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浙江省杭州市学军中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期12月模拟考试试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份浙江省杭州市学军中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期12月模拟考试试题（Word版附解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分30分)等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022学年第一学期高三模拟考试试题
英语
本试卷共8页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力(共两节20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where could the man find Stella?
A. In her office. B. In the library. C. In the meeting room.
2. What did the man do last weekend?
A. He attended a party.
B. He had a picnic with his friends.
C. He went to the park with his sister.
3. How did the woman feel about the interview?
A. Confident. B. Excited. C. Worried.
4. What does the man remind the woman to do?
A. Have a rest after lunch. B. Wear her hat. C. Go swimming before a meal.
5. What does the woman mean?
A. The man is not suitable for the position.
B. The application arrived a week earlier than expected.
C. The job has been given to someone else.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A photograph. B. A video. C. A painting.
7. Where did the man’s idea come from?
A. The autumn scenery. B. A village trip. C. A visit to downtown.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does Dick go to Paris?
A. To further his study. B. To go on business. C. To have his holiday.
9. Who will go to the airport with the speakers?
A. Ben. B. Lucy. C. Their mother.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the evening. B. In the afternoon. C. In the morning.
11. What happened to the man?
A. He had a car accident on his way home.
B. He was stuck in traffic jams.
C. He felt ill in his office.
12. Where are the speakers?
A. At a restaurant. B. In an office. C. At home.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. When did the woman last see Harold?
A. At eight o’clock early this morning.
B. At eleven o’clock this morning.
C. At four o’clock this afternoon.
14. Why did Harold run away according to the woman?
A. She quarreled with Harold.
B. She scolded Harold.
C. She hit Harold with a stick.
15. What is the man confused about?
A. Harold’s age. B. Harold’s height. C. Harold’s appearance.
16. What does the woman say about Harold?
A. He is six years old.
B. He has the same surname as her husband.
C. He is dark brown.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does the school forbid students from doing?
A. Wearing earrings. B. Wearing grey socks. C. Using mobile phones.
18. Who puts forward the topic of the mobile phone?
A. Parents. B. Senior students. C. Teachers.
19. What changes have been made about PE uniform?
A. Different grades wear different uniforms.
B. Students should wear PE uniform every day.
C. Students can wear other clothes instead of shorts when it is cold.
20. What is the purpose of the talk?
A. To explain the dos and don’ts.
B. To persuade students to obey the rules.
C. To ask students for advice about the rules.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Lonely Planet’s Middle East is your passport to the most relevant, up-to-date advice on what to see and skip, and what hidden discoveries await you. Wander at the mighty Pyramids of Giza, the last surviving ancient wonder; watch the sun set over the magic of Petra; and explore tree-lined avenue and delicate mosques(清真寺) in Esfahan, Iran. All with your trusted travel companion. Get to the heart of Middle East and begin your journey now!
Inside Lonely Planet’s Middle East:
● Colour maps and images throughout
● Insider tips to save time and money and get around like a local avoiding crowds and trouble spots
● Essential info at your fingertips — hours of operation, phone numbers, websites, transit tips. prices
● Honest reviews for all budgets — eating, sleeping, sightseeing, going out, shopping, hidden gems(精品) hat most guidebooks miss
● Cultural insights provide a richer, more rewarding travel experience — covering history, people, music, landscapes, wildlife, cuisine, politics
Coverage Includes: Egypt Iraq, Israel, the Palestinian Territories, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
Book Details
ISBN: 9781786570710
Writers: Anthony Ham, Paul Clammer, Orlando Crowcroft, Mark Elliott, Anita Isalska, Jessica Lee, Virginia Maxwell, Simon Richmond, Daniel Robinson, Anthony Sattin, Dan Savery Raz, Andy Symington, Jenny Walker, Steve Waters
608 pages, 256pp color, 90 maps | Dimensions: 128mm×197mm
Next edition due: Dec 2024
1. What information can readers get from Lonely Planet’s Middle East?
A. Black-and-white maps. B. Recommendation of popular guidebooks.
C. Famous writers’ cultural insights. D. Reviews for all budgets.
2. What places does Lonely Planet’s Middle East cover?
A. Jordan and Syria. B. Lebanon and France.
C. Turkey and Japan. D. Israel and Norway.
3. What’s the purpose of the text?
A. To introduce some famous attractions in Middle East.
B. To appeal to us to travel to Middle East.
C. To recommend a book named Middle East.
D. To stress the importance of traveling in Middle East.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了Middle East这本书的一些具体信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。Inside Lonely Planet’s Middle East这一部分中第四点“Honest reviews for all budgets — eating, sleeping, sightseeing, going out, shopping, hidden gems(精品) hat most guidebooks miss (对所有预算的诚实评论——吃饭、睡觉、观光、外出、购物、大多数指南书都遗漏的隐藏的精品)”可知，Middle East这本书可以给读者提供前往中东的预算信息。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第六段“Coverage Includes: Egypt, Iraq, Israel, the Palestinian Territories, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey(覆盖范围包括：埃及，伊拉克，以色列，巴勒斯坦领土，约旦，黎巴嫩，叙利亚，土耳其)”可知，这本书包括约旦和叙利亚。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一句“Lonely Planet’s Middle East is your passport to the most relevant, up-to-date advice on what to see and skip, and what hidden discoveries await you(Lonely Planet’s Middle East是您获取最相关、最新建议的通行证，为你提供最相关、最新的建议，告诉你该看什么、不看什么，以及有什么隐藏的发现等着你)”可推知，本文是在介绍Middle East这本书。故选C。
B
The twins, Kayla and Kellie Bingham, were accused of “academic dishonesty” in May 2016 after test proctors (监考员) reviewed the results of an exam on which their performance was considered to be remarkably similar. The sisters’ identical answers to 296 of 307 questions, including 54 wrong answers, raised alarm bells among university officials, who launched an investigation into the twins’ performance.
“It was an eight-hour exam during which we exhibited normal test-taking behavior,” Kayla Bingham said.
The Binghams successfully appealed against the decision and filed a lawsuit (起诉) against the university, arguing that for years they had behaved and performed similarly academically and in athletics. After a four-day trial in November, a South Carolina jury (陪审团) decided the school had wronged the sisters and awarded them a total of $1.5 million in damages.
The Binghams’ legal case depended on the theory that it is common for identical twins to perform similarly on tests given their genetic profiles. Nancy Segal, who runs California State University, Fullerton’s Twin Studies Center and who testified in the case, said, “I would have been surprised if they hadn’t scored alike.”
In their suit, the Binghams said the cheating allegations (指控) led to their experiencing psychological distress, including panic attacks and stress disorder.
“It was a very hostile environment. People we had known, sat next to and studied with for two years would not speak to us,” Kellie Bingham told CBS. “They knew our work ethic (道德准则) and study habits but refused to hear our side of the story. People we trusted completely turned their backs on us.”
The university’s accusation and the events that followed also interfered with the Binghams’ plans to become doctors. The two now work as government affairs advisers at the same South Carolina law firm. “We came to understand that once word gets out, even if it’s not accurate, it damages your reputation as a person. So we completely switched tracks,” Kayla said, adding that she “wanted to fight back because I had been wronged.”
4. Why were the twins accused of cheating in the exam?
A. They did a good job in the test.
B. They exhibited abnormal test-taking behavior.
C. They were seen signaling one another and passing notes.
D. They had remarkably similar test performance.
5. What can be learned from paragraph 3 and 4?
A. The Binghams at last lost the lawsuit against the university.
B. Nancy Segal was not satisfied with the jury’s decision.
C. The jury’s decision was based on a theory about identical twins.
D. This was the first time that the Binghams had scored alike.
6. What attitude do people have towards the twins after the cheating allegations?
A. Approving. B. Suspicious. C. Objective. D. Tolerant.
7. What influence does the university’s accusation have on the twins?
A. They will stick to being a doctor and helping those suffering people.
B. They’ve decided to become advisors instead of doctors.
C. Their reputation has been damaged so they can’t be doctors.
D. They’ve handled it very well and are in a good mental state.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道一对双胞胎凯拉和凯莉·宾厄姆被指控“学术不诚实”，对此大学进行这对双胞胎的表现展开了调查，这一做法最后被法院裁定冤枉了这对姐妹，并判学校给予她们150万美元的赔偿，此事对这对双胞胎产生了很大的影响。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段中的“The sisters’ identical answers to 296 of 307 questions, including 54 wrong answers, raised alarm bells among university officials, who launched an investigation into the twins’ performance.(这对姐妹在307个问题中有296个答案完全相同，包括54个错误答案，这引起了大学官员的警惕，他们对双胞胎的表现展开了调查。)”可知，她们的测试结果极其相似是这对双胞胎被指控考试作弊的原因。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的尾句“After a four-day trial in November, a South Carolina jury (陪审团) decided the school had wronged the sisters and awarded them a total of $1.5 million in damages.(去年11月，经过为期四天的审判，南卡罗来纳州的一个陪审团裁定学校冤枉了这对姐妹，并判给她们总共150万美元的赔偿金。)”和第四段的首句“The Binghams’ legal case depended on the theory that it is common for identical twins to perform similarly on tests given their genetic profiles.(宾厄姆姐妹的诉讼依据的理论是，考虑到他们的基因特征，同卵双胞胎在测试中表现相似是很常见的。)”可知，陪审团的判定结果是基于同卵双胞胎的理论。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“‘It was a very hostile environment. People we had known, sat next to and studied with for two years would not speak to us,’ Kellie Bingham told CBS. ‘They knew our work ethic (道德准则) and study habits but refused to hear our side of the story. People we trusted completely turned their backs on us.’(“当时的环境非常恶劣。我们认识的人，坐在我们旁边的人，和我们一起学习了两年的人都不和我们说话，”凯利·宾厄姆在接受CBS采访时表示。“他们知道我们的职业道德和学习习惯，但拒绝听我们的说法。我们信任的人完全背弃了我们。”)”可知，在被指控作弊后，人们对这对姐妹充满了不信任。故选B项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据尾段中的“The university’s accusation and the events that followed also interfered with the Binghams’ plans to become doctors. The two now work as government affairs advisers at the same South Carolina law firm.(大学的指控和随后发生的事件也干扰了宾厄姆姐妹成为医生的计划。两人现在在南卡罗来纳州同一家律师事务所担任政府事务顾问。)”可知。大学的无端指控让两人最后决定在律师事务所从事政府事务顾问工作，而不是做医生。故选B项。
C
In a video posted Thursday addressing the future of her world tour, Céline Dion shared she’s been diagnosed with Stiff Person Syndrome (僵人综合征), or SPS, which has caused her to have severe muscle spasms (痉挛) in the past. And she will have to postpone much of her tour, as well as cancel some shows.
“The muscle spasms affect every aspect of my daily life, sometimes causing difficulties when I walk and not allowing me to use my vocal cords (声带) to sing the way I’m used to.” Dion said in the video posted on Instagram.
Stiff Person Syndrome is a rare neurological (神经系统的) disorder with features of an autoimmune (自体免疫的) disease. The disease notably causes progressive muscle stiffness and painful spasms that can be triggered by environmental factors such as sudden movement, cold temperature or unexpected loud noises and emotional stress.
“We all have muscle spasms, but these are muscle spasms that are beyond your control to the point that muscles lock and are so rigid.” Dr. Robert Wilson, a neurologist and the director of the Autonomic Center at the Cleveland Clinic, told USA TODAY.
These symptoms can lead to difficulty walking, among other disabilities. People with SPS are also more likely to experience anxiety and depression, Yale Medicine notes.
Of course, SPS symptoms can range significantly and every patient’s experience is unique. “It’s a range of severity.” Desai says.
“Some people have mild spasms. Some people can have the full dystonia where a part of the body becomes almost like rigid to a board or like a statue.…And some people can be constant while some people could just have episodes,” Wilson said. “There’s a variability within each patient.”
The exact cause remains unknown. However, researchers suspect it may be caused by an autoimmune reaction. Until now, there is no cure for it. But there are treatments to help relieve symptoms. SPS can be terminal in rare cases. “It’s a rare disease to begin with. And there are cases of death being reported, but it’s rare for a rare disease,” Desai said.
8. How does the disease affect Céline Dion?
A. She always has difficult walks.
B. She can’t speak nor sing songs.
C. She experiences depression.
D. Some shows have to be rescheduled or cancelled.
9. The underlined word “dystonia” in paragraph 7 means a condition characterized by ______.
A. rigidity B. range C. gentleness D. variability
10. What might cause Stiff Person Syndrome according to researchers?
A. Environmental factors. B. Emotional stress.
C. Autoimmune reactions. D. Unknown reasons.
11. What can we learn about the disease?
A. Every patient has the same symptoms.
B. The disease just causes muscle rigidity and spasms.
C. The disease is deadly in many cases without a cure.
D. The disease can affect patients both physically and mentally.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了僵人综合征的一些症状及疾病的可能成因。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“And she will have to postpone much of her tour, as well as cancel some shows.(她不得不推迟许多巡演，并取消了一些演出)”可知，该疾病让Céline Dion不得不重新安排或取消她的演出。故选D项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“where a part of the body becomes almost like rigid to a board or like a statue(在这种情况下，身体的一部分就像固定在木板上或者像雕像一样)”可知，一些身体部分出现了完全僵硬的状态。由此推知，划线词dystonia与rigidity(僵硬)意思接近。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“However, researchers suspect it may be caused by an autoimmune reaction.(然而，研究人员怀疑它可能是由自身免疫反应引起的)”可知，根据研究人员的说法，自身免疫反应可能导致了僵人综合征。故选C项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“These symptoms can lead to difficulty walking, among other disabilities. People with SPS are also more likely to experience anxiety and depression, Yale Medicine notes.(耶鲁医学院指出，这些症状会导致行走困难和其他能力缺陷，僵人综合征的病人更可能会经历焦虑和抑郁)”可知，该疾病会影响病人的身心健康。故选D项。
D
Humans evolved from apes. This is what we learned in biology class. But what came before apes? Chinese scientists have discovered fossils that could enrich the evolutionary story of how humans evolved from fish.
According to four articles published in the journal Nature in late September, Chinese researchers found fish fossils that provide the “missing link” about the origin of the jaw, a key feature that 99.8 percent of vertebrate (脊椎动物) species have.
Zhu Min, a lead researcher of the studies from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that the findings drew a large amount of interest in the science world due to the importance of jaws in animal evolution.
However, the rise of the jaw had been a mystery due to a lack of sufficient fossil evidence to support that jawed vertebrates lived 450 million years ago.
The latest findings made by Zhu’s team presented a set of five surprisingly well-preserved fish fossils that included three whole-bodied fish, helping scientists paint a more accurate evolutionary picture of the origin of the jaw. The fish fossils were discovered at two sites in Chongqing and Guizhou, whose strata (岩层) date back to the Silurian Period that began around 440 million years ago.
These fossils show that jawed fish were already thriving (繁荣) in the world’s ancient oceans at that time. Later on, more diverse and larger jawed fish evolved and began to spread around the world, paving the way for some fish to eventually go on land and evolve into other animals — including humans.
“These fossils provide an unprecedented (前所未有的) opportunity to peek into the ‘dawn of fish’ and help scientists trace many human body structures back to these ancient fish thus filling some key gaps in the evolutionary history of how fish evolved into humans,” Zhu said.
12. In which column of a magazine will you most probably read the passage?
A. Your Voice. B. Animals.
C. Science Study. D. History.
13. Why did the findings draw a large amount of interest in the science world?
A. Because jaws are a key trait of all vertebrate species.
B. Because jaws are significant in animal evolution.
C Because the rise of the jaw had been a mystery.
D. Because there is a lack of sufficient evidence.
14. What does the underlined phrase “at that time” refer to?
A. Around 440 million years ago.
B. Around 450 million years ago.
C. When jawed fish began to spread around the world.
D. When fish evolved into humans.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Who Are Our Ancestors? B. What Came Before Apes?
C. The Origin of the Jaw D. Key Gaps in Evolution
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了中国科学家发现的下颚化石有助于帮助我们更好的理解人类从鱼类进化而来的历史。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段第四句“Chinese scientists have discovered fossils that could enrich the evolutionary story of how humans evolved from fish.”（中国科学家发现了一些化石，有助于丰富有关人类从鱼类进化而来的进化故事）并结合全文可知，主要介绍的是人类早期的进化研究，属于科学研究的范围。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“the findings drew a large amount of interest in the science world due to the importance of jaws in animal evolution.”（这些发现引起了科学家的极大兴趣，因为下颚在动物进化中有非常重要的作用。）可知，这些发现引起科学家的兴趣是因为下颚在进化中的重要作用。故选B项。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“The fish fossils were discovered at two sites in Chongqing and Guizhou, whose strata (岩层) date back to the Silurian Period that began around 440 million years ago.”（在重庆和贵州的两个地方发现了鱼化石，这两个地方的岩层可以追溯到志留纪，大概4.4亿年前。）可知，“at that time”指的是大概4.4亿年前。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第三句和第四句“But what came before apes? Chinese scientists have discovered fossils that could enrich the evolutionary story of how humans evolved from fish.”（在猿猴之前是什么呢？中国科学家发现了一些化石，有助于丰富有关人类从鱼类进化而来的进化故事。）并结合全文可知，主要介绍了中国科学家发现了一些下颚化石，有助于更好的理解人类早期的进化。这些进化都是发生在类人猿之前的历史。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I believe almost everyone would like two things from their jobs and careers: success and happiness. They want to do relatively well financially, receive fair recognition for their accomplishments, enjoy their work as much as one can, and become happier as a person as a result. So many people, especially ambitious, hard-working people, simplify them in a logical way: They first seek success and then assume that success will lead to happiness. ____16____. Chasing success has costs that can end up lowering happiness.
This is not to say that you have to choose between success and happiness. ____17____. But you have to reverse (颠倒) the order of operations: Instead of trying first to get success and hoping it leads to happiness, start by working on your happiness, which will enhance your success.
Whether you are an employee or employer, it is a better investment to increase happiness at work and in life, rather than simply trying to increase measures of success.
____18____. No matter how much you enjoy your work, overwork will become an obstruction (阻碍) to well-being.
Once work quantity is under control, happiness at work requires a sense of meaning and purpose. ____19____. Earned success implies a sense of accomplishment and recognition for a job well done, while service to others requires knowledge of the real people who benefit from your work.
Ultimately, although success and happiness are linked, the magic mostly works one-way — and not in the way that most people think. ____20____, and may lead you to unhappiness. But working on your happiness. gives you the best chance at getting both.
A. You can obtain both
B. But this reasoning is faulty
C. It’s fairly reasonable to think this way, though
D. Working on your success to get happier is inefficient at best (充其量)
E. The first thing to remember is that happiness requires balance
F. It’s dangerous to pursue success instead of happiness
G. The two key aspects of meaningful work are earned success and service to others
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. E 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。说明了成功和快乐的关系并非非此即彼，而是互为补充，要处理好二者关系。
【16题详解】
上文“They first seek success and then assume that success will lead to happiness.”（他们首先追求成功，然后便认为成功将会带来快乐。）说明了一些人的逻辑，与下文“Chasing success has costs that can end up lowering happiness.”（追求成功的代价可能是最终降低幸福感。）是对立的关系，说明上文的逻辑是错误的。B项“But this reasoning is faulty”（但是这种逻辑是错误的）承上启下，符合题意。故选B项。
【17题详解】
上文“This is not to say that you have to choose between success and happiness.”（这并不是说你不得不在成功与快乐之间做出选择。）说明成功和快乐并不是矛盾的，是可以兼得的。故A项“You can obtain both”（你可以二者兼得。）符合题意。故选A项。
【18题详解】
下文“No matter how much you enjoy your work, overwork will become an obstruction (阻碍) to well-being.”（无论你多么喜欢你的工作，超时工作都会变成快乐生活的阻碍。）说明快乐来自于喜欢，但要懂得适度和平衡，否则再喜欢的工作也会变成阻碍。与E项“The first thing to remember is that happiness requires balance”（要记住的第一件事就是快乐需要平衡）句意契合。故选E项。
【19题详解】
下文“Earned success implies a sense of accomplishment and recognition for a job well done, while service to others requires knowledge of the real people who benefit from your work.”（获得成功意味着成就感和对出色工作的认可，而服务他人意味着需要了解那些从你的工作中受益的人。）说明了“Earned success ”和“service to others”两方面的内容，与G项“The two key aspects of meaningful work are earned success and service to others”（有意义的工作的两个关键就是获得的成功和对他人的服务。）中两个关键一致。故选G项。
【20题详解】
下文“and may lead you to unhappiness”（可能会导致你不快乐）说明前面的事情是消极不好的做法。结合下句“But working on your happiness. gives you the best chance at getting both.”（但是致力于快乐，你会有机会二者兼得。）可知，前面的做法是与其相反的。故D项“Working on your success to get happier is inefficient at best”（致力于成功而得到的快乐是远远不够的。）符合题意。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I am a guide at the California Academy of Sciences. Weeks ago I was ____21____ with a lovely family at the Academy’s Swamp exhibit. Their young son was ____22____ by the swallow and asked many questions about it. As the family was leaving, I asked the boy if he would like a sticker to put on his shirt. He ____23____ chose a swallow sticker. The boy’s younger brother spent time ____24____ all the sticker choices before choosing a butterfly. The boy who had chosen first said softly to his father, “I didn’t see the frog sticker.” His father immediately ____25____ the boy to ask me for a second sticker. The boy said, “No, I’m happy with what I have.”
I was ____26____. Such wisdom, grace, and ____27____, all from an eight-year-old boy. Too often, we ____28____ to be happy with what we have and in our forgetfulness we spread the ____29____ of discontent.
I recently purchased my first laptop computer. In discussions with the ____30____, he said, “Within two years, you’ll probably want a new one anyway.” Why would I want a new one, ____31____ my old one was working? Perhaps, “____32____” is the key word. I won’t ____33____ need a new laptop in two years but I “will probably want one”. I may want ____34____ things, but I don’t need them. What I do desperately need is the peace of mind. I need to ____35____ each of my sudden urges to purchase or possess as either “want” or “need”.
21. A. seeing B. visiting C. leaving D. staying
22. A. trapped B. called C. stuck D. fascinated
23. A. quickly B. slowly C. deliberately D. casually
24. A. going about B. going by C. going for D. going through
25. A. demanded B. suggested C. urged D. persuaded
26. A. satisfied B. astonished C. pleased D. thrilled
27. A. gratitude B. patience C. concentration D. respect
28. A. used B. tried C. pretended D. forgot
29. A. concept B. assumption C. infection D. lie
30. A. cashier B. host C. salesman D. waiter
31. A. if B. for C. but D. besides
32. A. need B. want C. hope D. mind
33. A. obviously B. specially C. simply D. necessarily
34. A. spare B. suitable C. shiny D. similar
35. A. recognize B. identify C. prove D. access
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者通过小男孩买贴纸一事，懂得了知足并且能为所拥有的东西感到高兴的故事，最后论述了想要和需要的区别。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周前，我和一个可爱的家庭一起参观了学院的沼泽展览。A. seeing看到；B. visiting参观；C. leaving离开；D. staying留下。根据上文“I am a guide at the California Academy of Sciences.(我是加州科学院的导游)”和本句中的“exhibit(展览)”一词可知，作者陪这家人参观学院的沼泽展览，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的小儿子对燕子很着迷，并问了很多关于它的问题。A. trapped困住；B. called叫；C. stuck卡住；D. fascinated着迷。根据下文“asked many questions about it.(问了很多问题)”可知，是因为对燕子很着迷，才问很多关于它的问题，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他快速选了一个燕子贴纸。A. quickly快速地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. deliberately故意地；D. casually随意地。根据上文“As the family was leaving(当一家人离开时)”以及“Their young son was fascinated by the swallow(他们的小儿子对燕子着迷)”可知，在这一家人快要离开时他们的小儿子快速地选择了自己着迷的燕子贴纸。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：男孩的弟弟在选择蝴蝶贴纸之前花时间浏览了所有的贴纸选择。A. going about四处走动；B. going by流逝；过去 C. going for争取得到；D. going through浏览。根据“all the sticker choices before choosing a butterfly. ”可知，男孩在选择蝴蝶贴纸前花时间浏览了所有的贴纸。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲立即催促男孩向我要第二张贴纸。A. demanded要求；B. suggested建议；C. urged敦促；D. persuaded说服。从本句中的“immediately(立即)”及小男孩一家人要离开可知，小男孩父亲会催促小男孩向作者要贴纸。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶。A. satisfied满意的；B. astonished惊讶的；C. pleased高兴的；D. thrilled激动的。根据下文“Such wisdom, grace(这种智慧、优雅)”和“all from an eight-year-old boy(都来自一个八岁的男孩。)”可知作者是惊讶于一个小男孩所拥有的品质。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种智慧、优雅和感激，都来自一个八岁的男孩。A. gratitude感恩；B. patience耐心；C. concentration专注；D. respect尊重。根据上文“I’m happy with what I have.(我对我所拥有的很满意)”可知小男孩知足常乐，而作者对小男孩感恩的品质很欣赏。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们常常忘记对自己所拥有的感到快乐，在健忘中，我们传播了不满的感染。A. used用；B. tried试，努力；C. pretended假装；D. forgot忘记。根据下文关键词“forgetfulness(健忘)”可知，此处为忘记。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们常常忘记对自己所拥有的感到快乐，在健忘中，我们传播了不满的感染。A. concept概念；B. assumption假设；C. infection感染；D. lie谎言。根据“spread”推知，是传播了不满的感染，即带动周围的人对自己所拥有的感到不满。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在与销售人员的讨论中，他说“两年之内，你可能想要一个新的。”A. cashier收银员；B. host主持人；C. salesman销售员；D. waiter服务员。由前文“I recently purchased my first laptop computer.(我最近购买了我的第一台笔记本电脑。)”可知，作者是去购买电脑，能与作者讨论的肯定是售货员，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查连词和介词词义辨析。句意：如果我的旧设备正常工作，我为什么要一个新的？A. if如果；B. for为了；C. but但是；D. besides除此以外。根据本句前半句“Why would I want a new one(为什么我要一个新的)”以及下文“I won’t ____13____ need a new laptop in two years(两年内不需要新电脑)”可知，此处作者想表达的是如果自己的设备正常工作就不需要新的，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许，“想要”是关键词。A. need需要；B. want想要；C. hope希望；D. mind介意。根据前文“Why would I want a new one(为什么我要一个新的)”可知此处作者要表达“想要”这个词是关键。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我两年内不一定需要一台新笔记本电脑但我“可能会想要一台”。A. obviously显而易见地；B. specially尤其，特别地；C. simply仅仅；D. necessarily必要地。由语境可知，作者两年内不一定需要，但是可能想要一台新电脑，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我可能想要闪亮的东西，但我不需要它们。A. spare备用的；B. suitable合适的；C. shiny闪亮的；D. similar类似的。结合上文可知，此处“闪亮的东西”指代新东西，即作者可能想要新东西，但事实上并不需要“它（们）”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要将我突然购买或拥有的每一次冲动确定为“想要”或“需要”。A. recognize认出；B. identify识别；C. prove证明；D. access访问。根据语境及作者想要表达的想要和需要的区别，作者在购物前需要识别自己是想要还是需要。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Going against the tide of flocking to well-known yet generally jam-packed tourist destinations on vacation, a ____36____ (grow) number of holidaymakers in China tend to spend their leisure time at lesser-known resorts to seek unique, relaxing holiday experiences.
In recent years reverse tourism ____37____ (emerge) as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China. During the weeklong public holiday, which ended on Oct 7, large numbers of vacationers, especially young professionals who long to escape busy city life, ____38____ (avoid) popular holiday destinations in order to get the beaten track and enjoy some peace and quiet. According to data from online travel agency Qunar, the number of rooms ____39____ (book) at hotels in less-traveled cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year. Besides crowds, some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save on the cost of trips to popular destinations, ____40____ often involve expensive tickets, meals and hotel stays. In addition, lesser-known attractions are not ____41____ “commercial” and “standardized” as developed ones and are able to offer more authentic experiences and natural encounters, according to social media posts. And ____42____ (like) popular destinations, some underexplored places with little online ____43____ (expose) can offer more surprises.
Jiang Han, ____44____ senior researcher at the Beijing-based public policy think tank Pangoal, said that reverse tourism will become one of the future directions for the market _____45_____ is an opportunity for growth comparable to the camping economy.
【答案】36. growing
37. has emerged
38. avoided
39. booked 40. which
41. as##so 42. unlike
43. exposure
44. a 45. and
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍的是越来越多的中国度假者倾向于将休闲的时间花在不太知名的度假胜地，这种反向旅游成为中国年轻度假者选择的一种新趋势。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：随着人们涌向著名但普遍拥挤的旅游目的地度假的潮流，越来越多的中国度假者倾向于把休闲时间花在不太知名的度假胜地，以寻求独特的、放松的度假体验。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词growing (增加的、增长的)作定语修饰number。故填growing。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：近年来，反向旅游已成为中国年轻度假者的一种新趋势。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据时间状语in recent years可知，此处应使用现在完成时态，谓语动词emerge与主语reverse tourism之间为主动关系，且主语是单数，谓语单数形式。故填has emerged。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：在10月7日结束的为期一周的公共假期期间，大量的度假者，尤其是那些渴望逃离繁忙的城市生活的年轻专业人士，避开了热门的度假目的地，去享受一些宁静。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，句子主语为vacationers，根据上文中的“During the weeklong public holiday, which ended on Oct 7”可知，此处应为一般过去时态，且该处与主语之间为主动关系。故填avoided。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：根据在线旅行社去哪儿网的数据，假日期间在游客较少的城市的酒店预订的房间数量同比增长了30%。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词rooms，book与rooms之间为被动关系，结合句意可知，此处表示的动作已经发生，所以使用过去分词形式。故填booked。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：除了人群，一些度假者选择了一些较少去的地方，以节省去热门目的地的费用，这通常包括昂贵的机票、餐饮和酒店住宿。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是the cost of trips，指物，用关系代词which。故填which。
【41题详解】
考查固定结构。句意：此外，据社交媒体上的帖子显示，不太为人所知的景点不像开发的那样“商业”和“标准化”，能够提供更真实的体验和自然的接触。分析句子结构可知，此处考查的是“...as+形容词/副词原级+as...”结构，意为“和……一样……”，其中第一个as用于否定句时也可以使用so。故填as/so。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：与热门目的地不同，一些开发不足、很少在网上曝光的地方可以提供更多的惊喜。分析句子结构可知，此处应为介词，结合句意可知，此处表示“与……不同”应为unlike。故填unlike。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：与热门目的地不同，一些开发不足、很少在网上曝光的地方可以提供更多的惊喜。此空前为形容词，所以此处应填名词，expose的名词为exposure意为“曝光，接触”，且为不可数名词。故填exposure。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：北京公共政策Pangoal智库的高级研究员Jiang Han表示，反向旅游将成为市场的未来方向之一，是一个与露营经济相媲美的增长机会。分析句子结构可知，此空所在的短语为同位语，对前面的名词Jiang Han进行解释说明，空后researcher为可数名词单数，且为泛指，被解释对象Jiang Han为一个高级研究员，所以填不定冠词，空后形容词senior首字母为辅音。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：北京公共政策Pangoal智库的高级研究员姜汉表示，反向旅游将成为市场的未来方向之一，是一个与露营经济相媲美的增长机会。分析句子结构可知，此处需填连词连接两个句子，结合句意可知，空前句子与空后的句子之间为并列关系。故填and。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，近期你收到“Z世代国际青年说(Voice Z)”节目组邀请为其“文化”板块录制一个演讲视频，请你给节目联络人Emma写一封信商讨相关事宜，内容包括：
1. 感谢邀请;
2. 告知演讲话题并说明原因;
3. 期待回信。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Emma,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Emma,
Thank you for inviting me to do a video speech for the Culture Column of the Z Era International Youth Talk Program
Referring to the topic, I’d like to talk about the generation gap. It is a common phenomenon exiting everywhere between parents and children, which results in misunderstandings between loved ones. I will discuss the harm of it and recommend some ways to solve it.
If you have any requirements, please contact me. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给“Z世代国际青年说(Voice Z)”节目联络人Emma写一封信商讨为其“文化”板块录制一个演讲视频，表示感谢并告知演讲话题和说明原因。
【详解】1.词汇积累
谈及：refer to→ in terms of
引起：result in→ cause
谈论：talk about→ discuss
介绍：recommend→ introduce
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I will talk about the harm of it and recommend some ways to solve it.
拓展句：I will talk about the harm of it and recommend some ways that people can use to solve it.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It is a common phenomenon exiting everywhere between parents and children, which results in misunderstandings between loved ones.（运用了现在分词短语作定语以及which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】If you have any requirements, please contact me.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Over the summer I moved from Texas to Missouri. This was my second year of high school, but my first year of school in Missouri. I was really nervous about starting a new school and having people like me. I decided that I would be much happier in a new school if I made friends that were so-called “popular”. Getting in with the right group of people would make my life a whole lot better. I bought a new outfit so the first day would be perfect.
On the first day of school, scared, yet eager to begin my new life, I walked up the stairs. My first class was geometry, but where was that? I was standing in the hall looking confused, when a short, blond girl wearing glasses came up and asked, “Are you new? You look lost. Do you want me to help you find your class? My name is Diane. What’s yours?” Even though she seemed a bit strange, definitely not the kind of person I wanted to be associated with, I decided to answer her anyway. I was, after all, lost.
After exchanging names, I followed her up the stairs and down a hallway on the right. When we reached my room she said, “Well, here you are. It was nice meeting you. I hope I see you again and your day goes all right.”
I said a quick thank-you and waved good-bye. Once inside the classroom, I saw one big group of people huddled around someone who seemed to be telling some sort of story. I walked over and got close enough to overhear. All eyes were glued to the guy in the middle of the circle. I decided that this guy was popular.
A few minutes later the teacher told everyone to go find a seat and get ready for the class. I managed to get one right next to the guy. I said, “Hi, my name is April and I’m new here.” He said coldly, “Hi, I’m Johnny.” That class dragged on and on. Finally, the bell rang. I turned to him and asked, “I’m not sure where my next class is, could you help me find it?” He looked at me and then said a quick no, turned back to his friends, and walked out of the classroom.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As they were walking out, I heard they were all laughing at me.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Before I was ready to go home, I heard a familiar voice calling my name.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 As they were walking out, I heard they were all laughing at me. Their shrill laughing let me blush with shame. I felt so embarrassed that I couldn’t do anything but sit there, keeping my body unmoved and holding back my tears. What I wanted to do is just to make friends with them. I couldn’t figure out why they laughed at me. But one thing was certain, that is, I must removed myself from their presence. Therefore, I wasn’t ready to leave until they walked far away.
Before I was ready to go home I heard a familiar voice calling my name. I felt very strange since I was new here without making any friends. Turning around, I saw Diane who came up to me with a warm smile on her face. She said she would walk together with me. What a kind and friendly girl she was, I thought. I was deeply moved so that I left all my embarrassment and sadness behind. On our way home, we talked a lot and I was surprised to find we had a lot in common. I also realized the true meaning of a friend.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者进入新学校第一天的迷茫与困惑。作者一开始找不到教室，一个名叫戴安娜的女孩主动提供帮助并带领他找到了教室，但作者却不想与戴安娜交朋友。之后在教室遇到非常受欢迎的约翰尼，作者向其寻求帮助，却被无情的拒绝。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①.由第一段首句内容“当他们走出去的时候，我听到他们都在嘲笑我”可知，第一段可描写作者听到嘲笑之后的心理状态及情绪表现。
②.由第二段首句内容“在我准备回家之前，我听到一个熟悉的声音在喊我的名字。”可知，第二段可描写作者听到声音之后的反应及作者的感想。
2.续写线索：被嘲笑——尴尬——伤心——听到熟悉的声音——感动——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.抑制眼泪：hold back my tears/retain my tears
②.接近，靠近：come up/approach
③.一起走路：walk together/accompany him/keep him company
情绪类
①.感动：be moved/be touched
②.悲伤：sadness/sorrow
【点睛】【高分句型1】What I wanted to do is just to make friends with them.（使用了what引导的主语从句）
【高分句型2】Turning around, I saw Diane who came up to me with a warm smile on her face. （使用了现在分词作状语，及who引导的定语从句）
听力答案：1-5 CBABC 6-10 CACBA 11-15 BCACB 16-20 CABCA
2022学年第一学期高三模拟考试试题
英语
本试卷共8页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力(共两节20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where could the man find Stella?
A. In her office. B. In the library. C. In the meeting room.
2. What did the man do last weekend?
A. He attended a party.
B. He had a picnic with his friends.
C. He went to the park with his sister.
3. How did the woman feel about the interview?
A. Confident. B. Excited. C. Worried.
4. What does the man remind the woman to do?
A. Have a rest after lunch. B. Wear her hat. C. Go swimming before a meal.
5. What does the woman mean?
A. The man is not suitable for the position.
B. The application arrived a week earlier than expected.
C. The job has been given to someone else.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A photograph. B. A video. C. A painting.
7. Where did the man’s idea come from?
A. The autumn scenery. B. A village trip. C. A visit to downtown.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does Dick go to Paris?
A. To further his study. B. To go on business. C. To have his holiday.
9. Who will go to the airport with the speakers?
A. Ben. B. Lucy. C. Their mother.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the evening. B. In the afternoon. C. In the morning.
11. What happened to the man?
A. He had a car accident on his way home.
B. He was stuck in traffic jams.
C. He felt ill in his office.
12. Where are the speakers?
A. At a restaurant. B. In an office. C. At home.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. When did the woman last see Harold?
A. At eight o’clock early this morning.
B. At eleven o’clock this morning.
C. At four o’clock this afternoon.
14. Why did Harold run away according to the woman?
A. She quarreled with Harold.
B. She scolded Harold.
C. She hit Harold with a stick.
15. What is the man confused about?
A. Harold’s age. B. Harold’s height. C. Harold’s appearance.
16. What does the woman say about Harold?
A. He is six years old.
B. He has the same surname as her husband.
C. He is dark brown.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does the school forbid students from doing?
A. Wearing earrings. B. Wearing grey socks. C. Using mobile phones.
18. Who puts forward the topic of the mobile phone?
A. Parents. B. Senior students. C. Teachers.
19. What changes have been made about PE uniform?
A. Different grades wear different uniforms.
B. Students should wear PE uniform every day.
C. Students can wear other clothes instead of shorts when it is cold.
20. What is the purpose of the talk?
A. To explain the dos and don’ts.
B. To persuade students to obey the rules.
C. To ask students for advice about the rules.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Lonely Planet’s Middle East is your passport to the most relevant, up-to-date advice on what to see and skip, and what hidden discoveries await you. Wander at the mighty Pyramids of Giza, the last surviving ancient wonder; watch the sun set over the magic of Petra; and explore tree-lined avenue and delicate mosques(清真寺) in Esfahan, Iran. All with your trusted travel companion. Get to the heart of Middle East and begin your journey now!
Inside Lonely Planet’s Middle East:
● Colour maps and images throughout
● Insider tips to save time and money and get around like a local avoiding crowds and trouble spots
● Essential info at your fingertips — hours of operation, phone numbers, websites, transit tips. prices
● Honest reviews for all budgets — eating, sleeping, sightseeing, going out, shopping, hidden gems(精品) hat most guidebooks miss
● Cultural insights provide a richer, more rewarding travel experience — covering history, people, music, landscapes, wildlife, cuisine, politics
Coverage Includes: Egypt Iraq, Israel, the Palestinian Territories, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
Book Details
ISBN: 9781786570710
Writers: Anthony Ham, Paul Clammer, Orlando Crowcroft, Mark Elliott, Anita Isalska, Jessica Lee, Virginia Maxwell, Simon Richmond, Daniel Robinson, Anthony Sattin, Dan Savery Raz, Andy Symington, Jenny Walker, Steve Waters
608 pages, 256pp color, 90 maps | Dimensions: 128mm×197mm
Next edition due: Dec 2024
1. What information can readers get from Lonely Planet’s Middle East?
A. Black-and-white maps. B. Recommendation of popular guidebooks.
C. Famous writers’ cultural insights. D. Reviews for all budgets.
2. What places does Lonely Planet’s Middle East cover?
A. Jordan and Syria. B. Lebanon and France.
C. Turkey and Japan. D. Israel and Norway.
3. What’s the purpose of the text?
A. To introduce some famous attractions in Middle East.
B. To appeal to us to travel to Middle East.
C. To recommend a book named Middle East.
D. To stress the importance of traveling in Middle East.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了Middle East这本书的一些具体信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。Inside Lonely Planet’s Middle East这一部分中第四点“Honest reviews for all budgets — eating, sleeping, sightseeing, going out, shopping, hidden gems(精品) hat most guidebooks miss (对所有预算的诚实评论——吃饭、睡觉、观光、外出、购物、大多数指南书都遗漏的隐藏的精品)”可知，Middle East这本书可以给读者提供前往中东的预算信息。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第六段“Coverage Includes: Egypt, Iraq, Israel, the Palestinian Territories, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey(覆盖范围包括：埃及，伊拉克，以色列，巴勒斯坦领土，约旦，黎巴嫩，叙利亚，土耳其)”可知，这本书包括约旦和叙利亚。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一句“Lonely Planet’s Middle East is your passport to the most relevant, up-to-date advice on what to see and skip, and what hidden discoveries await you(Lonely Planet’s Middle East是您获取最相关、最新建议的通行证，为你提供最相关、最新的建议，告诉你该看什么、不看什么，以及有什么隐藏的发现等着你)”可推知，本文是在介绍Middle East这本书。故选C。
B
The twins, Kayla and Kellie Bingham, were accused of “academic dishonesty” in May 2016 after test proctors (监考员) reviewed the results of an exam on which their performance was considered to be remarkably similar. The sisters’ identical answers to 296 of 307 questions, including 54 wrong answers, raised alarm bells among university officials, who launched an investigation into the twins’ performance.
“It was an eight-hour exam during which we exhibited normal test-taking behavior,” Kayla Bingham said.
The Binghams successfully appealed against the decision and filed a lawsuit (起诉) against the university, arguing that for years they had behaved and performed similarly academically and in athletics. After a four-day trial in November, a South Carolina jury (陪审团) decided the school had wronged the sisters and awarded them a total of $1.5 million in damages.
The Binghams’ legal case depended on the theory that it is common for identical twins to perform similarly on tests given their genetic profiles. Nancy Segal, who runs California State University, Fullerton’s Twin Studies Center and who testified in the case, said, “I would have been surprised if they hadn’t scored alike.”
In their suit, the Binghams said the cheating allegations (指控) led to their experiencing psychological distress, including panic attacks and stress disorder.
“It was a very hostile environment. People we had known, sat next to and studied with for two years would not speak to us,” Kellie Bingham told CBS. “They knew our work ethic (道德准则) and study habits but refused to hear our side of the story. People we trusted completely turned their backs on us.”
The university’s accusation and the events that followed also interfered with the Binghams’ plans to become doctors. The two now work as government affairs advisers at the same South Carolina law firm. “We came to understand that once word gets out, even if it’s not accurate, it damages your reputation as a person. So we completely switched tracks,” Kayla said, adding that she “wanted to fight back because I had been wronged.”
4. Why were the twins accused of cheating in the exam?
A. They did a good job in the test.
B. They exhibited abnormal test-taking behavior.
C. They were seen signaling one another and passing notes.
D. They had remarkably similar test performance.
5. What can be learned from paragraph 3 and 4?
A. The Binghams at last lost the lawsuit against the university.
B. Nancy Segal was not satisfied with the jury’s decision.
C. The jury’s decision was based on a theory about identical twins.
D. This was the first time that the Binghams had scored alike.
6. What attitude do people have towards the twins after the cheating allegations?
A. Approving. B. Suspicious. C. Objective. D. Tolerant.
7. What influence does the university’s accusation have on the twins?
A. They will stick to being a doctor and helping those suffering people.
B. They’ve decided to become advisors instead of doctors.
C. Their reputation has been damaged so they can’t be doctors.
D. They’ve handled it very well and are in a good mental state.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道一对双胞胎凯拉和凯莉·宾厄姆被指控“学术不诚实”，对此大学进行这对双胞胎的表现展开了调查，这一做法最后被法院裁定冤枉了这对姐妹，并判学校给予她们150万美元的赔偿，此事对这对双胞胎产生了很大的影响。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段中的“The sisters’ identical answers to 296 of 307 questions, including 54 wrong answers, raised alarm bells among university officials, who launched an investigation into the twins’ performance.(这对姐妹在307个问题中有296个答案完全相同，包括54个错误答案，这引起了大学官员的警惕，他们对双胞胎的表现展开了调查。)”可知，她们的测试结果极其相似是这对双胞胎被指控考试作弊的原因。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的尾句“After a four-day trial in November, a South Carolina jury (陪审团) decided the school had wronged the sisters and awarded them a total of $1.5 million in damages.(去年11月，经过为期四天的审判，南卡罗来纳州的一个陪审团裁定学校冤枉了这对姐妹，并判给她们总共150万美元的赔偿金。)”和第四段的首句“The Binghams’ legal case depended on the theory that it is common for identical twins to perform similarly on tests given their genetic profiles.(宾厄姆姐妹的诉讼依据的理论是，考虑到他们的基因特征，同卵双胞胎在测试中表现相似是很常见的。)”可知，陪审团的判定结果是基于同卵双胞胎的理论。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“‘It was a very hostile environment. People we had known, sat next to and studied with for two years would not speak to us,’ Kellie Bingham told CBS. ‘They knew our work ethic (道德准则) and study habits but refused to hear our side of the story. People we trusted completely turned their backs on us.’(“当时的环境非常恶劣。我们认识的人，坐在我们旁边的人，和我们一起学习了两年的人都不和我们说话，”凯利·宾厄姆在接受CBS采访时表示。“他们知道我们的职业道德和学习习惯，但拒绝听我们的说法。我们信任的人完全背弃了我们。”)”可知，在被指控作弊后，人们对这对姐妹充满了不信任。故选B项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据尾段中的“The university’s accusation and the events that followed also interfered with the Binghams’ plans to become doctors. The two now work as government affairs advisers at the same South Carolina law firm.(大学的指控和随后发生的事件也干扰了宾厄姆姐妹成为医生的计划。两人现在在南卡罗来纳州同一家律师事务所担任政府事务顾问。)”可知。大学的无端指控让两人最后决定在律师事务所从事政府事务顾问工作，而不是做医生。故选B项。
C
In a video posted Thursday addressing the future of her world tour, Céline Dion shared she’s been diagnosed with Stiff Person Syndrome (僵人综合征), or SPS, which has caused her to have severe muscle spasms (痉挛) in the past. And she will have to postpone much of her tour, as well as cancel some shows.
“The muscle spasms affect every aspect of my daily life, sometimes causing difficulties when I walk and not allowing me to use my vocal cords (声带) to sing the way I’m used to.” Dion said in the video posted on Instagram.
Stiff Person Syndrome is a rare neurological (神经系统的) disorder with features of an autoimmune (自体免疫的) disease. The disease notably causes progressive muscle stiffness and painful spasms that can be triggered by environmental factors such as sudden movement, cold temperature or unexpected loud noises and emotional stress.
“We all have muscle spasms, but these are muscle spasms that are beyond your control to the point that muscles lock and are so rigid.” Dr. Robert Wilson, a neurologist and the director of the Autonomic Center at the Cleveland Clinic, told USA TODAY.
These symptoms can lead to difficulty walking, among other disabilities. People with SPS are also more likely to experience anxiety and depression, Yale Medicine notes.
Of course, SPS symptoms can range significantly and every patient’s experience is unique. “It’s a range of severity.” Desai says.
“Some people have mild spasms. Some people can have the full dystonia where a part of the body becomes almost like rigid to a board or like a statue.…And some people can be constant while some people could just have episodes,” Wilson said. “There’s a variability within each patient.”
The exact cause remains unknown. However, researchers suspect it may be caused by an autoimmune reaction. Until now, there is no cure for it. But there are treatments to help relieve symptoms. SPS can be terminal in rare cases. “It’s a rare disease to begin with. And there are cases of death being reported, but it’s rare for a rare disease,” Desai said.
8. How does the disease affect Céline Dion?
A. She always has difficult walks.
B. She can’t speak nor sing songs.
C. She experiences depression.
D. Some shows have to be rescheduled or cancelled.
9. The underlined word “dystonia” in paragraph 7 means a condition characterized by ______.
A. rigidity B. range C. gentleness D. variability
10. What might cause Stiff Person Syndrome according to researchers?
A. Environmental factors. B. Emotional stress.
C. Autoimmune reactions. D. Unknown reasons.
11. What can we learn about the disease?
A. Every patient has the same symptoms.
B. The disease just causes muscle rigidity and spasms.
C. The disease is deadly in many cases without a cure.
D. The disease can affect patients both physically and mentally.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了僵人综合征的一些症状及疾病的可能成因。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“And she will have to postpone much of her tour, as well as cancel some shows.(她不得不推迟许多巡演，并取消了一些演出)”可知，该疾病让Céline Dion不得不重新安排或取消她的演出。故选D项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“where a part of the body becomes almost like rigid to a board or like a statue(在这种情况下，身体的一部分就像固定在木板上或者像雕像一样)”可知，一些身体部分出现了完全僵硬的状态。由此推知，划线词dystonia与rigidity(僵硬)意思接近。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“However, researchers suspect it may be caused by an autoimmune reaction.(然而，研究人员怀疑它可能是由自身免疫反应引起的)”可知，根据研究人员的说法，自身免疫反应可能导致了僵人综合征。故选C项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“These symptoms can lead to difficulty walking, among other disabilities. People with SPS are also more likely to experience anxiety and depression, Yale Medicine notes.(耶鲁医学院指出，这些症状会导致行走困难和其他能力缺陷，僵人综合征的病人更可能会经历焦虑和抑郁)”可知，该疾病会影响病人的身心健康。故选D项。
D
Humans evolved from apes. This is what we learned in biology class. But what came before apes? Chinese scientists have discovered fossils that could enrich the evolutionary story of how humans evolved from fish.
According to four articles published in the journal Nature in late September, Chinese researchers found fish fossils that provide the “missing link” about the origin of the jaw, a key feature that 99.8 percent of vertebrate (脊椎动物) species have.
Zhu Min, a lead researcher of the studies from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that the findings drew a large amount of interest in the science world due to the importance of jaws in animal evolution.
However, the rise of the jaw had been a mystery due to a lack of sufficient fossil evidence to support that jawed vertebrates lived 450 million years ago.
The latest findings made by Zhu’s team presented a set of five surprisingly well-preserved fish fossils that included three whole-bodied fish, helping scientists paint a more accurate evolutionary picture of the origin of the jaw. The fish fossils were discovered at two sites in Chongqing and Guizhou, whose strata (岩层) date back to the Silurian Period that began around 440 million years ago.
These fossils show that jawed fish were already thriving (繁荣) in the world’s ancient oceans at that time. Later on, more diverse and larger jawed fish evolved and began to spread around the world, paving the way for some fish to eventually go on land and evolve into other animals — including humans.
“These fossils provide an unprecedented (前所未有的) opportunity to peek into the ‘dawn of fish’ and help scientists trace many human body structures back to these ancient fish thus filling some key gaps in the evolutionary history of how fish evolved into humans,” Zhu said.
12. In which column of a magazine will you most probably read the passage?
A. Your Voice. B. Animals.
C. Science Study. D. History.
13. Why did the findings draw a large amount of interest in the science world?
A. Because jaws are a key trait of all vertebrate species.
B. Because jaws are significant in animal evolution.
C Because the rise of the jaw had been a mystery.
D. Because there is a lack of sufficient evidence.
14. What does the underlined phrase “at that time” refer to?
A. Around 440 million years ago.
B. Around 450 million years ago.
C. When jawed fish began to spread around the world.
D. When fish evolved into humans.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Who Are Our Ancestors? B. What Came Before Apes?
C. The Origin of the Jaw D. Key Gaps in Evolution
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了中国科学家发现的下颚化石有助于帮助我们更好的理解人类从鱼类进化而来的历史。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段第四句“Chinese scientists have discovered fossils that could enrich the evolutionary story of how humans evolved from fish.”（中国科学家发现了一些化石，有助于丰富有关人类从鱼类进化而来的进化故事）并结合全文可知，主要介绍的是人类早期的进化研究，属于科学研究的范围。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“the findings drew a large amount of interest in the science world due to the importance of jaws in animal evolution.”（这些发现引起了科学家的极大兴趣，因为下颚在动物进化中有非常重要的作用。）可知，这些发现引起科学家的兴趣是因为下颚在进化中的重要作用。故选B项。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“The fish fossils were discovered at two sites in Chongqing and Guizhou, whose strata (岩层) date back to the Silurian Period that began around 440 million years ago.”（在重庆和贵州的两个地方发现了鱼化石，这两个地方的岩层可以追溯到志留纪，大概4.4亿年前。）可知，“at that time”指的是大概4.4亿年前。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第三句和第四句“But what came before apes? Chinese scientists have discovered fossils that could enrich the evolutionary story of how humans evolved from fish.”（在猿猴之前是什么呢？中国科学家发现了一些化石，有助于丰富有关人类从鱼类进化而来的进化故事。）并结合全文可知，主要介绍了中国科学家发现了一些下颚化石，有助于更好的理解人类早期的进化。这些进化都是发生在类人猿之前的历史。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I believe almost everyone would like two things from their jobs and careers: success and happiness. They want to do relatively well financially, receive fair recognition for their accomplishments, enjoy their work as much as one can, and become happier as a person as a result. So many people, especially ambitious, hard-working people, simplify them in a logical way: They first seek success and then assume that success will lead to happiness. ____16____. Chasing success has costs that can end up lowering happiness.
This is not to say that you have to choose between success and happiness. ____17____. But you have to reverse (颠倒) the order of operations: Instead of trying first to get success and hoping it leads to happiness, start by working on your happiness, which will enhance your success.
Whether you are an employee or employer, it is a better investment to increase happiness at work and in life, rather than simply trying to increase measures of success.
____18____. No matter how much you enjoy your work, overwork will become an obstruction (阻碍) to well-being.
Once work quantity is under control, happiness at work requires a sense of meaning and purpose. ____19____. Earned success implies a sense of accomplishment and recognition for a job well done, while service to others requires knowledge of the real people who benefit from your work.
Ultimately, although success and happiness are linked, the magic mostly works one-way — and not in the way that most people think. ____20____, and may lead you to unhappiness. But working on your happiness. gives you the best chance at getting both.
A. You can obtain both
B. But this reasoning is faulty
C. It’s fairly reasonable to think this way, though
D. Working on your success to get happier is inefficient at best (充其量)
E. The first thing to remember is that happiness requires balance
F. It’s dangerous to pursue success instead of happiness
G. The two key aspects of meaningful work are earned success and service to others
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. E 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。说明了成功和快乐的关系并非非此即彼，而是互为补充，要处理好二者关系。
【16题详解】
上文“They first seek success and then assume that success will lead to happiness.”（他们首先追求成功，然后便认为成功将会带来快乐。）说明了一些人的逻辑，与下文“Chasing success has costs that can end up lowering happiness.”（追求成功的代价可能是最终降低幸福感。）是对立的关系，说明上文的逻辑是错误的。B项“But this reasoning is faulty”（但是这种逻辑是错误的）承上启下，符合题意。故选B项。
【17题详解】
上文“This is not to say that you have to choose between success and happiness.”（这并不是说你不得不在成功与快乐之间做出选择。）说明成功和快乐并不是矛盾的，是可以兼得的。故A项“You can obtain both”（你可以二者兼得。）符合题意。故选A项。
【18题详解】
下文“No matter how much you enjoy your work, overwork will become an obstruction (阻碍) to well-being.”（无论你多么喜欢你的工作，超时工作都会变成快乐生活的阻碍。）说明快乐来自于喜欢，但要懂得适度和平衡，否则再喜欢的工作也会变成阻碍。与E项“The first thing to remember is that happiness requires balance”（要记住的第一件事就是快乐需要平衡）句意契合。故选E项。
【19题详解】
下文“Earned success implies a sense of accomplishment and recognition for a job well done, while service to others requires knowledge of the real people who benefit from your work.”（获得成功意味着成就感和对出色工作的认可，而服务他人意味着需要了解那些从你的工作中受益的人。）说明了“Earned success ”和“service to others”两方面的内容，与G项“The two key aspects of meaningful work are earned success and service to others”（有意义的工作的两个关键就是获得的成功和对他人的服务。）中两个关键一致。故选G项。
【20题详解】
下文“and may lead you to unhappiness”（可能会导致你不快乐）说明前面的事情是消极不好的做法。结合下句“But working on your happiness. gives you the best chance at getting both.”（但是致力于快乐，你会有机会二者兼得。）可知，前面的做法是与其相反的。故D项“Working on your success to get happier is inefficient at best”（致力于成功而得到的快乐是远远不够的。）符合题意。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I am a guide at the California Academy of Sciences. Weeks ago I was ____21____ with a lovely family at the Academy’s Swamp exhibit. Their young son was ____22____ by the swallow and asked many questions about it. As the family was leaving, I asked the boy if he would like a sticker to put on his shirt. He ____23____ chose a swallow sticker. The boy’s younger brother spent time ____24____ all the sticker choices before choosing a butterfly. The boy who had chosen first said softly to his father, “I didn’t see the frog sticker.” His father immediately ____25____ the boy to ask me for a second sticker. The boy said, “No, I’m happy with what I have.”
I was ____26____. Such wisdom, grace, and ____27____, all from an eight-year-old boy. Too often, we ____28____ to be happy with what we have and in our forgetfulness we spread the ____29____ of discontent.
I recently purchased my first laptop computer. In discussions with the ____30____, he said, “Within two years, you’ll probably want a new one anyway.” Why would I want a new one, ____31____ my old one was working? Perhaps, “____32____” is the key word. I won’t ____33____ need a new laptop in two years but I “will probably want one”. I may want ____34____ things, but I don’t need them. What I do desperately need is the peace of mind. I need to ____35____ each of my sudden urges to purchase or possess as either “want” or “need”.
21. A. seeing B. visiting C. leaving D. staying
22. A. trapped B. called C. stuck D. fascinated
23. A. quickly B. slowly C. deliberately D. casually
24. A. going about B. going by C. going for D. going through
25. A. demanded B. suggested C. urged D. persuaded
26. A. satisfied B. astonished C. pleased D. thrilled
27. A. gratitude B. patience C. concentration D. respect
28. A. used B. tried C. pretended D. forgot
29. A. concept B. assumption C. infection D. lie
30. A. cashier B. host C. salesman D. waiter
31. A. if B. for C. but D. besides
32. A. need B. want C. hope D. mind
33. A. obviously B. specially C. simply D. necessarily
34. A. spare B. suitable C. shiny D. similar
35. A. recognize B. identify C. prove D. access
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者通过小男孩买贴纸一事，懂得了知足并且能为所拥有的东西感到高兴的故事，最后论述了想要和需要的区别。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周前，我和一个可爱的家庭一起参观了学院的沼泽展览。A. seeing看到；B. visiting参观；C. leaving离开；D. staying留下。根据上文“I am a guide at the California Academy of Sciences.(我是加州科学院的导游)”和本句中的“exhibit(展览)”一词可知，作者陪这家人参观学院的沼泽展览，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的小儿子对燕子很着迷，并问了很多关于它的问题。A. trapped困住；B. called叫；C. stuck卡住；D. fascinated着迷。根据下文“asked many questions about it.(问了很多问题)”可知，是因为对燕子很着迷，才问很多关于它的问题，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他快速选了一个燕子贴纸。A. quickly快速地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. deliberately故意地；D. casually随意地。根据上文“As the family was leaving(当一家人离开时)”以及“Their young son was fascinated by the swallow(他们的小儿子对燕子着迷)”可知，在这一家人快要离开时他们的小儿子快速地选择了自己着迷的燕子贴纸。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：男孩的弟弟在选择蝴蝶贴纸之前花时间浏览了所有的贴纸选择。A. going about四处走动；B. going by流逝；过去 C. going for争取得到；D. going through浏览。根据“all the sticker choices before choosing a butterfly. ”可知，男孩在选择蝴蝶贴纸前花时间浏览了所有的贴纸。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲立即催促男孩向我要第二张贴纸。A. demanded要求；B. suggested建议；C. urged敦促；D. persuaded说服。从本句中的“immediately(立即)”及小男孩一家人要离开可知，小男孩父亲会催促小男孩向作者要贴纸。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶。A. satisfied满意的；B. astonished惊讶的；C. pleased高兴的；D. thrilled激动的。根据下文“Such wisdom, grace(这种智慧、优雅)”和“all from an eight-year-old boy(都来自一个八岁的男孩。)”可知作者是惊讶于一个小男孩所拥有的品质。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种智慧、优雅和感激，都来自一个八岁的男孩。A. gratitude感恩；B. patience耐心；C. concentration专注；D. respect尊重。根据上文“I’m happy with what I have.(我对我所拥有的很满意)”可知小男孩知足常乐，而作者对小男孩感恩的品质很欣赏。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们常常忘记对自己所拥有的感到快乐，在健忘中，我们传播了不满的感染。A. used用；B. tried试，努力；C. pretended假装；D. forgot忘记。根据下文关键词“forgetfulness(健忘)”可知，此处为忘记。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们常常忘记对自己所拥有的感到快乐，在健忘中，我们传播了不满的感染。A. concept概念；B. assumption假设；C. infection感染；D. lie谎言。根据“spread”推知，是传播了不满的感染，即带动周围的人对自己所拥有的感到不满。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在与销售人员的讨论中，他说“两年之内，你可能想要一个新的。”A. cashier收银员；B. host主持人；C. salesman销售员；D. waiter服务员。由前文“I recently purchased my first laptop computer.(我最近购买了我的第一台笔记本电脑。)”可知，作者是去购买电脑，能与作者讨论的肯定是售货员，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查连词和介词词义辨析。句意：如果我的旧设备正常工作，我为什么要一个新的？A. if如果；B. for为了；C. but但是；D. besides除此以外。根据本句前半句“Why would I want a new one(为什么我要一个新的)”以及下文“I won’t ____13____ need a new laptop in two years(两年内不需要新电脑)”可知，此处作者想表达的是如果自己的设备正常工作就不需要新的，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许，“想要”是关键词。A. need需要；B. want想要；C. hope希望；D. mind介意。根据前文“Why would I want a new one(为什么我要一个新的)”可知此处作者要表达“想要”这个词是关键。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我两年内不一定需要一台新笔记本电脑但我“可能会想要一台”。A. obviously显而易见地；B. specially尤其，特别地；C. simply仅仅；D. necessarily必要地。由语境可知，作者两年内不一定需要，但是可能想要一台新电脑，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我可能想要闪亮的东西，但我不需要它们。A. spare备用的；B. suitable合适的；C. shiny闪亮的；D. similar类似的。结合上文可知，此处“闪亮的东西”指代新东西，即作者可能想要新东西，但事实上并不需要“它（们）”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要将我突然购买或拥有的每一次冲动确定为“想要”或“需要”。A. recognize认出；B. identify识别；C. prove证明；D. access访问。根据语境及作者想要表达的想要和需要的区别，作者在购物前需要识别自己是想要还是需要。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Going against the tide of flocking to well-known yet generally jam-packed tourist destinations on vacation, a ____36____ (grow) number of holidaymakers in China tend to spend their leisure time at lesser-known resorts to seek unique, relaxing holiday experiences.
In recent years reverse tourism ____37____ (emerge) as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China. During the weeklong public holiday, which ended on Oct 7, large numbers of vacationers, especially young professionals who long to escape busy city life, ____38____ (avoid) popular holiday destinations in order to get the beaten track and enjoy some peace and quiet. According to data from online travel agency Qunar, the number of rooms ____39____ (book) at hotels in less-traveled cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year. Besides crowds, some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save on the cost of trips to popular destinations, ____40____ often involve expensive tickets, meals and hotel stays. In addition, lesser-known attractions are not ____41____ “commercial” and “standardized” as developed ones and are able to offer more authentic experiences and natural encounters, according to social media posts. And ____42____ (like) popular destinations, some underexplored places with little online ____43____ (expose) can offer more surprises.
Jiang Han, ____44____ senior researcher at the Beijing-based public policy think tank Pangoal, said that reverse tourism will become one of the future directions for the market _____45_____ is an opportunity for growth comparable to the camping economy.
【答案】36. growing
37. has emerged
38. avoided
39. booked 40. which
41. as##so 42. unlike
43. exposure
44. a 45. and
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍的是越来越多的中国度假者倾向于将休闲的时间花在不太知名的度假胜地，这种反向旅游成为中国年轻度假者选择的一种新趋势。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：随着人们涌向著名但普遍拥挤的旅游目的地度假的潮流，越来越多的中国度假者倾向于把休闲时间花在不太知名的度假胜地，以寻求独特的、放松的度假体验。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词growing (增加的、增长的)作定语修饰number。故填growing。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：近年来，反向旅游已成为中国年轻度假者的一种新趋势。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据时间状语in recent years可知，此处应使用现在完成时态，谓语动词emerge与主语reverse tourism之间为主动关系，且主语是单数，谓语单数形式。故填has emerged。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：在10月7日结束的为期一周的公共假期期间，大量的度假者，尤其是那些渴望逃离繁忙的城市生活的年轻专业人士，避开了热门的度假目的地，去享受一些宁静。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，句子主语为vacationers，根据上文中的“During the weeklong public holiday, which ended on Oct 7”可知，此处应为一般过去时态，且该处与主语之间为主动关系。故填avoided。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：根据在线旅行社去哪儿网的数据，假日期间在游客较少的城市的酒店预订的房间数量同比增长了30%。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词rooms，book与rooms之间为被动关系，结合句意可知，此处表示的动作已经发生，所以使用过去分词形式。故填booked。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：除了人群，一些度假者选择了一些较少去的地方，以节省去热门目的地的费用，这通常包括昂贵的机票、餐饮和酒店住宿。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是the cost of trips，指物，用关系代词which。故填which。
【41题详解】
考查固定结构。句意：此外，据社交媒体上的帖子显示，不太为人所知的景点不像开发的那样“商业”和“标准化”，能够提供更真实的体验和自然的接触。分析句子结构可知，此处考查的是“...as+形容词/副词原级+as...”结构，意为“和……一样……”，其中第一个as用于否定句时也可以使用so。故填as/so。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：与热门目的地不同，一些开发不足、很少在网上曝光的地方可以提供更多的惊喜。分析句子结构可知，此处应为介词，结合句意可知，此处表示“与……不同”应为unlike。故填unlike。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：与热门目的地不同，一些开发不足、很少在网上曝光的地方可以提供更多的惊喜。此空前为形容词，所以此处应填名词，expose的名词为exposure意为“曝光，接触”，且为不可数名词。故填exposure。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：北京公共政策Pangoal智库的高级研究员Jiang Han表示，反向旅游将成为市场的未来方向之一，是一个与露营经济相媲美的增长机会。分析句子结构可知，此空所在的短语为同位语，对前面的名词Jiang Han进行解释说明，空后researcher为可数名词单数，且为泛指，被解释对象Jiang Han为一个高级研究员，所以填不定冠词，空后形容词senior首字母为辅音。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：北京公共政策Pangoal智库的高级研究员姜汉表示，反向旅游将成为市场的未来方向之一，是一个与露营经济相媲美的增长机会。分析句子结构可知，此处需填连词连接两个句子，结合句意可知，空前句子与空后的句子之间为并列关系。故填and。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，近期你收到“Z世代国际青年说(Voice Z)”节目组邀请为其“文化”板块录制一个演讲视频，请你给节目联络人Emma写一封信商讨相关事宜，内容包括：
1. 感谢邀请;
2. 告知演讲话题并说明原因;
3. 期待回信。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Emma,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Emma,
Thank you for inviting me to do a video speech for the Culture Column of the Z Era International Youth Talk Program
Referring to the topic, I’d like to talk about the generation gap. It is a common phenomenon exiting everywhere between parents and children, which results in misunderstandings between loved ones. I will discuss the harm of it and recommend some ways to solve it.
If you have any requirements, please contact me. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给“Z世代国际青年说(Voice Z)”节目联络人Emma写一封信商讨为其“文化”板块录制一个演讲视频，表示感谢并告知演讲话题和说明原因。
【详解】1.词汇积累
谈及：refer to→ in terms of
引起：result in→ cause
谈论：talk about→ discuss
介绍：recommend→ introduce
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I will talk about the harm of it and recommend some ways to solve it.
拓展句：I will talk about the harm of it and recommend some ways that people can use to solve it.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It is a common phenomenon exiting everywhere between parents and children, which results in misunderstandings between loved ones.（运用了现在分词短语作定语以及which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】If you have any requirements, please contact me.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Over the summer I moved from Texas to Missouri. This was my second year of high school, but my first year of school in Missouri. I was really nervous about starting a new school and having people like me. I decided that I would be much happier in a new school if I made friends that were so-called “popular”. Getting in with the right group of people would make my life a whole lot better. I bought a new outfit so the first day would be perfect.
On the first day of school, scared, yet eager to begin my new life, I walked up the stairs. My first class was geometry, but where was that? I was standing in the hall looking confused, when a short, blond girl wearing glasses came up and asked, “Are you new? You look lost. Do you want me to help you find your class? My name is Diane. What’s yours?” Even though she seemed a bit strange, definitely not the kind of person I wanted to be associated with, I decided to answer her anyway. I was, after all, lost.
After exchanging names, I followed her up the stairs and down a hallway on the right. When we reached my room she said, “Well, here you are. It was nice meeting you. I hope I see you again and your day goes all right.”
I said a quick thank-you and waved good-bye. Once inside the classroom, I saw one big group of people huddled around someone who seemed to be telling some sort of story. I walked over and got close enough to overhear. All eyes were glued to the guy in the middle of the circle. I decided that this guy was popular.
A few minutes later the teacher told everyone to go find a seat and get ready for the class. I managed to get one right next to the guy. I said, “Hi, my name is April and I’m new here.” He said coldly, “Hi, I’m Johnny.” That class dragged on and on. Finally, the bell rang. I turned to him and asked, “I’m not sure where my next class is, could you help me find it?” He looked at me and then said a quick no, turned back to his friends, and walked out of the classroom.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As they were walking out, I heard they were all laughing at me.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Before I was ready to go home, I heard a familiar voice calling my name.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 As they were walking out, I heard they were all laughing at me. Their shrill laughing let me blush with shame. I felt so embarrassed that I couldn’t do anything but sit there, keeping my body unmoved and holding back my tears. What I wanted to do is just to make friends with them. I couldn’t figure out why they laughed at me. But one thing was certain, that is, I must removed myself from their presence. Therefore, I wasn’t ready to leave until they walked far away.
Before I was ready to go home I heard a familiar voice calling my name. I felt very strange since I was new here without making any friends. Turning around, I saw Diane who came up to me with a warm smile on her face. She said she would walk together with me. What a kind and friendly girl she was, I thought. I was deeply moved so that I left all my embarrassment and sadness behind. On our way home, we talked a lot and I was surprised to find we had a lot in common. I also realized the true meaning of a friend.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者进入新学校第一天的迷茫与困惑。作者一开始找不到教室，一个名叫戴安娜的女孩主动提供帮助并带领他找到了教室，但作者却不想与戴安娜交朋友。之后在教室遇到非常受欢迎的约翰尼，作者向其寻求帮助，却被无情的拒绝。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①.由第一段首句内容“当他们走出去的时候，我听到他们都在嘲笑我”可知，第一段可描写作者听到嘲笑之后的心理状态及情绪表现。
②.由第二段首句内容“在我准备回家之前，我听到一个熟悉的声音在喊我的名字。”可知，第二段可描写作者听到声音之后的反应及作者的感想。
2.续写线索：被嘲笑——尴尬——伤心——听到熟悉的声音——感动——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.抑制眼泪：hold back my tears/retain my tears
②.接近，靠近：come up/approach
③.一起走路：walk together/accompany him/keep him company
情绪类
①.感动：be moved/be touched
②.悲伤：sadness/sorrow
【点睛】【高分句型1】What I wanted to do is just to make friends with them.（使用了what引导的主语从句）
【高分句型2】Turning around, I saw Diane who came up to me with a warm smile on her face. （使用了现在分词作状语，及who引导的定语从句）
听力答案：1-5 CBABC 6-10 CACBA 11-15 BCACB 16-20 CABCA
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