2023湖北省“宜荆荆恩”高三9月起点考试英语试题含答案听力

这是一份2023湖北省“宜荆荆恩”高三9月起点考试英语试题含答案听力，文件包含湖北省宜荆荆恩四地市2022-2023学年高三上学期起点考试英语试题docx、湖北省2023届高三9月起点考试英语听力mp3等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共16页， 欢迎下载使用。

“宜荆荆恩”2023届高三起点考试
英语试卷
命题单位：宜昌市教育科学研究院
审题单位：荆门市教学研究室 恩施州教育科学研究院
2022.9
本试卷共12页，共67题。本试卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
★祝考试顺利★
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4. 考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The radio. B. The weather. C. The weekend.
2. Why does Lucy refuse the man's offer?
A. She is very busy. B. She is poorly paid. C. She is unconfident.
3. What did Patrick do last Friday?
A. He went out with a friend.
B. He sold his old apartment.
C. He moved to another place.
4. Which flight will the man take?
A. 10：20. B. 11：00. C. 11：45.
5. What is Jennifer going to do?
A. Start a business. B. Check her work. C. Buy some paper.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。
6. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a bus stop. B. At an activity centre. C. At an information desk.
7. What will the man probably do?
A. Buy a book. B. Go to a festival. C. Visit the woman.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。
8. Who are the speakers?
A. A doctor and a patient.
B. A teacher and a student.
C. A salesman and a customer.
9. What is probably the cause of the man's problems?
A. He often overeats. B. He works too hard. C. He smokes heavily.
10. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Stop working and go on a vacation.
B. Give up smoking as soon as possible.
C. Change his diet and get some exercise.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。
11. Who is Nat King Cole?
A. A pop singer. B. A researcher. C. A bus driver.
12. What did the researchers study about bus drivers?
A. Their health problems. B. Their facial expressions. C. Their working conditions.
13. What is proved harmful to the bus drivers' health?
A. Working overtime. B. Bad thoughts. C. Forced smiles.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17题。
14. What has Professor Brown been busy with these days?
A. Training teachers. B. Teaching students. C. Writing textbooks.
15. What does Professor Brown think about what he does?
A. It is enjoyable. B. It is hard work. C. It is important.
16. At what age did Professor Brown start to learn music?
A. Three. B. Six. C. Twelve.
17. What is Professor Brown good at in terms of music?
A. Playing the piano. B. Writing words to songs. C. Singing music pieces.
听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20题。
18. What do the Hoffmans do for a living?
A. They take up gardening. B. They sell vegetables. C. They run a guesthouse.
19. How much direct sunshine do tomato plants actually need every day?
A. Five hours. B. Eight hours. C. Twelve hours.
20. Why do Irish potatoes grow better in the shade?
A. They have deeper roots.
B. They have wider leaves.
C. They have bigger flowers.
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
A
This is not a problem in Munich even if it is already the afternoon. The last light of the day can always be enjoyed. Here are four hiking tours for late risers and after-work athletes. Let's get out into nature quickly.
The Sundown Tour
With a bit of luck, after 5 p. m. you will have the whole view to yourself. Lake Walchensee lies below, opposite is the Herzogstand mountain, with the red sun setting below it. If you are walking down the mountain in the dark, however, you should always have headlamps with you, otherwise it will become too dangerous.
The Quick Tour
Sometimes the god stuff is so much closer than you think, on the Neureuth mountain, for example. The tour from the railway station in Tegermsee up to the mountain is comparably short and therefore suitable for all walkers who just want to stretch their legs after work has finished.
The Railway Tour
The greatest advantage of the Laber for late-in-the-day leisure walkers lies, however, in the mountain railway: its last trip down the mountain doesn't leave until between 4:30 p.m. and 5 p.m. So you do not need to worry whether you still have enough time for the relaxing return journey.
The Cycling Tour
Who says that people who like to take exercise later on in the day always have to walk? Even many Munich residents forget that, in addition to the river Isar, there is a river in the city which is just as beautiful. If you want to explore the river and the associated Wurmtal valley, rent a bike and follow the shore from Pasing over Grafelfing and Gauting as far as Starnberg.
21. Which tour best suits a tourist who prefers doing light exercise?
A. The Sundown Tour. B. The Quick Tour.
C. The Railway Tour. D. The Cycling Tour.
22. What is needed to take the Cycling Tour?
A. A headlamp. B. A guide. C. A mountain bike. D. A railway ticket.
23. What do the four tours have in common?
A. Providing safety experience. B. Demanding a low budget.
C. Covering rivers and valleys. D. Suiting after-work tourists.
B
My daughter Eve used to love the Lightning McQueen character from the film ‘Cars'. As a little baby she began to stop and smile every time she saw the character. She was happy when a relative bought her some ‘Cars' toys.
I knew her interest in ‘Cars’ had disappeared recently; she's developed new interests since starting school. But when I found myself in a hurry to buy juice cartons（盒装果汁）, and the choice was between ‘Disney Princess’ or ‘Cars’ cartons, I took the ‘Cars’ ones.
The next morning she saw a carton go into her lunch bag and took it out. She said it embarrassed her. She told me it was because ‘Cars’ is ‘boyish’. When I said to her that I thought she liked ‘Cars’, she said, very quietly, “I do, but I don't want anyone to know". Eve says children should be able to like whatever they want to, but the pressure to behave ‘like a girl’ has got to her.
Children do understand the gendered messages they receive. They understand the gender rule ‘This is for boys and that is for girls, 'in the same way as other kinds of social rules. The period between birth and age 7 is called The Imprint Period, because this is when children learn about everything around them. They accept much of it as true. It's one of the reasons gender-stereotyped（性别刻板印象的）toys can be so damaging.
From the moment they are born, children are expected to live up to expectations of what it means to be a boy or a girl. It's easy to see that they are influenced by the way toys are marketed. Children accept what their world tells them, so it's necessary to change the harmful stereotypes they are being sold.
24. Why did the author buy ‘Cars’ cartons?
A. She chose them only out of habit. B. She loved the characters in ‘Cars’.
C. She had no choice but to take them. D. She tried to stimulate Eve's interest.
25. Why did Eve take the carton out of her lunch bag?
A. She wanted it stored by her mother. B. She disliked being the envy of others.
C. She lost interest in the ‘Cars’ carton. D. She didn't want to be laughed at by others.
26. What do kids tend to do during The Imprint Period?
A. They learn how to tell right from wrong. B. They turn a blind eye to the surroundings.
C. They can be easily affected by social rules. D. They care too much about others' thoughts.
27. What would be the best title for the text?
A. Let Toys Be Toys B. Girls Will Be Girls
C. Toys for Boys Only D. Let Rules Be Rules
C
Though its effects are not always visible to the human eye, plastic is choking life on Earth. The process for manufacturing plastic worsens climate change, and the spreading of plastic in the environment has led to heartbreaking sights.
Then there came a daydream: Can we create something that will consume it?
A new study suggests that an enzyme（酶）which targets polyethylene terephthalate（PET）—a widely-used substance found in a majority of consumer packaging products that contains 12 percent of all global waste—could make that scientific dream, which is also necessity, into a reality.
The key ingredient was n natural enzyme known as PETase, according to the paper published in the scientific journal Nature. Using a machine learning model, scientists at the University of Texas figured out what changes would cause the enzyme to be able to quickly break down the targeted types of plastic waste.
“It has been a well-explored problem in many industries," Hal AIper, a professor in Chemical Engineering, said, “Therefore, we feel that this part of the problem is easily achievable in a short period of time. The more challenging aspect will be making enzyme break down on a large scale with mixed plastics waste.”
This was not the first effort to solve the plastic pollution problem. In March 2016, Japanese researchers found a bacteria that would “eat" the plastic until it turned into sludge（泥浆）. Last year, scientists at the University of Edinburgh announced that E. Coli, a common bacterium, could be used to change PET into a kind of material, which might be able to be safely consumed by humans.
Joanna Sadler, a biotechnology professor at the University of Edinburgh, characterized the new enzyme as the “fastest enzyme reported to date" in terms of the speed of breaking down different plastics. "This makes it a very promising technological development in the field, and demonstrates the better adapted usage of this enzyme," Sadler said.
28. What's the function of the first paragraph?
A. To explain a unique phenomenon.
B. To stimulate the readers' curiosity.
C. To analyze the cause of the situation.
D. To provide some background information.
29. What is the challenging problem scientists are facing?
A. Turning the scientific dream into a reality.
B. Causing the enzyme to work more effectively.
C. Putting a machine learning model into practice.
D. Making the enzyme dissolve plastics massively.
30. Why are the examples mentioned in Paragraph 6?
A. To evaluate the scientists' previous efforts.
B. To introduce some similar biological means.
C. To prove the possibility of recycling plastics.
D. To stress the importance of plastic-eating bacteria.
31. Which word best describes Sadler's attitude to the enzyme?
A. Skeptical. B. Objective. C. Optimistic. D. Critical.
D
It has been known for some time that children are able to learn at breathtaking speed. But how does it work? That's what researchers have now found out. Using an artificial intelligence tool and an eye-tracker that tracks the movements of a baby's eyes, scientists from the Thunders Research Institute for Brain, Cognition（and Behavior investigated one of children's greatest mysteries and came to a surprising conclusion.
It may seem very different, but babies are certainly not lying around randomly. "Babies don't explore the world by chance, with their eyes falling on it. Babies have a strategy if they want to understand the world. First, they look for those pieces of information that allow them to understand other information faster and more efficiently. On the contrary, if they see an object or event from which they can learn nothing further, they simply reject it. Only the information useful to them, they select,” says Dr Francesco Poli.
That sounds easier, even for a baby, than done. Because how does a baby know what is important and what is not?
"Let's take a good example: learning to talk. What we see as always is that babies who are about to say their first word begin to investigate a few weeks before how to use their mouths to talk. Instead of looking at the eyes in faces, they study carefully for weeks the mouths of the people who talk to them. So they are in a constant state of maximum learning capacity!"
"Babies build their knowledge. They are like little scientists who like to see their idea challenged. For example, they learn very quickly that objects fall down and don't just disappear. And this is why they love bubbles（泡沫）so much: they do float up and then disappear!”
32. What is the surprising conclusion about children?
A. They explore the world purposefully. B. They are attracted to all information.
C. They are breathtakingly fast learners. D. They possess exceptional intelligence.
33. What does the underlined word "that" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Studying further. B. Observing the world.
C. Learning strategically. D. Understanding information.
34. Why can bubbles fascinate babies greatly?
A. They make little scientists' life colorful. B. They challenge babies' existing cognition.
C. They prove what babies have just learned. D. They float up quickly and don't just disappear.
35. Which word can best describe baby learners according to the author?
A. Confident and optimistic. B. Observant and capable.
C. Consistent and persistent. D. Dynamic and responsible.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分l2.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It's a sunny afternoon, and my wife Barbara is at the park again, counting and recording the number of eggs laid by monarch butterflies. 36 Nobody is Paying Barbara, but she considers herself lucky to be a “Citizen Scientist”.
When volunteers participate as assistants in activities like these, they are engaging in citizen science, a valuable research technique. 37 Some of them are science teachers or students, but most are simply amateurs who enjoy spending time in nature. They also take pride in aiding scientists and indirectly helping to protect the environment. The movement they are involved in is not a new one. 38 One of the earliest projects of this type is the Christmas Bird Count, started by the National Audubon Society in 1900. And citizen science projects are developing more than ever.
In formal studies, Professional scientists and other experts need to maintain the highest possible standards. 39 Some might argue that citizen scientists cannot maintain the necessary attention to detail, or that amateurs will misunderstand the context of the investigation and make mistake when collecting and organizing. In other words, can citizen science be considered truly reliable?
40 The first focused on volunteer knowledge and skills. In this study, a scientist asked volunteers to identify types of crabs. He found that almost all adult volunteers could perform the task well. The second study compared professional and non-professional methods. Both proved successful. Results like these suggest that research assisted by amateurs can be trusted when scientists organize it.
A. Two recent studies show that it can.
B. In fact, its roots go back over a hundred years.
C. It invites the public to assist in gathering information.
D. The best citizen science projects are win-win situations.
E. She was awarded the “Citizen Scientist" which is a great honor.
F. Their research must not only be thorough, but also objective and accurate.
G. After collecting her data, she'll share it with the professional scientist who hired her.
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As a nurse, Fawcett jumps around from the emergency room to the COVID-19 units upstairs. The unique 41 has allowed her to see all aspects of the disease—from patients on their death beds to those 42 enough to recover. But her fellow nurses in the emergency room have been so 43 and helpless, who don't see any light at the end of this dark tunnel. “The patients are just 44 ,” the nurse said.
At a morning meeting, Fawcett decided to 45 what she witnessed with her fellow nurses. It really gives them a little 46 in their step. Fawcett has worked overtime since an old man was admitted. "This man came in, looking very 47 . His wife was accompanying him,” she recalled, "We cried together and 48 together. I did not think he was going to make it.” However, the turning point came a week later. He had been taken off the ventilator（呼吸机）and was 49 . He was sitting in a chair, smiling at his wife! It was just 50 .
The 51 has become a motivation for the nurses who struggle to keep up their 52 during growing pandemic（流行病）. They feel more 53 to everyone there because they're all going through this war together. 54 the awesome death rate, they are firmly convinced that the pandemic will surely pass and everything will 55 be fine.
41. A. goal B. role C. habit D. desire
42. A. fortunate B. content C. energetic D. grateful
43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. embarrassed D. discouraged
44. A. checking out B. settling down C. flooding in D. holding on
45. A. share B. discuss C. compare D. match
46. A. development B. encouragement C. commitment D. accomplishment
47. A. strange B. confident C. brave D. horrible
48. A. shouted B. prayed C. argued D. complained
49. A. returning B. struggling C. recovering D. progressing
50. A. incredible B. irregular C. unreasonable D. unavoidable
51. A. smile B. comfort C. optimism D. enthusiasm
52. A. standard B. strength C. spirit D. pace
53. A. exposed B. connected C. stuck D. locked
54. A. Due to B. Apart from C. In spite of D. In contrast to
55. A. typically B. probably C. apparently D. eventually
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Earlier this June, the Olympic Council of Asia announced that the 2022 Asian Games, 56 was originally scheduled for September in Hangzhou, would be postponed due to the pandemic situation. According to the Games' organizing committee, all 56 competition venues and 31 training venues will be 57 （gradual）opened to the public from July 1.
Sports centers with relatively low operation costs will provide free admission to their gymnasiums, squares, and track and field venues. Those 58 （design）to host competitions—such as rowing, shooting and cycling -will hire professional teams to run the venues and maintain facilities. It 59 （anticipate）that these venues will offer sports-related experience activities to the public. Venues located in universities will stage 60 （variety）of sports events, improving their utilization（使用）beyond their daily use in students' education.
The committee has promised to open venues 61 a controlled and orderly manner as it tries to protect and maintain the quality of the facilities. Each venue will establish 62 operation and maintenance team 63 （ensure）that the venue will meet the requirements of the Asian Games.
The opening of the venues and facilities 64 （emphasize）the important roles that the 2022 Asian Games play in enhancing sports culture, meeting the growing needs of citizens, 65 gaining experience for holding high-level competitions.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：书面表达（满分15分）
假如你是校英语社团负责人李华，请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她担任英语配音（dubbing）比赛的评委。内容包括：
1. 比赛时间和地点；
2. 比赛环节安排。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Caroline,





Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Catherine was the coolest kid in her class. Wherever she went, she was in the spotlight, with a bunch of kids following her and doing everything she did.
Her deskmate, Landy, however, was not in the cool kids' group. Being the tallest kid in her class, she was laughed at by her classmates, who were always chanting（唱起…歌）“Landy, Landy, long as spaghetti（意大利面）”
Catherine didn't really like it when the kids chanted “Landy, Iandy, long as spaghetti". But she never told them to stop either, and nor did she ever talk to her. She liked being popular.
One weekend, Catherine went over to visit her grandfather. Her grandfather lives on a farm, where he keeps chickens. While helping to feed the chickens, Catherine noticed a special one. Hidden in the corner, it looked smaller than the others and was almost half-bare!
“What`s the matter with it?" She asked her grandfather, with a puzzled frown on her face. Her grandfather told her how chickens could act. “They have a pecking（啄）order,” he explained, wrinkles of concern spreading around his forehead. “If one chicken is different, the others will push it away and keep pecking it. Sometimes they peck it so much that it dies."
“Oh, what a poor little thing" Catherine let out a sigh as she picked the frightened chicken up in her arms, whose heart was beating fast in the bony little body. Suddenly, she thought of Landy, the girl being "pecked" by her classmates. "I'm going to take it home and take good care of it," she said with a determined look.
Back in school, Catherine told the cool kids about the chicken. “It's looking healthy," she said proudly. "It's fatter and its feathers are growing. Even the cat likes it. She carries it around the garden, and…" Everyone was entertained by Catherine's story of her lovely chicken, laughter spreading around the classroom.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then Catherine spotted Landy seated alone in a corner. _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
But Catherine walked directly toward Landy, regardless of what they said. ________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
2023届高三（9月）起点考试
英语参考答案
听力
1-5 BACAC 6-10 CBABC 11-15 ABCCA 16-20 BACAB
阅读理解
21-23 BCD 24-27 ADCA 28-31 DDBC 32-35 ACBB 36-40 GCBFA
完形填空
41-45 BADCA 46-50 BDBCA 51-55 ACBCD
语法填空
56. which 此处考查非限制性定语从句。根据句子结构可知，此处缺少定语从句关系代词，它在句中作主语，在非限制性定语从句中关系词用 which。
57. gradually 此处考查词性转换。此处应用副词作状语修饰谓语动词 opened,故应填 gradually, 意为“逐渐地”。
58. designed 此处考查非谓语动词。designed to host competitions 做定语修饰 Those，主语 those 与动词 design 为被动关系，因此此处应填动词-ed形式designed。
59. is anticipated 此处考查谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，空白处缺少谓语动词，it is anticipated that 据希望，此处应填 is anticipated。
60. varieties 此处考查名词复数。本句中 varieties of 表示“各种各样的”，此处应填 variety的复数形式。
61. in 此处考查介词。 in a…manner 表示以…的方式，此处应填 in。
62. an 此处考查冠词。 “establish an operation and maintenance team” 意为建立一个操作和维护小组。
63. to ensure 此处考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式短语作目的状语，表示“为了确保”。句意 “to ensure that the venue will meet the requirements of the Asian Games” 确保场馆将会满足亚运会的要求。
64. emphasizes 此处考查谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，空白处缺少谓语动词， “The opening of the venues and facilities”做主语，此处谓语用单数形式。
65. and 此处考查并列连词。“enhancing sports culture, meeting the growing needs of citizens, 和 gaining experience for holding high-level competitions并列。
应用文
Dear Caroline,
I’m Li Hua, a student in charge of our school English club. Considering your proficiency in English, I’m writing to sincerely invite you to be our judge for the upcoming dubbing contest.
Intended to make us appreciate the charm of English and arouse our interest in oral English, the show is scheduled for next Friday afternoon lasting from 3 pm to 5pm in the school meeting hall. Among the 12 selected groups, only those who have excellent pronunciation and intonation, vivid role play as well as decent costume will stand out from others. Before the prize-giving ceremony, you are expected to give an overall evaluation of their performance and some practical suggestions. I’m sure it will be an audio and visual feast for all of us.
We would appreciate it if you could take my invitation into consideration. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours
Li Hua
读后续写
【文本分析】本文以班里同学关系为线索展开，讲述了班里最酷的孩子Catherine受到同学众星捧月般的欢迎，而她的同桌Landy却受到冷落，因为她个头最高，同学们给她起了侮辱性的外号“意大利面条”。Catherine在农场发现一只被其它的鸡欺负的可怜的小鸡，深感同情，从而联想到Landy，意识到大家不应该欺负她，Catherine回到学校后，号召大家团结Landy的故事。
【思路点拨】
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后Catherine发现Landy独自坐在角落里。”可知，第一段描写Catherine发现Landy被冷落的样子而产生的联想，Catherine准备道歉，引起其他同学的惊讶。
②由第二段首句内容“Catherine不顾他们说什么径直朝Landy走去。”可知，第二段描写Catherine主动找Landy道歉，Landy和其他同学深受感动。
2.续写线索：意识——反思——惊讶——道歉——拥抱——感动
【参考范文】
Then Catherine spotted Landy seated alone in a corner. She ducked her head with her eyes fixed on the floor as usual. It hit Catherine that the pecking order worked in school, too. Landy was just like the poor little chicken, being teased and ignored by her classmates, merely due to her special height. “It’s high time to do something for a change.” Catherine thought to herself. Having made up her mind, she urged the rest cool kids to make peace with Landy. Astonished at what she said, all the kids burst out screaming, “Talking to the long spaghetti? Are you crazy?”
But Catherine walked directly toward Landy, regardless of what they said. “Landy, sorry about the spaghetti thing. I should have realized it earlier. Can you forgive us?” Catherine murmured an apology, her face reddening. She figured Landy might just walk away. But she lifted her misty eyes and nodded yes. Catherine wiped away her tears, giving her a warm hug. Moved by the scene, the other kids also came to offer their sincere apologies to Landy. From that day on, no one made up silly chants about Landy, and Catherine also learned that everyone should be treated equally no matter how special he or she was.
阅读理解
A
21. B 细节理解题。由第三段最后一句这个旅行相对比较短适合那些下班后只想伸伸腿做些轻微运动的人。
22. C 细节理解题。由第五段最后一句租一辆自行车沿着海边骑行可知。
23. D 细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句可知下文四个旅行适合下班后的旅行者。
B
24. A 细节理解题。由第二段作者知道女儿对《赛车总动员》的玩具兴趣减弱，当她买东西时很匆忙, 但还是选择了含有汽车图案的盒装果汁可知，作者是潜意识地出于习惯性地选择女儿曾经喜欢的东西。
25. D 推理判断题。由第三段中的 embarrassed…but I don`t want anyone to know 以及 the pressure to behave ‘like a girl’ has got to her 可知, Eve 迫于压力想让自己举止像个女孩子,不想被别人嘲笑。
26. C 推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的 because this is when children learn about everything around them. They accept much of it as true 可知，处于印记阶段的孩子对周围的事物基本全盘接收。
27. A 最佳标题题。作者认为不应该给玩具贴性别标签, 玩具就是玩具,不应该分“男女”。
C
28. D 第一段主要讲述了塑料对气候和环境的影响，为第二段的问题我们能否研制某个东西来处理这些塑料提供了背景信息。
29. D 根据第五段最后一句可知更具挑战的方面在于让酶大量地分解这些混合塑料垃圾。
30. B 根据第六段第一句“这不是研究者第一次通过努力去解决塑料污染问题”可知，此段列举两个成功的例子是为了介绍一些类似的生物解决方法。
31. C 根据最后一段 Sadler 把这种新型酶描述成迄今分解塑料最为快速的酶，使它成为这个领域非常有前途的科技发展可知，Sadler 的态度是乐观的。
D
32. A 根据第二段婴儿在理解世界的时候会使用策略，他们会观察物体寻找有用的信息，拒绝对他们无用的东西，所以婴儿是有目的地探索世界。
33. C 第二段主要讲述了婴儿如何有策略地去学习，此处 that 指代上文即婴儿有策略地学习。
34. B 根据第五段婴儿就像小科学家一样，喜欢看到自己的想法受到挑战。例如，他们知道物体会掉落，但不是消失。这就是为什么他们喜欢泡泡：泡泡浮起来然后消失，这和他们的认知是不一样的，所以就激发了他们的兴趣。
35. B 根据全文可知婴儿善于观察且具有极强的学习能力，故选 B。confident and optimistic自信的、乐观的；consistent and persistent. 坚持不懈的；Dynamic and responsible 充满活力的、有责任的。
七选五
36. G G项data 指代空前一句话提到的作者妻子 Barbara 记录的数据。
37. C C项It指代前一句话中的 citizen science。
38. B 上文提到平民科学不是新兴事物，下文讲到平民科学最早的一个项目，所以 B 项承上启下。
39. F 上文讲到正式研究中，专业科学家们需要保持尽可能高的标准。F 项“他们的研究不仅要彻底，而且要客观准确。”是对高标准的进一步明示，承接上文。
40. A A项总括最后一段，Two recent studies 指代下文两个研究。
完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，主题语境为人与社会。由于新冠感染者激增，医院护士面对死去的病人心灵受到打击，感到无助。此时 Fawcett 向她们讲述了一个感染病毒存活希望不大但最终战胜了病魔的老人的故事，以此来增强同事们对抗疫情的信心。
41. 答案B。考查名词。根据前文 as a nurse 得知 the unique role 这一角色，A. goal目标，C. habit 习惯D. desire 欲望都不符合上文语境。
42. 答案 A。考查形容词。根据前文的 death bed 和后文的 enough to recover 得知是 fortunate enough 足够幸运。
43. 答案 D。考查形容词。通过他们在黑暗的隧道看不到光亮用来比喻护士们对抗病魔的绝望心情。
44. 答案 C。考查动词短语。flood in 大量涌入；check out 结账离开；settle down 定居、安定下来；hold on 坚持。病人们不断涌进来让护士们对抗病魔的感到绝望。
45. 答案 A。考查动词。Fawcett 决定和同事们分享所见所闻来振奋她们的精神。
46. 答案 B。考查名词。Fawcett 的分享真正地给了同事们一些鼓励。commitment 承诺、承担；accomplishment 成就。
47. 答案 D。考查形容词。下文提到老人可能撑不下去，说明老人入院时病情严重，所以看起来很糟糕（look horrible）。
48. 答案 B。考查动词。老人病重，Fawcett 和妻子一起为老人祈祷。
49. 答案 C。考查动词。一周以后迎来了转机，老人取下了呼吸机，身体开始恢复，所以选 recovering。
50. 答案 A。考查形容词。前文提到老人撑不下去，后文提到recover，所以令人难以置信。incredible 令人难以置信的；irregular 无规律的，不规则的；unreasonable 不合情理的；unavoidable 不可避免的。
51. 答案 A。考查名词。前文提到老人正坐在椅子上，对着妻子微笑，可知老人的笑颜对于护士来说是一种动力。
52. 答案 C。考查名词。前文说到护士面对如此多受感染的病人，感到气馁，所以一直在努力保持他们的斗志，spirit。
53. 答案 B。考查动词。由后文的 go through the war together 可知护士们精诚团结共同对抗新冠疫情，所以他们感觉联系的更加紧密了，故选 connected。
54. 答案 C。考查介词词组。尽管可怕的死亡率，但是护士们很坚定疫情定会过去，一切终将美好。
55. 答案 D。考查副词，同上。eventually 最终地；typically 通常；典型地；probably 可能地；apparently 明显地。
听力原稿:
Text 1
M: Beautiful day, isn’t it?
W: Yes, it’s not like what the radio said at all.
M: I wish it would stay this way for the weekend.
W: As long as it doesn’t snow.
Text 2
M: Lucy, you’re really a good tennis player.
W: Thank you. I like playing tennis very much.
M: Why not join my training centre and teach for us? You can earn some extra money.
W: I’d like to, but I don’t think I can fit that into such a tight schedule.
Text 3
W: Patrick moved out last Friday. He’s now living in a nice and quiet neighborhood.
M: Yes, I heard about it. I wonder if he’s paying more for the new apartment. Anyway, he must be very glad to leave this noisy place.
Text 4
M: Hello, is there a flight leaving for London at 11:00?
W: Nothing round that time, but there are flights leaving at 10:20 and 11:45.
M: All right, I’ll take the earlier one.
Text 5
M: Jennifer, our business is growing fast. Please make sure that we have enough paper to keep up with our work.
W: I remember we bought some last month. Shall I order some more now?
M: Yes, please do.
Text 6
M: Hello. Could you please help us? We’d like a map of this city.
W: Yes, here you are.
M: Oh, could you also give us some information about the film festival?
W: Take this booklet. It has all the information about the activities that will be put on during the festival.
M: Thanks. And one last thing, do you have a bus timetable for East Town?
W: Yes, here you are.
M: Thank you very much.
Text 7
W: How can I help you, Mr. Daniels?
M: Well, I started having headaches a couple of weeks ago and they’re getting worse. I can’t sleep properly. I feel tired all the time. And the worst thing is my hair is going grey and I’m only 30.
W: I see. Let me ask you some questions. Do you smoke?
M: No. I gave up a month ago.
W: Right. I see you’re a salesman. How many hours a week do you work?
M: Normally, I do eight hours a day. But at the moment I’m working at least 10 hours and some Saturdays.
W: That’s a lot. What do you do when you want to have a rest?
M: Well, I usually sit in front of the TV with a sandwich and a few beers.
W: Hmm. Do you do any exercise at the moment?
M: Not really. But I’m losing a lot of weight and I don’t know why.
W: I think you are suffering from overwork. I want you to eat a wider variety of food and do some exercise. Come back and see me in four weeks and I’ll give you a check-up.
Text 8
W: Do you know Nat King Cole?
M: You mean the pop singer? Yeah. What about him?
W: In his song “Smile”, he tells people to smile through heartbreak. But now, research suggests that false happiness may just make things worse.
M: Really? Tell me more about it.
W: Researchers took pictures of bus drivers and then looked into the expressions on their faces.
M: They did? What happened then?
W: After following the drivers closely, researchers found that the drivers had to force a smile at work. They felt so bad that they wanted to give up their jobs.
M: I never imagined it could be so serious. Why is that?
W: The report says when people try to hold back bad feelings, it turns out that the feelings become even stronger and last longer.
M: Look at my face. Do I smile a real smile?
Text 9
W: Professor Brown, which do you prefer, writing or teacher training?
M: Well, I enjoy both very much. In fact, I wouldn't want to give up either. These days most of my time is spent on writing. I go to the university just two half days a week to work with graduate students.
W: What plans do you have for the future?
M: Now that we have completed a textbook and its new CD program, we plan to develop more textbooks for other markets. People sometimes say to me, “You work too hard.” The truth is I enjoy what I do, and I don't consider it to be work.
W: What do you like to do that's not education-related?
M: I like playing the piano. I'm fortunate to have been born with the ability to play the piano by ear. If I remember a music piece, I can play it. I'm not sure how I do it, but I've had that ability since the age of twelve. I took music lessons from the age of six. I also write music. Although I'm a language teacher, I can't write words to songs. I have to turn to others for the words. Actually, I have more confidence in my book-writing ability than my song-writing ability.
Text 10
W: Hello, everyone. Welcome back to the program. We all know plants need sunshine to grow. But actually, not all vegetables need lots of sunshine. Mark Hoffman and his wife own a guesthouse in Kempton, Illinois. They often serve their guests fresh vegetables from their garden. For almost ten years, the Hoffmans have been experimenting with shade plantings. Curious visitors often ask how they do it. Here is the answer: they grow tomatoes near the trees that produce a lot of shade. Tomato plants grow as long as they get five hours a day of direct sunshine, especially morning sun. This goes against the traditional advice that tomatoes need eight, even twelve hours a day of full sun. In fact, plants and tree roots can share something in common. Besides tomatoes, the Hoffmans grow Irish potatoes. Plants with wider leaves seem to do better in shady environments. The potatoes grow better in the shade than in full sun.