广东省广州市第六中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期中试题（Word版附答案）

这是一份广东省广州市第六中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期中试题（Word版附答案），共32页。

广州市第六中学 2021 级高二上学期期中考试-英语试题
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分， 共 10 页，满分 135 分，考试用时 105 分钟。
注意事项：
1 ．涂答题卡前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、班级、 考 号等相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后， 用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑; 如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案; 答案写在试卷上无效。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目 指定区域内的相应位置上; 如需改动， 先划掉原来的答案， 然后再写上新的 答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4 ．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
I 卷(共 80 分)
一、语法单项选择 (共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分。)
1. Thanks to recent advances in technology, ________ we make friends and communicate with them has changed dramatically.
A. why B. whether C. that D. how
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：由于最近技术的进步，我们交朋友和与他们交流的方式发生了巨大的变化。A. why为什么；B. whether是否；C. that(引导状语从句，表示目的)为了；D. how如何。分析句子结构可知，空处考查引导主语从句的连接词，从句部分结构完整，所以应该用连接词副词引导，结合语意可知，此处意为“如何”，故应用how引导主语从句，在句中作方式状语。故选D项。
2. My experience tells me that it’s not _______ you are given but how you make use of it _______determines who you are.
A. which; what B. what; that C. that; which D. what; which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句和强调句。句意：我的经验告诉我，决定你是谁的不是你被给予了什么，而是你如何利用它。分析句子结构，that引导的宾语从句使用强调句结构“it is+被强调部分+that+其他部分”，not _______ you are given but how you make use of it是被强调部分，所以第二空应用that，被强调部分在原句中作主语，空处引导主语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，应用what引导从句。故选B项。
3. ________ was beyond their expectation that they finally reached a place ________ sold drinks and other small articles.
A. What; which B. It; where
C. It; which D. What; where
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查代词it和定语从句。句意：出乎他们的意料，他们终于到了一个卖饮料和其他小物品的地方。分析句子结构可知，________ was beyond their expectation缺主语，that they finally reached a place是主语从句，所以第一空应填it作形式主语；a place ________ sold drinks and other small articles是缺乏关系词的定语从句，先行词为a place，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用which引导。故选C。
4. The WHO official calls on all the governments over the world to take ________ measures we think the best to stop the pandemic of Covid- 19.
A. whose B. that C. whatever D. no matter which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：世界卫生组织官员呼吁世界各国政府采取我们认为最好的措施来阻止新冠肺炎肺炎的流行。A. whose谁的；B. that那个；C. whatever任何…都；D. no matter which不论哪一个。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，whatever measures表示“无论什么样的措施”。故选C。
5. The manager believes that stupid ________ Mr. Smith is, ________ he said makes perfect sense.
A. that; which B. as; what C. as; that D. though; which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句和名词性从句。句意：经理认为尽管史密斯先生很愚蠢，但他说的很有道理。根据句意再分析句子可知，believes后面的宾语从句中包含一个让步状语从句，并且这个让步状语从句是一个倒装句，把表语stupid提到了主语前，根据语法规则，as引导让步状语从句必须用倒装，though引导让步状语从句可以倒装，也可以不倒装，所以，第一个空格处用as或though都可以。第二个空格所在的部分“________he said”是一个主语从句，该主语从句缺少宾语，所以空格处应该填入一个连接代词，且意义为“……的”，应用what。故选B项。
6. It remains to be seen ________ will sign up for the 1500-meter race.
A. whoever B. who C. whom D. which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：谁将报名参加1500米赛跑还有待观察。分析句子可知，句中It是形式主语，“ will sign up for the 1500-meter race.”是主语从句。从句中缺少主语，结合句意，表示“谁将报名……”，应用连接代词who引导该从句。故选B项。
7. Tim Bemers-Lee is generally considered ________ the World Wide Web, on which all the information is shared by all.
A. to have founded B. having founded
C. founding D. to found
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式的完成式。句意：蒂姆·伯纳斯·李通常被认为创建了万维网，所有信息都在万维网上共享。consider作“考虑”时，其后接动名词作宾语；若作“认为，以为”时，其后可接复合宾语consider sb. to do sth.，被动语态为be considered to do…；根据句意，此处consider 意为“认为”，且found“创建”是在“认为”之前完成，故不定式要用完成式。故选A。
8. The play ________ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture．
A. will be produced B. to produce
C. to be produced D. produced
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该剧将于下月制作，主要目的是反映当地文化。分析句子可知，本句的谓语动词是aims，题干中缺少的是the play的定语。A项“will be produced”是一般将来时的被动语态，是谓语动词；B项“to produce”是动词不定式的主动结构，表示主动和将来；C项“to be produced”是动词不定式的被动语态，表示将来和被动；D项“produced”是过去分词表示被动完成。根据题干中的next month可知，此处表示“将被制作”，所以C选项是正确的。故选C。
9. ________ twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.
A. Examining B. Examined
C. Being examined D. Having examined
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：无论是汽车，公交车还是卡车，两年被检查一次是这个城市里所以的司机都要遵守的规则。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作主语，应用动名词形式；a car or a bus or a truck与examine是被动关系，故用动名词的被动形式。故选C。
10. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons______ for the day.
A. finishing B. finished
C. had finished D. were finished
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们从语法学校回家，今天的作业写完了。根据句子结构判断，前后句没有连词，此处为独立主格结构，完成和逻辑主语课程是被动关系，功课是被完成，因此用过去分词。故选B。
【点睛】
11. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day.
A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：玻璃门取代了入口处的木门，让白天的自然光进来。句中已有谓语动词have taken the place of且无连词，故空处应用非谓语动词，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词。故选B。
12. She wants her paintings ________ in the gallery, but we don’t think they would be very popular.
A. be displayed B. to display C. displaying D. displayed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：她想要她的绘画在画廊展出，但是我们认为那些画不会太受欢迎。“want+宾语+to do”是固定结构，动词不定式在句中作宾语补足语。此处宾语her paintings与display是被动关系，则不定式用被动语态，即to be displayed。此时被动不定式to be done的to be就可以省略成done, 构成want sth. done句型。作宾补的过去分词其实是被动不定式的简略形式，这个过去分词表示被动意义，但时间却并不是谓语之前发生过的动作，而是还没有发生的将来动作。故选D。
13. On the desk ________ a Chinese brush ________ he had made drawing.
A. lay; with which B. lied; by which
C. laid; in which D. lay; by which
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析、介词和定语从句。句意：桌子上放着一支他用来画画的毛笔。A. lay放置；B. lied说谎；C. laid放置(lay的过去式和过去分词)；D. lay放置。根据“a Chinese brush”可知此处表示“放置”；第二空为介词+which引导的定语从句，固定搭配draw with意为“用……画”，所以用with which引导定语从句。故选A项。
14. The reason ________ she gave for not being present was ________ the heavy snow prevented her coming.
A. ×; because B. why; because
C. ×; that D. why; that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：她给出的不来的理由是大雪使她不能来。分析句子可知，“ she gave”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The reason，关系代词将先行词代入定语从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that或which引导该定语从句，关系代词作宾语，也可省略；“ the heavy snow prevented her coming”是表语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，只能用连词that引导该从句。故选C项。
15. His suggestion, according to the article he wrote for the Post, is that organic farming ________ to guarantee the quality of both plants and the soil.
A. be adopted B. is adjusted
C. should be adapted D. can be attained
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析和虚拟语气。句意：根据他为《华盛顿邮报》撰写的文章，他的建议是，应该采用有机农业，以保证植物和土壤的质量。A. adopt采取；B. adjust调整；C. adapt适应；D. attain获得。根据“organic farming”可知此处表示“被采用”，suggestion、advice等名词后的表语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词。故选A项。
二、阅读 (共两节, 满分 50 分。)
第一节(共 15 小题; 每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分。)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Pop art, which first appeared in the ‘50s and rose in popularity throughout the ‘60s, sought to challenge the idea of fine art.
Andy Warhol (1928-1987)
Andy Warhol is probably the most influential figure of Pop art. He became a famous celebrity himself. Understanding “star-culture”, advertisement and the effect of the media, he made these the core of his work. His screenprinted images of Marilyn Monroe, Soup cans, and sensational newspaper stories, quickly became synonymous (同义词) with Pop art.
Roy Lichtenstein (1923-1997)
Roy Lichtenstein is one of the fathers of the Pop Art movement. In November 2015, Christie’s sold Lichtenstein’s “Nurse” for a record $95.4 million. In this piece, as well as in other works, we can see how the enlarged imagery of adverts and comics with recognizable characters, highlights the ironic (讽刺好笑的) images and situations in every-day life.
Mimmo Rotella (1918-2006)
Italian artist Mimmo Rotella, was one of the most important figures of post-war European art. He combined pieces of adverts and posters in his works. For this technique he used a series of torn posters, gathering them to create a tremendously expressive and powerful aesthetic (美学). His works Sempre lei Marilyn (2002) and Viva America (1963) are easy to recognize.
James Rosenquist (1933-2017)
James Rosenquist can be considered one of the strongest and most influential modern Pop Art artists. His work dived deep into cinematography and advertising. He employed techniques which are conventionally used to create Commercial Art. His works appear as an overwhelming mixture of fragmented (成碎片的) images of current celebrities, everyday objects and popular foods - giant lipsticks or spaghetti. If you go to Centre Pompidou, Paris, you can see his work President-Elect.
16. What artwork will you turn to if you are interested in Andy Warhol?
A. Marilyn Monroe. B. Nurse.
C. Viva America. D. President-Elect.
17. Which artist creates his works by putting together cut and torn posters?
A. Andy Warhol. B. Roy Lichtenstein.
C. Mimmo Rotella. D. James Rosenquist.
18. What do the four pop art artists’ works have in common?
A. They are typical fine art.
B. They show ironic everyday life.
C. They employ traditional techniques.
D They are somewhat related to advertisements.
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个有名的艺术家和他们的艺术风格。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据Andy Warhol (1928-1987)中的“His screenprinted images of Marilyn Monroe, Soup cans, and sensational newspaper stories, quickly became synonymous (同义词) with Pop art.(他的玛丽莲梦露、汤罐头和耸人听闻的报纸故事的丝网印刷图像，迅速成为波普艺术的同义词)”可知，如果你对Andy Warhol感兴趣，你会选择玛丽莲·梦露。故选A项。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据Mimmo Rotella (1918-2006)中的“He combined pieces of adverts and posters in his works. For this technique he used a series of torn posters, gathering them to create a tremendously expressive and powerful aesthetic (美学). (他在作品中结合了广告和海报。对于这种技术，他使用了一系列撕裂的海报，将它们收集起来，创造出一种极具表现力和强大的美学)”可知，Mimmo Rotella将一系列撕裂的海报，将它们收集起来，创造作品。故选C项。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据 Andy Warhol (1928-1987)部分“He became a famous celebrity himself. Understanding “star-culture”, advertisement and the effect of the media, he made these the core of his work. (他自己也成了有名的名人。他对“明星文化”、广告和媒体效应的理解，使这些成为他工作的核心)”以及Roy Lichtenstein (1923-1997)部分“In this piece, as well as in other works, we can see how the enlarged imagery of adverts and comics with recognizable characters, highlights the ironic (讽刺好笑的) images and situations in every-day life.(在这件作品中，以及在其他作品中，我们可以看到广告和漫画的放大图像以及可识别的人物，如何突出讽刺图像和日常生活中的情况)”以及Mimmo Rotella (1918-2006)部分“He combined pieces of adverts and posters in his works. (他在作品中结合了广告和海报)”和James Rosenquist (1933-2017)部分的“His work dived deep into cinematography and advertising. (他的工作深入到电影摄影和广告领域)”可知，与广告相关是他们的共同点。故选D项。
B
Cikgu Azam worked in an IT department. At the same time he had a side job where he prepared activities for school children with special needs.
In 2007, during a program, he succeeded in helping a boy with cerebral palsy (脑瘫). “While I was assisting him, I could see the tears of joy coming from his parents who were there with us as well,” he said. “If you had more expert knowledge, you’d help more people,” his friends told him. With that, he went back to school to get a degree in special education.
In 2009, he became a special education teacher in a school. Trained to help students with cerebral palsy, when he came to the school in the first year, he was surprised to learn that he would also be teaching blind students. However, he did not back down in the face of such pressure, Cikgu took the time to educate himself on what would best help his students.
“It’s disappointing to see they are so used to their closed environment. It’s not because they are disabled, but because they don’t have the courage to explore the outside world that has caused them to be depressed.” He changed this by helping them run, simply putting his hands on their shoulders to guide them. One of his students, Nur Yusrina Alisya, won several awards in sporting events.
But as he’s gotten older, it’s difficult to keep up with them. “So, one day, I saw one student pushing a foldable trolley (推车) and the idea suddenly came to mind,” he said. Ever since then, Cikgu has made it his mission to create an even better device. He’s built Caballus RAFVI which is named after a blind but brave horse. “My students need it so they can participate in sporting activities. I’ll try to improve it,” he said. “I’m going to stick with my job though I’m getting older.”
19. What made Cikgu get a degree in special education?
A. The IT department’s requirements.
B. His success in helping a boy.
C. The boy’s parents assisting him.
D. The encouragement of his friends.
20. How did Cikgu find his first year in the special education school?
A. Challenging. B. Disturbing.
C. Promising. D. Refreshing.
21. What did Cikgu think the students lack?
A. Healthy bodies. B. Self-confidence.
C. Daily exercise. D. Families’ concern.
22. What can we infer about Cikgu from the last paragraph?
A. He’ll retire immediately. B. He’s looking after horses.
C. He’s a potential inventor. D. He’ll participate in a sport.
【答案】19. D 20. A 21. B 22. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是阿扎姆为了帮助有特殊需要的学生，放弃了IT部门的工作，再次回到学校，获得了特殊教育学位，并成为了特殊教育学校的一名教师。他克服重重困难，帮助孩子走出自我封闭，并发明了一种帮助失明孩子跑步的设备。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的最后两句“‘If you had more expert knowledge, you’d help more people,’ his friends told him. With that he went back to school to get a degree in special education.”（“如果你具备专业知识，你就能帮助更多的人。”他的朋友告诉他。于是，他回校修读，取得了特殊教育学位。）可知，阿扎姆是受到朋友的鼓励才回到了学校，取得特殊教育学位的。故选D项。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的第二、三句“Trained to help students with cerebral palsy, when he came to the school in the first year, he was surprised to learn that he would also be teaching blind students. However, he did not back down in the face of such pressure.”（他接受的培训是帮助患有脑瘫的学生，但他第一年到学校时惊讶地发现他也要给失明的学生授课。然而，他面对压力，没有退缩。）可知，他接受的培训是帮助患有脑瘫的学生，可却也要教授失明学生——这不在他所接受的培训范围之内，而且从“such pressure”可以看出这是他的压力，所以第一学年对他来说很具有挑战性。故选A项。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的第二句“It’s not because they are disabled, but because they don’t have the courage to explore the outside world that has caused them to be depressed.”（并不是因为他们身患残疾，而是因为他们没有勇气去探索外面的世界，致使他们沮丧。）可知，这些患有残疾的学生自我封闭，没有勇气探索外面的世界，说明他们缺少自信心。故选B项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“one day, I saw one student pushing a foldable trolley (推车) and the idea suddenly came to mind(有一天，我看到一个学生推着一辆可折叠的手推车，我突然想到了这个想法)”以及“Ever since then, Cikgu has made it his mission to create an even better device. He’s built Caballus RAFVI which is named after a blind but brave horse.(从那以后，Cikgu把创造更好的设备作为他的使命。他建造了卡巴勒斯·拉夫维，这是以一匹失明但勇敢的马命名的)”可知，阿扎姆看到一个学生推着一辆可折叠手推车，这给了他发明灵感，于是他发明了旨在帮助失明学生跑步用的Caballus RAFVI设备，而且他还要不断地改进该设备。由此可推知，他是一个潜在的发明家。故选C项。
C
Japan is a nation that appreciates the virtues of silence and good manners. Yet, when it comes to eating noodles, Japanese people can be the loudest in the world.
According to lifestyle website Grapee.jp, slurping (发出喷喷声) when eating noodles is encouraged in Japanese culture. It’s believed that taking air into your mouth can enhance the flavor of the noodles and help cool down the food. It’s also considered to be a way to show appreciation for the dish. Sometimes, just making the noise alone seems to make the noodles more enjoyable.
It was not until a new expression — “noodle harassment” — came out on social media that Japanese people started to realize the problem. They found that the slurping noise was making some foreign visitors uncomfortable.
As a response, Japanese instant noodle maker Nissin introduced a so-called noise- canceling fork last month. The fork looks like an electric toothbrush. It is connected wirelessly to a smartphone. When the person using the fork starts to slurp, the fork will send a signal to the person’s phone. Then the phone will play a sound to mask the slurping noise.
But is it really necessary? Dining traditions and table manners do vary. In India, people eat with their hands. They think they build a connection with the food in this way. However, people who are used to eating with forks might find it unacceptable to get their hands covered in oil or sauce. But this eating method is part of India’s culture, just like Japan’s slurping is part of its own.
“So, if you are eating noodles, please slurp as you like,” wrote a Japanese food blogger. “If anyone gets annoyed while you are doing that, ignore them. They’re missing the point entirely.”
23. The following are the reasons for slurping when eating noodles except ________.
A. Showing love for the noodles.
B. Improving the flavor of the noodles.
C. Showing good manners.
D. Adding to the pleasure of eating noodles.
24. What does the underlined word mean in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Annoyance. B. Anxiety. C. Politeness. D. Appreciation.
25. How does the noise-canceling fork work?
A. The fork removes the slurping noise.
B. The fork can be used as an electric toothbrush.
C. A smartphone reminds the user to stop slurping.
D. A smartphone receives a signal from the fork and plays a sound to hide the noise.
26. Why does the author mention people in India in this passage?
A. To tell us the culture of India.
B. To show that forks are unnecessary.
C. To give an example of cultural differences.
D. To show the Indian way of solving the problem.
【答案】23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了日本人吃面条发出喷喷声的这一文化现象以及产生的影响，告诉我们要尊重饮食文化差异。
23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“It’s believed that taking air into your mouth can enhance the flavor of the noodles and help cool down the food. It’s also considered to be a way to show appreciation for the dish. Sometimes, just making the noise alone seems to make the noodles more enjoyable. (人们相信，将空气吸入嘴里可以增强面条的味道，并帮助食物降温。这也被认为是对这道菜表示赞赏的一种方式。有时候，仅仅是发出噪音似乎就能让面条更美味)”可知，日本人吃面条喜欢发出喷喷声是因为可以展示对面条的喜爱，提升面条的味道和增加吃面条的乐趣，只有C选项“表现良好的举止”不属于其原因。故答案为C。
【24题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段“ They found that the slurping noise was making some foreign visitors uncomfortable. (他们发现这种声音让一些外国游客感到不舒服)”，可知，这种喷喷声已经影响到外国游客并让他们感觉不舒服，由此可推测出划线部分“harassment”是负面含义。结合选项：A. Annoyance烦恼，生气；B. Anxiety焦虑；C. Politeness礼貌；D. Appreciation欣赏，感激。A选项与harassment词义相近。故答案为A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The fork looks like an electric toothbrush. It is connected wirelessly to a smartphone. When the person using the fork starts to slurp, the fork will send a signal to the person’s phone. Then the phone will play a sound to mask the slurping noise. (该叉子看起来像电动牙刷。它与智能手机无线连接。当使用叉子的人开始发出声音时，叉子会向这个人的手机发送一个信号。然后手机会播放一种声音来掩盖喷喷声)”可知，消音叉的运作模式是：手机接收消音叉发出的信号，然后手机会播放声音去掩盖喷喷声，所以选项D符合题意。故答案为D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“But is it really necessary? Dining traditions and table manners do vary. In India, people eat with their hands. They think they build a connection with the food in this way. However, people who are used to eating with forks might find it unacceptable to get their hands covered in oil or sauce. But this eating method is part of India’s culture, just like Japan’s slurping is part of its own. (但这真的有必要吗？饮食传统和餐桌礼仪确实各不相同。在印度，人们用手吃东西。他们认为他们通过这种方式与食物建立了一种联系。然而，习惯用叉子吃饭的人可能会觉得手沾满油或酱是不可接受的。但这种饮食方式是印度文化的一部分，就像日本人吃东西发出的喷喷声是自己文化的一部分一样)”可知作者提及印度人的原因就是为了强调不同文化中饮食习惯和餐桌礼仪是有差异的，而这种差异是一种正常现象，所以C选项“为了举一个文化差异的例子”符合题意。故答案为C。
D
The rise of the internet and social media has greatly expanded our access to information—and that includes false or misleading information. Thus, it’s vital to teach our children media literacy—the ability to critically evaluate information online.
A 2016 Stanford University study, for example, showed that high school students had a hard time distinguishing between sponsored content and news articles or determining the potential prejudice of social media messages. A more recent MIT study on the spread of false information on Twitter found that fake news stories were 70 percent more likely to be retweeted (推特转发) than true news stories.
“We’re in the most profound information revolution in 500 years,” says Howard Schneider, the executive director of Stony Brook University’s Center for News Literacy. “Our children are not prepared for the change. My metaphor is that we need to inject every student with an initial dose of news literacy before they leave middle school. We need to build their immunities (免疫) against this flood of false information and then continue to strengthen these lessons in high school.”
Rachel Kelsh, a social studies teacher from Hampton Bays High School on Long Island, is one of the teachers piloting Stony Brook’s program. Every week her students learn to examine current events using different news sources. She uses this time to explain why some stories are reliable and others aren’t, and to teach how some people carefully choose their news only from sources that share their political bent. She also explains how social media algorithms (算法) work—for example, how liking something on TikTok means you’ll be shown more of that type of content. And she insists that parents should also do their part in their children’s media literacy.
Media literacy is a key 21st century skill and its importance will only increase. Learning how to evaluate media is an increasingly important skill for our children.
27. What did the author hope to show by citing the two university studies?
A. The influence of fake news. B. The misjudgment of students.
C. The wide access to online news. D. The urgency of critical thinking.
28. What does the metaphor of “to inject our child with an initial dose of news literacy” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. To teach our child media literacy at a young age.
B. To stop our child receiving false information.
C. To keep our child immune against online news.
D. To protect our child against addiction to online news.
29. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. How Stony Brook’s program is running.
B. How students fight with online fake news.
C. How people work together to help children.
D. How social media work on children.
30. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. The Most Needed Skill in the 21st Century
B. Media Literacy, a Must for Our Children
C. Be Careful with News Stories Online
D. The Importance of Media Literacy
【答案】27. D 28. A 29. A 30. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了互联网和社交媒体的兴起极大地扩大了我们获取信息的渠道，其中包括虚假或误导性信息。因此，教育我们的孩子如何批判性地评估网上信息是至关重要的，媒体素养对孩子们来说将会是一项越来越重要的技能。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“A 2016 Stanford University study, for example, showed that high school students had a hard time distinguishing between sponsored content and news articles or determining the potential prejudice of social media messages.”（2016年斯坦福大学的一项研究表明，高中生很难区分赞助内容和新闻文章，也很难确定社交媒体信息的潜在偏见。）以及“A more recent MIT study on the spread of false information on Twitter found that fake news stories were 70 percent more likely to be retweeted than true news stories.”（麻省理工学院最近一项关于推特上虚假信息传播的研究发现，假新闻比真实新闻被转发的可能性高出70%。）可知，这两项大学研究表明了高中生缺乏批判性地评估网上信息的能力，作者引用这两项研究是为了说明培养孩子们批判性思维的紧迫性，与文章主题呼应。故选D项。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Our children are not prepared for the change. My metaphor is that we need to inject every student with an initial dose of news literacy before they leave middle school. We need to build their immunities against this flood of false information and then continue to strengthen these lessons in high school.”（我们的孩子还没有为这种变化做好准备。我的比喻是，我们需要在每个学生离开中学之前给他们注入一剂新闻素养的初始剂量。我们需要建立他们对虚假信息洪流的免疫力，然后在高中继续加强这些课程。）可知，“My metaphor”上文提到孩子们没有为巨大的信息变革做好准备，下文提到我们需要建立他们对虚假信息的免疫力，所以“给他们注入一剂新闻素养的初始剂量”的意思是在孩子很小的时候培养他们的媒体素养。故选A项。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句“Rachel Kelsh, a social studies teacher from Hampton Bays High School on Long Island, is one of the teachers piloting Stony Brook’s program.”（Rachel Kelsh是长岛汉普顿湾高中的一名社会研究教师，也是Stony Brook项目的试点教师之一。）以及下文介绍的“Rachel Kelsh如何培养学生媒体素养”可知，第四段主要介绍Stony Brook的项目是如何运行的。故选A项。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The rise of the internet and social media has greatly expanded our access to information—and that includes false or misleading information. Thus, it’s vital to teach our children media literacy—the ability to critically evaluate information online.”（互联网和社交媒体的兴起极大地扩大了我们获取信息的渠道，其中包括虚假或误导性信息。因此，教育我们的孩子媒体素养是至关重要的——批判性地评估网上信息的能力。）以及最后一段“Media literacy is a key 21st century skill and its importance will only increase. Learning how to evaluate media is an increasingly important skill for our children.”（媒体素养是21世纪的一项关键技能，其重要性只会增加。学习如何评价媒体对我们的孩子来说是一项越来越重要的技能。）可知，文章主要为了说明培养孩子媒体素养的重要性和必要性。故选B项。
第二节(共 5 小题; 每小题 2.5 分, 满分 12.5 分。)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中 有两项为多余选项。
According to a common saying, “Honesty is the best policy.” ___31___ Lying often seems like a good way to impress people or avoid blame for mistakes. Some people lie out of habit, without even realizing they’re doing it. But despite all this, honesty really is worth the effort.
One obvious reason for honesty is that lies are difficult to maintain. There’s always a chance that the person you lied to will find out the truth. ___32___
Lies are also difficult to hide because they are harder to remember than the truth. If you make up a story, you have to remember all the details. ___33___ But if you commit to telling the truth, you will never have trouble remembering. This saves you effort and makes conversations less stressful for you.
Another obvious reason to avoid lying is that lying can harm others. People who believe your lies might make bad decisions because of them. And a lie about someone else could destroy that person’s reputation. On a personal level, if your friends find out you lied to them, their feeling will be hurt. They will question whether they can trust you or wonder whether you care about them. In contrast, if you always tell the truth, you will develop a reputation for honesty. ___34___ Business deals, friendships, family and romantic relationships all depend on trust
___35___ Sometimes it’s best to remain silent if your words might hurt someone else. Honesty means that when you speak, you tell the truth without holding any information back. When you do that, you will feel more relaxed and enjoy stronger relationships.
A. This will help you in every area of your life.
B. But in daily life, honesty can be difficult.
C. Is the gain from lying really worth the risk?
D. We will get others’ respect and appreciation if telling the truth0
E. Being honest is a basic principle for us to deal with others.
F. Honesty, however, doesn’t mean you have to say everything in your mind.
G. And the more lies you tell, the more stories you have to remember.
【答案】31. B 32. C 33. G 34. A 35. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章讲述了人们不要撒谎的原因，以及诚实的重要性。
【31题详解】
根据后文“Lying often seems like a good way to impress people or avoid blame for mistakes.(撒谎似乎是给人们留下深刻印象或避免错误指责的好方法。)”可知撒谎似乎是给人留下深刻印象或避免犯错的好方法。由此可知，日常生活中要保持诚实是难的事情。B选项“But in daily life, honesty can be difficult.(但在日常生活中，诚实可能很困难。)”引起下文，强调在现实生活中，诚实不是很容易能够做到的，与下文的付出努力呼应。故选B。
【32题详解】
根据前文“One obvious reason for honesty is that lies are difficult to maintain. There’s always a chance that the person you lied to will find out the truth.(诚实的一个明显原因是谎言很难维持。你撒谎的人总是有可能发现真相。)”可知，此处强调的是撒谎始终会被人发现，因此撒谎是有风险性的。C选项“Is the gain from lying really worth the risk?(撒谎获得的好处真的值得冒险吗？)”承接上文，强调这种益处值得冒险么？故选C。
【33题详解】
根据前文“Lies are also difficult to hide because they are harder to remember than the truth. If you make up a story, you have to remember all the details. (谎言也很难隐藏，因为它们比真相更难记住。如果你编造一个故事，你必须记住所有的细节。)”可知，此处强调谎言很难隐藏，编造一个故事，必须记住所有的细节，即撒谎越多就需要记住更多的细节。G选项“And the more lies you tell, the more stories you have to remember.(你说的谎言越多，你必须记住的故事就越多。)”承接上文，此处story与前文呼应。故选G。
【34题详解】
根据前文“In contrast, if you always tell the truth, you will develop a reputation for honesty.(相比之下，如果你总是说实话，你就会建立诚实的声誉。)”可知，此处强调说实话的好处。A选项“This will help you in every area of your life.(这将在你生活的每个领域帮助你。)”中的this指代的是前文的“说实话”，符合文意。故选A。
【35题详解】
根据后文“Sometimes it’s best to remain silent if your words might hurt someone else. (有时，如果你的话可能会伤害别人，最好保持沉默。)”可知，此处强调有的时候要保持沉默，即不说出自己想说的一切，因为这有可能对别人造成伤害。F选项“Honesty, however, doesn’t mean you have to say everything in your mind.(然而，诚实并不意味着你必须说出你脑海中的一切。)”引起下文，即诚实并意味着要说出你想的一切，有的时候要保持沉默，避免带来消极后果。故选F。
三、完形填空 (共 15 小题; 每小题 1 分, 满分 15 分。)
阅读短文， 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。
I’m a professor teaching people how to think more creatively. Interestingly, this lifetime passion was ____36____ by a casual contest when I was a child.
At a family picnic, children used to have the handkerchief-throwing contest, which I realize now, was not ____37____ to show any real skill, but simply for laughs. But it encouraged my love of thinking ____38____ the box.
The host gave each child a cloth handkerchief and told us the winner would be the one who threw it the farthest. The first little throwers took mighty (有力的，用力的) ____39____ , but the cloth opened and fell to the ground. So it annoyed me to see the kids throwing ____40____ when the handkerchief always opened. The secret was not to throw harder but to keep the cloth from ____41____ . Suppose I hid a rock in the cloth without tying it. The rock would drive the cloth at least farther than the others, and when it ____42____ , people might not notice a small rock ____43____ in the grass. I had a good chance of ____44____ with it, but I didn’t want to win by cheating. I had to make the handkerchief fly like a ____45____ . I began tying the handkerchief around itself to make it small. When I approached the line as the final contestant, people were already laughing. I took a long wind-up, and the balled handkerchief ____46____ off maybe 60 feet away. The laughing ____47____ suddenly. The host stared at me and then ran to ____48____ how I’d faked it. “It’s just the handkerchief,” he announced. The adults ____49____ and I felt proud.
This is how I learned the secret to creative thinking. I wanted to continue looking ____50____ what things seemed to be.
36. A. woken up B. taken up C. straightened up D. set up
37. A. considered B. scheduled C. meant D. announced
38. A. outside B. inside C. with D. without
39. A. put-ups B. set-ups C. wind-ups D. catch-ups
40. A. farther B. slower C. faster D. harder
41. A. opening B. flying C. disappearing D. floating
42 A. marched B. recovered C. combined D. separated
43. A. dotting B. landing C. shooting D. locating
44. A. getting away B. putting away C. switching on D. calling on
45. A. bird B. flash C. rock D. paper
46. A. ran B. rocketed C. boosted D. sent
47. A. overcame B. expanded C. faded D. died
48. A. search B. compare C. remind D. expose
49. A. accused B. reacted C. applauded D. complained
50. A. at B. beyond C. into D. around
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. D 41. A 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. D 48. D 49. C 50. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者借小时候的扔手帕比赛，向读者传达“突破常规，超越事物原来的样子，才能创新”的思想。
【36题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：有趣的是，这一辈子的激情是在我小时候被一场随意的比赛唤醒的。A. woken up醒来，唤醒；B. taken up开始从事；C. straightened up好转；D. set up建立。根据下文“But it encouraged my love of thinking 3 the box”和最后一段“This is how I learned the secret to creative thinking.”可知，作者的激情被唤醒了。故选A项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：以前在家庭野餐时，孩子们会进行扔手帕比赛，我现在才知道，这并不是为了展示什么真正的技能，而只是为了好玩。A. considered考虑；B. scheduled计划；C. meant打算，意味着；D. announced宣布。结合上文“family picnic”和下文“not 2 to show any real skill, but simply for laughs”可推知，家庭野餐是为了好玩，因此孩子们的扔手帕比赛并不是为了展示任何技能。be meant to do sth.意为“意在做某事”符合句意。故选C项。
【38题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：但这鼓励了我对于跳出常规思考的热爱。A. outside在外面；B. inside在里面；C. with有；D. without没有。根据最后一段“This is how I learned the secret to creative thinking.”可知，作者学会了创造性思维，跳出了常规的框架，think outside the box“创造性思考、打破常规”。故选A项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最初的小投掷者的动作非常有力，但手帕打开并掉到了地上。A. put-ups引体向上；B. set-ups组织，机构；C. wind-ups挥动手臂的动作；D. catch-ups急起直追。根据后文“but the cloth opened and fell to the ground.”可知，手帕并没有被扔得很远，此处与上文是转折关系，由此可知，小投掷者的挥动手臂的动作非常有力，但结果却不尽如人意。故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以看到孩子们更努力地扔，而手帕总是打开时，我很烦恼。A. farther更远地；B. slower更慢地；C. faster更快地；D. harder更难地，更努力地。根据下文“The secret was not to throw harder but to keep the cloth from 6 . ”可知，孩子们扔手帕更努力。故选D项。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：秘诀不是扔得更努力，而是防止手帕打开。A. opening开；B. flying飞；C. disappearing消失；D. floating飘。根据上文“when the handkerchief always opened.”可知，要防止手帕打开，才能扔得更远。故选A项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：石头至少会把手帕推得比其他手帕更远，当它们分开时，人们可能不会注意到一块小石头落在草地上。A. marched行进；B. recovered恢复；C. combined合并；D. separated分离、分开。根据上文“Suppose I hid a rock in the cloth without tying it.”可知，一开始把石头和手帕裹在一起，不用系在一起，扔出之后它们分开，石头落到地上。故选D项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：石头至少会把手帕推得比其他手帕更远，当它们分开时，人们可能不会注意到一块小石头落在草地上。A. dotting打点；B. landing着陆，降落；C. shooting射击；D. locating定位。根据上文“I hid a rock in the cloth without tying it.”可知，此处是指手帕散开，石头落到草地上。故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我本来很有可能侥幸逃脱，但我不想通过作弊取胜。A. getting away脱身、逃掉；B. putting away放弃；C. switching on打开；D. calling on号召。根据前文“people might not notice a small rock landing in the grass.”可知，人们不会注意，因此作者有机会侥幸逃脱作弊行为。get away with“侥幸逃脱”。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我必须让手帕像石头一样飞起来。A. bird鸟；B. flash闪光；C. rock石头；D. paper纸。根据上文“The rock would drive the cloth at least farther than the others”和“but I didn’t want to win by cheating.”可知，作者想在不用石头的基础上让手帕像石头一样飞起来。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我做了个大大的挥动手臂的动作，手帕团像火箭一样飞出了大约60英尺远。A. ran跑；B. rocketed飞快的移动；C. boosted推进；D. sent发送。根据上文“I had to make the handkerchief fly like a rock.”可知，球状手帕能让手帕像石头一样飞快地移动。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：笑声突然消失了。A. overcame克服；B. expanded扩大；C. faded褪色；D. died死亡，消失。根据上文“When I approached the line as the final contestant, people were already laughing.”和下文“The host stared at me and then ran to 13 how I’d cheated.”可知，一开始人们并不看好且嘲笑作者，后来作者真的让手帕飞起来，笑声消失，盯着作者。故选D项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：主持人盯着我看，然后跑去揭露我是如何作弊的。A. search搜索；B. compare比较；C. remind提醒；D. expose揭露。根据句中“how I’d faked it.”和下文“‘It’s just the handkerchief’, he declared.”可推知，主持人一开始不相信，想要去揭露真相。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大人们鼓掌，我感到很自豪。A. accused指控；B. reacted反应；C. applauded鼓掌，称赞；D. complained抱怨。根据下文“I felt proud.”可知，有人鼓掌，作者感到骄傲。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我想继续超越事物的表象。A. at在……；B. beyond超越；C. into进入；D. around围绕。根据第一段中“I’m a professor teaching people how to think more creatively. ”和上文“This is how I learned the secret to creative thinking.”可推知，作者擅长创造性思维，所以他看事情要打破常规，超越事物的表象。故选B项。
II 卷(共 55 分)
四、语法填空 (共 10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分, 满分 15 分。)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lu Xun, who ____51____ (acknowledge) as one of the greatest modern writers in China, was born in Zhejiang Province in 1881. In 1904, he went to Japan and became a medical student, ____52____ (aim) to improve people’s health and save lives. Nevertheless, he saw a Chinese man about to be killed by a Japanese soldier in a photo, ____53____ changed his intention. ____54____ struck him was that the other Chinese men in the photo apparently did not care about what was happening to their fellow countrymen. From this, he concluded that the spiritual illness ofpeople at that time was a ____55____ (crucial) problem in China than physical illness. Lu had an appetite ____56____ the power to change the present situation of China. ____57____ (consequence), he quit medical school. He returned to China in 1908 and obtained a teaching job, hoping to promote the ____58____ (innovate) of society. In 1917, a friend insisted that he help write for a magazine ____59____ (name) New Youth. That was how ____60____ (he) first famous short story A Madman’s Diary got published.
【答案】51. is acknowledged
52. aiming 53. which
54. What 55. more crucial
56. for 57. Consequently
58. innovation
59. named 60. his
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了鲁迅先生为什么弃医从文，以及他的第一部著名短篇小说的诞生。
【51题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：鲁迅，被公认为中国最伟大的现代作家之一，1881年出生于浙江省。结合句意可知，此处在讲述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，主语who指代先行词Lu Xun，与动词acknowledge之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。故填is acknowledged。
【52题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1904年，他去了日本，成为一名医科学生，致力于改善人们的健康和拯救生命。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，student与aim之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填aiming。
【53题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：然而，他在一张照片中看到一名中国男子即将被一名日本士兵杀害，这改变了他的意图。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面一句话，在从句中作主语。故填which。
【54题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：令他震惊的是，照片中的其他中国人显然并不关心他们同胞的遭遇。分析句子可知，此处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“令他震惊的事情”，故用what来引导主语从句，置于句首，首字母大写。故填What。
【55题详解】
考查形容词。句意：由此，他得出结论，在中国，当时人们的精神疾病比身体疾病更为严重。结合句意和than可知，此处用比较级表示“更严重”。故填more crucial。
【56题详解】
考查介词。句意：鲁迅渴望拥有改变中国现状的力量。have an appetite for表示“渴望...”符合句意，故填for。
【57题详解】
考查副词。句意：因此，他退出了医学院。分析句子可知，此处用副词作状语修饰句子，表示“因此”，置于句首，首字母大写，故填Consequently。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：他于1908年回到中国并获得了一份教学工作，希望促进社会的创新。分析句子可知，此处作动词promote的宾语，且空前有the，故用名词作宾语，故填innovation。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1917年，一位朋友坚持要他帮忙为一本名为《新青年》的杂志写作。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，magazine与name之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，故填named。
【60题详解】
考查代词。句意：他的第一部著名短篇小说《狂人日记》就是这样出版的。分析句子可知，此处用形容词性物主代词修饰名词story，故填his。
五、基础知识检测：选择性必修一 Unit 3-5，选择性必修二 Unit 1 词汇检测
A. 单词 (共 15 小题; 每小题 1 分, 满分 15 分。)
61-65 根据括号内的英语解释和首字母填入指定四个单元所学单词的正确形式， 填入答题卡时需写出完整单词。
61. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, unless a________ (to travel or go somewhere with sb) by an adult. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】accompanied##ccompanied
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和状语从句的省略。句意：校规规定，除非有成年人陪同，否则任何孩子白天都不允许离开学校。根据句意和英文提示可知，应使用动词accompany，作条件状语从句中谓语动词。又因unless引导的条件状语补充完整应为“unless the child is accompanied by an adult.”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略主语和be动词后，保留过去分词accompanied。故填accompanied。
62. He’s colour-blind and can’t d________ (to notice or understand the difference between two things) the difference between red and green easily. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】distinguish##istinguish
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他是色盲，不能轻易区分红色和绿色。根据句意和英文提示可知，应使用动词distinguish，作谓语动词，意为“区别，分清”，在情态动词后用原形。故填distinguish。
63. He started feeling upset and was c________ (being completely sure about sth) that his boss was going to fire him. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】convinced##onvinced
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他开始感到心烦意乱，确信老板要解雇他。结合句意和英文提示可知，应使用形容词convinced作表语，构成固定搭配be convinced that...“确信……”。故填convinced。
64. Autosuggestive techniques can help in the treatment of diseases which cannot be cured by c________ (being traditional and ordinary) medicine. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】conventional##onventional
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：自我暗示技术可以帮助治疗传统医学无法治愈的疾病。根据括号内释义traditional and ordinary(传统和普通)。可知应该填一个表示“传统习俗的”的词。空后是名词medicine，应该用来形容修饰，指的是“传统医学”，conventional表示“常见的、传统习俗的”，符合题意。故填conventional。
65. Driving a car is not just judging distance and h________ (to operate; to deal with) controls. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】handling##andling
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：驾驶汽车不仅仅是判断距离和操纵控制。分析句子结构，根据句中的and可知，空处应和空前的judging并列，故用动名词作表语，再根据所给英文提示和所给首字母，应是handle意为“处理，操纵”。故填handling。
66-70 根据括号内的单词填入该词的正确形式。
66. There’s not much in the way of ________ (entertain) in this town — just the cinema and a couple of pubs. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】entertainment
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个城镇没多少娱乐方式 —— 也就是这家影院和几家酒馆。介词of后用名词entertainment作宾语，意为“娱乐”。故填entertainment。
67. Although they said nothing, she could sense their ________ (approve) of her suggestion from their serious facial expression. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】disapproval
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：虽然他们什么也没说，但她能从他们严肃的面部表情中感觉到他们不赞成她的建议。分析句子可知，提示词在句中作宾语， 应用名词形式，结合句中“Although they said nothing”和“their serious facial expression”可推知，他们不赞成她的建议，所以应用提示词同根名词approval的反义词disapproval，意为“不赞同，反对”，抽象名词不可数。故填disapproval。
68. Those suffering from ________ (infect) diseases were separated from the other patients. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】 infectious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：那些患有传染病的人与其他病人分开了。设空处在句中修饰后面的名词diseases，作定语，应用形容词；结合句意及提示词可知，此处应用infectious，表示“传染的；有传染性的”。故填infectious。
69. It’s ________ (embarrass) to be caught telling a lie. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】embarrassing
【解析】
【详解】考查-ing形容词。句意：说谎被发现是很尴尬的。分析句子可知，It是形式主语，真正的主语是“to be caught telling a lie”这种行为，提示词作表语，表明主语的性质，应用-ing形容词embarrassing，意为“使人尴尬的，使人难堪的”。故填embarrassing。
70. These calculations are based on the______(assume) that prices will continue to rise. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】assumption
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这些计算是基于价格将继续上涨的假设。空处作宾语，应用名词assumption，此处为特指应用单数形式。故填assumption。
71-75 根据括号内的中文填入指定四个单元所学单词的正确形式。
71. He has a collection of ________ (稀少的；珍贵的) insect specimens (样品). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】rare
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他收集了很多稀有昆虫的标本。 根据句意和汉语提示应填形容词rare“稀少的；珍贵的”作定语，故填rare。
72. Since reindeer were always on the move, the Sami would pick up their tents and ________（陪伴）them. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】accompany
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：由于驯鹿是在移动，萨米人会收拾他们的帐篷，陪着他们。would后接动词原形 pick up 和“ 陪伴”， 陪伴为“ accompany”。故填accompany。
73. In Los Angeles many companies encourage their employees to use ________ (可供替代的) means of transportation rather than the car. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】alternative
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在洛杉矶，许多公司鼓励员工使用替代交通工具，而不是开车。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词use，空后是名词means，所以空处应填形容词做定语，根据所给中文提示词，应是alternative意为“可供替代的”。故填alternative。
74. Politicians are skilled at ________ (辩解) themselves against their critics. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】defending
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：政客们善于在批评者面前为自己辩护。“辩解”是defend，at是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，因此空格处是defending，故填defending。
75. This debate is becoming too ________ (抽象的) — let’s have some hard facts! (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】abstract
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：场辩论变得太抽象了——让我们来看看确凿的事实吧！根据句意和汉语提示可知，应使用形容词abstract，作表语，意为“抽象的，不切实际的”。故填abstract。
B. 词块 (共 10 小题; 每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分。)
根据给出的中文句子意思填入指定四个单元所学词块，并用其正确形式完成句子。
76. Such music managed to ________ ________ the tastes of both young and old. 这种音乐成功吸引了年轻人和老年人。
【答案】 ①. appeal ②. to
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和短语。根据中英文提示可知，空处缺少appeal to“吸引”，manage to do sth.“成功做某事”，用不定式作宾语，故填appeal to。
77. The mobile library services have been reorganized —________ ________ ________, they visit fewer places.
流动图书馆服务重新作了安排——换句话说，他们去的地方减少了。
【答案】 ①. in ②. other ③. words
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。“换句话说”用介词短语in other words表示，在句中作插入语。故填①in；②other；③words。
78. Theory is based on practice and ________ ________ serves practice. 理论的基础是实践，反过来理论又为实践服务。
【答案】 ①. in ②. turn
【解析】
【详解】考查副词短语。“反过”用副词短语in turn表示，作方式状语。故填①in；②turn。
79. The report revealed that the driver’s carelessness ________ ________ ________ ________ the accident.
报告披露司机的粗心大意是这次事故的罪魁祸首。
【答案】 ①. was ②. to ③. blame ④. for
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。分析可知，设空处意思是罪魁祸首，也就是对……应付责任，be to blame for，意为“对……应付责任”，根据主句可知应用一般过去时，故填was；to；blame；for。
80. When the war ________ ________ in 1939, he returned to England and joined up.
1939 年战争爆发之后，他回到英格兰参军了。
【答案】 ①. broke ②. out
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的时态。表示“（战争）爆发”应用动词短语break out。根据句中时间状语“in 1939”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填broke out。
81. Could I speak to whoever is ________ ________ ________ International sales? 我能同国际销售部的负责人谈谈吗?
【答案】 ①. in ②. charge ③. of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。表示“负责……”应用介词短语in charge of或动词短语take charge of；根据空格前的is可知，此处应用介词短语in charge of。故答案为in charge of。
82. ________ ________ ________ 80% of all conversation in English is small talk. 据估计，英语中 80%的谈话都是闲谈。
【答案】 ①. It’s ②. estimated ③. that
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。根据所给中文提示词和英文翻译，可知，需翻译部分为“据估计”，在英语中“据估计”为固定句型：it is estimated that...。又因为只有三个空，所以it is简写为it’s，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填①It’s；②estimated；③that。
83. The group ________ ________ ________ two guitarists, a drummer, and a singer, and they are very popular with the youth.
该乐团由两名吉他手、一名鼓手和一名主唱组成, 他们很受年轻人的欢迎。
【答案】 ①. is ②. comprised
③. of

【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和主谓一致。分析所给中文提示词，和英文翻译，可知需翻译部分为“由……组成”，在英语中为固定搭配，为be comprised of，主语是the group，为第三人称单数，所以be动词用is。故填①is；②comprised ；③of。
84. You will ________ ________ if you take on more work than you can.
如果你承担超出你力所能及的工作，身体会垮掉的。
【答案】 ①. break ②. down
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。表示“身体垮掉”应用动词短语break down。根据空格前的情态动词“will”可知，此处应用动词原形构成一般将来时态。故填break down。
85. All scientists ________ ________ the view raised their hands to show agreement with the policy.
赞成这一观点的所有科学家都举手表示对这个政策的赞同。
【答案】 ①. subscribing
②. to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词组和非谓语动词。根据所给中文提示词，和英文翻译可知，需翻译部分为“赞成”，设空为两个空，所以应是subscribe to，又因为本句已有谓语动词raised，所以subscribe应用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是scientists，为主动关系，所以应该用现在分词作后置定语。故填：①subscribing；②to。
六、书面表达 (满分 15 分。)
86. 假定你是李华，你从星海音乐厅微信公众号上得知一场经典动漫作品音乐会近期将在星海音乐厅举行，其中 20 张演出票将免费派送给广大动漫爱好者，但需要申请者写信竞票。请你给主办单位写一封信，内容包括：
1.你订阅了该公众号并得知赠票信息;
2.表达你对动漫的热爱，以及你对该音乐会的期待;
3.赠票寄送地址：广州市新民路 179 号
参考词汇：微信公众号：WeChat official account;动漫：animation 写作要求：
1. 词数 120 左右;
2. 可适当添加信息，使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
By subscribing to your official account, I was overwhelmed with great joy to learn about the free ticket information. And I’m writing about the competition for free tickets to the classical animation musical advertised on your account.
Here’s why I should win. I’m an 18-year-old student, who’s loved the animation story since I was 4. Over those years, I’ve collected and read over 20 different book versions of it, seen all the movies and twice attended play performances. So you can imagine how excited I was to hear the musical is coming to town. I’ve read that it’s an incredible show with wonderful songs, amazing costumes and spectacular sets.
Thanks for organizing the competition and I hope I’m one of the lucky winners. If I am, my ticket can be sent to 179 Xinnin Road Guang zhou.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给星海音乐厅负责人写信竞票，想要免费获得一场经典动漫作品音乐会的演出票。内容包括：
1.你订阅了该公众号并得知赠票信息;
2.表达你对动漫的热爱，以及你对该音乐会的期待;
3.赠票寄送地址：广州市新民路 179 号
【详解】1.词汇积累
喜悦：joy→delight
喜欢：love→be fond of
精彩的：incredible→wonderful
幸运的：lucky→fortunate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：And I’m writing about the competition for free tickets to the classical animation musical advertised on your account
拓展句：And I’m writing about the competition for free tickets to the classical animation musical which was advertised on your account.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m an 18-year-old student, who’s loved the animation story since I was 4.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】So you can imagine how excited I was to hear the musical is coming to town.（运用了how引导宾语从句）