一般现在式 讲义&习题

这是一份一般现在式 讲义&习题，共9页。
学科教师辅导讲义 学生签字：                    日期：               讲义编号：  ******                 年    级：初一                   课时数：3     学员姓名：                         辅导科目：英语                   学科教师：闫翔宇授课日期及时段  - 一般现在式定义，句型结构，时间标志词动词三单变化：什么是第三人称单数 变化规则句型转换  考点一：经常性习惯性的动作或特征状态（表达事实）例句：My grandmother gets up at six every day.我奶奶每天六点起床。I am a student. 我是一个学生。      The sea is blue. 海是蓝色的。句子构成：（1）主语+be动词(am, is, are)+其它  e.g. I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。（2）主语+实义（行为）动词（do+does）+其它。e.g. We study maths every day.我们每天学习数学注意：当主语为第三人称单数（he/she/it）时，要在动词后加s或es.   e.g. He likes English.  考点二：表示普遍事实，客观真理，名言名句例句：The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。      Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。      The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 考点三: 时间标志词频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every+时间（如every day, every year）, 次数+时间段（如once a week, three times a month）, in the morning/afternoon/evening等。e.g. We often play basketball after school. 考点三: 动词三单变化口诀：主语不是you 不是I 的单数。主语能用He/she/it 代替条件① 第三人称条件② 单数 动词第三人称单数变化规则  一般情况下，直接在动词后面加-s，如run-runs, get-gets, like-likes等；  以-s, -x, -sh, -ch, -o结尾的动词，在动词后面加-es，如watch-watches, go-goes, wash-washes, cross-crosses等；  以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，要变y为i加-es，如study-studies, carry-carries等；注意：元音字母+y结尾的动词，直接加-s，如play-plays等；                分类          例子多数在动词后加s work —               like —                以s，x，sh，ch结尾的动词加esgo —                wash —               字母+y结尾：以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i （变）；            以元音字母加y结尾，直接加s （不变）fly —                study—               play —               特殊have —                be—               答案：works, likes, goes, washes, flies, studies, plays, has, is 考点三: 句型转换一般现在时的否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句 句子结构：1.否定句：（1）主语+be(am,is,are)+not+其他He is not a teacher. 他不是老师。（2）主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形（+其他）    需要借助助动词I don't like fast food. 我不喜欢快餐。He doesn't go to school on the weekend. 他周末不上学。2.一般疑问句：动词提前（1）Be(Is/Are)+主语+其他？Are you a teacher? 你是老师吗？Yes,I am. /No,I am not.是的，我是。/不，我不是。（2）Do/Does +主语+动词原形+其他？Do you often play football?你经常踢足球吗？Yes,I do. /No,I don't.是的，我经常踢。/不，我不经常踢。Does she go to school by bike?她骑自行车上学吗？Yes,she does. /No,she doesn't.是的，她是。/不，她不是。3.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？Where are my shoes?我的鞋子在哪里？How do you go to school? 你怎样去上学？三单变化用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often ________ (have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _______ (be) in Class One.3. We _______ (not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _______ (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. ______ they ________ (like) the World Cup?答案：1. has  2. are  3. don’t watch  4. doesn’t go  5. Do, like 句型转换They go to school by bike every day.否定句：They don’t go to school by bike every day.一般疑问句：Do they go to school by bike every day?回答：Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.My father often gets up at five.否定句：My father doesn't often get up at five.一般疑问句：Does my father often get up at five?回答：Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.注意：①  肯定句中some或some-的不定代词，转化为否定句或疑问句时用any或any-的不定代词代替。②  陈述句中第一人称的代词，在疑问句中转化为第二人称的代词。③  肯定句中表示“也”too，在否定句中用either代替。  一般现在时习题：一、写出下列动词的三单形式
do                          buy                         walk                        go                         watch                       study                        play                         have                        fly                         like                         finish                       guess                       teach                        work                        wash                        mix                          take                          cross                         ride                          cry                          catch                         stay                           lie                            brush                         say                           see                           wear                         
答案：does, buys, walks, goes, watches, studies, plays, has, flies,likes, finishes, guesses, teaches, works, washes, mixes, takes, crosses, rides, cries, catches, stays, lies, brushes, says, sees, wears二、单选题1.          you have a book?A.Do     B. Does    C.Are答案：A。句子主语是you，且句中含有行为动词have原形，应用狭义助动词do。2.—Where does Mr. Lin          ?—He          in the USA.A.live, lives   B.lived, live   C.lives, lives答案：A。狭义助动词do/does/did之后用行为动词原形，第一空应有live；He是第三人称单数，动词也应用第三人称单词形式lives。3.The sun          in the east and          in the west.A.rises, set   B.rise, sets   C.rises, sets答案：C。太阳从东方升起，在西方落下。The sun作为第三人称单数人称，动词用三单。4.I often          a pair of glasses at school.A.wears    B.wear    C.wearing答案：B。I是第一人称单词，且根据often判断此句用一般现在时结构，动词用行为动词原形wear。5.—Does Peter like to watch TV?—          .A.Yes, he likes.   B.No, he doesn’t  C.No, he doesn’t like答案：B。根据由狭义助动词do/does/did构成的一般疑问句，肯定回答用：Yes, 人称代词+do/does/did，否定回答用：No, 人称代词+don’t/doesn’t/didn’t。6.She usually          her friends. They often          tea.A.see, drink   B. sees, drinks   C. sees, drink答案：C。she作为第三人称单数人称，行为动词用相应的三单形式；they作为复数人称，行为动词用原形即可。7.She          tea, but he          .A.likes, doesn’t  B. like, don’t   C.like, doesn’t答案：A。人称代词she、he都是第三人称单数，行为动词用三单，否定时用狭义助动词does。8.—          your friend          swimming?—No, he          . He          writing stories.A.Does, like, doesn’t, likesB.Does, likes, doesn’t, likeC.Do, like, don’t, likes答案：A。疑问句中主语your friend是三单人称，用狭义助动词does；he作为第三人称单数，也是用狭义助动词does否定，肯定句中用行为动词的三单形式。9.Tom is a worker. He          in a factory. His sisters          in a hospital.A.work, work   B.works, works  C.works, work答案：C。He是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单。His sisters他的姐妹们，是复数人称，谓语动词用原形。10.He sits down and          a rest.A.having     B. have     C.has答案：C。此句and并列的两个动词都是描述主语he的行为，均用动词第三人称单数。11.The monkey          eating bananas very much. A.like      B.likes      C.liking答案：B。The monkey是单数可数名词，相当于第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单。12.We          music and often          to music.A.like, listen     B. likes, listens     C. like, are listening答案：A。此句and并列的两个动词都是描述主语we的行为，且we是复数人称，谓语动词一致用行为动词原形。13.Amy and her sister          not often          a bike.A.do, ride     B. does, rides     C.do, rides答案：A。此句中主语是Amy and her sister，是复数人称，谓语动词部分否定用狭义助动词do，注意do/does/did之后动词用原形。14.He often          his clothes and          some shopping.A.wash, do      B.is washing, is doing   C.washes, does答案：C。此句and并列的两个动词都是描述主语he的行为，均用动词第三人称单数。15.Her aunt          not like          .A.does, swim    B. does, swims    C. does, swimming答案：C。此句中主语her aunt是第三人称单数，谓语动词否定时用does，且like doing喜欢做某事。三、用所给词的适当形式填空1.He often              (have) dinner at home.答案：has。主语是he，谓语用动词三单，have的三单形式不规则变化has。2.There              (be) some water in the bottle.答案：is。此句中考核there be句型的就近原则，some water是不可数名词故谓语用is。3.              Mike              English every day?(read) 答案：Does, read。主语Mike是第三人称单数，故一般疑问句时由狭义助动词does引导，动词还原。4.She and I              (take) a walk together every evening.答案：take。此句中主语是she and I，是复数人称，动词用原形。5.Nike              (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.答案：doesn't go。此句主语Nike是第三人称单数，做否定句时由狭义助动词does+not构成，其后动词还原。6.The girl              (teach) us English on Sundays.答案：teaches。此句中主语the girl是第三人称单数，teach三单变化符合“以-s, -x, -sh, -ch, -o结尾的动词，在动词后面加-es”原则，变化为teaches。7.What              they often              on Sundays? (do) 答案：do，do。此句主语they是复数人称，做疑问句时由“特殊疑问词+狭义助动词do”构成，其后动词还原。8.David often              (play) basketball after school.答案：plays。主语David是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单，play符合“元音字母+y结尾的名词，复数直接+s”的单复数变化原则。9.              that old woman              a house near the lake?(have)答案：Does, have。此句中that old man是第三人称单数，构成一般疑问句时借助于狭义助动词does，且其后的动词用原形。10.My grandfather              (live) in that house.答案：lives。句子主语my grandfather是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单。11.Everyone              (say) she is a student of the Year 2006.答案：says。句子everyone是第三人称单数，动词用三单。12.What time              his father              the work? (do)答案：does，do。此句中his father是第三人称单数，构成疑问句时借助于狭义助动词does，且其后的动词用原形。13.We              (not watch) TV on Monday.答案：don't watch。此句中主语we是复数人称，构成否定句时借助于狭义助动词do+not，其后动词用原形。14.              you              your teeth every morning? (brush)答案：Do，brush。此句中主语you是第二人称，构成一般疑问句时借助于狭义助动词do+not，其后动词用原形。15.That bat              (like) sleeping in the day and              (fly) out for food at night.答案：likes，flies。此句主语that bat是第三人称单数，谓语动词由and连接表并列，都用动词的三单形式。fly符合“以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，要变y为i加-es”的三单变化原则。16.Every year my parents              (give) me a present for my birthday.答案：give。此句中主语my parents是复数人称，谓语动词用原形。17.              your sister              (know) English?答案：Does，know。此句中your sister是第三人称单数，构成疑问句时借助于狭义助动词does，且其后的动词用原形。18.How many lessons              your classmate              (have) on Monday?答案：does。此句中your classmate是第三人称单数，构成疑问句时借助于狭义助动词does，且其后的动词用原形。19.The earth              (move) round the sun.答案：moves。句子主语the earth，是第三人称单数，谓语动词也应该用三单，规则变化直接+s。20.What time              his mother              (do) the housework?答案：does，do。此句中his mother是第三人称单数，构成疑问句时借助于狭义助动词does，且其后的动词用原形。四、题型转换1.We go to school every morning.否定句：_____________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：_________________________________________________回答：                                                           答案：We don’t go to school every morning.      Do you go to school every morning?      Yes, we do./ No, we don’t.2.He speaks English very well.否定句：_____________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：_________________________________________________回答：                                                         答案：He doesn’t speak English very well.      Does he speak English very well?      Yes, he does./ No, he doesn’t.3.Amy likes playing computer games.一般疑问句：_________________________________________________回答：                                                       答案：Does Amy like playing computer games?     Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.4.John comes from Canada.划线提问：                                                   答案：Where does John come from?5.I want to buy a big green bag.划线提问：                                                   答案：What do you want to buy.6.Maria and Jack come to this school on Monday.划线提问：                                                   答案：When do Maria and Jack come to this school?7.I like taking photos in the park.一般疑问句：_________________________________________________划线提问：                                                   答案：Do you like taking photos in the park?What do you like doing in the park