高中英语选择性必修二 课时分层作业2 突破语法大冲关

课时分层作业(二)

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Give the bottle a couple of shakes before pouring(pour) the juice.

2．We are determined to defend (defend) our motherland at all costs.

3．Klan called his assistant (assist)，Hasher，to take over his duties while he went out.

4．Early astronomers (astronomer) thought that our planet was the centre of the universe.

5．He stopped，shifting (shift) his cane to his left hand.

6．He came down with illness last night and is still under emergency treatment.

7．Someone must be put in charge of writing down all the ideas.

8．Fires broke out everywhere，the entire city went up in flames.

9．The characters in the book are vividly (vivid) presented.

10．I was disappointed whenever the cook found fault with me.

Ⅱ.完形填空

Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist？A successful scientist is generally a good observer.He makes full  1  of the facts he observes.He doesn't accept ideas which are not based on obvious facts，and therefore    2    to accept authority as the only reason for truth.He always checks ideas   3   and makes experiments to prove them.

The rise of modern science may perhaps be considered to   4   as far back as the time of Roger Bacon，the wonderful philosopher of Oxford，who lived between the years 1214 and 1292.He was probably the first in the Middle Ages to   5   that we should learn science by observing and experimenting on the things around us，and he himself   6   many important truths.

Galileo(1564－1642)，however，who lived more than 300 years later，was the greatest of several great men in Italy，France，Germany，and England，  7   began to show how many important truths could be discovered by observation by degrees.Before Galileo，learned men believed that large bodies fell more   8    towards the earth than small ones，  9   Aristotle said so.But Galileo，going to the top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa，let fall two    10    stones and proved Aristotle was wrong.It is Galileo's    11    of going direct to nature，and proving our opinions and theories by experiment，that has    12    all the discoveries of modern science.

What    13    those people good scientists？From the example of Galileo，we know     14    that successful scientists are those whose observations have    15    better results.

【语篇解读】　一个科学家应该是一个很好的观察者，不能盲目相信他人，应该通过观察和实验来获得正确的观点和理论。

1．A.use　　 B．sense

C．speed D．trust

A　[根据语境可知此处是make full use of“充分利用，充分使用”这一固定词组。]

2．A.refuses B．desires

C．intends D．regrets

A　[由空前的“doesn't accept”和“and therefore”可知，此处应选refuses。]

3．A.casually B．carefully

C．quickly D．privately

B　[结合语境“He always checks ideas”和后面的“and makes experiments to prove them”可知，此处表示仔细地核查想法。]

4．A.date B．keep

C．look D．come

A　[由下文的“the years 1214 and 1292”可知，现代科学的兴起可以追溯到很早的时期。date back是一个固定词组，意为“追溯到”。]

5．A.command B．suspect

C．suggest D．conclude

C　[根据空后的内容可知，这里应是Roger Bacon提出的建议，故选C项。]

6．A.brought B．discovered

C．handled D．announced

B　[结合空后的“many important truths”可知，他本人发现了很多重要的真理。]

7．A.who B．when

C．that D．where

A　[结合空前的“was the greatest of several great men”可知，先行词是men，故用who引导定语从句。]

8．A.slowly B．rapidly

C．lightly D．heavily

B　[结合空前的“Before Galileo，learned men believed that large bodies fell more”和后面的“towards the earth than small ones”可知，在伽利略之前，学者们认为重的物体比轻的物体落地快，因此选rapidly“迅速地”。]

9．A.although B．because

C．when D．if

B　[根据“Aristotle said so”的意思可知，这里表示因为亚里士多德是这样说的。]

10．A.big B．small

C．similar D．unequal

D　[根据前文和后面的“stones and proved Aristotle was wrong”可知，此处表示使用了两个不同重量的石头，因此选unequal“不相等的”。]

11．A.spirit B．skill

C．theory D．wish

A　[由后面的“of going direct to nature”可知，此处表示科学精神(spirit)。]

12．A.led to B．turned to

C．set up D．put forward

A　[这里是说正是伽利略的精神使得现代科学能有发现。结合语境，应选A项。]

13．A.makes B．prevents

C．considers D．promises

A　[结合下文中的“successful scientists are those...”可知，此处是说“什么使这些人成为好的科学家”。]

14．A.likely B．clearly

C．naturally D．unwillingly

B　[结合上文中所举的例子我们可以清楚地(clearly)知道，成功的科学家是他们的观察可以创造(produce)更好的结果的人。]

15．A.foreseen B．rejected

C．produced D．challenged

C　[参见上题解析。]

Ⅲ.语法填空

Dear Dad，

On this date of your 50th birthday，Mom gave me the letter you wrote to me when I was born 18 years ago.In your letter，you 1.         (wish) me to be strong­minded and successful.You were looking forward to 2.        (see) me fight for my future bravely and do well for 3.        (me) and others.

After reading this letter，I feel quite 4.        (shock) at your 5.       

(expect) on me.I also feel shamed of not having performed well 6.         (meet) your demand.I still remember when I was in primary school，I failed to apply myself to studying.I was addicted to computer games.As a consequence，I soon became the last one in my class.You didn't abuse me at all.7.       the contrary，you taught me that studying was the most important object at the moment and encouraged me to study hard.Only 8.         I read your letter did I realize that I behaved so badly at that time and you were so sad to see I didn't do well for myself.

I can't help expressing my gratitude and sending my best wishes to you.Wish you 9.         (health) and happy.I promise that I will spare no effort to satisfy your demand of being 10.        brave and successful person.

【语篇解读】　本文是一封感谢父亲的信。“‘我’情不自禁地要向您表达我的谢意和最美好的祝愿。祝您健康快乐。‘我’保证，‘我’将不遗余力地满足您的要求，成为一个勇敢和成功的人。”

1．wished　[考查时态。根据前面的18 years ago，可知句子用一般过去时态。]

2．seeing　[考查固定搭配。look forward to＋名词/代词/动名词，表示“期盼某事或做某事”。]

3．myself　[考查反身代词。句意：你期待着看到我勇敢的为自己的未来奋斗，并为自己和他人做的更好。结合句意此处用反身代词。]

4．shocked　[考查过去分词。feel shocked感到震惊。]

5．expectation　[考查名词。your(你的)是形容词性物主代词，后面用名词。]

6．to meet　[考查非谓语动词。句意：我也为没有很好地完成你的要求而感到羞愧。不定式作目的状语，故答案为to meet。]

7．On　[考查固定词组。on the contrary正相反。]

8．when　[考查时间状语从句的引导词。句意：只有当我读了你的信，我才意识到我当时表现很差，你很伤心看到我没有为自己做好。此处是only＋状语，引导部分倒装。]

9．healthy　[考查形容词。句意：祝您健康快乐。此处是形容词作宾语补足语，故答案为healthy。]

10．a　[考查冠词。句意：我保证我将不遗余力地满足您的需求，成为一个勇敢和成功的人。]