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江苏省南京市2022-2023学年高三上学期期初学情调研英语试题及答案
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这是一份江苏省南京市2022-2023学年高三上学期期初学情调研英语试题及答案，文件包含江苏省南京市2022-2023学年高三上学期期初考试英语试题解析版docx、江苏省南京市2022-2023学年高三上学期期初考试英语试题原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共36页， 欢迎下载使用。
南京市2023届高三年级学情调研
英 语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the weather like today?
A. Cool. B. Windy. C. Hot.
2. What does the man plan to do?
A. Buy a gift. B. Visit a friend. C. Have some coffee.
3. Why does the woman phone up?
A. To ask for a morning call. B. To pay for the room service. C. To search for an art museum.
4. When will the football game start?
A. At 6: 00. B. At 6: 30. C. At 7: 00.
5. What can we know about the woman?
A. She is a victim. B. She is a fast runner. C. She is shortsighted.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man like best about the old trains?
A. Their power. B. Their size. C. Their steam.
7. What kind of trains does the woman want to see tomorrow?
A Black trains. B. Green trains. C. Red trains.
听第7段材料，回答第8至第10题。
8. Where are the speakers?
A. In a bank. B. In a restaurant. C. In a customer center.
9. How much is the woman charged for the service?
A. 5 dollars. B. 10 dollars. C. 55 dollars.
10. What does the woman suggest?
A. Taking on more staff. B. Putting on some music. C. Focusing on food quality.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Workmates. C. Coach and trainee.
12. Why has the woman gained weight?
A. She lives an unhealthy life. B. She has no time to exercise. C. She suffers from work pressure.
13. What will the man do ahead of time?
A. Jog to warm up. B. Buy an exercise bike. C. Reserve a tennis court.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the conversation mainly about?
A. Grade points. B. Time management. C. University majors.
15. Which subject is the woman good at?
A. Economics. B. History. C. Psychology.
16. What does the man think of his college teachers?
A. They are humorous. B. They are very strict. C. They are hard-working.
17. What caused the man’s poor performance?
A. Hanging out with his friends.
B. Wasting time checking his phone.
C. Being addicted to computer games.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What do people usually do in a teahouse?
A. Work on a laptop. B. Associate with others. C. Perform Beijing Operas.
19. What does the speaker think of traditional teahouses?
A. Quiet. B. Crowded. C. Elegant.
20. What discourages ordinary people from visiting today’s teahouses?
A. High costs. B. Poor service. C. Old-fashioned decoration.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
You don’t have to be a Grammy-award winner like Beyoncé to sing. Actually, it’s a skill you can learn and practice.
Give yourself permission to try
From the beginning, set your expectations in a reasonable place. Everybody can do music—singing with kids or in a chorus. You play the guitar, but you needn’t be a performer with a band.
Allow yourself to try without worrying about sounding “good” at first. Singing is a skill that takes practice and time to develop.
Practice stretching your speaking voice to your singing voice
A few exercises help make that transition:
Take a speaking phrase and start to stretch it. Make it a positive one, like “My voice is strong!” for the extra bonus of hearing some encouragement. While repeating the phrase, add some excitement to your speech—that’ll help you slide into singing naturally.
There are also many vocal (发声) exercises online.
Find your own singing style
To find what songs and styles suit you best, a music talent has established a singing method (Click HERE to find out) focusing on creating strategies specific to you.
You can copy sounds but remember you’re trying to find your voice. Let Beyoncé be Beyoncé. Let whoever be whoever. That’s their identity. It’s important to say, “What do I sound like?”
Think about singing as a gateway to others
This process is as much about self-acceptance as it is about building community.
Be it in a band or a chorus, you and a bunch of friends just get together and there’s something amazing about making music. It promises a really good and deep community.
For more help, you can email us at moreinfo@lifekit.org.
1. What does the author suggest readers do?
A. Dream big when starting singing. B. Establish a music band with friends.
C. Copy songs and styles of famous singers. D. Mix vocal exercises with self-motivation.
2. According to the text, singing practice can help you ________.
A. live a positive life B. land a place in chorus
C. create music strategies D. strengthen bonds with friends
3. The text is targeted at those who ________.
A. lack confidence in singing B. run a band or a music studio
C. want to register for a music course D. desire to win Grammy Awards
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是鼓励想要学习唱歌的人要勇敢的去尝试，并给出了一些歌唱练习的方法。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Give yourself permission to try中的“From the beginning, set your expectations in a reasonable place. Everybody can do music—singing with kids or in a chorus. You play the guitar, but you needn’t be a performer with a band. Allow yourself to try without worrying about sounding “good” at first. Singing is a skill that takes practice and time to develop.( 从一开始，就把你的期望放在一个合理的地方。每个人都可以和孩子们一起唱音乐，或者参加合唱。你会弹吉他，但你不必是乐队的演奏者。允许自己尝试，不要担心一开始听起来“好”。唱歌是一项需要练习和时间来培养的技能)”和Practice stretching your speaking voice to your singing voice中的“Make it a positive one, like “My voice is strong!” for the extra bonus of hearing some encouragement. While repeating the phrase, add some excitement to your speech—that’ll help you slide into singing naturally.(让它成为积极的，比如“我的声音很强！”作为听到一些鼓励的额外奖励。在重复这个短语的同时，给你的演讲添加一些刺激，这将帮助你自然地开始唱歌)”可知作者建议想唱歌的人要鼓励自己尝试去唱，不要害怕唱不好，所以要把歌唱联系和自我激励结合起来，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Think about singing as a gateway to others中的“Be it in a band or a chorus, you and a bunch of friends just get together and there’s something amazing about making music. It promises a really good and deep community. (无论是在乐队还是合唱团，你和一群朋友只是聚在一起，制作音乐会有一些很棒的东西。它承诺了一个非常好和深刻的团体)”可知，歌唱练习可以帮助加强和朋友之间的关系，故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“You don’t have to be a Grammy-award winner like Beyoncé to sing. Actually, it’s a skill you can learn and practice. (你不需要像Beyoncé那样成为格莱美奖得主才能唱歌。事实上，这是一种你可以学习和练习的技能)”以及整篇文章的叙述，可推断本文主要是鼓励想要学习唱歌的人要勇敢的去尝试，并给出了一些歌唱练习的方法。所以本文是针对缺乏演唱信心的人写的，故选A。
B
“Can we eat this one, Dad?” my four-year-old daughter, Alicia, asks. We’re on one of our Thursday adventures, searching the nearby woods for eatable mushrooms. She’s pointing at a bright-red cap covered with white dots. I pull out my handy mushroom-identification app, which notes that Amanita muscaria, while eatable if prepared properly, is also a known hallucinogen (致幻剂). I have a firm “tell them the truth and be as precise as possible” philosophy and explain what the app says, and that I don’t think our Thursday adventures are ready to get quite that adventurous yet.
Watching your kids learn new skills is extraordinarily rewarding, but I’ve experienced more personal growth than I have at any other point in my life.
Last year, after a winter of practicing skiing on the green tracks for beginners each week, Alicia was french-frying her way down blues and even attempted her first black. That month also witnessed me visiting the mountain more times than in the 15 years combined and I’ve got myself a partner for life.
It’s not all easy—but sometimes that’s the point. Alicia practices the violin every day, and although she enjoys it, even 15 minutes of practice can upset her. The trick, I’ve found, is to let her watch me try to get better at something, too. I start taking piano lessons at 41 years old with the idea that if she sees me struggling as I practice and then improve, she’ll understand that things don’t come easy, even for grown-ups. I know there’s going to be a time when I’ll end up on the sideline cheering her on as she finds her own passions. I’m okay with this, and I’m hoping that by then she’ll carry the joy of practice and knowledge through life.
4. What does the father imply by saying “I’ve got myself a partner for life.”?
A. It is rewarding to learn new skills. B. Skiing has become his lifelong hobby.
C. He will explore more with his daughter. D. His daughter will accompany him forever.
5. Why does the father start learning to play the piano?
A. To prove it is never too old to learn. B. To set a good example for his daughter.
C. To experience the joy of piano practice. D. To share with his daughter musical knowledge.
6. Which of the following can best describe the father?
A. Rigid and humorous. B. Cautious and inspiring.
C. Creative and thoughtful. D. Ambitious and patient.
7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. The Thrill of the Skill B. Practice Makes Perfect
C. Like Father, Like Daughter D. The Power of Knowledge
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章通过作者女儿不断的尝试各种技能的同时，父亲也做出了表率，希望女儿能够明白事情来之不易，即使对成年人来说也是如此。父亲希望技能可以给孩子带来乐趣。
【4题详解】
句意猜测题。根据第二段“Watching your kids learn new skills is extraordinarily rewarding, but I’ve experienced more personal growth than I have at any other point in my life.”（看着你的孩子学习新技能是非常值得的，但我经历的个人成长比我生命中其他任何时候都要多。）以及划线句前“Last year, after a winter of practicing skiing on the green tracks for beginners each week, Alicia was french-frying her way down blues and even attempted her first black. That month also witnessed me visiting the mountain more times than in the 15 years combined ”（去年，艾丽西亚在为初学者准备的绿色雪道上练习了一个冬天的滑雪之后，她在蓝色中级雪道一路摸索，甚至尝试了她的第一个黑色钻石雪道。那个月我去山上的次数比过去15年的总和还多）可知，孩子在探索的同时，我也在探索。所以划线句的意思是他将和女儿一起探索更多。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I start taking piano lessons at 41 years old with the idea that if she sees me struggling as I practice and then improve, she’ll understand that things don’t come easy, even for grown-ups. ”（我从41岁开始上钢琴课，心想如果她看到我在练习和进步的过程中苦苦挣扎，她就会明白事情来之不易，即使对成年人来说也是如此。）可知，父亲开始学弹钢琴为了给女儿树立一个好榜样。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“‘Can we eat this one, Dad?’ my four-year-old daughter, Alicia, asks. We’re on one of our Thursday adventures, searching the nearby woods for eatable mushrooms. She’s pointing at a bright-red cap covered with white dots. I pull out my handy mushroom-identification app, which notes that Amanita muscaria, while eatable if prepared properly, is also a known hallucinogen (致幻剂). I have a firm “tell them the truth and be as precise as possible” philosophy and explain what the app says, and that I don’t think our Thursday adventures are ready to get quite that adventurous yet.”（“我们可以吃这个吗，爸爸?”我四岁的女儿艾丽西娅(Alicia)问道。我们正在进行周四的一次冒险，在附近的树林里寻找可食用的蘑菇。她指着一顶布满白点的鲜红色帽子。我拿出手边的蘑菇识别软件，上面显示，如果准备得当，毒蝇伞虽然可以食用，但也是一种已知的致幻剂。我有一个坚定的“告诉他们真相，并尽可能精确”的理念，并解释了应用程序的内容，我认为我们的周四冒险还没有准备好进行那样的冒险。）可知，作者在女儿问他一种毒蝇伞蘑菇是否可食用，作者查找识别软件，并认为不能尝试食用这种蘑菇，说明作者是一个谨慎的人。最后一段“I start taking piano lessons at 41 years old with the idea that if she sees me struggling as I practice and then improve, she’ll understand that things don’t come easy, even for grown-ups. ”（我从41岁开始上钢琴课，心想如果她看到我在练习和进步的过程中苦苦挣扎，她就会明白事情来之不易，即使对成年人来说也是如此。）可知，父亲开始学弹钢琴为了给女儿树立一个好榜样，说明他是一个鼓舞人心的人。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“ I know there’s going to be a time when I’ll end up on the sideline cheering her on as she finds her own passions. I’m okay with this, and I’m hoping that by then she’ll carry the joy of practice and knowledge through life.”（我知道总有一天我会在场边为她加油，因为她找到了自己的激情所在。我对此没有意见，我希望到那时她会把实践和知识的乐趣贯穿一生。）可知，本文通过作者女儿不断的尝试各种技能的同时，父亲也做出了表率，希望女儿能够明白事情来之不易，即使对成年人来说也是如此。父亲希望技能可以给孩子带来乐趣。所以“技能带来的快感”符合最佳标题，故选A。
C
Plastic fishing nets, the so-called ghost nets, abandoned yearly in the sea—about 1 million tons—are more than just rubbish; they’re a killer. Fish, sea birds, and turtles get caught in the netting and die, with more species at risk.
Much shocked at this, Pranveer Singh Rathore, a materials-science engineer and materials R&D manager at Samsung, and his team set themselves the task of giving new life to the deadly nets. Last month, Samsung revealed a new line of Galaxy products made in part from recycled plastic fishing nets for the first time. The company estimates this year alone it can recycle over 50 tons of ocean-bound plastic into the key components that will go into its smartphones, tablets, and computers, thus taking a bite out of the global ghost nets problem.
It’s no small task to give waste fishing nets a second act. The nets are typically made of a substance called nylon which tends to dramatically degrade (降解) the longer it sits in the ocean and is exposed to the sun. “This makes it nearly impossible to use abandoned fishing nets directly,” Rathore explains. Besides, high-performance smartphone, tablet, or PC has to be waterproof and can survive severe weather. The nylon in the fishing nets falls far short of that level of durability (耐用).
To deal with that problem, Samsung last summer teamed up with two partners: one to collect and transform the nets into tiny nylon pellets (颗粒) while the other to strengthen their toughness and durability. The end result: The partners hit upon an eco-friendly and high-performance plastic material that’s being used to build the component parts for its latest line of products. For example, two parts of the Galaxy S22 mobile phone—the key bracket and the inner cover—are made of these fishing-net plastic materials. Samsung aims to use even more upcycled materials in future product lines.
“That’s the hope for the globe and our mission,” Rathore smiles.
8. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Rubbish in the sea. B. Recycling the deadly nets.
C. Ocean species’ extinction. D. Ghost nets’ threat to sea life.
9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The low level of durability of nylon. B. The second act of waste fishing nets.
C. The great difficulty in reusing ghost nets. D. The positive comment on Samsung’s products.
10. What is special about Samsung’s new Galaxy products?
A. They are made from tiny nylon pellets. B. They put an end to the problem of fishing nets.
C. They can stand up to water and severe weather. D. They contain materials recycled from ghost nets.
11. What can we learn about Rathore’s work?
A. It makes plastic easier to break down. B. It marks the shift of Samsung’s mission.
C. It protects the planet from choking on plastic. D. It raises public awareness of ocean exploration.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了三星公司Rathore和他的团队致力于将废弃的渔网回收再利用，并成功将其用于制作三星Galaxy系列手机，在这个突破之后，三星的目标是在未来的产品线中使用更多的升级循环材料。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段的ghost nets（幽灵网）以及“they’re a killer. Fish, sea birds, and turtles get caught in the netting and die, with more species at risk.（它们是杀手。鱼类，海鸟和海龟会被渔网捕获然后死亡，更多的物种面临灭绝的危险。）”可知海洋生物被渔网捕获后死亡，更多的物种面临灭绝的危险；第二段第一句“Much shocked at this, Pranveer Singh Rathore, a materials-science engineer and materials R&D manager at Samsung, and his team set themselves the task of giving new life to the deadly nets.（因对此感到非常震惊，三星的材料科学工程师和材料研发经理Pranveer Singh Rathore和他的团队为自己设定了为这个致命的网赋予新生命的任务。）”可知Pranveer Singh Rathore和他的团队想要赋予这个致命的网新生命，因为他们对此感到震惊，即对这个致命的网所带来的危害感到震惊才会想办法去解决这个问题，故推知划线单词this的意思是指上文提到的这个幽灵网给海洋生物所造成的威胁，故选D项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“It’s no small task to give waste fishing nets a second act. The nets are typically made of a substance called nylon which tends to dramatically degrade (降解) the longer it sits in the ocean and is exposed to the sun. “This makes it nearly impossible to use abandoned fishing nets directly,” Rathore explains. Besides, high-performance smartphone, tablet, or PC has to be waterproof and can survive severe weather. The nylon in the fishing nets falls far short of that level of durability (耐用).（让废旧渔网重获新生并不是一个小任务。这个网通常由一种称为尼龙的物质制成，这种物质在海洋中放置的时间越长，暴露在阳光下的时间越长，就会急剧降解。“这使得几乎不可能直接使用废弃的渔网，”Rathore解释说。此外，高性能智能手机、平板电脑或PC必须防水，并且能够承受恶劣的天气。渔网中的尼龙远远达不到那种耐用性的水平。）”可知本段内容主要讲述渔网主要成分是尼龙，在海洋中和阳光下时间越长越容易分解，不符合制作手机、电脑等所需材料的耐用性，所以几乎不能直接回收利用废弃的渔网，如果是几乎不能直接使用的东西又必须利用起来的话，那这之间必然存在着巨大困难；综上所述，故本段主要讲述重复使用幽灵网的难度很大，故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Last month, Samsung revealed a new line of Galaxy products made in part from recycled plastic fishing nets for the first time.（上个月，三星首次展示了由部分回收塑料渔网制成的Galaxy系列新产品。）”可知，Galaxy系列新产品的特别之处在于其含有从幽灵网中回收的材料，故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“To deal with that problem, Samsung last summer teamed up with two partners: one to collect and transform the nets into tiny nylon pellets (颗粒) while the other to strengthen their toughness and durability. The end result: The partners hit upon an eco-friendly and high-performance plastic material that’s being used to build the component parts for its latest line of products. For example, two parts of the Galaxy S22 mobile phone—the key bracket and the inner cover—are made of these fishing-net plastic materials. Samsung aims to use even more upcycled materials in future product lines.（为了解决这个问题，三星去年夏天与两个合作伙伴进行了合作：一个合作伙伴负责收集和改造这些渔网，将其制成微小尼龙颗粒，另一个负责增强渔网的韧性和耐久性。最终的结果是：合作伙伴偶然发现了一种环保的高性能塑料材料，这种材料正被用来制造其最新产品系列的零部件。例如，Galaxy S22手机的两个部分——钥匙支架和内盖——就是用这些渔网塑料制成的。三星的目标是在未来的产品线中使用更多的升级循环材料。）”可知 Rathore的团队与合作伙伴在对渔网进行处理以至于其被重复利用的时候，合作伙伴偶然发现了一种环保的高性能塑料材料，并用于制作三星最新产品系列的零部件，从而实现了对渔网的重复使用，而三星的目标是在未来的产品线中使用更多的升级循环材料，这必然会大量回收和利用废弃渔网，从而减少地球上的废弃渔网数量，故推知Rathore的工作可以保护地球不被塑料堵塞，故选C项。
D
To figure out if we can die of boredom, we first have to understand what boredom is. For help, I called James Danckert, a psychologist who studies boredom at the University of Waterloo in Canada. “A lot of people think about being bored as being lazy. And it’s absolutely not that,” he says. “Bored people want to be engaged with their world, eager to do something satisfying and exciting. But any attempt to do so is failing.”
That means boredom is usually very upsetting. And it can have physical consequences. In one of his experiments, Danckert made people extremely bored by showing them a video of two people hanging clothes to dry. He found that when people got bored, their hearts beat faster and their levels of a hormone called cortisol (皮质醇) went up, compared to when they watched another video that made them sad. These physical changes were signs that boredom was stressing them out. “It’s not like having a full-on panic attack,” Danckert says. But it’s certainly enough to make boredom unpleasant.
Let’s come back to if boredom can kill you. Back in the 1980s, scientists asked people who worked for the British government a whole bunch of questions, including how bored they felt in their daily lives. The study tracked the participants over time. When any one of them died, the survey recorded the cause of death. In 2010, two researchers matched up these causes of death with the participants’ level of boredom. It turned out that people who said they were more bored were also more likely to have died of heart disease. “We know that prolonged exposure to stress is bad for your health,” Danckert says. A single boring day can’t kill you. But if you’re always bored, the stress could add up into something dangerous.
“Oh no,” you might be thinking. “School is boring, my friends are boring, everything is boring! What’s going to happen to me?” Don’t worry, Danckert says: “As you get older, you get less bored,” mainly because you gain more independence and have to get busy to achieve your long-term goals. And trust me: that’s anything but boring.
12. According to James Danckert, people feel bored because ________.
A. they are too lazy to do anything B. they can’t gain excitement in life
C. they are too frightened to have a try D. they can’t fully understand boredom
13. What can we learn from paragraph 2?
A. Doing housework will make people bored. B. People’s heart rate increases with boredom.
C. Physical changes can lead to extreme boredom. D. Watching something sad is a boring experience.
14. What does the underlined word “prolonged” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Continued. B. Repeated. C. Sudden. D. Active.
15. What does Danckert recommend to save people from boredom?
A. Depending on friends. B. Setting long-term goals.
C. Keeping yourself occupied. D. Trusting people around you.
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。解释了无聊并不等同于懒惰，而是生活中没有令人兴奋的事情。而且无聊会让人心跳加快，皮质醇激素上升，让人有压力，进而导致健康问题。建议人们忙起来去摆脱无聊。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“ “A lot of people think about being bored as being lazy. And it’s absolutely not that,” he says. “Bored people want to be engaged with their world, eager to do something satisfying and exciting. But any attempt to do so is failing.” ”(“许多人把无聊认作为懒惰。绝对不是那样，”他说。“感到无聊的人想要参与到他们的世界中，渴望做一些令人满意和令人兴奋的事情。但是任何这样做的尝试都是失败的。”)可知，James Danckert认为人们感到无聊是因为在生活中没有令人兴奋的事。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“He found that when people got bored, their hearts beat faster and their levels of a hormone called cortisol (皮质醇) went up, compared to when they watched another video that made them sad.”(他发现与看另一个让他们难过的视频相比，人们感到无聊的时候，他们的心跳更快，并且一种叫做皮质醇的激素水平上升。)可知，人们的心率会随着无聊感增加。故选B。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段“A single boring day can’t kill you. But if you’re always bored, the stress could add up into something dangerous.”(无聊的一天不会杀害你。但是如果你总是感到无聊，压力会累加成危险的东西。)可知，持续累加的压力会让人处于危险中。这句话是对前句的解释，所以前句中“prolonged exposure to stress”应表示持续暴露在压力下，即prolonged为持续的意思。A. Continued持续的；B. Repeated重复的；C. Sudden突然的；D. Active积极的。故选A。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Don’t worry, Danckert says: “As you get older, you get less bored,” mainly because you gain more independence and have to get busy to achieve your long-term goals.”(别担心，Danckert说：“随着你年纪增长，你会变得不那么无聊，”主要因为你会更独立并且不得不忙于实现你的长期目标。)可知，忙起来就不会感到那么无聊。所以，Danckert建议人们要忙起来去摆脱无聊。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Rene Campbell has devoted most of her life to shaping her figure into one completely against what society thinks a woman should look like.
“I was always very insecure about my body image, as everyone seemed to know for sure that women needed to look a certain way,” she says when reflecting on her motivation to transform herself. ____16____ For quite some time, she struggled with eating disorders because she was trying to keep her weight really low and appear skinny, like the women on magazine covers. ____17____ It was then that she became attracted by the way these seemingly confident women held themselves.
However, building her dream body—gaining over 85 pounds, going from a size 8 to 14—has had its challenges, too. “____18____ When I tell them that I am a female bodybuilder, the first reaction is, ‘Muscles for women are just not attractive,’” Campbell says. Though she loves the way she now looks, she is sometimes treated with cruelty.
____19____Even though there is a huge market encouraging women to build muscles and tighten their figures, the ideal still stands for smaller waists, and thin legs, the so-called perfect figure. For women to build up strong muscles, it takes a strong heart.
“I gradually learn to ignore others’ voices and become committed to the training. It is a very big shift for me, and it has won me plenty of awards. ____20____ My bodybuilding journey makes me realize that I need to do things for myself.” Campbell says.
A. She was constantly feeling under pressure.
B. Women have to pay a huge price to build a slim figure.
C. It does bring a sense of confidence and mental strength.
D. The body of super-muscular women is considered unwelcome.
E. Luckily, Campbell was chosen to shoot for one of the magazines.
F. People don’t understand why women would want to be muscular.
G. Purely by chance, Campbell attended a women’s bodybuilding show.
【答案】16. A 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【分析】本文属于说明文，文章讲了Rene Campbell女士用一生的大部分时间改变自己的身材。起初她也喜欢所谓完美的瘦身材，但后来才意识到，对于女性来说不必在意他人的言语，女性也要有强健的肌肉，也要有坚强的心。
【16题详解】
上文“I was always very insecure about my body image, as everyone seemed to know for sure that women needed to look a certain way（我对自己的身体形象总是很没有安全感，因为每个人似乎都确切地知道女人需要看起来有某种样子。）” Rene Campbell在为自己的身材焦虑；设空后说“For quite some time, she struggled with eating disorders because she was trying to keep her weight really low and appear skinny, like the women on magazine covers.（在相当长的一段时间里，她一直在与饮食失调作斗争，因为她试图保持体重很低，看起来很瘦，就像杂志封面上的女性一样。）”她在努力尝试让自己的变瘦变自信。因此推断她所谓的自信身材对Rene Campbell施加负面影响。选项A.“She was constantly feeling under pressure.（她经常感觉到压力满满）”。符合上下文语境。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据空后“It was then that she became attracted by the way these seemingly confident women held themselves.（就在那时，她开始被这些看似自信的女性展示自己的方式所吸引）”，Rene Campbell被这些看似自信的女性展示自己的方式所吸引，就萌生了想要健身的想法。所以Rene Campbell应该是受什么触动、或者看到了什么东西之后才会被吸引。G.“Purely by chance, Campbell attended a women’s bodybuilding show.（纯属偶然，Rene Campbell参加了一场女子健美表演。）”符合语境，因此下文内容。故选G。
【18题详解】
下文“When I tell them that I am a female bodybuilder, the first reaction is, ‘Muscles for women are just not attractive,’（ 当我告诉他们我是一名女性健美运动员时，他们的第一反应是，‘女性的肌肉不吸引人。’)”说明人们不理解女性的健美，F项“People don’t understand why women would want to be muscular.（人们不明白为什么女人想要肌肉发达。）”与下文一致，故选F。
【19题详解】
下文“Even though there is a huge market encouraging women to build muscles and tighten their figures, the ideal still stands for smaller waists, and thin legs, the so-called perfect figure. For women to build up strong muscles, it takes a strong heart.( 尽管有一个巨大的市场鼓励女性锻炼肌肉和控制体型，但理想的身材仍然代表更小的腰围、更细的腿，即所谓的完美身材。女性要想锻炼出强健的肌肉，需要一个强壮的心脏)”说明人们不喜欢肌肉女。D项“The body of super-muscular women is considered unwelcome.（超级肌肉发达的女性的身体被认为是不受欢迎的。）”符合本段主旨。故选D。
【20题详解】
上文“It is a very big shift for me, and it has won me plenty of awards.（这对我来说是一个很大的转变，它为我赢得了很多回报。）”说明Campbell says从健美中获得益处。C项“It does bring a sense of confidence and mental strength.（它确实带来了信心和精神力量。）”符合语境，因此下文“ My bodybuilding journey makes me realize that I need to do things for myself.(我的健身之旅让我意识到，我需要为自己做一些事情。)”,表明Campbell变得自信。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was cleaning out a cupboard the other day when I made an amazing discovery. Inside I ____21____ the manuscript (手稿) for a novel. It included an outline of the ____22____ and a pile of typed pages telling a story. It was written, to my ____23____, by my father who has been dead for more than 50 years. It isn’t ____24____, as novels go, perhaps fifty or sixty typed pages, but without my ____25____ it has somehow accompanied me through my years of ____26____, several jobs, a marriage, the birth of my children and grandchildren, retirement and even a relocation across the country where I live.
Yet there it was, resting under a lot of paper to be recycled. I might have ____27____ my father’s legacy (遗产). I was truly ____28____ by my discovery.
I’m in the middle of reading another book ____29____ my dad’s novel has a place on my bed-side table. I want to have some _____30_____ time for it so I haven’t _____31_____ examined it yet. I’m going to spend a whole afternoon to give it the _____32_____ it deserves. As yet I don’t know what the story line is about and I don’t even know if it is complete but I _____33_____ a highly emotional process of finding out.
I find it fascinating to think that this could happen; that after more than fifty years my father could _____34_____ his only son through the mists of time. It’s one of those things that we don’t see coming and that make life so _____35_____.
21. A. locked B. found C. placed D. hid
22. A. notes B. reviews C. chapters D. references
23. A. regret B. relief C. satisfaction D. amazement
24. A. long B. fun C. popular D. romantic
25. A. support B. knowledge C. approval D. reach
26. A. life B. writing C. reflection D. education
27. A. cleared away B. passed down C. counted on D. handed out
28. A. bothered B. caught C. shaken D. disturbed
29. A. or B. so C. but D. for
30. A. easy B. quick C. rough D. clear
31. A. briefly B. closely C. happily D. calmly
32. A. honor B. comment C. reward D. attention
33. A. design B. anticipate C. evaluate D. record
34. A. touch B. raise C. help D. protect
35. A. peaceful B. successful C. interesting D. smooth
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我在打扫橱柜时意外发现了已经去世的父亲写的小说，在阅读小说的过程中，仿佛我和父亲隔着时间有了再次的接触，这让我感到很有趣。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在里面发现了一本小说的手稿。A. locked锁；B. found发现；C. placed放置；D. hid隐藏。根据上文“I was cleaning out a cupboard the other day when I made an amazing discovery.”可知，我在清理橱柜时有了一个惊人的发现，由此可知，我在橱柜里发现了一本小说的手稿。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它包括一个章节的大纲和一堆讲述故事的打印页。A. notes笔记；B. reviews回顾；C. chapters章；D. references参考。根据上文“the manuscript (手稿) for a novel”可知，我发现了一本小说的手稿，由此可知，手稿中包括介绍小说章节的大纲。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这是我父亲写的，他已经去世50多年了。A. regret后悔；B. relief宽慰；C. satisfaction满意；D. amazement惊奇，惊讶。根据句中“by my father who has been dead for more than 50 years”可知，这本小说是由我已经去世50多年的父亲写的，而我却不知道，由此可知，这是令我惊讶的。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就小说而言，它并不长，可能有五六十页的打印页，但在我不知情的情况下，它陪伴着我度过了我的教育、几份工作、一段婚姻、我的孩子和孙子的出生、退休，甚至是在我居住的国家的一次搬迁。A. long长的；B. fun有趣的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. romantic浪漫的。根据句中“perhaps fifty or sixty typed pages”可知，小说只有五六十页，由此可知，就小说而言，它并不长。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就小说而言，它并不长，可能有五六十页的打印页，但在我不知情的情况下，它陪伴着我度过了我的教育、几份工作、一段婚姻、我的孩子和孙子的出生、退休，甚至是在我居住的国家的一次搬迁。A. support支持；B. knowledge知晓；C. approval批准；D. reach范围，领域。根据上文“I was cleaning out a cupboard the other day when I made an amazing discovery.”可知，我是在清理橱柜时偶然发现小说手稿的，由此可知，小说手稿在我不知情的情况下一直陪伴着我，“without one’s knowledge”意为“在某人不知情的情况下”。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就小说而言，它并不长，可能有五六十页的打印页，但在我不知情的情况下，它陪伴着我度过了我的教育、几份工作、一段婚姻、我的孩子和孙子的出生、退休，甚至是在我居住的国家的一次搬迁。A. life生活；B. writing写作；C. reflection反射；D. education教育。根据空格后“several jobs, a marriage, the birth of my children and grandchildren”可知，句中按照时间顺序讲述小说一直陪伴着我，“several jobs”意为“几份工作”，在工作之前我应该是接受教育。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我可能已经清除了我父亲的遗产。A. cleared away清除；B. passed down传递；C. counted on依赖；D. handed out分发。根据上文“Yet there it was, resting under a lot of paper to be recycled.”可知，小说手稿在大量待回收的纸张下，由此可知，我可能把小说手稿当作待回收的纸张，然后把它们清除掉。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的被我的发现震惊了。A. bothered打扰；B. caught抓住；C. shaken使非常震惊；D. disturbed干扰。根据上文“I made an amazing discovery”中的“amazing”可知，这个发现是令人震惊的，由此可知，我真的被我的发现震惊了。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我正在读另一本书，但我爸爸的小说放在我床边的桌子上。A. or或者；B. so所以；C. but但是；D. for因为。根据空格前“I’m in the middle of reading another book”和空格后“my dad’s novel has a place on my bed-side table”可知，句子前后为转折关系，虽然我正在读另一本书，但我把爸爸的小说放在我床边的桌子上。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想有一些明确的时间阅读它，所以我还没有仔细地检查它。A. easy容易的；B. quick快的；C. rough粗糙的；D. clear明确的。根据下文“I’m going to spend a whole afternoon to give it the _____ it deserves.”可知，我打算花一整个下午的时间来读小说，由此可知，我很重视它，想有一些明确的时间阅读它。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想有一些明确的时间阅读它，所以我还没有仔细地检查它。A. briefly短暂地；B. closely仔细地；C. happily高兴地；D. calmly镇静地。根据下文“I’m going to spend a whole afternoon to give it the _____ it deserves.”可知，我打算花一整个下午的时间来读小说，由此可知，我很重视它，因为现在还没有明确的时间阅读它，所以还没有仔细地检查它。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我要花一整个下午的时间来给予它应有的关注。A. honor荣誉；B. comment评论；C. reward奖励；D. attention关注。根据下文“but I _____ a highly emotional process of finding out”可知，我期待阅读这本小说的过程，由此可知，我想要花一整个下午的时间来给予这本小说应有的关注。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，我还不知道故事情节是关于什么的，我甚至不知道它是否完整，但我期盼着一个非常激动人心的发现过程。A. design设计；B. anticipate期盼；C. evaluate评价；D. record记录。根据上文“I want to have some _____ time for it”可知，我想有一些明确的时间来阅读它，由此可知，我很重视这本小说，期盼着阅读的过程。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我觉得很有意思，认为这可能发生；50多年后，我父亲可以透过时间的迷雾接触他的独生子。A. touch接触，触摸；B. raise抚养；C. help帮助；D. protect保护。根据上文“by my father who has been dead for more than 50 years”可知，我父亲已经去世50多年了，由此可知，通过阅读父亲写的小说，我和父亲之间再次有了接触。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我们看不到会发生什么的事情之一，让生活变得如此有趣。A. peaceful和平的；B. successful成功的；C. interesting有趣的；D. smooth平滑的。根据上文“I find it fascinating to think that this could happen”可知，我觉得通过小说和去世的父亲再次接触很有意思，由此可知，这让生活变得很有趣。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was Dragonboat Day. Shiny white tents lined the waterfront, ____36____ (provide) shade and refreshments for Dragon Boat paddlers (桨手) from all over California, ____37____ gathered around the Castaic Lake for a festive competition.
Giggling kids raced cheerfully along the lakeside beach, ____38____ their parents enjoying the shady picnic areas under the trees along the shore. “It’s a great day out,” said Paul Lin, co-founder for Castaic’s own Dragon Eyes team.
Dragonboat racing has been going on for thousands of years in China, ____39____ (initial) in honor of the Chinese water dragon deity (神) in an effort to call down rain ____40____ avoid misfortune and disaster.
In the race, a drummer ____41____ (use) a large traditional wooden drum to keep the paddlers on beat, while a steersman in the back keeps them in their lane.
Lin said a friend got him ____42____ (involve) in dragonboat racing over a decade ago. In 2018, they ____43____(decide) to host their own festival. “There’s something really special to be learned from our dragonboat motto: ‘One Boat, One Beat,’” he said. “Paddlers come from all walks of life and that kind of ____44____ (close) with people is nowhere else to be seen.”
“We really want to help expand awareness and grow the sport,” Lin said. “We’re hoping one day it’ll become_____45_____Olympic sport.”
【答案】36. providing
37. who 38. with
39. initially
40. and 41. uses
42. involved
43. decided
44. closeness
45. an
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在加州卡斯泰克湖举办中国传统的龙舟比赛。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：闪亮的白色帐篷排列在码头，为聚集在卡斯泰克湖周围来自加州各地的参加节日比赛的龙舟桨手提供了阴凉处和点心。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“lined”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“provide”意为“提供”，动词词性，“tents”和“provide”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“provide”的现在分词“providing”，作状语。故填providing。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：闪亮的白色帐篷排列在码头，为聚集在卡斯泰克湖周围来自加州各地的参加节日比赛的龙舟桨手提供了阴凉处和点心。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“paddlers”，指人，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词“who”引导从句。故填who。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：咯咯笑的孩子们欢快地沿着湖边的海滩奔跑，他们的父母在岸边的树下享受着阴凉的野餐区。分析句子可知，句中“_____ their parents enjoying the shady picnic areas”为with的复合结构，在句中作状语，故空格处应用“with”，介词词性。故填with。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：龙舟竞赛在中国已有数千年的历史，最初是为了纪念中国的水龙神，目的是为了求雨，避免不幸和灾难。分析句子可知，“in honor of”意为“为了纪念……”，应用副词修饰，在句中作状语，“initial”意为“最初的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为“initially”，意为“最初”。故填initially。
【40题详解】
考查连词。句意：龙舟竞赛在中国已有数千年的历史，最初是为了纪念中国的水龙神，目的是为了求雨，避免不幸和灾难。分析句子可知，“call down rain”和“avoid misfortune and disaster”之间为并列关系，都是纪念中国的水龙神的目的，应用连词“and”连接，表并列。故填and。
【41题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在比赛中，鼓手使用一个传统的大木鼓来保持桨手的节奏，而后面的舵手则让他们保持在自己的航道上。分析句子可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“use”意为“使用”，动词词性，“drummer”为可数名词单数，故应用“use”的三单形式“uses”。故填uses。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：林说，十多年前，一位朋友让他参与了龙舟比赛。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“got”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“involve”意为“参加”，动词词性，“him”和“involve”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“involve”的过去分词“involved”，作宾语补足语。故填involved。
【43题详解】
考查时态。句意：2018年，他们决定举办自己的节日。根据句中“In 2018”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，“decide”意为“决定”，动词词性，过去式为“decided”。故填decided。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：桨手来自各行各业，这种与人的亲密关系在其他任何地方都看不到。分析句子可知，介词“of”后应用名词，在句中作主语，“close”意为“亲密的”，形容词词性，对应的名词为“closeness”，意为“亲密”，为不可数名词。故填closeness。
45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我们希望有一天它会成为一项奥林匹克运动。分析句子可知，句中泛指一项奥林匹克运动，空格处应用不定冠词，“Olympic”音标的第一个音素为元音音素，故应用不定冠词“an”。故填an。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，外教Mark邀请你本周日陪他去夫子庙游玩，但你因故不能前往。请你写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.感谢邀请;
2.说明原因;
3.另约时间。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear Mark,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Mark,
Thank you for inviting me to go to the Confucius Temple with you this Sunday.
However, I am afraid that I could not manage it, because there will be an important test next Monday. With tons of notes to go through, I can hardly squeeze any time for the trip this weekend. I wonder if it is possible that we reschedule it for another time.
I hope this will not bring you too much inconvenience. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mark写一封电子邮件，因不能本周日陪他去夫子庙游玩而道歉。
【详解】1.词汇积累
许多： tons of→lots of/scores of
是否：if → whether
重新安排：reschedule→rearrange
希望：hope→ wish
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With tons of notes to go through, I can hardly squeeze any time for the trip this weekend
拓展句：With tons of notes which needs going through, I can hardly squeeze any time for the trip this weekend
【点睛】【高分句型1】However, I am afraid that I could not manage it, because there will be an important test next Monday. （运用了that引导的宾语从句和because引导的状语从句）
【高分句型2】I wonder if it is possible that we reschedule it for another time.（运用了if引导的宾语从句以及it作形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My teenage son, Jordan, always complained about having to be home earlier than all his friends. He would tell me that he was already seventeen, but still had a curfew (宵禁). He believed he was practically an adult. I pointed out that he was not an adult as he was still in high school.
“You don’t trust me!” he yelled. Before I continued, he rolled his eyes, slammed the door and walked away. I sighed. How could I make Jordan see that I only wanted to keep him safe?
I decided to go for a walk, hoping the December air would clear my head. I opened the front door and nearly stepped on her: a small black cat, just like a meatball. “Hi, Meatball,” I said, bringing her into my arms. I walked back in, touching her neck gently. Meatball seemed happy enough to come in the house, but after an hour or two, she sat by the door, meowing to go back outside.
“Why won’t she just stay in with us all the time?” Nathan, my youngest son asked.
I explained to him that she was happy here but she liked being able to come and go as she pleased.
“That must be nice,” Jordan muttered from the other room, complaining why the cat, not him, could come and go. He even asked me to give Meatball a curfew.
Meatball became a regular.
One night, temperatures were unusually low. Meatball stood at the door, meowing to go outside.
I shook my head at her, afraid that she might freeze to death. She stared at me and meowed again. I patted her head, “I know you’re not happy, but it’s for your own good.”
“Mom’s not being mean to you,” Nathan told the cat. “She’s just trying to keep you from turning into a frozen meatball.” We both laughed at his joke.
The next morning, I couldn’t find Meatball. I asked the kids if anyone had seen her.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Jordan nodded, “I let her out last night.”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As I drove to the animal hospital, Jordan sat in the back, holding Meatball inside his coat.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Jordan nodded “I let her out last night.” My mouth dropped open. “She was outside all night?” I was so furious, “It was freezing and she could die!” Jordan choked back his words, stunned. I grabbed my coat and rushed outside. Jordan followed, fear welling up in his eyes. Several minutes later, the poor thing was found, shaking and curling into a tiny ball. I picked her up, unsure whether she was alive or dead. Jordan was scared, “We need a vet! Now!”
As I drove to the animal hospital, Jordan sat in the back, holding Meatball inside his coat. I could hear him talking to the cat, apologizing repeatedly. Luckily, the vet saved Meatball. Seeing her eyes open, Jordan stroked her head, all tears. Then, surprisingly, he turned to me. He apologized for what he had done. “I know you just want to keep me safe,” he murmured. I felt a lump in my throat. He rubbed Meatball’s back, “Looks like we are both going to observe the curfew. It’s for our own good.”
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的儿子抱怨作者不让他晚上外出，但是在通过猫被夜里放出而差点被冻死的事情后，他儿子终于明白作者不让他出去是为了他的安全着想。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①.由第一段首句内容：乔丹点点头，“我昨晚放她出来的。”可知，第一段可描写猫被放出去后他们去寻找的过程以及猫被找到后的状态。
②.由第二段首句内容：“当我开车去动物医院的时候，乔丹坐在后面，把肉球放在外套里。”可知，第二段可描写他们将猫送去救治的过程以及乔丹的懊悔。
2.续写线索：去找猫——发现猫——发现猫状态不对——送去救治——猫得救——乔丹懊悔
3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）
行为类
①.抓住：grab/grasp
②.轻抚：stroke/ pet
③.拯救：save/ rescue
情绪类
①.非常愤怒： so furious / so angry
②.恐惧的：scared/ terrified
【点睛】[高分句型1] As I drove to the animal hospital, Jordan sat in the back, holding Meatball inside his coat.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Seeing her eyes open, Jordan stroked her head, all tears.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）
听力答案：1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. B 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. C 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. B 20. A
南京市2023届高三年级学情调研
英 语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the weather like today?
A. Cool. B. Windy. C. Hot.
2. What does the man plan to do?
A. Buy a gift. B. Visit a friend. C. Have some coffee.
3. Why does the woman phone up?
A. To ask for a morning call. B. To pay for the room service. C. To search for an art museum.
4. When will the football game start?
A. At 6: 00. B. At 6: 30. C. At 7: 00.
5. What can we know about the woman?
A. She is a victim. B. She is a fast runner. C. She is shortsighted.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man like best about the old trains?
A. Their power. B. Their size. C. Their steam.
7. What kind of trains does the woman want to see tomorrow?
A Black trains. B. Green trains. C. Red trains.
听第7段材料，回答第8至第10题。
8. Where are the speakers?
A. In a bank. B. In a restaurant. C. In a customer center.
9. How much is the woman charged for the service?
A. 5 dollars. B. 10 dollars. C. 55 dollars.
10. What does the woman suggest?
A. Taking on more staff. B. Putting on some music. C. Focusing on food quality.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Workmates. C. Coach and trainee.
12. Why has the woman gained weight?
A. She lives an unhealthy life. B. She has no time to exercise. C. She suffers from work pressure.
13. What will the man do ahead of time?
A. Jog to warm up. B. Buy an exercise bike. C. Reserve a tennis court.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the conversation mainly about?
A. Grade points. B. Time management. C. University majors.
15. Which subject is the woman good at?
A. Economics. B. History. C. Psychology.
16. What does the man think of his college teachers?
A. They are humorous. B. They are very strict. C. They are hard-working.
17. What caused the man’s poor performance?
A. Hanging out with his friends.
B. Wasting time checking his phone.
C. Being addicted to computer games.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What do people usually do in a teahouse?
A. Work on a laptop. B. Associate with others. C. Perform Beijing Operas.
19. What does the speaker think of traditional teahouses?
A. Quiet. B. Crowded. C. Elegant.
20. What discourages ordinary people from visiting today’s teahouses?
A. High costs. B. Poor service. C. Old-fashioned decoration.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
You don’t have to be a Grammy-award winner like Beyoncé to sing. Actually, it’s a skill you can learn and practice.
Give yourself permission to try
From the beginning, set your expectations in a reasonable place. Everybody can do music—singing with kids or in a chorus. You play the guitar, but you needn’t be a performer with a band.
Allow yourself to try without worrying about sounding “good” at first. Singing is a skill that takes practice and time to develop.
Practice stretching your speaking voice to your singing voice
A few exercises help make that transition:
Take a speaking phrase and start to stretch it. Make it a positive one, like “My voice is strong!” for the extra bonus of hearing some encouragement. While repeating the phrase, add some excitement to your speech—that’ll help you slide into singing naturally.
There are also many vocal (发声) exercises online.
Find your own singing style
To find what songs and styles suit you best, a music talent has established a singing method (Click HERE to find out) focusing on creating strategies specific to you.
You can copy sounds but remember you’re trying to find your voice. Let Beyoncé be Beyoncé. Let whoever be whoever. That’s their identity. It’s important to say, “What do I sound like?”
Think about singing as a gateway to others
This process is as much about self-acceptance as it is about building community.
Be it in a band or a chorus, you and a bunch of friends just get together and there’s something amazing about making music. It promises a really good and deep community.
For more help, you can email us at moreinfo@lifekit.org.
1. What does the author suggest readers do?
A. Dream big when starting singing. B. Establish a music band with friends.
C. Copy songs and styles of famous singers. D. Mix vocal exercises with self-motivation.
2. According to the text, singing practice can help you ________.
A. live a positive life B. land a place in chorus
C. create music strategies D. strengthen bonds with friends
3. The text is targeted at those who ________.
A. lack confidence in singing B. run a band or a music studio
C. want to register for a music course D. desire to win Grammy Awards
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是鼓励想要学习唱歌的人要勇敢的去尝试，并给出了一些歌唱练习的方法。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Give yourself permission to try中的“From the beginning, set your expectations in a reasonable place. Everybody can do music—singing with kids or in a chorus. You play the guitar, but you needn’t be a performer with a band. Allow yourself to try without worrying about sounding “good” at first. Singing is a skill that takes practice and time to develop.( 从一开始，就把你的期望放在一个合理的地方。每个人都可以和孩子们一起唱音乐，或者参加合唱。你会弹吉他，但你不必是乐队的演奏者。允许自己尝试，不要担心一开始听起来“好”。唱歌是一项需要练习和时间来培养的技能)”和Practice stretching your speaking voice to your singing voice中的“Make it a positive one, like “My voice is strong!” for the extra bonus of hearing some encouragement. While repeating the phrase, add some excitement to your speech—that’ll help you slide into singing naturally.(让它成为积极的，比如“我的声音很强！”作为听到一些鼓励的额外奖励。在重复这个短语的同时，给你的演讲添加一些刺激，这将帮助你自然地开始唱歌)”可知作者建议想唱歌的人要鼓励自己尝试去唱，不要害怕唱不好，所以要把歌唱联系和自我激励结合起来，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Think about singing as a gateway to others中的“Be it in a band or a chorus, you and a bunch of friends just get together and there’s something amazing about making music. It promises a really good and deep community. (无论是在乐队还是合唱团，你和一群朋友只是聚在一起，制作音乐会有一些很棒的东西。它承诺了一个非常好和深刻的团体)”可知，歌唱练习可以帮助加强和朋友之间的关系，故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“You don’t have to be a Grammy-award winner like Beyoncé to sing. Actually, it’s a skill you can learn and practice. (你不需要像Beyoncé那样成为格莱美奖得主才能唱歌。事实上，这是一种你可以学习和练习的技能)”以及整篇文章的叙述，可推断本文主要是鼓励想要学习唱歌的人要勇敢的去尝试，并给出了一些歌唱练习的方法。所以本文是针对缺乏演唱信心的人写的，故选A。
B
“Can we eat this one, Dad?” my four-year-old daughter, Alicia, asks. We’re on one of our Thursday adventures, searching the nearby woods for eatable mushrooms. She’s pointing at a bright-red cap covered with white dots. I pull out my handy mushroom-identification app, which notes that Amanita muscaria, while eatable if prepared properly, is also a known hallucinogen (致幻剂). I have a firm “tell them the truth and be as precise as possible” philosophy and explain what the app says, and that I don’t think our Thursday adventures are ready to get quite that adventurous yet.
Watching your kids learn new skills is extraordinarily rewarding, but I’ve experienced more personal growth than I have at any other point in my life.
Last year, after a winter of practicing skiing on the green tracks for beginners each week, Alicia was french-frying her way down blues and even attempted her first black. That month also witnessed me visiting the mountain more times than in the 15 years combined and I’ve got myself a partner for life.
It’s not all easy—but sometimes that’s the point. Alicia practices the violin every day, and although she enjoys it, even 15 minutes of practice can upset her. The trick, I’ve found, is to let her watch me try to get better at something, too. I start taking piano lessons at 41 years old with the idea that if she sees me struggling as I practice and then improve, she’ll understand that things don’t come easy, even for grown-ups. I know there’s going to be a time when I’ll end up on the sideline cheering her on as she finds her own passions. I’m okay with this, and I’m hoping that by then she’ll carry the joy of practice and knowledge through life.
4. What does the father imply by saying “I’ve got myself a partner for life.”?
A. It is rewarding to learn new skills. B. Skiing has become his lifelong hobby.
C. He will explore more with his daughter. D. His daughter will accompany him forever.
5. Why does the father start learning to play the piano?
A. To prove it is never too old to learn. B. To set a good example for his daughter.
C. To experience the joy of piano practice. D. To share with his daughter musical knowledge.
6. Which of the following can best describe the father?
A. Rigid and humorous. B. Cautious and inspiring.
C. Creative and thoughtful. D. Ambitious and patient.
7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. The Thrill of the Skill B. Practice Makes Perfect
C. Like Father, Like Daughter D. The Power of Knowledge
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章通过作者女儿不断的尝试各种技能的同时，父亲也做出了表率，希望女儿能够明白事情来之不易，即使对成年人来说也是如此。父亲希望技能可以给孩子带来乐趣。
【4题详解】
句意猜测题。根据第二段“Watching your kids learn new skills is extraordinarily rewarding, but I’ve experienced more personal growth than I have at any other point in my life.”（看着你的孩子学习新技能是非常值得的，但我经历的个人成长比我生命中其他任何时候都要多。）以及划线句前“Last year, after a winter of practicing skiing on the green tracks for beginners each week, Alicia was french-frying her way down blues and even attempted her first black. That month also witnessed me visiting the mountain more times than in the 15 years combined ”（去年，艾丽西亚在为初学者准备的绿色雪道上练习了一个冬天的滑雪之后，她在蓝色中级雪道一路摸索，甚至尝试了她的第一个黑色钻石雪道。那个月我去山上的次数比过去15年的总和还多）可知，孩子在探索的同时，我也在探索。所以划线句的意思是他将和女儿一起探索更多。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I start taking piano lessons at 41 years old with the idea that if she sees me struggling as I practice and then improve, she’ll understand that things don’t come easy, even for grown-ups. ”（我从41岁开始上钢琴课，心想如果她看到我在练习和进步的过程中苦苦挣扎，她就会明白事情来之不易，即使对成年人来说也是如此。）可知，父亲开始学弹钢琴为了给女儿树立一个好榜样。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“‘Can we eat this one, Dad?’ my four-year-old daughter, Alicia, asks. We’re on one of our Thursday adventures, searching the nearby woods for eatable mushrooms. She’s pointing at a bright-red cap covered with white dots. I pull out my handy mushroom-identification app, which notes that Amanita muscaria, while eatable if prepared properly, is also a known hallucinogen (致幻剂). I have a firm “tell them the truth and be as precise as possible” philosophy and explain what the app says, and that I don’t think our Thursday adventures are ready to get quite that adventurous yet.”（“我们可以吃这个吗，爸爸?”我四岁的女儿艾丽西娅(Alicia)问道。我们正在进行周四的一次冒险，在附近的树林里寻找可食用的蘑菇。她指着一顶布满白点的鲜红色帽子。我拿出手边的蘑菇识别软件，上面显示，如果准备得当，毒蝇伞虽然可以食用，但也是一种已知的致幻剂。我有一个坚定的“告诉他们真相，并尽可能精确”的理念，并解释了应用程序的内容，我认为我们的周四冒险还没有准备好进行那样的冒险。）可知，作者在女儿问他一种毒蝇伞蘑菇是否可食用，作者查找识别软件，并认为不能尝试食用这种蘑菇，说明作者是一个谨慎的人。最后一段“I start taking piano lessons at 41 years old with the idea that if she sees me struggling as I practice and then improve, she’ll understand that things don’t come easy, even for grown-ups. ”（我从41岁开始上钢琴课，心想如果她看到我在练习和进步的过程中苦苦挣扎，她就会明白事情来之不易，即使对成年人来说也是如此。）可知，父亲开始学弹钢琴为了给女儿树立一个好榜样，说明他是一个鼓舞人心的人。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“ I know there’s going to be a time when I’ll end up on the sideline cheering her on as she finds her own passions. I’m okay with this, and I’m hoping that by then she’ll carry the joy of practice and knowledge through life.”（我知道总有一天我会在场边为她加油，因为她找到了自己的激情所在。我对此没有意见，我希望到那时她会把实践和知识的乐趣贯穿一生。）可知，本文通过作者女儿不断的尝试各种技能的同时，父亲也做出了表率，希望女儿能够明白事情来之不易，即使对成年人来说也是如此。父亲希望技能可以给孩子带来乐趣。所以“技能带来的快感”符合最佳标题，故选A。
C
Plastic fishing nets, the so-called ghost nets, abandoned yearly in the sea—about 1 million tons—are more than just rubbish; they’re a killer. Fish, sea birds, and turtles get caught in the netting and die, with more species at risk.
Much shocked at this, Pranveer Singh Rathore, a materials-science engineer and materials R&D manager at Samsung, and his team set themselves the task of giving new life to the deadly nets. Last month, Samsung revealed a new line of Galaxy products made in part from recycled plastic fishing nets for the first time. The company estimates this year alone it can recycle over 50 tons of ocean-bound plastic into the key components that will go into its smartphones, tablets, and computers, thus taking a bite out of the global ghost nets problem.
It’s no small task to give waste fishing nets a second act. The nets are typically made of a substance called nylon which tends to dramatically degrade (降解) the longer it sits in the ocean and is exposed to the sun. “This makes it nearly impossible to use abandoned fishing nets directly,” Rathore explains. Besides, high-performance smartphone, tablet, or PC has to be waterproof and can survive severe weather. The nylon in the fishing nets falls far short of that level of durability (耐用).
To deal with that problem, Samsung last summer teamed up with two partners: one to collect and transform the nets into tiny nylon pellets (颗粒) while the other to strengthen their toughness and durability. The end result: The partners hit upon an eco-friendly and high-performance plastic material that’s being used to build the component parts for its latest line of products. For example, two parts of the Galaxy S22 mobile phone—the key bracket and the inner cover—are made of these fishing-net plastic materials. Samsung aims to use even more upcycled materials in future product lines.
“That’s the hope for the globe and our mission,” Rathore smiles.
8. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Rubbish in the sea. B. Recycling the deadly nets.
C. Ocean species’ extinction. D. Ghost nets’ threat to sea life.
9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The low level of durability of nylon. B. The second act of waste fishing nets.
C. The great difficulty in reusing ghost nets. D. The positive comment on Samsung’s products.
10. What is special about Samsung’s new Galaxy products?
A. They are made from tiny nylon pellets. B. They put an end to the problem of fishing nets.
C. They can stand up to water and severe weather. D. They contain materials recycled from ghost nets.
11. What can we learn about Rathore’s work?
A. It makes plastic easier to break down. B. It marks the shift of Samsung’s mission.
C. It protects the planet from choking on plastic. D. It raises public awareness of ocean exploration.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了三星公司Rathore和他的团队致力于将废弃的渔网回收再利用，并成功将其用于制作三星Galaxy系列手机，在这个突破之后，三星的目标是在未来的产品线中使用更多的升级循环材料。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段的ghost nets（幽灵网）以及“they’re a killer. Fish, sea birds, and turtles get caught in the netting and die, with more species at risk.（它们是杀手。鱼类，海鸟和海龟会被渔网捕获然后死亡，更多的物种面临灭绝的危险。）”可知海洋生物被渔网捕获后死亡，更多的物种面临灭绝的危险；第二段第一句“Much shocked at this, Pranveer Singh Rathore, a materials-science engineer and materials R&D manager at Samsung, and his team set themselves the task of giving new life to the deadly nets.（因对此感到非常震惊，三星的材料科学工程师和材料研发经理Pranveer Singh Rathore和他的团队为自己设定了为这个致命的网赋予新生命的任务。）”可知Pranveer Singh Rathore和他的团队想要赋予这个致命的网新生命，因为他们对此感到震惊，即对这个致命的网所带来的危害感到震惊才会想办法去解决这个问题，故推知划线单词this的意思是指上文提到的这个幽灵网给海洋生物所造成的威胁，故选D项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“It’s no small task to give waste fishing nets a second act. The nets are typically made of a substance called nylon which tends to dramatically degrade (降解) the longer it sits in the ocean and is exposed to the sun. “This makes it nearly impossible to use abandoned fishing nets directly,” Rathore explains. Besides, high-performance smartphone, tablet, or PC has to be waterproof and can survive severe weather. The nylon in the fishing nets falls far short of that level of durability (耐用).（让废旧渔网重获新生并不是一个小任务。这个网通常由一种称为尼龙的物质制成，这种物质在海洋中放置的时间越长，暴露在阳光下的时间越长，就会急剧降解。“这使得几乎不可能直接使用废弃的渔网，”Rathore解释说。此外，高性能智能手机、平板电脑或PC必须防水，并且能够承受恶劣的天气。渔网中的尼龙远远达不到那种耐用性的水平。）”可知本段内容主要讲述渔网主要成分是尼龙，在海洋中和阳光下时间越长越容易分解，不符合制作手机、电脑等所需材料的耐用性，所以几乎不能直接回收利用废弃的渔网，如果是几乎不能直接使用的东西又必须利用起来的话，那这之间必然存在着巨大困难；综上所述，故本段主要讲述重复使用幽灵网的难度很大，故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Last month, Samsung revealed a new line of Galaxy products made in part from recycled plastic fishing nets for the first time.（上个月，三星首次展示了由部分回收塑料渔网制成的Galaxy系列新产品。）”可知，Galaxy系列新产品的特别之处在于其含有从幽灵网中回收的材料，故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“To deal with that problem, Samsung last summer teamed up with two partners: one to collect and transform the nets into tiny nylon pellets (颗粒) while the other to strengthen their toughness and durability. The end result: The partners hit upon an eco-friendly and high-performance plastic material that’s being used to build the component parts for its latest line of products. For example, two parts of the Galaxy S22 mobile phone—the key bracket and the inner cover—are made of these fishing-net plastic materials. Samsung aims to use even more upcycled materials in future product lines.（为了解决这个问题，三星去年夏天与两个合作伙伴进行了合作：一个合作伙伴负责收集和改造这些渔网，将其制成微小尼龙颗粒，另一个负责增强渔网的韧性和耐久性。最终的结果是：合作伙伴偶然发现了一种环保的高性能塑料材料，这种材料正被用来制造其最新产品系列的零部件。例如，Galaxy S22手机的两个部分——钥匙支架和内盖——就是用这些渔网塑料制成的。三星的目标是在未来的产品线中使用更多的升级循环材料。）”可知 Rathore的团队与合作伙伴在对渔网进行处理以至于其被重复利用的时候，合作伙伴偶然发现了一种环保的高性能塑料材料，并用于制作三星最新产品系列的零部件，从而实现了对渔网的重复使用，而三星的目标是在未来的产品线中使用更多的升级循环材料，这必然会大量回收和利用废弃渔网，从而减少地球上的废弃渔网数量，故推知Rathore的工作可以保护地球不被塑料堵塞，故选C项。
D
To figure out if we can die of boredom, we first have to understand what boredom is. For help, I called James Danckert, a psychologist who studies boredom at the University of Waterloo in Canada. “A lot of people think about being bored as being lazy. And it’s absolutely not that,” he says. “Bored people want to be engaged with their world, eager to do something satisfying and exciting. But any attempt to do so is failing.”
That means boredom is usually very upsetting. And it can have physical consequences. In one of his experiments, Danckert made people extremely bored by showing them a video of two people hanging clothes to dry. He found that when people got bored, their hearts beat faster and their levels of a hormone called cortisol (皮质醇) went up, compared to when they watched another video that made them sad. These physical changes were signs that boredom was stressing them out. “It’s not like having a full-on panic attack,” Danckert says. But it’s certainly enough to make boredom unpleasant.
Let’s come back to if boredom can kill you. Back in the 1980s, scientists asked people who worked for the British government a whole bunch of questions, including how bored they felt in their daily lives. The study tracked the participants over time. When any one of them died, the survey recorded the cause of death. In 2010, two researchers matched up these causes of death with the participants’ level of boredom. It turned out that people who said they were more bored were also more likely to have died of heart disease. “We know that prolonged exposure to stress is bad for your health,” Danckert says. A single boring day can’t kill you. But if you’re always bored, the stress could add up into something dangerous.
“Oh no,” you might be thinking. “School is boring, my friends are boring, everything is boring! What’s going to happen to me?” Don’t worry, Danckert says: “As you get older, you get less bored,” mainly because you gain more independence and have to get busy to achieve your long-term goals. And trust me: that’s anything but boring.
12. According to James Danckert, people feel bored because ________.
A. they are too lazy to do anything B. they can’t gain excitement in life
C. they are too frightened to have a try D. they can’t fully understand boredom
13. What can we learn from paragraph 2?
A. Doing housework will make people bored. B. People’s heart rate increases with boredom.
C. Physical changes can lead to extreme boredom. D. Watching something sad is a boring experience.
14. What does the underlined word “prolonged” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Continued. B. Repeated. C. Sudden. D. Active.
15. What does Danckert recommend to save people from boredom?
A. Depending on friends. B. Setting long-term goals.
C. Keeping yourself occupied. D. Trusting people around you.
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。解释了无聊并不等同于懒惰，而是生活中没有令人兴奋的事情。而且无聊会让人心跳加快，皮质醇激素上升，让人有压力，进而导致健康问题。建议人们忙起来去摆脱无聊。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“ “A lot of people think about being bored as being lazy. And it’s absolutely not that,” he says. “Bored people want to be engaged with their world, eager to do something satisfying and exciting. But any attempt to do so is failing.” ”(“许多人把无聊认作为懒惰。绝对不是那样，”他说。“感到无聊的人想要参与到他们的世界中，渴望做一些令人满意和令人兴奋的事情。但是任何这样做的尝试都是失败的。”)可知，James Danckert认为人们感到无聊是因为在生活中没有令人兴奋的事。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“He found that when people got bored, their hearts beat faster and their levels of a hormone called cortisol (皮质醇) went up, compared to when they watched another video that made them sad.”(他发现与看另一个让他们难过的视频相比，人们感到无聊的时候，他们的心跳更快，并且一种叫做皮质醇的激素水平上升。)可知，人们的心率会随着无聊感增加。故选B。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段“A single boring day can’t kill you. But if you’re always bored, the stress could add up into something dangerous.”(无聊的一天不会杀害你。但是如果你总是感到无聊，压力会累加成危险的东西。)可知，持续累加的压力会让人处于危险中。这句话是对前句的解释，所以前句中“prolonged exposure to stress”应表示持续暴露在压力下，即prolonged为持续的意思。A. Continued持续的；B. Repeated重复的；C. Sudden突然的；D. Active积极的。故选A。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Don’t worry, Danckert says: “As you get older, you get less bored,” mainly because you gain more independence and have to get busy to achieve your long-term goals.”(别担心，Danckert说：“随着你年纪增长，你会变得不那么无聊，”主要因为你会更独立并且不得不忙于实现你的长期目标。)可知，忙起来就不会感到那么无聊。所以，Danckert建议人们要忙起来去摆脱无聊。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Rene Campbell has devoted most of her life to shaping her figure into one completely against what society thinks a woman should look like.
“I was always very insecure about my body image, as everyone seemed to know for sure that women needed to look a certain way,” she says when reflecting on her motivation to transform herself. ____16____ For quite some time, she struggled with eating disorders because she was trying to keep her weight really low and appear skinny, like the women on magazine covers. ____17____ It was then that she became attracted by the way these seemingly confident women held themselves.
However, building her dream body—gaining over 85 pounds, going from a size 8 to 14—has had its challenges, too. “____18____ When I tell them that I am a female bodybuilder, the first reaction is, ‘Muscles for women are just not attractive,’” Campbell says. Though she loves the way she now looks, she is sometimes treated with cruelty.
____19____Even though there is a huge market encouraging women to build muscles and tighten their figures, the ideal still stands for smaller waists, and thin legs, the so-called perfect figure. For women to build up strong muscles, it takes a strong heart.
“I gradually learn to ignore others’ voices and become committed to the training. It is a very big shift for me, and it has won me plenty of awards. ____20____ My bodybuilding journey makes me realize that I need to do things for myself.” Campbell says.
A. She was constantly feeling under pressure.
B. Women have to pay a huge price to build a slim figure.
C. It does bring a sense of confidence and mental strength.
D. The body of super-muscular women is considered unwelcome.
E. Luckily, Campbell was chosen to shoot for one of the magazines.
F. People don’t understand why women would want to be muscular.
G. Purely by chance, Campbell attended a women’s bodybuilding show.
【答案】16. A 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【分析】本文属于说明文，文章讲了Rene Campbell女士用一生的大部分时间改变自己的身材。起初她也喜欢所谓完美的瘦身材，但后来才意识到，对于女性来说不必在意他人的言语，女性也要有强健的肌肉，也要有坚强的心。
【16题详解】
上文“I was always very insecure about my body image, as everyone seemed to know for sure that women needed to look a certain way（我对自己的身体形象总是很没有安全感，因为每个人似乎都确切地知道女人需要看起来有某种样子。）” Rene Campbell在为自己的身材焦虑；设空后说“For quite some time, she struggled with eating disorders because she was trying to keep her weight really low and appear skinny, like the women on magazine covers.（在相当长的一段时间里，她一直在与饮食失调作斗争，因为她试图保持体重很低，看起来很瘦，就像杂志封面上的女性一样。）”她在努力尝试让自己的变瘦变自信。因此推断她所谓的自信身材对Rene Campbell施加负面影响。选项A.“She was constantly feeling under pressure.（她经常感觉到压力满满）”。符合上下文语境。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据空后“It was then that she became attracted by the way these seemingly confident women held themselves.（就在那时，她开始被这些看似自信的女性展示自己的方式所吸引）”，Rene Campbell被这些看似自信的女性展示自己的方式所吸引，就萌生了想要健身的想法。所以Rene Campbell应该是受什么触动、或者看到了什么东西之后才会被吸引。G.“Purely by chance, Campbell attended a women’s bodybuilding show.（纯属偶然，Rene Campbell参加了一场女子健美表演。）”符合语境，因此下文内容。故选G。
【18题详解】
下文“When I tell them that I am a female bodybuilder, the first reaction is, ‘Muscles for women are just not attractive,’（ 当我告诉他们我是一名女性健美运动员时，他们的第一反应是，‘女性的肌肉不吸引人。’)”说明人们不理解女性的健美，F项“People don’t understand why women would want to be muscular.（人们不明白为什么女人想要肌肉发达。）”与下文一致，故选F。
【19题详解】
下文“Even though there is a huge market encouraging women to build muscles and tighten their figures, the ideal still stands for smaller waists, and thin legs, the so-called perfect figure. For women to build up strong muscles, it takes a strong heart.( 尽管有一个巨大的市场鼓励女性锻炼肌肉和控制体型，但理想的身材仍然代表更小的腰围、更细的腿，即所谓的完美身材。女性要想锻炼出强健的肌肉，需要一个强壮的心脏)”说明人们不喜欢肌肉女。D项“The body of super-muscular women is considered unwelcome.（超级肌肉发达的女性的身体被认为是不受欢迎的。）”符合本段主旨。故选D。
【20题详解】
上文“It is a very big shift for me, and it has won me plenty of awards.（这对我来说是一个很大的转变，它为我赢得了很多回报。）”说明Campbell says从健美中获得益处。C项“It does bring a sense of confidence and mental strength.（它确实带来了信心和精神力量。）”符合语境，因此下文“ My bodybuilding journey makes me realize that I need to do things for myself.(我的健身之旅让我意识到，我需要为自己做一些事情。)”,表明Campbell变得自信。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was cleaning out a cupboard the other day when I made an amazing discovery. Inside I ____21____ the manuscript (手稿) for a novel. It included an outline of the ____22____ and a pile of typed pages telling a story. It was written, to my ____23____, by my father who has been dead for more than 50 years. It isn’t ____24____, as novels go, perhaps fifty or sixty typed pages, but without my ____25____ it has somehow accompanied me through my years of ____26____, several jobs, a marriage, the birth of my children and grandchildren, retirement and even a relocation across the country where I live.
Yet there it was, resting under a lot of paper to be recycled. I might have ____27____ my father’s legacy (遗产). I was truly ____28____ by my discovery.
I’m in the middle of reading another book ____29____ my dad’s novel has a place on my bed-side table. I want to have some _____30_____ time for it so I haven’t _____31_____ examined it yet. I’m going to spend a whole afternoon to give it the _____32_____ it deserves. As yet I don’t know what the story line is about and I don’t even know if it is complete but I _____33_____ a highly emotional process of finding out.
I find it fascinating to think that this could happen; that after more than fifty years my father could _____34_____ his only son through the mists of time. It’s one of those things that we don’t see coming and that make life so _____35_____.
21. A. locked B. found C. placed D. hid
22. A. notes B. reviews C. chapters D. references
23. A. regret B. relief C. satisfaction D. amazement
24. A. long B. fun C. popular D. romantic
25. A. support B. knowledge C. approval D. reach
26. A. life B. writing C. reflection D. education
27. A. cleared away B. passed down C. counted on D. handed out
28. A. bothered B. caught C. shaken D. disturbed
29. A. or B. so C. but D. for
30. A. easy B. quick C. rough D. clear
31. A. briefly B. closely C. happily D. calmly
32. A. honor B. comment C. reward D. attention
33. A. design B. anticipate C. evaluate D. record
34. A. touch B. raise C. help D. protect
35. A. peaceful B. successful C. interesting D. smooth
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我在打扫橱柜时意外发现了已经去世的父亲写的小说，在阅读小说的过程中，仿佛我和父亲隔着时间有了再次的接触，这让我感到很有趣。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在里面发现了一本小说的手稿。A. locked锁；B. found发现；C. placed放置；D. hid隐藏。根据上文“I was cleaning out a cupboard the other day when I made an amazing discovery.”可知，我在清理橱柜时有了一个惊人的发现，由此可知，我在橱柜里发现了一本小说的手稿。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它包括一个章节的大纲和一堆讲述故事的打印页。A. notes笔记；B. reviews回顾；C. chapters章；D. references参考。根据上文“the manuscript (手稿) for a novel”可知，我发现了一本小说的手稿，由此可知，手稿中包括介绍小说章节的大纲。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这是我父亲写的，他已经去世50多年了。A. regret后悔；B. relief宽慰；C. satisfaction满意；D. amazement惊奇，惊讶。根据句中“by my father who has been dead for more than 50 years”可知，这本小说是由我已经去世50多年的父亲写的，而我却不知道，由此可知，这是令我惊讶的。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就小说而言，它并不长，可能有五六十页的打印页，但在我不知情的情况下，它陪伴着我度过了我的教育、几份工作、一段婚姻、我的孩子和孙子的出生、退休，甚至是在我居住的国家的一次搬迁。A. long长的；B. fun有趣的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. romantic浪漫的。根据句中“perhaps fifty or sixty typed pages”可知，小说只有五六十页，由此可知，就小说而言，它并不长。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就小说而言，它并不长，可能有五六十页的打印页，但在我不知情的情况下，它陪伴着我度过了我的教育、几份工作、一段婚姻、我的孩子和孙子的出生、退休，甚至是在我居住的国家的一次搬迁。A. support支持；B. knowledge知晓；C. approval批准；D. reach范围，领域。根据上文“I was cleaning out a cupboard the other day when I made an amazing discovery.”可知，我是在清理橱柜时偶然发现小说手稿的，由此可知，小说手稿在我不知情的情况下一直陪伴着我，“without one’s knowledge”意为“在某人不知情的情况下”。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就小说而言，它并不长，可能有五六十页的打印页，但在我不知情的情况下，它陪伴着我度过了我的教育、几份工作、一段婚姻、我的孩子和孙子的出生、退休，甚至是在我居住的国家的一次搬迁。A. life生活；B. writing写作；C. reflection反射；D. education教育。根据空格后“several jobs, a marriage, the birth of my children and grandchildren”可知，句中按照时间顺序讲述小说一直陪伴着我，“several jobs”意为“几份工作”，在工作之前我应该是接受教育。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我可能已经清除了我父亲的遗产。A. cleared away清除；B. passed down传递；C. counted on依赖；D. handed out分发。根据上文“Yet there it was, resting under a lot of paper to be recycled.”可知，小说手稿在大量待回收的纸张下，由此可知，我可能把小说手稿当作待回收的纸张，然后把它们清除掉。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的被我的发现震惊了。A. bothered打扰；B. caught抓住；C. shaken使非常震惊；D. disturbed干扰。根据上文“I made an amazing discovery”中的“amazing”可知，这个发现是令人震惊的，由此可知，我真的被我的发现震惊了。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我正在读另一本书，但我爸爸的小说放在我床边的桌子上。A. or或者；B. so所以；C. but但是；D. for因为。根据空格前“I’m in the middle of reading another book”和空格后“my dad’s novel has a place on my bed-side table”可知，句子前后为转折关系，虽然我正在读另一本书，但我把爸爸的小说放在我床边的桌子上。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想有一些明确的时间阅读它，所以我还没有仔细地检查它。A. easy容易的；B. quick快的；C. rough粗糙的；D. clear明确的。根据下文“I’m going to spend a whole afternoon to give it the _____ it deserves.”可知，我打算花一整个下午的时间来读小说，由此可知，我很重视它，想有一些明确的时间阅读它。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想有一些明确的时间阅读它，所以我还没有仔细地检查它。A. briefly短暂地；B. closely仔细地；C. happily高兴地；D. calmly镇静地。根据下文“I’m going to spend a whole afternoon to give it the _____ it deserves.”可知，我打算花一整个下午的时间来读小说，由此可知，我很重视它，因为现在还没有明确的时间阅读它，所以还没有仔细地检查它。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我要花一整个下午的时间来给予它应有的关注。A. honor荣誉；B. comment评论；C. reward奖励；D. attention关注。根据下文“but I _____ a highly emotional process of finding out”可知，我期待阅读这本小说的过程，由此可知，我想要花一整个下午的时间来给予这本小说应有的关注。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，我还不知道故事情节是关于什么的，我甚至不知道它是否完整，但我期盼着一个非常激动人心的发现过程。A. design设计；B. anticipate期盼；C. evaluate评价；D. record记录。根据上文“I want to have some _____ time for it”可知，我想有一些明确的时间来阅读它，由此可知，我很重视这本小说，期盼着阅读的过程。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我觉得很有意思，认为这可能发生；50多年后，我父亲可以透过时间的迷雾接触他的独生子。A. touch接触，触摸；B. raise抚养；C. help帮助；D. protect保护。根据上文“by my father who has been dead for more than 50 years”可知，我父亲已经去世50多年了，由此可知，通过阅读父亲写的小说，我和父亲之间再次有了接触。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我们看不到会发生什么的事情之一，让生活变得如此有趣。A. peaceful和平的；B. successful成功的；C. interesting有趣的；D. smooth平滑的。根据上文“I find it fascinating to think that this could happen”可知，我觉得通过小说和去世的父亲再次接触很有意思，由此可知，这让生活变得很有趣。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was Dragonboat Day. Shiny white tents lined the waterfront, ____36____ (provide) shade and refreshments for Dragon Boat paddlers (桨手) from all over California, ____37____ gathered around the Castaic Lake for a festive competition.
Giggling kids raced cheerfully along the lakeside beach, ____38____ their parents enjoying the shady picnic areas under the trees along the shore. “It’s a great day out,” said Paul Lin, co-founder for Castaic’s own Dragon Eyes team.
Dragonboat racing has been going on for thousands of years in China, ____39____ (initial) in honor of the Chinese water dragon deity (神) in an effort to call down rain ____40____ avoid misfortune and disaster.
In the race, a drummer ____41____ (use) a large traditional wooden drum to keep the paddlers on beat, while a steersman in the back keeps them in their lane.
Lin said a friend got him ____42____ (involve) in dragonboat racing over a decade ago. In 2018, they ____43____(decide) to host their own festival. “There’s something really special to be learned from our dragonboat motto: ‘One Boat, One Beat,’” he said. “Paddlers come from all walks of life and that kind of ____44____ (close) with people is nowhere else to be seen.”
“We really want to help expand awareness and grow the sport,” Lin said. “We’re hoping one day it’ll become_____45_____Olympic sport.”
【答案】36. providing
37. who 38. with
39. initially
40. and 41. uses
42. involved
43. decided
44. closeness
45. an
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在加州卡斯泰克湖举办中国传统的龙舟比赛。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：闪亮的白色帐篷排列在码头，为聚集在卡斯泰克湖周围来自加州各地的参加节日比赛的龙舟桨手提供了阴凉处和点心。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“lined”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“provide”意为“提供”，动词词性，“tents”和“provide”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“provide”的现在分词“providing”，作状语。故填providing。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：闪亮的白色帐篷排列在码头，为聚集在卡斯泰克湖周围来自加州各地的参加节日比赛的龙舟桨手提供了阴凉处和点心。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“paddlers”，指人，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词“who”引导从句。故填who。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：咯咯笑的孩子们欢快地沿着湖边的海滩奔跑，他们的父母在岸边的树下享受着阴凉的野餐区。分析句子可知，句中“_____ their parents enjoying the shady picnic areas”为with的复合结构，在句中作状语，故空格处应用“with”，介词词性。故填with。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：龙舟竞赛在中国已有数千年的历史，最初是为了纪念中国的水龙神，目的是为了求雨，避免不幸和灾难。分析句子可知，“in honor of”意为“为了纪念……”，应用副词修饰，在句中作状语，“initial”意为“最初的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为“initially”，意为“最初”。故填initially。
【40题详解】
考查连词。句意：龙舟竞赛在中国已有数千年的历史，最初是为了纪念中国的水龙神，目的是为了求雨，避免不幸和灾难。分析句子可知，“call down rain”和“avoid misfortune and disaster”之间为并列关系，都是纪念中国的水龙神的目的，应用连词“and”连接，表并列。故填and。
【41题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在比赛中，鼓手使用一个传统的大木鼓来保持桨手的节奏，而后面的舵手则让他们保持在自己的航道上。分析句子可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“use”意为“使用”，动词词性，“drummer”为可数名词单数，故应用“use”的三单形式“uses”。故填uses。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：林说，十多年前，一位朋友让他参与了龙舟比赛。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“got”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“involve”意为“参加”，动词词性，“him”和“involve”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“involve”的过去分词“involved”，作宾语补足语。故填involved。
【43题详解】
考查时态。句意：2018年，他们决定举办自己的节日。根据句中“In 2018”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，“decide”意为“决定”，动词词性，过去式为“decided”。故填decided。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：桨手来自各行各业，这种与人的亲密关系在其他任何地方都看不到。分析句子可知，介词“of”后应用名词，在句中作主语，“close”意为“亲密的”，形容词词性，对应的名词为“closeness”，意为“亲密”，为不可数名词。故填closeness。
45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我们希望有一天它会成为一项奥林匹克运动。分析句子可知，句中泛指一项奥林匹克运动，空格处应用不定冠词，“Olympic”音标的第一个音素为元音音素，故应用不定冠词“an”。故填an。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，外教Mark邀请你本周日陪他去夫子庙游玩，但你因故不能前往。请你写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.感谢邀请;
2.说明原因;
3.另约时间。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear Mark,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Mark,
Thank you for inviting me to go to the Confucius Temple with you this Sunday.
However, I am afraid that I could not manage it, because there will be an important test next Monday. With tons of notes to go through, I can hardly squeeze any time for the trip this weekend. I wonder if it is possible that we reschedule it for another time.
I hope this will not bring you too much inconvenience. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mark写一封电子邮件，因不能本周日陪他去夫子庙游玩而道歉。
【详解】1.词汇积累
许多： tons of→lots of/scores of
是否：if → whether
重新安排：reschedule→rearrange
希望：hope→ wish
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With tons of notes to go through, I can hardly squeeze any time for the trip this weekend
拓展句：With tons of notes which needs going through, I can hardly squeeze any time for the trip this weekend
【点睛】【高分句型1】However, I am afraid that I could not manage it, because there will be an important test next Monday. （运用了that引导的宾语从句和because引导的状语从句）
【高分句型2】I wonder if it is possible that we reschedule it for another time.（运用了if引导的宾语从句以及it作形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My teenage son, Jordan, always complained about having to be home earlier than all his friends. He would tell me that he was already seventeen, but still had a curfew (宵禁). He believed he was practically an adult. I pointed out that he was not an adult as he was still in high school.
“You don’t trust me!” he yelled. Before I continued, he rolled his eyes, slammed the door and walked away. I sighed. How could I make Jordan see that I only wanted to keep him safe?
I decided to go for a walk, hoping the December air would clear my head. I opened the front door and nearly stepped on her: a small black cat, just like a meatball. “Hi, Meatball,” I said, bringing her into my arms. I walked back in, touching her neck gently. Meatball seemed happy enough to come in the house, but after an hour or two, she sat by the door, meowing to go back outside.
“Why won’t she just stay in with us all the time?” Nathan, my youngest son asked.
I explained to him that she was happy here but she liked being able to come and go as she pleased.
“That must be nice,” Jordan muttered from the other room, complaining why the cat, not him, could come and go. He even asked me to give Meatball a curfew.
Meatball became a regular.
One night, temperatures were unusually low. Meatball stood at the door, meowing to go outside.
I shook my head at her, afraid that she might freeze to death. She stared at me and meowed again. I patted her head, “I know you’re not happy, but it’s for your own good.”
“Mom’s not being mean to you,” Nathan told the cat. “She’s just trying to keep you from turning into a frozen meatball.” We both laughed at his joke.
The next morning, I couldn’t find Meatball. I asked the kids if anyone had seen her.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Jordan nodded, “I let her out last night.”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As I drove to the animal hospital, Jordan sat in the back, holding Meatball inside his coat.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Jordan nodded “I let her out last night.” My mouth dropped open. “She was outside all night?” I was so furious, “It was freezing and she could die!” Jordan choked back his words, stunned. I grabbed my coat and rushed outside. Jordan followed, fear welling up in his eyes. Several minutes later, the poor thing was found, shaking and curling into a tiny ball. I picked her up, unsure whether she was alive or dead. Jordan was scared, “We need a vet! Now!”
As I drove to the animal hospital, Jordan sat in the back, holding Meatball inside his coat. I could hear him talking to the cat, apologizing repeatedly. Luckily, the vet saved Meatball. Seeing her eyes open, Jordan stroked her head, all tears. Then, surprisingly, he turned to me. He apologized for what he had done. “I know you just want to keep me safe,” he murmured. I felt a lump in my throat. He rubbed Meatball’s back, “Looks like we are both going to observe the curfew. It’s for our own good.”
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的儿子抱怨作者不让他晚上外出，但是在通过猫被夜里放出而差点被冻死的事情后，他儿子终于明白作者不让他出去是为了他的安全着想。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①.由第一段首句内容：乔丹点点头，“我昨晚放她出来的。”可知，第一段可描写猫被放出去后他们去寻找的过程以及猫被找到后的状态。
②.由第二段首句内容：“当我开车去动物医院的时候，乔丹坐在后面，把肉球放在外套里。”可知，第二段可描写他们将猫送去救治的过程以及乔丹的懊悔。
2.续写线索：去找猫——发现猫——发现猫状态不对——送去救治——猫得救——乔丹懊悔
3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）
行为类
①.抓住：grab/grasp
②.轻抚：stroke/ pet
③.拯救：save/ rescue
情绪类
①.非常愤怒： so furious / so angry
②.恐惧的：scared/ terrified
【点睛】[高分句型1] As I drove to the animal hospital, Jordan sat in the back, holding Meatball inside his coat.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Seeing her eyes open, Jordan stroked her head, all tears.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）
听力答案：1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. B 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. C 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. B 20. A
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