2022-2023学年江苏省前黄高级中学高二上学期第一次学情检测英语试题 （解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省前黄高级中学高二上学期第一次学情检测英语试题 （解析版），共24页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

省前中2024届高二第一学期第一次学情检测 英语试卷
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who is probably at college?
A. Liza. B. Peter. C. Grace.
2. How does the man feel now?
A. Cheerful. B. Unhappy. C. Afraid.
3. What does the woman want to learn next year?
A. Math. B. Science. C. Law.
4. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Professor and student. B. Boss and secretary. C. Manager and applicant.
5. What is the weather like in the man’s hometown?
A. Warm. B. Comfortable. C. Wet.
第二节　(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第六段材料，回答第6-7题。
6. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At an airport. B. At home. C. At a restaurant.
7. What is the man dissatisfied with about the flight?
A. The service. B. The movie. C. The food.
听第七段材料，回答第8-9题。
8. When will Sophie go to Florida?
A. On June 30th. B. On June 28th. C. On June 26th.
9. What is Sophie going to do in Orlando?
A. Visit theme parks. B. Go to a nature reserve. C. Go camping.
听第八段材料，回答第10-12题。
10. What is the woman’s favorite subject?
A. Spanish. B. Art. C. History.
11. What is the woman planning to do straight after leaving school?
A. Work as a journalist. B. Start university. C. Go traveling.
12. How does the woman feel about her future career?
A. Hesitant. B. Certain. C. Hopeless.
听第九段材料，回答第13-16题。
13. How many hours does Tom work every Saturday?
A. Five. B. Six. C. Nine.
14. What does Tom basically do?
A. He offers advice to customers.
B. He buys products for customers.
C. He takes the money from customers.
15. What is the most difficult for Tom?
A. To work long hours.
B. To talk all the time.
C. To know about all the products.
16. What does Tom like most about his job?
A. Meeting different people.
B. Using the latest computers.
C. Getting close to new technology.
听第十段材料，回答第17-20题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. A measure to deal with being overweight.
B. A school to offer cooking lessons.
C. A way to set up cooking clubs.
18. What do we know about the cooking lessons?
A. They will be given in primary schools.
B. They will be provided one hour a week.
C. They will last for the whole school year.
19. Why are schools setting up “Let’s Get Cooking” clubs?
A. To teach children to cook healthy food.
B. To train more cookery teachers for schools.
C. To help students remember simple recipes.
20. What does the government promise to do?
A. Buy the equipment. B. Build new kitchens. C. Help poor students.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
My favourite Books
—Posted by Catherine Chung.a great writer
Stories of Your Life and Others by Ted Chiang
This collection contains several maths stories. The one I recommend is Division By Zero,about Jane Parkinson,a brilliant German mathematician.To her great despair,she ends up proving that mathematics is inconsistent and is able to prove that any two numbers are equal.A beautiful,thought-provoking(发人深省的)story about belief,understanding，and faith.
The Housekeeper and the Professor by Yoko Ogawa
It's about a woman who comes to work for a once-great mathematician.Due to a brain injury,he has only 80 minutes of short-term memory available to him before he forgets everything. It is filled with beautiful maths,simply and clearly described alongside finely drawn relationships between the characters.
Too Much Happiness by Alice Munro
Kovalevskaya was a 19th-century mathematician at a time when women were not allowed in most of Europe to attend university. She married a man who promised to take her to Germany to study. She made major contributions to the field and became the first woman in Russia to obtain a doctorate in mathematics.
The Ore Miner's Wife by Karl Iagnemma
It is about a miner who thinks he's discovered the proof to the problem: construct a square,equal in area to a given circle. His wife, not knowing what has suddenly taken his attention and his time, fears he is being unfaithful. A moving exploration of the joys of entering a problem whole and the desire and impossibility of truly knowing those we love.
1. What does"I"refer to in Paragraph 1?
A. Catherine Chung. B. Ted Chiang.
C. Jane Parkinson. D. Yoko Ogawa.
2. Which book is about a pioneering Russian woman mathematician?
A. Stories of Your Life and Others. B. The Housekeeper and the Professor.
C. Too Much Happiness. D. The Ore Miner's Wife.
3. What do the listed books have in common?
A. They tell love stories. B. They involve mathematics.
C. They explore human relationship. D. They reveal people's inner world.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章以My favourite Books为题，介绍了作家Catherine Chung最喜欢的书籍。
【1题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章标题“My favourite Books—Posted by Catherine Chung.a great writer(我最喜欢的书由——Chung发布。一个伟大的作家)”可知，本文是以作家Catherine Chung为第一视角的记叙文，介绍她喜欢的书，由此可推知文中的第一人称I，指的是Catherine Chung，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Too Much Happiness by Alice Munro段落内容“Kovalevskaya was a 19th-century mathematician at a time when women were not allowed in most of Europe to attend university. She married a man who promised to take her to Germany to study. She made major contributions to the field and became the first woman in Russia to obtain a doctorate in mathematics.(科瓦列夫斯卡娅是一名19世纪的数学家，当时欧洲大部分国家都不允许女性上大学。她嫁给了一个答应带她去德国学习的人。她在这一领域做出了重大贡献，成为俄罗斯第一位获得数学博士学位的女性。)”可知，Too Much Happiness 这本书是关于俄罗斯女数学家的先驱科瓦列夫斯卡娅的，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Stories of Your Life and Others by Ted Chiang段落内容中的“This collection contains several maths stories.(这本合集里有几个数学故事。)”；The Housekeeper and the Professor by Yoko Ogawa段落内容中的“It's about a woman who comes to work for a once-great mathematician.(故事讲的是一个女人为一位曾经伟大的数学家工作。)”；Too Much Happiness by Alice Munro段落内容中的“Kovalevskaya was a 19th-century mathematician(科瓦列夫斯卡娅是一名19世纪的数学家)”以及The Ore Miner's Wife by Karl Iagnemma段落内容中的“It is about a miner who thinks he's discovered the proof to the problem: construct a square,equal in area to a given circle. (它是关于一个矿工的，他认为自己发现了问题的证明:构造一个正方形，面积等于一个给定的圆。)”可知，列出的书籍具有的共同点是它们都包括数学。故选B。
B
Figure skating, speed skating, and ice hockey can all trace their beginnings to early civilizations that fastened animal bones to their feet to skate on ice, according to A Dictionary of British History. Bone runners found in Switzerland date as far back as 3000 B.C. and there is also evidence of ice skating in Scandinavia in the Middle Ages.
Modern skating likely got its start in the Netherlands, where it was considered a national recreation in the early 17th century, when nobles skated on frozen canals for fun. Wealthy Europeans picked up the sport while visiting the Netherlands, and British royals soon brought skating back to England in the late 1600s. When the Thames froze over in 1683, skating was among the many recreations at London’s famous winter fair on the ice, which King Charles II attended.
At the end of the 18th century, American ballet dancer Jackson Haines transformed the sport into what is now known as figure skating by introducing elements of ballet to the ice. According to the Dictionary of American History, Haines skated in bear and ballet costumes and toured with exhibitions across Europe, where he was most admired in Vienna, Austria.
Ice skating evolved into other sports, including speed skating and ice hockey. Speed skating has been around as early as Dutch people dared to race on their skates, but hockey developed in 19th century Canada as an icy version of field hockey. Both were well-established by the 1900s, so they were on the list in the first Winter Olympics.
Since the 1900s, different ice skating clubs have been founded around the Western world. As interest grew, the clubs’ membership increased over the next 50 years. By the end of 20thcentury, ice skating was so widespread that it was one of the few recreations enjoyed by almost every westerner.
4. Which of the following is the oldest sport according to the text?
A. Ice hockey. B. Speed skating. C. Bone running. D. Figure skating.
5. Who contributed most to the figure skating?
A. British royals. B. Jackson Haines. C. Dutch people. D. King Charles II.
6. In what order did the author write the passage?
A. In order of importance. B. In order of place.
C. In order of time. D. In order of frequency.
7. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. How ice skating came into spotlight.
B. How ice skating became well-received.
C. Why ice skating is famous in the world.
D. Why ice skating enters Winter Olympics.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了滑冰的历史和各个不同年代受到西方人民欢迎的滑冰项目。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“Figure skating, speed skating, and ice hockey can all trace their beginnings to early civilizations that fastened animal bones to their feet to skate on ice, according to A Dictionary of British History. Bone runners found in Switzerland date as far back as 3000 B.C. and there is also evidence of ice skating in Scandinavia in the Middle Ages.(根据《英国历史词典》，花样滑冰、速度滑冰和冰球的起源都可以追溯到将动物骨骼固定在脚上在冰上滑冰的早期文明。在瑞士发现的跑骨者可以追溯到公元前3000年，也有证据表明在中世纪的斯堪的纳维亚半岛有滑冰的现象。)”可知，最古老的运动是Bone running，故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“At the end of the 18th century, American ballet dancer Jackson Haines transformed the sport into what is now known as figure skating by introducing elements of ballet to the ice.(18世纪末，美国芭蕾舞演员杰克逊·海恩斯将芭蕾的元素引入冰上，将这项运动变成了现在所知的花样滑冰。)”可知，对花样滑冰运动贡献最大的是Jackson Haines，故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段的“3000 B.C.(公元前3000年)”，第二段的“in the early 17th century(17世纪早期)”，“in the late 1600s(在17世纪末)”和“in 1683(1683年)”，第三段的“At the end of the 18th century(18世纪末)”，第四段的“in 19th century(19世纪)”和最后一段“By the end of 20thcentury(到20世纪末)”等表示时间的短语看出，本文是按照时间顺序来展开说明的。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。由第一段的“3000 B.C.(公元前3000年)”，第二段的“in the early 17th century(17世纪早期)”，“in the late 1600s(在17世纪末)”和“in 1683(1683年)”，第三段的“At the end of the 18th century(18世纪末)”，第四段的“in 19th century(19世纪)”和最后一段“By the end of 20thcentury(到20世纪末)”等表示时间的短语看出，本文主要讲述了不同时期不同滑冰方式是如何发展起来的，以及如何受到大家欢迎的，也就是主要讲的是滑冰是如何受到欢迎的。故选B。
C
People who regularly sleep for six hours or less each night in middle age are more likely to develop dementia than those who routinely manage seven hours, according to a major study into the disease.
Researchers found a 30% greater risk of dementia in those who during their 50s, 60s and 70s consistently had a short night's sleep, regardless of other risk factors such as heart condition and poor mental health.
Sabia, an author of the study at the university of Paris and her colleagues analyzed survey data from University College London's Whitehall study, which launched in 1985 and followed the health and lifestyles of more than 10,000 British volunteers. The French team focused on nearly 8,000 participants who self-reported their sleep patterns.
During 25 years of follow-up. 521 participants developed dementia, with most diagnosed in their late 70s. Writing in Nature Communications, the scientists described how those who routinely got six hours of sleep or less each night in their 50s and 60s were 30% more likely to develop dementia than those who typically managed seven hours.
The study does not prove that sleeping too little causes dementia, since sleep loss itself may be one of the earliest symptoms of the disease. But some scientists believe the results strengthen evidence that continuous poor sleep may at least contribute to the disease.
The first pathological changes that lead to dementia occur one to two decades before the disease becomes obvious, as sticky proteins called amyloid build up in the brain. When the 1985 Whitehall study first assessed the sleep of volunteers who later developed dementia, this process had probably not started. This meant that if they were sleeping too little, it was unlikely to have been caused by dementia-related brain changes.
“It strengthens the evidence that poor sleep in middle age could cause or worsen dementia in later life,” said Dr. Liz Coulthard, a consultant senior lecturer in dementia neurology. “It makes sense to take measures to improve sleep such as going outside during daylight hours to help maintain the natural rhythms that promote good sleep, avoiding too much alcohol or caffeine, particularly before bed, and finding a bedtime routine that works for you.”
8. What risk factor for dementia does the passage focus on?
A. Sleep loss. B. Age. C. Poor mental health. D. Heart condition.
9. How did French scientists get the research findings?
A. By making a comparison. B. By monitoring sleep patterns.
C. By interviewing British volunteers. D. By analyzing previous survey data.
10. In what tone do the scientists talk about the research?
A. Casual. B. Doubtful. C. Negative. D. Cautious.
11. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A. To give examples. B. To collect proofs.
C. To offer suggestions. D. To present arguments.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项针对老年痴呆症的重大研究表明，中年时每晚经常睡6小时或更少的人比那些每天睡7小时的人更容易患痴呆症。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究人员对此的看法和建议。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Researchers found a 30% greater risk of dementia in those who during their 50s, 60s and 70s consistently had a short night's sleep, regardless of other risk factors such as heart condition and poor mental health.(研究人员发现，无论是否存在心脏病和心理健康状况不佳等其他风险因素，那些在五六十岁和七十岁时夜间睡眠持续不足的人患痴呆症的风险要高出30%)”可知，这篇文章关注的是痴呆的风险因素是睡眠不足。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sabia, an author of the study at the university of Paris and her colleagues analyzed survey data from University College London's Whitehall study, which launched in 1985 and followed the health and lifestyles of more than 10,000 British volunteers. (巴黎大学研究报告的作者之一Sabia和她的同事分析了伦敦大学学院白厅研究的调查数据。该研究于1985年启动，跟踪调查了1万多名英国志愿者的健康和生活方式)”可知，法国科学家通过分析以前的调查数据得到研究结果。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“The study does not prove that sleeping too little causes dementia, since sleep loss itself may be one of the earliest symptoms of the disease. But some scientists believe the results strengthen evidence that continuous poor sleep may at least contribute to the disease.(这项研究并没有证明睡眠太少会导致痴呆，因为睡眠不足本身可能是这种疾病的早期症状之一。但一些科学家认为，该研究结果进一步证明，持续睡眠不佳至少可能导致这种疾病)”可推知，科学家们用谨慎的语气谈论这项研究。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““It strengthens the evidence that poor sleep in middle age could cause or worsen dementia in later life,” said Dr Liz Coulthard, a consultant senior lecturer in dementia neurology. “It makes sense to take measures to improve sleep such as going outside during daylight hours to help maintain the natural rhythms that promote good sleep, avoiding too much alcohol or caffeine, particularly before bed, and finding a bedtime routine that works for you.”(老年痴呆症神经学高级顾问讲师Liz Coulthard博士说：“这进一步证明了中年睡眠不佳可能导致或恶化老年痴呆症。采取措施改善睡眠是有道理的，比如白天外出以保持促进良好睡眠的自然节奏，避免过多的酒精或咖啡因，尤其是在睡前，找到适合自己的就寝时间。”)”可推知，最后一段的目的是提供建议。故选C。
D
In the animal kingdom, killer whales (虎鲸) are social stars: they travel in varied family groups, care for grandchildren, and even imitate human speech. Now, scientists are adding one more behavior to the list: forming fast friendships. A new study shows killer whales can rival animals such as chimpanzees and macaques (a kind of monkey), and even humans when it comes to the kind of “social touch” that indicates strong bonds.
Some ocean animals maintain social structures — including male dolphins that learn the “names” of their close allies (盟友). But there is little data about wild killer whales. That’s where drone technology came in. Michael Weiss, a behavioral ecologist, teamed up with his colleagues to launch drones, flying them 30 to 120 meters above a group of killer whales. That was high enough not to trouble the whales, marking the first time drones have been used to study friendly physical contact in whales.
The researchers recorded over 800 instances of physical contact between individuals. Those included hugs, back-to-back and nose-to-nose touches between pairs of whales. Other whales playfully threw young whales into the air, letting them fall into the water. Besides, the drone images revealed clear preferences among individuals, usually for one “best friend” of the same sex and age. Take J49 and J51 — two distantly related young males aged 9 and 6 — for instance. “Every time you see a group of whales, those two are right there interacting with each other,” Weiss says.
The young led most of these interactions, rather than the older females or males. Older males in particular were less important. “The young individuals really seem to be the glue (胶水) holding the groups together,” Weiss says. As individuals age, this gradual loss of “centrality” is known in many social mammals, including humans. That finding is “especially appealing” to Stacey Tecot, who wasn’t involved in the study. “Scientists have long observed this social aging trend in animals, but there are still many unanswered questions,” she says. That’s certainly on the researchers’ radar. “We’re already gathering new data, with more advanced equipment,” says Weiss.
12. What does the underlined word “rival” in Paragraph l probably mean?
A. Benefit from. B. Be equal to.
C. Depend on. D. Be fond of.
13. What is new about Weiss’ research?
A. The research method. B. The variety of species.
C. The size of the research team. D. The time spent on the research.
14. What did Weiss find about J49 and J51?
A. They have a stable friendship.
B. Their interactions are more complicated.
C. Their communicating ways change frequently.
D. They prefer playing with young female whales.
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. More researchers will be involved in the study.
B. Other scientists take a negative attitude to the research.
C. Researchers will collect more data to study killer whales.
D. Researchers will uncover the social aging trend in animals soon.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了社交明星虎鲸的建立快速友谊的能力。行为生态学家迈克尔·韦斯（Michael Weiss）与同事合作发射无人机研究虎鲸的友好身体接触。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一自然段“Now, scientists are adding one more behavior to the list: forming fast friendships.”（现在，科学家们又给这个清单增加了一种行为：建立快速友谊。）可知，科学家们对于虎鲸的社交能力又有一项新的发现——建立快速友谊。所以可推知下文“A new study shows killer whales can rival animals such as chimpanzees and macaques (a kind of monkey), and even humans when it comes to the kind of “social touch” that indicates strong bonds.”（一项新的研究表明，虎鲸可以与黑猩猩和猕猴（猴子的一种）等动物，甚至人类rival，因为它们的“社交接触”表明它们之间有着牢固的联系。）是说虎鲸的建立快速友谊的能力可以与黑猩猩和猕猴等动物，甚至人类相匹敌。A. Benefit from.从……受益；B. Be equal to.与……相当；C. Depend on.依靠；D. Be fond of.喜爱。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二自然段“But there is little data about wild killer whales. That’s where drone technology came in. Michael Weiss, a behavioral ecologist, teamed up with his colleagues to launch drones, flying them 30 to 120 meters above a group of killer whales.”（但关于野生虎鲸的数据很少。这就是无人机技术的起源。行为生态学家迈克尔·韦斯（Michael Weiss）与同事合作发射无人驾驶飞机，在一群虎鲸上方30至120米处飞行。）可知，迈克尔·韦斯使用无人机进行研究，也就是说他的研究方法新颖。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三自然段“Take J49 and J51 — two distantly related young males aged 9 and 6 — for instance. “Every time you see a group of whales, those two are right there interacting with each other,” Weiss says.”（以J49和J51这两个9岁和6岁的远亲年轻雄性虎鲸为例。韦斯说：“每次你看到一群虎鲸时，它们就在那里相互交流。”）可知，J49和J51有稳定的友谊。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Scientists have long observed this social aging trend in animals, but there are still many unanswered questions,” she says. That’s certainly on the researchers’ radar. “We’re already gathering new data, with more advanced equipment,” says Weiss.”（她说：“科学家们长期以来一直观察到动物的这种社会老龄化趋势，但仍有许多问题没有答案。”。这当然是研究人员关注的问题。Weiss说：“我们已经在用更先进的设备收集新数据。”）可知，研究人员将收集更多数据来研究虎鲸。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I am going to discuss some of the choices available to you and which jobs are best suited to you: popular jobs, more unusual jobs or everyday jobs.
___16___ Some jobs may seem dull but are important to society, while others can appear exciting but are actually difficult and boring. One example is the so-called “cool job” of being a model or an actor. These people seem to be living a better life than others. Actually, they have to make far greater efforts than ordinary people and only a few of them are successful. Meanwhile, those who are successful and famous have to deal with constant media attention.___17___
Other popular professions include careers in law or business. Many people have ambitions to become successful as a lawyer or business person. ___18___ These can be well-paid and interesting jobs, but you also have to work long hours.
On the other hand, some people find more unusual jobs suited to their talents and interests. Once I met a young man whose job was to check noise pollution in a park zone. He loved camping, and his job was like a holiday for him. ___19___ There are many other people doing unusual jobs, and they love their jobs, which might not be popular, but are interesting.
Likewise, many ordinary jobs, such as shopkeepers, drivers and barbers, may look plain, but they are necessary to society. Without them, we would not go about our daily lives.
When you think about your future career, remember some cool jobs can be rather difficult and that some ordinary jobs can be quite important. ___20___
A. It does not seem that cool now, does it?
B. It was easy to see that he enjoyed doing his job.
C. All of them together, though, help society function.
D. He’s bored as his only neighbors were the birds in the nearby trees.
E. When choosing a career, you should consider all the aspects of a job.
F. They wear diamonds, go to parties and relax on cushions in private jets.
G. However, they may ignore the stress and pressure that come with these jobs.
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. G 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇用简洁的语言分析了社会上存在的不同职业，并深入探究了职业表面与其背后所需要付出的努力和社会价值。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Some jobs may seem dull but are important to society, while others can appear exciting but are actually difficult and boring. (有些工作看似枯燥，但对社会很重要，而另一些工作看似令人兴奋，但实际上既困难又无聊)”可知，我们在选择职业的时候往往只看到其表面。由此可知，我们在选择职业的时候，应全面考虑这一职业的本身。E项“在选择职业时，你应该考虑工作的各个方面”符合语境，引出下文。故选E。
【17题详解】
空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“One example is the so-called “cool job” of being a model or an actor. These people seem to be living a better life than others. Actually, they have to make far greater efforts than ordinary people and only a few of them are successful. Meanwhile, those who are successful and famous have to deal with constant media attention (一个例子是所谓的“酷工作”，即当模特或演员。这些人似乎过着比其他人更好的生活。事实上，他们要比普通人付出更大的努力，只有少数人成功。同时，那些成功和出名的人必须面对媒体的持续关注)”可知，看起来很酷的职业其实并非如此。A项“现在看起来没那么酷，是吗？”符合语境，承接上文，cool是关键词。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Many people have ambitions to become successful as a lawyer or business person.(许多人都渴望成为一名成功的律师或商人)”和下文“These can be well-paid and interesting jobs, but you also have to work long hours. (这些工作报酬丰厚，而且有趣，但你也必须长时间工作)”可知，商人和律师是很多人梦想的职业，这也工作虽然报酬高但工作时间很长。由此可知，人们可能忽略了高报酬带来的压力。G项“然而，他们可能会忽略这些工作带来的压力”符合题意。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Once I met a young man whose job was to check noise pollution in a park zone. He loved camping, and his job was like a holiday for him. (有一次我遇到一个年轻人，他的工作是检查公园区域的噪音污染。他喜欢露营，他的工作对他来说就像一个假期)”可知，这个年轻人的工作对他来说像是度假，由此推知，他很喜欢自己的工作。B项“很容易看出他喜欢做他的工作”符合语境。故选B。
20题详解】
空处位于文末，应为总结性语言。根据上文“When you think about your future career, remember some cool jobs can be rather difficult and that some ordinary jobs can be quite important. (当你考虑你未来的职业时，记住一些很酷的工作可能相当困难，而一些普通的工作可能非常重要)”即使是普通的工作也很重要，自有其意义。故所有职业的存在都是为了社会的正常运转。C项“然而，所有这些都有助于社会运转”符合语境。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was cleaning out a cupboard the other day when I made an amazing discovery. Inside I ____21____ the manuscript (手稿) for a novel. It included an outline of the ____22____ and a pile of typed pages telling a story. It was written, to my ____23____, by my father who has been dead for more than 50 years. It isn’t ____24____, as novels go, perhaps fifty or sixty typed pages, but without my ____25____ it has somehow accompanied me through my years of ____26____, several jobs, a marriage, the birth of my children and grandchildren, retirement and even a relocation across the country where I live.
Yet there it was, resting under a lot of paper to be recycled. I might have ____27____ my father’s legacy (遗产). I was truly ____28____ by my discovery.
I’m in the middle of reading another book ____29____ my dad’s novel has a place on my bed-side table. I want to have some _____30_____ time for it so I haven’t _____31_____ examined it yet. I’m going to spend a whole afternoon to give it the _____32_____ it deserves. As yet I don’t know what the story line is about and I don’t even know if it is complete but I _____33_____ a highly emotional process of finding out.
I find it fascinating to think that this could happen; that after more than fifty years my father could _____34_____ his only son through the mists of time. It’s one of those things that we don’t see coming and that make life so _____35_____.
21. A. locked B. found C. placed D. hid
22. A. notes B. reviews C. chapters D. references
23. A. regret B. relief C. satisfaction D. amazement
24. A. long B. fun C. popular D. romantic
25. A. support B. knowledge C. approval D. reach
26. A. life B. writing C. reflection D. education
27. A. cleared away B. passed down C. counted on D. handed out
28. A. bothered B. caught C. shaken D. disturbed
29. A. or B. so C. but D. for
30. A. easy B. quick C. rough D. clear
31. A. briefly B. closely C. happily D. calmly
32. A. honor B. comment C. reward D. attention
33 A. design B. anticipate C. evaluate D. record
34. A. touch B. raise C. help D. protect
35. A. peaceful B. successful C. interesting D. smooth
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我在打扫橱柜时意外发现了已经去世的父亲写的小说，在阅读小说的过程中，仿佛我和父亲隔着时间有了再次的接触，这让我感到很有趣。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在里面发现了一本小说的手稿。A. locked锁；B. found发现；C. placed放置；D. hid隐藏。根据上文“I was cleaning out a cupboard the other day when I made an amazing discovery.”可知，我在清理橱柜时有了一个惊人的发现，由此可知，我在橱柜里发现了一本小说的手稿。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它包括一个章节的大纲和一堆讲述故事的打印页。A. notes笔记；B. reviews回顾；C. chapters章；D. references参考。根据上文“the manuscript (手稿) for a novel”可知，我发现了一本小说的手稿，由此可知，手稿中包括介绍小说章节的大纲。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这是我父亲写的，他已经去世50多年了。A. regret后悔；B. relief宽慰；C. satisfaction满意；D. amazement惊奇，惊讶。根据句中“by my father who has been dead for more than 50 years”可知，这本小说是由我已经去世50多年的父亲写的，而我却不知道，由此可知，这是令我惊讶的。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就小说而言，它并不长，可能有五六十页的打印页，但在我不知情的情况下，它陪伴着我度过了我的教育、几份工作、一段婚姻、我的孩子和孙子的出生、退休，甚至是在我居住的国家的一次搬迁。A. long长的；B. fun有趣的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. romantic浪漫的。根据句中“perhaps fifty or sixty typed pages”可知，小说只有五六十页，由此可知，就小说而言，它并不长。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就小说而言，它并不长，可能有五六十页的打印页，但在我不知情的情况下，它陪伴着我度过了我的教育、几份工作、一段婚姻、我的孩子和孙子的出生、退休，甚至是在我居住的国家的一次搬迁。A. support支持；B. knowledge知晓；C. approval批准；D. reach范围，领域。根据上文“I was cleaning out a cupboard the other day when I made an amazing discovery.”可知，我是在清理橱柜时偶然发现小说手稿的，由此可知，小说手稿在我不知情的情况下一直陪伴着我，“without one’s knowledge”意为“在某人不知情的情况下”。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就小说而言，它并不长，可能有五六十页的打印页，但在我不知情的情况下，它陪伴着我度过了我的教育、几份工作、一段婚姻、我的孩子和孙子的出生、退休，甚至是在我居住的国家的一次搬迁。A. life生活；B. writing写作；C. reflection反射；D. education教育。根据空格后“several jobs, a marriage, the birth of my children and grandchildren”可知，句中按照时间顺序讲述小说一直陪伴着我，“several jobs”意为“几份工作”，在工作之前我应该是接受教育。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我可能已经清除了我父亲的遗产。A. cleared away清除；B. passed down传递；C. counted on依赖；D. handed out分发。根据上文“Yet there it was, resting under a lot of paper to be recycled.”可知，小说手稿在大量待回收的纸张下，由此可知，我可能把小说手稿当作待回收的纸张，然后把它们清除掉。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的被我的发现震惊了。A. bothered打扰；B. caught抓住；C. shaken使非常震惊；D. disturbed干扰。根据上文“I made an amazing discovery”中的“amazing”可知，这个发现是令人震惊的，由此可知，我真的被我的发现震惊了。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我正在读另一本书，但我爸爸的小说放在我床边的桌子上。A. or或者；B. so所以；C. but但是；D. for因为。根据空格前“I’m in the middle of reading another book”和空格后“my dad’s novel has a place on my bed-side table”可知，句子前后为转折关系，虽然我正在读另一本书，但我把爸爸的小说放在我床边的桌子上。故选C项。
30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想有一些明确的时间阅读它，所以我还没有仔细地检查它。A. easy容易的；B. quick快的；C. rough粗糙的；D. clear明确的。根据下文“I’m going to spend a whole afternoon to give it the _____ it deserves.”可知，我打算花一整个下午的时间来读小说，由此可知，我很重视它，想有一些明确的时间阅读它。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想有一些明确的时间阅读它，所以我还没有仔细地检查它。A. briefly短暂地；B. closely仔细地；C. happily高兴地；D. calmly镇静地。根据下文“I’m going to spend a whole afternoon to give it the _____ it deserves.”可知，我打算花一整个下午的时间来读小说，由此可知，我很重视它，因为现在还没有明确的时间阅读它，所以还没有仔细地检查它。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我要花一整个下午的时间来给予它应有的关注。A. honor荣誉；B. comment评论；C. reward奖励；D. attention关注。根据下文“but I _____ a highly emotional process of finding out”可知，我期待阅读这本小说的过程，由此可知，我想要花一整个下午的时间来给予这本小说应有的关注。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，我还不知道故事情节是关于什么的，我甚至不知道它是否完整，但我期盼着一个非常激动人心的发现过程。A. design设计；B. anticipate期盼；C. evaluate评价；D. record记录。根据上文“I want to have some _____ time for it”可知，我想有一些明确的时间来阅读它，由此可知，我很重视这本小说，期盼着阅读的过程。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我觉得很有意思，认为这可能发生；50多年后，我父亲可以透过时间的迷雾接触他的独生子。A. touch接触，触摸；B. raise抚养；C. help帮助；D. protect保护。根据上文“by my father who has been dead for more than 50 years”可知，我父亲已经去世50多年了，由此可知，通过阅读父亲写的小说，我和父亲之间再次有了接触。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我们看不到会发生什么的事情之一，让生活变得如此有趣。A. peaceful和平的；B. successful成功的；C. interesting有趣的；D. smooth平滑的。根据上文“I find it fascinating to think that this could happen”可知，我觉得通过小说和去世的父亲再次接触很有意思，由此可知，这让生活变得很有趣。故选C项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The opening ceremony of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games on the evening of Feb 4 was different, yet spectacular (引人入胜). The audiences were treated to a pared-down(简约的) ceremony, ____36____ the large-scale artistic performances that marked the 2008 opening ceremony, ____37____ it was no less symbolic—symbolic of a shared future for humankind. The final torch (火炬) at the snowflake-themed ceremony was small, yet the flames conveyed significant messages of ____38____ (green) Olympic Games. The use of ____39____ (advance) technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine vision, 5G and cloud broadcasting ____40____ (add) to the novelty of the opening ceremony. The performances, carrying forward the theme of global peace and a shared future for humankind, focused on environmental protection and human health, ____41____ (highlight) the importance of sports to instill (灌输) new confidence in the international community ____42____ (contain) the pandemic (瘟疫). Through the opening ceremony on Feb. 4, people can clearly see China’s pursuit of building a peaceful world, its ____43____ (reflect) of the new Olympic motto of “Faster, Higher, Stronger, Together” and the Beijing Winter Games’ motto of “together for a shared future”.
Today, with over 300 million people ____44____ (engage) in winter sports in about 2000 ski resorts and ice rinks, China is becoming a winter sport country. This extraordinary achievement opens a new era for global winter sport, _____45_____ will raise the global participation to new levels, benefiting the Chinese people as well as winter sport enthusiasts around the world.
【答案】36. without##unlike
37. but##yet
38. greener
39. advanced
40. added 41. highlighting
42. to contain
43. reflection
44. engaged
45. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北京冬奥会开幕式及其意义。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：观众们观看了一场精简的仪式，没有2008年开幕式的大型艺术表演，但它同样象征着人类共同的未来（与2008年开幕式的大型艺术表演不同，观众们观看了一场精简的仪式，但它同样象征着人类共同的未来）。根据句意可知，句中想表达北京冬奥会没有2008年开幕式的大型艺术表演，故空格处应用介词“without”，意为“没有”；也可用介词“unlike”，意为“与……不同”，表示北京冬奥会开幕式与2008年开幕式的大型艺术表演不同。故填without/unlike。
【37题详解】
考查连词。句意：观众们观看了一场精简的仪式，没有2008年开幕式的大型艺术表演，但它同样象征着人类共同的未来。/与2008年开幕式的大型艺术表演不同，观众们观看了一场精简的仪式，但它同样象征着人类共同的未来。根据句意可知，句中表示虽然北京冬奥会开幕式没有大型艺术表演，但它同样象征着人类共同的未来，空格前后为转折关系，故应用连词“but”或“yet”，意为“但是”，表转折。故填but/yet。
【38题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：雪花主题仪式上的最后一支火炬很小，但火焰传递了奥运会更加环保的重要信息。根据句意可知，用一支很小的火炬应该是为了传达奥运会更加环保的重要信息，空格处应用形容词比较级，“green”意为“环境保护的”，形容词词性，比较级为“greener”，作定语。故填greener。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：人工智能、机器视觉、5G和云广播等先进技术使用增加了开幕式的新鲜感。分析句子可知，“technologies”为名词，空格处应用形容词，作定语，“advance”作形容词时意为“预先的”，不符合语境，根据句意可知，应用“advanced”，意为“先进的，高级的”，形容词词性。故填advanced。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：人工智能、机器视觉、5G和云广播等先进技术的使用增加了开幕式的新鲜感。分析句子可知，空格处应填谓语动词，根据句意可知，句中介绍的是冬奥会的开幕式，为过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，“add”意为“增加”，动词词性，过去式为“added”。故填added。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些表演弘扬了全球和平与人类共同未来的主题，侧重于环境保护和人类健康，强调了体育运动对向国际社会灌输遏制疫情的新信心的重要性。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“focused on”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“highlight”意为“强调”，动词词性，“performances”和“highlight”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“highlight”的现在分词“highlighting”。故填highlighting。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些表演弘扬了全球和平与人类共同未来的主题，侧重于环境保护和人类健康，强调了体育运动对向国际社会灌输遏制疫情的新信心的重要性。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“focused on”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，句中应用不定式作后置定语，对抽象名词“confidence”进行解释说明，“contain”意为“遏制，防止……蔓延”，动词词性，故空格处应填“to contain”。故填to contain。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：通过2月4日的开幕式，人们可以清楚地看到中国对建设一个和平世界的追求，它体现了“更快、更高、更强、更团结”的新奥林匹克格言和北京冬奥会“一起向未来”的格言。分析句子可知，“its”为形容词性物主代词，故空格处应用名词，“reflect”为动词，对应的名词为“reflection”，意为“体现，显示”，为不可数名词。故填reflection。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，中国有超过3亿人在约2000个滑雪场和冰场参加冬季运动，中国正在成为一个冬季运动国家。分析句子可知，句中涉及“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，“engage”意为“使参加”，动词词性，“people”和“engage”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“engage”的过去分词“engaged”作宾补。故填engaged。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这一非凡成就开启了全球冬季运动的新时代，将使全球参与度提升到新的水平，造福中国人民和世界各地的冬季运动爱好者。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“这一非凡成就开启了全球冬季运动的新时代”这件事，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词“which”引导从句。故填which。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节应用文(满分15分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华。你打算到China Daily参加记者面试。请根据以下要点，用英语写一封自荐信。
1.应聘原因：公司声望、个人梦想；
2.个人能力：懂英语，善编辑，对新闻有敏感在嗅觉，善沟通，团队意识强等；
3.决心与愿望。
注意：1.词数100左右。信的格式已给出，不计入总词数；
2.可适当发挥，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：
声望：reputation 资格 qualification
Dear Sir,
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Looking forward to your reply. Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir,
I have learned that newspaper reporters are wanted in your company. I’m eager to be one of them. The reason why I apply for this job is that your company has a very good reputation and I’ve dreamed to be a journalist from an early age.
As for what I can offer to your company, firstly, I have very good English reading and editing abilities. Above all, I have a good nose for news. Meanwhile, I have outstanding communication skills. I am a good team leader, and I can get along well with others. I think my qualifications are suitable for what you require. So I am confident and I can handle it. I would appreciate it if you could allow me an interview.
Looking forward to your reply. Best wishes.
Your,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。要求考生给China Daily写一封自荐信，陈述自己应聘的原因、个人能力以及决心和愿望。
【详解】1.词汇积累
渴望做某事：be anxious to do→be eager to do
名声、名誉：fame→reputation
出色的：extraordinary→outstanding
与某人相处得好：be on good terms with sb. → get along well with sb.
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I have learned that newspaper reporters are wanted in your company. I’m eager to be one of them.
拓展句：Having learned that newspaper reporters are wanted in your company, I’m eager to be one of them.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
The reason why I apply for this job is that your company has a very good reputation and I’ve dreamed to be a journalist from an early age.句中使用了why引导的定语从句和that引导的表语从句。
[高分句型2]
As for what I can offer to your company, firstly, I have very good English reading and editing abilities.句中使用了what引导的宾语从句。
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was unusually cold that year on December 25. The snowstorm swept across my city, with biting wind piercing (划破) the silence of the empty street.
I was a nurse on duty in the emergency room. Seated behind my desk, I stared through the glass window into the dark sky. I didn’t think there would be any patients, sighing about having to work on Christmas, when almost all the people were enjoying their family members’ company. Just then, five people showed up in front of my desk, a pale woman and four small children. I rose to my feet immediately.
“Are you all sick?” I asked suspiciously.
“Yes.” she said weakly and lowered her head.
But when it came to descriptions of their presenting problems, things got a little confusing. Two of the children had headaches, but the headaches weren’t accompanied by the normal body language of holding the head or trying to keep it still. Two children had earaches, but only one could tell me which ear was affected. The mother complained of a cough but seemed to work to produce it.
Something was wrong, but I didn’t say anything and explained that it might be a little while before a doctor saw her. She responded, “Take your time; it’s warm here.”
On a hunch (出于直觉),I checked the chart after the admitting clerk had finished registering the family. No address—they were homeless. And the waiting room was warm and comfortable.
I looked out at the family huddled (蜷缩) by the Christmas tree. The little one was clapping his hands and stamping his feet, with his eyes fixed on the television screen while the bigger one was pointing at the television and yelling something at her mother. The oldest one was looking at an ornament(装饰) on the Christmas tree.
注意:
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
I returned to the nurses’ station.
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We prepared a big dinner for our Christmas guests.
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【答案】I returned to the nurses’ station. I told others that we had a homeless family in the waiting room. Hearing what I said, all the nurses fell silent. The nurses, having complained about working Christmas, turned to compassion for a family just trying to get warmth on Christmas. We made up our minds to do something for them and went into action instantly, much as we do when there’s a medical emergency.
We prepared a big dinner for our Christmas guests. They happily wolved down everything we prepared.Then we collected from different departments candies, crayons and other things available to give them as presents. As seriously as we met the physical needs of the patients, our team worked to meet the needs, and exceed the expectations of a family who just wanted to be warm on Christmas Day. Later, as the family were ready to leave, one little girl came running back, showing her appreciation, gave me a hug and whispered, “Thanks for being our angels today.”
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了圣诞夜一位母亲为了取暖而带着四个孩子谎称看病去急诊室。护士不但没有驱赶，反而热情接待的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我回到护士站。”可知，第一段可描写作者回到护士站后，其他的护士对这一家人细致关心，描写出护士们的“善举”——为这一家人准备圣诞晚宴。
②由第二段首句内容“我们为圣诞客人准备了丰盛的晚餐。”可知，第二段可描写这一家人开心用餐、作者和其他护士给孩子们准备的圣诞礼物，以及这家人对作者和同事们的感激。
2.续写线索：开始行动——做准备——开心用餐——赠送礼物——表示感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.做决心做：make up one's mind to do/be determined to do
②.收集：collect/gather
③.拥抱：give sb a hug/hug sb tightly
情绪类
①.感谢：show her appreciation/show her gratitude/be grateful
②.开心地：happily/ delightfully
【点睛】[高分句型1]. As seriously as we met the physical needs of the patients, our team worked to meet the needs, and exceed the expectations of a family who just wanted to be warm on Christmas Day.（由who引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]. Later, as the family were ready to leave, one little girl came running back, showing her appreciation, gave me a hug and whispered, “Thanks for being our angels today.”（由as引导的时间状语从句以及现在分词作伴随状语）
听力答案：1—20 CBCBB ACAAA CBBAC CABAC