高考英语二轮复习语法专练专题三形容词和副词课件 (含解析)

这是一份高考英语二轮复习语法专练专题三形容词和副词课件 (含解析)，共25页。

考向分析形容词和副词是历年来高考的高频考点之一,考查内容主要涉及倍数的 表达法、形容词或副词的比较级和最高级在常用句式中的应用,有时也 会利用具体语境来考查比较级和最高级。
考点清单一、平级比较的常用表达单句填空1.I had as much fun sailing the seas as I nw d wrking with students.答案　as　句意:我在海上航行和现在与学生一起工作一样快乐。根据 常用表达“as+many/much+名词...+as...”可知,空格处填as。2.It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.答案　an　句意:人们普遍认为,教学既是一门艺术,也是一门科学。根 据句式“as+much+a/an+名词+as...”可知,空格处填不定冠词an。
3.It was after he gt what he had desired that he realized it was nt s/as imprtant.答案　s/as　在句尾省略了“as what he had desired”,结合常用表达“nt as/s+形容词或副词的原级+as”可知,空格处填s/as。单句改错4.(2015福建卷)The failure was a big blw t him, but he wasn’t discuraged and sn gt s enthusiastic as ever.s→as答案　s→as　句意:这次失败对他来说是一个很大的打击,可是他并没 有气馁,很快他就又像以前那样充满热情了。根据在肯定句中平级比较 用“as+形容词原级+as”可知,句中的s使用错误,应改为as。
1.as+形容词或副词的原级+asHe is as tall as his father.他和他父亲一样高。2.nt as/s+形容词或副词的原级+as (表示前者不如后者……)He desn?t study as/s hard as his brther. 他学习不如他弟弟努力。3.as+形容词的原级+a/an+单数名词+as+其他Tm is as hard-wrking a by as his brther.汤姆是和他弟弟一样努力的 男孩。4.as+many/much+名词+as+其他I have as many bks as yu.我的书和你的书一样多。
二、比较级的常用表达单句填空1.The traffic n the main streets has a　 lnger      (lng) green signal than that n the small nes.答案　lnger　空后的than是关键词,此处为常用表达“形容词或副词 的比较级+than+其他”,故空格处填lnger。2.The 　 harder    (hard) yu try t beat him, the mre likely yu will get hit.答案　harder　根据句式“the+比较级+其他,the+比较级+其他”可知, 空格处填harder。
3.The water was simply the cntainer fr an act f kindness and lve and nthing culd be 　 sweeter    (sweet ).答案　sweeter　空后省略了“than it”,结合语境“没有什么比这更甜 的了”可知,空格处填比较级sweeter。此处否定词与比较级连用相当 于最高级。单句改错4.Of the tw sisters, Betty is the yungest ne, and she is als the ne wh lves t be quiet.   yungest→yunger   答案　yungest→yunger 　句意:贝蒂是这两个姐妹中较年轻的那个, 而且她也是喜欢安静的那个。这里表示“两者中更/较……的”,故 yungest改为yunger。
1.形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成规则[A]规则变化:
名师点睛　少数双音节词及以-er或-le结尾的词,可以有两种比较级和最高级形式。cmmn→cmmner/mre cmmn→cmmnest/mst cmmn[B]不规则变化:
2.形容词和副词比较级的常见用法(1)表示一方不及另一方时,用“less+原级+than”结构。This cmputer is less expensive than mine.这台电脑没有我的贵。(2)表示一方程度随另一方程度平行变化时,用“the+比较级...,the+比较 级...”,意为“越……越……”。The busier he is, the happier he feels.他越忙越感到高兴。(3)不与其他事物相比较,表示本身程度的改变时,用“比较级+and+比较 级/mre and mre+原级”结构,意为“越来越……”。
Our schl is becming mre and mre beautiful.我们学校变得越来越漂亮了。(4)表示“和……一样不……”时,用“n+比较级+than”结构。Yu are n taller than I.你和我一样都不高。(5)注意下列短语的使用:①be mre than意为“超过,不仅仅;非常”。There are mre than fifty students in the class.这个班有50多个学生。(mre than此时多与数词连用)Peace is mre than the absence f war.和平不仅仅是没有战争。(mre than此时多与名词连用)She is mre than selfish.她非常自私。(mre than此时多与形容词连用)
②意为“与其说……不如说……”。She is mre careless than stupid.与其说她笨,还不如说她粗心大意。③nt mre than“至多”。I have nt mre than ten bks in my bag.我包里的书不多于10本。④n mre than“只有,仅仅”。I have n mre than ten bks in my bag.我的包里仅有10本书。
⑤less than“少于”。It had cst Tm less than five dllars.它花费汤姆不到五美元。⑥n less than“有……之多”。N less than a thusand peple came.多达1000人来了。⑦nt less than“不少于”。He is nt less than 80 years ld.他至少80岁了。(6)“the+比较级+f+the tw... ”表示“两者中更/较……的”Tm is the taller f the tw bys.汤姆是这两个男孩中较高的那个。
3.比较级形式表示最高级意义的表达方式(1)否定词+比较级(2)比较级+than+any ther+单数名词(3)比较级+than+the ther+复数名词(4)比较级+than+anyne/anything else(5)比较级+than+any f the ther+复数名词I have never spent a mre wrrying day.我度过了最令人担忧的一天。I can’t agree mre.我完全同意。
Every mrning he arrives earlier than any ther student in the class.=Every mrning he arrives earlier than the ther students in the class.=Every mrning he arrives earlier than any f the ther students in the class.=Every mrning he arrives earlier than the rest f the students in the class.每天早上他都是班里来得最早的。
三、最高级的常用表达单句填空1.Brightn is the 　 healthiest      (health) city in Britain with the highest level f persnal trainers, yga clubs and health fd stres, accrding t a survey released n Friday.答案　healthiest　根据语境“布莱顿是英国最健康的城市”可知,空格 处填最高级healthiest。
2.This is by far　 the mst inspiring     (inspiring)mvie that I have ever seen.答案　the mst inspiring　由by far和I have ever seen可知这里应用最高 级。3.(2017河北唐山调研)Al’s adult sn, Ernie, hwever, is ne f the kindest  (kind) men I have ever knwn.答案　kindest　根据I have ever knwn可推知设空处需用形容词最高级。
单句改错4.As is knw t all, the Peple’s Republic f China is the bigger develp- ing cuntry in the wrld.          bigger→biggest               答案　bigger→biggest　句意:众所周知,中华人民共和国是世界上最大 的发展中国家。根据句意可知,句中的bigger使用错误,应改为最高级形 式。
1.形容词最高级(+名词)+表示范围的状语She is the mst active student in ur class.她是我们班最活跃的学生。2.ne f+the+形容词最高级+名词复数Shanghai is ne f the biggest cities in ur cuntry.=Shanghai is amng the biggest cities in ur cuntry.上海是我们国家最大的城市之一。3.序数词+形容词最高级+名词Africa is the secnd largest cntinent in the wrld.非洲是世界上第二大洲。
四、倍数的常用表达单句填空1.My uncle’s huse in the dwntwn area is much smaller than urs, but it is twice as expensive.答案　as　句意:我叔叔在市区的房子比我们的小得多,但价格是我们 的房子的两倍。句尾省略了“as urs”,结合倍数的表达法“倍数+as+ 形容词或副词的原级+as”可知,空格处填as。
2.It’s knwn t us that the earth is 49 times the size f the mn.答案　f　题干为倍数表达法,即“倍数+the+名词(length,size,height, weight,depth等)+f+其他”,故空格处填介词f。3.Our city has experienced twice as much rain this year as it did last year. 答案　as　句意:我们城市今年的降雨量是去年的两倍。根据倍数的常 用表达“倍数+as+much+名词+as+其他”可知,空格处填as。
单句改错4.It’s said that the pwer plant is nw twice as what it used t be.     删掉as          答案　删掉as　根据倍数的表达法“倍数+what+从句”可知,应该删除 as。
1.倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as2.倍数+形容词/副词的比较级+than3.倍数+the+名词+f4.倍数+what从句Our classrm is three times as large as theirs.=Our classrm is three times larger than theirs.=Our classrm is three times the size f theirs.我们的教室是他们教室的三倍大。The length f the rad is fur times what it was three years ag.这条路的 长度是三年前的4倍。
技巧点拨语篇型语法填空与短文改错中对本专题内容的考查较多,如:例1　I am srry I have smething imprtant (imprtantly) t d.例2　Jhnsn fund the wrk slightly difficult (difficulty).例3　He is lying in bed, wide awake (wake).