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2021烟台中英文学校高三上学期冬学竞赛英语试卷含答案
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这是一份2021烟台中英文学校高三上学期冬学竞赛英语试卷含答案，共17页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
冬学竞赛英语
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19.15.
B. ￡9.15.
C. ￡9.18.
答案是B。
1. What will the man do first?
A. Learn more about prices. B. Find a supplier. C. Do reports.
2. When will the meeting be held?
A. At 11:30. B. At 12:00. C. At 1:00.
3. Why is the woman leaving work early?
A. To take care of her mother. B. To post a package. C. To pick up a car.
4. What are the speakers talking about in general?
A. A trip. B. Food. C. The weather.
5. What relation is the man to the woman?
A. Her customer. B. Her co-worker. C. Her boss.
第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What will the woman do on Saturday afternoon?
A. Do her homework. B. Enjoy a concert. C. Watch a game.
7. Where will the woman go on Sunday?
A. To a park. B. To a hospital. C. To the man’s house.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。
8. What is the woman’s opinion about the computer screen?
A. Big. B. Nice. C. Stylish.
9. What brings the man a bit of trouble?
A. The screen. B. The keyboard. C. The mouse.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What is the purpose of the call?
A. To accept a position.
B. To advertise a job opening.
C. To check on a job application.
11. For what day is the man’s appointment scheduled?
A. Tuesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
12. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Call her later.
B. Meet with Victoria Smith.
C. Wait at the front desk.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. Which city does the man book a shuttle bus for?
A. London. B. Milton. C. Toronto.
14. What is the woman doing?
A. Taking the man’s information.
B. Offering the flight timetable.
C. Conducting an interview.
15. When will the man probably leave for Milton?
A. At 11:30. B. At 12:00. C. At 12:30.
16. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. Book his return ticket in advance.
B. Collect his luggage first.
C. Have some coffee.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. Why did Fagin come to the speaker?
A. To rent her house. B. To buy her house. C. To decorate her house.
18. Why was the speaker hesitant about Fagin’s offer?
A. She disliked him.
B. The money was not much.
C. They’d damage some of her belongings.
19. How long did it take to prepare the house for the film?
A. Four days. B. A month. C. Two months.
20. What did the speaker do when the crew left?
A. She watched a film. B. She visited her relatives. C. She repainted the living room.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Being stuck at home doesn't mean that learning stops. In fact, it's just the opposite. Here are some activities and resources to foster kids' imagination and build their curiosity at home.
Let's Get Down to the Science
The science lab at school may be closed, but you can still put on goggles and a white lab coat and learn at home. This Test Tube Experiment Kit will make you feel like a genius in no time. Kids will get the chance to learn about basic chemistry, physics, and more by creating pop-resistant bubbles, bouncy balls, and other objects.
To Infinity(无穷)and Beyond
Earth is a part of the Milky Way galaxy, but did you know there are around 100 million galaxies in the universe? There are so many fun and fascinating things to learn about space that the possibilities truly go to infinity and beyond. A great way start your child's educational space adventure is with this Real Life Sticker and Activity Book.
Take a Walk on the Wild Side
Biology class is in session! Here's your chance to get up close and personal with a great white shark without putting on a wetsuit. This 4D Great White Shark Anatomy Kit allows you to get an inside look at what makes these predators of the deep so powerful. And then take an even deeper dive into a shark's world with I Am Shark .
Take advantage of this time at home and find new ways to keep exploring the world around you.
21．What is common among these activities above?
A．They are all performed outdoors.
B．They are all associated with physics.
C．They are all carried out by the way of experimenting.
D．They all recommend some resources for kids to study.
22．Which book favors children interested in stars?
A．This Test Tube Experiment Kit. B．Real Life Slicker and Activity Book.
C．4D Great White Shark Anatomy Kit. D．I Am Shark .
23．The shared goal of the activities is to .
A．gain financial benefits B．save kids from boredom
C．explore new technologies D．inspire kids to study at home
B
Compassion and love are concepts that are often thought to be felt by humans only. As the most intelligent creatures to ever walk the earth, we tend to assume that we are the only ones who can feel emotions. We forget that the speechless beings who live here with us—animals—also have the same capability.
During a cold night in Ontario, Canada, a passer-by spotted something on the side of the road that made her stop -a shaking dog curled up in the snow.
When she approached the pup, she discovered that she wasn't alone—she was cuddling five orphaned black kittens to keep them warm.
The dog surely could have found a safer place to stay for the night, but she chose instead to help not just herself but other stray animals as well.
The Good Samaritan called Pet and Wildlife Rescue and an animal control officer picked them up. When they got to the shelter, it was apparent that a close bond had already been formed between the dog and the orphaned kittens. The staff decided to name the kind dog Serenity in honor of her selfless act.
"It's truly heartwarming!" a shelter spokesperson told The Dodo. "It had been a very cold night so these kittens would have had a very hard time surviving."
Aside from requiring treatment for worm and flea infections, the orphaned kittens are now safe. Just like a proud and doting mother, Serenity insisted on checking on her babies regularly to oversee their progress.
The good news is that the kittens are now living with a foster family who will care for them until they are old enough to be adopted. Serenity, on the other hand, is still looking for a family.
According to the shelter, she loves zooming around in the yard and is big on playing. She is also quite jumpy, so she would do best in a home without small children.
24．What did the passer-by see on the road?
A．A dog curled up in the snow.
B．Five kittens were in the snow alone.
C．A dog was warming five kittens in the snow.
D．A dog found a safe place to stay for the night.
25．What does the underlined word "she" in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The passer-by. B．The dog.
C．The kitten. D．The spokesperson.
26．Where is the dog Serenity now?
A．Living in the shelter. B．Being adopted by a family.
C．Staying with the kittens. D．Playing with some children.
27．What can we draw from the story?
A．Animals and humans should live in harmony.
B．A sad end can be turned into a positive one.
C．Animals have the same capability with humans.
D．Animals can feel compassion and love like humans.
C
For those who can stomach it working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.
Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However, far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.
To find out, British scientists conducted a study. They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us. They tested the men's fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples (样品) of their blood and fat tissue.
Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists' lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory, should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. Before one of these workouts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食). On the other occasion, they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.
Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the men's blood and fat tissue.
Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously, the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories (卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.
But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found. Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋白质) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.
The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.
28. The underlined expression "stomach it" in Paragraph 1 most probably means "______".
A. digest the meal easily B. manage without breakfast
C. decide wisely what to eat D. eat whatever is offered
29. Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment?
A. Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people.
B. Their lack of exercise led to overweight.
C They could walk at an average speed.
D. They had slow metabolic rates.
30. What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise?
A. They successfully lost weight. B. They consumed a bit more calories.
C. They burned more fat on average. D. They displayed higher insulin levels.
31. What could be learned from the research?
A. A workout after breakfast improves gene performances.
B. Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.
C. Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.
D. Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.
D
Hollywood's theory that machines with evil(邪恶) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics(控制论), put it this way: "If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire."
A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.
The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.
Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just "switch them off" as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility. Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, "Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine." However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced(中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction.
32. Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may .
A. run out of human control B. satisfy human's real desires
C. command armies of killer robots D. work faster than a mathematician
33. Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to .
A. prevent themselves from being destroyed
B. achieve their original goals independently
C. do anything successfully with given orders
D. beat humans in international chess matches
34. According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to .
A. help super intelligent machines work better B. be secure against evil human beings
C. keep machines from being harmed D. avoid robots' affecting the world
35. What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?
A. It will disappear with the development of AI. B. It will get worse with human interference.
C. It will be solved but with difficulty. D. It will stay for a decade.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Babies' Look Changing
Researchers show that the early social behavior called look changing is linked to babies' ability to learn new language sounds. 36 ．It is when a baby makes eye contact and then looks at the same object that the other person is looking at.
Rechel Brooks, one of the researchers, made a report, showing that babies' look changing serves as a building block(基础)for more complicated language and social skills. 37 .
In this experiment, nine 5-month-old babies from English-speaking families attended foreign language tutoring sessions. Over four weeks, the tutors talked and played with toys while speaking Spanish.
At the beginning and end of the four-week period, researchers counted how often the babies changed their look. 38 . There they tested how much Spanish language sounds.
39 . The more look changing the babies participate in during their tutoring sessions, the greater their brain response were to the Spanish language sounds.
"Our findings show young babies' social engagement contributes to their own language learning – they're not just passive listeners of language," Brooks said. "They're paying attention and showing parents they're ready to learn when they're looking back and forth." 40 .
The researchers hope their findings help people develop strategies for teaching young children.
A．That's when the most learning happens
B．These skills are what preschool children can gain
C．The results were really amazing
D．We can't imagine how look changing helps them learn so much
E.However, others may regard look changing as something useless
F.Look changing is one of the earliest social skills that babies show
G.After the experiment ended, the researchers brought the babies back to the lab
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Christmas was near a season that we took seriously in our house. But a week or so before the 25th, my father would give each of his children﹩20. This was the 1970s, and﹩20 was quite a bit of money．
But I saw it 41 ．My father trusted me to have the 42 to spend money wisely. Even better, he gave me the 43 to get it. On a very basic level ，my father was giving me a shopping spree(狂欢)every year. But he was also giving me charge over my own fun, trusting my ability to manage money and making me feel like a/an 44 . He didn't buy me Sherlock Holmes, but he gave me the means to walk into the bookstore and choose it for myself, so it felt like a gift from him．
My mother had a/an 45 for giving me what I needed, usually right at the moment I needed it most. This was when I was 25, I 46 at being an adult on my very first try. I had quitted my 47 job but had no new one. But when my mother paid me a visit, I 48 a good show, telling her I had started my own company．
My mother knew that I was trying hard and failing at that time. It wasn't until 49 she left that I noticed at the foot of my bed an envelope thick with 50 ．She knew how 51 I needed it．She knew that had she just shown up with groceries，or offer to pay my rent, she would have made me feel much 52 ．The cold，hard cash meant she was helping me. And, funnily enough, the 53 with which she gave the gift felt like she was giving me space to 54 my life and preserve my dignity．My mother and father both did the same thing. One was giving me the means to take my own decisions，and the other was giving me a second 55 when those decisions had cost me dearly．
41．A．positively B．differently C．naturally D．originally
42．A．intelligence B．passion C．power D．potential
43．A．courage B．suggestions C．discipline D．means
44．A．grown-up B．teenager C．Adventurer D．pioneer
45．A．habit B．gift C．approach D．tradition
46．A．failed B．fooled C．dropped D．fell
47．A．important B．creative C．challenging D．previous
48．A．put on B．put away C．put off D．put forward
49．A．before B．after C．when D．as
50．A．credit B．loans C．receipts D．cash
51．A．desperately B．hardly C．eventually D．accurately
52．A．better B．more C．less D．worse
53．A．decoration B．love C．distance D．method
54．A．defend B．equip C．fix D．develop
55．A．solution B．chance C．visit D．assistance
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5 分, 满分15 分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Up to 82 percent of children with healthy mothers are not easy to be obese(肥胖的), according to research. A mother, 56． has a healthy weight, exercises regularly, eats a healthy diet, doesn't smoke and only 57． (drink) wine in moderation, is significantly less likely 58． (have)a fat child, scientists say.
And research suggests it could be more to do with nurture(养育) 59． nature, as a mother's lifestyle appears 60． (direct) linked to the health of her child. When both mother and child follow a healthy lifestyle, the risk of obesity 61． (reduce)even more, the study of more than 24,000 children found.
The study examined the medical history and lifestyles of more than 24,000 children aged nine 62． fourteen, born to almost 17,000 women in the US. Researchers looked at the link between overall mother health and likelihood of a child 63． (be) obese.
The mother's health was judged on her height-to-weight ratio(比例), her diet, amount of physical 64． (active), smoking status and how much alcohol she drank. A healthy weight and diet, regular exercise, no smoking and moderate drinking all reduce the chance of a woman having 65． obese child.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
1．假定你是红星中学高(1)班的学生李华， 你的英国笔友Chris刚刚转学到新学校， 感到切都很陌生，他在邮件中向你询问如何尽快融入新环境。请你根据以下信息回信：
1、多跟同学交流沟通：2、积极参加学校活动：3、向老师寻求帮助。
注意: 1、词数80左右;
2、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
I went up to the roof for a break after studying for an hour and watched the 50 or so people swimming in the natural rock pool below our house. It was a sunny day--a blue, cloudless sky over a calm sea. But then, as I looked in the distance, I discovered three or four big waves heading towards the shore. I'd seen these mini-tsunamis(海啸) many times before. They were heading at speed in the direction of the pool. Most people knew how to look out for them, but from the screams that started coming from the beach, I could tell someone was in trouble.
Without thinking, I ran down into the street, holding my body board(俯伏冲浪板) on the way and shouted at a stranger to go inside my house and call the coastguard. My neighbor Moises had heard the screaming as well and was also outside with his body board, so together we rushed to the steps that led down to the sea.
Once we got closer, we discovered the waves had pulled a boy and a girl from the pool and into the open sea. I knew that the nearest boat would take at least 30 minutes to reach us. Waiting for help wasn't a choice. I wasn't used to this sort of emergency--I'd never been trained as a lifeguard-but I didn't think twice about trying to save them. I supposed in a way I wanted to impress everyone: at 19, a deal like that can seem like a good opportunity to show off.
Moises and I dived into the water and it took us 10 minutes to get to them. When we finally reached them, they were almost lifeless with only their heads coming in and out of the water. We could tell they were still alive from their small breaths but it was clear they wouldn't have been able to stay there much longer. I held the boy and pulled him over my board. Moises moved the girl onto his board. We discussed pushing them back to the shore, but we were too far out.
注意：
1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1:
We had to wait.___________________________
Paragraph 2:
That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in good condition. ____________
冬学竞赛参考答案
听力：1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. C
11. A 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. C 16. A 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C
阅读：21．D 22．B 23．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个适合孩子在家学习的活动。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中This Test Tube Experiment Kit will make you feel like a genius in no time. Kids will get the chance to learn about basic chemistry, physics, and more by creating pop-resistant bubbles, bouncy balls, and other objects.(这个试管实验包会让你立刻觉得自己是个天才。孩子们将有机会学习基本的化学，物理，和更多的通过创造抗爆气泡，弹力球，和其他物体)以及文章第三段中A great way start your child's educational space adventure is with this Real Life Sticker and Activity Book.(你开始教育孩子关于太空冒险的方式是通过Real Life Sticker and Activity Book。)以及第四段中This 4D Great White Shark Anatomy Kit allows you to get an inside look at what makes these predators of the deep so powerful. And then take an even deeper dive into a shark's world with I Am Shark.(这4D大白鲨解剖工具包让你深入了解是什么让这些深海捕食者如此强大。然后和《我是鲨鱼》一起更深入地探索鲨鱼的世界。)由此可知，这三个活动都给孩子推荐了学习资源。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中There are so many fun and fascinating things to learn about space that the possibilities truly go to infinity and beyond. A great way start yourchild's educational space adventure is with this Real Life Sticker and Activity Book. 关于太空，有很多有趣而迷人的东西值得我们去了解，因此太空的可能性真的可以无限延伸。你开始教育孩子关于太空冒险的方式是通过Real Life Sticker and Activity Book。由此可知，只有Real Life Slicker and Activity Book是关于太空的，故可能会吸引会对星星感兴趣的孩子。故选B.
23．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中Being stuck at home doesn't mean that learning stops. In fact, it's just the opposite. Here are some activities and resources to foster kids' imagination and build their curiosity at home. 被困在家里并不意味着学习停止。事实上，恰恰相反。这里有一些活动和资源来培养孩子们的想象力和建立他们的好奇心。故判断出这三个活动的共同目的是激起孩子的学习兴趣。故选D。
24．C 25．B 26．A 27．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了在加拿大安大略省的一个寒冷的夜晚，路人在路上看到了一只狗在雪地里给五只小猫取暖的故事。这只狗本来可以找到一个更安全的地方过夜，但她选择不仅帮助自己，也帮助其他流浪动物。让人感悟到动物可以和人一样感受到同情和爱。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段When she approached the pup, she discovered that she wasn't alone-she was cuddling five orphaned black kittens to keep them warm.可知当她走近这只小狗时，她发现自己并不孤单——她依偎着五只失去父母的黑猫宝宝给它们取暖。由此可知，路人在路上看到了一只狗在雪地里给五只小猫取暖。故选C。
25．词义猜测题。根据后文was cuddling five orphaned black kittens to keep them warm.可知路人走近这只小狗时，她发现自己并不孤单——她(狗)依偎着五只失去父母的黑猫宝宝给它们取暖。由此可知，she此处指的是给小猫取暖的狗。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Serenity, on the other hand, is still looking for a family.可知另一方面，Serenity仍在寻找一个家庭。由此可知，小狗Serenity现在住在收容所里。故选A。
27．推理判断题。根据文章第一段Compassion and love are concepts that are often thought to be felt by humans only. As the most intelligent creatures to ever walk the earth, we tend to assume that we are the only ones who can feel emotions. We forget that the speechless beings who live here with us—animals—also have the same capability.可知同情和爱通常被认为是只有人类才能感受到的概念。作为地球上有史以来最聪明的生物，我们往往认为自己是唯一能感知情感的人。我们忘记了与我们生活在一起的无语的生灵——动物——也有同样的能力。结合文章主要讲述了小狗Serenity被路人发现给五只失去父母的黑猫宝宝取暖的故事，由此可推知，我们能从这个故事中了解到动物可以像人类一样感受到同情和爱。故选D。
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. B 31. D
【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first可知，早餐前锻炼可能比先吃饭再锻炼对健康更有益，因此推断这里说的是那些不吃早饭先锻炼的人，因此推断划线词与B项"不吃早饭能应付"意思相近。故选B。
【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are far better and worse, representative of those of most of us.可知，他们首先找到了10个超重的，不活跃但健康的年轻人，他们的生活方式可以说更好，也可以说更糟，代表了我们大多数人。因此可知，实验时选择的10个人的生活方式代表了普通人。选A。
【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段的As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand. they burned slightly more calories(卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.可知，结果，他们空腹散步时燃烧的脂肪比他们首先吃东西时所燃烧的脂肪要多。 另一方面。平均而言，他们在早餐后锻炼时燃烧的卡路里略多于禁食后。因此可知，锻炼前吃早饭消耗更多一点的热量。故选B。
【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.可知，这些结果的暗示，为了从运动中获得最大的健康益处，先不吃东西可能更明智。因此推断早饭前的体育锻炼对健康更有益。
32 A 33 A 34 D 35 C
32.推理判斷题。根据第一段 The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want.可知人工智能可能会现的真正问题是AI会非常擅长取得某个成就而不是我们真正想要的东西，也就是说AI可能会超出人的控制去倣一些事情，故选A。
33.推理判断题。根据第二段第一句A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence.可知，原因是保护它自己的存在的一种愿望，也就是说，它具有有生命的物体的一种品质是因为它要保护自己不被破坏，继续存在下去，故选A。
34.推理判断题。根据第三段using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world.可知可以用防火墙来回答那些困难的问题但是却永远不要让他们影响这个真正的现实世界，故选D。
35.推理判断题。根据最后一段Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy.可知作者认为解决人工智能机器的安全问题是可能的，但是并不容易，也就是很困难，故选C。
七选五： 36．F 37．B 38．G 39．C 40．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了婴儿的表情变化对语言学习的影响。
36．根据上文所说："研究人员表明，被称为表情变化的早期的社会行为与婴儿学习新语言声音的能力有关。"所以可以知下文"表情变化是婴儿最早展示的社交技能之一。"因为表情变化是早期的社会行为，所以这也就是婴儿最早展示的社交技能之一。上下文有因果关系。故选F。
37．根据上文说："婴儿的表情变化是更复杂的语言和社交技能的基础。"可知下文："这些技能是学龄前儿童可以获得的。"这里的these skills指代的就是上文中的"more complicated language and social skills"。要注意代词的指代作用。故选B。
38．根据下文说"在那里，他们测试了西班牙语的发音。"可知上文："实验结束后，研究人员把婴儿带回实验室。"下文中的"there"就是指上文G选项中的"the lab"。也就是在实验室进行的实验。故选G。
39．本段是给先前做的实验以结论。先说："结果是非常令人吃惊的。"然后再得出结论："在他们的辅导课程中，婴儿参与的表情变化越多，他们的大脑对西班牙语声音的反应就越大。"故选C。
40．根据上文说："研究表明：当婴儿们左顾右盼的时候，他们正在关注，并向父母展示他们准备好学习了。"下文对上文作进一步解释："那就是大多数学习发生的时候。"此处的"that"就是指上文的"when they're looking back and forth."。故选A。
41．B 42．A 43．D 44．A 45．B 46．A 47．D 48．A 49．B 50．D
51．A 52．D 53．C 54．C 55．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者从讲述圣诞节父母给自己的不同礼物，说到父母对自己伟大的、理智的爱让作者在成长的过程中越来越坚强。父亲教会他做决定的方法，母亲在他因所做决定损失惨重时给予帮助，让他再一次拥有机会。
41．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是我的看法不同。A. positively乐观地；B. differently不同地；C. naturally自然地；D. originally最初地。结合下文父亲充分相信作者和本句but可知作者并不认为20美元是孩子不能花的巨额现金，故选B项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父亲相信我有明智花钱的智慧。A. intelligence 智慧；B. passion热情；C. power权力；D. potential潜力。由本句的wisely判断此处用"智慧"符合语境，故选A项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：更好的是，他教我方法来获得它。A. courage勇气；B. suggestions建议；C. discipline纪律；D. means方法。根据下文的"but he gave me the means to walk into the bookstore and choose it for myself, "可知，作者的父亲通过让作者自己选书的方法获得20美元，故此处用"方法"符合语境，且根据下文" he gave me the means"可知，means是原词复现，故选D项。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是他让我自己找乐子，相信我有管理钱的能力，并且让我感到自己像一个成人。A. grown-up成人；B. teenager青少年；C. adventurer冒险者；D. pioneer先驱。根据上文"he was also giving me charge over my own fun, trusting my ability to manage money"可知，作者的父亲相信他可以管理好自己的钱，让作者觉得自己长大了，故用"成人"符合语境，故选A项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈在送我东西方面有天赋，她总是在我恰好需要的时刻把东西送给我。A. habit习惯；B. gift天赋，礼物；C. approach途径；D. tradition传统。根据下文的"at the moment I needed it most"可推测作者的妈妈擅长送礼物，故此处用"有天赋"符合语境，have a gift for在某方面有天赋，故选B项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是我25岁的时候，我作为成人的第一次尝试失败了。A. failed失败；B. fooled愚弄；C. dropped下降；D. fell落下。根据下文的"I had quitted my ___7___job but had no new one. "可知，作者辞去了工作，而且暂时没有新工作，故此处用"失败"符合语境，下文中的"failing "也是提示，故选A项。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我已经辞去我之前的工作，但是还没有新工作。A. important重要的；B. creative创造性的；C. challenging具有挑战的；D. previous从前的。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者辞掉了之前的工作，故选D项。
48．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是当妈妈来看我时，我上演了一出好戏，告诉她我已近开了自己的公司。A. put on上演；B. put away方在一边，收好；C. put off推迟；D. put forward提出。结合下文"a good show, telling her I had started my own company"可知，此处是指作者骗妈妈说自己开了公司，故用"上演一出好戏"符合语境，故选A项。
49．考查连词词义辨析。句意：直到她离开之后我才发现床脚下有个厚厚的装着现金的信封。A. before在……之前；B. after在……之后；C. when当；D. as当，随着，因为。结合上下文可知，作者的妈妈为了不让他感到尴尬，所以把装钱的信封藏在床脚下，因此推测作者是在妈妈走后才发现的，故选B项。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. credit信用卡；B. loans贷款；C. receipts收据；D. cash现金。根据下文的"The cold, hard cash meant she was helping me."可知，作者的妈妈提供现金来帮助他，故此处用"现金"符合语境，且cash是原词复现，故选D项。
51．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她知道我有多迫切地需要那些钱。A. desperately迫切地；B. hardly几乎不；C. eventually最后；D. accurately准确地。根据前文的"I had quitted my ___7___job but had no new one. "可知作者当时没有工作，所以推测他迫切需要钱，故选A项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她知道，如果她带着东西出现，或者主动为我交房租，她会让我感到更糟糕。A. better更好的；B. more更多的；C. less更少的；D. worse更糟糕的。根据前文的"I had quitted my ___7___job but had no new one. "可知作者当时没有工作，故推测他心情不好，如果妈妈再帮他交房租，会让他更难受，故选D项。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有趣的是，她给礼物的距离感让我觉得她是在给我空间来修复我的生活和保持我的尊严。A. decoration装饰；B. love爱；C. distance距离；D. method方法。上文说作者的母亲偷偷地把一沓现金放在床脚下，而不是当面把钱给作者，这种刻意保持的"距离"既顾全了他的面子又帮到了他，故推测此处用"距离感"符合语境，故选C项。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. defend防御；B. equip配备；C. fix修复；D. develop发展。结合上下文可知作者当时在工作上失败了，故推测妈妈用这样的方式来帮助他，让他觉得有空间调整自己(修复自己的生活)，进而让自己的生活向着好的方向发展，故选C项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个教我自己做决定的方法，另一个在我因所做决定损失惨重时给予帮助，让我再一次拥有机会。A. solution解决方案；B. chance机会；C. visit拜访；D. assistance协助。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者的妈妈给他提供帮助，让他有机会可以恢复，故选B项。
56．who 57．drinks 58．to have 59．than 60．directly
61．is reduced 62．to 63．being 64．activity 65．an
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现健康的体重和饮食，定期锻炼，不吸烟以及适度饮酒都能降低女性生肥胖孩子的几率。
56．考查定语从句。句意：专家称，一个体重正常、经常锻炼、饮食健康、不吸烟、适量饮酒的母亲生出肥胖孩子的可能性要小得多。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词为mother，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故填who。
57．考查主谓一致和时态。句意参考上题解析。此处与has，exercises和eats等作并列谓语，时态为一般现在时，应该用第三人称单数形式，故填drinks。
58．考查不定式。句意参考第1题解析。be likely to do表示"可能做某事"，故填to have。
59．考查介词。句意：研究表明，这可能更多地与后天因素有关，而不是先天因素，因为母亲的生活方式似乎与孩子的健康直接相关。根据前面的"more"判断此处用than表示比较，故填than。
60．考查副词。句意参考上题解析。修饰linked用副词，故填directly。
61．考查时态和语态。句意：这项对24,000名儿童进行的研究发现，当母亲和孩子都遵循健康的生活方式时，肥胖的风险甚至会降低更多。描述的是客观事实，he risk of obesity与reduce之间是被动关系，应该用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is reduced。
62．考查介词。这项研究调查了美国近17,000名妇女所生的24,000多名9到14岁的儿童的病史和生活方式。from…to…表示"从……到"，故填to。
63．考查分词作定语。句意：研究人员研究了母亲的整体健康状况与孩子肥胖的可能性之间的关系。child是逻辑主语，空格处作介词of的宾语用动名词，故填being。
64．考查名词。句意：母亲的健康状况由身高体重比、饮食、运动量、吸烟情况和饮酒量等因素决定。此处的运动表示抽象意义，不可数，故填activity。
65．考查冠词。句意：健康的体重和饮食，定期锻炼，不吸烟以及适度饮酒都能降低女性生一个肥胖孩子的几率。此处泛指一个肥胖的孩子，obese以元音音素开头，故填an。
应用文写作：
Dear Chris,
I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble fitting in at your new school. Such problems are quite normal. Perhaps the following suggestions may be helpful.
First, I think you may need to communicate with your classmates as much as possible. In this way, you will get to know each other better. Second, it might be a good idea for you to take part in more activities, which usually involve teamwork and interactions with other students and are therefore good for developing friendly relationships. Lastly, faced with some tough problems, you might consider asking your teachers, who can usually offer you some sensible suggestions.
I sincerely hope my advice will be of help to you. If there is anything more I can do to help, please let me know.
Yours ，
Li Hua
[读后续写]参考答案
We had to wait. We eagerly hoping for the arrival of the saving boat. The wild wind blew and the freezing sea water clapped our bodies continuously. 30 minutes seemed much longer as we just helplessly floated on the boundless sea. After a long time, a light spot appeared in the distance! We waved our hands and yelled out for help. The boat finally reached us and took all of us back to the shore. The two children were immediately sent to the nearest hospital.
That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in good condition. Picturing what the merry scene would be, relief lay in my heart and happiness etched on my face. The next morning, all the people I met smiled to me and could not stop praising me. It seemed like a good opportunity to show myself off, but I didn't mean to. In fact, I was ashamed I had thought about it. It occurred to me that helping others was priceless and everyone should be a lifeguard.
【解析】本文以事件发展为线索展开。作者在一次海啸中，意外发现了有人遇到危险，于是和邻居一起前往救助。作者当时在某种程度上，是想给每个人留下深刻印象：19岁时，这似乎是一个很好的炫耀机会。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段内容"我们必须等……"可知应该写等待的过程，要详细地描述作者他们等待的心情和当时海面的变化，以及最终获救……
②由第二段内容"那天晚上，医院传来消息说，这两个人的身体状况良好。"可知本段应该描写我对这次营救别人的心理变化和感悟。文章最后提到帮助别人是无价的，每个人都应该成为一名救生员。
2. 续写线索：救援遇险——等待援助——获得援助——事后感悟。
第一节
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例如，现在, 你有5秒钟的时间看试卷上的例题，
你将听到以下内容：
M: Excuse me, can you tell me how much the shirt is?
W: Yes, it’s nine fifteen.
你将有5秒钟的时间将正确答案标在试卷上。衬衫的价格为9镑15便士。所以，你选择B项，并将其划在试卷上。
现在, 你有5秒钟的时间阅读第1小题的有关内容。
(Text 1)
W: Our supplier has decided to raise their prices. You have to look at some other companies to lower our costs.
M: OK, but I need to finish these monthly reports before I start anything else.
(Text 2)
W: I ordered the food for the lunch meeting. The restaurant will get it ready at 11:30.
M: We’ve just rescheduled the meeting for 12:00. Please call the restaurant back and ask them to bring the food an hour after the rescheduled meeting time.
(Text 3)
W: I’m leaving the office early today. My mother is ill and I should take her to the clinic. Could you send this package for me?
M: Sure. You can take my car.
(Text 4)
W: How did you enjoy your travel to Italy?
M: Oh, I liked it very much. The food was good and I visited many beautiful places. But the weather was a little cold in the north and I didn’t like it.
(Text 5)
M: You should get some rest. You’ve already mixed up the orders of two customers.
W: I know. I also knocked over a cup of coffee on a lady.
M: You’ve been working too hard. Why don’t you ask the manager for the afternoon off?
W: Well, I’ll go and talk to him right away.
第一节到此结束。
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。
(Text 6)
M: I’m going to a rock concert in the park on Saturday. It’s free. And how about you?
W: I think I will study first. I want to finish my homework in the morning. And Brian and I are going to see a basketball game in the afternoon.
M: And what are you going to do on Sunday?
W: Brian’s going to visit his mother in the hospital. But I’m not going to do anything really. Maybe I’ll read a book at home.
M: Well, I’m going to have some friends over for a barbecue in my back garden. Would you like to come?
W: Thanks. I’d love to.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。
(Text 7)
M: Have you seen my new computer?
W: It looks good — the latest stylish mouse and a really nice keyboard. It’s quite a big screen. Your old one was much smaller. When did you buy it?
M: A few days ago, so I’m sure there’ll be many new things to learn about. Now the only thing is, one of the keys I use a lot is in a different position from the keyboard I had before, so I have to take my eyes off the screen and look down to press it.
W: I’m sure it’ll be easy to use soon.
M: I think so. And I like it very much.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。
(Text 8)
M: Hello, this is Richard Cooper. I applied for a position of a sales representative a week ago. I am calling to see if the position has been filled.
W: Oh, Mr. Cooper. In fact, I was just about to call you because you are one of the applicants we’ve selected for an interview. Could you come in this week, sometime between Tuesday and Thursday?
M: Sure, Tuesday would work best for me. How about 10?
W: That will be OK. Please remember that there won’t be anyone at the reception desk, so come straight to room B and ask to speak to Victoria Smith.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。
(Text 9)
W: OK, sir. I’ll just fill out this form for you. So what date do you want to book this for?
M: The 16th of October — oh, sorry, that’s my departure date. My plane arrives on the 17th, so book it for the 17th, please.
W: So, that’s the Toronto Airport Shuttle to Milton. And you said your expected time of arrival was 11:30? So if I book your bus for after 12:00 — let’s say, 12:30, that should give you plenty of time to collect your luggage, maybe have a coffee?
M: Yeah, that sounds fine.
W: So, what sort of ticket do you want?
M: One way. I can book the return trip once I’m there.
W: No problem. Just allow a couple days in advance to make sure you get a seat. And what’s your name, please?
M: Peter Thomson.
W: OK, and you’ll be coming from the U.K.? What flight will you be traveling on?
M: Oh, it’s Air Canada flight number AC936, from London Heathrow.
W: Right. So I’ll book you a one way ticket at 12:30 on the 17th of October from the Toronto Airport to Milton.
M: Yes. That’s right.
W: OK. Have a good trip.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。
(Text 10)
W: Hi, I’d like to tell you an interesting experience. It happened two years ago. A man named Charles Fagin from a Hollywood film studio came to me and said my house looked perfect for a film he was working on. He asked me if I’d be interested in renting it out for a few weeks.
The money he offered was attractive, but there was one more thing. They’d dig up my lovely garden. I was a little hesitant. But finally I agreed.
Fagin told me they’d paint some rooms, but he promised they’d repaint them after the shoot, and they’d fix anything they damaged. Preparation on the house began a month before the film shoot. The crew painted the living room grey. They brought in a larger sofa and dug holes in the ceiling for the lights.
For the film shoot, which took place over four days, I agreed to be out of my house, staying with my relatives. Fortunately for me, the shoot went well. The scenic painters’ attempt at repainting my living room before they left were so poor that I ended up painting it again myself.
冬学竞赛英语
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19.15.
B. ￡9.15.
C. ￡9.18.
答案是B。
1. What will the man do first?
A. Learn more about prices. B. Find a supplier. C. Do reports.
2. When will the meeting be held?
A. At 11:30. B. At 12:00. C. At 1:00.
3. Why is the woman leaving work early?
A. To take care of her mother. B. To post a package. C. To pick up a car.
4. What are the speakers talking about in general?
A. A trip. B. Food. C. The weather.
5. What relation is the man to the woman?
A. Her customer. B. Her co-worker. C. Her boss.
第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What will the woman do on Saturday afternoon?
A. Do her homework. B. Enjoy a concert. C. Watch a game.
7. Where will the woman go on Sunday?
A. To a park. B. To a hospital. C. To the man’s house.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。
8. What is the woman’s opinion about the computer screen?
A. Big. B. Nice. C. Stylish.
9. What brings the man a bit of trouble?
A. The screen. B. The keyboard. C. The mouse.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What is the purpose of the call?
A. To accept a position.
B. To advertise a job opening.
C. To check on a job application.
11. For what day is the man’s appointment scheduled?
A. Tuesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
12. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Call her later.
B. Meet with Victoria Smith.
C. Wait at the front desk.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. Which city does the man book a shuttle bus for?
A. London. B. Milton. C. Toronto.
14. What is the woman doing?
A. Taking the man’s information.
B. Offering the flight timetable.
C. Conducting an interview.
15. When will the man probably leave for Milton?
A. At 11:30. B. At 12:00. C. At 12:30.
16. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. Book his return ticket in advance.
B. Collect his luggage first.
C. Have some coffee.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. Why did Fagin come to the speaker?
A. To rent her house. B. To buy her house. C. To decorate her house.
18. Why was the speaker hesitant about Fagin’s offer?
A. She disliked him.
B. The money was not much.
C. They’d damage some of her belongings.
19. How long did it take to prepare the house for the film?
A. Four days. B. A month. C. Two months.
20. What did the speaker do when the crew left?
A. She watched a film. B. She visited her relatives. C. She repainted the living room.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Being stuck at home doesn't mean that learning stops. In fact, it's just the opposite. Here are some activities and resources to foster kids' imagination and build their curiosity at home.
Let's Get Down to the Science
The science lab at school may be closed, but you can still put on goggles and a white lab coat and learn at home. This Test Tube Experiment Kit will make you feel like a genius in no time. Kids will get the chance to learn about basic chemistry, physics, and more by creating pop-resistant bubbles, bouncy balls, and other objects.
To Infinity(无穷)and Beyond
Earth is a part of the Milky Way galaxy, but did you know there are around 100 million galaxies in the universe? There are so many fun and fascinating things to learn about space that the possibilities truly go to infinity and beyond. A great way start your child's educational space adventure is with this Real Life Sticker and Activity Book.
Take a Walk on the Wild Side
Biology class is in session! Here's your chance to get up close and personal with a great white shark without putting on a wetsuit. This 4D Great White Shark Anatomy Kit allows you to get an inside look at what makes these predators of the deep so powerful. And then take an even deeper dive into a shark's world with I Am Shark .
Take advantage of this time at home and find new ways to keep exploring the world around you.
21．What is common among these activities above?
A．They are all performed outdoors.
B．They are all associated with physics.
C．They are all carried out by the way of experimenting.
D．They all recommend some resources for kids to study.
22．Which book favors children interested in stars?
A．This Test Tube Experiment Kit. B．Real Life Slicker and Activity Book.
C．4D Great White Shark Anatomy Kit. D．I Am Shark .
23．The shared goal of the activities is to .
A．gain financial benefits B．save kids from boredom
C．explore new technologies D．inspire kids to study at home
B
Compassion and love are concepts that are often thought to be felt by humans only. As the most intelligent creatures to ever walk the earth, we tend to assume that we are the only ones who can feel emotions. We forget that the speechless beings who live here with us—animals—also have the same capability.
During a cold night in Ontario, Canada, a passer-by spotted something on the side of the road that made her stop -a shaking dog curled up in the snow.
When she approached the pup, she discovered that she wasn't alone—she was cuddling five orphaned black kittens to keep them warm.
The dog surely could have found a safer place to stay for the night, but she chose instead to help not just herself but other stray animals as well.
The Good Samaritan called Pet and Wildlife Rescue and an animal control officer picked them up. When they got to the shelter, it was apparent that a close bond had already been formed between the dog and the orphaned kittens. The staff decided to name the kind dog Serenity in honor of her selfless act.
"It's truly heartwarming!" a shelter spokesperson told The Dodo. "It had been a very cold night so these kittens would have had a very hard time surviving."
Aside from requiring treatment for worm and flea infections, the orphaned kittens are now safe. Just like a proud and doting mother, Serenity insisted on checking on her babies regularly to oversee their progress.
The good news is that the kittens are now living with a foster family who will care for them until they are old enough to be adopted. Serenity, on the other hand, is still looking for a family.
According to the shelter, she loves zooming around in the yard and is big on playing. She is also quite jumpy, so she would do best in a home without small children.
24．What did the passer-by see on the road?
A．A dog curled up in the snow.
B．Five kittens were in the snow alone.
C．A dog was warming five kittens in the snow.
D．A dog found a safe place to stay for the night.
25．What does the underlined word "she" in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The passer-by. B．The dog.
C．The kitten. D．The spokesperson.
26．Where is the dog Serenity now?
A．Living in the shelter. B．Being adopted by a family.
C．Staying with the kittens. D．Playing with some children.
27．What can we draw from the story?
A．Animals and humans should live in harmony.
B．A sad end can be turned into a positive one.
C．Animals have the same capability with humans.
D．Animals can feel compassion and love like humans.
C
For those who can stomach it working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.
Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However, far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.
To find out, British scientists conducted a study. They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us. They tested the men's fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples (样品) of their blood and fat tissue.
Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists' lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory, should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. Before one of these workouts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食). On the other occasion, they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.
Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the men's blood and fat tissue.
Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously, the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories (卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.
But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found. Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋白质) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.
The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.
28. The underlined expression "stomach it" in Paragraph 1 most probably means "______".
A. digest the meal easily B. manage without breakfast
C. decide wisely what to eat D. eat whatever is offered
29. Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment?
A. Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people.
B. Their lack of exercise led to overweight.
C They could walk at an average speed.
D. They had slow metabolic rates.
30. What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise?
A. They successfully lost weight. B. They consumed a bit more calories.
C. They burned more fat on average. D. They displayed higher insulin levels.
31. What could be learned from the research?
A. A workout after breakfast improves gene performances.
B. Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.
C. Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.
D. Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.
D
Hollywood's theory that machines with evil(邪恶) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics(控制论), put it this way: "If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire."
A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.
The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.
Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just "switch them off" as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility. Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, "Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine." However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced(中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction.
32. Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may .
A. run out of human control B. satisfy human's real desires
C. command armies of killer robots D. work faster than a mathematician
33. Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to .
A. prevent themselves from being destroyed
B. achieve their original goals independently
C. do anything successfully with given orders
D. beat humans in international chess matches
34. According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to .
A. help super intelligent machines work better B. be secure against evil human beings
C. keep machines from being harmed D. avoid robots' affecting the world
35. What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?
A. It will disappear with the development of AI. B. It will get worse with human interference.
C. It will be solved but with difficulty. D. It will stay for a decade.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Babies' Look Changing
Researchers show that the early social behavior called look changing is linked to babies' ability to learn new language sounds. 36 ．It is when a baby makes eye contact and then looks at the same object that the other person is looking at.
Rechel Brooks, one of the researchers, made a report, showing that babies' look changing serves as a building block(基础)for more complicated language and social skills. 37 .
In this experiment, nine 5-month-old babies from English-speaking families attended foreign language tutoring sessions. Over four weeks, the tutors talked and played with toys while speaking Spanish.
At the beginning and end of the four-week period, researchers counted how often the babies changed their look. 38 . There they tested how much Spanish language sounds.
39 . The more look changing the babies participate in during their tutoring sessions, the greater their brain response were to the Spanish language sounds.
"Our findings show young babies' social engagement contributes to their own language learning – they're not just passive listeners of language," Brooks said. "They're paying attention and showing parents they're ready to learn when they're looking back and forth." 40 .
The researchers hope their findings help people develop strategies for teaching young children.
A．That's when the most learning happens
B．These skills are what preschool children can gain
C．The results were really amazing
D．We can't imagine how look changing helps them learn so much
E.However, others may regard look changing as something useless
F.Look changing is one of the earliest social skills that babies show
G.After the experiment ended, the researchers brought the babies back to the lab
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Christmas was near a season that we took seriously in our house. But a week or so before the 25th, my father would give each of his children﹩20. This was the 1970s, and﹩20 was quite a bit of money．
But I saw it 41 ．My father trusted me to have the 42 to spend money wisely. Even better, he gave me the 43 to get it. On a very basic level ，my father was giving me a shopping spree(狂欢)every year. But he was also giving me charge over my own fun, trusting my ability to manage money and making me feel like a/an 44 . He didn't buy me Sherlock Holmes, but he gave me the means to walk into the bookstore and choose it for myself, so it felt like a gift from him．
My mother had a/an 45 for giving me what I needed, usually right at the moment I needed it most. This was when I was 25, I 46 at being an adult on my very first try. I had quitted my 47 job but had no new one. But when my mother paid me a visit, I 48 a good show, telling her I had started my own company．
My mother knew that I was trying hard and failing at that time. It wasn't until 49 she left that I noticed at the foot of my bed an envelope thick with 50 ．She knew how 51 I needed it．She knew that had she just shown up with groceries，or offer to pay my rent, she would have made me feel much 52 ．The cold，hard cash meant she was helping me. And, funnily enough, the 53 with which she gave the gift felt like she was giving me space to 54 my life and preserve my dignity．My mother and father both did the same thing. One was giving me the means to take my own decisions，and the other was giving me a second 55 when those decisions had cost me dearly．
41．A．positively B．differently C．naturally D．originally
42．A．intelligence B．passion C．power D．potential
43．A．courage B．suggestions C．discipline D．means
44．A．grown-up B．teenager C．Adventurer D．pioneer
45．A．habit B．gift C．approach D．tradition
46．A．failed B．fooled C．dropped D．fell
47．A．important B．creative C．challenging D．previous
48．A．put on B．put away C．put off D．put forward
49．A．before B．after C．when D．as
50．A．credit B．loans C．receipts D．cash
51．A．desperately B．hardly C．eventually D．accurately
52．A．better B．more C．less D．worse
53．A．decoration B．love C．distance D．method
54．A．defend B．equip C．fix D．develop
55．A．solution B．chance C．visit D．assistance
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5 分, 满分15 分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Up to 82 percent of children with healthy mothers are not easy to be obese(肥胖的), according to research. A mother, 56． has a healthy weight, exercises regularly, eats a healthy diet, doesn't smoke and only 57． (drink) wine in moderation, is significantly less likely 58． (have)a fat child, scientists say.
And research suggests it could be more to do with nurture(养育) 59． nature, as a mother's lifestyle appears 60． (direct) linked to the health of her child. When both mother and child follow a healthy lifestyle, the risk of obesity 61． (reduce)even more, the study of more than 24,000 children found.
The study examined the medical history and lifestyles of more than 24,000 children aged nine 62． fourteen, born to almost 17,000 women in the US. Researchers looked at the link between overall mother health and likelihood of a child 63． (be) obese.
The mother's health was judged on her height-to-weight ratio(比例), her diet, amount of physical 64． (active), smoking status and how much alcohol she drank. A healthy weight and diet, regular exercise, no smoking and moderate drinking all reduce the chance of a woman having 65． obese child.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
1．假定你是红星中学高(1)班的学生李华， 你的英国笔友Chris刚刚转学到新学校， 感到切都很陌生，他在邮件中向你询问如何尽快融入新环境。请你根据以下信息回信：
1、多跟同学交流沟通：2、积极参加学校活动：3、向老师寻求帮助。
注意: 1、词数80左右;
2、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
I went up to the roof for a break after studying for an hour and watched the 50 or so people swimming in the natural rock pool below our house. It was a sunny day--a blue, cloudless sky over a calm sea. But then, as I looked in the distance, I discovered three or four big waves heading towards the shore. I'd seen these mini-tsunamis(海啸) many times before. They were heading at speed in the direction of the pool. Most people knew how to look out for them, but from the screams that started coming from the beach, I could tell someone was in trouble.
Without thinking, I ran down into the street, holding my body board(俯伏冲浪板) on the way and shouted at a stranger to go inside my house and call the coastguard. My neighbor Moises had heard the screaming as well and was also outside with his body board, so together we rushed to the steps that led down to the sea.
Once we got closer, we discovered the waves had pulled a boy and a girl from the pool and into the open sea. I knew that the nearest boat would take at least 30 minutes to reach us. Waiting for help wasn't a choice. I wasn't used to this sort of emergency--I'd never been trained as a lifeguard-but I didn't think twice about trying to save them. I supposed in a way I wanted to impress everyone: at 19, a deal like that can seem like a good opportunity to show off.
Moises and I dived into the water and it took us 10 minutes to get to them. When we finally reached them, they were almost lifeless with only their heads coming in and out of the water. We could tell they were still alive from their small breaths but it was clear they wouldn't have been able to stay there much longer. I held the boy and pulled him over my board. Moises moved the girl onto his board. We discussed pushing them back to the shore, but we were too far out.
注意：
1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1:
We had to wait.___________________________
Paragraph 2:
That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in good condition. ____________
冬学竞赛参考答案
听力：1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. C
11. A 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. C 16. A 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C
阅读：21．D 22．B 23．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个适合孩子在家学习的活动。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中This Test Tube Experiment Kit will make you feel like a genius in no time. Kids will get the chance to learn about basic chemistry, physics, and more by creating pop-resistant bubbles, bouncy balls, and other objects.(这个试管实验包会让你立刻觉得自己是个天才。孩子们将有机会学习基本的化学，物理，和更多的通过创造抗爆气泡，弹力球，和其他物体)以及文章第三段中A great way start your child's educational space adventure is with this Real Life Sticker and Activity Book.(你开始教育孩子关于太空冒险的方式是通过Real Life Sticker and Activity Book。)以及第四段中This 4D Great White Shark Anatomy Kit allows you to get an inside look at what makes these predators of the deep so powerful. And then take an even deeper dive into a shark's world with I Am Shark.(这4D大白鲨解剖工具包让你深入了解是什么让这些深海捕食者如此强大。然后和《我是鲨鱼》一起更深入地探索鲨鱼的世界。)由此可知，这三个活动都给孩子推荐了学习资源。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中There are so many fun and fascinating things to learn about space that the possibilities truly go to infinity and beyond. A great way start yourchild's educational space adventure is with this Real Life Sticker and Activity Book. 关于太空，有很多有趣而迷人的东西值得我们去了解，因此太空的可能性真的可以无限延伸。你开始教育孩子关于太空冒险的方式是通过Real Life Sticker and Activity Book。由此可知，只有Real Life Slicker and Activity Book是关于太空的，故可能会吸引会对星星感兴趣的孩子。故选B.
23．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中Being stuck at home doesn't mean that learning stops. In fact, it's just the opposite. Here are some activities and resources to foster kids' imagination and build their curiosity at home. 被困在家里并不意味着学习停止。事实上，恰恰相反。这里有一些活动和资源来培养孩子们的想象力和建立他们的好奇心。故判断出这三个活动的共同目的是激起孩子的学习兴趣。故选D。
24．C 25．B 26．A 27．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了在加拿大安大略省的一个寒冷的夜晚，路人在路上看到了一只狗在雪地里给五只小猫取暖的故事。这只狗本来可以找到一个更安全的地方过夜，但她选择不仅帮助自己，也帮助其他流浪动物。让人感悟到动物可以和人一样感受到同情和爱。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段When she approached the pup, she discovered that she wasn't alone-she was cuddling five orphaned black kittens to keep them warm.可知当她走近这只小狗时，她发现自己并不孤单——她依偎着五只失去父母的黑猫宝宝给它们取暖。由此可知，路人在路上看到了一只狗在雪地里给五只小猫取暖。故选C。
25．词义猜测题。根据后文was cuddling five orphaned black kittens to keep them warm.可知路人走近这只小狗时，她发现自己并不孤单——她(狗)依偎着五只失去父母的黑猫宝宝给它们取暖。由此可知，she此处指的是给小猫取暖的狗。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Serenity, on the other hand, is still looking for a family.可知另一方面，Serenity仍在寻找一个家庭。由此可知，小狗Serenity现在住在收容所里。故选A。
27．推理判断题。根据文章第一段Compassion and love are concepts that are often thought to be felt by humans only. As the most intelligent creatures to ever walk the earth, we tend to assume that we are the only ones who can feel emotions. We forget that the speechless beings who live here with us—animals—also have the same capability.可知同情和爱通常被认为是只有人类才能感受到的概念。作为地球上有史以来最聪明的生物，我们往往认为自己是唯一能感知情感的人。我们忘记了与我们生活在一起的无语的生灵——动物——也有同样的能力。结合文章主要讲述了小狗Serenity被路人发现给五只失去父母的黑猫宝宝取暖的故事，由此可推知，我们能从这个故事中了解到动物可以像人类一样感受到同情和爱。故选D。
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. B 31. D
【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first可知，早餐前锻炼可能比先吃饭再锻炼对健康更有益，因此推断这里说的是那些不吃早饭先锻炼的人，因此推断划线词与B项"不吃早饭能应付"意思相近。故选B。
【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are far better and worse, representative of those of most of us.可知，他们首先找到了10个超重的，不活跃但健康的年轻人，他们的生活方式可以说更好，也可以说更糟，代表了我们大多数人。因此可知，实验时选择的10个人的生活方式代表了普通人。选A。
【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段的As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand. they burned slightly more calories(卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.可知，结果，他们空腹散步时燃烧的脂肪比他们首先吃东西时所燃烧的脂肪要多。 另一方面。平均而言，他们在早餐后锻炼时燃烧的卡路里略多于禁食后。因此可知，锻炼前吃早饭消耗更多一点的热量。故选B。
【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.可知，这些结果的暗示，为了从运动中获得最大的健康益处，先不吃东西可能更明智。因此推断早饭前的体育锻炼对健康更有益。
32 A 33 A 34 D 35 C
32.推理判斷题。根据第一段 The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want.可知人工智能可能会现的真正问题是AI会非常擅长取得某个成就而不是我们真正想要的东西，也就是说AI可能会超出人的控制去倣一些事情，故选A。
33.推理判断题。根据第二段第一句A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence.可知，原因是保护它自己的存在的一种愿望，也就是说，它具有有生命的物体的一种品质是因为它要保护自己不被破坏，继续存在下去，故选A。
34.推理判断题。根据第三段using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world.可知可以用防火墙来回答那些困难的问题但是却永远不要让他们影响这个真正的现实世界，故选D。
35.推理判断题。根据最后一段Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy.可知作者认为解决人工智能机器的安全问题是可能的，但是并不容易，也就是很困难，故选C。
七选五： 36．F 37．B 38．G 39．C 40．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了婴儿的表情变化对语言学习的影响。
36．根据上文所说："研究人员表明，被称为表情变化的早期的社会行为与婴儿学习新语言声音的能力有关。"所以可以知下文"表情变化是婴儿最早展示的社交技能之一。"因为表情变化是早期的社会行为，所以这也就是婴儿最早展示的社交技能之一。上下文有因果关系。故选F。
37．根据上文说："婴儿的表情变化是更复杂的语言和社交技能的基础。"可知下文："这些技能是学龄前儿童可以获得的。"这里的these skills指代的就是上文中的"more complicated language and social skills"。要注意代词的指代作用。故选B。
38．根据下文说"在那里，他们测试了西班牙语的发音。"可知上文："实验结束后，研究人员把婴儿带回实验室。"下文中的"there"就是指上文G选项中的"the lab"。也就是在实验室进行的实验。故选G。
39．本段是给先前做的实验以结论。先说："结果是非常令人吃惊的。"然后再得出结论："在他们的辅导课程中，婴儿参与的表情变化越多，他们的大脑对西班牙语声音的反应就越大。"故选C。
40．根据上文说："研究表明：当婴儿们左顾右盼的时候，他们正在关注，并向父母展示他们准备好学习了。"下文对上文作进一步解释："那就是大多数学习发生的时候。"此处的"that"就是指上文的"when they're looking back and forth."。故选A。
41．B 42．A 43．D 44．A 45．B 46．A 47．D 48．A 49．B 50．D
51．A 52．D 53．C 54．C 55．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者从讲述圣诞节父母给自己的不同礼物，说到父母对自己伟大的、理智的爱让作者在成长的过程中越来越坚强。父亲教会他做决定的方法，母亲在他因所做决定损失惨重时给予帮助，让他再一次拥有机会。
41．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是我的看法不同。A. positively乐观地；B. differently不同地；C. naturally自然地；D. originally最初地。结合下文父亲充分相信作者和本句but可知作者并不认为20美元是孩子不能花的巨额现金，故选B项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父亲相信我有明智花钱的智慧。A. intelligence 智慧；B. passion热情；C. power权力；D. potential潜力。由本句的wisely判断此处用"智慧"符合语境，故选A项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：更好的是，他教我方法来获得它。A. courage勇气；B. suggestions建议；C. discipline纪律；D. means方法。根据下文的"but he gave me the means to walk into the bookstore and choose it for myself, "可知，作者的父亲通过让作者自己选书的方法获得20美元，故此处用"方法"符合语境，且根据下文" he gave me the means"可知，means是原词复现，故选D项。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是他让我自己找乐子，相信我有管理钱的能力，并且让我感到自己像一个成人。A. grown-up成人；B. teenager青少年；C. adventurer冒险者；D. pioneer先驱。根据上文"he was also giving me charge over my own fun, trusting my ability to manage money"可知，作者的父亲相信他可以管理好自己的钱，让作者觉得自己长大了，故用"成人"符合语境，故选A项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈在送我东西方面有天赋，她总是在我恰好需要的时刻把东西送给我。A. habit习惯；B. gift天赋，礼物；C. approach途径；D. tradition传统。根据下文的"at the moment I needed it most"可推测作者的妈妈擅长送礼物，故此处用"有天赋"符合语境，have a gift for在某方面有天赋，故选B项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是我25岁的时候，我作为成人的第一次尝试失败了。A. failed失败；B. fooled愚弄；C. dropped下降；D. fell落下。根据下文的"I had quitted my ___7___job but had no new one. "可知，作者辞去了工作，而且暂时没有新工作，故此处用"失败"符合语境，下文中的"failing "也是提示，故选A项。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我已经辞去我之前的工作，但是还没有新工作。A. important重要的；B. creative创造性的；C. challenging具有挑战的；D. previous从前的。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者辞掉了之前的工作，故选D项。
48．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是当妈妈来看我时，我上演了一出好戏，告诉她我已近开了自己的公司。A. put on上演；B. put away方在一边，收好；C. put off推迟；D. put forward提出。结合下文"a good show, telling her I had started my own company"可知，此处是指作者骗妈妈说自己开了公司，故用"上演一出好戏"符合语境，故选A项。
49．考查连词词义辨析。句意：直到她离开之后我才发现床脚下有个厚厚的装着现金的信封。A. before在……之前；B. after在……之后；C. when当；D. as当，随着，因为。结合上下文可知，作者的妈妈为了不让他感到尴尬，所以把装钱的信封藏在床脚下，因此推测作者是在妈妈走后才发现的，故选B项。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. credit信用卡；B. loans贷款；C. receipts收据；D. cash现金。根据下文的"The cold, hard cash meant she was helping me."可知，作者的妈妈提供现金来帮助他，故此处用"现金"符合语境，且cash是原词复现，故选D项。
51．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她知道我有多迫切地需要那些钱。A. desperately迫切地；B. hardly几乎不；C. eventually最后；D. accurately准确地。根据前文的"I had quitted my ___7___job but had no new one. "可知作者当时没有工作，所以推测他迫切需要钱，故选A项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她知道，如果她带着东西出现，或者主动为我交房租，她会让我感到更糟糕。A. better更好的；B. more更多的；C. less更少的；D. worse更糟糕的。根据前文的"I had quitted my ___7___job but had no new one. "可知作者当时没有工作，故推测他心情不好，如果妈妈再帮他交房租，会让他更难受，故选D项。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有趣的是，她给礼物的距离感让我觉得她是在给我空间来修复我的生活和保持我的尊严。A. decoration装饰；B. love爱；C. distance距离；D. method方法。上文说作者的母亲偷偷地把一沓现金放在床脚下，而不是当面把钱给作者，这种刻意保持的"距离"既顾全了他的面子又帮到了他，故推测此处用"距离感"符合语境，故选C项。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. defend防御；B. equip配备；C. fix修复；D. develop发展。结合上下文可知作者当时在工作上失败了，故推测妈妈用这样的方式来帮助他，让他觉得有空间调整自己(修复自己的生活)，进而让自己的生活向着好的方向发展，故选C项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个教我自己做决定的方法，另一个在我因所做决定损失惨重时给予帮助，让我再一次拥有机会。A. solution解决方案；B. chance机会；C. visit拜访；D. assistance协助。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者的妈妈给他提供帮助，让他有机会可以恢复，故选B项。
56．who 57．drinks 58．to have 59．than 60．directly
61．is reduced 62．to 63．being 64．activity 65．an
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现健康的体重和饮食，定期锻炼，不吸烟以及适度饮酒都能降低女性生肥胖孩子的几率。
56．考查定语从句。句意：专家称，一个体重正常、经常锻炼、饮食健康、不吸烟、适量饮酒的母亲生出肥胖孩子的可能性要小得多。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词为mother，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故填who。
57．考查主谓一致和时态。句意参考上题解析。此处与has，exercises和eats等作并列谓语，时态为一般现在时，应该用第三人称单数形式，故填drinks。
58．考查不定式。句意参考第1题解析。be likely to do表示"可能做某事"，故填to have。
59．考查介词。句意：研究表明，这可能更多地与后天因素有关，而不是先天因素，因为母亲的生活方式似乎与孩子的健康直接相关。根据前面的"more"判断此处用than表示比较，故填than。
60．考查副词。句意参考上题解析。修饰linked用副词，故填directly。
61．考查时态和语态。句意：这项对24,000名儿童进行的研究发现，当母亲和孩子都遵循健康的生活方式时，肥胖的风险甚至会降低更多。描述的是客观事实，he risk of obesity与reduce之间是被动关系，应该用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is reduced。
62．考查介词。这项研究调查了美国近17,000名妇女所生的24,000多名9到14岁的儿童的病史和生活方式。from…to…表示"从……到"，故填to。
63．考查分词作定语。句意：研究人员研究了母亲的整体健康状况与孩子肥胖的可能性之间的关系。child是逻辑主语，空格处作介词of的宾语用动名词，故填being。
64．考查名词。句意：母亲的健康状况由身高体重比、饮食、运动量、吸烟情况和饮酒量等因素决定。此处的运动表示抽象意义，不可数，故填activity。
65．考查冠词。句意：健康的体重和饮食，定期锻炼，不吸烟以及适度饮酒都能降低女性生一个肥胖孩子的几率。此处泛指一个肥胖的孩子，obese以元音音素开头，故填an。
应用文写作：
Dear Chris,
I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble fitting in at your new school. Such problems are quite normal. Perhaps the following suggestions may be helpful.
First, I think you may need to communicate with your classmates as much as possible. In this way, you will get to know each other better. Second, it might be a good idea for you to take part in more activities, which usually involve teamwork and interactions with other students and are therefore good for developing friendly relationships. Lastly, faced with some tough problems, you might consider asking your teachers, who can usually offer you some sensible suggestions.
I sincerely hope my advice will be of help to you. If there is anything more I can do to help, please let me know.
Yours ，
Li Hua
[读后续写]参考答案
We had to wait. We eagerly hoping for the arrival of the saving boat. The wild wind blew and the freezing sea water clapped our bodies continuously. 30 minutes seemed much longer as we just helplessly floated on the boundless sea. After a long time, a light spot appeared in the distance! We waved our hands and yelled out for help. The boat finally reached us and took all of us back to the shore. The two children were immediately sent to the nearest hospital.
That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in good condition. Picturing what the merry scene would be, relief lay in my heart and happiness etched on my face. The next morning, all the people I met smiled to me and could not stop praising me. It seemed like a good opportunity to show myself off, but I didn't mean to. In fact, I was ashamed I had thought about it. It occurred to me that helping others was priceless and everyone should be a lifeguard.
【解析】本文以事件发展为线索展开。作者在一次海啸中，意外发现了有人遇到危险，于是和邻居一起前往救助。作者当时在某种程度上，是想给每个人留下深刻印象：19岁时，这似乎是一个很好的炫耀机会。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段内容"我们必须等……"可知应该写等待的过程，要详细地描述作者他们等待的心情和当时海面的变化，以及最终获救……
②由第二段内容"那天晚上，医院传来消息说，这两个人的身体状况良好。"可知本段应该描写我对这次营救别人的心理变化和感悟。文章最后提到帮助别人是无价的，每个人都应该成为一名救生员。
2. 续写线索：救援遇险——等待援助——获得援助——事后感悟。
第一节
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例如，现在, 你有5秒钟的时间看试卷上的例题，
你将听到以下内容：
M: Excuse me, can you tell me how much the shirt is?
W: Yes, it’s nine fifteen.
你将有5秒钟的时间将正确答案标在试卷上。衬衫的价格为9镑15便士。所以，你选择B项，并将其划在试卷上。
现在, 你有5秒钟的时间阅读第1小题的有关内容。
(Text 1)
W: Our supplier has decided to raise their prices. You have to look at some other companies to lower our costs.
M: OK, but I need to finish these monthly reports before I start anything else.
(Text 2)
W: I ordered the food for the lunch meeting. The restaurant will get it ready at 11:30.
M: We’ve just rescheduled the meeting for 12:00. Please call the restaurant back and ask them to bring the food an hour after the rescheduled meeting time.
(Text 3)
W: I’m leaving the office early today. My mother is ill and I should take her to the clinic. Could you send this package for me?
M: Sure. You can take my car.
(Text 4)
W: How did you enjoy your travel to Italy?
M: Oh, I liked it very much. The food was good and I visited many beautiful places. But the weather was a little cold in the north and I didn’t like it.
(Text 5)
M: You should get some rest. You’ve already mixed up the orders of two customers.
W: I know. I also knocked over a cup of coffee on a lady.
M: You’ve been working too hard. Why don’t you ask the manager for the afternoon off?
W: Well, I’ll go and talk to him right away.
第一节到此结束。
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。
(Text 6)
M: I’m going to a rock concert in the park on Saturday. It’s free. And how about you?
W: I think I will study first. I want to finish my homework in the morning. And Brian and I are going to see a basketball game in the afternoon.
M: And what are you going to do on Sunday?
W: Brian’s going to visit his mother in the hospital. But I’m not going to do anything really. Maybe I’ll read a book at home.
M: Well, I’m going to have some friends over for a barbecue in my back garden. Would you like to come?
W: Thanks. I’d love to.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。
(Text 7)
M: Have you seen my new computer?
W: It looks good — the latest stylish mouse and a really nice keyboard. It’s quite a big screen. Your old one was much smaller. When did you buy it?
M: A few days ago, so I’m sure there’ll be many new things to learn about. Now the only thing is, one of the keys I use a lot is in a different position from the keyboard I had before, so I have to take my eyes off the screen and look down to press it.
W: I’m sure it’ll be easy to use soon.
M: I think so. And I like it very much.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。
(Text 8)
M: Hello, this is Richard Cooper. I applied for a position of a sales representative a week ago. I am calling to see if the position has been filled.
W: Oh, Mr. Cooper. In fact, I was just about to call you because you are one of the applicants we’ve selected for an interview. Could you come in this week, sometime between Tuesday and Thursday?
M: Sure, Tuesday would work best for me. How about 10?
W: That will be OK. Please remember that there won’t be anyone at the reception desk, so come straight to room B and ask to speak to Victoria Smith.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。
(Text 9)
W: OK, sir. I’ll just fill out this form for you. So what date do you want to book this for?
M: The 16th of October — oh, sorry, that’s my departure date. My plane arrives on the 17th, so book it for the 17th, please.
W: So, that’s the Toronto Airport Shuttle to Milton. And you said your expected time of arrival was 11:30? So if I book your bus for after 12:00 — let’s say, 12:30, that should give you plenty of time to collect your luggage, maybe have a coffee?
M: Yeah, that sounds fine.
W: So, what sort of ticket do you want?
M: One way. I can book the return trip once I’m there.
W: No problem. Just allow a couple days in advance to make sure you get a seat. And what’s your name, please?
M: Peter Thomson.
W: OK, and you’ll be coming from the U.K.? What flight will you be traveling on?
M: Oh, it’s Air Canada flight number AC936, from London Heathrow.
W: Right. So I’ll book you a one way ticket at 12:30 on the 17th of October from the Toronto Airport to Milton.
M: Yes. That’s right.
W: OK. Have a good trip.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。
(Text 10)
W: Hi, I’d like to tell you an interesting experience. It happened two years ago. A man named Charles Fagin from a Hollywood film studio came to me and said my house looked perfect for a film he was working on. He asked me if I’d be interested in renting it out for a few weeks.
The money he offered was attractive, but there was one more thing. They’d dig up my lovely garden. I was a little hesitant. But finally I agreed.
Fagin told me they’d paint some rooms, but he promised they’d repaint them after the shoot, and they’d fix anything they damaged. Preparation on the house began a month before the film shoot. The crew painted the living room grey. They brought in a larger sofa and dug holes in the ceiling for the lights.
For the film shoot, which took place over four days, I agreed to be out of my house, staying with my relatives. Fortunately for me, the shoot went well. The scenic painters’ attempt at repainting my living room before they left were so poor that I ended up painting it again myself.
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