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(新高考)高考英语一轮复习教案选择性必修四 Unit 1 Science Fiction(含答案)
展开UNIT 1 Science Fiction
三言 | 两语 |
1. It was last night that he had a dream that he flew to the moon in a spaceship. 2. I suggest that you should buy a robot to help you do the housework. 3. It is important that everyone should learn to get along well with others in a new environment. | 1. 环顾四周，我看到我的实验室和以前一样。 Looking_around,I saw my laboratory exactly as before. 2. 有时我觉得自己像在做一项伟大的事业。 Sometimes I feel as_if_I_were_doing a great career. |
核 心 单 词 | [默写识记]根据汉语释义写出单词 1. salary n. 薪水；薪金 2. guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的；有过失的 3. dismiss vt. 让 (某人) 离开；解散；解雇；消除 4. labour n. 劳动(者)；体力劳动 vi. 奋斗；努力工作 5. backwards adv. 向后；倒着；往回 6. fetch vt. (去)拿来；(去)请来 7. whereas conj. 然而；但是；尽管 8. presume vt. & vi. 假设；假定 9. superior adj. 更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的 10. pace n. 速度；步伐；节奏 vt. & vi. 确定速度；调整节奏 11. fiction n. 小说；虚构的事 12. absurd adj. 荒谬的；荒唐的 13. rumour n. 谣言；传闻 14. suspend vt. 悬；挂；暂停；暂缓 15. grip vt. & vi. 紧握；抓紧 |
[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空 1. We laboured (labour) all day in the fields so we felt tired and didn't want to do anything. 2. The villagers used to walk a mile to_fetch (fetch) water but now they can get clean water easily. 3. The committee has decided to_dismiss (dismiss) him for he lacks confidence. 4. In a court of law, the accused person is presumed (presume) innocent at the start. 5. He told me that he felt guilty (guilt) about not visiting his parents more often. |
续表
拓 展 单 词 | [词汇变形]根据汉语释义写出单词及其变化形式 1. declare vt. 表明；宣称；公布→declaration n. 宣告；宣称；宣言 2. weekly adj. 每周的 n．周刊→week n. 周；星期 3. appointment n. 预约；约会；委任→appoint vt. 任命；委派；约定时间 4. calculate vt. 计算；核算；预测→calculation n. 计算→calculator n. 计算器 5. blurred adj. 模糊不清的；难以区分的→blur n. 模糊不清的事物；模糊的记忆；记不清的事情 v. (使)模糊不清；(使)看不清楚；(使)(想法、主题等)难以区分；模糊 6. division n. 分开；分隔；差异；除(法)→divide vt. 分开；除；除以 7. urge n. 强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→urgent adj. 急迫的→urgency n. 紧急，紧迫→urgently adv. 紧急地；急切地 8. random adj. 随机的；不可思议的→randomly adv. 随机；随意 9. explode vi. & vt. 爆炸；爆破→explosion n. 爆炸；爆破 |
[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空 1. The people in the colonies declared that they would form their own state and finally signed a declaration of independence. (declare) 2. He was appointed as manager of the company and the mayor would have an appointment with him the next day. (appoint) 3. She calculated the total number using the calculator and it took her two hours to complete the calculation. (calculate) 4. She divided the apples among the kids and the division was quite fair. (divide) 5. Realising there was an urgent need for food, water and medicine in the disaster area and the urgency of making everything return to normal, the government took measures immediately to deal with the serious situation. (urge) 6. A bomb exploded in the centre of the city and the explosion killed more than 100 people. (explode) | |
阅 读 单 词 | 【教师用书独具】 1. bonus n. 意外收获；奖金；红利 2. integrity n. 诚实正直；完整；完好 3. dignity n. 庄重；庄严；尊严 4. ridiculous adj. 愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的 5. ladder n. 梯子；阶梯 6. fare n. 车费；船费；飞机票价 7. gramme n. 克_(重量单位) 8. flour n. 面粉；(谷物磨成的)_粉 9. venue n. 活动场地_(如音乐厅、会场等) 10. lamp n. 灯；台灯 11. nail n. 指甲；趾甲；钉子 vt. (用钉子)钉牢；固定 12. leather n. 皮革；[pl.]皮衣；皮外套 13. maximum adj. 最大极限的 n. 最大量；最大限度 14. alien n. 外星人_(生物)；外国人 adj. 陌生的；外星的；外国的 15. niece n. 侄女；外甥女 16. saleswoman n. 女售货员；女推销员 17. salesman n. 售货员；推销员 18. panel n. 控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组 19. inch n. 英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米) 20. handkerchief n. 手帕；纸巾 21. mud n. 泥；泥浆 22. chairwoman n. 女主席；女董事长；女委员长 |
熟 词 生 义 | 1. (2020·天津卷) Together, these deep human urges count for much more than ambition. 驱策力 2. We shouldn't dismiss these ideas just because they are unfamiliar. 不予考虑 3. Do you fear that you'll burst into tears or explode with anger in front of her？大发雷霆 |
高频短语 | 短语应用 |
1. more_like 更像是；更接近 2. due_to 由于 3. turn_out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是 4. take_over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手 5. in_one's_opinion 在某人看来 6. have_an_urge_to 有强烈的欲望做某事 7. remind_sb._of_sth. 提醒某人某事；使某人想起某物 8. test_out 检验；测试 9. turn_around 转身 10. on_a_..._basis 根据；以……的方式(基准) 11. conflict_with 与……冲突或抵触 12. superior_to 比……更好；更胜一筹 13. fall_away (逐渐)减少；消失 | [语境运用1]填入一个适当的词 1. I heard my name called and turned around to see who it was. 2. The picture on the wall often reminds me of my childhood. 3. His work is to test out new designs of cars before they are put on the market. [语境运用2]填入一个适当的词 Tom took 1. over his father's company ten years ago. He often encouraged the workers to come up with good ideas to help him manage the company. Due 2. to his wisdom and hard work, the company turned 3. out to be more successful. 4. In his opinion, nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it. |
教材原句背诵 | 句式仿写应用 |
1. It ＋ be ＋ adj.＋ that从句 Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot ... | 他不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项任务。 It_is_impossible_that he can finish the task in such a short time. |
2. there引起的完全倒装句式 As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern. | 教学楼前矗立着一棵大树。 There_stands a tall tree in front of the teaching building. |
3. as if 引导状语从句或表语从句 The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky, but soon there was division between night and day. | 这位老年人走路好像醉了似的。 The old man walks as_if_he_were_drunk. |
1. guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的；有过失的
(1)be/feel guilty about/at对……感到内疚
be guilty of (doing) sth. 犯了……罪；有……过错
(2)guilt n. 内疚；罪行
单句语法填空
①She feels guilty about/at spending less time lately with her two kids.
②A 19yearold man has been found guilty of robbing a bank, which surprises us.
③Her emotions had ranged from anger to guilt (guilty) in the space of a few seconds.
一句多译
我深感内疚，因为我说了一些伤害你的话。
④I feel_really_guilty because I said some words that hurt you. (guilty adj.)
⑤I have_the_feelings_of_great_guilt because I said some words that hurt you. (guilt n．)
2. dismiss vt. 让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除；不考虑
(1)dismiss sb./sth. 不考虑某人/某事物
dismiss sth. from sth. 从……消除/去除……
dismiss sb. from sth. 把某人从……解雇/开除
(2)dismissal n. 解散；遣散；解雇；不予理会；不予考虑
[词块]
be dismissed from one's post 某人被免职
dismiss her fears about the exam消除她对考试的恐惧心理
dismiss his view on the matter 不考虑他对此事的意见
写出下列句子中dismiss的含义
①He threatened to dismiss me from my job. 解雇
②He was so stubborn and dismissed other people's opinion. 不考虑
③At 12 o'clock the class was dismissed. 解散，下课
词汇升级
(普通表达) The meeting was over after they reached an agreement on the issue.
④(高级表达) The meeting was dismissed after they reached an agreement on the issue.
3. urge n. 强烈的欲望；冲动 vt. 催促；力劝；大力推荐
(1)have an urge to有强烈的欲望做某事
(2)urge sb. to do sth./into doing sth. 催促某人做某事
urge that sb. (should) do sth. 要求某人做某事
It is urged that ... (should) do sth. 坚决要求……做某事
(3)urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的
(4)urgently adv. 紧急地；急迫地；迫切地
(5)urgency n. 急迫；紧急
urge后面的名词性从句中谓语动词要用“should＋动词原形”的形式表示虚拟，其中should可以省略。
[词块]
urge them to take action at once 敦促他们立即采取行动
a problem that requires urgent attention 需要紧急处理的问题
单句语法填空
①I urge my colleagues to_join (join) me in support of this plan.
②I urge that everyone (should)_save(save) energy to protect the earth.
③It's an urgent (urge) task and must be completed at once.
一句多译
人们极力主张图书馆周末也开放。
④People strongly_urge_that_the_library_(should)_be_kept_open during the weekend. (urge that ...)
⑤It_is_strongly_urged_that the library (should)_be_kept_open during the weekend. (It is urged that ...)
4. declare vt. 表明；宣称，公布
declare sth./sb. to be 宣布……为……
declare war (on/against ...)(向……) 宣战
declare for/against 赞成/反对……
[词块]
declare the ceremony open/closed 宣布仪式开始/结束
单句语法填空
①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared (declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36yearold business.
②The opening of the 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup was_declared (declare) on August 31, 2019 in Beijing.
③In September 1939, Britain declared war on/against Germany after Germany invaded Poland.
完成句子
当主席正准备宣布大会开幕时，这时突然停电了。
④The chairman was_about_to_declare_the_conference_open_when there was a power failure.
当老师宣布我是这次英语演讲比赛的获胜者时，我又惊又喜。
⑤When the teacher declared_me_(to_be)_the_winner of the English Speech Contest, I was pleased and surprised.
5. take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
take off起飞；脱下；大获成功
take on呈现；雇用；承担；接受
take in包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留
take up占用；占据；开始从事
[词块]
take over the company接管公司
take on a new look呈现新面貌
take up painting after retirement 退休后开始学绘画
单句语法填空
①(2020·江苏卷)Taking on this challenge will bring you in contact with someone who shares your interests.
②You can watch aircraft take off or land at close quarters.
③The kind old lady offered to take in the poor homeless stranger.
④He did not particularly want to take up a competitive sport.
⑤A new person has been appointed to take over his work.
完成句子
他刚刚接任这家跨国公司的总裁。
⑥He _has_just_taken_over as chief executive of the transnational company.
6. 地点副词位于句首时引起的完全倒装句式
(教材原文) As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern. 她刚一转过身，就看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那儿。
(1)完全倒装句：“特殊词或短语”＋谓语动词＋主语(代词除外)十其他
(2)位于句首的“特殊词或短语”必须是：
①地点副词(here，there)、时间副词(now，then)或表示位移的副词(up，down，in，away，out)等；
②介词短语(in the front of等)；
③作表语的分词或形容词。
[金句](2020·全国卷Ⅱ)When we arrived at the farm, there are all kinds of animals, green fresh vegetables and fruit trees in the farm. 当我们到达农场时，农场里有各种各样的动物、绿色新鲜蔬菜和果树。
单句语法填空
①There goes (go) the bell for class. We must go now.
②Out rushed (rush) the boy, crying.
③Present at the meeting yesterday were(be) some famous figures.
句式升级
(普通表达)A man known by the name of Tom lived there.
④(高级表达)There_lived a man known by the name of Tom. (完全倒装)
(普通表达)A young woman sat by the window with a book in her hand.
⑤(高级表达)By_the_window_sat a young woman with a book in her hand. (完全倒装)
用所给词的正确形式填空
1. Having_been_dismissed (dismiss) from his post for his carelessness, he has been looking for a job.
2. The report urged that all children (should)be_taught (teach) how to swim.
3. It is_reported (report) that more than ten people have been seriously injured in the accident.
4. The divisions (divide) between the various classes of society are not so sharply marked as they used to be.
5. There stands (stand) an old temple on the top of the hill.
在空白处填入一个适当的词
1. Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own.
2. The party held last Friday turned out to be very successful.
3. Peter will take over as managing director when Bill retires.
4. I'd like to make an appointment with Mr Wang, the manager.
5. This hotel reminds me of the one we stayed in last year.
查缺补漏
1. The court declared that the man charged with murder should_be_set (set) free.
2. We received several answers, and we picked one randomly (random)．
3. The city of Elizabeth, a major shipping and manufacturing centre, lies(lie) in the eastern part of New Jersey.
4. Can you tell me where it was that you picked up the wallet?
5. The child talked to us as if he were (be) a grownup.
【教师用书独具】
单元话题语篇练
A robot, 1. designed_ (design) by the Georgia Institute of Technology, has used deep learning, artificial intelligence and big data to write and play its own music. The robot, called Shimon, 2. looks (look)a little strange. It has four arms and eight sticks. Shimon can not only use artificial intelligence to compose music, but perform its original compositions live. To achieve the 3. impressive (impress) skill, scientists gave the robot 5,000 complete songs, 4. which covered a broad range, from Beethoven to the Beatles to Lady Gaga to Miles Davis.
The robot has produced two compositions 5. using (use) a marimba (马林巴琴). They are short but they meet everyday classifications of “music”. Apart 6. from giving the machine the first four measures to use as a starting point, no humans were involved in either the compositions 7. or the performance of the music.
It has taken seven years 8. to_complete (complete) the two compositions. However, the pace of composing 9. is_expected (expect) to increase.
This isn't just a robot randomly putting together existing music and calling it its own. Shimon is learning to think like a 10. musician (music), composing its own melodies (曲调)．
单元话题写作练
1. 补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇)
①我的父母在一家科技公司工作。
My parents worked_in a science and technology company.
②他们把新研究的机器人带到了家中进行测试。
They took a newlycreated robot into our home to test_it_out.
③这个机器人是一个英俊的小伙子，名叫杰里。
It was a_handsome_guy named Jerry.
④他的诚实正直给我留下了深刻的印象。
His integrity left a deep impression on me.
⑤他非常体贴，全心全意地关心我，就好像我的哥哥一样。
He was considerate and cared for me heart and soul as_if he were my brother.
⑥一次，由于相信了一个谣言，我勃然大怒，和一位同班同学发生了冲突。
Once, because I believed in a rumour, I exploded with_anger and conflicted_with a classmate.
⑦他说我这样做是很荒唐的。
He said it was ridiculous to do this.
⑧他由衷地希望我和同班同学友好相处。
He sincerely hoped that I should get_along_well_with my classmates.
⑨听了他的话，我感到很内疚。
When I heard his words, I felt guilty.
⑩杰里成了我最好的朋友，我力劝父母不要把他带走。
Jerry became my best friend and I urged my parents not_to_take him away.
2. 升级平淡句
(1)用非限制性定语从句合并1中句①和句②
My parents, who worked in a science and technology company, took a newlycreated robot into our home to test it out.
(2)用强调句型升级1中句④
It was his integrity that left a deep impression on me.
(3)用非谓语动词升级1中句⑥
Once, believing in a rumour, I exploded with anger and conflicted with a classmate.
(4)用非谓语动词升级1中句⑨
Hearing his words, I felt guilty.
3. 衔接成文
My parents, who worked in a science and technology company, took a newlycreated robot into our home to test it out.
It was a handsome guy named Jerry. It was his integrity that left a deep impression on me. Besides, he was considerate and cared for me heart and soul as if he were my brother.
Once, believing in a rumour, I exploded with anger and conflicted with a classmate. He said it was ridiculous to do this. And he sincerely hoped that I should get along well with my classmates. Hearing his words, I felt guilty.
Jerry became my best friend and I urged my parents not to take him away.
