还剩18页未读，
继续阅读
广东省佛山市第三中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期12月第二次月考试题（Word版附答案）
展开
这是一份广东省佛山市第三中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期12月第二次月考试题（Word版附答案），共21页。试卷主要包含了听力，阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，词义匹配，单词拼写，句子翻译，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
佛山三中2022-2023学年上学期第2次教学质量检测试卷
高二英语
一、听力(略)
二、阅读理解(共三节，满分40分)
第一节(共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分)
A
At eleven, I decide to learn to swim. There was a pool at the Y.M.C.A offering exactly the opportunity. Mother continually warned against it, and kept fresh in my mind the details of each drowningin the river. But the Y M. C. A pool was safe.
I had a childhood fear of water. This started when I was three years old and father took me to the beach. The huge waves knocked me down and swept over me.
The pool was quiet. I was afraid of going in all alone, so I sat on the side of the pool to wait for others. Then came a big boy. He yelled, “Hi, Skinny! How’d you like to be ducked?” with that he picked me up and threw me into the deep end. I landed in a sitting position, and swallowed water. But I was not frightened out of my wits- when my feet hit the bottom, I would make a big jump, come out of the surface. It seemed a long way down. I gathered all my strength when I landed and made what I thought was a great spring upwards. Then I opened my eyes and saw nothing but water. I tried to yell but no sound came out. I went down, down, endlessly.
When I came to consciousness, I found myself lying on the bed in the hospital.
I never went back to the pool. I avoided water whenever I could. This misadventure stayed with me as the years rolled by. It deprived me of joy of boating and swimming. Finally, I decided to get an instructor. Piece by piece, he built a swimmer. Several months later, the instructor was finished, but I was not. Sometimes the terror would return.
This went on until July. I swam across the Lake Wentworth. Only once did the terror return. When I was in the middle of the lake, I put my face under and saw nothing but bottomless water. I laughed and said, “Well, Mr. Terror, what do you think you can do to me?” I had conquered my fear of water.
1. The author’s original fear of water was caused by __________.
A. his poor skill in swimming
B. his mother’s warning of drowning
C an outing to the beach with his father
D. an unpleasant memory of the pool
2. Why was the author not scared to death when he was thrown into the water?
A. He knew how to swim in the pool.
B. He felt that the Y.M. C. A.
C. He was waiting for others to save him.
D. He came up with an idea to go upwards.
3. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Goodbye, Mr. Terror
B. Hello, Childhood Fear
C. a Swimming adventure
D. My Passion for Swimming
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者小时候和父亲去海滩的遭遇使作者开始害怕水，直到自己游过Wentworth湖时，才克服对水的恐惧的经历。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I had a childhood fear of water. This started when I was three years old and father took me to the beach The huge waves knocked me down and swept over me.(我小时候很怕水。这件事开始于我三岁的时候，父亲带我去海滩。巨大的海浪把我撞倒，淹没了我。)”可知，作者最初对水的恐惧是由和他父亲一起去海滩郊游引起的。故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“But I was not frightened out of my wits- when my feet hit the bottom, I would make a big jump, come out of the surface. It seemed a long way down. I gathered all my strength when I landed and made what I thought was a great spring upwards.(但我并没有被吓得魂飞魄散——当我的脚触底时，我会猛地一跳，跳出水面。这似乎是一条很长的路。当我着陆时，我聚集了所有的力量，我认为这是一个向上的大弹簧。)”可以推断出，作者认为自己找到了向上跳出水面的方法，所以他没有害怕，故选D。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“When I was in the middle of the lake, I put my face under and saw nothing but bottomless water. I laughed and said, “Well, Mr. Terror, what do you think you can do to me?” I had conquered my fear of water.(当我在湖中央的时候，我把脸埋在下面，除了无底的水什么也看不到。我笑着说：“好吧，恐怖先生，你觉得你能把我怎么样？”我已经克服了对水的恐惧。)”，再结合文章，可知作者主要描述了自己从小害怕水又到克服水的经历。主题应该是克服对水的恐惧。A选项“Goodbye, Mr. Terror(再见，恐怖先生)”符合文章主题，适合做标题，故选A。
B
Researchers at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center mapped brain changes after a year of aerobic workouts and uncovered a potentially significant process: Exercise increases blood flow into two key areas of the brain associated with memory.
The study, published in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, showed this blood flow can help even older people with memory issues improve cognition, a finding that could guide future Alzheimer’s disease research, according to UT Southwestern Medical Center.
In the study, researchers followed 30 participants who were 60 or older and had memory problems. Half experienced a year of aerobic exercise while the other half did stretches. “We’ve shown that even when your memory starts to fade, you can still do something about it by adding aerobic exercise to your lifestyle,” said Binu Thomas, a senior research scientist of UT Southwestern Medical Center who led the study. “The aerobic exercise group showed a 47% improvement in some memory scores after a year; the other group showed slight change. Brain imaging of the aerobic exercise group, taken while at rest at the beginning and end of the study, showed increased blood flew into the specific brain areas that played important roles in memory function.”
Many teams across the world are trying to determine if aerobic exercise might fight memory loss. Evidence is growing that it could at least play a small role in delaying or reducing the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. For example, a 2018 study showed that people with lower fitness levels experienced faster retrogression of vital nerve fibers in the brain called white matter related to memory.
“Blood flow in the brain connected with memory improvement is still a part of the puzzle, and we need to continue piecing it together,” Thomas says. “But we’ve seen enough date to know that starting a fitness program can have lifelong benefits for our brains as well as our hearts.”
4. What is the study mainly about?
A. Old people have memory issues. B. Exercise improves memory.
C. Aerobic workouts benefit mental health. D. Alzheimer’s disease can be cured.
5. What does the underlined word “retrogression” mean in the fourth paragraph?
A. Growth. B. Recovery. C. Decline. D. Increase.
6. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Further research work requires doing.
B. More people experience memory loss.
C. Mystery of brain blood flow has been solved.
D. Signs of memory loss can be discovered earlier.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究人员通过实验发现锻炼增加了大脑中与记忆相关的两个关键区域的血液流量，研究表明，这种血液流动甚至可以帮助有记忆问题的老年人改善认知能力，这一发现可以指导未来的阿尔茨海默病研究。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究重要意义。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Researchers at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center mapped brain changes after a year of aerobic workouts and uncovered a potentially significant process: Exercise increases blood flow into two key areas of the brain associated with memory.(德克萨斯大学西南医学中心的研究人员绘制了一年有氧锻炼后大脑的变化图，并发现了一个潜在的重要过程：锻炼增加了大脑中与记忆相关的两个关键区域的血液流量)”以及第二段“The study, published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, showed this blood flow can help even older people with memory issues improve cognition, a finding that could guide future Alzheimer's disease research, according to UT Southwestern Medical Center.(据德克萨斯大学西南医学中心称，这项发表在《阿尔茨海默病杂志》上的研究表明，这种血液流动甚至可以帮助有记忆问题的老年人改善认知能力，这一发现可以指导未来的阿尔茨海默病研究)”可知，这项研究的主要内容是锻炼提高记忆力。故选B。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段中“Many teams across the world are trying to determine if aerobic exercise might fight memory loss. Evidence is growing that it could at least play a small role in delaying or reducing the risk of Alzheimer’s disease.(世界各地的许多团队都在试图确定有氧运动是否可以对抗记忆丧失。 越来越多的证据表明，它至少可以在延缓或降低阿尔茨海默病的风险方面发挥一点作用)”结合画线词上文“a 2018 study showed that people with lower fitness levels experienced faster”以及后文“of vital nerve fibers in the brain called white matter related to memory.”可知，2018年的一项研究表明，健康水平较低的人大脑中重要神经纤维（与记忆有关的白质）衰退得更快，故画线词意思是“衰退”。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Blood flow in the brain connected with memory improvement is still a part of the puzzle, and we need to continue piecing it together," Thomas says.(托马斯说：“大脑中的血液流动与记忆改善有关，这仍然是谜题的一部分，我们需要继续把它们拼凑起来。”)”可推知，需要做进一步的研究工作。故选A。
C
With these increased pressures and difficulty in ensuring a graduate job, more people are turning to recruitment (招聘) agencies for help. Luke Harper wrote for the Independent warning students to be cautious when using graduate recruitment agencies in their job hunt. The article’s main argument against graduate recruitment agencies is that they are looking to sign people up to the agency and harvest data, without having any real intention to personally find them a job.
The fundamental problem with this approach is a basic misunderstanding of how the recruitment sector works. One of the more common ways is that recruitment agencies aim to find you a job to secure a fee from their clients. Recruitment agencies operate as a business, not a careers service and are not expected to find you a job while you wait around.
There is no denying that amongst the recruitment agencies, there are some CV(简历) hungry, cut and shut agencies that are uninterested in the candidates they have on their books. However, nowadays these are in the minority and don’t tend to last very long.
Paul Farrer, Chief Executive of a leading recruitment agency is worried that a few bad apples are ruining the reputation of what is an excellent sector. Farrer said “The trouble with such an imbalanced and misleading article is that some graduates may now be put off approaching recruitment agencies who may well be able to help them.”
Professionals in the industry are cautious of how some of the less respectable agencies operate. Earnest recruiters believe that graduates should be aware that some of these agencies will take on graduates for all their details rather than helping them find a job, like Harper mentioned. To fight this, Farrar advises that “Graduates should have a simple checklist before approaching any agency. Has the agency taken the time to talk to me? Have they invited me to a face-to-face meeting? Have they guaranteed not to forward my CV to any employer without my permission? These three steps will safeguard every application.”
Farrer also pointed out that that is not the only safety net that graduates can rely on. He said “Graduates can also check to see if the agencies are members of either APSCo or the REC, the two trade bodies they can make an official complaint to. The vast majority of recruitment agencies are professional organizations that help place thousands of graduates every year and poorly researched articles help no one.”
7. The main purpose of this passage is ______ graduate recruitment agencies.
A. to advise readers to be cautious of
B. to argue against some misjudgment against
C. to explain why there is a prejudice against
D. to seek the solutions to the problems caused by
8. Which of the following is RIGHT according to the passage?
A. Luke Harper holds the same idea about jobs with Paul Farrer.
B. Recruitment agencies actually do the same work as a careers service.
C. Job hunters’ detailed information is of value to recruitment agencies.
D. A member of APSCo or the REC will not cheat its clients.
9. What advice does Paul Farrer give graduates to avoid less respectable agencies?
A. Consulting professionals before giving their personal details to an agency.
B. Making a face-to-face investigation into an agency before approaching it.
C. Guaranteeing that the agency will not forward their CV to any employer.
D. Selecting some agencies that are monitored by official trade bodies.
10. What is the author’s attitude towards graduate recruitment agencies?
A. Neutral. B. Positive. C. Negative. D. Not Clear.
【答案】7. B 8. C 9. D 10. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章批判了一些招聘机构不对应聘者负责，只是收集他们的私人信息，并建议毕业生也要检查看看招聘机构是不是正规。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The article’s main argument against graduate recruitment agencies is that they are looking to sign people up to the agency and harvest data, without having any real intention to personally find them a job.(这篇文章反对毕业生招聘机构的主要论点是，他们只是想让人们签约，收集数据，而没有任何亲自为他们找到工作的真正意图)”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是反对一些对毕业生招聘机构的错误判断。故选B项。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Earnest recruiters believe that graduates should be aware that some of these agencies will take on graduates for all their details rather than helping them find a job, like Harper mentioned.(认真的招聘人员认为，毕业生应该意识到，有些中介会根据毕业生的细节来招聘他们，而不是像哈珀提到的那样帮助他们找到工作)”可知，求职者的详细信息对招聘机构很有价值。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Graduates can also check to see if the agencies are members of either APSCo or the REC, the two trade bodies they can make an official complaint to. The vast majority of recruitment agencies are professional organizations that help place thousands of graduates every year and poorly researched articles help no one.(毕业生亦可查询有关机构是否属APSCo或REC的成员，他们可向这两个贸易团体提出正式投诉。绝大多数的招聘机构都是专业的组织，每年都帮助成千上万的毕业生，而研究不足的文章对任何人都没有帮助)”可知，保罗·法瑞尔认为，毕业生应该选择一些由官方行业机构监管的中介机构，以避免不那么受人尊敬的中介机构。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“However, nowadays these are in the minority and don’t tend to last very long.(然而现在这样的不良机构毕竟是少数，而且都不会长久)”可见，作者对毕业生招聘机构持积极的态度。故选B项。
第二节 语句排序(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
11. 按照正确语序排序
A. The course’s themes, which are rooted in positive psychology studies, include how to encourage good relationships, deal with difficulties, make the workplace happier and build caring communities.
B. There are plenty of classes claiming they can make you happier, but few are supported by the gold standard of evidence: a randomized controlled trial (随机对照试验).
C. Researchers from the London School of Economics carried out such a study called Exploring What Matters, developed by the international charity Action for Happiness.
D. This one-point increase is bigger than waht researchers usually measure when an unemployed person finds a job or a single person enters a new relationship. The course participants also reduced their anxiety on average.
E. The trial looked at 146 people who’d resigstered for the course. For the participants who successfully completed it, self-rated life satisfaction rose from an average of 6.4 out of 10 before the course to 7.4 afterwards.
【答案】BCAED
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有很多课程声称它们可以让你更快乐，但很少有黄金标准的证据支持：随机对照试验。文章介绍了关于随机对照试验的研究开展过程以及发现。
【详解】第一句应总起全文，指出文章的主旨：证据支持：随机对照试验。故B选项“有很多课程声称它们可以让你更快乐，但很少有黄金标准的证据支持：随机对照试验”排序第一；第二句开始介绍研究开展的过程，C选项“伦敦经济学院的研究人员进行了一项名为“探索什么是重要的”的研究，由国际慈善机构“幸福行动”开展”排序第二；第三句承接第二句，介绍这门课程的主题以及内容，A选项“这门课程的主题植根于积极心理学研究，包括如何鼓励良好的人际关系、处理困难、让工作场所更快乐，以及建立相互关爱的社区”排第三；第四句介绍参加该课程的人的情况，E选项“该试验调查了146名报名参加该课程的人。对于成功完成课程的参与者来说，自评生活满意度从课程前的平均6.4分（满分10分）上升到课程后的7.4分”排第四；第五句介绍研究的发现“这一个百分点的增长比研究人员通常在失业人员找到工作或单身人士开始一段新关系时测量的要大。课程参与者的焦虑程度也平均有所降低”，D选项排第五。故答案为BCAED。
第三节 七选五(共5小题，每题2分，满分10分)
Rich and Famous
Twenty years ago the most common ambition of American children was to be a teacher, followed by working in banking and finance, and then medicine. But today’s situation is quite different. ____12____. Instead, they most commonly say they want to be a sports star, a pop star, or an actor—in other words, they hope to become a celebrity.
According to experts, young people desire these jobs largely because of the wealth and the fame. ____13____. Let’s take athletes and singers as an example. Many athletes’ best time only lasts a few years and singers can have a very limited career. The field that was once the focus of their lives becomes something they have little or no involvement in. As a result, they’ll have a feeling of worthlessness and a lack of control. Besides, it can be difficult for them to adapt back to a normal everyday life.
____14____ They are not satisfied with just making a living—they want to be rich and famous. Globally, more and more TV shows provide talent competitions where winners can achieve their goals in just a few weeks or months. This quick way of gaining wealth and fame creates a celebrity culture among people. ____15____
While many people argue that there is nothing wrong with having such ambitions, others feel that this trend will finally lead to dissatisfaction as more and more people are unable to reach their goals. ____16____ That means they ignore the simple fact that great effort is needed before success. As a result, many people won’t realize their childhood dreams, which could have a negative effect on their happiness.
A. They don’t value talents anymore.
B. Nowadays the younger generation prefer excitement.
C. The younger generation don’t favor these professions any more.
D. Unfortunately, they do not always have a positive effect on people’s life.
E. The reason is that they don’t realize it takes talent and hard work to be rich and famous.
F. Even so, there is greater ambition than ever among young people to achieve that status.
G. They unrealistically believe that this lifestyle is easily obtained and leads to great satisfaction.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. F 15. G 16. E
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章说明了现在美国儿童心目中向往职业的变化过程，变化原因和其现实性。
【12题详解】
前文"Twenty years ago the most common ambition of American children was to be a teache，followed by working in banking and finance，and then medicine."（20年前，美国孩子最普遍的抱负是当一名教师，然后是在银行和金融业工作，然后是医学。）讲述了20年前美国儿童心目中向往的职业；根据设空前的“But today’s situation is quite different.”（但今天的情况完全不同。）可推断，现在的年轻人的抱负发生了改变；C选项年轻一代不再喜欢这些职业了”符合语境。故选C。
【13题详解】
前文"According to experts，young people desire these jobs largely because of the wealth and the fame"(据专家表示，年轻人渴望这些工作很大程度上是因为财富和名声)说明了年轻人选择这些职业的原因；后文“ Let’s take athletes and singers as an example. Many athletes’ best time only lasts a few years and singers can have a very limited career. ”（让我们以运动员和歌手为例。许多运动员的最佳时期只持续几年，歌手的职业生涯也很有限。）举例说明了这些职业并不总是那么光鲜，也有其局限性；D选项“不幸的是，他们并不总是对人们的生活产生积极的影响。”是对上句的进一步说明，they与the wealth and the fame对应；且下文运动员和歌手的例子也验证了D选项要表达的意思。故选D。
【14题详解】
前文“As a result, they’ll have a feeling of worthlessness and a lack of control. Besides, it can be difficult for them to adapt back to a normal everyday life.”（因此，他们会有一种自己毫无价值和缺乏控制的感觉。此外，他们很难适应正常的日常生活。）说明了运动员歌手这些职业的负面影响；后文“They are not satisfied with just making a living—they want to be rich and famous.”（他们不满足于仅仅谋生——他们想变得富有和出名。）说明了年轻人的梦想并没有发生变化，他们仍然想追求财富和名声；F选项“即便如此，年轻人也比以往任何时候都有更大的野心去获得这种地位。”中的so与前文这些职业的负面影响对应，ambition与后文的be rich and famous对应，所以F选项起到了承上启下的作用。故选F。
【15题详解】
分析本段内容可知，本段主要说明了年轻人追求财富和名声的原因。前文“This quick way of gaining wealth and fame creates a celebrity culture among people.”（这种快速获得财富和名声的方式在人们中创造了一种名人文化。）说明了现在存在快速获得财富和名声的方式；G选项“他们不切实际地认为这种生活方式很容易获得，并带来很大的满足。”中的easily与quick对应，obtained与gaining对应，说明了上文那种快速成名的方式对年轻人的影响，且属于年轻人追求财富名声的原因之一，符合段落大意。故选G。
【16题详解】
前文“While many people argue that there is nothing wrong with having such ambitions, others feel that this trend will finally lead to dissatisfaction as more and more people are unable to reach their goals. ”（虽然很多人认为有这样的雄心壮志并没有错，但其他人认为这种趋势最终会导致不满，因为越来越多的人无法达到他们的目标。）说明了有些人不赞同快速追求名声和财富的方式；后文“That means they ignore the simple fact that great effort is needed before success. ”（这意味着他们忽视了一个简单的事实:成功之前需要巨大的努力。）中的that应该指代设空处的内容；E选项“原因是他们没有意识到要变得富有和出名需要天赋和努力。”中的hard work与后文的effort对应，且和后文表达的意思一致，承接了前文说明了一些人不赞同的原因。故选E。
三、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
Dad had a green comb. He bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would hand me his ____17____ and say, “Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK?”
I was pleased to do it. At age five, this dull task brought me such ____18____. I would excitedly ____19____ the tap and brush the comb carefully. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would happily return the comb to Dad. He would ____20____ affectionately at me and place the comb on his wallet.
Two years later, Dad started his own ____21____, which wasn’t doing so well. That was when things started to ____22____. Dad didn’t come home as early and as much as he used to. Mum and I became ____23____ with him for placing our family in trouble. With time going by, an uncomfortable silence grew between us.
After my graduation, Dad’s business was getting back on track. On my 28th birthday, Dad came home ____24____. As usual I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he said, “Hey, would you help me clean my comb?” I looked at him for a while, then took the comb and ____25____ to the sink.
It hit me then: why, as a child, helping Dad clean his comb brought me _____26_____. That routine meant Dad was home early to spend the evening with Mum and me. It _____27_____ a happy and loving family.
I passed the clean comb back to Dad. He smiled at me and _____28_____ placed his comb on his wallet. But this time, I noticed something different. Dad had _____29_____. He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled, yet his smile was still as _____30_____ as before, the smile of a father who just wanted a good _____31_____ for his family.
17. A. bag B. wallet C. comb D. brush
18. A. joy B. sadness C. courage D. pain
19. A. turn out B. turn over C. turn in D. turn on
20. A. stare B. smile C. shout D. laugh
21. A. family B. task C. business D. journey
22. A. progress B. change C. improve D. form
23. A. satisfied B. delighted C. mad D. strict
24. A. occasionally B. early C. frequently D. rarely
25. A. drove B. flew C. charged D. headed
26. A. satisfaction B. unhappiness C. anger D. trouble
27. A. affected B. broke C. meant D. supported
28. A. firmly B. hurriedly C. casually D. carefully
29. A. aged B. fitted C. shrunk D. increased
30. A. convincing B. heartwarming C. cautious D. innocent
31 A. life B. reputation C. origin D. education
【答案】17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. C 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者小时候经常帮爸爸洗他珍爱的梳子，后来爸爸忙于事业，作者感觉爸爸和家庭疏远了，直到后来再次帮爸爸洗梳子时，突然发现爸爸老了，才明白爸爸为这个家庭付出了很多，他其实一直爱着这个家。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上，他都会把他的梳子递给我，说：“好女儿，帮爸爸洗一下，好吗？”A. bag包；B. wallet钱包；C. comb梳子；D. brush刷子。根据前文“Dad had a green comb. He bought it when he married Mum.”以及后文““Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK?””可知，爸爸把结婚时买的梳子递给我，叫我帮他洗梳子。故选C项。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：五岁时，这个枯燥的任务给我带来了快乐。A. joy快乐；B. sadness伤心；C. courage勇气；D. pain痛苦。根据前文“I was pleased to do it.”可知，作者小时候很开心帮爸爸洗梳子，因此这个事也给作者带来了快乐。故选A项。
【19题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我会兴奋地打开水龙头，仔细地刷梳子。A. turn out结果是；B. turn over打翻；C. turn in上缴；D. turn on打开。根据后文“brush the comb carefully”可知，作者开心地打开水龙头，然后认真地刷梳子。故选D项。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会深情地对我微笑，然后把梳子放在他的钱包上。A. stare盯着看；B. smile微笑；C. shout大喊；D. laugh笑。根据后文“He smiled at me and 12 placed his comb on his wallet.”可知，每次洗完梳子把它交给爸爸时，爸爸总会对着作者微笑。故选B项。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两年后，爸爸开始了自己的事业，但并不顺利。A. family家庭；B. task任务；C. business生意；D. journey旅行。根据后文“That was when things started to 6 . Dad didn’t come home as early and as much as he used to.”可知，爸爸在忙自己的生意之后，就没有像之前那样顾家了，回家也没有一起那么早了。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，事情开始发生变化。A. progress进步；B. change改变；C. improve改善；D. form形成。根据后文“Dad didn’t come home as early and as much as he used to. Mum and I became 7 with him for placing our family in trouble.”可知，爸爸开始自己的事业后，就不像以前早早回家，作者和妈妈对他也很生气，因此事情发生变化了。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和妈妈因为他让我们家陷入困境而生他的气。A. satisfied满意的；B. delighted开心的；C. mad生气的；D. strict严格的。根据后文“placing our family in trouble”可知，爸爸做了生意，让家里陷入了困境，又加上不像以前那么顾家了，所以作者和妈妈对他很生气。故选C项。
24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我28岁生日那天，爸爸很早就回家了。A. occasionally有时；B. early早地；C. frequently频繁地；D. rarely很少地。根据前文“After my graduation, Dad’s business was getting back on track.”以及后文“As usual I helped him carry his bags into his study.”可知，爸爸生意上了正轨了，他也回家早了，作者和以前一样帮他把包放进书房里。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看了他一会儿，然后拿起梳子，向水槽走去。A. drove开车；B. flew飞；C. charged收费；D. headed前往。根据前文“When I turned to leave, he said, “Hey, would you help me clean my comb?” I looked at him for a while, then took the comb”可知，在我要离开书房时，爸爸叫作者帮他洗梳子，所以作者拿了梳子，朝水槽走去。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这让我突然想到：为什么，小时候，帮助爸爸清洁自己的梳子能给我带来满足感呢？A. satisfaction满足；B. unhappiness不开心；C. anger生气；D. trouble麻烦。根据前文“I was pleased to do it. At age five, this dull task brought me such 2 . I would excitedly 3 the tap and brush the comb carefully. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would happily return the comb to Dad.”可知，小时候作者很喜欢给爸爸洗梳子，洗完后感到很满意很开心，因此长大了再次帮爸爸洗梳子让作者不禁问自己为什么小时候这件事能给她带来满足感。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种作息时间意味着爸爸会早早回家，晚上和妈妈、我一起度过。A. affected影响；B. broke打破；C. meant意味着；D. supported支持。根据前文“That routine meant Dad was home early to spend the evening with Mum and me.”可知，爸爸又能像以前一样早早回家陪作者和妈妈，因此这也意味着作者家又像以前一样充满爱。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他对我笑了笑，小心地把梳子放在钱包里。A. firmly坚定地；B. hurriedly匆忙地；C. casually随意地；D. carefully小心地。根据前文“Dad had a green comb. He bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would hand me his 1 and say, “Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK?””可知，爸爸很看重这个梳子，每天都要清洗它，因此都是小心翼翼地把放好。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸变老了。A. aged变老；B. fitted安装；C. shrunk缩小；D. increased增加。根据后文“He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled”可知，爸爸长了皱纹，变老了。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他微笑时，他的眼睛旁边有皱纹，但他的笑容仍然像以前一样温暖，一个只想让家人过上好日子的父亲的笑容。A. convincing令人信服的；B. heartwarming温暖人心的；C. cautious谨慎的；D. innocent天真的。根据前文“He would 4 affectionately at me and place the comb on his wallet.”可知，爸爸的微笑很让人感到温暖。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他微笑时，他的眼睛旁边有皱纹，但他的笑容仍然像以前一样温暖，一个只想让家人过上好日子的父亲的笑容。A. life生活；B. reputation名声；C. origin起源；D. education教育。根据前文“Two years later, Dad started his own 5 , which wasn’t doing so well. That was when things started to 6 . Dad didn’t come home as early and as much as he used to.”可知，爸爸开始自己的事业后，经常忙得不得了，回家都很晚，所以爸爸是为了给我们这个家创造好的生活。故选A项。
四、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
语法填空
Wild Chinese sturgeon (鲟) are thought to have lived at the same time as dinosaurs and among the first class of protected animals in China. Last week, a wild Chinese sturgeon, ___32___ is believed to be the largest ever found in the past two decades, arrived in Beijing for better treatment. The species is one of the critically endangered ___33___ (species) in China and can be found only in the Yangtze and Pearl rivers.
The Chinese sturgeon “Houfu”, which literally means “good fortune for ever after”, arrived at the Beijing Aquarium on Monday after 22 hours of transport ___34___ Hubei Province.
When ___35___(find) by a fisherman in the Yangtze River Basin, it had been suffering from multiple injuries. It was sent to the Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute for treatment immediately. ___36___ she was so weak, local care takers had difficulty ___37___(feed) it. The Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute decided to move it to Beijing to receive ___38___ (far) treatment.
Nicknamed “Aquatic giant pandas” and listed as a wild creature under state protection, ___39___ (fortunate), the species has been struggling due to water projects, busy waterway traffic ___40___ pollution in recent years. The number of Chinese sturgeon living in the wild ___41___(fall) sharply to about 50 now from about 1, 000 in 1982, according to researchers’ estimates.
【答案】32. which
33. species
34. from 35. found
36. As##Because
37. feeding
38. further
39. unfortunately
40. and 41. has fallen
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一条受伤的野生中华鲟“后福”抵达北京寻求更好治疗的事件，同时介绍了中国野生中华鲟的近况与数量减少的原因。
【32题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：上周，一条野生中华鲟抵达北京接受更好的治疗，这条中华鲟被认为是过去20年来发现的最大的中华鲟。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词“a wild Chinese sturgeon”是动物，空格处用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。
【33题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：该物种是中国极度濒危物种之一，仅能在长江和珠江中找到。one of后跟名词的复数，species的复数是species，故填species。
【34题详解】
考查介词。句意：这条中华鲟“后福”，字面意思是“从此吉祥如意”，经过从湖北省开始的22个小时的运输，于周一抵达北京水族馆。由“arrived at the Beijing Aquarium”可知，它是从湖北运往北京的，空格处意为“从……”，用介词from，故填from。
【35题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：当一名渔民在长江流域发现它时，它已经多处受伤。它被渔民发现，且句子描述过去的事情，根据句意可知，when引导的从句应该是when it was found by a fisherman in the Yangtze River Basin，从句中的主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是found。故填found。
【36题详解】
考查原因状语从句。句意：由于她身体虚弱，当地的护理人员很难喂养它。由“local care takers had difficulty__6___(feed) it”可知，句子表示“由于她身体虚弱，当地的护理人员很难喂养它”，空格处意为“由于”，用as/because引导原因状语从句，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，故填As或Because。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：由于她身体虚弱，当地的护理人员很难喂养它。固定搭配have difficulty (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”，故填feeding。
【38题详解】
考查比较级。句意：长江水产研究所决定将其转移到北京进行进一步治疗。由“move it to Beijing”可知，句子表示“长江水产研究所决定将其转移到北京进行进一步治疗”，空格处意为“进一步的”，用比较级further。故填further。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：绰号“水生大熊猫”，被列为国家保护野生动物，不幸的是，由于近年来的水利工程、繁忙的水路交通和污染，这个物种一直在挣扎。空格处用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，由“the species has been struggling”可知，空格处意为“不幸的是”，用副词unfortunately，故填unfortunately。
【40题详解】
考查连词。句意：绰号“水生大熊猫”，被列为国家保护野生动物，不幸的是，由于近年来的水利工程、繁忙的水路交通和污染，这个物种一直在挣扎。“busy waterway traffic”和“pollution”是并列关系，句子是肯定句，用and连接，故填and。
【41题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：据研究人员估计，生活在野外的中华鲟数量已从1982年的约1000条急剧下降到现在的约50条。根据now及语境可知，句子表示“据研究人员估计，生活在野外的中华鲟数量已从1982年的约1000条急剧下降到现在的约50条”，空格处用现在完成时表示已经完成的动作，主语The number是单数，因此空格处是has fallen。故填has fallen。
五、词义匹配(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
单词释义
A. the act of preventing something from being lost or damaged
B. a visitor to a family
C. unable to think clearly or understand
D. no longer in existence
E. aware or expressing awareness of things as they really are
F. arouse impatience or anger
G. a person who uses goods or services
42. We need more feedback from the consumer in order to improve our goods.
43. We should encourage pupils to set realistic goals.
44. His indirect way of telling me to leave annoyed me.
45. This species will be extinct in a few decades.
46. Our community is a leader in conservation of wildlife.
【答案】42. G 43. E
44. F 45. D
46. A
【解析】
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：为了改进产品，我们需要从消费者那里得到更多的反馈。由“We need more feedback from”可知，句子表示“为了改进产品，我们需要从消费者那里得到更多的反馈”，consumer意为“消费者”，是“使用商品或服务的人”，即a person who uses goods or services。故选G。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们应该鼓励学生设定现实的目标。由“We should encourage pupils to set”可知，我们应该鼓励学生设定现实的目标，realistic意为“现实的”，是“意识到或表现出对事物本来面目的意识”，即aware or expressing awareness of things as they really are。故选E。
【44题详解】
考查动词。句意：他拐弯抹角地让我离开，这让我很恼火。由“His indirect way of telling me to leave”可知，句子表示“他拐弯抹角地让我离开，这让我很恼火”，annoyed意为“使……恼火”，是“引起不耐烦或愤怒”，即arouse impatience or anger。故选F。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这个物种将在几十年内灭绝。由“This species”可知，句子表示“这个物种将在几十年内灭绝”，extinct意为“灭绝的”，是“不再存在”，即no longer in existence。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们的社区是野生动物保护的领导者。由“wildlife”可知，句子表示“我们的社区是野生动物保护的领导者”，conservation意为“保护”，是“防止某物丢失或损坏的行为”，即the act of preventing something from being lost or damaged。故选A。
单词释义
A. Repeatedly; all the time
B. Willingness to work hard and give energy to a job
C. In the usual or ordianry way
D. The act of working together for a shared purpose
E. Be thought of as good by people in general
F. The quantities of goods that is made
G. Official permission
47. She is a recognized authority in the field of missile.
48. This series is produced in cooperation with Hong Kong TV.
49. We must increase production levels.
50 We should submit our plans to the council for approval.
51. Language is constantly and gradually developing.
【答案】47. E 48. D
49. F 50. G
51. A
【解析】
47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她是导弹领域公认的权威。根据句意可知，本句中的recognized意为“公认的”，与E. Be thought of as good by people in general(被一般人认为是好的)接近。故选E。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：本剧是与香港电视台合作制作的。根据句意可知，本句中的cooperation意为“合作”，与D. The act of working together for a shared purpose(为了一个共同的目标而一起工作的行为)接近。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们必须提高生产水平。根据句意可知，本句中的production意为“生产”，与F. The quantities of goods that is made(生产的货物数量)接近。故选F。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们应该把我们的计划提交理事会批准。根据句意可知，本句中的approval意为“批准”，与G. Official permission(官方许可)接近。故选G。
【51题详解】
考查。句意：语言在不断地逐渐发展。根据句意可知，本句中的constantly意为“不断地”，与A. Repeatedly; all the time(反复，一直)接近。故选A。
六、单词拼写(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分，请用U1-4的新词)
52. After the typhoon, all the buildings were completely d__________, all in ruins.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】damaged##amaged
【解析】
【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：台风过后，所有的建筑物都被完全摧毁，成了废墟。根据句中“all in ruins”可知，这里只所有的建筑物都被毁了，结合首字母提示及空前were，所以空处使用过去分词damaged，故填damaged。
53. Great changes have taken place in every corner of China in the recent several d__________, especially the last ten years. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】decades##ecades
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：最近几十年，尤其是最近十年，中国的每个角落都发生了巨大的变化。由“especially the last ten years”可知，句子表示“最近几十年，尤其是最近十年，中国的每个角落都发生了巨大的变化”，空格处意为“十年”，由首字母提示d可知，应用名词decade，空前有several，空格处用复数。故填decades。
54. Robins were known to be dying out and all efforts were made to save the e____________ animal. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】endangered##ndangered
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：众所周知，知更鸟正在灭绝，人们尽了一切努力来拯救这种濒危动物。根据空前提示短语“dying out”和首字母提示可知，此处使用形容词endangered，表示“（动植物）濒危的；(生命等)有危险的”，作定语，修饰名词animal。故填endangered。
55. Though my application has been r__________ by the company, I will keep trying other positions till I am employed. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】rejected ## ejected
【解析】
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：虽然我的申请被公司拒绝了，但我会继续尝试其他职位，直到被录用。结合句意可知，此处用动词reject表示“拒绝”，与主语my application之间是被动关系，且空前有been，故用过去分词形式，故填rejected。
56. He successfully became the president after defeating a group of strong o___________ in the election. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】opponents##pponents
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他在选举中击败了一群强大的对手，成功地成为了总统。由“He successfully became the president after defeating a group of strong”可知，他在选举中击败了一群强大的对手，成功地成为了总统，空格处意为“对手”，由首字母提示o可知，应用名词opponent，空前有a group of，空格处用复数。故填opponents。
57. So far, he has been the most ______________(有影响力的) writer in literature. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】influential
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：到目前为止，他是文学界最有影响力的作家。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词influential，作定语，修饰名词writer。故填influential。
58. I am so ill today that I have to make an _______________(约定，会面) with the doctor. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】appointment
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我今天病得很厉害，不得不和医生预约。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词appointment，an后跟可数名词的单数形式。故填appointment。
59. He remained energetic due to his _____________(有规律的) workout in the stadium. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】regular
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于在体育场有规律的锻炼，他仍然精力充沛。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词regular，作定语，修饰空后名词workout。故填 regular。
60. Some rare animals are traded ______________(非法) by hunters to get huge benefit. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】illegally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：一些珍稀动物被猎人非法交易以获取巨大利益。空格处用副词修饰动词traded，“非法”的副词是illegally，故填illegally。
61. The witness ____________(声称) the driver was lying to escape being fined. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】claimed
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：目击者声称司机说谎是为了逃避罚款。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词claim，由was可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填claimed。
七、句子翻译(共3小题，每小题5分，满分15分)
62. 世上只剩下5只知更鸟，其中仅有一只可以下蛋。(非限制性定从)(汉译英)
【答案】There are only five Robins left in the world, only one of which can lay eggs.
【解析】
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。结合句意可知，在讲述现在的情况，用一般现在时，用only five Robins left表示“只剩5只知更鸟”作先行词，后跟定语从句only one of which can lay eggs表示“其中仅有一只可以下蛋”；主句主语为复数形式，be动词用are，故翻译为There are only five Robins left in the world, only one of which can lay eggs.
63. 为了保护濒危物种，我们设立了动植物可得到保护的特区。(限制性定从)(汉译英)
【答案】To protect endangered species, we set up special zones where animals and plants can be protected.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和不定式。“为了保护濒危物种”用不定式表目的，翻译为to protect endangered species，“我们设立了动植物可得到保护的特区”用一般过去时描述过去的事情，“设立”是set up，“特区”是special zones，“动植物可得到保护的”用where引导定语从句，修饰先行词special zones，“动植物可得到保护”是animals and plants can be protected。故答案为To protect endangered species, we set up special zones where animals and plants can be protected.
64. 越来越多台风袭击日本，人们意识到就是人类活动导致了自然灾害。(with+宾+宾补，强调句型)(汉译英)
【答案】With more and more typhoons hitting Japan, people are aware that it’s human activity that causes natural disasters.
【解析】
【详解】考查with复合结构，时态，主谓一致和强调句。“越来越多台风袭击日本”用with复合结构，“越来越多”是more and more，“台风”是typhoon，用复数，“袭击”是hit，用现在分词表主动，作宾语补足语，“越来越多台风袭击日本”翻译为with more and more typhoons hitting Japan；“人们意识到”用一般现在时，翻译为people are aware that...，“就是人类活动导致了自然灾害”用强调句，时态用一般现在时，结构是it is+被强调的部分+that/who+其他部分，“人类活动”是human activity，“导致了自然灾害”是cause natural disasters，因此整句话翻译为With more and more typhoons hitting Japan, people are aware that it’s human activity that causes natural disasters.
八、书面表达(共25分)
65. 假设你是学生会主席李华，学校委托你给下学期到学校任教的外籍老师Steven推荐一名学生助手(assistant), 根据以下要点给他写一封推荐信。内容包括
1. 写信目的
2. 推荐王明为助手，说明三点理由(1… 2… 3…)
注意：字数100字左右，句子要连贯
Dear Steven,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Steven,
I’m Li Hua, chairman of the Students’ Union. It’s great to learn that you are coming to teach in our school next semester.
I was asked to write to you, recommending Wang Ming, a Senior 2 student, aged 17, to be your assistant. First of all, he is a diligent student, who can use the computer skillfully and has a gift for communicating with others. What’s more, he is expert at spoken English so that he can explain everything to you clearly. Last but not least, he is warm-hearted and ready to help others in need. I am confident that he can be helpful in your work and life in China. If you have any questions, please don’t hesitate to ask me.
Looking forward to your coming soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给下学期到学校任教的外籍老师Steven写一封推荐信，推荐一名学生助手(assistant)。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
学期：semester → term
首先：first of all → to start with
天赋：gift → talent
擅长：be expert at → do well in
2. 简单句变复合句
原句：Last but not least, he is warm-hearted and ready to help others in need.
拓展句：Last but not least, he is warm-hearted and ready to help others in need, which earns him a good reputation in our school.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
It’s great to learn that you are coming to teach in our school next semester.（运用that引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】
He is a diligent student, who can use the computer skillfully and has a gift for communicating with others.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）
佛山三中2022-2023学年上学期第2次教学质量检测试卷
高二英语
一、听力(略)
二、阅读理解(共三节，满分40分)
第一节(共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分)
A
At eleven, I decide to learn to swim. There was a pool at the Y.M.C.A offering exactly the opportunity. Mother continually warned against it, and kept fresh in my mind the details of each drowningin the river. But the Y M. C. A pool was safe.
I had a childhood fear of water. This started when I was three years old and father took me to the beach. The huge waves knocked me down and swept over me.
The pool was quiet. I was afraid of going in all alone, so I sat on the side of the pool to wait for others. Then came a big boy. He yelled, “Hi, Skinny! How’d you like to be ducked?” with that he picked me up and threw me into the deep end. I landed in a sitting position, and swallowed water. But I was not frightened out of my wits- when my feet hit the bottom, I would make a big jump, come out of the surface. It seemed a long way down. I gathered all my strength when I landed and made what I thought was a great spring upwards. Then I opened my eyes and saw nothing but water. I tried to yell but no sound came out. I went down, down, endlessly.
When I came to consciousness, I found myself lying on the bed in the hospital.
I never went back to the pool. I avoided water whenever I could. This misadventure stayed with me as the years rolled by. It deprived me of joy of boating and swimming. Finally, I decided to get an instructor. Piece by piece, he built a swimmer. Several months later, the instructor was finished, but I was not. Sometimes the terror would return.
This went on until July. I swam across the Lake Wentworth. Only once did the terror return. When I was in the middle of the lake, I put my face under and saw nothing but bottomless water. I laughed and said, “Well, Mr. Terror, what do you think you can do to me?” I had conquered my fear of water.
1. The author’s original fear of water was caused by __________.
A. his poor skill in swimming
B. his mother’s warning of drowning
C an outing to the beach with his father
D. an unpleasant memory of the pool
2. Why was the author not scared to death when he was thrown into the water?
A. He knew how to swim in the pool.
B. He felt that the Y.M. C. A.
C. He was waiting for others to save him.
D. He came up with an idea to go upwards.
3. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Goodbye, Mr. Terror
B. Hello, Childhood Fear
C. a Swimming adventure
D. My Passion for Swimming
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者小时候和父亲去海滩的遭遇使作者开始害怕水，直到自己游过Wentworth湖时，才克服对水的恐惧的经历。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I had a childhood fear of water. This started when I was three years old and father took me to the beach The huge waves knocked me down and swept over me.(我小时候很怕水。这件事开始于我三岁的时候，父亲带我去海滩。巨大的海浪把我撞倒，淹没了我。)”可知，作者最初对水的恐惧是由和他父亲一起去海滩郊游引起的。故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“But I was not frightened out of my wits- when my feet hit the bottom, I would make a big jump, come out of the surface. It seemed a long way down. I gathered all my strength when I landed and made what I thought was a great spring upwards.(但我并没有被吓得魂飞魄散——当我的脚触底时，我会猛地一跳，跳出水面。这似乎是一条很长的路。当我着陆时，我聚集了所有的力量，我认为这是一个向上的大弹簧。)”可以推断出，作者认为自己找到了向上跳出水面的方法，所以他没有害怕，故选D。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“When I was in the middle of the lake, I put my face under and saw nothing but bottomless water. I laughed and said, “Well, Mr. Terror, what do you think you can do to me?” I had conquered my fear of water.(当我在湖中央的时候，我把脸埋在下面，除了无底的水什么也看不到。我笑着说：“好吧，恐怖先生，你觉得你能把我怎么样？”我已经克服了对水的恐惧。)”，再结合文章，可知作者主要描述了自己从小害怕水又到克服水的经历。主题应该是克服对水的恐惧。A选项“Goodbye, Mr. Terror(再见，恐怖先生)”符合文章主题，适合做标题，故选A。
B
Researchers at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center mapped brain changes after a year of aerobic workouts and uncovered a potentially significant process: Exercise increases blood flow into two key areas of the brain associated with memory.
The study, published in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, showed this blood flow can help even older people with memory issues improve cognition, a finding that could guide future Alzheimer’s disease research, according to UT Southwestern Medical Center.
In the study, researchers followed 30 participants who were 60 or older and had memory problems. Half experienced a year of aerobic exercise while the other half did stretches. “We’ve shown that even when your memory starts to fade, you can still do something about it by adding aerobic exercise to your lifestyle,” said Binu Thomas, a senior research scientist of UT Southwestern Medical Center who led the study. “The aerobic exercise group showed a 47% improvement in some memory scores after a year; the other group showed slight change. Brain imaging of the aerobic exercise group, taken while at rest at the beginning and end of the study, showed increased blood flew into the specific brain areas that played important roles in memory function.”
Many teams across the world are trying to determine if aerobic exercise might fight memory loss. Evidence is growing that it could at least play a small role in delaying or reducing the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. For example, a 2018 study showed that people with lower fitness levels experienced faster retrogression of vital nerve fibers in the brain called white matter related to memory.
“Blood flow in the brain connected with memory improvement is still a part of the puzzle, and we need to continue piecing it together,” Thomas says. “But we’ve seen enough date to know that starting a fitness program can have lifelong benefits for our brains as well as our hearts.”
4. What is the study mainly about?
A. Old people have memory issues. B. Exercise improves memory.
C. Aerobic workouts benefit mental health. D. Alzheimer’s disease can be cured.
5. What does the underlined word “retrogression” mean in the fourth paragraph?
A. Growth. B. Recovery. C. Decline. D. Increase.
6. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Further research work requires doing.
B. More people experience memory loss.
C. Mystery of brain blood flow has been solved.
D. Signs of memory loss can be discovered earlier.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究人员通过实验发现锻炼增加了大脑中与记忆相关的两个关键区域的血液流量，研究表明，这种血液流动甚至可以帮助有记忆问题的老年人改善认知能力，这一发现可以指导未来的阿尔茨海默病研究。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究重要意义。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Researchers at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center mapped brain changes after a year of aerobic workouts and uncovered a potentially significant process: Exercise increases blood flow into two key areas of the brain associated with memory.(德克萨斯大学西南医学中心的研究人员绘制了一年有氧锻炼后大脑的变化图，并发现了一个潜在的重要过程：锻炼增加了大脑中与记忆相关的两个关键区域的血液流量)”以及第二段“The study, published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, showed this blood flow can help even older people with memory issues improve cognition, a finding that could guide future Alzheimer's disease research, according to UT Southwestern Medical Center.(据德克萨斯大学西南医学中心称，这项发表在《阿尔茨海默病杂志》上的研究表明，这种血液流动甚至可以帮助有记忆问题的老年人改善认知能力，这一发现可以指导未来的阿尔茨海默病研究)”可知，这项研究的主要内容是锻炼提高记忆力。故选B。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段中“Many teams across the world are trying to determine if aerobic exercise might fight memory loss. Evidence is growing that it could at least play a small role in delaying or reducing the risk of Alzheimer’s disease.(世界各地的许多团队都在试图确定有氧运动是否可以对抗记忆丧失。 越来越多的证据表明，它至少可以在延缓或降低阿尔茨海默病的风险方面发挥一点作用)”结合画线词上文“a 2018 study showed that people with lower fitness levels experienced faster”以及后文“of vital nerve fibers in the brain called white matter related to memory.”可知，2018年的一项研究表明，健康水平较低的人大脑中重要神经纤维（与记忆有关的白质）衰退得更快，故画线词意思是“衰退”。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Blood flow in the brain connected with memory improvement is still a part of the puzzle, and we need to continue piecing it together," Thomas says.(托马斯说：“大脑中的血液流动与记忆改善有关，这仍然是谜题的一部分，我们需要继续把它们拼凑起来。”)”可推知，需要做进一步的研究工作。故选A。
C
With these increased pressures and difficulty in ensuring a graduate job, more people are turning to recruitment (招聘) agencies for help. Luke Harper wrote for the Independent warning students to be cautious when using graduate recruitment agencies in their job hunt. The article’s main argument against graduate recruitment agencies is that they are looking to sign people up to the agency and harvest data, without having any real intention to personally find them a job.
The fundamental problem with this approach is a basic misunderstanding of how the recruitment sector works. One of the more common ways is that recruitment agencies aim to find you a job to secure a fee from their clients. Recruitment agencies operate as a business, not a careers service and are not expected to find you a job while you wait around.
There is no denying that amongst the recruitment agencies, there are some CV(简历) hungry, cut and shut agencies that are uninterested in the candidates they have on their books. However, nowadays these are in the minority and don’t tend to last very long.
Paul Farrer, Chief Executive of a leading recruitment agency is worried that a few bad apples are ruining the reputation of what is an excellent sector. Farrer said “The trouble with such an imbalanced and misleading article is that some graduates may now be put off approaching recruitment agencies who may well be able to help them.”
Professionals in the industry are cautious of how some of the less respectable agencies operate. Earnest recruiters believe that graduates should be aware that some of these agencies will take on graduates for all their details rather than helping them find a job, like Harper mentioned. To fight this, Farrar advises that “Graduates should have a simple checklist before approaching any agency. Has the agency taken the time to talk to me? Have they invited me to a face-to-face meeting? Have they guaranteed not to forward my CV to any employer without my permission? These three steps will safeguard every application.”
Farrer also pointed out that that is not the only safety net that graduates can rely on. He said “Graduates can also check to see if the agencies are members of either APSCo or the REC, the two trade bodies they can make an official complaint to. The vast majority of recruitment agencies are professional organizations that help place thousands of graduates every year and poorly researched articles help no one.”
7. The main purpose of this passage is ______ graduate recruitment agencies.
A. to advise readers to be cautious of
B. to argue against some misjudgment against
C. to explain why there is a prejudice against
D. to seek the solutions to the problems caused by
8. Which of the following is RIGHT according to the passage?
A. Luke Harper holds the same idea about jobs with Paul Farrer.
B. Recruitment agencies actually do the same work as a careers service.
C. Job hunters’ detailed information is of value to recruitment agencies.
D. A member of APSCo or the REC will not cheat its clients.
9. What advice does Paul Farrer give graduates to avoid less respectable agencies?
A. Consulting professionals before giving their personal details to an agency.
B. Making a face-to-face investigation into an agency before approaching it.
C. Guaranteeing that the agency will not forward their CV to any employer.
D. Selecting some agencies that are monitored by official trade bodies.
10. What is the author’s attitude towards graduate recruitment agencies?
A. Neutral. B. Positive. C. Negative. D. Not Clear.
【答案】7. B 8. C 9. D 10. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章批判了一些招聘机构不对应聘者负责，只是收集他们的私人信息，并建议毕业生也要检查看看招聘机构是不是正规。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The article’s main argument against graduate recruitment agencies is that they are looking to sign people up to the agency and harvest data, without having any real intention to personally find them a job.(这篇文章反对毕业生招聘机构的主要论点是，他们只是想让人们签约，收集数据，而没有任何亲自为他们找到工作的真正意图)”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是反对一些对毕业生招聘机构的错误判断。故选B项。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Earnest recruiters believe that graduates should be aware that some of these agencies will take on graduates for all their details rather than helping them find a job, like Harper mentioned.(认真的招聘人员认为，毕业生应该意识到，有些中介会根据毕业生的细节来招聘他们，而不是像哈珀提到的那样帮助他们找到工作)”可知，求职者的详细信息对招聘机构很有价值。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Graduates can also check to see if the agencies are members of either APSCo or the REC, the two trade bodies they can make an official complaint to. The vast majority of recruitment agencies are professional organizations that help place thousands of graduates every year and poorly researched articles help no one.(毕业生亦可查询有关机构是否属APSCo或REC的成员，他们可向这两个贸易团体提出正式投诉。绝大多数的招聘机构都是专业的组织，每年都帮助成千上万的毕业生，而研究不足的文章对任何人都没有帮助)”可知，保罗·法瑞尔认为，毕业生应该选择一些由官方行业机构监管的中介机构，以避免不那么受人尊敬的中介机构。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“However, nowadays these are in the minority and don’t tend to last very long.(然而现在这样的不良机构毕竟是少数，而且都不会长久)”可见，作者对毕业生招聘机构持积极的态度。故选B项。
第二节 语句排序(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
11. 按照正确语序排序
A. The course’s themes, which are rooted in positive psychology studies, include how to encourage good relationships, deal with difficulties, make the workplace happier and build caring communities.
B. There are plenty of classes claiming they can make you happier, but few are supported by the gold standard of evidence: a randomized controlled trial (随机对照试验).
C. Researchers from the London School of Economics carried out such a study called Exploring What Matters, developed by the international charity Action for Happiness.
D. This one-point increase is bigger than waht researchers usually measure when an unemployed person finds a job or a single person enters a new relationship. The course participants also reduced their anxiety on average.
E. The trial looked at 146 people who’d resigstered for the course. For the participants who successfully completed it, self-rated life satisfaction rose from an average of 6.4 out of 10 before the course to 7.4 afterwards.
【答案】BCAED
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有很多课程声称它们可以让你更快乐，但很少有黄金标准的证据支持：随机对照试验。文章介绍了关于随机对照试验的研究开展过程以及发现。
【详解】第一句应总起全文，指出文章的主旨：证据支持：随机对照试验。故B选项“有很多课程声称它们可以让你更快乐，但很少有黄金标准的证据支持：随机对照试验”排序第一；第二句开始介绍研究开展的过程，C选项“伦敦经济学院的研究人员进行了一项名为“探索什么是重要的”的研究，由国际慈善机构“幸福行动”开展”排序第二；第三句承接第二句，介绍这门课程的主题以及内容，A选项“这门课程的主题植根于积极心理学研究，包括如何鼓励良好的人际关系、处理困难、让工作场所更快乐，以及建立相互关爱的社区”排第三；第四句介绍参加该课程的人的情况，E选项“该试验调查了146名报名参加该课程的人。对于成功完成课程的参与者来说，自评生活满意度从课程前的平均6.4分（满分10分）上升到课程后的7.4分”排第四；第五句介绍研究的发现“这一个百分点的增长比研究人员通常在失业人员找到工作或单身人士开始一段新关系时测量的要大。课程参与者的焦虑程度也平均有所降低”，D选项排第五。故答案为BCAED。
第三节 七选五(共5小题，每题2分，满分10分)
Rich and Famous
Twenty years ago the most common ambition of American children was to be a teacher, followed by working in banking and finance, and then medicine. But today’s situation is quite different. ____12____. Instead, they most commonly say they want to be a sports star, a pop star, or an actor—in other words, they hope to become a celebrity.
According to experts, young people desire these jobs largely because of the wealth and the fame. ____13____. Let’s take athletes and singers as an example. Many athletes’ best time only lasts a few years and singers can have a very limited career. The field that was once the focus of their lives becomes something they have little or no involvement in. As a result, they’ll have a feeling of worthlessness and a lack of control. Besides, it can be difficult for them to adapt back to a normal everyday life.
____14____ They are not satisfied with just making a living—they want to be rich and famous. Globally, more and more TV shows provide talent competitions where winners can achieve their goals in just a few weeks or months. This quick way of gaining wealth and fame creates a celebrity culture among people. ____15____
While many people argue that there is nothing wrong with having such ambitions, others feel that this trend will finally lead to dissatisfaction as more and more people are unable to reach their goals. ____16____ That means they ignore the simple fact that great effort is needed before success. As a result, many people won’t realize their childhood dreams, which could have a negative effect on their happiness.
A. They don’t value talents anymore.
B. Nowadays the younger generation prefer excitement.
C. The younger generation don’t favor these professions any more.
D. Unfortunately, they do not always have a positive effect on people’s life.
E. The reason is that they don’t realize it takes talent and hard work to be rich and famous.
F. Even so, there is greater ambition than ever among young people to achieve that status.
G. They unrealistically believe that this lifestyle is easily obtained and leads to great satisfaction.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. F 15. G 16. E
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章说明了现在美国儿童心目中向往职业的变化过程，变化原因和其现实性。
【12题详解】
前文"Twenty years ago the most common ambition of American children was to be a teache，followed by working in banking and finance，and then medicine."（20年前，美国孩子最普遍的抱负是当一名教师，然后是在银行和金融业工作，然后是医学。）讲述了20年前美国儿童心目中向往的职业；根据设空前的“But today’s situation is quite different.”（但今天的情况完全不同。）可推断，现在的年轻人的抱负发生了改变；C选项年轻一代不再喜欢这些职业了”符合语境。故选C。
【13题详解】
前文"According to experts，young people desire these jobs largely because of the wealth and the fame"(据专家表示，年轻人渴望这些工作很大程度上是因为财富和名声)说明了年轻人选择这些职业的原因；后文“ Let’s take athletes and singers as an example. Many athletes’ best time only lasts a few years and singers can have a very limited career. ”（让我们以运动员和歌手为例。许多运动员的最佳时期只持续几年，歌手的职业生涯也很有限。）举例说明了这些职业并不总是那么光鲜，也有其局限性；D选项“不幸的是，他们并不总是对人们的生活产生积极的影响。”是对上句的进一步说明，they与the wealth and the fame对应；且下文运动员和歌手的例子也验证了D选项要表达的意思。故选D。
【14题详解】
前文“As a result, they’ll have a feeling of worthlessness and a lack of control. Besides, it can be difficult for them to adapt back to a normal everyday life.”（因此，他们会有一种自己毫无价值和缺乏控制的感觉。此外，他们很难适应正常的日常生活。）说明了运动员歌手这些职业的负面影响；后文“They are not satisfied with just making a living—they want to be rich and famous.”（他们不满足于仅仅谋生——他们想变得富有和出名。）说明了年轻人的梦想并没有发生变化，他们仍然想追求财富和名声；F选项“即便如此，年轻人也比以往任何时候都有更大的野心去获得这种地位。”中的so与前文这些职业的负面影响对应，ambition与后文的be rich and famous对应，所以F选项起到了承上启下的作用。故选F。
【15题详解】
分析本段内容可知，本段主要说明了年轻人追求财富和名声的原因。前文“This quick way of gaining wealth and fame creates a celebrity culture among people.”（这种快速获得财富和名声的方式在人们中创造了一种名人文化。）说明了现在存在快速获得财富和名声的方式；G选项“他们不切实际地认为这种生活方式很容易获得，并带来很大的满足。”中的easily与quick对应，obtained与gaining对应，说明了上文那种快速成名的方式对年轻人的影响，且属于年轻人追求财富名声的原因之一，符合段落大意。故选G。
【16题详解】
前文“While many people argue that there is nothing wrong with having such ambitions, others feel that this trend will finally lead to dissatisfaction as more and more people are unable to reach their goals. ”（虽然很多人认为有这样的雄心壮志并没有错，但其他人认为这种趋势最终会导致不满，因为越来越多的人无法达到他们的目标。）说明了有些人不赞同快速追求名声和财富的方式；后文“That means they ignore the simple fact that great effort is needed before success. ”（这意味着他们忽视了一个简单的事实:成功之前需要巨大的努力。）中的that应该指代设空处的内容；E选项“原因是他们没有意识到要变得富有和出名需要天赋和努力。”中的hard work与后文的effort对应，且和后文表达的意思一致，承接了前文说明了一些人不赞同的原因。故选E。
三、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
Dad had a green comb. He bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would hand me his ____17____ and say, “Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK?”
I was pleased to do it. At age five, this dull task brought me such ____18____. I would excitedly ____19____ the tap and brush the comb carefully. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would happily return the comb to Dad. He would ____20____ affectionately at me and place the comb on his wallet.
Two years later, Dad started his own ____21____, which wasn’t doing so well. That was when things started to ____22____. Dad didn’t come home as early and as much as he used to. Mum and I became ____23____ with him for placing our family in trouble. With time going by, an uncomfortable silence grew between us.
After my graduation, Dad’s business was getting back on track. On my 28th birthday, Dad came home ____24____. As usual I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he said, “Hey, would you help me clean my comb?” I looked at him for a while, then took the comb and ____25____ to the sink.
It hit me then: why, as a child, helping Dad clean his comb brought me _____26_____. That routine meant Dad was home early to spend the evening with Mum and me. It _____27_____ a happy and loving family.
I passed the clean comb back to Dad. He smiled at me and _____28_____ placed his comb on his wallet. But this time, I noticed something different. Dad had _____29_____. He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled, yet his smile was still as _____30_____ as before, the smile of a father who just wanted a good _____31_____ for his family.
17. A. bag B. wallet C. comb D. brush
18. A. joy B. sadness C. courage D. pain
19. A. turn out B. turn over C. turn in D. turn on
20. A. stare B. smile C. shout D. laugh
21. A. family B. task C. business D. journey
22. A. progress B. change C. improve D. form
23. A. satisfied B. delighted C. mad D. strict
24. A. occasionally B. early C. frequently D. rarely
25. A. drove B. flew C. charged D. headed
26. A. satisfaction B. unhappiness C. anger D. trouble
27. A. affected B. broke C. meant D. supported
28. A. firmly B. hurriedly C. casually D. carefully
29. A. aged B. fitted C. shrunk D. increased
30. A. convincing B. heartwarming C. cautious D. innocent
31 A. life B. reputation C. origin D. education
【答案】17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. C 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者小时候经常帮爸爸洗他珍爱的梳子，后来爸爸忙于事业，作者感觉爸爸和家庭疏远了，直到后来再次帮爸爸洗梳子时，突然发现爸爸老了，才明白爸爸为这个家庭付出了很多，他其实一直爱着这个家。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上，他都会把他的梳子递给我，说：“好女儿，帮爸爸洗一下，好吗？”A. bag包；B. wallet钱包；C. comb梳子；D. brush刷子。根据前文“Dad had a green comb. He bought it when he married Mum.”以及后文““Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK?””可知，爸爸把结婚时买的梳子递给我，叫我帮他洗梳子。故选C项。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：五岁时，这个枯燥的任务给我带来了快乐。A. joy快乐；B. sadness伤心；C. courage勇气；D. pain痛苦。根据前文“I was pleased to do it.”可知，作者小时候很开心帮爸爸洗梳子，因此这个事也给作者带来了快乐。故选A项。
【19题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我会兴奋地打开水龙头，仔细地刷梳子。A. turn out结果是；B. turn over打翻；C. turn in上缴；D. turn on打开。根据后文“brush the comb carefully”可知，作者开心地打开水龙头，然后认真地刷梳子。故选D项。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会深情地对我微笑，然后把梳子放在他的钱包上。A. stare盯着看；B. smile微笑；C. shout大喊；D. laugh笑。根据后文“He smiled at me and 12 placed his comb on his wallet.”可知，每次洗完梳子把它交给爸爸时，爸爸总会对着作者微笑。故选B项。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两年后，爸爸开始了自己的事业，但并不顺利。A. family家庭；B. task任务；C. business生意；D. journey旅行。根据后文“That was when things started to 6 . Dad didn’t come home as early and as much as he used to.”可知，爸爸在忙自己的生意之后，就没有像之前那样顾家了，回家也没有一起那么早了。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，事情开始发生变化。A. progress进步；B. change改变；C. improve改善；D. form形成。根据后文“Dad didn’t come home as early and as much as he used to. Mum and I became 7 with him for placing our family in trouble.”可知，爸爸开始自己的事业后，就不像以前早早回家，作者和妈妈对他也很生气，因此事情发生变化了。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和妈妈因为他让我们家陷入困境而生他的气。A. satisfied满意的；B. delighted开心的；C. mad生气的；D. strict严格的。根据后文“placing our family in trouble”可知，爸爸做了生意，让家里陷入了困境，又加上不像以前那么顾家了，所以作者和妈妈对他很生气。故选C项。
24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我28岁生日那天，爸爸很早就回家了。A. occasionally有时；B. early早地；C. frequently频繁地；D. rarely很少地。根据前文“After my graduation, Dad’s business was getting back on track.”以及后文“As usual I helped him carry his bags into his study.”可知，爸爸生意上了正轨了，他也回家早了，作者和以前一样帮他把包放进书房里。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看了他一会儿，然后拿起梳子，向水槽走去。A. drove开车；B. flew飞；C. charged收费；D. headed前往。根据前文“When I turned to leave, he said, “Hey, would you help me clean my comb?” I looked at him for a while, then took the comb”可知，在我要离开书房时，爸爸叫作者帮他洗梳子，所以作者拿了梳子，朝水槽走去。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这让我突然想到：为什么，小时候，帮助爸爸清洁自己的梳子能给我带来满足感呢？A. satisfaction满足；B. unhappiness不开心；C. anger生气；D. trouble麻烦。根据前文“I was pleased to do it. At age five, this dull task brought me such 2 . I would excitedly 3 the tap and brush the comb carefully. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would happily return the comb to Dad.”可知，小时候作者很喜欢给爸爸洗梳子，洗完后感到很满意很开心，因此长大了再次帮爸爸洗梳子让作者不禁问自己为什么小时候这件事能给她带来满足感。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种作息时间意味着爸爸会早早回家，晚上和妈妈、我一起度过。A. affected影响；B. broke打破；C. meant意味着；D. supported支持。根据前文“That routine meant Dad was home early to spend the evening with Mum and me.”可知，爸爸又能像以前一样早早回家陪作者和妈妈，因此这也意味着作者家又像以前一样充满爱。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他对我笑了笑，小心地把梳子放在钱包里。A. firmly坚定地；B. hurriedly匆忙地；C. casually随意地；D. carefully小心地。根据前文“Dad had a green comb. He bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would hand me his 1 and say, “Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK?””可知，爸爸很看重这个梳子，每天都要清洗它，因此都是小心翼翼地把放好。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸变老了。A. aged变老；B. fitted安装；C. shrunk缩小；D. increased增加。根据后文“He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled”可知，爸爸长了皱纹，变老了。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他微笑时，他的眼睛旁边有皱纹，但他的笑容仍然像以前一样温暖，一个只想让家人过上好日子的父亲的笑容。A. convincing令人信服的；B. heartwarming温暖人心的；C. cautious谨慎的；D. innocent天真的。根据前文“He would 4 affectionately at me and place the comb on his wallet.”可知，爸爸的微笑很让人感到温暖。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他微笑时，他的眼睛旁边有皱纹，但他的笑容仍然像以前一样温暖，一个只想让家人过上好日子的父亲的笑容。A. life生活；B. reputation名声；C. origin起源；D. education教育。根据前文“Two years later, Dad started his own 5 , which wasn’t doing so well. That was when things started to 6 . Dad didn’t come home as early and as much as he used to.”可知，爸爸开始自己的事业后，经常忙得不得了，回家都很晚，所以爸爸是为了给我们这个家创造好的生活。故选A项。
四、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
语法填空
Wild Chinese sturgeon (鲟) are thought to have lived at the same time as dinosaurs and among the first class of protected animals in China. Last week, a wild Chinese sturgeon, ___32___ is believed to be the largest ever found in the past two decades, arrived in Beijing for better treatment. The species is one of the critically endangered ___33___ (species) in China and can be found only in the Yangtze and Pearl rivers.
The Chinese sturgeon “Houfu”, which literally means “good fortune for ever after”, arrived at the Beijing Aquarium on Monday after 22 hours of transport ___34___ Hubei Province.
When ___35___(find) by a fisherman in the Yangtze River Basin, it had been suffering from multiple injuries. It was sent to the Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute for treatment immediately. ___36___ she was so weak, local care takers had difficulty ___37___(feed) it. The Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute decided to move it to Beijing to receive ___38___ (far) treatment.
Nicknamed “Aquatic giant pandas” and listed as a wild creature under state protection, ___39___ (fortunate), the species has been struggling due to water projects, busy waterway traffic ___40___ pollution in recent years. The number of Chinese sturgeon living in the wild ___41___(fall) sharply to about 50 now from about 1, 000 in 1982, according to researchers’ estimates.
【答案】32. which
33. species
34. from 35. found
36. As##Because
37. feeding
38. further
39. unfortunately
40. and 41. has fallen
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一条受伤的野生中华鲟“后福”抵达北京寻求更好治疗的事件，同时介绍了中国野生中华鲟的近况与数量减少的原因。
【32题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：上周，一条野生中华鲟抵达北京接受更好的治疗，这条中华鲟被认为是过去20年来发现的最大的中华鲟。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词“a wild Chinese sturgeon”是动物，空格处用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。
【33题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：该物种是中国极度濒危物种之一，仅能在长江和珠江中找到。one of后跟名词的复数，species的复数是species，故填species。
【34题详解】
考查介词。句意：这条中华鲟“后福”，字面意思是“从此吉祥如意”，经过从湖北省开始的22个小时的运输，于周一抵达北京水族馆。由“arrived at the Beijing Aquarium”可知，它是从湖北运往北京的，空格处意为“从……”，用介词from，故填from。
【35题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：当一名渔民在长江流域发现它时，它已经多处受伤。它被渔民发现，且句子描述过去的事情，根据句意可知，when引导的从句应该是when it was found by a fisherman in the Yangtze River Basin，从句中的主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是found。故填found。
【36题详解】
考查原因状语从句。句意：由于她身体虚弱，当地的护理人员很难喂养它。由“local care takers had difficulty__6___(feed) it”可知，句子表示“由于她身体虚弱，当地的护理人员很难喂养它”，空格处意为“由于”，用as/because引导原因状语从句，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，故填As或Because。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：由于她身体虚弱，当地的护理人员很难喂养它。固定搭配have difficulty (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”，故填feeding。
【38题详解】
考查比较级。句意：长江水产研究所决定将其转移到北京进行进一步治疗。由“move it to Beijing”可知，句子表示“长江水产研究所决定将其转移到北京进行进一步治疗”，空格处意为“进一步的”，用比较级further。故填further。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：绰号“水生大熊猫”，被列为国家保护野生动物，不幸的是，由于近年来的水利工程、繁忙的水路交通和污染，这个物种一直在挣扎。空格处用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，由“the species has been struggling”可知，空格处意为“不幸的是”，用副词unfortunately，故填unfortunately。
【40题详解】
考查连词。句意：绰号“水生大熊猫”，被列为国家保护野生动物，不幸的是，由于近年来的水利工程、繁忙的水路交通和污染，这个物种一直在挣扎。“busy waterway traffic”和“pollution”是并列关系，句子是肯定句，用and连接，故填and。
【41题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：据研究人员估计，生活在野外的中华鲟数量已从1982年的约1000条急剧下降到现在的约50条。根据now及语境可知，句子表示“据研究人员估计，生活在野外的中华鲟数量已从1982年的约1000条急剧下降到现在的约50条”，空格处用现在完成时表示已经完成的动作，主语The number是单数，因此空格处是has fallen。故填has fallen。
五、词义匹配(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
单词释义
A. the act of preventing something from being lost or damaged
B. a visitor to a family
C. unable to think clearly or understand
D. no longer in existence
E. aware or expressing awareness of things as they really are
F. arouse impatience or anger
G. a person who uses goods or services
42. We need more feedback from the consumer in order to improve our goods.
43. We should encourage pupils to set realistic goals.
44. His indirect way of telling me to leave annoyed me.
45. This species will be extinct in a few decades.
46. Our community is a leader in conservation of wildlife.
【答案】42. G 43. E
44. F 45. D
46. A
【解析】
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：为了改进产品，我们需要从消费者那里得到更多的反馈。由“We need more feedback from”可知，句子表示“为了改进产品，我们需要从消费者那里得到更多的反馈”，consumer意为“消费者”，是“使用商品或服务的人”，即a person who uses goods or services。故选G。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们应该鼓励学生设定现实的目标。由“We should encourage pupils to set”可知，我们应该鼓励学生设定现实的目标，realistic意为“现实的”，是“意识到或表现出对事物本来面目的意识”，即aware or expressing awareness of things as they really are。故选E。
【44题详解】
考查动词。句意：他拐弯抹角地让我离开，这让我很恼火。由“His indirect way of telling me to leave”可知，句子表示“他拐弯抹角地让我离开，这让我很恼火”，annoyed意为“使……恼火”，是“引起不耐烦或愤怒”，即arouse impatience or anger。故选F。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这个物种将在几十年内灭绝。由“This species”可知，句子表示“这个物种将在几十年内灭绝”，extinct意为“灭绝的”，是“不再存在”，即no longer in existence。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们的社区是野生动物保护的领导者。由“wildlife”可知，句子表示“我们的社区是野生动物保护的领导者”，conservation意为“保护”，是“防止某物丢失或损坏的行为”，即the act of preventing something from being lost or damaged。故选A。
单词释义
A. Repeatedly; all the time
B. Willingness to work hard and give energy to a job
C. In the usual or ordianry way
D. The act of working together for a shared purpose
E. Be thought of as good by people in general
F. The quantities of goods that is made
G. Official permission
47. She is a recognized authority in the field of missile.
48. This series is produced in cooperation with Hong Kong TV.
49. We must increase production levels.
50 We should submit our plans to the council for approval.
51. Language is constantly and gradually developing.
【答案】47. E 48. D
49. F 50. G
51. A
【解析】
47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她是导弹领域公认的权威。根据句意可知，本句中的recognized意为“公认的”，与E. Be thought of as good by people in general(被一般人认为是好的)接近。故选E。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：本剧是与香港电视台合作制作的。根据句意可知，本句中的cooperation意为“合作”，与D. The act of working together for a shared purpose(为了一个共同的目标而一起工作的行为)接近。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们必须提高生产水平。根据句意可知，本句中的production意为“生产”，与F. The quantities of goods that is made(生产的货物数量)接近。故选F。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们应该把我们的计划提交理事会批准。根据句意可知，本句中的approval意为“批准”，与G. Official permission(官方许可)接近。故选G。
【51题详解】
考查。句意：语言在不断地逐渐发展。根据句意可知，本句中的constantly意为“不断地”，与A. Repeatedly; all the time(反复，一直)接近。故选A。
六、单词拼写(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分，请用U1-4的新词)
52. After the typhoon, all the buildings were completely d__________, all in ruins.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】damaged##amaged
【解析】
【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：台风过后，所有的建筑物都被完全摧毁，成了废墟。根据句中“all in ruins”可知，这里只所有的建筑物都被毁了，结合首字母提示及空前were，所以空处使用过去分词damaged，故填damaged。
53. Great changes have taken place in every corner of China in the recent several d__________, especially the last ten years. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】decades##ecades
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：最近几十年，尤其是最近十年，中国的每个角落都发生了巨大的变化。由“especially the last ten years”可知，句子表示“最近几十年，尤其是最近十年，中国的每个角落都发生了巨大的变化”，空格处意为“十年”，由首字母提示d可知，应用名词decade，空前有several，空格处用复数。故填decades。
54. Robins were known to be dying out and all efforts were made to save the e____________ animal. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】endangered##ndangered
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：众所周知，知更鸟正在灭绝，人们尽了一切努力来拯救这种濒危动物。根据空前提示短语“dying out”和首字母提示可知，此处使用形容词endangered，表示“（动植物）濒危的；(生命等)有危险的”，作定语，修饰名词animal。故填endangered。
55. Though my application has been r__________ by the company, I will keep trying other positions till I am employed. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】rejected ## ejected
【解析】
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：虽然我的申请被公司拒绝了，但我会继续尝试其他职位，直到被录用。结合句意可知，此处用动词reject表示“拒绝”，与主语my application之间是被动关系，且空前有been，故用过去分词形式，故填rejected。
56. He successfully became the president after defeating a group of strong o___________ in the election. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】opponents##pponents
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他在选举中击败了一群强大的对手，成功地成为了总统。由“He successfully became the president after defeating a group of strong”可知，他在选举中击败了一群强大的对手，成功地成为了总统，空格处意为“对手”，由首字母提示o可知，应用名词opponent，空前有a group of，空格处用复数。故填opponents。
57. So far, he has been the most ______________(有影响力的) writer in literature. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】influential
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：到目前为止，他是文学界最有影响力的作家。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词influential，作定语，修饰名词writer。故填influential。
58. I am so ill today that I have to make an _______________(约定，会面) with the doctor. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】appointment
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我今天病得很厉害，不得不和医生预约。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词appointment，an后跟可数名词的单数形式。故填appointment。
59. He remained energetic due to his _____________(有规律的) workout in the stadium. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】regular
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于在体育场有规律的锻炼，他仍然精力充沛。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词regular，作定语，修饰空后名词workout。故填 regular。
60. Some rare animals are traded ______________(非法) by hunters to get huge benefit. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】illegally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：一些珍稀动物被猎人非法交易以获取巨大利益。空格处用副词修饰动词traded，“非法”的副词是illegally，故填illegally。
61. The witness ____________(声称) the driver was lying to escape being fined. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】claimed
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：目击者声称司机说谎是为了逃避罚款。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词claim，由was可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填claimed。
七、句子翻译(共3小题，每小题5分，满分15分)
62. 世上只剩下5只知更鸟，其中仅有一只可以下蛋。(非限制性定从)(汉译英)
【答案】There are only five Robins left in the world, only one of which can lay eggs.
【解析】
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。结合句意可知，在讲述现在的情况，用一般现在时，用only five Robins left表示“只剩5只知更鸟”作先行词，后跟定语从句only one of which can lay eggs表示“其中仅有一只可以下蛋”；主句主语为复数形式，be动词用are，故翻译为There are only five Robins left in the world, only one of which can lay eggs.
63. 为了保护濒危物种，我们设立了动植物可得到保护的特区。(限制性定从)(汉译英)
【答案】To protect endangered species, we set up special zones where animals and plants can be protected.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和不定式。“为了保护濒危物种”用不定式表目的，翻译为to protect endangered species，“我们设立了动植物可得到保护的特区”用一般过去时描述过去的事情，“设立”是set up，“特区”是special zones，“动植物可得到保护的”用where引导定语从句，修饰先行词special zones，“动植物可得到保护”是animals and plants can be protected。故答案为To protect endangered species, we set up special zones where animals and plants can be protected.
64. 越来越多台风袭击日本，人们意识到就是人类活动导致了自然灾害。(with+宾+宾补，强调句型)(汉译英)
【答案】With more and more typhoons hitting Japan, people are aware that it’s human activity that causes natural disasters.
【解析】
【详解】考查with复合结构，时态，主谓一致和强调句。“越来越多台风袭击日本”用with复合结构，“越来越多”是more and more，“台风”是typhoon，用复数，“袭击”是hit，用现在分词表主动，作宾语补足语，“越来越多台风袭击日本”翻译为with more and more typhoons hitting Japan；“人们意识到”用一般现在时，翻译为people are aware that...，“就是人类活动导致了自然灾害”用强调句，时态用一般现在时，结构是it is+被强调的部分+that/who+其他部分，“人类活动”是human activity，“导致了自然灾害”是cause natural disasters，因此整句话翻译为With more and more typhoons hitting Japan, people are aware that it’s human activity that causes natural disasters.
八、书面表达(共25分)
65. 假设你是学生会主席李华，学校委托你给下学期到学校任教的外籍老师Steven推荐一名学生助手(assistant), 根据以下要点给他写一封推荐信。内容包括
1. 写信目的
2. 推荐王明为助手，说明三点理由(1… 2… 3…)
注意：字数100字左右，句子要连贯
Dear Steven,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Steven,
I’m Li Hua, chairman of the Students’ Union. It’s great to learn that you are coming to teach in our school next semester.
I was asked to write to you, recommending Wang Ming, a Senior 2 student, aged 17, to be your assistant. First of all, he is a diligent student, who can use the computer skillfully and has a gift for communicating with others. What’s more, he is expert at spoken English so that he can explain everything to you clearly. Last but not least, he is warm-hearted and ready to help others in need. I am confident that he can be helpful in your work and life in China. If you have any questions, please don’t hesitate to ask me.
Looking forward to your coming soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给下学期到学校任教的外籍老师Steven写一封推荐信，推荐一名学生助手(assistant)。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
学期：semester → term
首先：first of all → to start with
天赋：gift → talent
擅长：be expert at → do well in
2. 简单句变复合句
原句：Last but not least, he is warm-hearted and ready to help others in need.
拓展句：Last but not least, he is warm-hearted and ready to help others in need, which earns him a good reputation in our school.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
It’s great to learn that you are coming to teach in our school next semester.（运用that引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】
He is a diligent student, who can use the computer skillfully and has a gift for communicating with others.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）
相关试卷
广东省佛山市南海中学2023-2024学年高二英语上学期10月第一次月考试题（Word版附解析）： 这是一份广东省佛山市南海中学2023-2024学年高二英语上学期10月第一次月考试题（Word版附解析），文件包含部编七年级上册语文第五单元教材知识点考点梳理pptx、部编七年级上册语文第五单元教材知识点考点梳理教案docx、部编七年级上册语文第五单元教材知识点考点梳理验收卷原卷版docx、部编七年级上册语文第五单元教材知识点考点梳理验收卷解析版docx等4份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共31页， 欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年广东省佛山市第三中学高二上学期第二次月考 （12月） 英语试题 解析版： 这是一份2022-2023学年广东省佛山市第三中学高二上学期第二次月考 （12月） 英语试题 解析版，共21页。试卷主要包含了听力，阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，词义匹配，单词拼写，句子翻译，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
广东省广州市执信中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期第二次月考试题（Word版附答案）： 这是一份广东省广州市执信中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期第二次月考试题（Word版附答案），共29页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，阅读理解，单词拼写，短语填空，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
