新概念英语第二册课件Lesson39（共51页）

这是一份新概念英语第二册课件Lesson39（共51页），共53页。PPT课件主要包含了TEXT，WORD，GRAMMAR，直接引语变间接引语，EXCERSICE等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Operatinn. 1. [外科]手术 2. 操作，作业 3. 经营，管理；营业；企业
Phrases: in peratin 生效；运转着 peratin principle 经营理念 safe peratin 安全操作
In fact, yu can create a successful plan fr yur business in just ne day.
实际上，你在一天之内就可以制作一个成功的事业战略计划。
Successful n. 成功的，一帆风顺的
Phrases: successful in 在…成功的
Others: Success n. 成功Succeed v. 成功Successin n. 连续；继位；继承权Successr n. 继承者
Fllwing adj. 下面的；其次的，接着的n. 下列事物；一批追随者v. 跟随；沿行（fllw的ing形式）prep. 在…之后，接着
Phrases: in the fllwing 在下面；在下文中 fllwing system 跟踪系统
Patientadj.1. 忍耐的；容忍的 2. 坚忍的；耐心的 3. 沉着的；不急躁的n. 1.病人；患者
What is best gift a dctr can give t his patient?
一个医生能给他病人的最好礼物是什么？
Phrases: Be patient with 对……有耐心 patient safety 病人安全 mental patient 精神病人
As a nurse, yu ught t be very patient with yur patients.
作为一名护士，你应该对病人十分耐心。
alneadj. 1. 孤零的，孤单的 2. 单独的；孤独的adv. 1. 孤零地，孤单地，孤独地 2. 独自地；孤立无援地 3. 只，只有；仅仅
Phrases: let alne 更不必说；听任；不打扰 stand alne 孤立；独一无二 alne with 与…一起
Exchangevt.1. 换，更换，调换，掉换,兑换(fr)：大多数商店将允许顾客更换商品。Mst stre will allw the custmers t exchange their gds.我想把这件衣服换一件小点尺寸的。I'd like t exchange this dress fr ne in a smaller 交易，贸易；易货贸易；交流 2. 交换，互换 3. 代替；替换
Inquirevt. 问，打听，询问vi.1. 问，打听，询问 2. 调查，查问(常与int连用)
Phrases:inquire int 调查，探究 inquire abut 询问，查问；打听 inquire f 询问；打听 inquire fr 求见；要找
I'd like t inquire abut the jb fr sales manager.
我想询问一下销售经理这个职位的情况。
It's the secretary's jb t inquire abut the flights fr the manager.
为经理查询有关航班的 情况是秘书的职责。
certainadj.1. 确凿的，毫无疑问的 2. 确定的；固定的 3. 必定的，必然的prn. 某些；某几个
Phrases:a certain extent 一定程度上 a certain degree 到某种程度 fr certain 肯定地；确凿地 certain level 某一水平
Relative adj.1. 与…有关的；相关的2. 比较而言的3. 相对的
Even its successes are nly relative.即使成功也只是相对的。It is a gift fr my relative in my hmetwn.这是我送给家乡一位亲戚的礼物。
1. While Jhn Gilbert was in hspital, he asked his dctr t tell him whether his peratin had been successful, but the dctr refused t d s. in hspital “住院”in the hspital则表示“在医院”。
直接引语为一般疑问句,间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked（me/him/us等），语序是陈述句的语序。He said, “D yu have any difficulty with this new wrd?” ——>He asked（me）whether/if I had any difficulty with that new wrd.间接引语位于句首时或者是间接引语提前时用whether不用if。 Thank yu, but whether I’ll be free I’m nt sure at the mment .
whether和if都可以引导宾语从句，“是否” 在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用。 I wnder if / whether I can get sme advice frm yu. 在有些情况下，whether和if的用法有一定区别。 1. whether引导的从句常可以与连词r或r nt直接连用，而if一般不能。如： Let me knw whether yu can cme r nt. 2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导 而不能用if。如： Whether it is true r nt, I can’t tell.
3. whether可以引导带t的不定式，if则不能。如： 我不知道我是接受还是拒绝。I dn’t knw whether t accept r refuse. 4. whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语，但if不能。如： 我担心我是否伤害到她的感情。I wrry abut whether I hurt her feelings.
2. The fllwing day, the patient asked fr a bedside telephne. fllwing在这里相当于next，表示“紧接着的、其次的”。 这里的ask fr是“请求、索要”的意思。 a bedside telephne：__________
3. When he was alne, he telephned the hspital exchange and asked fr Dr.Millingtn. alne没有感情色彩，只表示一个人独处的状态；lnely则感情至深，我们当一个人独处时感到孤独、寂寞的心理写照。 the hspital exchange是指“医院的电话交换台”，exchange做名词本来的意思就是“交换”.
4. When the dctr answered the phne, Mr. Gilbert said he was inquiring abut a certain patient, a Mr. Jhn Gilbert. inquire表示“询问”，比ask更为正式 inquire abut是表示“询问某人某事的情况” 她问起你哥哥的情况。 She inquired abut yur brther. a Mr. Jhn Gilbert 在姓氏前面加上不定冠词a，表示你对这个人不熟悉，或者是不敢确定其情况的。 你不在的时候，一位史密斯先生来找你。A Jhnsn came t see yu during yur absence.
5. He asked if Mr. Gilbert’s peratin had been successful and the dctr tld him that it had been. 这里也是间接一般疑问句引语，所以使用了if作为引导词。
1、时态的转换 直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句（即间接引语部分）的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态（实际也是宾语从句的时态要求），变化如下：
直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时
1）时间状语：直接引语 （间接引语） nw （then）； tday (that day）； tmrrw （the next / fllwing day ） next week （the next / fllwing week） yesterday （the day befre） tw days ag（tw days befre ） this week/mnth/year (that week/mnth/ year)
2）指示代词：these 变成thse 3）地点状语：here变成there She said, “I wn't cme here any mre.”——> She said that she wuldn’t g there any mre. 4）动词：cme变成g，bring变成take
6. He then asked when Mr. Gilbert wuld be allwed t g hme and the dctr tld him that he wuld have t stay in hspital fr anther tw weeks. stay in hspital是“住院”的意思。 anther 可以表示 “外加一个” 或 “再来一个”的意思，后面可以跟few或带数字的复数名词，相当于mre : I’ll be here fr anther few weeks. ( = I’ll be here fr a few mre weeks.)
7. Then Dr. Millingtn asked the caller if he was a relative f the patient. ‘N,’ the patient answered, ‘I am Mr. Jhn Gilbert.’
1、人称的转变 1）直接引语中的第一人称一般与说话人一致。如： He said，“I am very srry.” ——>He said that he was very srry. 2）直接引语中的第二人称转换为与听话人一致。如： “Yu shuld be mre careful next time,” my father tld me.——> My father tld me that I shuld be mre careful the next time.
3）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。如： She said t her sn, “I'll check yur hmewrk tnight.” ——> She said t her sn that she wuld check his hmewrk that night.
4）人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等，如： He asked me, “Will yu g t the statin with me t meet a friend f mine this afternn?”——> He asked me whether I wuld g t the statin with him t meet a friend f his that afternn. 总之，人称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合逻辑。
2、时态的转换 直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句（即间接引语部分）的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态（实际也是宾语从句的时态要求），变化如下：
3、直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无须改变的情况 1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的时候，如： He always says, “I am tired ut.” ——>He always says that he is tired ut. 2）当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，如： He will say, “I’ll try my best t help yu.” ——>He will say that he will try his best t help me.3）当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时
如： He said, “I went t cllege in 1994.”——>He tld us that he went t cllege in 1994. 4）当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时，如： He said，“When I was a child, I usually played ftball after schl.” ——> He said that when he was a child, he usually played ftball after schl. 5）当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时，
如： Our teacher said t us, “Light travels faster than sund.” ——> Our teacher tld us that light travels faster than sund. 6）当引语是谚语、格言时，如： He said，“Practice makes perfect.” ——>He said that practice makes perfect. 7）当直接引语中有情态动词shuld, wuld, culd, had better, wuld rather, might, must, ught t, used t, need时
如：She asked, “Must I take the medicine?”——> She asked if she had t take the medicine.〔注〕：此处用had t代替must更好 8）此外转述中的变化要因实际情况而定，不能机械照搬，如果当地转述，here不必改为there, 动词cme不必改为g，如果当天转述yesterday, tmrrw, this afternn等均不必改变。4、时间状语、地点状语及某些对比性的指示代词和动词变化
1）时间状语：直接引语 （间接引语） nw （then）； tday (that day）； tmrrw （the next / fllwing day ） next week （the next / fllwing week） yesterday （the day befre） tw days ag（tw days befre ） this week/mnth/year (that week/mnth/ year) 2）指示代词：these 变成thse
3）地点状语：here变成there She said, “I wn't cme here any mre.”——> She said that she wuldn’t g there any mre. 4）动词：cme变成g，bring变成take5、直接引语变间接引语，句子结构的变化 1）陈述句。用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直用接引语中的said, 也可用tld来代替，注意，可以说said that, said t sb. that, tld sb. that，不可直接说tld that,
如： He said, “I have been t the Great Wall.” ——>He said t us that he had been t the Great Wall.He said, “I'll give yu an examinatin next Mnday.”——> He tld us that he wuld give us an examinatin the next Mnday.（不可说tld that）2）直接引语为一般疑问句，（也称是否疑问句，）间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked（me/him/us等），语序是陈述句的语序。
如： He said, “D yu have any difficulty with prnunciatin?” ——>He asked（me）whether/if I had any difficulty with my prnunciatin. 3） 直接引语为选择疑问句，间接引语用whether…r…表达，而不用if…r…，也不用either…r…. 如： He asked, “D yu speak English r French?”——> He asked me whether I spke English r French.
4）直接引语为特殊疑问句，改成间接引语时，原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask（sb.）来表达，语序改为陈述句语序。如： He asked，“What's yur name?”——> He asked（me）what my name was. 5）直接引语为祈使句时，改为间接引语，用带t的不定式表达，谓语动词常是ask, advise, tell, warn, rder, request等。如ask sb. t d，（由肯定祈使句变成）ask sb. nt t d（由否定祈使句转变），并且在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点
状语、人称及时态都作相应的变化。如： He said，“Be seated, please.”——> He asked us t be seated. 6）有些含有“建议”——>、“劝告”——>的祈使句，可用suggest, insist, ffer等动词转述，如： He said, “Let's have a rest.”——> He suggested ur having a rest 7）当直接引语形式上是疑问句，有表示请求，建议意义时，可用ask sb. t d sth. /suggest ding/advise sb. t d sth. 等形式转述。
如： “Wuld yu mind pening the dr?” he asked. ——>He asked me t pen the dr. 8）直接引语是感叹句时，变间接引语可用what或hw引导，也可用that引导，如： She said, “What a lvely day it is!”——> She said what a lvely day it was. 或She said that it was a lvely day .
1、She asked me _____ my mther liked the blue ne. A. if B. that C. what D. where2、He said that he ______ a gd jurney. A. has B. will have C. had D. have
3、Kate answered that she ____ her hmewrk. A. finish B. finishes C. has finished D. had finished4、He said that he___ TV at that time. A. was watching B. watches C. watching D. has watched
5、He asked Lucy _____ she needed sme mre tea. A. if B. where C. that D. what6、I dn’t knw ____t visit the ld man r nt. A. weather B. if C. whether D. that
7、”Yu’ve gt well , haven’t yu?” she asked. She asked ______. A. if I have already gt well B. whether I had already gt well C. have I already gt well D. had I already gt well
8、”Have yu seen the film?”he asked me. He asked me ______. A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film
9、She asked ____ fr the cmputer. A. did I pay hw much B.I paid hw much C. hw much did I paid D. hw much I paid
1、”I am ging t see a film tmrrw” she said.2、”What did yu buy yesterday “ she asked me.
3、”Hw many students are there in yur class?” I asked him. 4、”Did yu catch the bus yesterday ?” he asked me.