江苏高考英语二轮专题限时六　情态动词和虚拟语气试卷含答案

专题限时检测(六)　情态动词和虚拟语气

(共3组，限时20分钟)

1．(2017·苏北四市高三一模) France has recently passed a law that says all supermarkets  ________donate all of their unsold produce to charities.

A．may　　　　　　　　　 B．should

C．will  D．shall

解析：选D　句意：法国最近通过了一项法律，要求超市将所有无法售出的农产品捐赠给慈善机构。shall用在条约、规章、法令等文件中可以用来表示义务或规定。

2．(2017·通、泰、扬、徐、淮、宿高三一模)—I have no idea what made the students so excited and crazy.

—________ it have been their team's victory in the finals?

A．Must  B．Could

C．Would  D．Should

解析：选B　句意：“我不知道是什么让学生们如此兴奋和疯狂。”“是不是有可能他们队在决赛中已经获胜了(的缘故)？”could＋have done表示对过去事实的推测，符合语境，故选B。

3．(2017·扬州高三一模) No wonder some people don't show sympathy for the victim of the accident. She ________have observed the traffic rules.

A．must  B．should

C．need  D．would

解析：选B　句意：难怪一些人并不同情这次意外的受害者。她本应该遵守交通规则。should have done“本应当做而实际上未做”，符合语境。

4．(2017·南京、盐城、连云港高三一模)He was greatly shocked at the man taking office. Never did he expect that the voters ________be so unreasonable.

A．should  B．could

C．would  D．might

解析：选A　句意：他对这个人上台执政大为震惊。他从来没有预计到选民竟然如此的不理智。should 此处表示“居然，竟然”。

5．(2017·苏、锡、常、镇高三一模)—Penny's baby daughter narrowly escaped drinking the furniture polish on the coffee table.

—Luckily for her. She ________sick or even died.

A．could have got  B．should have got

C．must have got  D．will have got

解析：选A　句意：“Penny 的小女儿险些喝了咖啡桌上的家具上光漆。”“真幸运，要是她喝了，那她就会生病，甚至导致死亡。”could have done 表示“过去本可能做却没有做”，符合语境。should have done“过去本应该做却没有做”；must have done“过去一定做过”，表示对过去的推测；will have done“将已经做完”。

6．(2017·苏、锡、常、镇高三一模)—Nowadays people seem to become more and more selfish.

—How much better life would be if we ________to the values of the past!

A．were to return  B．had returned

C．return  D．will return

解析：选A　句意：“如今人们好像变得越来越自私。”“要是我们回到过去的价值观，我们的生活该有多美好呀！”if从句表示对将来的虚拟，所以用were to do, did或should do。

7．(2017·南京、淮安高三一模) After making the speech, he went through it in his mind to reflect where he ______better. 　

A．could do  B．would do

C．could have done  D．would have done

解析：选C　句意：在演讲之后，他在脑海中回忆，思考演讲中本来能够做到更好的地方。could have done表示“本能够做而实际上未做”。

8．(2017·无锡高三一模)—You could hardly imagine what great trouble John had reserving a hotel room during the meeting.

—He ________in my apartment. It was vacant as I was abroad then.

A．must have stayed   B．should have stayed　　

C．could have stayed  D．would have stayed

解析：选C　句意：“你几乎难以想象，在会议期间，约翰很难预定到一间宾馆房间。”“他本可以住我的公寓，因为当时我在国外，所以房子是空着的。”could have done表示“本可以做而实际上未做”，符合语境。

9．(2017·南通、泰州高三一模)I'm sorry to say I failed to meet the deadline. With better equipment, I ________the task on schedule.

A．would accomplish

B．might have accomplished

C．must have accomplished

D．could accomplish

解析：选B　句意：很抱歉我不能如期完成。如果设备更好，我或许可以准时完成任务。might have done表示“或许可以做到而实际并没有做到”。

10．(2017·苏州高三一模)Had the government limited the sales of cars much earlier, traffic jam and pollution ________ so serious now.

A．has not been   B．would not be

C．had not been  D．wouldn't have been

解析：选B　句意：如果政府更早些限制车辆的销售，现在交通阻塞和污染就不会这么严重了。本题考查的是错综时间虚拟句的应用，“Had＋主语＋done ...”为省略if的虚拟条件句，表示对过去的虚拟；而“主语＋would not  do ...”表示对现在的虚拟。故选B项。

11．(2017·苏、锡、常、镇一模)We shall hardly please everyone, nor is it necessary that we ________.

 A．need  B．should

C．can  D．may

解析：选B　句意：我们几乎不可能取悦所有人，我们也没有必要这样做。在It is necessary that ...句型中，从句谓语动词要用“should do”表示虚拟语气。此处省略了动词please。

12．(2017·天津市河东区高三一模)My cousin insisted that she ________ to Australia for further study. But the company refused her application.

A．sends  B．will be sent

C．be sent  D．would be sent

解析：选C　句意：我的表姐坚持她应被送去澳大利亚深造。但公司拒绝了她的申请。当insist作“坚持，坚决要求”讲时，其后宾语从句的谓语动词要用“should do”表示虚拟语气，而且should可以省略。故选C。

13．(2017·徐州高三一模)If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river________ so seriously now.

A．is not polluted

B．would not be polluted

C．had not been polluted

D．would not have been polluted

解析：选B　句意：如果我们早些采取如此有效的措施，这条河现在就不会被严重地污染了。本句从句与过去的事实相反，而主句与现在的事实相反，这里now是解题关键。根据句意可知选B项。

14．(2017·江苏南通一模)Henry would rather his mother ________ in the school where he is studying.

A．not work  B．not worked

C．didn't work  D．not working

解析：选C　句意：Henry宁可他的妈妈不在他上学的学校里工作。would rather后跟句子时，该句应用虚拟语气，表示对现在或将来的虚拟，用一般过去时，故选C项。

15．(2017·苏、锡、常、镇一模)I could have finished my self­reflection last weekend, but the math classes and exercises ________ all my spare time.

A．take up  B．had taken up

C．took up  D．had been taking up

解析：选C　句意：我本可上周末就完成自我反思的，但数学课和练习占据了我所有的业余时间。but引导的并列句，以真实的情况表示隐含的虚拟条件。

1．(2017·无锡高三三模)According to the school rule, no child ________be allowed out of the school, unless accompanied by his own parents.

A．should  B．must

C．shall  D．can

解析：选C　句意：根据校规，除非有父母陪伴，任何孩子都不可出校门。当与第二、三人称连用时，shall表示规定、允诺、警告等。

2．(2017·苏、锡、常、镇高三二模)—Sherry rang to say she was too busy to come.

—Well, she ________say that. She is always making excuses.

A．mustn't  B．would

C．needn't  D．should

解析：选B　句意：“雪莉打电话来说她太忙了不能来。”“噢，她总是那么说。她总是找借口。”would可表示一贯的行为，意为“总是”。

3．(2017·南通、泰州、扬州高三三模)—I can't think why he ________so angry. I meant no offence.

—It's typical of him to be sensitive.

A．should have been  B．must have been

C．might have been  D．can have been

解析：选A　句意：“我想不到他为什么竟然如此生气。我本无意冒犯。”“他一贯很敏感。”should 此处是“竟然”的意思，用完成式表示“竟然做了某事”，表示惊奇，惊讶，难以相信的语气。

4．(2017·盐城市高三三模)It's a sad fact of life: lies are lies, and sometimes the truth________ lie as well.

A．shall  B．should

C．can  D．must

解析：选C　句意：这是生活中一个悲伤的事实：谎言是谎言，而有时真相也可能是谎言。can“有时会，偶尔会”。

5．(2017·扬州高三二模)I think that conflict is unlikely to happen, but if it ________， the interest of both China and the US would be severely damaged.

A．would occur  B．had occurred

C．were to occur  D．occurs

解析：选C　句意：我认为冲突不太可能发生，但是万一发生了冲突，中美利益将遭到严重的损坏。在表示对将来的假设时，if从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用“were to/｀should＋动词原形”，主句用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。

6．(2017·连云港、宿迁、徐州高三三模)—Did you pass your driving test?

—Yes, otherwise I ________to the picnic next month.

A．couldn't drive  B．couldn't have driven

C．won't drive  D．wouldn't have driven

解析：选A　句意：“你通过驾照考试了吗？”“是的，不然的话我下个月就不能开车去野餐了。”对将来的虚拟，主句中用could/would/might＋动词原形。

7．(2017·南京、盐城高三三模)If 53,667 people ________differently, Hillary Clinton would have keys to the White House.

A．voted  B．had voted

C．should vote  D．should have voted

解析：选B　句意：如果53 667人投了不同的票，希拉里·克林顿就可以入主白宫了。本句是对过去情况的虚拟，因此条件从句中用过去完成时。

8．(2017·常州高三二模) “But for the fact that you ______here for 3 years, I ______in this key high school now, facing its endless homework and exams！” the poor girl cried to her helpless father.

A．studied; wouldn't have studied

B．studied; wouldn't be studying

C．had studied; wouldn't have studied

D．had studied; wouldn't be studying

解析：选B　句意：“要不是因为你在这儿上过三年学，我现在也不会在这所重点中学，面对无休止的作业和考试！”这个可怜的女孩向她无奈的父亲哭诉。第一个空格是一个发生在过去的事实，所以用一般过去时studied；第二个空格是与现在事实相反的含蓄型虚拟语气，再结合句意，可知表示与现在的事实相反的愿望，所以用wouldn't be studying。

9．(2017·苏州市高三期中考试) Housing prices _________ since the end of last year. Therefore, it's time the central government_________ some effective measures to bring them under control.

A．have increased; would take

B．have increased; will take

C．have been increasing; takes

D．have been increasing; took

解析：选D　句意：自从去年底，房价一直在上涨。因此，到了中央政府采取有效措施控制房价的时候了。第一空根据时间状语since the end of last year 可知用现在完成时或现在完成进行时；第二空It is time＋从句，从句的谓语用should do或过去式表示虚拟语气。

10．(2017·苏北三市三模)—Where do you want to work after graduation?

—It's not been decided yet. I ________ continue my studies for a higher degree.

A．need  B．should

C．might  D．must

解析：选C　句意：“毕业后你想去哪里工作？”“还没有定下来，我可能会继续深造。”由答语中的第一句判断应选might“可能”，表示可能性不大的推测。need“需要”；should“应该”；must“必须”。

11．(2017·南京三模)His way of addressing one hard problem last Friday ________ lead to the rise of another.

A．would rather  B．may well

C．shall  D．need

解析：选B　句意： 他上周五处理问题的方式有可能会导致另一个问题的产生。此处may用来表示可能性，与well连用，意思为“很有可能”。

12．(2017·南通三模)She would be much healthier now ________ with that much pressure from work when young.

A．had she not burdened herself

B．were she not burdened

C．should she not burden herself

D．were she not to be burdened

解析：选A　句意：如果她年轻的时候没有承受那么大的压力，她现在应该更健康一些。表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句中谓语动词应该用“had＋过去分词”；如果条件状语从句中含助动词had，可省略连词if，将助动词had提到句首。

13．(2017·扬州三模)If we hadn't been stuck in the traffic on the expressway, we ________ dinner at the table now.

A．are having  B．would have had

C．should have  D．would be having

解析：选D　句意：如果不是被堵在高速路上的话，我们现在有可能正坐在餐桌旁吃饭。该句是混合虚拟条件句，从句是表示与过去事实相反，而主句根据时间状语now可知，表示与现在事实相反，所以用“would ＋动词原形”，此处用进行式表示动作正在发生。

14．(2017·南京、盐城二模)The desk that ________ clean so I could do homework was always surrounded with bowls of bad milk, old magazines and so on.

A．may have been  B．would have been

C．must have been  D．should have been

解析：选D　句意：那张本来应该被收拾得干干净净以便我在上面写作业的桌子总是堆满了过期的牛奶瓶和旧杂志等。根据主句的时态可知，从句表示与过去事实相反的愿望，should have been clean“本来应该干干净净的”，符合语境。

15．(2017·盐城三模)—With the failure of the experiment, we reach a dead end.

—Cheer up! Many good things would never have happened if the bad events ________ first.

A．don't happen  B．didn't happen

C．hadn't happened  D．haven't happened

解析：选C　句意：“实验失败了，我们进入了死胡同。”“振作起来，许多美好的事情发生之前都经历过失败。”表示与过去事实相反的推测时，主句用would have done的形式，if从句用过去完成时。

1．—So boring and exhausted! I'd rather I hadn't been invited to the party.

—Oh, no. If so, I ________ a quiet night at home.

A．didn't enjoy  B．hadn't enjoyed

C．couldn't have enjoyed  D．couldn't enjoy

解析：选C　句意：“真是令人厌烦和疲惫！我宁愿没有被邀请参加这个晚会。”“哦，不，如果那样的话，我在家里不可能享受到一个宁静的夜晚了。”此处是虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句中用would/could/might＋have＋动词过去分词。

2．—What happened to the young trees we planted last week?

—The trees ________ well, but I didn't  water them.

A．might grow  B．needn't have grown

C．would have grown  D．would grow

解析：选C　答句句意：树本可以长得很好的，可是我没有浇水。对过去事情的假设，用would＋have done形式。

3．If you ________ yourself to doing everything in the order given, you would miss an opportunity to be a unique individual.

A．commit   B．committed

C．have committed  D．had committed

解析：选B　句意：如果你致力于循规蹈矩地做每一件事情，你就会失去成为一个与众不同的人的机会。分析句子成分可知，本题考查if的非真实条件句。由主句的would miss可知，本题是对现在时间的虚拟，从句应用一般过去时，故committed符合题意。

4．If you talk to your children as if they ________ adults, you will strengthen the bonds and become closer friends.

A．are  B．were

C．have been  D．would be

解析：选B　句意：如果你像对待成年人一样跟你的孩子们讲话，你们之间的关系就会加强，并且成为更亲密的朋友。as if引导的状语从句常用虚拟语气，此处表示与现在事实相反的假设用一般过去时。

5．If he ________ to the teacher attentively in the past year, he ________ the answer to the question now.

A．had listened; would know  B．listened; knew

C．listens; knew  D．has listened; knows

解析：选A　句意：如果在过去的一年里他认真听老师讲课的话，那么他现在就能够知道这个问题的答案了。从in the past year判断前面条件状语从句是对过去进行假设，应该用过去完成时，而后面主句中的now则提示第二空应该是对现在的虚拟，应该用would＋动词原形。

6．I would rather ________ to work after my graduation, but my father would rather I ________ abroad for further education.

A．go; had gone  B．go; went

C．went; went  D．went; will go

解析：选B　句意：我愿意毕业后参加工作，但我父亲却愿意让我出国进修。“would rather＋动词原形”表示愿意现在或将来做某事，故第一空用动词原形；在“would rather＋that从句”句型中，从句谓语动词需用一般过去时表示对将来的虚拟。故选B。

7．The upset mother thought to herself，“If only I ________ what's going on in my little boy's head right now.”

A．had known  B．know

C．knew  D．have known

解析：选C　if only表示“要是……就好了”，谓语动词应使用虚拟语气。根据“right now”可知，此处表示对现在的虚拟，因此谓语动词用过去式。

8．The prediction that the temperature would rise by 1℃ ________ sound like nothing special, as people experience it every day.

A．may  B．can

C．should  D．shall

解析：选A　句意：据预测气温将会上升1℃，这听起来好像没什么特别的，因为人们每天都在经历这种气温的上升。根据后面的原因状语从句可知，此处表示推测，且为肯定句，故选A。

9．—I phoned you yesterday morning. A girl answered, but I didn't recognize the voice.

—Oh, it________ my younger sister. She was in my room at that moment.

A．must have been  B．should have been

C．could have been  D．may have been

解析：选A　句意：“我昨天早上打电话给你。一个女孩接的，但我没听出是谁的声音。”“哦，一定是我的妹妹。她那会正在我的房间。”结合语境，选A项。

10．We welcome you to use this area for your baby buggy (童车). However, ________ a wheelchair user board the bus, you are not supposed to use this special area.

A．would  B．might

C．should  D．could

解析：选C　句意：我们欢迎你使用这一区域停放你的童车。然而万一轮椅使用者要上公共汽车，你就不应该再使用这一特殊区域。本题为if的非真实条件句对将来时间的虚拟。其完整形式为：if a wheelchair user should board the bus.句中为省略if时的部分倒装形式。should意为“万一，应该，竟然”。