高考英语 熟词生义 课件
展开Her sketches (速写) f Chinese breakfast make netizens’ muth water.
Using clred pencils and waterclrs, Xu Yaxin, a decratin art and design student, has made the lcal snacks cme t life n paper.
如何去推测熟词生义呢?
①应用联想,结合上下文语境推断。②应用联想,结合词性变化推断。
Review: translate the underlined parts
Will Chinese English develp its wn identity? Only time will tell.(B1U2)2. Fresh water was taken t the city by train, truck and plane. Slwly the city began t breathe again. (B1U4)3. Mandela taught us during the lunch breaks. (B1U5)4. She sunded her hrn ludly until the lin turned and walked away. (B2U4)
t answer the questin
t cme t life
a shrt time f rest
t make a sund 吹响(号角)
5. Wang Peng fllwed Li Chang int a small new restaurant. Curisity drve him inside.(B3U2)6. Li Fang was heart-brken and wuld drwn his sadness in cffee.(B3U1)7. Mark Twain is best knwn fr his nvels set in his byhd wrld n the river. (B3U3)8. Jan f Arc was caught and put t death by the English. (B4U1)
t cause him t g inside 驱使
t cver his sadness by cffee 借咖啡浇愁
t put the backgrunds f his nvels in his byhd以…为背景
t be sentenced t death
9. Yuan Lngping cnsider himself a farmer fr he wrks the land t d his research. (B4U2)10. Gerge reached his hand ut t the Japanese student. (B4U4)11. Disneyland has many exciting rides, frm giant swinging ships t terrifying free-fall drps. (B4U5)12. If driving, Futurscpe is within easy reach f the free way. (B4U5)
t farm (the land)
t hld his hand ut
recreatinal facilities yu can take a ride n游乐设施
easy t reach; clse t
13. He thught he wuld make a new career caching yung ftball players. (B5U1)14. I knw yu’re dying t hear all abut my life here, s I’ve included sme phts which will help yu picture the places I talk abut.(B7U4)15. Pressed by my friends and relatins, I decided t send my inventin t the patent ffice(专利局).(B8U3)16. Suddenly he had a flash f inspiratin. (B8U3)
t be a cach;instruct 训练、指导
t frm a vivid picture f the places in yur mind; imagine
t try hard t persuade
①词性不变,结合上下文语境联想推断Only time will tell:只有时间能回答(前面提出的问题)the city breathe again:(根据前文)城市恢复了生机Curisity drve him inside:好奇心驱使他走了进去drwn his sadness in cffee:借咖啡浇愁set in:put sth in → put the backgrunds f ne’s nvels in 以……为背景put t death:(根据上文be caught)处以死刑wrk the land: (根据上文farmer)耕种土地reach ne’s hand ut: 伸出手pressed by my friends and relatins:在亲朋好友的极力敦促下(press物理施压→精神施压) a flash f inspiratin:灵感闪现
②词性变化,结合原词意和上下文语境联想推断名词变动词:sund(n. 声音 → v.使发出声音,例如吹响号角、拉响警报等等)cach(n. 教练 → v.成为教练指导、培训…)picture(n. 图像、图画 → v. 在脑海中形成画面、想象) 动词变名词:rides(v.乘坐 → n.游乐园中供游客乘坐的游乐设施)breaks(v.打断、中断 → n.中断工作或日常活动的休息时间)within easy reach:v.(很容易)到达 → n. 距离很近
Crwds f peple jammed airprts, railway statins and lng-distance bus hubs at the start f the six-day Lunar New Year hliday.
Q: What’s the meaning f “jam”?A. t wait in frnt f smeplaceB. t fill smething r smeplace
词性变化:traffic jam交通堵塞 → 填满;堵塞
Pennsylvania-based fd cmpany Murry’s Inc. recalled(召回)n Saturday mre than 31,000 punds f chicken prducts that were shipped t retail (零售) stres natinwide.
Q: What’s the meaning f “ship”?A. a large bat used fr carrying peple r gds acrss the sea B. t send gds smewhere by ship, plane, truck, etc
词性变化:ship 船(运输工具) → 运输
The Rsicrucian Egyptian Museum huses the largest cllectin f Egyptian artifacts (石器) n exhibit in western Nrth America.
Q: What’s the meaning f “huse” ? t give smene a place t live a place t live inC. t prvide place t keep smething
词性变化+语境:huse 房子 → 给人提供住处 → 收藏;保存(给物提供空间)
As refugees(难民) fld in, Germany struggles t huse them.
Q: What’s the meaning f “fld” ?t g r arrive in large numbersB. t be cvered with water
语境: 洪水泛滥,发大水 →(像洪水一样)大量涌入
Accrding t a study, lng phne cnversatins can bridge the physical distance fr female friendships.
Q: What’s the meaning f “bridge” ? a structure built ver a river/rad B. t make a cnnectin between tw thingsC. t narrw the gap
词性变化+语境:缩短差距
It's a steretype(刻板印象): Wmen well up at sad news and weepy mvies, while men remain dry-eyed in the mst upsetting and heartbreaking situatins.
Q: What’s the meaning f “well” ? a deep hle in the grund frm which yu can get water r il B. (f feelings) t becme strngC. t burst int tears
词性变化+语境:泪水涌上来
It’s a feeling familiar t many. Yu return t yur ffice after lunch and are hit with a wave f sluggishness (有气无力) and tiredness.
Q: What’s the meaning f “hit” ? t tuch smene r smething hard t affect badly C. t crash int smething
语境:一阵倦意向你袭来
(1)The fear that they might never return t find us made us feel ________ and discuraged.( B10U1 ) A. high B. lw C. shrt
提升训练:chse the best answers
语境:低的,不高的 → (心情)低落的(feel upset/dwn, in lw spirits)
(2)As the supply f fd and water gradually disappeared, we culd fresee that we wuld die if we culd nt reach land very sn. And we ________ gradually int a sleepy, half-alive state. (B9U2) A. sank B. jumped C. rse
语境:下沉,陷入 → 陷入一种昏昏沉沉,半死不活的状态(fall int an unpleasant state)
(3)Advertisers must pay the media fr displaying their ads. Their mney wuld be wasted if the message didn’t __________ its target audience.(B9U5) A. achieve B. gain C. reach
语境:到达(某地) → (信息)传达到某人那里;引起注意(cme t ne’s attentin)
(4)Hwever, I lst sight f Wang Ping because f t many carriages flying by in all directins. He was ________ up int the center f them.(B5U3) A. put B. swept C. cleared
语境:mve sth t sp(with a brush) → sb be mved t sp (by a frce)
(1)While her effrts were greeted with mstly enthusiasm frm thse ________ Detrit’s cld winters, ne wman vice dissatisfactin. “We dn’t need cat; we need jbs.”(莆田市质检) A. braving B. enjying C. expecting D. surviving
词性变化:face/withstand smething bravely ;brave cld winters 经受寒冬; vice:说出
(2)Still, Vernica is less fcused n the cats than n the wrkers wh make them. “At the end f the day,” she says, “the cat is a(n) _____ fr us t emply peple.” (莆田市质检) A. vehicle B. cncept C. case D. urge
语境:交通工具→工具、方法、手段
(1)When we handed him the bag f fd, he lit up and thanked us with ______ eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he culd use it fr whatever his family might need, he burst int tears. (2015年全国卷1) A. sleepy B. curius C. watery D. sharp
语境:含水多的 → 眼里含泪的
(2)Larry wrks with Transprt Drivers. Inc. One mrning in 2009, Larry was traveling alng 165 nrth after delivering t ne f his custmers. Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights n. As he gt clser, he fund that vehicle upside dwn n the rad. One mre lk and he nticed flames shting ut frm under the heard a wman’s vice cming frm the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle.(2016年全国卷1) A. used B. remved C. disabled D. abandned
语境:(f a persn) can’t use parts f his bdy prperly → (f a car) can’t wrk prperly
(3)I am Peter Hdes, a vlunteer stem curier. Since March 2012, I’ve dne 89 trips -- f thse, 51 have been abrad, I have 42 hurs t carry stem cells (干细胞) in my little bx because I’ve gt tw ice packs and that’s hw lng they last, in all, frm the time the stem cells are harvested frm a dnr (捐献者) t the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve gt 72 hurs at mst, S I am always cnscius f time. (2016年高考全国卷1)
语境:收获、收割(庄稼) → 采集获取(器官)
(4)A typical lin tamer (驯兽师) in peple's mind is an entertainer hlding a whip (鞭) and a chair. The whip gets all f the attentin, but it's mstly fr shw. In reality, it's the chair that des the imprtant wrk. When a lin tamer hlds a chair in frnt f the lin's face, the lin tries t fcus n all fur legs f the chair at the same time. With its fcus divided, the lin becmes cnfused and is unsure abut what t d next. When faced with s many ptins, the lin chses t freeze and wait instead f attacking the man hlding the chair.(2014年高考全国卷1)
语境:使冻结、冻住、结冰 → 僵住、不动(t stp and becme cmpletely still)
Cnclusin总结归纳+解题技巧
(1)首先结合上下文判断熟词是否发生词性的变化。如果有发生词性变化,先判断词性,再根据熟义或上下文语境,推测判断新词性下的生义。jam: n. 交通堵塞 → v. 挤满,堵塞ship:n. 轮船(一种交通工具) → v. 运输、运送huse:n. 房子(人或物的容身处) → v. 给(人或物)提供容身之处 → (结合语境)收藏、存放well:n. 井(有液体涌出) → v. 液体涌出 → (结合语境)眼泪涌出来bridge:n. 桥梁 → v. (结合语境)缩短差距brave: adj. 勇敢的 → v. 勇敢面对、经受……
(2)熟词词性没有变化,则根据熟义或上下文语境,通过合理联想推测判断生义。fld (v.) 洪水泛滥,发大水 → 大量涌入(像洪水一样泛滥)hit (v.) 袭击、打击、撞击 → 深受…影响lw (adj.) 低的,不高的 → 情绪低落的sink (v.) 下沉,陷入→ 陷入某种不好的状态reach (v.) 到达某地 → 传达到某人那里,引起注意sweep (v.) 用扫把扫向某处 → 被外力扫/卷向某处vehicle (n.) 交通工具 → 工具、手段、方法watery (adj.) 水多的 → 眼中含泪的disabled (adj.)人残疾的无法正常行动的→ 机器坏掉无法正常工作的harvest (v.) 收割,收获 → 获取、采集(器官)freeze (v.) 结冰,冻住→ 僵住,呆住,不动
The Rise f MaaS: An Integrated System f Mbility
An up-and-cming revlutin in mbility is knwn as MaaS: Mbility as a Service. Building n existing transprtatin technlgies, MaaS ffers a real pprtunity t make travel mre efficient, user friendly, and tailred t what individual cnsumers want. MaaS will rely n a digital platfrm that integrates all aspects f trip planning—bking, ticketing, and paying—acrss all mdes (方式) f transprtatin, whether public r private. N lnger will a traveler have t research a train time, bk a flight, and pay fr a car ride separately t get smewhere; with MaaS, ne single app will handle it all.
词性变化:n. 裁缝(量体裁衣)→ v.根据顾客需求制作
词性变化: 处理解决(问题)
Are 'Healthy' Fd Labels Out f Date? FDA Hlds Public Meeting
The buzzwrd “healthy” n fd labels can ffer cnsumers peace f mind and be marketing gld fr brands, but many health experts warn thse prducts might nt actually live up t their label. That’s why the Fd and Drug Administratin (FDA) is hlding a public meeting Thursday in Maryland, t reevaluate its current guidelines and requirements fr labeling a prduct "healthy."
词性变化:市场营销、推销
在英美文化中gld具有“gd、success”此类文化内涵
Luxury Iceberg Water at $100 a Pp
Americans lve their bttled water—with drinking cnsumptin reaching new highs—even tpping the almighty sda as the best-selling drink fr the first time last year. But d they lve it enugh t pay $100? One Nrwegian-based start-up thinks its new bttle f iceberg water—straight frm the remte fjrds f Nrway—will set a luxury trend as they tap int the $14.2 billin U.S. water market, as estimated by Beverage Marketing Crpratin.
词性变化:n.水龙头→ v.给…装上水龙头,打开后让里面的液体流出→ 结合语境,给美国14.2亿的瓶装水市场装上水龙头,打开之后让里面的金钱流出,推出“开发(市场)从而获利”的意思
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