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2022湖南省长郡中学高二上学期期末考试英语含解析（含听力）
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这是一份2022湖南省长郡中学高二上学期期末考试英语含解析（含听力），文件包含湖南省长郡中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题含听力含解析docx、湖南省长郡中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题含听力无答案docx、湖南省长郡中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语听力mp3等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共39页， 欢迎下载使用。
长郡中学2021-2022学年度高二第一学期期末考试
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分10分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题0.5分，满分2.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a coffee shop. C. In a hotel.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, this is Room 3050. What time is dinner, please?
W: The main restaurant opens at seven in the evening and closes at ten. Our coffee shop is open 24 hours a day.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What time will the next train to Los Angeles leave?
A. At 10:05 a.m. B. At 10:15 a.m. C. At 10:50 a.m.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Excuse me. When is the next train to Los Angeles?
M: 10:15 a.m. And you can get the ticket at the next counter.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What did Smith offer the woman?
A. Smith offered her a typing machine.
B. Smith offered her more salary.
C. Smith offered her a job as a typist.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I still can’t understand, Betty. Why are you working for Smith’s company?
W: He offered me a job as a typist and I need the salary.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman want to do?
A. She wants to know the time.
B. She wants to read a newspaper.
C. She wants to buy a watch.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: If you are looking for The Times, I think I’ve got the last copy.
W: Oh. Well, I think I will get another newspaper to read instead.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman think of her piano lessons?
A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Rewarding.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: How are your piano lessons going?
W: Very well. My teacher thinks I’m making progress. And I find lessons well worth the time.
第二节（共15小题；每小题0.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. How many days does the man work in a week?
A. 5 days. B. 6 days. C. 7 days.
7. Who is the girl?
A. A passenger. B. The man’s colleague. C. The man’s daughter.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Excuse me, Sir. Can I ask you a question?
M: Yes, please. What is it?
W: How many times do you take the plane every week?
M: Well, I take it every day except Sunday in a week.
W: Really? So you pay for tickets each time. Are you very rich?
M: Oh, no, little girl. Actually, that’s my job. They pay me for that.
W: How lucky you are! Oh, my mum is coming. We are going to the security check over there. Bye.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What did Sandra do last night?
A. She repaired her phone. B. She called Michael. C. She learned to paint.
9. What did Sandra and Peter agree to do on Sunday?
A. Play tennis. B. Visit London. C. Go to the dentist.
【答案】8. B 9. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Sandra. It’s Peter.
W: Hi, Peter. What a surprise! I was waiting for you to call last night.
M: Last night? I did. I called you five times. But the line was busy all the time.
W: Oh, yes. I’m sorry about that. I was talking with my brother Michael on the phone. He is learning to paint in London.
M: Oh, well, never mind. Is Sunday still OK for playing tennis?
W: Yes. Why not?
M: Great! How about ten o'clock in the morning?
W: Well. But let’s put it off until 3 pm. I have an appointment with my dentist at 9:30 on Sunday morning.
M: Got it.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Where is the noise coming from?
A. The motor. B. The motorbike. C. The bicycle.
11. Where did the speakers stop their car?
A. At a factory. B. At a parking lot. C. At a hotel.
12. What’s wrong with the motor?
A. Its temperature is too high. B. It runs out of energy. C. It needs heating up.
【答案】10. A 11. B 12. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Frank, do you hear that strange noise?
M: Yes. I have noticed it for a while. It seems to be coming from the motor.
W: What shall we do?
M: I don’t know. Perhaps if we slow it down we can stop at the next parking place and check what is the matter.
W: OK. Let’s do it.
M: Oh, it is burning hot. We have run out of water.
W: How is the motor itself? Is it OK?
M: I think it’s a right. Let’s wait till it cools down a bit.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What do you think the man is?
A. A tour guide. B. A repairman. C. A hotel worker.
14. Where can the woman find the washing powder?
A. In the cupboard. B. On the shelf. C. In the box.
15. When is the best time to visit the gallery?
A. On Thursday. B. On Friday. C. On Sunday.
16. What is the woman’s purpose of this call?
A. To book a room. B. To complain. C. To ask for help.
【答案】13. C 14. C 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello. May I help you?
W: Hi, it’s Laura Carlton here. We’ve just arrived at the holiday flat, but I can’t get the hot water and heating to work.
M: Don’t worry. In the upstairs cupboard you will find the water heater. You’ll see three main controls on the left. Switch it to the “on” position.
W: OK. While you are on the phone, we can’t find a few things we need, like extra pillows and some washing powder. Is there any?
M: Pillows, Yes, if you look in the cupboard in your bedroom, there should be four or five on the top shelf.
And if you want to do some washing, the powder should be near the door in the large blue box.
W: Thanks. What about visiting the town? Could you give me some advice?
M: As for places to visit, do go and see the art gallery. The exhibition is small but really good. It gets very crowded on Sundays, so I suggest you visit it on a quiet day, later in the week. But not on Thursdays which are market days.
W: Got it! Thanks a lot!
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What do people mean by saying they never dream?
A. They forget about their dreams.
B. They don’t want to tell the truth.
C. They have important dreams.
18. Why did Tom stop having dreams?
A. He got a serious heart attack.
B. He was too sad about his brother’s death.
C He was frightened by a terrible event.
19 What is the speaker’s opinion about dreaming?
A. It is very useful.
B. It makes things worse.
C. It stops the mind from working.
20. What is the function of dreaming according to the speaker?
A. To sleep better.
B. To recover from illnesses.
C. To stay away from their problems.
【答案】17. A 18. B 19. A 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Does everyone dream? Everyone does. When people say that they never dream, what they really mean is that they don’t remember their dreams or they don’t think their dreams are important. The reason behind is that they might have had nightmares or haven’t had a sound sleep. One of my patients named Tom said that he used to be a great dreamer, but suddenly he stopped having dreams. I asked him what happened. It turned out that his brother died by heart attack and later he dreamt about it once. He felt so sad. Generally, when there was some bad event and the dream about it was too terrible. People prefer not to dream about it. As long as you dream even the dream is frightening, your mind is working on it. My personal opinion about what dreams do is that they help us deal with our problems. We see certain events take place in dreams. When a person is having dreams, he or she can actually have a better sleep. Because dreaming is another form of brain functioning. Also, dreams can prevent people from some diseases and help with daily problems. So, have a good dream and enjoy it.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A simple mosquito(蚊子)bite can mean serious illness or death. So we use some chemicals to kill mosquitoes. But this has a bad influence on the whole ecosystem and your health. Now there’s a new device(装置), which can keep you and your family mosquito-free:
What are we talking about?
Mosquitron, a brand-new type of bug(虫子)catcher, designed by two German engineers, is perfect for clearing your home of all annoying and dangerous flying pests!
How does it work?
◆It is easy to set up; plug it in —and away you go!
◆It lures(引诱)the mosquitoes near by using a safe UV light.
◆A fan sucks(吸入)the insects through a one-way trapdoor.
◆Once got in the drying basket, mosquitoes are killed by the fan within 2 minutes.
◆You can simply empty the dead bugs into the trash,without even touching them.
◆No need for batteries or any chemicals.
How much does it cost?
It’s now $ 179.99. It may seem expensive at first, but when you consider most devices don’t work for more than 10 minutes, this is a pretty good deal. In fact, other products using the same UV technology are priced at over $ 250! Now you can buy it from our website with 50% off and with free delivery for a limited time by clicking here.
Note: The device can only be returned or exchanged if it arrives damaged, and you must pay in advance.
21. What is the advantage of a Mosquitron?
A. It is cheaper than other devices. B. It doesn’t need battery.
C. It is silent when working. D. It kills mosquitoes with UV light.
22. What can you enjoy if buying a Mosquitron online now?
A. A high discount. B. A cheap delivery.
C. Return without reasons. D. A great gift.
23. What type of writing is this text?
A. An analysis. B. An advertisement.
C. A story. D. A report.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一则广告，主要介绍了新型捕虫器Mosquitron。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章How does it work?中关键句“No need for batteries or any chemicals.”（不需要电池或任何化学药品。）可知，Mosquitron 不需要使用电池。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中关键句“Now you can buy it from our website with 50% off and with free delivery for a limited time by clicking here.”（现在你可以在我们的网站上以五折的价格购买，并在有限的时间内享受免费送货。）可知，现在在网站上购买可以享受较大的折扣。故选A项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，特别是倒数第二段中的“It’s now $ 179.99. It may seem expensive at first, but when you consider most devices don’t work for more than 10 minutes, this is a pretty good deal. ”(现在是179.99美元。一开始可能看起来很贵，但当你考虑到大多数设备工作时间不超过10分钟时，这是一个相当不错的交易。)”可知，文章主要想让读者购买这一款驱蚊器，因此这是一则广告。故选B项。
B
That morning, I dropped our eldest at kindergarten and returned home to let our two younger children play while I worked on my medical report. It was a wonderful chance to work from home, but it hit me that my career in hospital wasn't making a difference in anyone's life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home. I could work from home, and become a foster mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately.
On Monday morning. I picked up the phone and dialed the number I had Googled for the nearest Department of Children's Services. The man on the other end was receptive to my questions and explained the next step of training, involving eight weeks of classes designed to prepare and educate foster parents. We continued through all the classes, the home visits, background checks, and seemingly endless steps.
Five long months after we were approved, the phone rang. In the middle of the night, I woke my husband and rushed to East Tennessee Children's Hospital. Our placement was waiting for us in the emergency room, sick and lack of nutrition. It didn't take long for us to realize the full depth of her suffering. Six months later, her half-brother came to us by our request. We now had five children under our care.
On August 12, 2016, our family of seven walked into a small courtroom. The children's lawyer and social worker were there. With just a few words, our adoption was finalized. These two amazing children weren't going home, because they were already home. We are their forever family, and they are our forever children. We may not be able to change the entire world, but we have changed the world entirely for our new children.
24. How did the author feel about her hospital work?
A. Lacking of motivation. B. Filled with challenge.
C. Highly motivating. D. Unusually Demanding.
25. What led the author to decide to adopt children?
A. She felt sympathetic for abused children she knew.
B. She wanted to make a difference in other people.
C. She felt confident about her ability to raise children.
D. She experienced training to raise children properly.
26. What does the underlined word "placement" in Para 3 refer to?
A. The child to be adopted. B. The need to get trained.
C. The approval of adoption. D. The official at the hospital.
27. Why did the author appear at the courtroom?
A. To put the adopted kids elsewhere. B. To receive another adopted child.
C. To make the adoption officially legal. D. To begin the kids' adoption in her home.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者在医院有一份满意的工作，但是作者想到要通过自己的努力来改善他人的人生，于是走上了收养孩子的道路。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“It was a wonderful chance to work from home, but it hit me that my career in hospital wasn't making a difference in anyone's life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home. I could work from home, and become a foster mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately.(这是一个在家工作的好机会，但我突然意识到我在医院的工作并没有改变任何人的生活。我需要一些东西来挑战我的极限，推动我成长。我的职业生涯使我能够在家工作。我可以在家工作，成为一个养母，为一个迫切需要安全的孩子提供安全的环境)”可推知，作者觉得自己在医院的工作缺少动力。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It was a wonderful chance to work from home, but it hit me that my career in hospital wasn't making a difference in anyone's life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home. I could work from home, and become a foster mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately.(这是一个在家工作的好机会，但我突然意识到我在医院的工作并没有改变任何人的生活。我需要一些东西来挑战我的极限，推动我成长。我的职业生涯使我能够在家工作。我可以在家工作，成为一个养母，为一个迫切需要安全的孩子提供安全的环境)”可知，作者能够在家上班，觉得自己的职业没有让他人的人生更有意义，于是希望挑战自己的能力，为需要安全的孩子提供安全的生长环境，即作者决定收养孩子是因为想影响其他人。故选B。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“ In the middle of the night, I woke my husband and rushed to East Tennessee Children's Hospital. (半夜，我叫醒我的丈夫，急匆匆地赶到东田纳西州儿童医院。)”以及画线词后文“was waiting for us in the emergency room, sick and lack of nutrition”可知，作者他们获得了领养批准，这个电话是让他们去医院找这个被收养的孩子，她在医院的急诊室等待作者，一脸的病态，并且营养不良。画线词指的是“被收养的孩子”。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“On August 12, 2016, our family of seven walked into a small courtroom. The children's lawyer and social worker were there. With just a few words, our adoption was finalized.( 2016年8月12日，我们一家七口走进了一个小法庭。孩子们的律师和社会工作者也在场。只需要几句话，我们的领养就完成了)”可推知，作者出现在法庭上是为了让收养正式合法。故选C。
C
According to a new US study, couples who expect their children to look after them in old age should hope they have daughters because daughters are twice as loving as sons generally.
The research by Angelina Grigoryeva, from Princeton University, found that, while women provide as much care for their elderly parents as they can manage, men do as little as they can get away with and often leave it to female family members.
Her analysis of the family networks of 26, 000 old Americans concluded that gender （性别）is one of the most important things that decide whether or not people will actively care for their elderly parents.
In a paper presented at the annual conference of the American Sociological Association in San Francisco, she concludes that simply having a sister makes men likely provide less care. Using data from the University of Michigan Health and Retirement Study, a study which has been recording those people over 50s for the last decade, she analyzed that women provide an average of 12. 3 hours a month of care for elderly parents while men offer only 5. 6 hours.
“Sons reduce their relative caregiving efforts when they have a sister, while daughters increase theirs when they have a brother.”
“This suggests that sons pass on parent caregiving responsibilities to their sisters.”
In the UK, the 2011 Census showed that there are now around 6.5 million people with caring responsibilities, a figure which has risen by a tenth in a decade.
But many are doing so at the risk of their health. The census showed that those who provide 50 hours or more of care a week while trying to hold down a fulltime job are three times more likely to be struggling with ill health than their working counterparts who are not carers.
28. According to the passage, what’s the key factor to decide if people will actively care for the old?
A. Education. B. Gender. C. Career. D. Income.
29. The US study finds that ________.
A. having a sister makes men less likely to look after their parents
B. sons are twice as likely as daughters to care for parents in old age
C. sons are unwilling to leave caregiving responsibilities to their sisters
D. sons and daughters seem to give equal care to their parents
30. What does the author stress in the last paragraph?
A. People should give up their jobs to care for the elderly.
B. Many care providers work longer hours than others.
C. Many care providers have potential health problems.
D. People shouldn’t pass on caring responsibilities to others.
31. The author develops the text by ________.
A. explaining social networks of careers
B describing people’s experiences
C. analyzing various researches and data
D. comparing different gender
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明在照顾年迈的父母方面，性别差异影响着照顾父母的时间长短。女儿比儿子更愿意付出时间照顾父母。家中有姐妹的男士常把照顾父母的责任推给姐妹。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Her analysis of the family networks of 26,000 older Americans concluded that gender(性别) is one of the most important things that decide whether or not people will actively care for their elderly parents.(她对26000名美国老年人的家庭网进行分析后得出结论，性别是决定人们是否会积极照顾年迈父母的最重要因素之一。)”可知，预测人们是否会主动照顾老年人的最主要因素之一是性别。故选B项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“In a paper presented at the annual conference of the American Sociological Association in San Francisco, she concludes that simply having a sister makes men likely provide less care.(她在旧金山举行的美国社会学协会年会上提交的一篇论文中总结道，仅仅是有一个姐妹就可能会让男性提供的关爱更少。)” 可知， Angelina Grigoryeva得出结论，家中有姐妹的男士对父母的照顾可能会更少。故选A项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But many are doing so at the risk of their health.(但许多人是冒着健康风险这么做的。)”及下文“The census showed that those who provide 50 hours or more of care a week while trying to hold down a fulltime job are three times more likely to be struggling with ill health than their working counterparts who are not carers.( 人口普查显示，那些每周提供50个小时或更多照顾的人，在努力保住一份全职工作的同时，与不照顾人的同行相比，他们患疾病的可能性要高出三倍。)”可知，在最后一段作者着重指出很多护理提供者都有潜在的健康问题。故选C项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者在第四段和倒数第二段给出一些研究数据，继而进行分析得出结论。由此可知，这篇文章是以分析各种研究和数据得出相关结论的写作手法展开的。故选C项。
D
The French Danone company is the latest to replace some plastic water bottles with aluminum (铝) cans. Competitors like Coca-Cola, PepsiCo and Nestle have also started selling water in aluminum cans.
Replacing plastic water bottles that pollute the seas with recyclable aluminum cans should be an easy way to help the environment, right?
Maybe not.
Aluminum cans might result in less ocean waste, and the metal containers also are lighter than glass or plastic bottles, but they also come with their own cost to the environment. The production of an aluminum can is estimated to release two times as much carbon dioxide into the air as a plastic bottle.
“That’s the dilemma you’re going to have to choose between,” said Ruben Griffioen, an official at beermaker Heineken. He said his company was Lrying to reduce the use of plastic bottles.
Bruce Karas of Coca - Cola North America agreed. He said, “There’s a mix. There are some things that are not that desirable, but if you have five good things and one that isn’t, we’ll all have to make decisions.” He added, “It’ll never be that clean.”
Bottled water is a 19 billion industry. Although its use of cans is increasing, experts say cans are unlikely to completely replace plastic bottles.
Aluminum is costlier than plastic so canned drinks mean higher prices for buyers. Another major consideration is user convenience-cans stay open while bottles can be reclosed. More importantly, there is one barrier to ending the use of plastic water bottles: There may not be enough cans to go around. Beer and wine makers are now also increasingly using aluminum.
32. What’s the advantage of aluminum cans?
A. They are pollution-free. B. They are lighter.
C. They are cost-effective. D. They are low-carbon.
33. What is Karas’s attitude to replacing plastic bottles with aluminum cans?
A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Neutral D. Indifferent.
34. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. The wide application of aluminum cans. B. The promising future aluminum cans
C. The major advantages of aluminum cans. D. The unavoidable limitations of aluminum cans.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. Aluminum Cans or Plastic Bottles? B. A Blessing or a Misfortune?
C. How to Deal with Plastic Bottles? D. Why Do We Choose Aluminum Cans?
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了铝罐代替塑料或玻璃瓶的优势，如铝罐可能会减少海洋垃圾，金属容器也比玻璃或塑料瓶轻，但它们也会给环境带来代价，文章还说明了使用铝罐的一些局限性。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中Aluminum cans might result in less ocean waste, and the metal containers also are lighter than glass or plastic bottles, but they also come with their own cost to the environment. (铝罐可能会减少海洋垃圾，金属容器也比玻璃或塑料瓶轻，但它们也会给环境带来代价)可知铝罐的优点是它们更轻。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段第一句Bruce Karas of Coca - Cola North America agreed. (来自北美可口可乐公司的Bruce Karas对此表示赞同)可知Karas对用铝罐代替塑料瓶持支持态度。故选A。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中More importantly, there is one barrier to ending the use of plastic water bottles: There may not be enough cans to go around.(更重要的是，停止使用塑料水瓶有一个障碍：可能没有足够的罐子)结合本段主要说明了铝罐的造价高和数量不够等一些不可避免的局限性，故选D。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段Replacing plastic water bottles that pollute the seas with recyclable aluminum cans should be an easy way to help the environment, right? (用可回收的铝罐代替污染海洋的塑料水瓶应该是一种帮助环境的简单方法，对吗？) 文章主要说明了铝罐代替塑料或玻璃瓶的优势，如铝罐可能会减少海洋垃圾，金属容器也比玻璃或塑料瓶轻，但它们也会给环境带来代价，文章还说明了使用铝罐的一些局限性。故A选项“铝罐还是塑料瓶？”最符合文章标题。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Teach Kids About Setting Goals
___36___ It can become an easy process for a lifetime if kids are taught goal setting at an early stage. They need to be offered a project to make them work on achieving something personal.
Set smart goals. A goal needs to be measurable, specific, realistic and timely in order to be effective. Kids prefer generalizing when it comes to goal setting. For example, one may want to be the best basketball player in the team. ___37___ What exactly does a goal like this mean? You need to ask them to be specific. Begin with scoring two baskets in each game(or however many; just something measurable!) so that they can keep pushing the barriers to achieve greater goals.
Write down goals. ___38___ Recent studies show that when goals are written down, the individual is likely to achieve them.
___39___ Kids have the habit of choosing goals that just seem impossible to achieve. You need to teach them the meaning of short and long-term goals and give your child reality checks.
Set up review points. You can ask them to write their main goal on the poster and mention the steps they would take for achieving their goal. ___40___ It is important to help your children have their own checkpoint systems that actually work for them.
A. Learn to set a long-term goal.
B. How is a goal like this measured?
C. Give up goals that are not realistic.
D. This tip is supported by science as well.
E. Goals can never be achieved unless they are written down.
F. It is essential for everybody, especially for kids, to set goals in life.
G. You can also ask them to track their progress once a week or month.
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何帮助孩子建立目标。
【36题详解】
根据后句“It can become an easy process for a lifetime if kids are taught goal setting at an early stage. They need to be offered a project to make them work on achieving something personal. (如果孩子们在早期就被教导设定目标，这可能会成为一个一辈子都很容易的过程。他们需要一个项目，让他们努力实现一些个人的东西)”可知，上文文主要论述了设定目标在孩子人生中的重要性。故F选项“对每个人来说，尤其是对孩子来说，设定人生目标是很重要的)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【37题详解】
根据前句“For example, one may want to be the best basketball player in the team.(例如，一个人可能想成为球队中最好篮球运动员)”以及后文“What exactly does a goal like this mean? (这样的目标到底意味着什么)”可知，前文举例定了一个人生目标，后文通过询问的方式，引起下文。故B选项“这样的目标是如何衡量的？”符合语境，故选B。
【38题详解】
根据后文“Recent studies show that when goals are written down, the individual is likely to achieve them. (最近的研究表明，当目标被写下来时，个人就有可能实现它们)”可知，本句是在说明目标写下来这一建议有科学依据。D选项中science对应后文studies。This tip呼应Write down goals。故D选项“这一建议也得到了科学的支持”符合语境，故选D。
【39题详解】
根据后文“Kids have the habit of choosing goals that just seem impossible to achieve. You need to teach them the meaning of short and long-term goals and give your child reality checks.(孩子们有选择那些看起来不可能实现的目标的习惯。你需要教他们短期和长期目标的概念，并让你的孩子认清现实)”可知，本段主要介绍怎么教孩子面对不现实的目标。故C选项“放弃不切实际的目标”为本段的标题，故选C。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Set up review points. You can ask them to write their main goal on the poster and mention the steps they would take for achieving their goal.(设置复习点。你可以让他们在海报上写下他们的主要目标，并提到他们将采取的步骤来实现他们的目标)”以及后文“It is important to help your children have their own checkpoint systems that actually work for them.(重要的是，要帮助你的孩子拥有真正适合他们的检查点系统)”可知，帮助孩子定期建立他们检查自己进步的检查点系统是很重要的。G选项中them对应后文children。故G选项“你可以要求他们每周或每月记录一次自己的进步”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分25分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My mom has been and will always be my biggest inspiration. She is a single parent of eight, and I have no idea how she ___41___. Throughout the years, my mom has overcome many hardships which could easily ___42___ someone with little faith.
Even when doctors ___43___ if my little sister Jessica would live to see the age of 1, my mom never lost ___44___. After visiting many doctors, my mom ___45___ to bring her home and make the best of my sister’s life instead of receiving the same results from different hospitals.
Jessica’s numerous hospital visits surely ___46___ her, but my mom never showed signs of ___47___. Her strength helped Jessica through every ___48___ time. No matter how confused Jessica was, my mom always made her feel as if there was nothing to ___49___, which enabled Jessica to live the life of a___50___ child. She attended a public school, went to parties to dance around excitedly. We actually ___51___ that she was even sick.
___52___, things began to take a turn for the worse. The whole family were heartbroken. Once again, my mom found a way to ___53___ us all. She made it her job to let us know that she had an effective support system. She decided to ___54___ her job and attend to Jessica’s every need. Gradually, I noticed our faith grew stronger than anything. Now Jessica is 18 years old and is enjoying her college life.
My mom gets us to realize that no matter how ___55___ our trials may appear, we have an effective support system. We are a family that will always be there for one another.
41. A. failed B. survived C. succeeded D. developed
42. A. shame B. influence C. anger D. discourage
43. A. declared B. questioned C. mentioned D. asked
44. A. hope B. temper C. interest D. patience
45. A. refused B. threatened C. decided D. hesitated
46. A. upset B. destroyed C. satisfied D. relieved
47. A. fright B. curiosity C. weakness D. sympathy
48. A. ripe B. tough C. lonely D. precious
49. A. worry about B. rely on C. learn from D. show off
50. A. difficult B. super C. gifted D. common
51. A. forgot B. noticed C. discovered D. sensed
52. A. Hopefully B. Unluckily C. Generally D. Seriously
53. A. blame B. comfort C. unite D. smooth
54. A. offer B. finish C. continue D. quit
55. A. complete B. temporary C. unfair D. unbearable
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. A 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. B 54. D 55. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者的妈妈是一位单亲妈妈，她要照顾有病的小妹妹。无论遇到什么困难妈妈都表现得很坚强，妈妈一直都是作者最大的精神力量。
【详解】1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是八个孩子的单亲妈妈，我不知道她是怎样活过来的。A.failed失败；B.survived幸存；C.succeeded成功；D.developed发展。结合常识和下文的“Throughout the years, my mom has overcome many hardships”可知，作者无法想象一个带着八个孩子的单亲妈妈那些年是如何活过来的。故选B。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：经历这么多年，我妈妈克服了许多很容易使一个缺乏信心的人灰心丧气的困难。A.shame使羞愧；B.influence影响；C.anger使生气；D.discourage使气馁。根据上文的“mymom has overcome many hardships”可推知，那么多年的苦难会让一个缺乏自信的人灰心丧气。故选D。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：甚至当医生质疑我的小妹妹杰西卡是否能活到一岁时，我妈妈也没有失去希望。A.declared宣布；B.questioned质疑；C.mentioned提及；D.asked提问。根据下文“if my little sister Jessica would live to see the age of 1”可知，医生对妹妹的生命存续时间是怀疑的，故选B。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.hope希望；B.temper脾气；C.interest兴趣；D.patience耐心。根据“my mom never lost”和下文的“After visiting many doctors，my mom. …”可知，尽管医生怀疑妹妹杰西卡不能活到一岁，妈妈也带着她看医生，由此可知，妈妈没有失去希望。故选A。
5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在看了多位医生之后，我妈妈决定带她回家，最好地照顾妹妹的生活，而不是从不同的医院得到同样的结果。A.refused拒绝；B.threatened威胁；C.decided决定；D.hesitated犹豫不决。根据上文的“After visiting many doctors”和下文的“to bring her home”可知，作者的妈妈决定带杰西卡回家。故选C。
6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰西卡去医院的次数太多，这肯定让我妈妈很烦恼，但是她从来没有表现出脆弱的迹象。A.upset使烦恼；B.destroyed毁掉；C.satisfied使满意；D.relieved欣慰。根据常识和上文的“Jessica’s numerous hospital visits”可知，多次去医院，且得到的结果都是一样，这肯定会让妈妈烦恼。故选A。
7.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.fright害怕；B.curiosity 好奇心；C.weakness弱势，缺点，虚弱；D.sympathy 同情。根据下文的“Her strength helped Jessica through every tough time.”可知，妈妈从来没有表现出脆弱的迹象，而是非常坚强，充满力量。故选C。
8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的力量帮助杰西卡度过了每一个艰难的时期。A.ripe成熟的；B.tough艰苦的，困难的；C.lonely寂寞的；D.precious珍贵的。结合上文提到杰西卡生病可知，妈妈的力量帮她度过了每个艰难时期。故选B。
9.考查动词词组辨析。句意：不管杰西卡有多困惑，我妈妈总是让她觉得没什么可担心的。A.worry about 担忧；B.rely on依赖；C.learn from从……学到；D.show off炫耀。根据下文的“She attended a public school, went to parties to dance around excitedly.”可知，即使生活有困难，但妈妈还是让杰西卡像其他孩子一样上学，参加聚会等。由此可知，妈妈总是让杰西卡觉得没有什么可担心的。故选A。
10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得杰西卡能够过一个普通孩子的生活。A.difficult 困难的；B.super特级的；C.gifted有天赋的；D.common普通的。根据下文的“She attended a public school, went to parties to dance around excitedly.”可知，杰西卡过着一个普通小孩应该过的生活。故选 D。
11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们实际上忘记她病得很重。A.forgot忘记；B.noticed注意；C.discovered发现；D.sensed感知。根据前文可知，母亲尽力使杰西卡过上普通孩子的生活，这让我们甚至忘了杰西卡是病人。故选A。
12.考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，事情开始变得更糟了。A.Hopefully希望地；B.Unluckily不幸地；C.Generally 渐渐地；D.Seriously严重地，严肃地。上一段讲述母亲尽力使杰西卡过上普通孩子的生活，后文说全家人都很心碎，表示病情不幸恶化。故选B。
13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：再一次，我妈妈发现了一种安慰我们所有人的有效方式。A.blame责备；B.comfort安慰；C.unite 团结；D.smooth抚平。根据下文的“She made it her job to let us know that she had an effective support system.”可知，妈妈让大家觉得她有能力支撑起整个家是为了安慰家人。故选B。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她决定放弃她的工作，并满足杰西卡的每一个需要。A.offer提供；B.finish完成；C.continue继续；D.quit辞去。根据下文的“attend to Jessica’s every need”可知，妈妈决定放弃工作。故选D。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈让我们意识到无论我们经历的磨难多么难以忍受，我们都有一个有效的支持系统。A.complete完全的；B.temporary临时的；C.unfair不公平的；D.unbearable难以忍受的。结合上文提到家里的困境以及妹妹生病可知，此处是指作者妈妈的行为让孩子们知道无论生活里的磨难有多么让人难以忍受，妈妈都是她们坚强的支柱。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Youth Olympic Games are the youth version of the Olympic Games. Young athletes ____56____ (age) between 15 and 18 compete in a wide range of sports. The ____57____(major) of these sports are identical to those at the Olympics but other sports, such as wushu, ____58____(add) too. The Youth Olympic Games give talented teenagers a chance ____59____(connect) with fellow athletes from diverse backgrounds. The focus is ____60____ building bridges between different cultures, so there are competitions ____61____(feature) mixed teams, such as mixed swimming relays. In these competitions, both male and female athletes, sometimes of different nationalities, play side by side.
The first Youth Olympic Games ____62____(hold) in Singapore in 2010, and China ranked first in the medal table with 30 gold medals. In 2014, Nanjing had ____63____ honour of hosting the second Summer Youth Olympic Games. This was another great success and China ____64____(top) the medal table again.
People across the world applaud athletes _____65_____ try hard to achieve sporting excellence.
【答案】56. aged
57. majority
58. have been added
59. to connect
60. on 61. featuring
62. were held
63. the 64. topped
65. who##that
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了青少年奥林匹克运动会的比赛项目、运动员组成和中国运动员所取得的成就等信息。
【56题详解】
考查形容词。句意：年龄在15到18岁之间的年轻运动员参加各种各样的运动项目。根据句意可知，“(age) between 15 and 18”是后置定语，修饰名词athletes，形容词aged意为“……岁”，只作后置定语。故填aged。
【57题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些项目大部分与奥运会项目相同，但其他项目，如武术，也被添加进来。结合句意和空格前定冠词The可知，应填入名词majority作主语，且the majority of为固定短语，意为“……的大多数”。故填majority。
【58题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：这些项目大部分与奥运会项目相同，但其他项目，如武术，也被添加进来。分析句子可知，提示词add是分句中谓语动词，结合句意，描述既定的事实对现在的影响，用现在完成时，add与主语other sports之间是被动关系，且主语是复数名词。综上，谓语动词用现在完成时被动语态，复数形式。故填have been added。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：青年奥林匹克运动会为有才华的青少年提供了一个与来自不同背景的运动员联系的机会。分析句子可知，connect是非谓语动词，作后置定语修饰名词chance，且a chance to do...为固定搭配，意为“一个做……的机会”。故填to connect。
【60题详解】
考查介词。句意：比赛的重点是在不同文化之间搭建桥梁，所以有一些比赛以混合代表队为特色，如混合游泳接力赛。根据句意“重点在……之上”可知，应用介词on，其意为“在……之上”，且focus也常和介词on搭配。故填on。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：比赛的重点是在不同文化之间搭建桥梁，所以有一些比赛以混合代表队为特色，如混合游泳接力赛。分析句子可知，feature(以……为特色)作后置定语修饰名词competitions，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语competitions之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词，表示主动 。故填featuring。
【62题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：2010年，首届青年奥林匹克运动会在新加坡举行，中国以30枚金牌名列奖牌榜第一。分析句子可知，hold(举行)是句中谓语动词，与主语The first Youth Olympic Games之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语in 2010，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语The first Youth Olympic Games是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，复数形式。故填were held。
【63题详解】
考查冠词。句意：2014年，南京有幸举办了第二届夏季青奥会。have the honour of doing是固定搭配，意为“有幸做……”。故填the。
【64题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：这是又一次巨大的成功，中国再次荣登奖牌榜榜首。分析句子可知，top(居……之首)是分句中谓语动词，与主语China之间是主动关系，根据语境可知，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态。故填topped。
【65题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：世界各地的人们为那些努力取得体育成就的运动员喝彩。分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词athletes，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who或者that引导该定语从句。故填who/that。
第四部分 写作（共三节，满分35分）
第一节（满分10分）
66. 假定你是李华，你在肯尼亚的笔友John擅长长跑，请你用英语给他写封邮件，邀请他来中国参加马拉松比赛。内容包括：
1. 你写信的目的；
2. John的优势；
3. 你能帮他做什么。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：肯尼亚Kenya 马拉松marathon
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear John，
How is everything?Nowadays more and more enthusiastic sports lovers are coming to China to take part in marathons. I know that you are crazy about long-distance running, therefore I am writing to invite you to come and compete.
As far as I am concerned, your endurance is beyond compare, so the marathon is suitable for you. And your motherland enjoys an excellent reputation of long-distance running, which gives you an advantage. What’s more, I can be your local guide and accompany you to the route for preparations.
Hope you can take my invitation into consideration. Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给肯尼亚的笔友John写封邮件，邀请他来中国参加马拉松比赛。
详解】1.词汇积累
参与，参加：take part in→participate in
对……热爱：be crazy about→be keen on
适合：be suitable for→be appropriate for
享有盛誉：enjoy an excellent reputation→enjoy great popularity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Nowadays more and more enthusiastic sports lovers are coming to China to take part in marathons.
拓展句：Nowadays more and more enthusiastic sports lovers are coming to China to take part in marathons, which means it’s quite popular with the public.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
I know that you are crazy about long-distance running, therefore I am writing to invite you to come and compete.（运用了that引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2]
And your motherland enjoys an excellent reputation of long-distance running, which gives you an advantage.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节（满分20分）
67. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Growing up, my family always had cats—but by the time I got to college, I wanted one l could call my own. So, I visited Animal Home in Michigan, looking for the perfect cat.
There was a black kitten I nearly ignored. He was skinny and small and not even cute, but he stuck his paws through the cage, trying to play with me. He was clearly interested in me, so I asked to hug him. He curled up on my shoulder and began purring(发出咕噜声). Our connection was immediate. I adopted him, named him Adam, and brought him home.
Over the next 16 years, Adam and I were so close. He was gentle, sweet and playful. But one night last year, everything changed.
It was as if one day Adam was still acting like a kitten, and then the next day he was vomiting(呕吐)all the time and no longer acting like his usual self. He'd lost weight and I knew that he was sick. I took him to the vet(兽医)and the diagnosis was sad: stomach cancer. Worse yet, the vet thought he was too old for operation. All I could do was give him medicine to help make him more comfortable.
A month later, Adam got worse. I took him to the emergency vet, where they kept him overnight to administer fluids(输液). When I went to pick him up the next morning, on Christmas Eve, the vet said it was time to end his life. It was the best thing to do for him. With deep sorrow, I said goodbye to him.
Once I got back home, reality hurt me much. Usually, Adam was there to wait for me at the door. But he was gone, leaving an aching emptiness in my life and in my home. I suffered from huge pain. I told my husband I didn't want another cat.
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Few weeks later, my friend Amy who rescued homeless cats called me.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After I brought the new cat home, my huge pain gradually disappeared.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Few weeks later, my friend Amy who rescued homeless cats called me. She saved an injured kitten from the street, asking if I could go and take care of the kitten while she cleaned her cage. I was unwilling but finally agreed. When I arrived, I picked up the cute kitten. To our amazement, she was incredibly mild and calm while I hugged her. Seeing the kitten was in desperate need of care, I was tempted to adopt her at once, but the grief for Adam was still burning me. After a hard struggle, I made up my mind to bring her home.
After I brought the new cat home, my huge pain gradually disappeared. My new companion lifted my depression greatly: She greeted me at the door daily, demanding hugs and kisses. With time going by, I was no longer painful by Adam's loss, instead I focused on providing a good home for my new kitten. Having to care for an animal again gave me a renewed sense of purpose. When I hold her and hug her, a sense of calm comes over me. Pain over loss can always be healed by new happiness. Hugging the kitten, I realized the connection between me and the cat saved me.
【解析】
【分析】本文以时间为线索展开。作者收养了一只黑猫，给它取名叫亚当，他们相互陪伴了十六年。直到有一天，亚当被诊断出了胃癌，因为年纪太大无法手术，在平安夜那天，兽医结束了他的生命。作者认为自己不会再养猫了。几周之后，朋友艾米请求作者帮忙照顾一只小猫，作者在与她相处的过程中决定将小猫带回家。在小猫的陪伴下，作者意识到自己逐渐被治愈了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“几周后，我的朋友艾米给我打电话，她曾拯救过无家可归的猫。”可知，第一段可描写朋友艾米邀请作者帮她照顾小猫，作者十分不愿意，但是还是帮忙照顾小猫，最后将小猫带回了家。
②由第二段首句内容“当我把这只新猫带回家后，我巨大的痛苦逐渐消失了。”可知，第二段可描写作者照顾小猫，在与小猫相处的过程中，逐渐被治愈了。
2.续写线索：Amy寻求作者帮助——作者犹豫——前往帮助——带猫回家——与小猫一起生活——逐渐被治愈
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.到达：arrive/get to/reach
②.决定：make up one's mind to do/be determined to do
③.专注：focus on/concentrate on
情绪类
①.不愿意：unwilling/reluctant
②.痛苦的：painful/sorrowful
【点睛】[高分句型1]. She saved an injured kitten from the street, asking if I could go and take care of the kitten while she cleaned her cage. （现在分词作状语以及if引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2].When I hold her and hug her, a sense of calm comes over me.（when引导的时间状语从句）
第三节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
68. Every four years, thousands of highly trained and talented athletes gather together in the spirit of friendship, ________ and fair play, ready to test their abilities against each other in the hope of being recognized as the best of the best. （根据课文内容填空）
【答案】solidarity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：每隔四年，数千名训练有素、才华横溢的运动员聚集在一起，本着友谊、团结和公平竞争的精神，准备互相测试自己的能力，希望被公认为精英中的精英。根据课文内容和“in the spirit of friendship”和“and fair play”可知，此处是指本着友谊、团结和公平竞争的精神，所以应用名词solidarity表示“团结”作介词of的宾语。故填solidarity。
69. ________, genome editing is one of the greatest inventions in the history of science. (根据课文内容填空)
【答案】Without doubt
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：毫无疑问，基因组编辑是科学史上最伟大的发明之一。根据课文内容，此处缺少without doubt“毫无疑问”，固定短语，故填Without doubt。
70. To sum up，it is wise to read news reports written from various perspectives and at different stages，which brings us to a more______understanding of a situation. （根据句意填空）
【答案】accurate
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：总之，阅读不同角度、不同阶段的新闻报道是明智的，这将使我们能够准确的了解情况。根据句意及句子结构可知主干完整，缺少对名词“理解”的修饰词 ，根据前句可知“不同角度和阶段，可以准确的理解”。accurate“准确的”为形容词，符合题意，故填accurate。
71. In short, this technology is transforming the way we live. ______.（根据句意填空）
【答案】It is clear that we are at a turning point in history
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句和短语。句意：简而言之，这项技术正在改变我们的生活方式。很明显，我们正处于历史的转折点。根据课文所学及句意可知，表达“很明显”可用句型it is clear that...，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。“我们正处于历史的转折点”可表达为we are at a turning point in history，从句为主系表结构，不缺少主要成分，用that引导。故填：It is clear that we are at a turning point in history。
72. Though journalists ______ presenting the truth，it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports. （根据句意填空）
【答案】are committed to
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定短语。句意：虽然新闻工作者致力于报道真相，但与其依赖新闻报道，不如运用自己的判断。根据主句时态，可知让步状语从句用一般现在时；短语：be committed to“致力于”是固定短语；从句主语“journalists”是复数，从句谓语动词用复数，故填are committed to。
长郡中学2021-2022学年度高二第一学期期末考试
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分10分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题0.5分，满分2.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a coffee shop. C. In a hotel.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, this is Room 3050. What time is dinner, please?
W: The main restaurant opens at seven in the evening and closes at ten. Our coffee shop is open 24 hours a day.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What time will the next train to Los Angeles leave?
A. At 10:05 a.m. B. At 10:15 a.m. C. At 10:50 a.m.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Excuse me. When is the next train to Los Angeles?
M: 10:15 a.m. And you can get the ticket at the next counter.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What did Smith offer the woman?
A. Smith offered her a typing machine.
B. Smith offered her more salary.
C. Smith offered her a job as a typist.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I still can’t understand, Betty. Why are you working for Smith’s company?
W: He offered me a job as a typist and I need the salary.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman want to do?
A. She wants to know the time.
B. She wants to read a newspaper.
C. She wants to buy a watch.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: If you are looking for The Times, I think I’ve got the last copy.
W: Oh. Well, I think I will get another newspaper to read instead.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman think of her piano lessons?
A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Rewarding.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: How are your piano lessons going?
W: Very well. My teacher thinks I’m making progress. And I find lessons well worth the time.
第二节（共15小题；每小题0.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. How many days does the man work in a week?
A. 5 days. B. 6 days. C. 7 days.
7. Who is the girl?
A. A passenger. B. The man’s colleague. C. The man’s daughter.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Excuse me, Sir. Can I ask you a question?
M: Yes, please. What is it?
W: How many times do you take the plane every week?
M: Well, I take it every day except Sunday in a week.
W: Really? So you pay for tickets each time. Are you very rich?
M: Oh, no, little girl. Actually, that’s my job. They pay me for that.
W: How lucky you are! Oh, my mum is coming. We are going to the security check over there. Bye.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What did Sandra do last night?
A. She repaired her phone. B. She called Michael. C. She learned to paint.
9. What did Sandra and Peter agree to do on Sunday?
A. Play tennis. B. Visit London. C. Go to the dentist.
【答案】8. B 9. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Sandra. It’s Peter.
W: Hi, Peter. What a surprise! I was waiting for you to call last night.
M: Last night? I did. I called you five times. But the line was busy all the time.
W: Oh, yes. I’m sorry about that. I was talking with my brother Michael on the phone. He is learning to paint in London.
M: Oh, well, never mind. Is Sunday still OK for playing tennis?
W: Yes. Why not?
M: Great! How about ten o'clock in the morning?
W: Well. But let’s put it off until 3 pm. I have an appointment with my dentist at 9:30 on Sunday morning.
M: Got it.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Where is the noise coming from?
A. The motor. B. The motorbike. C. The bicycle.
11. Where did the speakers stop their car?
A. At a factory. B. At a parking lot. C. At a hotel.
12. What’s wrong with the motor?
A. Its temperature is too high. B. It runs out of energy. C. It needs heating up.
【答案】10. A 11. B 12. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Frank, do you hear that strange noise?
M: Yes. I have noticed it for a while. It seems to be coming from the motor.
W: What shall we do?
M: I don’t know. Perhaps if we slow it down we can stop at the next parking place and check what is the matter.
W: OK. Let’s do it.
M: Oh, it is burning hot. We have run out of water.
W: How is the motor itself? Is it OK?
M: I think it’s a right. Let’s wait till it cools down a bit.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What do you think the man is?
A. A tour guide. B. A repairman. C. A hotel worker.
14. Where can the woman find the washing powder?
A. In the cupboard. B. On the shelf. C. In the box.
15. When is the best time to visit the gallery?
A. On Thursday. B. On Friday. C. On Sunday.
16. What is the woman’s purpose of this call?
A. To book a room. B. To complain. C. To ask for help.
【答案】13. C 14. C 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello. May I help you?
W: Hi, it’s Laura Carlton here. We’ve just arrived at the holiday flat, but I can’t get the hot water and heating to work.
M: Don’t worry. In the upstairs cupboard you will find the water heater. You’ll see three main controls on the left. Switch it to the “on” position.
W: OK. While you are on the phone, we can’t find a few things we need, like extra pillows and some washing powder. Is there any?
M: Pillows, Yes, if you look in the cupboard in your bedroom, there should be four or five on the top shelf.
And if you want to do some washing, the powder should be near the door in the large blue box.
W: Thanks. What about visiting the town? Could you give me some advice?
M: As for places to visit, do go and see the art gallery. The exhibition is small but really good. It gets very crowded on Sundays, so I suggest you visit it on a quiet day, later in the week. But not on Thursdays which are market days.
W: Got it! Thanks a lot!
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What do people mean by saying they never dream?
A. They forget about their dreams.
B. They don’t want to tell the truth.
C. They have important dreams.
18. Why did Tom stop having dreams?
A. He got a serious heart attack.
B. He was too sad about his brother’s death.
C He was frightened by a terrible event.
19 What is the speaker’s opinion about dreaming?
A. It is very useful.
B. It makes things worse.
C. It stops the mind from working.
20. What is the function of dreaming according to the speaker?
A. To sleep better.
B. To recover from illnesses.
C. To stay away from their problems.
【答案】17. A 18. B 19. A 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Does everyone dream? Everyone does. When people say that they never dream, what they really mean is that they don’t remember their dreams or they don’t think their dreams are important. The reason behind is that they might have had nightmares or haven’t had a sound sleep. One of my patients named Tom said that he used to be a great dreamer, but suddenly he stopped having dreams. I asked him what happened. It turned out that his brother died by heart attack and later he dreamt about it once. He felt so sad. Generally, when there was some bad event and the dream about it was too terrible. People prefer not to dream about it. As long as you dream even the dream is frightening, your mind is working on it. My personal opinion about what dreams do is that they help us deal with our problems. We see certain events take place in dreams. When a person is having dreams, he or she can actually have a better sleep. Because dreaming is another form of brain functioning. Also, dreams can prevent people from some diseases and help with daily problems. So, have a good dream and enjoy it.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A simple mosquito(蚊子)bite can mean serious illness or death. So we use some chemicals to kill mosquitoes. But this has a bad influence on the whole ecosystem and your health. Now there’s a new device(装置), which can keep you and your family mosquito-free:
What are we talking about?
Mosquitron, a brand-new type of bug(虫子)catcher, designed by two German engineers, is perfect for clearing your home of all annoying and dangerous flying pests!
How does it work?
◆It is easy to set up; plug it in —and away you go!
◆It lures(引诱)the mosquitoes near by using a safe UV light.
◆A fan sucks(吸入)the insects through a one-way trapdoor.
◆Once got in the drying basket, mosquitoes are killed by the fan within 2 minutes.
◆You can simply empty the dead bugs into the trash,without even touching them.
◆No need for batteries or any chemicals.
How much does it cost?
It’s now $ 179.99. It may seem expensive at first, but when you consider most devices don’t work for more than 10 minutes, this is a pretty good deal. In fact, other products using the same UV technology are priced at over $ 250! Now you can buy it from our website with 50% off and with free delivery for a limited time by clicking here.
Note: The device can only be returned or exchanged if it arrives damaged, and you must pay in advance.
21. What is the advantage of a Mosquitron?
A. It is cheaper than other devices. B. It doesn’t need battery.
C. It is silent when working. D. It kills mosquitoes with UV light.
22. What can you enjoy if buying a Mosquitron online now?
A. A high discount. B. A cheap delivery.
C. Return without reasons. D. A great gift.
23. What type of writing is this text?
A. An analysis. B. An advertisement.
C. A story. D. A report.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一则广告，主要介绍了新型捕虫器Mosquitron。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章How does it work?中关键句“No need for batteries or any chemicals.”（不需要电池或任何化学药品。）可知，Mosquitron 不需要使用电池。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中关键句“Now you can buy it from our website with 50% off and with free delivery for a limited time by clicking here.”（现在你可以在我们的网站上以五折的价格购买，并在有限的时间内享受免费送货。）可知，现在在网站上购买可以享受较大的折扣。故选A项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，特别是倒数第二段中的“It’s now $ 179.99. It may seem expensive at first, but when you consider most devices don’t work for more than 10 minutes, this is a pretty good deal. ”(现在是179.99美元。一开始可能看起来很贵，但当你考虑到大多数设备工作时间不超过10分钟时，这是一个相当不错的交易。)”可知，文章主要想让读者购买这一款驱蚊器，因此这是一则广告。故选B项。
B
That morning, I dropped our eldest at kindergarten and returned home to let our two younger children play while I worked on my medical report. It was a wonderful chance to work from home, but it hit me that my career in hospital wasn't making a difference in anyone's life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home. I could work from home, and become a foster mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately.
On Monday morning. I picked up the phone and dialed the number I had Googled for the nearest Department of Children's Services. The man on the other end was receptive to my questions and explained the next step of training, involving eight weeks of classes designed to prepare and educate foster parents. We continued through all the classes, the home visits, background checks, and seemingly endless steps.
Five long months after we were approved, the phone rang. In the middle of the night, I woke my husband and rushed to East Tennessee Children's Hospital. Our placement was waiting for us in the emergency room, sick and lack of nutrition. It didn't take long for us to realize the full depth of her suffering. Six months later, her half-brother came to us by our request. We now had five children under our care.
On August 12, 2016, our family of seven walked into a small courtroom. The children's lawyer and social worker were there. With just a few words, our adoption was finalized. These two amazing children weren't going home, because they were already home. We are their forever family, and they are our forever children. We may not be able to change the entire world, but we have changed the world entirely for our new children.
24. How did the author feel about her hospital work?
A. Lacking of motivation. B. Filled with challenge.
C. Highly motivating. D. Unusually Demanding.
25. What led the author to decide to adopt children?
A. She felt sympathetic for abused children she knew.
B. She wanted to make a difference in other people.
C. She felt confident about her ability to raise children.
D. She experienced training to raise children properly.
26. What does the underlined word "placement" in Para 3 refer to?
A. The child to be adopted. B. The need to get trained.
C. The approval of adoption. D. The official at the hospital.
27. Why did the author appear at the courtroom?
A. To put the adopted kids elsewhere. B. To receive another adopted child.
C. To make the adoption officially legal. D. To begin the kids' adoption in her home.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者在医院有一份满意的工作，但是作者想到要通过自己的努力来改善他人的人生，于是走上了收养孩子的道路。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“It was a wonderful chance to work from home, but it hit me that my career in hospital wasn't making a difference in anyone's life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home. I could work from home, and become a foster mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately.(这是一个在家工作的好机会，但我突然意识到我在医院的工作并没有改变任何人的生活。我需要一些东西来挑战我的极限，推动我成长。我的职业生涯使我能够在家工作。我可以在家工作，成为一个养母，为一个迫切需要安全的孩子提供安全的环境)”可推知，作者觉得自己在医院的工作缺少动力。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It was a wonderful chance to work from home, but it hit me that my career in hospital wasn't making a difference in anyone's life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home. I could work from home, and become a foster mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately.(这是一个在家工作的好机会，但我突然意识到我在医院的工作并没有改变任何人的生活。我需要一些东西来挑战我的极限，推动我成长。我的职业生涯使我能够在家工作。我可以在家工作，成为一个养母，为一个迫切需要安全的孩子提供安全的环境)”可知，作者能够在家上班，觉得自己的职业没有让他人的人生更有意义，于是希望挑战自己的能力，为需要安全的孩子提供安全的生长环境，即作者决定收养孩子是因为想影响其他人。故选B。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“ In the middle of the night, I woke my husband and rushed to East Tennessee Children's Hospital. (半夜，我叫醒我的丈夫，急匆匆地赶到东田纳西州儿童医院。)”以及画线词后文“was waiting for us in the emergency room, sick and lack of nutrition”可知，作者他们获得了领养批准，这个电话是让他们去医院找这个被收养的孩子，她在医院的急诊室等待作者，一脸的病态，并且营养不良。画线词指的是“被收养的孩子”。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“On August 12, 2016, our family of seven walked into a small courtroom. The children's lawyer and social worker were there. With just a few words, our adoption was finalized.( 2016年8月12日，我们一家七口走进了一个小法庭。孩子们的律师和社会工作者也在场。只需要几句话，我们的领养就完成了)”可推知，作者出现在法庭上是为了让收养正式合法。故选C。
C
According to a new US study, couples who expect their children to look after them in old age should hope they have daughters because daughters are twice as loving as sons generally.
The research by Angelina Grigoryeva, from Princeton University, found that, while women provide as much care for their elderly parents as they can manage, men do as little as they can get away with and often leave it to female family members.
Her analysis of the family networks of 26, 000 old Americans concluded that gender （性别）is one of the most important things that decide whether or not people will actively care for their elderly parents.
In a paper presented at the annual conference of the American Sociological Association in San Francisco, she concludes that simply having a sister makes men likely provide less care. Using data from the University of Michigan Health and Retirement Study, a study which has been recording those people over 50s for the last decade, she analyzed that women provide an average of 12. 3 hours a month of care for elderly parents while men offer only 5. 6 hours.
“Sons reduce their relative caregiving efforts when they have a sister, while daughters increase theirs when they have a brother.”
“This suggests that sons pass on parent caregiving responsibilities to their sisters.”
In the UK, the 2011 Census showed that there are now around 6.5 million people with caring responsibilities, a figure which has risen by a tenth in a decade.
But many are doing so at the risk of their health. The census showed that those who provide 50 hours or more of care a week while trying to hold down a fulltime job are three times more likely to be struggling with ill health than their working counterparts who are not carers.
28. According to the passage, what’s the key factor to decide if people will actively care for the old?
A. Education. B. Gender. C. Career. D. Income.
29. The US study finds that ________.
A. having a sister makes men less likely to look after their parents
B. sons are twice as likely as daughters to care for parents in old age
C. sons are unwilling to leave caregiving responsibilities to their sisters
D. sons and daughters seem to give equal care to their parents
30. What does the author stress in the last paragraph?
A. People should give up their jobs to care for the elderly.
B. Many care providers work longer hours than others.
C. Many care providers have potential health problems.
D. People shouldn’t pass on caring responsibilities to others.
31. The author develops the text by ________.
A. explaining social networks of careers
B describing people’s experiences
C. analyzing various researches and data
D. comparing different gender
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明在照顾年迈的父母方面，性别差异影响着照顾父母的时间长短。女儿比儿子更愿意付出时间照顾父母。家中有姐妹的男士常把照顾父母的责任推给姐妹。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Her analysis of the family networks of 26,000 older Americans concluded that gender(性别) is one of the most important things that decide whether or not people will actively care for their elderly parents.(她对26000名美国老年人的家庭网进行分析后得出结论，性别是决定人们是否会积极照顾年迈父母的最重要因素之一。)”可知，预测人们是否会主动照顾老年人的最主要因素之一是性别。故选B项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“In a paper presented at the annual conference of the American Sociological Association in San Francisco, she concludes that simply having a sister makes men likely provide less care.(她在旧金山举行的美国社会学协会年会上提交的一篇论文中总结道，仅仅是有一个姐妹就可能会让男性提供的关爱更少。)” 可知， Angelina Grigoryeva得出结论，家中有姐妹的男士对父母的照顾可能会更少。故选A项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But many are doing so at the risk of their health.(但许多人是冒着健康风险这么做的。)”及下文“The census showed that those who provide 50 hours or more of care a week while trying to hold down a fulltime job are three times more likely to be struggling with ill health than their working counterparts who are not carers.( 人口普查显示，那些每周提供50个小时或更多照顾的人，在努力保住一份全职工作的同时，与不照顾人的同行相比，他们患疾病的可能性要高出三倍。)”可知，在最后一段作者着重指出很多护理提供者都有潜在的健康问题。故选C项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者在第四段和倒数第二段给出一些研究数据，继而进行分析得出结论。由此可知，这篇文章是以分析各种研究和数据得出相关结论的写作手法展开的。故选C项。
D
The French Danone company is the latest to replace some plastic water bottles with aluminum (铝) cans. Competitors like Coca-Cola, PepsiCo and Nestle have also started selling water in aluminum cans.
Replacing plastic water bottles that pollute the seas with recyclable aluminum cans should be an easy way to help the environment, right?
Maybe not.
Aluminum cans might result in less ocean waste, and the metal containers also are lighter than glass or plastic bottles, but they also come with their own cost to the environment. The production of an aluminum can is estimated to release two times as much carbon dioxide into the air as a plastic bottle.
“That’s the dilemma you’re going to have to choose between,” said Ruben Griffioen, an official at beermaker Heineken. He said his company was Lrying to reduce the use of plastic bottles.
Bruce Karas of Coca - Cola North America agreed. He said, “There’s a mix. There are some things that are not that desirable, but if you have five good things and one that isn’t, we’ll all have to make decisions.” He added, “It’ll never be that clean.”
Bottled water is a 19 billion industry. Although its use of cans is increasing, experts say cans are unlikely to completely replace plastic bottles.
Aluminum is costlier than plastic so canned drinks mean higher prices for buyers. Another major consideration is user convenience-cans stay open while bottles can be reclosed. More importantly, there is one barrier to ending the use of plastic water bottles: There may not be enough cans to go around. Beer and wine makers are now also increasingly using aluminum.
32. What’s the advantage of aluminum cans?
A. They are pollution-free. B. They are lighter.
C. They are cost-effective. D. They are low-carbon.
33. What is Karas’s attitude to replacing plastic bottles with aluminum cans?
A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Neutral D. Indifferent.
34. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. The wide application of aluminum cans. B. The promising future aluminum cans
C. The major advantages of aluminum cans. D. The unavoidable limitations of aluminum cans.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. Aluminum Cans or Plastic Bottles? B. A Blessing or a Misfortune?
C. How to Deal with Plastic Bottles? D. Why Do We Choose Aluminum Cans?
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了铝罐代替塑料或玻璃瓶的优势，如铝罐可能会减少海洋垃圾，金属容器也比玻璃或塑料瓶轻，但它们也会给环境带来代价，文章还说明了使用铝罐的一些局限性。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中Aluminum cans might result in less ocean waste, and the metal containers also are lighter than glass or plastic bottles, but they also come with their own cost to the environment. (铝罐可能会减少海洋垃圾，金属容器也比玻璃或塑料瓶轻，但它们也会给环境带来代价)可知铝罐的优点是它们更轻。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段第一句Bruce Karas of Coca - Cola North America agreed. (来自北美可口可乐公司的Bruce Karas对此表示赞同)可知Karas对用铝罐代替塑料瓶持支持态度。故选A。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中More importantly, there is one barrier to ending the use of plastic water bottles: There may not be enough cans to go around.(更重要的是，停止使用塑料水瓶有一个障碍：可能没有足够的罐子)结合本段主要说明了铝罐的造价高和数量不够等一些不可避免的局限性，故选D。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段Replacing plastic water bottles that pollute the seas with recyclable aluminum cans should be an easy way to help the environment, right? (用可回收的铝罐代替污染海洋的塑料水瓶应该是一种帮助环境的简单方法，对吗？) 文章主要说明了铝罐代替塑料或玻璃瓶的优势，如铝罐可能会减少海洋垃圾，金属容器也比玻璃或塑料瓶轻，但它们也会给环境带来代价，文章还说明了使用铝罐的一些局限性。故A选项“铝罐还是塑料瓶？”最符合文章标题。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Teach Kids About Setting Goals
___36___ It can become an easy process for a lifetime if kids are taught goal setting at an early stage. They need to be offered a project to make them work on achieving something personal.
Set smart goals. A goal needs to be measurable, specific, realistic and timely in order to be effective. Kids prefer generalizing when it comes to goal setting. For example, one may want to be the best basketball player in the team. ___37___ What exactly does a goal like this mean? You need to ask them to be specific. Begin with scoring two baskets in each game(or however many; just something measurable!) so that they can keep pushing the barriers to achieve greater goals.
Write down goals. ___38___ Recent studies show that when goals are written down, the individual is likely to achieve them.
___39___ Kids have the habit of choosing goals that just seem impossible to achieve. You need to teach them the meaning of short and long-term goals and give your child reality checks.
Set up review points. You can ask them to write their main goal on the poster and mention the steps they would take for achieving their goal. ___40___ It is important to help your children have their own checkpoint systems that actually work for them.
A. Learn to set a long-term goal.
B. How is a goal like this measured?
C. Give up goals that are not realistic.
D. This tip is supported by science as well.
E. Goals can never be achieved unless they are written down.
F. It is essential for everybody, especially for kids, to set goals in life.
G. You can also ask them to track their progress once a week or month.
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何帮助孩子建立目标。
【36题详解】
根据后句“It can become an easy process for a lifetime if kids are taught goal setting at an early stage. They need to be offered a project to make them work on achieving something personal. (如果孩子们在早期就被教导设定目标，这可能会成为一个一辈子都很容易的过程。他们需要一个项目，让他们努力实现一些个人的东西)”可知，上文文主要论述了设定目标在孩子人生中的重要性。故F选项“对每个人来说，尤其是对孩子来说，设定人生目标是很重要的)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【37题详解】
根据前句“For example, one may want to be the best basketball player in the team.(例如，一个人可能想成为球队中最好篮球运动员)”以及后文“What exactly does a goal like this mean? (这样的目标到底意味着什么)”可知，前文举例定了一个人生目标，后文通过询问的方式，引起下文。故B选项“这样的目标是如何衡量的？”符合语境，故选B。
【38题详解】
根据后文“Recent studies show that when goals are written down, the individual is likely to achieve them. (最近的研究表明，当目标被写下来时，个人就有可能实现它们)”可知，本句是在说明目标写下来这一建议有科学依据。D选项中science对应后文studies。This tip呼应Write down goals。故D选项“这一建议也得到了科学的支持”符合语境，故选D。
【39题详解】
根据后文“Kids have the habit of choosing goals that just seem impossible to achieve. You need to teach them the meaning of short and long-term goals and give your child reality checks.(孩子们有选择那些看起来不可能实现的目标的习惯。你需要教他们短期和长期目标的概念，并让你的孩子认清现实)”可知，本段主要介绍怎么教孩子面对不现实的目标。故C选项“放弃不切实际的目标”为本段的标题，故选C。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Set up review points. You can ask them to write their main goal on the poster and mention the steps they would take for achieving their goal.(设置复习点。你可以让他们在海报上写下他们的主要目标，并提到他们将采取的步骤来实现他们的目标)”以及后文“It is important to help your children have their own checkpoint systems that actually work for them.(重要的是，要帮助你的孩子拥有真正适合他们的检查点系统)”可知，帮助孩子定期建立他们检查自己进步的检查点系统是很重要的。G选项中them对应后文children。故G选项“你可以要求他们每周或每月记录一次自己的进步”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分25分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My mom has been and will always be my biggest inspiration. She is a single parent of eight, and I have no idea how she ___41___. Throughout the years, my mom has overcome many hardships which could easily ___42___ someone with little faith.
Even when doctors ___43___ if my little sister Jessica would live to see the age of 1, my mom never lost ___44___. After visiting many doctors, my mom ___45___ to bring her home and make the best of my sister’s life instead of receiving the same results from different hospitals.
Jessica’s numerous hospital visits surely ___46___ her, but my mom never showed signs of ___47___. Her strength helped Jessica through every ___48___ time. No matter how confused Jessica was, my mom always made her feel as if there was nothing to ___49___, which enabled Jessica to live the life of a___50___ child. She attended a public school, went to parties to dance around excitedly. We actually ___51___ that she was even sick.
___52___, things began to take a turn for the worse. The whole family were heartbroken. Once again, my mom found a way to ___53___ us all. She made it her job to let us know that she had an effective support system. She decided to ___54___ her job and attend to Jessica’s every need. Gradually, I noticed our faith grew stronger than anything. Now Jessica is 18 years old and is enjoying her college life.
My mom gets us to realize that no matter how ___55___ our trials may appear, we have an effective support system. We are a family that will always be there for one another.
41. A. failed B. survived C. succeeded D. developed
42. A. shame B. influence C. anger D. discourage
43. A. declared B. questioned C. mentioned D. asked
44. A. hope B. temper C. interest D. patience
45. A. refused B. threatened C. decided D. hesitated
46. A. upset B. destroyed C. satisfied D. relieved
47. A. fright B. curiosity C. weakness D. sympathy
48. A. ripe B. tough C. lonely D. precious
49. A. worry about B. rely on C. learn from D. show off
50. A. difficult B. super C. gifted D. common
51. A. forgot B. noticed C. discovered D. sensed
52. A. Hopefully B. Unluckily C. Generally D. Seriously
53. A. blame B. comfort C. unite D. smooth
54. A. offer B. finish C. continue D. quit
55. A. complete B. temporary C. unfair D. unbearable
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. A 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. B 54. D 55. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者的妈妈是一位单亲妈妈，她要照顾有病的小妹妹。无论遇到什么困难妈妈都表现得很坚强，妈妈一直都是作者最大的精神力量。
【详解】1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是八个孩子的单亲妈妈，我不知道她是怎样活过来的。A.failed失败；B.survived幸存；C.succeeded成功；D.developed发展。结合常识和下文的“Throughout the years, my mom has overcome many hardships”可知，作者无法想象一个带着八个孩子的单亲妈妈那些年是如何活过来的。故选B。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：经历这么多年，我妈妈克服了许多很容易使一个缺乏信心的人灰心丧气的困难。A.shame使羞愧；B.influence影响；C.anger使生气；D.discourage使气馁。根据上文的“mymom has overcome many hardships”可推知，那么多年的苦难会让一个缺乏自信的人灰心丧气。故选D。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：甚至当医生质疑我的小妹妹杰西卡是否能活到一岁时，我妈妈也没有失去希望。A.declared宣布；B.questioned质疑；C.mentioned提及；D.asked提问。根据下文“if my little sister Jessica would live to see the age of 1”可知，医生对妹妹的生命存续时间是怀疑的，故选B。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.hope希望；B.temper脾气；C.interest兴趣；D.patience耐心。根据“my mom never lost”和下文的“After visiting many doctors，my mom. …”可知，尽管医生怀疑妹妹杰西卡不能活到一岁，妈妈也带着她看医生，由此可知，妈妈没有失去希望。故选A。
5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在看了多位医生之后，我妈妈决定带她回家，最好地照顾妹妹的生活，而不是从不同的医院得到同样的结果。A.refused拒绝；B.threatened威胁；C.decided决定；D.hesitated犹豫不决。根据上文的“After visiting many doctors”和下文的“to bring her home”可知，作者的妈妈决定带杰西卡回家。故选C。
6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰西卡去医院的次数太多，这肯定让我妈妈很烦恼，但是她从来没有表现出脆弱的迹象。A.upset使烦恼；B.destroyed毁掉；C.satisfied使满意；D.relieved欣慰。根据常识和上文的“Jessica’s numerous hospital visits”可知，多次去医院，且得到的结果都是一样，这肯定会让妈妈烦恼。故选A。
7.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.fright害怕；B.curiosity 好奇心；C.weakness弱势，缺点，虚弱；D.sympathy 同情。根据下文的“Her strength helped Jessica through every tough time.”可知，妈妈从来没有表现出脆弱的迹象，而是非常坚强，充满力量。故选C。
8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的力量帮助杰西卡度过了每一个艰难的时期。A.ripe成熟的；B.tough艰苦的，困难的；C.lonely寂寞的；D.precious珍贵的。结合上文提到杰西卡生病可知，妈妈的力量帮她度过了每个艰难时期。故选B。
9.考查动词词组辨析。句意：不管杰西卡有多困惑，我妈妈总是让她觉得没什么可担心的。A.worry about 担忧；B.rely on依赖；C.learn from从……学到；D.show off炫耀。根据下文的“She attended a public school, went to parties to dance around excitedly.”可知，即使生活有困难，但妈妈还是让杰西卡像其他孩子一样上学，参加聚会等。由此可知，妈妈总是让杰西卡觉得没有什么可担心的。故选A。
10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得杰西卡能够过一个普通孩子的生活。A.difficult 困难的；B.super特级的；C.gifted有天赋的；D.common普通的。根据下文的“She attended a public school, went to parties to dance around excitedly.”可知，杰西卡过着一个普通小孩应该过的生活。故选 D。
11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们实际上忘记她病得很重。A.forgot忘记；B.noticed注意；C.discovered发现；D.sensed感知。根据前文可知，母亲尽力使杰西卡过上普通孩子的生活，这让我们甚至忘了杰西卡是病人。故选A。
12.考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，事情开始变得更糟了。A.Hopefully希望地；B.Unluckily不幸地；C.Generally 渐渐地；D.Seriously严重地，严肃地。上一段讲述母亲尽力使杰西卡过上普通孩子的生活，后文说全家人都很心碎，表示病情不幸恶化。故选B。
13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：再一次，我妈妈发现了一种安慰我们所有人的有效方式。A.blame责备；B.comfort安慰；C.unite 团结；D.smooth抚平。根据下文的“She made it her job to let us know that she had an effective support system.”可知，妈妈让大家觉得她有能力支撑起整个家是为了安慰家人。故选B。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她决定放弃她的工作，并满足杰西卡的每一个需要。A.offer提供；B.finish完成；C.continue继续；D.quit辞去。根据下文的“attend to Jessica’s every need”可知，妈妈决定放弃工作。故选D。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈让我们意识到无论我们经历的磨难多么难以忍受，我们都有一个有效的支持系统。A.complete完全的；B.temporary临时的；C.unfair不公平的；D.unbearable难以忍受的。结合上文提到家里的困境以及妹妹生病可知，此处是指作者妈妈的行为让孩子们知道无论生活里的磨难有多么让人难以忍受，妈妈都是她们坚强的支柱。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Youth Olympic Games are the youth version of the Olympic Games. Young athletes ____56____ (age) between 15 and 18 compete in a wide range of sports. The ____57____(major) of these sports are identical to those at the Olympics but other sports, such as wushu, ____58____(add) too. The Youth Olympic Games give talented teenagers a chance ____59____(connect) with fellow athletes from diverse backgrounds. The focus is ____60____ building bridges between different cultures, so there are competitions ____61____(feature) mixed teams, such as mixed swimming relays. In these competitions, both male and female athletes, sometimes of different nationalities, play side by side.
The first Youth Olympic Games ____62____(hold) in Singapore in 2010, and China ranked first in the medal table with 30 gold medals. In 2014, Nanjing had ____63____ honour of hosting the second Summer Youth Olympic Games. This was another great success and China ____64____(top) the medal table again.
People across the world applaud athletes _____65_____ try hard to achieve sporting excellence.
【答案】56. aged
57. majority
58. have been added
59. to connect
60. on 61. featuring
62. were held
63. the 64. topped
65. who##that
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了青少年奥林匹克运动会的比赛项目、运动员组成和中国运动员所取得的成就等信息。
【56题详解】
考查形容词。句意：年龄在15到18岁之间的年轻运动员参加各种各样的运动项目。根据句意可知，“(age) between 15 and 18”是后置定语，修饰名词athletes，形容词aged意为“……岁”，只作后置定语。故填aged。
【57题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些项目大部分与奥运会项目相同，但其他项目，如武术，也被添加进来。结合句意和空格前定冠词The可知，应填入名词majority作主语，且the majority of为固定短语，意为“……的大多数”。故填majority。
【58题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：这些项目大部分与奥运会项目相同，但其他项目，如武术，也被添加进来。分析句子可知，提示词add是分句中谓语动词，结合句意，描述既定的事实对现在的影响，用现在完成时，add与主语other sports之间是被动关系，且主语是复数名词。综上，谓语动词用现在完成时被动语态，复数形式。故填have been added。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：青年奥林匹克运动会为有才华的青少年提供了一个与来自不同背景的运动员联系的机会。分析句子可知，connect是非谓语动词，作后置定语修饰名词chance，且a chance to do...为固定搭配，意为“一个做……的机会”。故填to connect。
【60题详解】
考查介词。句意：比赛的重点是在不同文化之间搭建桥梁，所以有一些比赛以混合代表队为特色，如混合游泳接力赛。根据句意“重点在……之上”可知，应用介词on，其意为“在……之上”，且focus也常和介词on搭配。故填on。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：比赛的重点是在不同文化之间搭建桥梁，所以有一些比赛以混合代表队为特色，如混合游泳接力赛。分析句子可知，feature(以……为特色)作后置定语修饰名词competitions，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语competitions之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词，表示主动 。故填featuring。
【62题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：2010年，首届青年奥林匹克运动会在新加坡举行，中国以30枚金牌名列奖牌榜第一。分析句子可知，hold(举行)是句中谓语动词，与主语The first Youth Olympic Games之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语in 2010，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语The first Youth Olympic Games是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，复数形式。故填were held。
【63题详解】
考查冠词。句意：2014年，南京有幸举办了第二届夏季青奥会。have the honour of doing是固定搭配，意为“有幸做……”。故填the。
【64题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：这是又一次巨大的成功，中国再次荣登奖牌榜榜首。分析句子可知，top(居……之首)是分句中谓语动词，与主语China之间是主动关系，根据语境可知，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态。故填topped。
【65题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：世界各地的人们为那些努力取得体育成就的运动员喝彩。分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词athletes，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who或者that引导该定语从句。故填who/that。
第四部分 写作（共三节，满分35分）
第一节（满分10分）
66. 假定你是李华，你在肯尼亚的笔友John擅长长跑，请你用英语给他写封邮件，邀请他来中国参加马拉松比赛。内容包括：
1. 你写信的目的；
2. John的优势；
3. 你能帮他做什么。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：肯尼亚Kenya 马拉松marathon
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear John，
How is everything?Nowadays more and more enthusiastic sports lovers are coming to China to take part in marathons. I know that you are crazy about long-distance running, therefore I am writing to invite you to come and compete.
As far as I am concerned, your endurance is beyond compare, so the marathon is suitable for you. And your motherland enjoys an excellent reputation of long-distance running, which gives you an advantage. What’s more, I can be your local guide and accompany you to the route for preparations.
Hope you can take my invitation into consideration. Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给肯尼亚的笔友John写封邮件，邀请他来中国参加马拉松比赛。
详解】1.词汇积累
参与，参加：take part in→participate in
对……热爱：be crazy about→be keen on
适合：be suitable for→be appropriate for
享有盛誉：enjoy an excellent reputation→enjoy great popularity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Nowadays more and more enthusiastic sports lovers are coming to China to take part in marathons.
拓展句：Nowadays more and more enthusiastic sports lovers are coming to China to take part in marathons, which means it’s quite popular with the public.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
I know that you are crazy about long-distance running, therefore I am writing to invite you to come and compete.（运用了that引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2]
And your motherland enjoys an excellent reputation of long-distance running, which gives you an advantage.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节（满分20分）
67. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Growing up, my family always had cats—but by the time I got to college, I wanted one l could call my own. So, I visited Animal Home in Michigan, looking for the perfect cat.
There was a black kitten I nearly ignored. He was skinny and small and not even cute, but he stuck his paws through the cage, trying to play with me. He was clearly interested in me, so I asked to hug him. He curled up on my shoulder and began purring(发出咕噜声). Our connection was immediate. I adopted him, named him Adam, and brought him home.
Over the next 16 years, Adam and I were so close. He was gentle, sweet and playful. But one night last year, everything changed.
It was as if one day Adam was still acting like a kitten, and then the next day he was vomiting(呕吐)all the time and no longer acting like his usual self. He'd lost weight and I knew that he was sick. I took him to the vet(兽医)and the diagnosis was sad: stomach cancer. Worse yet, the vet thought he was too old for operation. All I could do was give him medicine to help make him more comfortable.
A month later, Adam got worse. I took him to the emergency vet, where they kept him overnight to administer fluids(输液). When I went to pick him up the next morning, on Christmas Eve, the vet said it was time to end his life. It was the best thing to do for him. With deep sorrow, I said goodbye to him.
Once I got back home, reality hurt me much. Usually, Adam was there to wait for me at the door. But he was gone, leaving an aching emptiness in my life and in my home. I suffered from huge pain. I told my husband I didn't want another cat.
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Few weeks later, my friend Amy who rescued homeless cats called me.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After I brought the new cat home, my huge pain gradually disappeared.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Few weeks later, my friend Amy who rescued homeless cats called me. She saved an injured kitten from the street, asking if I could go and take care of the kitten while she cleaned her cage. I was unwilling but finally agreed. When I arrived, I picked up the cute kitten. To our amazement, she was incredibly mild and calm while I hugged her. Seeing the kitten was in desperate need of care, I was tempted to adopt her at once, but the grief for Adam was still burning me. After a hard struggle, I made up my mind to bring her home.
After I brought the new cat home, my huge pain gradually disappeared. My new companion lifted my depression greatly: She greeted me at the door daily, demanding hugs and kisses. With time going by, I was no longer painful by Adam's loss, instead I focused on providing a good home for my new kitten. Having to care for an animal again gave me a renewed sense of purpose. When I hold her and hug her, a sense of calm comes over me. Pain over loss can always be healed by new happiness. Hugging the kitten, I realized the connection between me and the cat saved me.
【解析】
【分析】本文以时间为线索展开。作者收养了一只黑猫，给它取名叫亚当，他们相互陪伴了十六年。直到有一天，亚当被诊断出了胃癌，因为年纪太大无法手术，在平安夜那天，兽医结束了他的生命。作者认为自己不会再养猫了。几周之后，朋友艾米请求作者帮忙照顾一只小猫，作者在与她相处的过程中决定将小猫带回家。在小猫的陪伴下，作者意识到自己逐渐被治愈了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“几周后，我的朋友艾米给我打电话，她曾拯救过无家可归的猫。”可知，第一段可描写朋友艾米邀请作者帮她照顾小猫，作者十分不愿意，但是还是帮忙照顾小猫，最后将小猫带回了家。
②由第二段首句内容“当我把这只新猫带回家后，我巨大的痛苦逐渐消失了。”可知，第二段可描写作者照顾小猫，在与小猫相处的过程中，逐渐被治愈了。
2.续写线索：Amy寻求作者帮助——作者犹豫——前往帮助——带猫回家——与小猫一起生活——逐渐被治愈
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.到达：arrive/get to/reach
②.决定：make up one's mind to do/be determined to do
③.专注：focus on/concentrate on
情绪类
①.不愿意：unwilling/reluctant
②.痛苦的：painful/sorrowful
【点睛】[高分句型1]. She saved an injured kitten from the street, asking if I could go and take care of the kitten while she cleaned her cage. （现在分词作状语以及if引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2].When I hold her and hug her, a sense of calm comes over me.（when引导的时间状语从句）
第三节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
68. Every four years, thousands of highly trained and talented athletes gather together in the spirit of friendship, ________ and fair play, ready to test their abilities against each other in the hope of being recognized as the best of the best. （根据课文内容填空）
【答案】solidarity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：每隔四年，数千名训练有素、才华横溢的运动员聚集在一起，本着友谊、团结和公平竞争的精神，准备互相测试自己的能力，希望被公认为精英中的精英。根据课文内容和“in the spirit of friendship”和“and fair play”可知，此处是指本着友谊、团结和公平竞争的精神，所以应用名词solidarity表示“团结”作介词of的宾语。故填solidarity。
69. ________, genome editing is one of the greatest inventions in the history of science. (根据课文内容填空)
【答案】Without doubt
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：毫无疑问，基因组编辑是科学史上最伟大的发明之一。根据课文内容，此处缺少without doubt“毫无疑问”，固定短语，故填Without doubt。
70. To sum up，it is wise to read news reports written from various perspectives and at different stages，which brings us to a more______understanding of a situation. （根据句意填空）
【答案】accurate
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：总之，阅读不同角度、不同阶段的新闻报道是明智的，这将使我们能够准确的了解情况。根据句意及句子结构可知主干完整，缺少对名词“理解”的修饰词 ，根据前句可知“不同角度和阶段，可以准确的理解”。accurate“准确的”为形容词，符合题意，故填accurate。
71. In short, this technology is transforming the way we live. ______.（根据句意填空）
【答案】It is clear that we are at a turning point in history
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句和短语。句意：简而言之，这项技术正在改变我们的生活方式。很明显，我们正处于历史的转折点。根据课文所学及句意可知，表达“很明显”可用句型it is clear that...，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。“我们正处于历史的转折点”可表达为we are at a turning point in history，从句为主系表结构，不缺少主要成分，用that引导。故填：It is clear that we are at a turning point in history。
72. Though journalists ______ presenting the truth，it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports. （根据句意填空）
【答案】are committed to
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定短语。句意：虽然新闻工作者致力于报道真相，但与其依赖新闻报道，不如运用自己的判断。根据主句时态，可知让步状语从句用一般现在时；短语：be committed to“致力于”是固定短语；从句主语“journalists”是复数，从句谓语动词用复数，故填are committed to。
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