资料中包含下列文件，点击文件名可预览资料内容
还剩30页未读，
继续阅读
2021-2022学年安徽省合肥市第一中学高一下学期期末模拟英语试卷解析版含听力
展开
这是一份2021-2022学年安徽省合肥市第一中学高一下学期期末模拟英语试卷解析版含听力，文件包含2021-2022学年安徽省合肥市第一中学高一下学期期末模拟英语试卷解析版docx、2021-2022学年安徽省合肥市第一中学高一下学期期末模拟英语试卷听力mp3等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。
合肥市第一中学2021-2022学年度高一年级期末模拟考试卷
英 语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题止的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．￡19.15. B．￡9.18. C．￡9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How does the woman want her meat cooked?
A. Rare. B. Medium-rare. C. Well done.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: How would you like your meat cooked, ma’am? We can do anything from rare to well done.
W: I’d like it medium-rare with spicy sauce on the side, please.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which place will the man go to this weekend?
A. A concert hall. B. A stadium. C. A gallery.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: I thought you were going to that concert this weekend. Shouldn’t you be on your way to the stadium by now?
M: That’s next weekend. This weekend I will enjoy an art exhibition with my mom in town.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about?
A. Polite greetings. B. Table manners. C. Body language.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Bobby, can you stop talking when your mouth is full? And can you sit up in your chair, please?
W: And how many times have your father and I told you? Don’t eat with your hands!
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers doing?
A. Taking a picture. B. Having a haircut. C. Looking at a photo.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Grandpa, how come your hair looks so different in this picture?
M: Well, because I was a lot younger then. You see, when you get older, you start losing your hair. Don’t worry, though. It’s different with girls.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the man do after he gets home?
A. Drive to a furniture store.
B. Buy the woman a new table.
C. Borrow a truck from the woman.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I need your help moving my new table into the apartment this weekend.
M: I’ll be back at my place on Sunday. Will we need to pick it up with my truck?
W: Yes. They’re holding it at the furniture store where I bought it from.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What does the woman think of electronic music?
A. It is clever. B. It is loud. C. It is modern.
7. How old was the woman when attending a classical concert?
A. 16. B. 17. C. 18.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Why do you listen to that music? Why not listen to classical music?
M: Classical music is the music of the past and this is the music of the present.
W: But can’t you turn it down? It hurts my ears.
M: It’s electronic music. We live in an electronic age. I do like some classical music. Some of it is very clever.
W: I don’t understand your music.
M: When you were 18 you probably liked the music of your time. Things change.
W: When I was 16, a year younger than you, I attended a classical concert. I’ve loved that music ever since.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Why does the man turn to the woman?
A. He has to work late. B. He has to get groceries. C. He has a package to come.
9. What is the man getting?
A. A box of fruit. B. Some alcohol. C. Some sports equipment.
10. What do we know about the speakers’ kids?
A. They are under the age of 21.
B. They’ll return home by 3:00 p.m.
C. They’ll practice soccer at 5:00 p.m.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Are you going to be home at 3:00 p.m. today, or are you staying late at work?
W: I’m not staying late, but I was going to stop by the grocery store on my way home. Why?
M: I have something being delivered around 5:00 p.m., and I want to make sure someone is there to receive it.
W: Oh, okay. I can be home by 5:00 p.m., but the kids will both be home from soccer practice by then. One of them could sign for it.
M: No, they can’t, because it is a box of wine. The delivery person will need to see identification to make sure the person signing is over 21 years old. Our kids are not old enough yet.
W: Fine. I will hurry home before the wine arrives.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates.
12. What does the woman want to become?
A. A security guard. B. A computer security expert. C. A computer science teacher.
13. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Do well in math. B. Major in math. C. See math as a career.
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. A
【解析】
【原文】W: I think I want to become an expert on computer safety, but the schools that I want to apply to don’t have that major. I know that there are some private colleges that offer it. Should I send applications to those places, too?
M: I don’t think that’s a good idea, honey. You can consider that as a career, but I think you should study a broader subject in school.
W: Like what?
M: Well, what would be a learning requirement for a computer security job?
W: Computer science!
M: Definitely. But let’s go even further. Do you know what you should learn well in order to be good at computer science?
W: Math?
M: Yes!
W: But… I don’t know if I want to major in math. It seems like it would be so hard!
M: It’s okay, honey. You don’t have to only study math. But you do need to have a solid background in it. Choosing computer science as your major is good, but you should also take plenty of math classes. No matter what you plan to do, I’m behind you, my little girl.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At school. B. At the zoo. C. At an amusement park.
15. Why is Lisa surprised?
A. John was busy. B. John arrived late. C. John changed his mind.
16. Why did John lie to Lisa?
A. He wanted to come alone. B. He was afraid of roller coasters. C. He wanted to give her a surprise.
17. What does John say about Lisa?
A. Considerate. B. Brave. C. Reliable.
【答案】14. C 15. C 16. B 17. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Lisa. I am glad I catch you before you go in. Now we can go in together.
W: Hey, John. I’m surprised to see you here. What made you come tonight? I thought you said you were busy when I asked yesterday. Did you plan to go to your grandparents’ house change?
M: Well, I did say that originally. However, I want to be honest now and tell you that I lied to you. I really wanted to come tonight, but I was scared. I have never been on a roller coaster before.
W: Don’t apologize for that. I’m sorry that I put you into that position. I wouldn’t have invited you if I had known you were scared. I never meant to make tonight stressful.
M: No, it’s my fault. I really never had the opportunity to fix my problem before, so I didn’t know what to do. But I came tonight to face my fears directly!
W: That is very brave of you. I’m glad to be here with you while you do that. Besides, the town’s holiday celebrations have much smaller rides. It is a good place to start. Let’s buy some tickets and enjoy the celebrations.
M: Thank you for being so understanding. You are a really great friend. Let me buy the tickets for us to thank you.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. Why did the speaker buy a new umbrella?
A. His old one was damaged. B. He really loved that one. C. He failed to bring one.
19. What is the main advantage of the hotel’s location?
A. It is beside the Eiffel Tower.
B. It is very close to a bakery.
C. It is within walking distance to Louvre.
20. Why did the speaker go to Paris?
A. To see some artworks. B. To eat some French food. C. To meet some good friends.
【答案】18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Today is the third day of my week’s holiday in Paris. The journey here was very long and I felt tired because I didn’t get much sleep on the plane. But I was excited when I got in the taxi and I could see the Eiffel Tower from the window. It really is quite an impressive sight. The weather here is a little bit cold, and sometimes rainy. So I had to buy a new umbrella because I forgot to bring one. The traffic is very bad, so usually I like to walk if I can. But it’s a big city, so it can get very tiring after a few hours. The food here is delicious, but I don’t like the breakfast served at the hotel. However, I am so lucky because there is a nice bakery close to where I am staying. They have fresh bread every morning and the shopkeeper always greets me with a big smile. I have visited most of the famous places, but I couldn’t get into the Louvre, because I went too late last night and the tickets were all sold out. I really hope I can go today, because I’m a big fan of art galleries and I must see the painting of Mona Lisa. It’s the real reason I came here.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Two world championships were decided this weekend on opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean. In England, the Rugby World Cup was decided. In New York, the baseball season saw its final match. More than 80,000 audiences watched New Zealand win the Rugby championship 34-17 over Australia. The match was held on Saturday at the famous Twickenham Stadium near London.
It was the second world title for New Zealand. Fans call the team “All Blacks” because of their black uniforms. A day later, the baseball World Series came to a close with a win by the Kansas City Royals over the New York Mets.
In the World Series, the first team to win four games claims victory. The Royals won four of the first five games played with the Mets. Kansas City last won in 1985.
The Rugby World Cup opened on September 18, when England defeated Fiji. Forty-eight matches and six weeks later, New Zealand won the title. Going into the tournament, the All Blacks were ranked No.1 in the world.
Every tournament like this has a “favorite”, or the team expected to win. The tournament also has an “underdog” , or the team less likely to win. But the underdog often becomes a favorite. This year in the Rugby World Cup, the “underdog” team was Japan.
Coming into the tournament, Japan was ranked 13th in the world. But after an inspiring showing in the group stage of the tournament, Japan moved up three places to 10th. Aside from the championship game itself, the match that created the biggest surprise came when Japan defeated world No.3 South Africa 34-32.The Associated Press called it “the biggest shock in Rugby World Cup history”.
South Africa was a two-time World Cup champion. Japan had only ever won one match in the World Cup before that game.
21. Why were the two major sports events reported together?
A. They were both held in developed countries.
B. Their results both came out at the same time.
C. The winners were both not expected.
D. They both belong to sports competitions.
22. The underlined word “favorite” in Paragraph 4 refers to________.
A. a player regarded as the most valuable
B. a team whose players are most skilled
C. a player who is the most popular
D. a team more likely to come first
23. How did Japan perform in the matches?
A. It created a big surprise.
B. It tried their best to play.
C. It acted as it was expected.
D. It surprisingly won third.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了大西洋两岸的两项世界锦标赛决出了胜负，也介绍了一些参赛国家以往的战绩。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第一段“Two world championships were decided this weekend on opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean. In England, the Rugby World Cup was decided. In New York, the baseball season saw its final match. (本周末，大西洋两岸的两项世界锦标赛决出了胜负。在英格兰，橄榄球世界杯的结果已经确定。在纽约，棒球赛季迎来了最后一场比赛)”可推知，这两大体育赛事一起报道的原因是他们的比赛结果是同时出来的。故选B项。
【22题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章画线词上文“Going into the tournament, the All Blacks were ranked No.1 in the world. (进入比赛时，全黑队排名世界第一)”和“Every tournament like this (每一场像这样的比赛)”以及下文“or the team expected to win (也就是有希望获胜的队伍)”可推知，此处的画线词“favorite”指的是“最有可能获胜的队伍”。故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章倒数第二段“But after an inspiring showing in the group stage of the tournament, Japan moved up three places to 10th. Aside from the championship game itself, the match that created the biggest surprise came when Japan defeated world No.3 South Africa 34-32.The Associated Press called it “the biggest shock in Rugby World Cup history”. (但在小组赛阶段的精彩表现之后，日本队上升了三位，排名第十。除了锦标赛本身，创造最大惊喜的比赛是日本队以34-32击败世界排名第三的南非队。美联社称其为“橄榄球世界杯历史上最大的冲击”)”可知，日本队在比赛中表现让人大吃一惊。故选A项。
B
A sandstorm also known as a dust storm is exactly what it sounds like. A very strong windstorm especially in the desert carries clouds of sand or dust that greatly reduces visibility. This wind is usually caused by convection currents (对流气流) which are created by intense heating of the ground and is usually strong enough to move entire sand dunes. Air is unstable when heated and this instability (不稳定性) in the air will cause higher winds to mix with winds in the lower atmosphere producing strong surface winds.
Sandstorms can disturb people's travel and can sometimes destroy whole roads, and dry flat areas. Similar dust storms can be found on the planet Mars, and are thought to be seasonal. Today the destruction of forests and too much farming of farmland can lead to sandstorms. Too much use of water resources can also cause sandstorms.
In the United States of America, sandstorms are rare because of the lack of large deserts and more importantly the development of proper agricultural techniques. The last recorded destructive sandstorm in American history was the Dust Bowl, which occurred on July 16,1971 and was widely recorded by meteorologists (气象学家).
To protect themselves from sandstorms, some people wear protective suits. Special equipment can be fixed in some cars to prevent sand from getting into the engine. Sandstorms can cause coughs, and the sand and dust has also been known to carry "infectious diseases". Sand particles, unlike dust ones, will block air passages, and cause a person who breathes them in to choke. Dust particles may cause an allergic (过敏的) reaction.
24. Which of the following plays the first part in forming sandstorms?
A. The instability of the sand. B. The instability of the wind.
C. The speed of the wind. D. The intense heating of the ground.
25. From the second paragraph, we can learn that at present _________.
A. sandstorms are more often seen on Mars than on Earth
B. human activities are a major cause of sandstorms
C. farming brings more harm than benefits to humans
D. sandstorms have led to the lack of clean water resources
26. Why are sandstorms not-common in the USA?
A. Because there are few deserts.
B. Because there is not much agriculttre.
C. Because of the use of proper agricultural techniques.
D. Because of research on sandstorms by meteorologists.
27. The author will most probably agree that _________.
A. humans should make more efforts to stop soil turning into desert
B. humans haven't thought of any way to deal with sandstorms
C. death caused by sandstorms is increasing all the time
D. there will soon be no sandstorms in the USA
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要解释了沙尘暴是什么，产生沙尘暴的原因以及其对人类健康造成的危害等。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A very strong windstorm especially in the desert carries clouds of sand or dust that greatly reduces visibility. This wind is usually caused by convection currents (对流气流) which are created by intense heating of the ground and is usually strong enough to move entire sand dunes.”(一场非常强烈的风暴，尤其是在沙漠中，会携带大量的沙尘，大大降低能见度。这种风通常是由对流引起的，对流是由地面的强烈加热产生的，通常，它强大到足以移动整个沙丘。)可知，带有大量风沙的风，由于地面强烈的加热，拥有巨大威力甚至能够移动整个沙丘，因此在形成沙尘暴中起到首要作用的是地面的高温。故选D。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Similar dust storms can be found on the planet Mars, and are thought to be seasonal.”(类似的沙尘暴在火星上也能发现，而且被认为是季节性的。)可知，火星上的沙尘暴呈现季节性特点，并未与地球的频次进行比较，所以A不正确。根据“Today the destruction of forests and too much farming of farmland can lead to sandstorms.”(今天，对森林的破坏和过度耕作会导致沙尘暴。)可知，对森林的破坏和过度农耕会导致沙尘暴，而不是说农耕本身危害大于益处，所以C不正确。根据“Too much use of water resources can also cause sandstorms.”(过度使用水资源也会导致沙尘暴。)可知过度使用水资源会导致沙尘暴，而不是沙尘暴导致水资源短缺，所以D不正确。根据第二段段中destruction of forests(森林破坏)、too much farming of farmland(过度农耕)以及Too much use of water resources(过度使用水资源)可知都属于人类的行为，因此人类行为是导致了沙尘暴的产生的原因。与B选项符合。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据题干中的the USA可以将答案定位到第三段。根据段中“In the United States of America, sandstorms are rare because of the lack of large deserts and more importantly the development of proper agricultural techniques.”(在美国，沙尘暴很少见，因为没有大的沙漠，更重要的是农业技术的发展。)可知，更主要的是因为农业技术的发展才导致沙尘暴在美国是比较少见的，与C选项the use of proper agricultural techniques相符，故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Today the destruction of forests and too much farming of farmland can lead to sandstorms.”(今天，对森林的破坏和过度耕作会导致沙尘暴。)可知，对森林的破坏和过度农耕会导致沙尘暴，所以在减少沙尘暴过程中，人类应该努力阻止把土壤变成沙子。A选项与此符合，故选A。
C
If you want to take good care of your eyes and vision, I encourage you to adopt the habit of blinking (眨眼) softly as often as possible. Frequent and gentle blinking is important to maintain healthy eyes and good vision because it helps to keep your eyes coated with three beneficial layers (层) of tears.
The first layer of tears lies right up against the whites of your eyes, and provides an even coat of protein-rich moisture (水分) for the second layer to stick to. The middle watery layer helps to wash away foreign dust. It also provides your eyes with minerals, a variety of proteins, and moisture. The third outer layer of tears is somewhat oily. It serves to prevent the middle watery layer from drying quickly, and smooths your eyes.
If your eyes are not regularly coated with the three layers of tears described above, they will be short of moisture and cleaning, and they will be unnecessarily tired.
One of the reasons why many of us don’t blink as often as we should is that we don’t see frequent blinking in mainstream media. Actors and news presenters are typically trained to blink as infrequently as possible, so when we take in most forms of media, our minds learn that it isn’t normal to blink frequently.
To fully support your eyes and vision, it’s best to blink softly every two to four seconds, which translates to about fifteen to thirty blinks per minute. By making an effort to softly blink at this rate, over time, your body will turn your efforts into a habit. If you’re thinking that such frequent blinking will make reading a book or viewing a movie uncomfortable, give it a try and you’ll see right away that it doesn’t take away from these experiences at all.
28. What does the author suggest in the text?
A. Taking good care of our eyes by eye exercises.
B. Closing and opening our eyes frequently and gently.
C. Maintaining healthy eyes to prevent nearsightedness.
D. Crying as often as possible to gain three layers of tears.
29. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. The classification of tears.
B. The causes of three layers of tears.
C. The functions of three layers of tears.
D. The importance of the first layer of tears.
30. How does the author think of blinking frequently when reading?
A. Annoying. B. Disagreeable. C. Stupid. D. Harmless.
31. What is the best title for the text?
A. Keep Eyes Coated with as Many Layers of Tears as Possible
B. Try Frequent Blinking for Healthier Eyes and Better Vision
C. Actors and News Presenters Set Us a Bad Example in Lifestyle
D. Blinking Lowers the Experiences When Reading or Seeing a Film
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是：为了让眼睛更健康，视力更好，作者鼓励读者养成眨眼睛的好习惯，因为这个习惯可以有助于保持眼睛被三层有益的泪水覆盖。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“If you want to take good care of your eyes and vision, I encourage you to adopt the habit of blinking (眨眼) softly as often as possible.(如果你想好好照顾你的眼睛和视力，我鼓励你尽可能多地养成温柔眨眼的习惯)”可知，作者建议的是要养成温柔眨眼睛的习惯。故选B。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The first layer of tears lies right up against the whites of your eyes, and provides an even coat of protein-rich moisture (水分) for the second layer to stick to.(第一层眼泪正好贴在眼白上，为第二层提供了一层均匀的富含蛋白质的水分)”和“The middle watery layer helps to wash away foreign dust.(中间的水层有助于冲洗掉外来的灰尘)”以及“The third outer layer of tears is somewhat oily. It serves to prevent the middle watery layer from drying quickly, and smooths your eyes.(眼泪的第三层是油性的。它的作用是防止中间的水层快速干燥，并抚平你的眼睛)”可知，第二段是对眼泪的三层作用进行了解释。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“If you’re thinking that such frequent blinking will make reading a book or viewing a movie uncomfortable, give it a try and you’ll see right away that it doesn’t take away from these experiences at all.(如果你认为这样频繁的眨眼会让看书或看电影不舒服，那就试一下，你马上就会发现眨眼并没有影响你的阅读体验)”可知，阅读时眨眼睛并不会让你不舒服，也不会影响阅读，它是无害的。故选D。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段中“adopt the habit of blinking”讲述的是作者推荐温柔的眨眼睛的习惯有助于自己的眼睛和视力；第二段通过“the first layer of tears”、“the middle watery layer”和“the third outer layer of tears”解释了为什么眨眼睛有助于双眼健康，是因为产生的泪水具有三层护眼功效；第三段和第四段中“one of the reasons why many of us don’t blink as often as we should”和“we take in most forms of media”阐述了为什么很多人认为经常眨眼睛不好的原因即受到大众媒体的欺骗。最后一段和段首呼应，讲述作者告诫大家不要受大众媒体影响并推荐大家形成温柔的眨眼睛习惯，有助于眼睛健康。由此可知，与B项Try Frequent Blinking for Healthier Eyes and Better Vision(尝试频繁眨眼，让眼睛更健康，视力更好)适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。
D
Charity is simple in theory: A heart warms, a hand reaches out. In practice, though, charity can become a troubled mix of motives (动机) and consequences. Giving can be driven by guilt (负罪感), duty, praise, or perhaps the hope that giving will somehow make up for past cruelty (残酷) or ignorance. Too little charity is far less than valuable. Too much can cause dependence, which makes the receiver continuously ask for more.
Giving from the heart is good. But critics (批评家) have long worried about misdirected charity that does more harm than good. In his 2012 book, Harmful Charity: How Churches and Charities Hurt Those They Help (And How to Solve the Problem), Robert Lupton, an experienced social worker of 40 years of community work in inner-city Atlanta, argues that charity must not do for the poor what they can do for themselves.
Due to emergencies such as natural disasters, the afterward financial aid is greatly welcome. Mr. Lupton advocates (提倡) it should focus on the development of self-supporting. The task can be carried out via, for instance, offering microloans (小微贷款), hiring local builders and suppliers, and trying to found self-supported, locally owned and operated factories. What seldom works, he argues, are untargeted handouts from far-off providers and the sudden arrival of inexperienced volunteer-tourists hoping to earn personal reputation by digging wells or mending roofs that locals are perfectly able to take care of themselves.
Getting charity right isn’t easy. But from money raising to the rising in volunteering among Millennials (千禧一代), from the increasing worldwide willingness to give to the efforts by charity organizations to become more effective and fruitful, there is strong evidence that human beings’ ability of taking care of others is growing along with their ability to help without harming.
Charity can be as simple as holding the door for a stranger and as complex as a global campaign to get rid of malaria (疟疾). Charity works best when it returns the weak to strength, and helps a small town shaken by an earthquake get back on its feet. A successful charity is one that eventually is no longer needed.
32. What have critics worried about?
A. There is much less charity than needed. B. Charity can be driven by guilt and praise.
C. Some charity providers are inexperienced. D. Misdirected charity may cause dependence.
33. What can be a proper way to give charity in time of natural disasters？
A. Hiring local workers. B. Founding factories. C. Building houses for victims. D. Giving untargeted handouts.
34. What can we learn from paragraph 4?
A. It’s easy to give charity without harming. B. Millennials enjoy earning personal reputation.
C. People’s ability of giving charity is improving. D. Charity organizations are spreading all over the world.
35. What is the writing purpose of the text?
A. To appeal for more charity. B. To advocate getting charity right.
C. To introduce Robert Lupton’s book. D. To criticize unjust motives for charity.
【答案】32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章就现在慈善事业现象分析，并给出怎样让慈善事业步入正轨，更好发挥其作用建议。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“Too little charity is far less than valuable. Too much can cause dependence, which makes the receiver continuously ask for more.(太少的慈善远远没有价值。太多会导致依赖，这会使接收者不断要求更多。)”以及第二段“But critics (批评家) have long worried about misdirected charity that does more harm than good. In his 2012 book, Harmful Charity: How Churches and Charities Hurt Those They Help (And How to Solve the Problem), Robert Lupton, an experienced social worker of 40 years of community work in inner-city Atlanta, argues that charity must not do for the poor what they can do for themselves.(但评论家们长期以来一直担心，被误导慈善机构弊大于利。在2012年出版的《有害慈善：教会和慈善机构如何伤害他们帮助的人（以及如何解决问题）》一书中，在亚特兰大市中心从事社区工作40年的经验丰富的社会工作者罗伯特·卢普顿（RobertLupton）认为，慈善机构不能为穷人做他们能为自己做的事。)”可知，评论家们担心被误导慈善机构弊大于利，让被资助的人更加依赖。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“Due to emergencies such as natural disasters, the afterward financial aid is greatly welcome. Mr. Lupton advocates it should focus on the development of self-supporting. The task can be carried out via, for instance, offering microloans, hiring local builders and suppliers, and trying to found self-supported, locally owned and operated factories. (由于自然灾害等紧急情况，事后的财政援助非常受欢迎。卢普顿先生主张，应该把重点放在发展自给自足上。这项任务可以通过提供小额贷款、雇佣当地建筑工人和供应商，以及努力建立自立、当地拥有和运营的工厂等方式来完成)”可知，雇佣当地工人是一种被建议给慈善的方式。故选A项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第四段“Getting charity right isn’t easy. But from money raising to the rising in volunteering among Millennials , from the increasing worldwide willingness to give to the efforts by charity organizations to become more effective and fruitful, there is strong evidence that human beings’ ability of taking care of others is growing along with their ability to help without harming.(正确对待慈善事业并不容易。但是从募捐到千禧一代志愿者的增加, 全世界越来越愿意为慈善组织的努力提供捐助，以提高其效率和成效，这有力地证明，人类照顾他人的能力与帮助他人而不造成伤害的能力正在增长。)”可知，现在越来越多人有能力并愿意参与到慈善工作中了。故选C项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段“Giving from the heart is good. But critics have long worried about misdirected charity that does more harm than good.(发自内心的付出是好的。但评论家们长期以来一直担心，慈善机构被误导，弊大于利。)”，第四段“Getting charity right isn’t easy. (正确对待慈善事业并不容易。)”以及结合全文可知，文章主要的目的是提倡让慈善步入正轨。故选B项。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Artificial—intelligence systems like Grammarly, an automated grammar—checker, are trained with data. for instance, translation software is fed sentences translated by humans, Grammarly's training data involve a large number of standard error—free sentences and human—corrected sentences. ___36___ The software then looks at a user's writing: if a line of words seems ungrammatical, it tries to spot how the generally supposed mistake is most closely similar to one from its training inputs.
___37___ Advances in language technology have been impressive in, for example, speech recognition, which involves another sort of statistical guess—whether or not a stretch of sound matches a certain line of words. ___38___ . It can rate the tone of an email before you send it, after being trained on texts that have been assessed by humans, for example as “admiring” or “confident”.
But grammar is the real magic of language, joining words into structures, joining those structures into sentences, and doing so in a way that maps onto meaning. ___39___ . Computers can analyse grammatical sentences fairly well, labeling things like nouns and verb phrases. But they struggle with sentences that are difficult to analyse, precisely because they are ungrammatical—in other words, written by the kind of person who needs Grammarly.
___40___ But computers don't work in meaning or intention, they work in formulae（惯用语）. Humans, by contrast, can usually understand even sentences that are not grammatically correct, because of the ability to guess the contents of other minds. Grammar—checking computers illustrate not how bad humans are with language, but just how good.
A. Grammarly can seem to miss more errors than it marks.
B. One Grammarly feature that works fairly well is feeing analysis.
C. To correct such writing requires knowing what the writer intended.
D. Grammarly has some obvious strengths in understanding meaning or intentions.
E. Computers outpace humans at problems that can be solved with pure maths.
F. Developers also add certain rules to the patterns Grammarty has taught itself.
G. In this decisive structure—meaning connection, machines are no match for humans.
【答案】36. F 37. E 38. B 39. G 40. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一款帮助检查语法及拼写错误的工具Grammarly，在国外一直都非常流行，现在在国内也逐渐普及起来。但是Grammarly真的好用吗？人工智能是否真的能代替人工修正语法？
【36题详解】
根据空格前“Artificial—intelligence systems like Grammarly, an automated grammar—cecker, are trained with data. for instance, translation software is fed sentences translated by humans, Grammarly's training data involve a large number of standard error—free sentences and human—corrected sentences. ”（像Grammarly(自动语法检查器)这样的人工智能系统是用数据进行训练的。例如，在翻译软件中输入人工翻译的句子，Grammarly的训练数据包含大量标准无错句子和人工修正的句子。）可知，前面介绍了自动语法检查器，以及空格后“The software then looks at a user's writing: if a line of words seems ungrammatical, it tries to spot how the generally supposed mistake is most closely similar to one from its training inputs.”（然后，该软件会检查用户的文字:如果有一行词看起来不符合语法，它会试图找出通常认为的错误是如何与训练输入的错误最相似的。）得知，这里讲述了该软件可以做些什么，所以前面是添加其他的的功能，故F项：开发人员还向Grammarty自学的模式中添加了某些规则。符合语境。故选F。
【37题详解】
根据空格后“Advances in language technology have been impressive in, for example, speech recognition, which involves another sort of statistical guess—whether or not a stretch of sound matches a certain line of words. ”（语言技术的进步令人印象深刻，例如，语音识别，它涉及到另一种统计猜测——一段声音是否与某一行单词匹配。）得知，本段讲述了人工智能与人类的不同，故E项：在纯数学可以解决的问题上，计算机的速度超过了人类。符合语境。故选E。
【38题详解】
根据空格后“ It can rate the tone of an email before you send it, after being trained on texts that have been assessed by humans, for example as “admiring” or “confident”. ”（在你发送电子邮件之前，它可以对邮件的语气进行评估，之前它会使用经过人类评估的文本进行训练，比如 “赞赏”或“自信”。）得知，空后是对Grammarly的一个功能的解释，故B项：Grammarly的一个功能非常有效，那就是感知分析。符合语境。故选B。
【39题详解】
根据空格后“Computers can analyse grammatical sentences fairly well, labeling things like nouns and verb phrases. But they struggle with sentences that are difficult to analyse, precisely because they are ungrammatical—in other words, written by the kind of person who needs Grammarly.”（计算机可以很好地分析符合语法的句子，给像名词和动词短语这样的东西贴上标签。但是他们在难以分析的句子中挣扎，恰恰是因为它们不符合语法——换句话说，是由那种需要Grammarly的人写的。）得知，空后讲述了计算机和人类比较所不能做到的，故G项：在这个决定性的结构与意义的联系上，机器不是人类的对手。符合语境。故选G。
【40题详解】
根据空格后“But computers don't work in meaning or intention, they work in formulae（惯用语）. ”（但计算机不是在意义上或意图上工作，而是在公式中工作。）得知，前后表示转折，后面说到计算机不能理解作者的意图，前面是写作需要了解作者意图。故C项：纠正这样的写作需要知道作者的意图。符合语境。故选C。
【点睛】
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
The closer one studies the gig economy (灰色经济), the less fun it sounds. Those who make their living this way, generally ____41____ app-based platforms that match consumer needs with workers who can fulfil them, ____42____ being in uncertain employment.
Bodies such as the International Labor Organization characterize this kind of employment as mostly low paid and ____43____, in which workers enjoy very few social, organizational and ____44____ rights and protections.
Attention is turning to the health and wellbeing of this fast-growing workforce, which ____45____ about 1.3m in the U.K. One academic is even calling for a “Gighall” study—similar to the landmark Whitehall ____46____ into the health of civil servants.
Those studies, conducted over three decades by Sir Michael Marmot, demonstrated the ____47____ between socio-economic status and health, a correlation that became known as “status syndrome”. Senior civil servants enjoyed lower ____48____ of death and heart disease than lowlier employees, a difference partly ascribed to (把……归功于……)autonomy (自主权) at work.
The ____49____ of powerlessness that afflicts (折磨；使痛苦) many in the gig economy—according to one survey, only four out of 10 gig workers (零工) feel like they are their own _____50_____—suggests that health problems may be brewing in this sizeable slice of workforce.
One study on the Italian workforce, published last year in Social Science and Medicine, suggests that those on _____51_____ contracts are more likely to use prescription medication for mental health conditions such as _____52_____(although the reverse is also true that preexisting ill health leads to more irregular employment).
_____53_____ not specifically about the gig economy, the authors, from the universities of Brunel and Milan, conclude that the _____54_____ to make labour markets more flexible might prove ill for the psychological wellbeing of workers.
Gig work is often conducted privately, in cars and homes, from bicycles and motorbikes, instead of from a _____55_____ workplace, so basic hazards, such as fatigue associated with long hours, can go unnoticed.
41. A. reflecting on B. working for C. getting along D. serving with
42. A. are regarded as B. are defined as C. are related to D. are involved in
43. A. insane B. innocent C. insecure D. inventive
44. A. legal B. progressive C. ambitious D. miserable
45. A. counts B. numbers C. predicts D. forecasts
46. A. problems B. workers C. studies D. needs
47. A. thread B. clue C. role D. link
48. A. situation B. rates C. case D. position
49. A. display B. sense C. awareness D. expression
50. A. mate B. boss C. worker D. supervisor
51 A. permanent B. momentary C. casual D. temporary
52. A. flu B. diabetes C. stroke D. depression
53. A. As B. Because C. Therefore D. While
54. A. initiative B. drive C. inspiration D. ambition
55. A. tricky B. enjoyable C. shared D. lovable
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. B 49. B 50. B 51. D 52. D 53. D 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了the gig economy (灰色经济)的现状、发展模式以及带来的一些社会问题，通过调查和研究结果说明了从事灰色经济对人员身心健康尤其是心理健康所带来的影响。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：那些以这种方式谋生的人，通常是在基于应用平台上工作，这些平台将消费者的需求与能够满足他们需求的员工匹配起来，他们被视为处于不确定就业状态。A. reflecting on反映；B. working for为……工作；C. getting along和……相处； D. serving with向……提供。根据前文短语“make a living(谋生)”以及下文的“workers(工人)”可知，此处指“为……工作”。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：那些以这种方式谋生的人，通常是在基于应用平台上工作，这些平台将消费者的需求与能够满足他们需求的员工匹配起来，他们被视为处于不确定就业状态。A. are regarded as被认为；B. are defined as被定义为……；C. are related to和……有关；D. are involved in包括。根据下文“being in uncertain employment”可知，零工的这种情况是被视为处于不稳定的状态。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：国际劳工组织（International Labor Organization）等组织认为，这种就业大多报酬低、不安全，工人很少享有社会、组织和法律权利和保护。A. insane疯狂的；B. innocent无辜的；C. insecure不安全的，不稳定的；D. inventive发明的，别出心裁的。根据下文“in which workers enjoy very few social, organizational and ____4____ rights and protections.”对零工描述的特点“很少享有社会、组织和法律权利和保护”可知，他们的情况是不安全的。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：国际劳工组织(International Labor Organization)等组织认为，这种就业大多报酬低、不安全，工人很少享有社会、组织和法律权利和保护。A. legal合法的；B. progressive先进的；C. ambitious有雄心抱负的；D. miserable悲痛的。根据前面的形容词“social(社会的)，organizational(组织的)”可知此处修饰“rights(权利)和protection(保护)”用“legal(合法的)”。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们的注意力正转向快速增长的劳动力的健康和福祉，在英国这一数字约为130万。A. counts计算，依赖；B. numbers计数；C. predicts预测；D. forecasts预言。根据下文“1.3m(130万)”可知，此处是“计数，数量是……”。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位学者甚至呼吁开展一项“Gighall”研究——类似于具有里程碑意义的白厅对公务员健康的研究。A. problems问题；B. workers工人；C. studies研究；D. needs需要。根据破折号前一句中的“study(研究)”以及下一段第一句的“those studies(这些研究)”可知，此处补充说明是什么样的研究。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：迈克尔•马莫特爵士（Sir Michael Marmot）进行了30多年的研究，证明了社会经济地位与健康之间的联系，这种关联后来被称为“地位综合症”。A. thread线，思路；B. clue线索；C. role角色，部分；D. link环节，联系。根据下文的“correlation(相互关系，关联)”可知，此处指的是“联系”。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：高级公务员死亡和患上心脏病的几率低于较低层雇员，这种差异在一定程度上归因于工作上的自主权。A. situation情况；B. rates几率，比率；C. case情况，实例；D. position位置。根据下文“death and heart disease(死亡和心脏病)”以及比较级lower(低于)可推出，此处是几率(rates)。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项调查显示，只有四成的零工觉得自己是自己的老板，这种无力感困扰着许多零工经济中的人，这表明，在这一相当大的劳动力群体中，健康问题可能正在酝酿之中。A. display显示；B. sense感觉，感受；C. awareness意识；D. expression表达。根据下文内容“only four out of 10 gig workers feel like they are their own ____10____”（只有四成的零工觉得自己是自己的老板）可推出，他们被这种零工所具有的无力感所折磨，困扰。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项调查显示，只有四成的零工觉得自己是自己的老板，这种无力感困扰着许多零工经济中的人，这表明，在这一相当大的劳动力群体中，健康问题可能正在酝酿之中。A. mate伙伴；B. boss老板；C. worker工人；D. supervisor导师。根据上文“The ____9____ of powerlessness that afflicts many in the gig economy”提到的许多人被零工的“无力感”困扰可知，只有四成的零工觉得自己是自己的老板。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：去年发表在Social Science and Medicine的一项关于意大利的劳动力的研究结果表明只有那些签临时合同的零工更可能因为抑郁症等心理健康状况使用处方药。(尽管反过来也可能是真的，预先存在的疾病会导致更多的不规则就业)。A. permanent永久的；B. momentary短暂的；C. casual临时的，偶然的；D. temporary临时的。根据零工的特点以及下文提到会引发心理健康问题和不规则就业可知签的是临时（短期）合同，故选D。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年发表在Social Science and Medicine的一项关于意大利的劳动力的研究结果表明只有那些签临时合同的零工更可能因为抑郁症等心理健康状况使用处方药(尽管反过来也可能是真的，预先存在的疾病会导致更多的不规则就业)。A. flu流感；B. diabetes糖尿病；C. stroke中风；D. depression抑郁症。根据上文“mental health problems(心理健康问题)”可知，此处指抑郁症，ABC三项都是身体健康问题，排除。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查连词和副词词义辨析。句意：来自布鲁内尔大学和米兰大学的作者们得出结论，虽然没有具体涉及到灰色经济，但他们得出的结论是，让劳动力市场更加灵活的驱动力可能对工人的心理健康不利。A. As当，和……一样；B. Because因为；C. Therefore因此；D. While尽管。根据上文“not specifically about the gig economy”（没有具体涉及到灰色经济）与下文“to make labour markets more flexible might prove ill for the psychological wellbeing of workers.”（让劳动力市场更加灵活的驱动力可能对工人的心理健康不利）之间为让步关系。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：来自布鲁内尔大学和米兰大学的作者们得出结论，虽然没有具体涉及到灰色经济，但他们得出的结论是，让劳动力市场更加灵活的驱动力可能对工人的心理健康不利。A. initiative倡议；B. drive驱动力，欲望；C. inspiration灵感；D. ambition雄心抱负。根据后置定语“让劳动力市场更加灵活”可知，主语为“驱动力”，故选B。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：零工工作通常是在私人场所进行的，比如在汽车里或家里，在自行车或摩托车上，而不是在共享的工作场所，因此，长时间工作导致的疲劳等基本危险可以不被注意到。A. tricky狡猾的；B. enjoyable令人享受的；C. shared共享的；D. lovable可爱的。根据前文的“privately(私人地)”以及短语instead of 表达的转折关系可知，此处是“共享的”，故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After orbiting Earth for six months the three crew members of China's Shenzhou XIII mission returned to the mother planet on April 16, 2022, finishing the nation's ___56___ (long) manned spaceflight.
Major General Zhai Zhigang, ___57___ was the mission commander, Senior Colonel Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu breathed fresh air for the first time after the half-year space journey. Medical service workers ___58___ the site told China Central Television that the astronauts are in good condition.
Zhai and his crewmates spent 183 days in an orbit about 400 kilometers above the Earth since their Shenzhou XIII spacecraft ___59___ (launch) on Oct 16 by a Long March 2F carrier rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region. They were the second inhabitants (居民) of China’s permanent space station ___60___ (name) Tiangong. Carrying the mission crew, the Shenzhou XIII spacecraft circled the Earth several times to ___61___ (gradual) approach the mother planet.
The crew has set ___62___ new record for China's spaceflight, almost ___63___ (double) the previous record of 92 days created by their colleagues in the Shenzhou XII mission who travelled with Tiangong from mid-June to mid-September last year. Additionally, Shenzhou 13 set some other national ___64___ (mark) as well. For example, Wang Yaping became the first woman to live aboard Tianhe and the first Chinese woman ever ____65____(conduct) a spacewalk.
【答案】56. longest
57. who 58. on
59. was launched
60. named 61. gradually
62. a 63. doubling
64. marks 65. to conduct
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在绕地球运行六个月后，中国神舟十三号任务的三名机组成员于2022年4月16日返回地球，完成了中国最长的载人航天飞行和历史意义。
【56题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：在绕地球运行六个月后，中国神舟十三号任务的三名机组成员于2022年4月16日返回地球，完成了中国最长的载人航天飞行。根据句意，结合前面the，可知此处表达“中国最长的”，用形容词最高级作前置定语，修饰后面名词spaceflight。故填longest。
【57题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：任务指挥官翟志刚少将、王亚平大校和叶光福大校在太空旅行半年后首次呼吸到新鲜空气。分析句子结构，此句为非限制性定语从句。先行词Major General Zhai Zhigang在从句作主语，指人用关系代词who引导。故填who。
【58题详解】
考查介词。句意：现场医务人员告诉中央电视台，宇航员状况良好。on the site在现场，介词短语作后置定语，固定搭配。故填on。
【59题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：自10月16日神舟十三号飞船由长征2F运载火箭从内蒙古自治区酒泉卫星发射中心发射以来，翟志刚和他的船员在距地球约400公里的轨道上飞行了183天。分析句子结构，此处作从句谓语动词，结合on Oct 16 by a Long March 2F carrier rocket，动词用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was launched。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们是中国永久性空间站天宫的第二位居民。分析句子结构，此处作非谓语动词，与前面名词China’s permanent space station构成被动关系，用过去分词形式，作后置定语。故填named。
【61题详解】
考查副词。句意：神舟十三号载人飞船环绕地球数次，逐渐接近地球。 此处修饰动词approach，作状语，用副词形式，gradually逐渐地。故填gradually。
【62题详解】
考查冠词。句意：机组人员创下了中国航天飞行的一项新纪录，几乎是去年6月中旬至9月中旬与天宫同行的神舟十二号任务同事创下的92天纪录的两倍。根据句意，可知此处表达“一项”，用不定冠词，new首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：机组人员创下了中国航天飞行的一项新纪录，几乎是去年6月中旬至9月中旬与天宫同行的神舟十二号任务同事创下的92天纪录的两倍。分析句子结构，此处用非谓语动词。与前面句子构成主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填doubling。
【64题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，神舟十三号还设立了其他一些国家标志。分析句子结构，此处用名词作宾语，mark为可数名词，结合some other，可知用名词复数形式，marks标志。故填marks。
65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，王亚萍成为第一位住在天河上的女性，也是第一位进行太空行走的中国女性。分析句子结构，此处修饰前面名词the first Chinese woman，作后置定语，用不定式短语。故填to conduct。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
66. 新型冠状病毒（novel coronavirus）引发的具有传染性的病毒性肺炎影响了人们的健康，使我们明白身体健康的重要性，身体健康才能更好地学习和生活。请你根据以下几个方面写一篇博文发布在你校的英语论坛上，说说如何保持身体的健康。
1. 充足的睡眠；2. 多喝水，不吃不健康的食品；3. 坚持运动；4. 心情好，少烦恼。
注意：1. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2. 词数100左右。
How can we keep healthy?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】How can we keep healthy?
Over the past months, the novel coronavirus has made its way around China. Many people suffered from the illness. It makes all of us understand how important our health is. We can study and live better if we are healthy. So how can we keep healthy?
First of all, it is important to get enough sleep every day. Lack of sleep can make people ill. Secondly, we’d better drink enough water and not eat unhealthy food. Thirdly, it’s high time that we insisted on taking more exercise, such as running, swimming and so on. Exercise makes people strong.
Last but not least, we should always be happy and don’t worry about small things. Only in this way can we live a healthy and better life.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇开放作文。新型冠状病毒引发的具有传染性的病毒性肺炎影响了人们的健康，使我们明白身体健康的重要性，身体健康才能更好地学习和生活。本文要求考生写一篇博文发布在学校的英语论坛上，说说如何保持身体健康。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：important→significant
保持健康：keep healthy→keep fit
生病的：ill→sick
用这种方法：in this way→by this means
2.句型拓展
合并句子
原句： Many people suffered from the illness. It makes all of us understand how important our health is.
拓展句： Many people suffered from the illness, which in turn makes all of us understand how important our health is.
【点睛】[高分句型1]We can study and live better if we are healthy.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
[高分句型2]Thirdly, it’s high time that we insisted on taking more exercise, such as running, swimming and so on.（运用了that引导的定语从句，且从句为虚拟语气）
[高分句型3]Only in this way can we live a healthy and better life.（运用了部分倒装）
第二节 (满分 25 分)
67 Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Animated movies use drawings instead of real people. Artists must draw thousands of pictures and each picture must be a little different. For example, if the movie-maker wants to show a girl running, the artist must draw her feet in different places in each picture. When the pictures are shown very quickly, one after the other, it looks like the girl is running. Walt Disney was not the first or only person to use animation in movies, but he is the most renowned. His first Mickey Mouse cartoon, produced in 1927, was called Plane Crazy. This was a short, silent movie about the adventures of a little mouse.
Many people in the movie business thought that animation was only appropriate for short cartoons. Disney did not agree with them. He believed that he could tell any kind of story using animation. His first long movie was Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Disney spent all his money making this movie. Fortunately, it was a great success. He made Pinocchio next and then Dumbo (about a baby elephant), and he didn’t look back after this.
When we think of Disney, however, we don’t only think of movies, we also think of Disneyland. There are Disneylands in Japan, the United States of America and France. They are large parks where people can meet Disney’s characters and visit scenes from his movies.
Although Walt Disney made many of the famous movies many years ago, they are as popular now as they were when he made them. Today we can buy them on video and see them in movie theatres from time to time. When Walt Disney began making his animated cartoons all those years ago, people drew all the pictures by hand. Nowadays computers do much of his work.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Walk Disney made some famous animated movies. Many of his movies are still popular. Disney is also famous for Disneyland, where people can meet characters from his movies, like Mickey Mouse. At one time all animated movies were drawn by hand, but now computers do much of the work. Disney movies are still shown in movie theaters in many countries.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍华特·迪士尼在动画电影领域所取得的成就和带来的影响。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①Animated movies use drawings instead of real people. Walk Disney was not the first or only person to use animation in movies, but he is the most renowned. His first Mickey Mouse cartoon, produced in 1927, was called Plane Crazy.
②Many people in the movie business thought that animation was only appropriate for short cartoons. Disney did not agree with them. He believed that he could tell any kind of story using animation. His first long movie was Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. He made Pinocchio next and then Dumbo (about a baby elephant), and he didn’t look back after this.
③When we think of Disney, however, we don’t only think of movies, we also think of Disneyland. They are large parks where people can meet Disney’s characters and visit scenes from his movies.
④Although Walt Disney made many of the famous movies many years ago, they are as popular now as they were when he made them. Today we can buy them on video and see them in movie theatres from time to time. Whe n Walt Disney began making his animated cartoons all those years ago, people drew all the pictures by hand. Nowadays computers do much of his work.
2.缜密构思
将第①、②个要点进行整合，将第③个要点进行重组，将第④个要点进行重组。
3.遣词造句
Walk Disney made some famous animated movies.
Many of his movies are still popular.
Disney is also famous for Disneyland, where people can meet characters from his movies, like Mickey Mouse.
At one time all animated movies were drawn by hand, but now computers do much of the work.
Disney movies are still shown in movie theaters in many countries.
【点睛】[高分句型1]: Disney is also famous for Disneyland, where people can meet characters from his movies, like Mickey Mouse. (运用where引导的非限制性定语从句对原文第三段进行了概括)
[高分句型2]: At one time all animated movies were drawn by hand, but now computers do much of the work. (运用并列连词but连接两个分句)
合肥市第一中学2021-2022学年度高一年级期末模拟考试卷
英 语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题止的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．￡19.15. B．￡9.18. C．￡9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How does the woman want her meat cooked?
A. Rare. B. Medium-rare. C. Well done.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: How would you like your meat cooked, ma’am? We can do anything from rare to well done.
W: I’d like it medium-rare with spicy sauce on the side, please.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which place will the man go to this weekend?
A. A concert hall. B. A stadium. C. A gallery.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: I thought you were going to that concert this weekend. Shouldn’t you be on your way to the stadium by now?
M: That’s next weekend. This weekend I will enjoy an art exhibition with my mom in town.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about?
A. Polite greetings. B. Table manners. C. Body language.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Bobby, can you stop talking when your mouth is full? And can you sit up in your chair, please?
W: And how many times have your father and I told you? Don’t eat with your hands!
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers doing?
A. Taking a picture. B. Having a haircut. C. Looking at a photo.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Grandpa, how come your hair looks so different in this picture?
M: Well, because I was a lot younger then. You see, when you get older, you start losing your hair. Don’t worry, though. It’s different with girls.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the man do after he gets home?
A. Drive to a furniture store.
B. Buy the woman a new table.
C. Borrow a truck from the woman.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I need your help moving my new table into the apartment this weekend.
M: I’ll be back at my place on Sunday. Will we need to pick it up with my truck?
W: Yes. They’re holding it at the furniture store where I bought it from.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What does the woman think of electronic music?
A. It is clever. B. It is loud. C. It is modern.
7. How old was the woman when attending a classical concert?
A. 16. B. 17. C. 18.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Why do you listen to that music? Why not listen to classical music?
M: Classical music is the music of the past and this is the music of the present.
W: But can’t you turn it down? It hurts my ears.
M: It’s electronic music. We live in an electronic age. I do like some classical music. Some of it is very clever.
W: I don’t understand your music.
M: When you were 18 you probably liked the music of your time. Things change.
W: When I was 16, a year younger than you, I attended a classical concert. I’ve loved that music ever since.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Why does the man turn to the woman?
A. He has to work late. B. He has to get groceries. C. He has a package to come.
9. What is the man getting?
A. A box of fruit. B. Some alcohol. C. Some sports equipment.
10. What do we know about the speakers’ kids?
A. They are under the age of 21.
B. They’ll return home by 3:00 p.m.
C. They’ll practice soccer at 5:00 p.m.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Are you going to be home at 3:00 p.m. today, or are you staying late at work?
W: I’m not staying late, but I was going to stop by the grocery store on my way home. Why?
M: I have something being delivered around 5:00 p.m., and I want to make sure someone is there to receive it.
W: Oh, okay. I can be home by 5:00 p.m., but the kids will both be home from soccer practice by then. One of them could sign for it.
M: No, they can’t, because it is a box of wine. The delivery person will need to see identification to make sure the person signing is over 21 years old. Our kids are not old enough yet.
W: Fine. I will hurry home before the wine arrives.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates.
12. What does the woman want to become?
A. A security guard. B. A computer security expert. C. A computer science teacher.
13. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Do well in math. B. Major in math. C. See math as a career.
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. A
【解析】
【原文】W: I think I want to become an expert on computer safety, but the schools that I want to apply to don’t have that major. I know that there are some private colleges that offer it. Should I send applications to those places, too?
M: I don’t think that’s a good idea, honey. You can consider that as a career, but I think you should study a broader subject in school.
W: Like what?
M: Well, what would be a learning requirement for a computer security job?
W: Computer science!
M: Definitely. But let’s go even further. Do you know what you should learn well in order to be good at computer science?
W: Math?
M: Yes!
W: But… I don’t know if I want to major in math. It seems like it would be so hard!
M: It’s okay, honey. You don’t have to only study math. But you do need to have a solid background in it. Choosing computer science as your major is good, but you should also take plenty of math classes. No matter what you plan to do, I’m behind you, my little girl.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At school. B. At the zoo. C. At an amusement park.
15. Why is Lisa surprised?
A. John was busy. B. John arrived late. C. John changed his mind.
16. Why did John lie to Lisa?
A. He wanted to come alone. B. He was afraid of roller coasters. C. He wanted to give her a surprise.
17. What does John say about Lisa?
A. Considerate. B. Brave. C. Reliable.
【答案】14. C 15. C 16. B 17. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Lisa. I am glad I catch you before you go in. Now we can go in together.
W: Hey, John. I’m surprised to see you here. What made you come tonight? I thought you said you were busy when I asked yesterday. Did you plan to go to your grandparents’ house change?
M: Well, I did say that originally. However, I want to be honest now and tell you that I lied to you. I really wanted to come tonight, but I was scared. I have never been on a roller coaster before.
W: Don’t apologize for that. I’m sorry that I put you into that position. I wouldn’t have invited you if I had known you were scared. I never meant to make tonight stressful.
M: No, it’s my fault. I really never had the opportunity to fix my problem before, so I didn’t know what to do. But I came tonight to face my fears directly!
W: That is very brave of you. I’m glad to be here with you while you do that. Besides, the town’s holiday celebrations have much smaller rides. It is a good place to start. Let’s buy some tickets and enjoy the celebrations.
M: Thank you for being so understanding. You are a really great friend. Let me buy the tickets for us to thank you.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. Why did the speaker buy a new umbrella?
A. His old one was damaged. B. He really loved that one. C. He failed to bring one.
19. What is the main advantage of the hotel’s location?
A. It is beside the Eiffel Tower.
B. It is very close to a bakery.
C. It is within walking distance to Louvre.
20. Why did the speaker go to Paris?
A. To see some artworks. B. To eat some French food. C. To meet some good friends.
【答案】18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Today is the third day of my week’s holiday in Paris. The journey here was very long and I felt tired because I didn’t get much sleep on the plane. But I was excited when I got in the taxi and I could see the Eiffel Tower from the window. It really is quite an impressive sight. The weather here is a little bit cold, and sometimes rainy. So I had to buy a new umbrella because I forgot to bring one. The traffic is very bad, so usually I like to walk if I can. But it’s a big city, so it can get very tiring after a few hours. The food here is delicious, but I don’t like the breakfast served at the hotel. However, I am so lucky because there is a nice bakery close to where I am staying. They have fresh bread every morning and the shopkeeper always greets me with a big smile. I have visited most of the famous places, but I couldn’t get into the Louvre, because I went too late last night and the tickets were all sold out. I really hope I can go today, because I’m a big fan of art galleries and I must see the painting of Mona Lisa. It’s the real reason I came here.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Two world championships were decided this weekend on opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean. In England, the Rugby World Cup was decided. In New York, the baseball season saw its final match. More than 80,000 audiences watched New Zealand win the Rugby championship 34-17 over Australia. The match was held on Saturday at the famous Twickenham Stadium near London.
It was the second world title for New Zealand. Fans call the team “All Blacks” because of their black uniforms. A day later, the baseball World Series came to a close with a win by the Kansas City Royals over the New York Mets.
In the World Series, the first team to win four games claims victory. The Royals won four of the first five games played with the Mets. Kansas City last won in 1985.
The Rugby World Cup opened on September 18, when England defeated Fiji. Forty-eight matches and six weeks later, New Zealand won the title. Going into the tournament, the All Blacks were ranked No.1 in the world.
Every tournament like this has a “favorite”, or the team expected to win. The tournament also has an “underdog” , or the team less likely to win. But the underdog often becomes a favorite. This year in the Rugby World Cup, the “underdog” team was Japan.
Coming into the tournament, Japan was ranked 13th in the world. But after an inspiring showing in the group stage of the tournament, Japan moved up three places to 10th. Aside from the championship game itself, the match that created the biggest surprise came when Japan defeated world No.3 South Africa 34-32.The Associated Press called it “the biggest shock in Rugby World Cup history”.
South Africa was a two-time World Cup champion. Japan had only ever won one match in the World Cup before that game.
21. Why were the two major sports events reported together?
A. They were both held in developed countries.
B. Their results both came out at the same time.
C. The winners were both not expected.
D. They both belong to sports competitions.
22. The underlined word “favorite” in Paragraph 4 refers to________.
A. a player regarded as the most valuable
B. a team whose players are most skilled
C. a player who is the most popular
D. a team more likely to come first
23. How did Japan perform in the matches?
A. It created a big surprise.
B. It tried their best to play.
C. It acted as it was expected.
D. It surprisingly won third.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了大西洋两岸的两项世界锦标赛决出了胜负，也介绍了一些参赛国家以往的战绩。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第一段“Two world championships were decided this weekend on opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean. In England, the Rugby World Cup was decided. In New York, the baseball season saw its final match. (本周末，大西洋两岸的两项世界锦标赛决出了胜负。在英格兰，橄榄球世界杯的结果已经确定。在纽约，棒球赛季迎来了最后一场比赛)”可推知，这两大体育赛事一起报道的原因是他们的比赛结果是同时出来的。故选B项。
【22题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章画线词上文“Going into the tournament, the All Blacks were ranked No.1 in the world. (进入比赛时，全黑队排名世界第一)”和“Every tournament like this (每一场像这样的比赛)”以及下文“or the team expected to win (也就是有希望获胜的队伍)”可推知，此处的画线词“favorite”指的是“最有可能获胜的队伍”。故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章倒数第二段“But after an inspiring showing in the group stage of the tournament, Japan moved up three places to 10th. Aside from the championship game itself, the match that created the biggest surprise came when Japan defeated world No.3 South Africa 34-32.The Associated Press called it “the biggest shock in Rugby World Cup history”. (但在小组赛阶段的精彩表现之后，日本队上升了三位，排名第十。除了锦标赛本身，创造最大惊喜的比赛是日本队以34-32击败世界排名第三的南非队。美联社称其为“橄榄球世界杯历史上最大的冲击”)”可知，日本队在比赛中表现让人大吃一惊。故选A项。
B
A sandstorm also known as a dust storm is exactly what it sounds like. A very strong windstorm especially in the desert carries clouds of sand or dust that greatly reduces visibility. This wind is usually caused by convection currents (对流气流) which are created by intense heating of the ground and is usually strong enough to move entire sand dunes. Air is unstable when heated and this instability (不稳定性) in the air will cause higher winds to mix with winds in the lower atmosphere producing strong surface winds.
Sandstorms can disturb people's travel and can sometimes destroy whole roads, and dry flat areas. Similar dust storms can be found on the planet Mars, and are thought to be seasonal. Today the destruction of forests and too much farming of farmland can lead to sandstorms. Too much use of water resources can also cause sandstorms.
In the United States of America, sandstorms are rare because of the lack of large deserts and more importantly the development of proper agricultural techniques. The last recorded destructive sandstorm in American history was the Dust Bowl, which occurred on July 16,1971 and was widely recorded by meteorologists (气象学家).
To protect themselves from sandstorms, some people wear protective suits. Special equipment can be fixed in some cars to prevent sand from getting into the engine. Sandstorms can cause coughs, and the sand and dust has also been known to carry "infectious diseases". Sand particles, unlike dust ones, will block air passages, and cause a person who breathes them in to choke. Dust particles may cause an allergic (过敏的) reaction.
24. Which of the following plays the first part in forming sandstorms?
A. The instability of the sand. B. The instability of the wind.
C. The speed of the wind. D. The intense heating of the ground.
25. From the second paragraph, we can learn that at present _________.
A. sandstorms are more often seen on Mars than on Earth
B. human activities are a major cause of sandstorms
C. farming brings more harm than benefits to humans
D. sandstorms have led to the lack of clean water resources
26. Why are sandstorms not-common in the USA?
A. Because there are few deserts.
B. Because there is not much agriculttre.
C. Because of the use of proper agricultural techniques.
D. Because of research on sandstorms by meteorologists.
27. The author will most probably agree that _________.
A. humans should make more efforts to stop soil turning into desert
B. humans haven't thought of any way to deal with sandstorms
C. death caused by sandstorms is increasing all the time
D. there will soon be no sandstorms in the USA
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要解释了沙尘暴是什么，产生沙尘暴的原因以及其对人类健康造成的危害等。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A very strong windstorm especially in the desert carries clouds of sand or dust that greatly reduces visibility. This wind is usually caused by convection currents (对流气流) which are created by intense heating of the ground and is usually strong enough to move entire sand dunes.”(一场非常强烈的风暴，尤其是在沙漠中，会携带大量的沙尘，大大降低能见度。这种风通常是由对流引起的，对流是由地面的强烈加热产生的，通常，它强大到足以移动整个沙丘。)可知，带有大量风沙的风，由于地面强烈的加热，拥有巨大威力甚至能够移动整个沙丘，因此在形成沙尘暴中起到首要作用的是地面的高温。故选D。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Similar dust storms can be found on the planet Mars, and are thought to be seasonal.”(类似的沙尘暴在火星上也能发现，而且被认为是季节性的。)可知，火星上的沙尘暴呈现季节性特点，并未与地球的频次进行比较，所以A不正确。根据“Today the destruction of forests and too much farming of farmland can lead to sandstorms.”(今天，对森林的破坏和过度耕作会导致沙尘暴。)可知，对森林的破坏和过度农耕会导致沙尘暴，而不是说农耕本身危害大于益处，所以C不正确。根据“Too much use of water resources can also cause sandstorms.”(过度使用水资源也会导致沙尘暴。)可知过度使用水资源会导致沙尘暴，而不是沙尘暴导致水资源短缺，所以D不正确。根据第二段段中destruction of forests(森林破坏)、too much farming of farmland(过度农耕)以及Too much use of water resources(过度使用水资源)可知都属于人类的行为，因此人类行为是导致了沙尘暴的产生的原因。与B选项符合。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据题干中的the USA可以将答案定位到第三段。根据段中“In the United States of America, sandstorms are rare because of the lack of large deserts and more importantly the development of proper agricultural techniques.”(在美国，沙尘暴很少见，因为没有大的沙漠，更重要的是农业技术的发展。)可知，更主要的是因为农业技术的发展才导致沙尘暴在美国是比较少见的，与C选项the use of proper agricultural techniques相符，故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Today the destruction of forests and too much farming of farmland can lead to sandstorms.”(今天，对森林的破坏和过度耕作会导致沙尘暴。)可知，对森林的破坏和过度农耕会导致沙尘暴，所以在减少沙尘暴过程中，人类应该努力阻止把土壤变成沙子。A选项与此符合，故选A。
C
If you want to take good care of your eyes and vision, I encourage you to adopt the habit of blinking (眨眼) softly as often as possible. Frequent and gentle blinking is important to maintain healthy eyes and good vision because it helps to keep your eyes coated with three beneficial layers (层) of tears.
The first layer of tears lies right up against the whites of your eyes, and provides an even coat of protein-rich moisture (水分) for the second layer to stick to. The middle watery layer helps to wash away foreign dust. It also provides your eyes with minerals, a variety of proteins, and moisture. The third outer layer of tears is somewhat oily. It serves to prevent the middle watery layer from drying quickly, and smooths your eyes.
If your eyes are not regularly coated with the three layers of tears described above, they will be short of moisture and cleaning, and they will be unnecessarily tired.
One of the reasons why many of us don’t blink as often as we should is that we don’t see frequent blinking in mainstream media. Actors and news presenters are typically trained to blink as infrequently as possible, so when we take in most forms of media, our minds learn that it isn’t normal to blink frequently.
To fully support your eyes and vision, it’s best to blink softly every two to four seconds, which translates to about fifteen to thirty blinks per minute. By making an effort to softly blink at this rate, over time, your body will turn your efforts into a habit. If you’re thinking that such frequent blinking will make reading a book or viewing a movie uncomfortable, give it a try and you’ll see right away that it doesn’t take away from these experiences at all.
28. What does the author suggest in the text?
A. Taking good care of our eyes by eye exercises.
B. Closing and opening our eyes frequently and gently.
C. Maintaining healthy eyes to prevent nearsightedness.
D. Crying as often as possible to gain three layers of tears.
29. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. The classification of tears.
B. The causes of three layers of tears.
C. The functions of three layers of tears.
D. The importance of the first layer of tears.
30. How does the author think of blinking frequently when reading?
A. Annoying. B. Disagreeable. C. Stupid. D. Harmless.
31. What is the best title for the text?
A. Keep Eyes Coated with as Many Layers of Tears as Possible
B. Try Frequent Blinking for Healthier Eyes and Better Vision
C. Actors and News Presenters Set Us a Bad Example in Lifestyle
D. Blinking Lowers the Experiences When Reading or Seeing a Film
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是：为了让眼睛更健康，视力更好，作者鼓励读者养成眨眼睛的好习惯，因为这个习惯可以有助于保持眼睛被三层有益的泪水覆盖。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“If you want to take good care of your eyes and vision, I encourage you to adopt the habit of blinking (眨眼) softly as often as possible.(如果你想好好照顾你的眼睛和视力，我鼓励你尽可能多地养成温柔眨眼的习惯)”可知，作者建议的是要养成温柔眨眼睛的习惯。故选B。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The first layer of tears lies right up against the whites of your eyes, and provides an even coat of protein-rich moisture (水分) for the second layer to stick to.(第一层眼泪正好贴在眼白上，为第二层提供了一层均匀的富含蛋白质的水分)”和“The middle watery layer helps to wash away foreign dust.(中间的水层有助于冲洗掉外来的灰尘)”以及“The third outer layer of tears is somewhat oily. It serves to prevent the middle watery layer from drying quickly, and smooths your eyes.(眼泪的第三层是油性的。它的作用是防止中间的水层快速干燥，并抚平你的眼睛)”可知，第二段是对眼泪的三层作用进行了解释。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“If you’re thinking that such frequent blinking will make reading a book or viewing a movie uncomfortable, give it a try and you’ll see right away that it doesn’t take away from these experiences at all.(如果你认为这样频繁的眨眼会让看书或看电影不舒服，那就试一下，你马上就会发现眨眼并没有影响你的阅读体验)”可知，阅读时眨眼睛并不会让你不舒服，也不会影响阅读，它是无害的。故选D。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段中“adopt the habit of blinking”讲述的是作者推荐温柔的眨眼睛的习惯有助于自己的眼睛和视力；第二段通过“the first layer of tears”、“the middle watery layer”和“the third outer layer of tears”解释了为什么眨眼睛有助于双眼健康，是因为产生的泪水具有三层护眼功效；第三段和第四段中“one of the reasons why many of us don’t blink as often as we should”和“we take in most forms of media”阐述了为什么很多人认为经常眨眼睛不好的原因即受到大众媒体的欺骗。最后一段和段首呼应，讲述作者告诫大家不要受大众媒体影响并推荐大家形成温柔的眨眼睛习惯，有助于眼睛健康。由此可知，与B项Try Frequent Blinking for Healthier Eyes and Better Vision(尝试频繁眨眼，让眼睛更健康，视力更好)适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。
D
Charity is simple in theory: A heart warms, a hand reaches out. In practice, though, charity can become a troubled mix of motives (动机) and consequences. Giving can be driven by guilt (负罪感), duty, praise, or perhaps the hope that giving will somehow make up for past cruelty (残酷) or ignorance. Too little charity is far less than valuable. Too much can cause dependence, which makes the receiver continuously ask for more.
Giving from the heart is good. But critics (批评家) have long worried about misdirected charity that does more harm than good. In his 2012 book, Harmful Charity: How Churches and Charities Hurt Those They Help (And How to Solve the Problem), Robert Lupton, an experienced social worker of 40 years of community work in inner-city Atlanta, argues that charity must not do for the poor what they can do for themselves.
Due to emergencies such as natural disasters, the afterward financial aid is greatly welcome. Mr. Lupton advocates (提倡) it should focus on the development of self-supporting. The task can be carried out via, for instance, offering microloans (小微贷款), hiring local builders and suppliers, and trying to found self-supported, locally owned and operated factories. What seldom works, he argues, are untargeted handouts from far-off providers and the sudden arrival of inexperienced volunteer-tourists hoping to earn personal reputation by digging wells or mending roofs that locals are perfectly able to take care of themselves.
Getting charity right isn’t easy. But from money raising to the rising in volunteering among Millennials (千禧一代), from the increasing worldwide willingness to give to the efforts by charity organizations to become more effective and fruitful, there is strong evidence that human beings’ ability of taking care of others is growing along with their ability to help without harming.
Charity can be as simple as holding the door for a stranger and as complex as a global campaign to get rid of malaria (疟疾). Charity works best when it returns the weak to strength, and helps a small town shaken by an earthquake get back on its feet. A successful charity is one that eventually is no longer needed.
32. What have critics worried about?
A. There is much less charity than needed. B. Charity can be driven by guilt and praise.
C. Some charity providers are inexperienced. D. Misdirected charity may cause dependence.
33. What can be a proper way to give charity in time of natural disasters？
A. Hiring local workers. B. Founding factories. C. Building houses for victims. D. Giving untargeted handouts.
34. What can we learn from paragraph 4?
A. It’s easy to give charity without harming. B. Millennials enjoy earning personal reputation.
C. People’s ability of giving charity is improving. D. Charity organizations are spreading all over the world.
35. What is the writing purpose of the text?
A. To appeal for more charity. B. To advocate getting charity right.
C. To introduce Robert Lupton’s book. D. To criticize unjust motives for charity.
【答案】32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章就现在慈善事业现象分析，并给出怎样让慈善事业步入正轨，更好发挥其作用建议。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“Too little charity is far less than valuable. Too much can cause dependence, which makes the receiver continuously ask for more.(太少的慈善远远没有价值。太多会导致依赖，这会使接收者不断要求更多。)”以及第二段“But critics (批评家) have long worried about misdirected charity that does more harm than good. In his 2012 book, Harmful Charity: How Churches and Charities Hurt Those They Help (And How to Solve the Problem), Robert Lupton, an experienced social worker of 40 years of community work in inner-city Atlanta, argues that charity must not do for the poor what they can do for themselves.(但评论家们长期以来一直担心，被误导慈善机构弊大于利。在2012年出版的《有害慈善：教会和慈善机构如何伤害他们帮助的人（以及如何解决问题）》一书中，在亚特兰大市中心从事社区工作40年的经验丰富的社会工作者罗伯特·卢普顿（RobertLupton）认为，慈善机构不能为穷人做他们能为自己做的事。)”可知，评论家们担心被误导慈善机构弊大于利，让被资助的人更加依赖。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“Due to emergencies such as natural disasters, the afterward financial aid is greatly welcome. Mr. Lupton advocates it should focus on the development of self-supporting. The task can be carried out via, for instance, offering microloans, hiring local builders and suppliers, and trying to found self-supported, locally owned and operated factories. (由于自然灾害等紧急情况，事后的财政援助非常受欢迎。卢普顿先生主张，应该把重点放在发展自给自足上。这项任务可以通过提供小额贷款、雇佣当地建筑工人和供应商，以及努力建立自立、当地拥有和运营的工厂等方式来完成)”可知，雇佣当地工人是一种被建议给慈善的方式。故选A项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第四段“Getting charity right isn’t easy. But from money raising to the rising in volunteering among Millennials , from the increasing worldwide willingness to give to the efforts by charity organizations to become more effective and fruitful, there is strong evidence that human beings’ ability of taking care of others is growing along with their ability to help without harming.(正确对待慈善事业并不容易。但是从募捐到千禧一代志愿者的增加, 全世界越来越愿意为慈善组织的努力提供捐助，以提高其效率和成效，这有力地证明，人类照顾他人的能力与帮助他人而不造成伤害的能力正在增长。)”可知，现在越来越多人有能力并愿意参与到慈善工作中了。故选C项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段“Giving from the heart is good. But critics have long worried about misdirected charity that does more harm than good.(发自内心的付出是好的。但评论家们长期以来一直担心，慈善机构被误导，弊大于利。)”，第四段“Getting charity right isn’t easy. (正确对待慈善事业并不容易。)”以及结合全文可知，文章主要的目的是提倡让慈善步入正轨。故选B项。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Artificial—intelligence systems like Grammarly, an automated grammar—checker, are trained with data. for instance, translation software is fed sentences translated by humans, Grammarly's training data involve a large number of standard error—free sentences and human—corrected sentences. ___36___ The software then looks at a user's writing: if a line of words seems ungrammatical, it tries to spot how the generally supposed mistake is most closely similar to one from its training inputs.
___37___ Advances in language technology have been impressive in, for example, speech recognition, which involves another sort of statistical guess—whether or not a stretch of sound matches a certain line of words. ___38___ . It can rate the tone of an email before you send it, after being trained on texts that have been assessed by humans, for example as “admiring” or “confident”.
But grammar is the real magic of language, joining words into structures, joining those structures into sentences, and doing so in a way that maps onto meaning. ___39___ . Computers can analyse grammatical sentences fairly well, labeling things like nouns and verb phrases. But they struggle with sentences that are difficult to analyse, precisely because they are ungrammatical—in other words, written by the kind of person who needs Grammarly.
___40___ But computers don't work in meaning or intention, they work in formulae（惯用语）. Humans, by contrast, can usually understand even sentences that are not grammatically correct, because of the ability to guess the contents of other minds. Grammar—checking computers illustrate not how bad humans are with language, but just how good.
A. Grammarly can seem to miss more errors than it marks.
B. One Grammarly feature that works fairly well is feeing analysis.
C. To correct such writing requires knowing what the writer intended.
D. Grammarly has some obvious strengths in understanding meaning or intentions.
E. Computers outpace humans at problems that can be solved with pure maths.
F. Developers also add certain rules to the patterns Grammarty has taught itself.
G. In this decisive structure—meaning connection, machines are no match for humans.
【答案】36. F 37. E 38. B 39. G 40. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一款帮助检查语法及拼写错误的工具Grammarly，在国外一直都非常流行，现在在国内也逐渐普及起来。但是Grammarly真的好用吗？人工智能是否真的能代替人工修正语法？
【36题详解】
根据空格前“Artificial—intelligence systems like Grammarly, an automated grammar—cecker, are trained with data. for instance, translation software is fed sentences translated by humans, Grammarly's training data involve a large number of standard error—free sentences and human—corrected sentences. ”（像Grammarly(自动语法检查器)这样的人工智能系统是用数据进行训练的。例如，在翻译软件中输入人工翻译的句子，Grammarly的训练数据包含大量标准无错句子和人工修正的句子。）可知，前面介绍了自动语法检查器，以及空格后“The software then looks at a user's writing: if a line of words seems ungrammatical, it tries to spot how the generally supposed mistake is most closely similar to one from its training inputs.”（然后，该软件会检查用户的文字:如果有一行词看起来不符合语法，它会试图找出通常认为的错误是如何与训练输入的错误最相似的。）得知，这里讲述了该软件可以做些什么，所以前面是添加其他的的功能，故F项：开发人员还向Grammarty自学的模式中添加了某些规则。符合语境。故选F。
【37题详解】
根据空格后“Advances in language technology have been impressive in, for example, speech recognition, which involves another sort of statistical guess—whether or not a stretch of sound matches a certain line of words. ”（语言技术的进步令人印象深刻，例如，语音识别，它涉及到另一种统计猜测——一段声音是否与某一行单词匹配。）得知，本段讲述了人工智能与人类的不同，故E项：在纯数学可以解决的问题上，计算机的速度超过了人类。符合语境。故选E。
【38题详解】
根据空格后“ It can rate the tone of an email before you send it, after being trained on texts that have been assessed by humans, for example as “admiring” or “confident”. ”（在你发送电子邮件之前，它可以对邮件的语气进行评估，之前它会使用经过人类评估的文本进行训练，比如 “赞赏”或“自信”。）得知，空后是对Grammarly的一个功能的解释，故B项：Grammarly的一个功能非常有效，那就是感知分析。符合语境。故选B。
【39题详解】
根据空格后“Computers can analyse grammatical sentences fairly well, labeling things like nouns and verb phrases. But they struggle with sentences that are difficult to analyse, precisely because they are ungrammatical—in other words, written by the kind of person who needs Grammarly.”（计算机可以很好地分析符合语法的句子，给像名词和动词短语这样的东西贴上标签。但是他们在难以分析的句子中挣扎，恰恰是因为它们不符合语法——换句话说，是由那种需要Grammarly的人写的。）得知，空后讲述了计算机和人类比较所不能做到的，故G项：在这个决定性的结构与意义的联系上，机器不是人类的对手。符合语境。故选G。
【40题详解】
根据空格后“But computers don't work in meaning or intention, they work in formulae（惯用语）. ”（但计算机不是在意义上或意图上工作，而是在公式中工作。）得知，前后表示转折，后面说到计算机不能理解作者的意图，前面是写作需要了解作者意图。故C项：纠正这样的写作需要知道作者的意图。符合语境。故选C。
【点睛】
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
The closer one studies the gig economy (灰色经济), the less fun it sounds. Those who make their living this way, generally ____41____ app-based platforms that match consumer needs with workers who can fulfil them, ____42____ being in uncertain employment.
Bodies such as the International Labor Organization characterize this kind of employment as mostly low paid and ____43____, in which workers enjoy very few social, organizational and ____44____ rights and protections.
Attention is turning to the health and wellbeing of this fast-growing workforce, which ____45____ about 1.3m in the U.K. One academic is even calling for a “Gighall” study—similar to the landmark Whitehall ____46____ into the health of civil servants.
Those studies, conducted over three decades by Sir Michael Marmot, demonstrated the ____47____ between socio-economic status and health, a correlation that became known as “status syndrome”. Senior civil servants enjoyed lower ____48____ of death and heart disease than lowlier employees, a difference partly ascribed to (把……归功于……)autonomy (自主权) at work.
The ____49____ of powerlessness that afflicts (折磨；使痛苦) many in the gig economy—according to one survey, only four out of 10 gig workers (零工) feel like they are their own _____50_____—suggests that health problems may be brewing in this sizeable slice of workforce.
One study on the Italian workforce, published last year in Social Science and Medicine, suggests that those on _____51_____ contracts are more likely to use prescription medication for mental health conditions such as _____52_____(although the reverse is also true that preexisting ill health leads to more irregular employment).
_____53_____ not specifically about the gig economy, the authors, from the universities of Brunel and Milan, conclude that the _____54_____ to make labour markets more flexible might prove ill for the psychological wellbeing of workers.
Gig work is often conducted privately, in cars and homes, from bicycles and motorbikes, instead of from a _____55_____ workplace, so basic hazards, such as fatigue associated with long hours, can go unnoticed.
41. A. reflecting on B. working for C. getting along D. serving with
42. A. are regarded as B. are defined as C. are related to D. are involved in
43. A. insane B. innocent C. insecure D. inventive
44. A. legal B. progressive C. ambitious D. miserable
45. A. counts B. numbers C. predicts D. forecasts
46. A. problems B. workers C. studies D. needs
47. A. thread B. clue C. role D. link
48. A. situation B. rates C. case D. position
49. A. display B. sense C. awareness D. expression
50. A. mate B. boss C. worker D. supervisor
51 A. permanent B. momentary C. casual D. temporary
52. A. flu B. diabetes C. stroke D. depression
53. A. As B. Because C. Therefore D. While
54. A. initiative B. drive C. inspiration D. ambition
55. A. tricky B. enjoyable C. shared D. lovable
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. B 49. B 50. B 51. D 52. D 53. D 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了the gig economy (灰色经济)的现状、发展模式以及带来的一些社会问题，通过调查和研究结果说明了从事灰色经济对人员身心健康尤其是心理健康所带来的影响。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：那些以这种方式谋生的人，通常是在基于应用平台上工作，这些平台将消费者的需求与能够满足他们需求的员工匹配起来，他们被视为处于不确定就业状态。A. reflecting on反映；B. working for为……工作；C. getting along和……相处； D. serving with向……提供。根据前文短语“make a living(谋生)”以及下文的“workers(工人)”可知，此处指“为……工作”。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：那些以这种方式谋生的人，通常是在基于应用平台上工作，这些平台将消费者的需求与能够满足他们需求的员工匹配起来，他们被视为处于不确定就业状态。A. are regarded as被认为；B. are defined as被定义为……；C. are related to和……有关；D. are involved in包括。根据下文“being in uncertain employment”可知，零工的这种情况是被视为处于不稳定的状态。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：国际劳工组织（International Labor Organization）等组织认为，这种就业大多报酬低、不安全，工人很少享有社会、组织和法律权利和保护。A. insane疯狂的；B. innocent无辜的；C. insecure不安全的，不稳定的；D. inventive发明的，别出心裁的。根据下文“in which workers enjoy very few social, organizational and ____4____ rights and protections.”对零工描述的特点“很少享有社会、组织和法律权利和保护”可知，他们的情况是不安全的。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：国际劳工组织(International Labor Organization)等组织认为，这种就业大多报酬低、不安全，工人很少享有社会、组织和法律权利和保护。A. legal合法的；B. progressive先进的；C. ambitious有雄心抱负的；D. miserable悲痛的。根据前面的形容词“social(社会的)，organizational(组织的)”可知此处修饰“rights(权利)和protection(保护)”用“legal(合法的)”。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们的注意力正转向快速增长的劳动力的健康和福祉，在英国这一数字约为130万。A. counts计算，依赖；B. numbers计数；C. predicts预测；D. forecasts预言。根据下文“1.3m(130万)”可知，此处是“计数，数量是……”。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位学者甚至呼吁开展一项“Gighall”研究——类似于具有里程碑意义的白厅对公务员健康的研究。A. problems问题；B. workers工人；C. studies研究；D. needs需要。根据破折号前一句中的“study(研究)”以及下一段第一句的“those studies(这些研究)”可知，此处补充说明是什么样的研究。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：迈克尔•马莫特爵士（Sir Michael Marmot）进行了30多年的研究，证明了社会经济地位与健康之间的联系，这种关联后来被称为“地位综合症”。A. thread线，思路；B. clue线索；C. role角色，部分；D. link环节，联系。根据下文的“correlation(相互关系，关联)”可知，此处指的是“联系”。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：高级公务员死亡和患上心脏病的几率低于较低层雇员，这种差异在一定程度上归因于工作上的自主权。A. situation情况；B. rates几率，比率；C. case情况，实例；D. position位置。根据下文“death and heart disease(死亡和心脏病)”以及比较级lower(低于)可推出，此处是几率(rates)。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项调查显示，只有四成的零工觉得自己是自己的老板，这种无力感困扰着许多零工经济中的人，这表明，在这一相当大的劳动力群体中，健康问题可能正在酝酿之中。A. display显示；B. sense感觉，感受；C. awareness意识；D. expression表达。根据下文内容“only four out of 10 gig workers feel like they are their own ____10____”（只有四成的零工觉得自己是自己的老板）可推出，他们被这种零工所具有的无力感所折磨，困扰。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项调查显示，只有四成的零工觉得自己是自己的老板，这种无力感困扰着许多零工经济中的人，这表明，在这一相当大的劳动力群体中，健康问题可能正在酝酿之中。A. mate伙伴；B. boss老板；C. worker工人；D. supervisor导师。根据上文“The ____9____ of powerlessness that afflicts many in the gig economy”提到的许多人被零工的“无力感”困扰可知，只有四成的零工觉得自己是自己的老板。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：去年发表在Social Science and Medicine的一项关于意大利的劳动力的研究结果表明只有那些签临时合同的零工更可能因为抑郁症等心理健康状况使用处方药。(尽管反过来也可能是真的，预先存在的疾病会导致更多的不规则就业)。A. permanent永久的；B. momentary短暂的；C. casual临时的，偶然的；D. temporary临时的。根据零工的特点以及下文提到会引发心理健康问题和不规则就业可知签的是临时（短期）合同，故选D。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年发表在Social Science and Medicine的一项关于意大利的劳动力的研究结果表明只有那些签临时合同的零工更可能因为抑郁症等心理健康状况使用处方药(尽管反过来也可能是真的，预先存在的疾病会导致更多的不规则就业)。A. flu流感；B. diabetes糖尿病；C. stroke中风；D. depression抑郁症。根据上文“mental health problems(心理健康问题)”可知，此处指抑郁症，ABC三项都是身体健康问题，排除。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查连词和副词词义辨析。句意：来自布鲁内尔大学和米兰大学的作者们得出结论，虽然没有具体涉及到灰色经济，但他们得出的结论是，让劳动力市场更加灵活的驱动力可能对工人的心理健康不利。A. As当，和……一样；B. Because因为；C. Therefore因此；D. While尽管。根据上文“not specifically about the gig economy”（没有具体涉及到灰色经济）与下文“to make labour markets more flexible might prove ill for the psychological wellbeing of workers.”（让劳动力市场更加灵活的驱动力可能对工人的心理健康不利）之间为让步关系。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：来自布鲁内尔大学和米兰大学的作者们得出结论，虽然没有具体涉及到灰色经济，但他们得出的结论是，让劳动力市场更加灵活的驱动力可能对工人的心理健康不利。A. initiative倡议；B. drive驱动力，欲望；C. inspiration灵感；D. ambition雄心抱负。根据后置定语“让劳动力市场更加灵活”可知，主语为“驱动力”，故选B。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：零工工作通常是在私人场所进行的，比如在汽车里或家里，在自行车或摩托车上，而不是在共享的工作场所，因此，长时间工作导致的疲劳等基本危险可以不被注意到。A. tricky狡猾的；B. enjoyable令人享受的；C. shared共享的；D. lovable可爱的。根据前文的“privately(私人地)”以及短语instead of 表达的转折关系可知，此处是“共享的”，故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After orbiting Earth for six months the three crew members of China's Shenzhou XIII mission returned to the mother planet on April 16, 2022, finishing the nation's ___56___ (long) manned spaceflight.
Major General Zhai Zhigang, ___57___ was the mission commander, Senior Colonel Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu breathed fresh air for the first time after the half-year space journey. Medical service workers ___58___ the site told China Central Television that the astronauts are in good condition.
Zhai and his crewmates spent 183 days in an orbit about 400 kilometers above the Earth since their Shenzhou XIII spacecraft ___59___ (launch) on Oct 16 by a Long March 2F carrier rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region. They were the second inhabitants (居民) of China’s permanent space station ___60___ (name) Tiangong. Carrying the mission crew, the Shenzhou XIII spacecraft circled the Earth several times to ___61___ (gradual) approach the mother planet.
The crew has set ___62___ new record for China's spaceflight, almost ___63___ (double) the previous record of 92 days created by their colleagues in the Shenzhou XII mission who travelled with Tiangong from mid-June to mid-September last year. Additionally, Shenzhou 13 set some other national ___64___ (mark) as well. For example, Wang Yaping became the first woman to live aboard Tianhe and the first Chinese woman ever ____65____(conduct) a spacewalk.
【答案】56. longest
57. who 58. on
59. was launched
60. named 61. gradually
62. a 63. doubling
64. marks 65. to conduct
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在绕地球运行六个月后，中国神舟十三号任务的三名机组成员于2022年4月16日返回地球，完成了中国最长的载人航天飞行和历史意义。
【56题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：在绕地球运行六个月后，中国神舟十三号任务的三名机组成员于2022年4月16日返回地球，完成了中国最长的载人航天飞行。根据句意，结合前面the，可知此处表达“中国最长的”，用形容词最高级作前置定语，修饰后面名词spaceflight。故填longest。
【57题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：任务指挥官翟志刚少将、王亚平大校和叶光福大校在太空旅行半年后首次呼吸到新鲜空气。分析句子结构，此句为非限制性定语从句。先行词Major General Zhai Zhigang在从句作主语，指人用关系代词who引导。故填who。
【58题详解】
考查介词。句意：现场医务人员告诉中央电视台，宇航员状况良好。on the site在现场，介词短语作后置定语，固定搭配。故填on。
【59题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：自10月16日神舟十三号飞船由长征2F运载火箭从内蒙古自治区酒泉卫星发射中心发射以来，翟志刚和他的船员在距地球约400公里的轨道上飞行了183天。分析句子结构，此处作从句谓语动词，结合on Oct 16 by a Long March 2F carrier rocket，动词用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was launched。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们是中国永久性空间站天宫的第二位居民。分析句子结构，此处作非谓语动词，与前面名词China’s permanent space station构成被动关系，用过去分词形式，作后置定语。故填named。
【61题详解】
考查副词。句意：神舟十三号载人飞船环绕地球数次，逐渐接近地球。 此处修饰动词approach，作状语，用副词形式，gradually逐渐地。故填gradually。
【62题详解】
考查冠词。句意：机组人员创下了中国航天飞行的一项新纪录，几乎是去年6月中旬至9月中旬与天宫同行的神舟十二号任务同事创下的92天纪录的两倍。根据句意，可知此处表达“一项”，用不定冠词，new首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：机组人员创下了中国航天飞行的一项新纪录，几乎是去年6月中旬至9月中旬与天宫同行的神舟十二号任务同事创下的92天纪录的两倍。分析句子结构，此处用非谓语动词。与前面句子构成主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填doubling。
【64题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，神舟十三号还设立了其他一些国家标志。分析句子结构，此处用名词作宾语，mark为可数名词，结合some other，可知用名词复数形式，marks标志。故填marks。
65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，王亚萍成为第一位住在天河上的女性，也是第一位进行太空行走的中国女性。分析句子结构，此处修饰前面名词the first Chinese woman，作后置定语，用不定式短语。故填to conduct。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
66. 新型冠状病毒（novel coronavirus）引发的具有传染性的病毒性肺炎影响了人们的健康，使我们明白身体健康的重要性，身体健康才能更好地学习和生活。请你根据以下几个方面写一篇博文发布在你校的英语论坛上，说说如何保持身体的健康。
1. 充足的睡眠；2. 多喝水，不吃不健康的食品；3. 坚持运动；4. 心情好，少烦恼。
注意：1. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2. 词数100左右。
How can we keep healthy?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】How can we keep healthy?
Over the past months, the novel coronavirus has made its way around China. Many people suffered from the illness. It makes all of us understand how important our health is. We can study and live better if we are healthy. So how can we keep healthy?
First of all, it is important to get enough sleep every day. Lack of sleep can make people ill. Secondly, we’d better drink enough water and not eat unhealthy food. Thirdly, it’s high time that we insisted on taking more exercise, such as running, swimming and so on. Exercise makes people strong.
Last but not least, we should always be happy and don’t worry about small things. Only in this way can we live a healthy and better life.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇开放作文。新型冠状病毒引发的具有传染性的病毒性肺炎影响了人们的健康，使我们明白身体健康的重要性，身体健康才能更好地学习和生活。本文要求考生写一篇博文发布在学校的英语论坛上，说说如何保持身体健康。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：important→significant
保持健康：keep healthy→keep fit
生病的：ill→sick
用这种方法：in this way→by this means
2.句型拓展
合并句子
原句： Many people suffered from the illness. It makes all of us understand how important our health is.
拓展句： Many people suffered from the illness, which in turn makes all of us understand how important our health is.
【点睛】[高分句型1]We can study and live better if we are healthy.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
[高分句型2]Thirdly, it’s high time that we insisted on taking more exercise, such as running, swimming and so on.（运用了that引导的定语从句，且从句为虚拟语气）
[高分句型3]Only in this way can we live a healthy and better life.（运用了部分倒装）
第二节 (满分 25 分)
67 Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Animated movies use drawings instead of real people. Artists must draw thousands of pictures and each picture must be a little different. For example, if the movie-maker wants to show a girl running, the artist must draw her feet in different places in each picture. When the pictures are shown very quickly, one after the other, it looks like the girl is running. Walt Disney was not the first or only person to use animation in movies, but he is the most renowned. His first Mickey Mouse cartoon, produced in 1927, was called Plane Crazy. This was a short, silent movie about the adventures of a little mouse.
Many people in the movie business thought that animation was only appropriate for short cartoons. Disney did not agree with them. He believed that he could tell any kind of story using animation. His first long movie was Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Disney spent all his money making this movie. Fortunately, it was a great success. He made Pinocchio next and then Dumbo (about a baby elephant), and he didn’t look back after this.
When we think of Disney, however, we don’t only think of movies, we also think of Disneyland. There are Disneylands in Japan, the United States of America and France. They are large parks where people can meet Disney’s characters and visit scenes from his movies.
Although Walt Disney made many of the famous movies many years ago, they are as popular now as they were when he made them. Today we can buy them on video and see them in movie theatres from time to time. When Walt Disney began making his animated cartoons all those years ago, people drew all the pictures by hand. Nowadays computers do much of his work.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Walk Disney made some famous animated movies. Many of his movies are still popular. Disney is also famous for Disneyland, where people can meet characters from his movies, like Mickey Mouse. At one time all animated movies were drawn by hand, but now computers do much of the work. Disney movies are still shown in movie theaters in many countries.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍华特·迪士尼在动画电影领域所取得的成就和带来的影响。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①Animated movies use drawings instead of real people. Walk Disney was not the first or only person to use animation in movies, but he is the most renowned. His first Mickey Mouse cartoon, produced in 1927, was called Plane Crazy.
②Many people in the movie business thought that animation was only appropriate for short cartoons. Disney did not agree with them. He believed that he could tell any kind of story using animation. His first long movie was Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. He made Pinocchio next and then Dumbo (about a baby elephant), and he didn’t look back after this.
③When we think of Disney, however, we don’t only think of movies, we also think of Disneyland. They are large parks where people can meet Disney’s characters and visit scenes from his movies.
④Although Walt Disney made many of the famous movies many years ago, they are as popular now as they were when he made them. Today we can buy them on video and see them in movie theatres from time to time. Whe n Walt Disney began making his animated cartoons all those years ago, people drew all the pictures by hand. Nowadays computers do much of his work.
2.缜密构思
将第①、②个要点进行整合，将第③个要点进行重组，将第④个要点进行重组。
3.遣词造句
Walk Disney made some famous animated movies.
Many of his movies are still popular.
Disney is also famous for Disneyland, where people can meet characters from his movies, like Mickey Mouse.
At one time all animated movies were drawn by hand, but now computers do much of the work.
Disney movies are still shown in movie theaters in many countries.
【点睛】[高分句型1]: Disney is also famous for Disneyland, where people can meet characters from his movies, like Mickey Mouse. (运用where引导的非限制性定语从句对原文第三段进行了概括)
[高分句型2]: At one time all animated movies were drawn by hand, but now computers do much of the work. (运用并列连词but连接两个分句)
相关试卷
2022-2023学年安徽省合肥市庐江县高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)： 这是一份2022-2023学年安徽省合肥市庐江县高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023-2024学年安徽省合肥市高一上学期期末英语模拟试题（含解析）： 这是一份2023-2024学年安徽省合肥市高一上学期期末英语模拟试题（含解析），共15页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年安徽省合肥市六校联考高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）： 这是一份2022-2023学年安徽省合肥市六校联考高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
