的名词是connection,意为“联系”,由China with the world可知,空格处用单数,故填connection。
63.when
64.standing
65.anything
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章是一段关于看比赛的注意事项的通知。
63.考查状语从句。句意:在比赛中或球员发球时,请不要大声欢呼或说话。引导时间状语从句,表示“当……时候”应用when。故填when。
64.考查非谓语动词。句意:等比赛结束后再站起来或离开座位。根据后文or leaving your seat可知应填动名词,作宾语。故填standing。
65.考查不定代词。句意:请不要往球场上扔任何东西。作宾语,表示“任何东西”应用不定代词anything。故填anything。
66.satisfied
67.which
68.Although##Though##While
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了张天在乡村支教的事情。
66.考查形容词。句意:令他感到满意的是,他的学生在英语学习上取得了很大的进步。分析句子结构可知,空处需用形容词作系动词feel的表语,修饰人,所以此处需用-ed形容词satisfied。故填satisfied。
67.考查定语从句。句意:除了教学,他还给村子带来了巨大的变化,包括重建操场和建立图书馆。分析句子结构可知,空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是changes,指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
68.考查让步状语从句。句意:虽然他原本只打算待一年,但现在他觉得准备再待一年。结合空前后句意可知,空处需用although/though/while (虽然,尽管),引导让步状语从句,句首单词首字母需大写。故填Although/Though/While。
69.to join
70.was held
71.sandwiches
72.to wash
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了下午茶的由来。
69.考查不定式。句意:她邀请她的一些朋友和她一起在下午吃顿饭。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处考查短语invite sb. to do sth.,表示“邀请某人做某事”,设空处故填不定式作宾补,故填to join。
70.考查时态及语态。句意:这顿饭在四点到五点之间举行。根据句意可知,本文描述过去发生的事,时态用一般过去时。根据句子结构可知,主语The meal与hold是动宾关系,故用被动语态。结合时态,故用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。主语The meal是单数,故填was held。
71.考查名词的数。句意:包含蛋糕和三明治。根据句意及句子结构可知,and是并列连词,故设空处与cakes保持一致,故填可数名词复数,故填sandwiches。
72.考查不定式。句意:茶被端上来,用来咽食物。根据句意和句子结构可知,此处用不定式表目的。故填to wash。
73.in
74.studied
75.Published
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一份最新的研究报告,报告表明儿童每天看屏幕的时间过长,会影响他们的认知能力。
73.考查介词。句意:研究人员在一份新报告中称:“孩子们每天看屏幕的时间过长,缺乏锻炼和充足睡眠,这影响了他们的认知能力。”结合句意可知,前文是研究报告里的内容,即在这份报告里,介词in表示“在……里”,符合文意。故填in。
74.考查动词时态。句意:研究人员研究了有多少儿童遵守了屏幕时间、锻炼和睡眠指南的建议。空处为主句谓语动词,结合句意可知,这里只是在陈述一件发生在过去的事情,用一般现在时即可。故填studied。
75.考查非谓语动词。句意:杂志上的这项研究表明,大多数美国儿童没有达到推荐标准,这可能会影响他们的认知能力。主语the study和提示词publish为动宾关系,表示“研究被发表”,故需要填过去分词表被动;位于句首需要大写字母“P”。故填Published。
76.competed
77.Hearing##Having heard
78.points##is pointing
79.yourself
【导语】这是一篇记叙文,文章讲述了作者父亲教导自己不要在背后八卦别人。
76.考查时态。句意:在中学的时候,我曾经和另一个同学Amy竞争班长一职。空处为谓语动词,根据“When in middle school”可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填competed。
77.考查非谓语动词。句意:听了我的话,父亲告诉我:“当你用食指指着别人的时候,你就用另外三个手指指着自己,而且三倍的力量回击。”分析句子可知,hear与其逻辑主语my father之间是主动关系,结合句意,hear所表示的动作可以理解为与“my father told me”同时发生,用现在分词的一般式hearing作状语,也可以理解为发生在“my father told me”之前,用现在分词的完成式having heard作状语,句首单词首字母应大写。故填Hearing/Having heard。
78.考查时态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知,point是时间状语从句中的谓语动词,与主语your forefinger之间是主动关系,结合句意,此处可以理解为普遍现象,用一般现在时,也可以理解为强调正在发生,用现在进行时,主语your forefinger是名词单数,谓语动词也用单数形式。故填points/is pointing。
79.考查反身代词。句意同上。根据句意可知,此处表示“你用你的另外三个手指指着自己”,宾语与主语是同一指代对象,且此处表示“你自己”,应用反身代词yourself作宾语。故填yourself。
80.was convinced
81.who
82.smarter
83.truly
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小被人说“不聪明”,长大后因为一位老师而改变了对自己的看法,从此有了自信,并在机械工程和法学上获得成功的故事。
80.考查动词的语态。句意:当我还是个孩子的时候,我坚信我不“聪明”。分析句子成分可知,主语I和谓语动词convince表示“说服”为动宾关系,意为“我被说服”,故需要用被动语态;由从句中was可知,主句也需要用一般过去时态进行对应。故填was convinced。
81.考查定语从句。句意:Jambard老师是我五年级的老师,她立刻喜欢上了我。分析句子成分可知,____2____ taught me in the fifth grade为非限制性定语从句,前文由逗号隔开,先行词为Ms. Jambard,表人,故需要填关系代词who在从句中作主语。故填who。
82.考查形容词的比较级。句意:如果你能理解你所读的东西,你就会比大多数孩子都要聪明。根据空后的than可知,空处需要填形容词的比较级;提示词smart意为“聪明的”,其比较级形式为smarter。故填smarter。
83.考查副词。句意:很快,我就找不到足够的书来读了,并且我开始真正喜欢上学。分析句子可知,空处用于修饰后文动词like,故需要填副词;提示词true为形容词,表示“真的”,其副词形式为truly,符合句意。故填truly。
84.combinig
85.done
86.what
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是科学家们为保护野生西伯利亚虎所作出的努力。
84.考查非谓语动词。句意:通过结合现代技术和传统跟踪,科学家们可以以独特的方式观察Varvara,一只虎妈妈,是如何完成这一切的。设空处在句中作非谓语,空前为介词by,设空处应用动名词作宾语。故填combining。
85.考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作非谓语,和逻辑主语all之间是逻辑的被动关系,应用动词的过去分词作宾语补足语。故填done。
86.考查连词。句意:据估计,野生西伯利亚虎只剩下600只,科学家们希望他们对老虎家族的需求了解得越多,人类就能更好地保护它们的安全。设空处引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语,指物,应用连接代词what。故填what。
87.to prevent
88.whether
89.until
90.behaviours##behaviors
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。2020中国国际服务贸易交易会于9月4日至9日在北京举行,会上推出了防止司机睡着的预警系统。文章介绍了这一系统的工作方式。
87.考查非谓语动词。句意:2020中国国际服务贸易交易会于9月4日至9日在北京举行,会上推出了防止司机睡着的预警系统。此处修饰system用不定式作后置定语。故填to prevent。
88.考查宾语从句。句意:该系统可以通过监测司机眼睛闭上的时间来判断司机是否困了。引导宾语从句,从句不缺少成分,表示“是否”应用whether。故填whether。
89.考查状语从句。句意:如果司机累了,系统会发出警报,直到司机的眼睛重新睁开。引导时间状语从句,表示“直到”应用until。故填until。
90.考查名词。句意:在未来,其他危险的驾驶行为,如不系安全带和开车时打电话,可能也会加入到这个警告系统中。作主语,且由other修饰应用复数名词behaviours或behaviors。故填behaviours/behaviors。
91.fell
92.selflessly
93.will meet
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道,主要讲的是马拉松选手马修在比赛中帮助竞争对手,并和对手成为了好朋友。
91.考查时态。句意:当他再次跌倒时,他决定扶着他到200米外的终点线。空处在时间状语从句中作谓语,结合主句中decided可知,此处的时态为一般过去时,故填fell。
92.考查副词。句意:马修,那个无私地帮助他的竞争对手的赛跑者,在互联网上出名了。空格处用副词修饰动词helped,selfless的副词是selflessly,意为“无私地”,故填selflessly。
93.考查时态。句意:这两位选手成为了朋友,并有望在明年的伦敦马拉松比赛上相遇。由next year’s可知,句子用一般将来时,因此空格处是will meet,故填will meet。
94.The
95.As##When##Once##If##After
96.wisdom
97.Delivering
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要推荐读者读《相约星期二》这本书。
94.考查冠词。句意:这本书讲述了作者米奇·阿尔博姆和他即将去世的前教授之间的真实故事。特指Tuesdays with Morrie这本书,所以用定冠词the。故填The。
95.考查连词。句意:当你读这本书的时候,你会从一位死于卢伽雷氏症的教授身上学到一些非常有意义的教训。根据空格后的句意和语境可知,此处可以用连词as“当……时”或when“当……时”或once“一旦”或if“如果”或after“在……之后”,引导时间状语从句或条件状语从句。故填As/When/Once/If/After。
96.考查名词。句意:当米奇每周二拜访莫瑞时,这位78岁的教授会与他的前学生分享关于爱、生命、价值观和开放的智慧之言。介词of后接名词形式,且为抽象名词,故填wisdom。
97.考查非谓语动词。句意:这本书提供了许多关于生活的强有力的教训,应该在每个人的阅读清单上名列前茅。分析句子可知,该句的谓语动词是be,所以此处应用非谓语动词;动词deliver与this book之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式,作原因状语,故填Delivering。
98.makes
99.which
100.from
【导语】这是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了地球的磁场。
98.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:科学家们认为磁场使地球对生命更友好。空处是that引导的宾语从句的谓语部分,此处是描述一个事实,应用一般现在时,从句主语having a magnetic field为动名词短语,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故填makes。
99.考查定语从句。句意:这个磁场是由在地核中流动的液态铁产生的,它可以防止地球受到来自太阳的高能粒子的攻击。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是The field,关系词在从句中作主语,应用which引导。故填which。
100.考查介词。句意同上。prevent…from doing sth为固定搭配,意为“阻止……做某事”,故填from。
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