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高考英语非谓语动词课件
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这是一份高考英语非谓语动词课件，共39页。PPT课件主要包含了谓语非谓语，wondering，was caught，combining，making up，Given，to keep ，stopping，to make，to attend等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Steve finished his reprt n schedule.
Steve managed t finish his reprt n schedule.
Having wrked fr several days, Steve managed t finish his reprt n schedule.
Having wrked fr several days, Steve made his reprt finished n schedule.
Steve’s reprt was finished n schedule.
非谓语动词形式:不定式
肯定 主动 t d 主动 t have dne 被动 t be dnet be ding/ t have been ding/t have been dne 否定 nt + 非谓语 nt t d nt t have dne nt t be dne
非谓语动词形式:动词ing
(现在分词+动名词)肯定 主动 ding having dne 被动 being dne having been dne否定 nt ding/having dne nt being dne/having been dne
非谓语动词形式:过去分词
肯定 dne 否定 nt dne
动词ing – 语法功能
表示正在做某事，作状语时表示与谓语动词动作基本同时发生
逻辑上为主动关系；作状语时强调先于谓语动词动作完成
表示被动关系；表示某事正在被做；
逻辑上为被动关系；作状语时强调先于谓语动词动作完成,。
逻辑上为被动关系；可表示动作的一般时态，或者完成的状态。
逻辑上为主动关系；表示目的，计划，打算
逻辑上为被动关系；表示目的，计划，打算
用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1.She std n the platfrm, ____________(wnder) whether t stay r leave. 2. The gymnasium _______________(build) fr seven years.3. ________________ (spend) nearly all ur mney, we culdn’t affrd t stay at a htel.4. He ___________ (catch) stealing n the first recent years an English wrd “infsphere” has appeared, _____________ (cmbine) the sense f “infrmatin” and “atmsphere”.
has been built
Having spent
6. _____________ (give) an pprtunity ____________ (attend) a schl abrad, ne must cnsider bth its advantages and disadvantages carefully befre _____________ (make up) his mind. 7. It wuld be flish _____________ (keep) sawing(锯) away withut ____________ (stp) frm time t time _____________ (make) yur tl sharper.8. Lucy has a gift fr creating an atmsphere that _________ (allw) them t cmmunicate freely.
1. Traveling abrad can braden my been tld many times, he still repeated the same mistake.3. The by standing there is a classmate f mine.4. I fund my hmetwn changed s much.5. Much remains t be dne.6. We agreed t meet here but s far she hasn’t turned up.7. Her mther plans t fly t Beijing t visit her.8. She suggested ding it in a different way.
过去分词 v-ed不作主语和宾语！！！1.Praised by her bss made Kate s excited praised by her bss made Kate s excited yesterday.having dne 和 having been dne 只作状语!!!1.The huses having been built are fr the residents. 2. The huse built are fr the residents.
1)_____________ (cllect) infrmatin is very imprtant t businessman.2 It’s imprtant fr us ____________ (learn)freign languages.3) 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。______________________ with Shylck．
It is n use arguing
动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别： 动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作，不定式则通常表示具体的动作。如：1)As a child，she felt that _________________ was a duty and a pleasure．(探视病人)2) ___________ in an American hme will be a gd experience fr me. (做客)
visiting sick peple
T be a guest
动名词的复合结构：名词所有格/形容词性物主代词+ 动名词 i.e. the teacher’s; my/yur/his/her/ur… 1) 我姐姐病了，使我很担心。 _________________________made we wrried. 2) 你正确未必就意味着我错了。 Yur being right desn't necessarily mean ___________________________.
my being wrng
My sister’s being ill
1 表示主语具有的特征 (动词ing 相当一个形容词） The prblem is quite ________. (puzzle) She gave me a ______ (cnfuse) lk.
2 The rainbw seemed ________ (end) n the hillside.3 Her wrk is ___________( lk )after the children.4 百闻不如一见。 Seeing is __________.
过去分词作表语，主要人或物所处的状态。 But he became inspired when he thught abut helping rdinary peple. 过去分词与 动词ing 的区别1. It was such a ___________ (tire) jb that I really felt ______________ (tire).2. The _____________ (excite) lk n the teacher’s face suggested that she was _____________ (satisfy) with ur perfrmance.
只接动词-ing形式的常用动词:admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avid 避免cnsider 考虑 dislike 嫌恶 resist抵制deny 否定 enjy 喜欢 escape 逃脱practice 练习 mind介意 miss 逃过fancy想象 finish 完成 allw/permit 允许risk 冒险 frbid 禁止 imagine 设想 suggest/advise 建议 frgive 原谅delay 推迟 keep/keep n 保持
C 非谓语作宾语
只接动词-ing形式的常用动词(组)有： be used t, lead t, be devted t, stick t, bject t (反对), lk frward t, pay attentin t,have difficulty (in), spend time(in), be busy(in)feel like, insist n, give up, cannt help , aplgize fr, be additicted t, be accustmed t
只接动词t d形式的常用动词有： decide determine learn wantexpect hpe refuse managepretend ffer prmise chseplan agree help
既可用动词-ing形式作宾语，也可用不定式作宾语 ☆这类动词虽然既能用ing形式作宾语，也能用不定式作宾语，如attempt, cntinue, hate, intend, like, lve, prefer, begin, start等，后面接动词-ing形式或不定式区别不是很大。 I intend t ______________ an English-Chinese dictinary. (buy) ☆另一类动词，后接不定式和动词ing，意义不同，如 frget, remember, regret, stp, try, mean, We’ve deeply regretted ___________ the huse. (sell)
t buy/buying
frget t d 忘记去做 ding 忘记已经做某事remember t d 记住要做某事 ding 记得做过某事regret t d 遗憾将要做某事 ding 后悔做过某事stp t d 停下来 做另一件事 ding 停止做某事try t d 努力做某事 ding 尝试着做某事mean t d 打算做某事 ding 意味着
动词need, require, want 作“需要” deserve作“应受,应得”解时, 其后用动名词的主动形式(ding)或不定式的被动形式(t be dne)表被动意义。need/require/want ding = need/require/want t be dneThe car needs repairing. = The car needs t be repaired.
感官动词(see, ntice, watch, bserve, lk at，listen t, hear, feel) + sb + dne
1) 刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。I heard her _________ an English sng just nw. 2) 我听见她正在唱英文歌。I heard her _________ an English sng.3)人们听见她刚唱了一首英语歌。 She was heard __________ an English sng just nw.4) 我想听她唱这首歌. I’d like t hear an English sng ________by her.
2.带有“致使”含义的动词，即：使役动词
使…去做某事 (主动关系)let/have/make+ sb./sth. + d sth.get sb. t d sth.
have sb./sth. ding 使某人/物 持续地做get sb./sth. ding 使某人/物 开始做
他让我给他寄信。He gt me t pst the letter fr him.He had/let/made me pst the letter fr him.
have/get/make+ sb./sth + dnelet sb./sth. be dne使…被做
I have had my bike _______(repair).My sister had her wallet _______(steal )n a bus last mnth.The ld man had his leg ______(break)in the accident.
He raised his vice in rder t make himself heard.
3. 表示状态的动词 keep, leave, find,catch
leave sb./sth. ding 让某人/某物一直处在某种状态keep sb./sth. ding 让某人持续做某事/某事持续进行find/catch sb./sth. ding 发现某人正在做某事 leave sb. t d sth. 留下某人做某事 leave sth. t be dne 留下某事要被做leave sth. undne 留下某事未做keep sb./sth. dne 使某人/某事被…fine sb./sth. dne 发现某人/某物被…
1. They kept the dr ________(lck)fr a lng time.2. He died and left his nvel_ ________(finish).3. I was surprised t find my hme twn __________ (change) s much.4. A ck will be immediately fired if he is fund ____________ (smke)I n the kitchen.5. We hurriedly ended ur meeting, leaving many prblems _______________ (settle).6. Even the best writers find themselves __________ (lse) fr wrds.
t be settled
1. With many brightly-clred flwers ________ (plant) arund the building, his huse lks like a beautiful garden.2. With everything he needed __________, (buy) he went t the stre.3. With everything he needed ___________, (buy) he left the stre.4. The thief was brught in with his hands _______(tie)back.5. With s much wrk ___________ (fill) my mind.
4. “with+宾语＋ 宾补”= 独立主格
不定式作定语1. Yuan Lngping was the first man __________________ (prduce) hybrid rice with a high utput 2. I dn’t have the ability __________ (say) ‘n’ t my classmates when they want t brrw my hmewrk. 分词形式的形容词常做前置定语 3. The experience was very ______________. (depress) 4. Alice read the letter with a _____________ (puzzle) frwn.
充当定语成分的非谓语都可以改成定语从句。Last night, there were millins f peple _________ (watch) the pening ceremny live n TV. = wh watched He thught abut helping rdinary peple _________ (expse) t chlera. = wh were expsed t chlera
* 过去分词与 动词ing 、不定式的被动语态 已经建好的体育馆是给学生们使用的。 The gymnasium _______________are fr the students. 即将被建的体育馆 正在被建的体育馆 1. The prject _________ (design) by him was cnstructed in nly tw mnths.2. Near the windw, there is a bkshelf _____________ (fill with) bks.
being built
filled with
动词ing形式可以作状语，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。1 表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。 ____________________________, we are ready fr the examinatin. 我们已经作好了充分准备，现在可以应考了。(= After we have made full preparatins...)
Having made full preparatins
3 表示结果，相当于一个并列谓语。 His father died,____________________________. = and he left him a lt f mney.他父亲死了，留给他许多钱.4 表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。 _____________________________, yu will succeed.=If yu wrk hard at yur lessns, 如果你努力学习，就一定能成功。5 表示让步，相当于一个让步状语从句。 _____________________________, he still repeated the same mistake.= Althugh he had been tld many times, ...虽然被告诉过很多次，他仍然重复犯同样的错误。
leaving him a lt f mney
Wrking hard at yur lessns
Having been tld many times
独立主格结构：逻辑主语+非谓语动词
6 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，相当于一个并列结构。 He lay n the grass,_______________________.= stared at the sky fr a lng time 他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。
staring at the sky fr a lng time
1. 如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。_____________________, we are ging t visit yu tmrrw.2. With my car _______________,I had t walk t wrk. (repair) With my car ________, I drve it t wrk.
Weather permitting
being repaired
1.Since I dn’t knw her address, I can’t get in tuch with her.2. We have cme here in rder that we can imprve ur English.3. They came int the rm and they were singing and dancing.4. When she heard the news, she culdn’t help laughing.5. After he clsed the windws, he went hme.6. When we had finished the wrk, we went ut t play.7. If the weather permits, we’ll g ut n an Sam came t schl late made his teacher quite angry.
Task:change the fllwing sentences int simple nes.
Nt knwing her address,
T imprve ur English, we have cme here.
They came int the rm, singing and dancing.
Hearing the news, she… …
Having clsed the windws, … …
Having finished the wrk, we … …
Weather permitting, … …
Sam’s cming t schl late made his teacher quite angry
When she was asked why she did it, she began t cry. Asked why she did it, she began t cry. When asked why she did it, she began t cry.
After the lecture had been given, a lively questin-and-answer fllwed. The lecture __________________________ a lively questin-and-answer fllwed.
having been given / given
Because he was mved by her wrds, he decided t help the pr by. Mved by her wrds, he decided t help the pr by.
Since the bk is clearly and thughtful written, the bk inspires cnfidence in students wh wish t seek their wn answers. Clearly and thughtful _________________, the bk inspires cnfidence in students wh wish t seek their wn answers.
If I am given mre time, I’ll catch up with yu. Given mre time, I’ll catch up with yu. If given mre time, I’ll catch up with yu.
Once anyne is tested psitive fr H7N9 flu virus, he r she will receive free medical treatment frm ur gvernment.Anyne, nce _____________ psitive fr H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment frm ur gvernment.
Althugh he was laughed at by thers, he didn’t give up his hpe. Laughed at by thers, he didn’t give up his hpe. Althugh laughed at by thers, he didn’t give up his hpe.
Thugh he had been tld many times, he still repeated the same mistake. _______________________ many times, he still repeated the same mistake.
Tld/ Having been tld
The teacher std there and he was surrunded by many students. The teacher std there, surrunded by many students.
The teacher came int the lab, ______________ by sme students.
Steve finished his reprt n schedule.
Steve managed t finish his reprt n schedule.
Having wrked fr several days, Steve managed t finish his reprt n schedule.
Having wrked fr several days, Steve made his reprt finished n schedule.
Steve’s reprt was finished n schedule.
非谓语动词形式:不定式
肯定 主动 t d 主动 t have dne 被动 t be dnet be ding/ t have been ding/t have been dne 否定 nt + 非谓语 nt t d nt t have dne nt t be dne
非谓语动词形式:动词ing
(现在分词+动名词)肯定 主动 ding having dne 被动 being dne having been dne否定 nt ding/having dne nt being dne/having been dne
非谓语动词形式:过去分词
肯定 dne 否定 nt dne
动词ing – 语法功能
表示正在做某事，作状语时表示与谓语动词动作基本同时发生
逻辑上为主动关系；作状语时强调先于谓语动词动作完成
表示被动关系；表示某事正在被做；
逻辑上为被动关系；作状语时强调先于谓语动词动作完成,。
逻辑上为被动关系；可表示动作的一般时态，或者完成的状态。
逻辑上为主动关系；表示目的，计划，打算
逻辑上为被动关系；表示目的，计划，打算
用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1.She std n the platfrm, ____________(wnder) whether t stay r leave. 2. The gymnasium _______________(build) fr seven years.3. ________________ (spend) nearly all ur mney, we culdn’t affrd t stay at a htel.4. He ___________ (catch) stealing n the first recent years an English wrd “infsphere” has appeared, _____________ (cmbine) the sense f “infrmatin” and “atmsphere”.
has been built
Having spent
6. _____________ (give) an pprtunity ____________ (attend) a schl abrad, ne must cnsider bth its advantages and disadvantages carefully befre _____________ (make up) his mind. 7. It wuld be flish _____________ (keep) sawing(锯) away withut ____________ (stp) frm time t time _____________ (make) yur tl sharper.8. Lucy has a gift fr creating an atmsphere that _________ (allw) them t cmmunicate freely.
1. Traveling abrad can braden my been tld many times, he still repeated the same mistake.3. The by standing there is a classmate f mine.4. I fund my hmetwn changed s much.5. Much remains t be dne.6. We agreed t meet here but s far she hasn’t turned up.7. Her mther plans t fly t Beijing t visit her.8. She suggested ding it in a different way.
过去分词 v-ed不作主语和宾语！！！1.Praised by her bss made Kate s excited praised by her bss made Kate s excited yesterday.having dne 和 having been dne 只作状语!!!1.The huses having been built are fr the residents. 2. The huse built are fr the residents.
1)_____________ (cllect) infrmatin is very imprtant t businessman.2 It’s imprtant fr us ____________ (learn)freign languages.3) 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。______________________ with Shylck．
It is n use arguing
动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别： 动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作，不定式则通常表示具体的动作。如：1)As a child，she felt that _________________ was a duty and a pleasure．(探视病人)2) ___________ in an American hme will be a gd experience fr me. (做客)
visiting sick peple
T be a guest
动名词的复合结构：名词所有格/形容词性物主代词+ 动名词 i.e. the teacher’s; my/yur/his/her/ur… 1) 我姐姐病了，使我很担心。 _________________________made we wrried. 2) 你正确未必就意味着我错了。 Yur being right desn't necessarily mean ___________________________.
my being wrng
My sister’s being ill
1 表示主语具有的特征 (动词ing 相当一个形容词） The prblem is quite ________. (puzzle) She gave me a ______ (cnfuse) lk.
2 The rainbw seemed ________ (end) n the hillside.3 Her wrk is ___________( lk )after the children.4 百闻不如一见。 Seeing is __________.
过去分词作表语，主要人或物所处的状态。 But he became inspired when he thught abut helping rdinary peple. 过去分词与 动词ing 的区别1. It was such a ___________ (tire) jb that I really felt ______________ (tire).2. The _____________ (excite) lk n the teacher’s face suggested that she was _____________ (satisfy) with ur perfrmance.
只接动词-ing形式的常用动词:admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avid 避免cnsider 考虑 dislike 嫌恶 resist抵制deny 否定 enjy 喜欢 escape 逃脱practice 练习 mind介意 miss 逃过fancy想象 finish 完成 allw/permit 允许risk 冒险 frbid 禁止 imagine 设想 suggest/advise 建议 frgive 原谅delay 推迟 keep/keep n 保持
C 非谓语作宾语
只接动词-ing形式的常用动词(组)有： be used t, lead t, be devted t, stick t, bject t (反对), lk frward t, pay attentin t,have difficulty (in), spend time(in), be busy(in)feel like, insist n, give up, cannt help , aplgize fr, be additicted t, be accustmed t
只接动词t d形式的常用动词有： decide determine learn wantexpect hpe refuse managepretend ffer prmise chseplan agree help
既可用动词-ing形式作宾语，也可用不定式作宾语 ☆这类动词虽然既能用ing形式作宾语，也能用不定式作宾语，如attempt, cntinue, hate, intend, like, lve, prefer, begin, start等，后面接动词-ing形式或不定式区别不是很大。 I intend t ______________ an English-Chinese dictinary. (buy) ☆另一类动词，后接不定式和动词ing，意义不同，如 frget, remember, regret, stp, try, mean, We’ve deeply regretted ___________ the huse. (sell)
t buy/buying
frget t d 忘记去做 ding 忘记已经做某事remember t d 记住要做某事 ding 记得做过某事regret t d 遗憾将要做某事 ding 后悔做过某事stp t d 停下来 做另一件事 ding 停止做某事try t d 努力做某事 ding 尝试着做某事mean t d 打算做某事 ding 意味着
动词need, require, want 作“需要” deserve作“应受,应得”解时, 其后用动名词的主动形式(ding)或不定式的被动形式(t be dne)表被动意义。need/require/want ding = need/require/want t be dneThe car needs repairing. = The car needs t be repaired.
感官动词(see, ntice, watch, bserve, lk at，listen t, hear, feel) + sb + dne
1) 刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。I heard her _________ an English sng just nw. 2) 我听见她正在唱英文歌。I heard her _________ an English sng.3)人们听见她刚唱了一首英语歌。 She was heard __________ an English sng just nw.4) 我想听她唱这首歌. I’d like t hear an English sng ________by her.
2.带有“致使”含义的动词，即：使役动词
使…去做某事 (主动关系)let/have/make+ sb./sth. + d sth.get sb. t d sth.
have sb./sth. ding 使某人/物 持续地做get sb./sth. ding 使某人/物 开始做
他让我给他寄信。He gt me t pst the letter fr him.He had/let/made me pst the letter fr him.
have/get/make+ sb./sth + dnelet sb./sth. be dne使…被做
I have had my bike _______(repair).My sister had her wallet _______(steal )n a bus last mnth.The ld man had his leg ______(break)in the accident.
He raised his vice in rder t make himself heard.
3. 表示状态的动词 keep, leave, find,catch
leave sb./sth. ding 让某人/某物一直处在某种状态keep sb./sth. ding 让某人持续做某事/某事持续进行find/catch sb./sth. ding 发现某人正在做某事 leave sb. t d sth. 留下某人做某事 leave sth. t be dne 留下某事要被做leave sth. undne 留下某事未做keep sb./sth. dne 使某人/某事被…fine sb./sth. dne 发现某人/某物被…
1. They kept the dr ________(lck)fr a lng time.2. He died and left his nvel_ ________(finish).3. I was surprised t find my hme twn __________ (change) s much.4. A ck will be immediately fired if he is fund ____________ (smke)I n the kitchen.5. We hurriedly ended ur meeting, leaving many prblems _______________ (settle).6. Even the best writers find themselves __________ (lse) fr wrds.
t be settled
1. With many brightly-clred flwers ________ (plant) arund the building, his huse lks like a beautiful garden.2. With everything he needed __________, (buy) he went t the stre.3. With everything he needed ___________, (buy) he left the stre.4. The thief was brught in with his hands _______(tie)back.5. With s much wrk ___________ (fill) my mind.
4. “with+宾语＋ 宾补”= 独立主格
不定式作定语1. Yuan Lngping was the first man __________________ (prduce) hybrid rice with a high utput 2. I dn’t have the ability __________ (say) ‘n’ t my classmates when they want t brrw my hmewrk. 分词形式的形容词常做前置定语 3. The experience was very ______________. (depress) 4. Alice read the letter with a _____________ (puzzle) frwn.
充当定语成分的非谓语都可以改成定语从句。Last night, there were millins f peple _________ (watch) the pening ceremny live n TV. = wh watched He thught abut helping rdinary peple _________ (expse) t chlera. = wh were expsed t chlera
* 过去分词与 动词ing 、不定式的被动语态 已经建好的体育馆是给学生们使用的。 The gymnasium _______________are fr the students. 即将被建的体育馆 正在被建的体育馆 1. The prject _________ (design) by him was cnstructed in nly tw mnths.2. Near the windw, there is a bkshelf _____________ (fill with) bks.
being built
filled with
动词ing形式可以作状语，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。1 表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。 ____________________________, we are ready fr the examinatin. 我们已经作好了充分准备，现在可以应考了。(= After we have made full preparatins...)
Having made full preparatins
3 表示结果，相当于一个并列谓语。 His father died,____________________________. = and he left him a lt f mney.他父亲死了，留给他许多钱.4 表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。 _____________________________, yu will succeed.=If yu wrk hard at yur lessns, 如果你努力学习，就一定能成功。5 表示让步，相当于一个让步状语从句。 _____________________________, he still repeated the same mistake.= Althugh he had been tld many times, ...虽然被告诉过很多次，他仍然重复犯同样的错误。
leaving him a lt f mney
Wrking hard at yur lessns
Having been tld many times
独立主格结构：逻辑主语+非谓语动词
6 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，相当于一个并列结构。 He lay n the grass,_______________________.= stared at the sky fr a lng time 他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。
staring at the sky fr a lng time
1. 如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。_____________________, we are ging t visit yu tmrrw.2. With my car _______________,I had t walk t wrk. (repair) With my car ________, I drve it t wrk.
Weather permitting
being repaired
1.Since I dn’t knw her address, I can’t get in tuch with her.2. We have cme here in rder that we can imprve ur English.3. They came int the rm and they were singing and dancing.4. When she heard the news, she culdn’t help laughing.5. After he clsed the windws, he went hme.6. When we had finished the wrk, we went ut t play.7. If the weather permits, we’ll g ut n an Sam came t schl late made his teacher quite angry.
Task:change the fllwing sentences int simple nes.
Nt knwing her address,
T imprve ur English, we have cme here.
They came int the rm, singing and dancing.
Hearing the news, she… …
Having clsed the windws, … …
Having finished the wrk, we … …
Weather permitting, … …
Sam’s cming t schl late made his teacher quite angry
When she was asked why she did it, she began t cry. Asked why she did it, she began t cry. When asked why she did it, she began t cry.
After the lecture had been given, a lively questin-and-answer fllwed. The lecture __________________________ a lively questin-and-answer fllwed.
having been given / given
Because he was mved by her wrds, he decided t help the pr by. Mved by her wrds, he decided t help the pr by.
Since the bk is clearly and thughtful written, the bk inspires cnfidence in students wh wish t seek their wn answers. Clearly and thughtful _________________, the bk inspires cnfidence in students wh wish t seek their wn answers.
If I am given mre time, I’ll catch up with yu. Given mre time, I’ll catch up with yu. If given mre time, I’ll catch up with yu.
Once anyne is tested psitive fr H7N9 flu virus, he r she will receive free medical treatment frm ur gvernment.Anyne, nce _____________ psitive fr H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment frm ur gvernment.
Althugh he was laughed at by thers, he didn’t give up his hpe. Laughed at by thers, he didn’t give up his hpe. Althugh laughed at by thers, he didn’t give up his hpe.
Thugh he had been tld many times, he still repeated the same mistake. _______________________ many times, he still repeated the same mistake.
Tld/ Having been tld
The teacher std there and he was surrunded by many students. The teacher std there, surrunded by many students.
The teacher came int the lab, ______________ by sme students.
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