豫东名校2022-2023学年高二英语上学期12月质量检测试题（Word版附解析）

豫东名校2022--2023学年上期高二12月质量检测英语试题

第一部分 听力(略)

第二部分 阅读理解

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A

  Muir Woods and Sausalito Half Day Tour

    Wander through an ancient coastal redwood forest and explore the artistic bayside on this half-day tour from San Francisco. Travel across the Golden Gate Bridge to visit Muir Woods, home to some of the oldest and tallest trees on Earth. At the end of your tour choose between getting dropped off at Union Square in San Francisco or taking the ferry back to San Francisco.

    Yosemite National Park and Giant Sequoias Day Trip

    Discover the beauty of the Sierra Nevada on this full-day trip to Yosemite National Park from San Francisco. Travel aboard a comfortable van through historic Gold Rush towns to reach the park, where you'll be amazed by supersized natural wonders. Take a hike among ancient trees, and enjoy several hours to explore the park's wonders on your own.

    Niagara Falls Tour

    Escape from New York City and head north to see both sides of the Canadian border on this guided, 2-day tour to Niagara Falls. Visit Niagara Falls on both the American and Canadian sides and take a ride on the famous Maid of the Mist boat. Then, on the road back to New York City, make a stop to shop at the Crossings Premium Outlets, one of the largest outlet malls in the US.

    Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour

    Escape to California's famous wine country on this full-day tour from San Francisco. Taste regional varietals at three different wineries including both big-name and family-run estates (庄园).Learn about the wine-making process during guided tours, and appreciate the regional culture with a stop for lunch.

1.Which tour should you choose if you want to do some shopping?

A.Muir Woods and Sausalito Half Day Tour.

B.Yosemite National Park and Giant Sequoias Day Trip.

C.Niagara Falls Tour.

D.Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour.

2.What can you do on Napa and Sonoma Wine Country Tour?

A.Appreciate some of the oldest and tallest trees on Earth.

B.Enjoy supersized natural wonders.

C.Get some wine-making knowledge.

D.Take a ride on the boat.

3.What does the writer intend to do by writing the passage?

A.To introduce some outdoor activities. B.To share some tour experiences.

C.To advertise for the wine country. D.To call for protecting natural wonders.

B

Dr. Nancy Roman, born in 1925, who was celebrated as a pioneer for female scientists and had advanced the launch of the Hubble Space Telescope, died on Dec 25, 2018.

When Nancy Roman asked for permission to take a second algebra (代数) course in high school, a teacher demanded to know “what lady would take mathematics instead of Latin”. In college, a professor admitted that he often tried to prevent women from majoring in physics but Nancy stuck to it. And after receiving Doctor’s degree in astronomy, she found a professional home at NASA (美国宇航局). In 1959, Dr. Roman became the first chief of astronomy at NASA headquarters, a role that made her one of the agency’s first female leaders.

Dr. Roman spent much of her career helping develop, fund and promote technology that would help scientists see more clearly beyond Earths atmosphere. But her most well-known work was perhaps leading to design the Hubble Space Telescope the first major telescope to be sent into space for the purpose of gathering photographs and data from the universe. She was, therefore, named as “the mother of Hubble”.

“She made it possible to get the early telescope up into space to learn what needed to be learned,” said science historian Bob Zimmerman, and her hard-nosed nature helped get the telescope built.

The telescope did not launch until 1990, a little more than a decade after Dr. Roman retired, but when it did, its photographs of the universe thrilled the world. “I am glad,” she once told Science, “I ignored the people who told me that I could not be an astronomer.”

4.What can we conclude from the teacher’s reaction to Nancy Roman’s application for taking a second algebra course?

A. The teacher doubted it. B. The teacher didn’t care about it.

C. The teacher accepted it at once. D. The teacher was strongly against it.

5.What was the most famous achievement of Nancy Roman’s work?

A. She was one of the founders of NASA.  

B. She proved the black hole really existed.

C. She led to design the Hubble Space Telescope. 

D. She was the first female astronomer in the world.

6.When did Dr. Nancy Roman probably retire?

A. In 1969. B. In 1979. C. In 1990. D. In 2000.

7.What can we learn from Dr. Nancy Roman’s words in the last paragraph?

A. She was very proud of what she had done for the country.

B. She thought highly of the people who hadn’t believed her.

C. She had hard-nosed nature and never cared about other people’s opinions.

D. She was delighted to be an astronomer despite discrimination against her.

C

    How many different emotions do you think you can communicate to people with your face? Do you have the same facial expressions as the people from different cultures? Read this passage to find out what scientists have just discovered about this topic.

    New research suggests that there are only four basic facial expressions of emotion. However, how these expressions are interpreted(解释) might depend on where you are from. Research by scientists from the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology at the University of Glasgow has challenged the traditional view of how the face expresses emotions. It was widely believed that six basic emotions (happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise and disgust) were expressed and recognized across different cultures. However, the University of Glasgow's work now suggests that the human face only has four basic expressions of emotion. This is because some pairs of emotions are impossible to distinguish(辨别). Fear and surprise, for example, both share wide open eyes. The facial expressions for anger and disgust also look the same.

    So if our faces are only able to express four basic emotions, how do we communicate a much more complex(复杂的) kind of feeling? The study found that the way expressions are interpreted is different in different cultures. However, while looking at how people from the East and West look at different parts of the face during facial expression recognition, scientists found that although there are some common features across cultures, the six basic facial expressions of emotion are not recognized universally.

    What interests people about the cross-cultural aspect of the research? This work leads to understanding which emotions we share and appreciating our differences.

8.What did the University of Glasgow find?
A.Six basic emotions greatly influence our character.
B.Six basic emotions can be recognized.
C.It is easy to tell from the basic facial expressions.
D.Some of the six facial expressions are similar.
9.Which group may be the four basic facial expressions of emotion?
A.Sadness, fear, anger and surprise. B.Anger, sadness, fear and happiness.
C.Happiness, surprise, sadness and fear. D.Disgust, happiness, anger and sadness.
10.What can we learn according to Paragraph 3?
A.Basic facial expressions are not universal.
B.Facial expressions can't show complex feelings.
C.Western people have more kinds of facial expressions.
D.The way to express emotions changes with time.
11.Which is the proper title for the passage?
A.What Does Your Face Say? B.How Do We Communicate?
C.What Are the Six Basic Emotions? D.Do We Have the Same Expressions?

D

    We have heard some interesting ways that 5G wireless technology might change our lives in the future.

    5G, short for the 5th generation mobile communication technology, promises Internet speeds between 50 to 100 times faster than current 4G systems. While 5G is set to be used in some limited areas of America this year, much of the world is not expected to receive widely available service until 2023.

    One project in Britain, however, is already testing this superfast technology on an unlikely group of Internet users—cows. The project was developed by American technology company Cisco Systems, Inc. It also receives money from the British government. Cisco says the program seeks to explore the future of 5G connectivity in rural areas around the world.

    Testing areas were set up at farms in three rural areas of England. The cows are equipped with 5G-connected devices(装置) that link up to a robotic milking system, which uses sensors and machine learning to fully automate the process. System designers say technology takes over after a cow feels ready to be milked and walks toward an automatic gate. The device is designed to recognize each individual cow. It then positions equipment to the right body position for milking. During the process, machines release food for the cow as a reward.

    Other 5G technology tools include automated brushes that turn on when the cow rubs(蹭) up against them. Sensors also control the amount of light to the cows' living areas depending on the weather. And, an automatic feeding system makes sure the animals always get enough to eat.

    Duncan Forbes, head of the project, told Reuters that the project shows the farm's cow operations can be greatly improved with 5G technology and that the experiment provides strong evidence that 5G technology can be widely used in the future, not just on farms in Britain, but in rural communities across the world.

12.What is the purpose of Cisco Systems, Inc.'s project?
A.To win financial support from British government.
B.To test the effects of 5G technology on animals.
C.To promote its technological development in Britain.
D.To expand the future use of 5G in rural communities.
13.What does the underlined word "It" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A.The project. B.The company. C.The technology. D.The group.
14.What can we learn about 5G according to the text?
A.It is no worse than 4G in terms of speed.
B.It is already widely available in the world.
C.It has made improvement in operating the cows.
D.It is based on sensors and machine learning.
15.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A.Entertainment. B.Lifestyle. C.Education. D.Technology.

第二节  七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)

Albert Einstein held a small, round instrument with a glass cover and a shaking needle in his palm. __16___ Albert’s father called it a compass Albert called it a mystery. No matter how he moved the compass, the needle always pointed to the north.

Something was in the room with him, Albert realized — something he couldn’t see or feel, but that acted on the compass just the same. Puzzled and attracted, Albert listened to his father explain magnetism, the strange force that made the compass needle point north. ___17___ To many children the compass would have been just another toy. To Albert the compass was a miracle he would never forget.

 __18___ Born on March 14, 1879, Albert hadn’t looked like other babies. As she cradled her new-son in her arms, Pauline Einstein thought the back of his head looked strange. Was something wrong with Albert? Although the doctor told Pauline everything was fine, several weeks passed before the shape of Albert’s head began to look right to her. When Albert was one, his family moved to Munich, where his sister, Maja, was born a year later. __19___ Where were the baby’s wheels? The disappointed two-year-old wanted to know. Albert had expected a baby sister to be something like a toy, and most of his toys had wheels.

At an age when many children have lots to say, Albert seemed strangely backward. The nine-year-old still had trouble putting his thoughts into words. But Albert was a good listener and a good thinker. When he went hiking with his parents and Maja, he thought about his father’s compass and what it had revealed to him. The clear, open grasslands were filled with more than the wind or the pleasant smell of flowers. __20____ The very thought of it quickened his pulse.

A. They were also filled with magnetism.

B. Albert had always been different from other children.

C. The five-year-old stared at his hand as if it held magic.

D. The invisible force makes the compass more than a toy to all.

E. Looking down at the tiny sleeping parcel, Albert was puzzled.

F. Somewhere, the wind, soft and magic, clicked through tree branches.

G. But nothing he said made the invisible power less mysterious or wonderful.

第三部分语言知识运用

第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

 I never went to university but always thought about it. The only way I     21     it was listening to my children talk about the interesting classes they were taking. University was just a life-long     22     of mine. I just turned sixty-four years old. I still thought about that old dream     23     one day when there was an Advanced-Age     24     at the local university. I decided to     25    .

    My first day of school finally arrived. As I drove there, my mind was filled with     26     thoughts, "What am I doing? The     27     will laugh when they see me in class. I probably won't live long enough to get a     28    . Maybe I should just turn the car around and go home."

    Then, suddenly, I saw it! A large billboard on the side of the road with a picture of Kermit the Frog. I slowed down a little and read the words, "Live your dreams." Was Kermit talking about me? I didn't turn the car around.

    I drove a little     29     on up the highway and there was another     30    . This one had a picture of Albert Einstein with his tongue     31     out. A line read, "As a student, he was no Einstein." And there was a word in red, "Confidence". A new attitude was     32     inside me.

        33     the gate of the university, I found there     34     still another billboard. This one showed a photograph of a proud woman. Under the picture was her name, Nola Otis, aged 95, the oldest university graduate. Below it was the words, "Live Life". At that moment, my outlook changed     35    .

21.A.attended     B.gained     C.consulted     D.contained
22.A.goal     B.idea    C.advice     D.dream
23.A.since     B.before     C.until     D.after
24.A.theme    B.system     C.programme     D.process
25.A.sign up     B.turn up     C.keep up     D.make up
26.A.negative     B.attractive     C.active     D.optimistic
27.A.tutors     B.kids     C.professors     D.guards
28.A.degree     B.praise     C.skill     D.reputation
29.A.higher     B.further     C.closer     D.lower
30.A.billboard     B.picture     C.portrait     D.cartoon
31.A.breaking     B.giving     C.pulling     D.sticking
32.A.holding     B.arriving     C.setting     D.making
33.A.Leaving     B.Squeezing     C.Approaching     D.Staying
34.A.stood     B.lived     C.lay     D.sat
35.A.slightly     B.accidentally     C.differently     D.completely

第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

Covering 7 million square kilometers of jungle and river over eight countries, the Amazon Rainforest is home to millions of sorts of plants and animals, some of ___36_____ are still being discovered today. It’s also the world’s ____37____ (large) supplier of oxygen and is a treasure chest for medical ___38_____ (researcher) who are experimenting with different plants in hopes of finding cures for certain diseases. ___39_____, the world is at risk of losing this rich rainforest because of deforestation (滥伐森林) ____40____ (cause) by the actions of farmers, loggers and settlers.

    The Amazon Basin ____41____ (lose) 20% of its rainforest since 1970. Cattle farmers have ____42____ (continuous) cleared the land for cows ____43____ (eat) on and crop farmers have begun “slash and burn” (刀耕火种), a farming method that involves cutting down forests and burning the land to make ___44_____ suitable for agricultural purpose. Loggers have been cutting down the trees for timber (木材), further decreasing its size. With the destruction of the Amazon Rainforest, global warming becomes more of a threat. It is up to each individual to fight against the ____45____ (disappear) of the Amazon by making the world know something about this environmental disaster.

第四部分:写作

第一节  应用文写作 (满分15分)

46.党的二十大(the 20th CPC National Congress)报告指出,要建设全民终身学习的学习型社会和学习型大国。微博橙子辅导请你根据这一会议精神,写一篇演讲稿,题为“Be a Lifelong Learner”,

内容包括:

1.终身学习的重要性;

2.如何终身学习。

注意:

1.写作词数应为80左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Be a Lifelong Learner

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

第二节  读后续写 (满分25分)

47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

 Out of a 13-year-old girl’s summer boredom, I put up a tent in our yard and intended to sleep in it. It was midnight and my dad had been asleep upstairs. A girl knocked on the front door, asking if she could use our phone to call her parents.

    I watched her struggle to dial the numbers. After she dialed the wrong numbers several times, I offered to do that for her. But after I dialed several times, there still no people answered the phone. Looking at the girl, I said, “Want to sleep in my tent?” She hesitated for a while and agreed.

    I accompanied her into the darkness of the yard, entered the tent, and turned my lantern on. She told me how she got here. She and her parents had a nice dinner. After dinner, she expressed she wanted a beautiful dress in a special style, but it was too expressive for her parents. They argued fiercely(激烈地)and she left in anger. She wandered alone aimlessly(漫无目的地)until she found herself on an unfamiliar road. Her cellphone was in her parent’s bag and she seemed to have got lost. She wiped her eyes with my pillow, looked at me sadly, and then said, “Why didn’t my parents buy that dress for me?”

    I knew just nodding obviously couldn’t solve the problem. “Do you think your parents love you?” I asked. Hearing my questions, she nodded and said regretfully, “My parents always meet my request as far as possible. This is my fault to ask them to buy that dress which they can’t afford(支付). ” At the time, my phone rang. It turned out her parents’ call. Her parents sounded very worried and said they would come very soon. Then, my dad walked down the stairs.

注意:

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

    I explained what had happened and he asked the girl, “Do you want that dress?”

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

    At that time, her parents came.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案

1-3. CCA  4--7.ACBD   8--11.DBAA   12--15.DACD     16--20.CGBEA

21-25.ADCCA; 26-30.ABABA; 31-35.DBCAD
36. which 37.largest  38.researchers  39.However  40.caused

41.has lost   42.continuously   43.to eat   44.it    45.Disappearance

46.答案：

Be a Lifelong Learner

    The report by the 20th CPC National Congress has pointed out we are living in a remarkable time which is calling us to break new ground and display full talents. How to achieve our greatest potential? Here is the answer: be a lifelong learner.

    Lifelong learning is the best education. For one thing, our times are changing in ways like never before. To better cope with them, we are supposed to embrace new technology and learn new knowledge. For another, learning is a good way to remain vigorous and stay young. Above all, it helps us to be adapting to changes. There are various ways to achieve lifelong learning. Post-school training, online courses and interest groups are all available in our time.

47.答案：

Paragraph 1:

    I explained what happened and he asked the girl, “Do you want that dress?” “I owned a clothes factory. I can let our designers make that dress you want for you at a low cost,” my father said with a smile. “Just tell me what style you want and your address. I’ll post it to you after it’s finished”.

Paragraph 2:

    At that time, her parents came. When her parents saw their daughter, they were so happy and said they were sorry for refusing to buy that dress. The girl said she was also sorry for not considering their financial situation. Then her parents said they would buy that special dress for her as her birthday gift. The girl said, “My friend’s father also promised me to make that dress for me, but I now don’t want that dress. I know we should do things within our reach and don’t take other’s love for granted.”