高考英语一轮复习unit 4 cyberspace课时练含答案

这是一份高考英语一轮复习unit 4 cyberspace课时练含答案，共14页。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·成都高三摸底)A new study has shwn hw cmputers and rbts pwered by artificial intelligence can read human eye mvements t “read” human persnalities.
The eyes, they say, are the windws t the sul. And if that is true, cmputers and rbts pwered by sphisticated(复杂的) artificial intelligence algrithms(演算法) may sn have the ability t peer__int yur sul. That is the result f a new study n the cnnectin between eye mvements and persnality, cnducted by neurscience researchers based at the University f Suth Australia and published in the scientific jurnal Frntiers in Neurscience.
“Eye mvements during an everyday task predict aspects f ur persnality，” wrte the researchers, led by University f Suth Australia neurscientist Tbias Letscher, whse team fllwed 42 study subjects arund the university campus recrding their eye mvements, then determined their persnality traits with “well­established questinnaires” fr determining the persnality type, accrding t a summary f the study published by the site Science Daily.
The researchers fed the data int their AI algrithms and fund that cmputers running the algrithms were able t recrd human eye mvements and immediately determine a persn’s majr persnality traits, such as “neurticism, extraversin(外向), agreeableness, cnscientiusness, as well as curisity”， the scientists wrte.
“The new findings culd imprve the way human beings interact with their cmputers and ther high­tech devices, even rbts, allwing fr mre natural and realistic scial interactins with machines，” Letscher said.
“Peple are always lking fr imprved, persnalized services. Tday’s rbts and cmputers are nt scially aware s they cannt adapt t nn­verbal infrmatin，” Letscher said in a statement quted by The Indian Express. This research prvides pprtunities t develp rbts and cmputers s that they can becme mre natural, and better at interpreting human scial signals.
The study revealed previusly undiscvered relatins between specific persnality characteristics and specific eye mvement tendencies, accrding t a summary in Britain’s Daily Mail newspaper.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了一项人工智能计算机和机器人通过读人眼球的运动从而一窥人的个性的研究。
1．What d the underlined wrds “peer int” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．Understand.
B．Stare at.
C．Search fr.
D．Cncern abut.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“The eyes, they say, are the windws t the sul.”，并结合对第一段的整体理解可推知，此处peer int与第一段中的“read”相呼应，故选A。
2．Hw did the researchers cnduct the research?
A．It was carried ut in a lab.
B．42 study subjects’ eye mvements were recrded.
C．The students’ daily mvements were tracked.
D．Its subjects’ persnalities were determined by cmputer.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据对第三段的整体理解可知，这项研究是通过追踪42个研究对象并记录他们的眼球运动来开展的，故选B。
3．Accrding t Tbias Letscher, what can we knw?
A．Rbts and cmputers are scially cnscius.
B．Peple care less abut imprved, persnalized services.
C．Tday’s rbts and cmputers can accustm t nn­verbal infrmatin.
D．The discvery will imprve the interactin between human beings and machines.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据对倒数第三段的整体理解可知，这项研究发现有助于改善人类和机器的互动，故选D。
4．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Human Persnality Traits
B．What Human Eye Mvements Are
C．Tell Persnalities by Eye Mvements
D．Hw Humans and Machines Interact
C 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段开篇点题，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项人工智能计算机和机器人通过读人眼球的运动从而一窥人的个性的研究，故选C。
B
(2020·沈阳教学质量监测一)With smart technlgy increasingly influencing all aspects f ur lives, it is nly a matter f time befre smene invents smart shes—nes that can be made based n persnal needs. Called “ShiftWear”， the sneakers are the brainchild f a team f businessmen, and engineers led by New Yrk­based designer David Celh.
The adaptable shes can be custmized by using a smart phne app. She wners will have the ptin f selecting a design frm a variety f HD patterns by famus artists r creating ne themselves. The cmpany’s funders imagine the marketplace where artists can nt nly share but als sell their designs t thers. Despite being electrnic, the designs are clearly visible even in the brightest sunlight. What’s even cler is that by switching n backlight, users can even shw their designs in the dark!
Accrding t Celh, the sneakers will keep their charge frever if nly images are displayed. Thugh they will need peridic recharging, active users have nthing t wrry abut. That’s because the shes are equipped with special WalkNCharge technlgy that pwers the shes—with every step. Inactive users als have ptins f charging the sneakers withut using wires.
The bttm part f the shes is cvered with Kevlar fibers, a kind f strng material, reducing nrmal wear and tear. Even better, they are cmpletely waterprf(防水的) and can even be thrwn int an rdinary laundry machine fr a quick wash! The cmpany predicts that the shes will range in price frm $150 t $1，000 depending n the size f the EPanels where the designs are displayed.
This is nt the first time that electrnics and shes have cmbined. Lithuaniabased iShuh Technlgies has cme up with a similar cncept that cnnects ereader panels t a smart phne app via the Bluetth. Whether these smart shes becme as ppular as ur smart devices remains t be seen, thugh they surely are attractive.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种智能运动鞋。
5．What can we knw abut the smart shes frm the text?
A．The electrnic designs can nt be seen clearly at night.
B．The designers make sure every pair f sneakers is unique.
C．The bttm part f the shes can last lnger due t special materials.
D．The shes have t be washed by hand t prtect the electrnics.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The bttm part f the shes is cvered with Kevlar fibers, a kind f strng material, reducing nrmal wear and tear.”可知，鞋子的底部附着凯芙拉合成纤维，这是一种增强材料，可以减少正常的磨损；据此可知，由于使用了特殊的材料，这种鞋子的鞋底耐磨，故C项正确。
6．What des Paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A．Hw the sneakers are charged.
B．Hw the sneakers can wrk well.
C．What images the sneakers shw.
D．What technlgy the sneakers carry.
A 解析：段落大意题。通读第三段可知，该段第一句“Accrding t Celh, the sneakers will keep their charge frever if nly images are displayed.”为该段的主题句，并结合全段内容可知，该段主要介绍了这种鞋子是如何充电的：活跃的用户可以通过走路来充电，不活跃的用户也可以不用电线充电，故A项正确。
7．The varied prices f the sneakers mainly depend n ________.
A．the length f the shes
B．the size f their EPanels
C．the designers f the shes
D．the material f their bttms
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段尾句“The cmpany predicts that the shes will range in price frm $150 t $1，000 depending n the size f the EPanels where the designs are displayed.”可知，该公司预计，这款鞋的价格范围将是150美元到1 000美元，这取决于展示这些设计的电子显示屏的尺寸，故B项正确。
8．Hw des the authr feel abut the sneakers’future market?
A．Negative. B．Anxius.
C．Uncertain. D．Cnfident.
C 解析：观点态度题。根据尾段最后一句“Whether these smart shes becme as ppular as ur smart devices remains t be seen, thugh they surely are attractive.”可知，尽管这些智能鞋子很有吸引力，但是它们是否会像我们的智能设备一样流行还有待观察；据此可推知，作者对这种鞋子的未来并不确定，故C项正确。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·平顶山名校模拟)
Hw t Be a Gd Listener t Yur Family
Cmmunicatin is imprtant fr strng family relatinships. 1.________ Wrking n yur listening skills can help yu cmmunicate better and frm strnger bnds.
Listen actively. When listening t a family member, d nt let yur mind wander t ther things. It’s imprtant t make yur family member feel heard and valued. Put yur phne away and give them yur full attentin. Never think abut ther things when smene is talking. 2.________
Repeat what has been said. Briefly summarizing what the speaker has said can g a lng way twards effective cmmunicatin. Everyne wants t feel valued and heard, s repeating a family member’s pint can shw yu were listening. 3.________ It can really allw yu and yur family t cmmunicate better as well.
4．________ Interrupting can put breaks n effective cnversatin. Always allw a few secnds f silence after smene finishes talking befre ffering yur respnse. This allws yu t make sure the speaker has finished talking. D nt talk ver smene either. N matter hw curius yu feel abut a subject, d nt start talking until the ther persn has finished.
Avid hurrying the speaker. 5.________ D nt break in befre the speaker is finished just t hurry the speaker alng. Never say things like “Can yu get t the pint？” This will make it seem like yu’re nt interested in the cnversatin.
A．D nt interrupt.
B．Never rush the persn int talking.
C．Instead, fcus n what’s being said.
D．Peple tend t pause when they speak.
E．It can help yu make sure yu understd the speaker.
F．When smene finishes talking, ask questins if necessary.
G．Hwever, if yu dn’t truly listen t thers, it can be difficult t cmmunicate.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了四个改善家庭成员间关系的倾听技巧。
1．G 解析：空前一句突出交流对巩固家庭成员之间关系的重要性，空后一句是说使用倾听技巧可以帮助你更好地交流以及建立更密切的联系，故G项“然而，如果你不能真正地倾听他人，交流就会变得困难”从反面进一步强调倾听的重要性。
2．C 解析：本段围绕“Listen actively.”展开，根据本段的内容及空前一句“当别人讲话时不要去想其他的事情”可知，C项“而要关注对方正在说的内容”符合语境。
3．E 解析：本段紧扣“Repeat what has been said.”进行论证，空处与前一句构成递进关系，E选项中的“It”指代前一句中的“repeating a family member’s pint”。
4．A 解析：空处为段首句，根据段落特征可知，本句应为祈使句且为本段的主题句。空后一句讨论打断别人会中断有效的交流，由此可推知段首句应为不要打断(他人说话)。故A项符合语境。
5．B 解析：本段主题是“避免催促说话人”。空处谈论的内容应与首句相关，B项中的“rush”与空前的“hurrying”同义，表示“催促”。故选B项。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2020·合肥高三调研)Grwing up in the 1960s, I was taught frm an early age t send a handwritten thank­yu nte expressing __1__ fr kindness. My mther used t buy me a bx f paper and __2__ me in the art and value f saying “thank yu”. She __3__ t be right.
A study shwed that it tk less than 5 minutes t write the thank­yu ntes. Just 5 minutes t make __4__ persn feel verjyed! __5__， in ur “instant” wrld, the idea f getting an actual pen and writing an actual nte seems t never cme t mind. We tend t d what is __6__ fr us—a quick text r an email.
It’s easy t use the __7__ f being busy, but even very busy and __8__ businessmen find time t __9__ thank­yu ntes. Fr example, when Duglas Cnant became CEO f Campbell’s, the cmpany had __10__ half f its market, and its value and mrale(士气) was at an all­time lw. He __11__ fixing that by ding sme simple things that are prbably nt __12__ in any MBA class. Fr ne thing, Cnant wrte t every __13__. He gained their cnfidence and __14__， turned the cmpany __15__．
In his ten years as CEO, Cnant wrte ver 30，000 ntes t emplyees. It’s __16__ nt t ask hw he did it. __17__， he had many ther things t d __18__ writing a thank­yu nte. Cnant made time fr __19__ because he knew the impact(影响) each ne wuld have. An expressin f __20__ in this crazy wrld still makes a difference.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。小时候，妈妈教“我”用手写的感谢便条来表达对善良的感激，并教“我”表达感谢的艺术和价值；研究表明，不到五分钟就能用手写好的感谢便条会让他人感到快乐。
1．A.cncern B．sympathy
C．affectin D．appreciatin
D 解析：根据该句中的“a handwritten thank­yu nte expressing ______ fr kindness”可知，该处指用手写的感谢便条来表达对善良的感激(appreciatin)，故D项正确。A项意为“担心，关心”；B项意为“同情”；C项意为“喜爱”。
2．A.cnsult B．instruct
C．answer D．impress
B 解析：根据该句“My mther used t buy me a bx f value f saying ‘thank yu’．”可知，“我”的妈妈过去常常给“我”买一箱纸，并教授(instruct)“我”表达感谢的艺术和价值，故B项正确。A项意为“咨询”；C项意为“回答”；D项意为“使留下深刻印象”。
3．A.remained B．prved
C．appeared D．claimed
B 解析：根据语境尤其是下文可推知，此处表示她证明(prved)(这样做)是正确的，故B项符合语境。A项意为“保持”；C项意为“显得”；D项意为“声称”。
4．A.ne B．any
C．each D．anther
D 解析：根据空前一句可知，写感谢便条花费不到五分钟的时间；并结合该句和常识可推知，此处表示仅花费五分钟就可以让另一个(anther)人非常高兴，故D项正确。
5．A.Yet B．Therefre
C．S D．Otherwise
A 解析：根据该句中的“seems t never cme t mind”并结合上文可知，尽管仅花费五分钟就能用手写好的感谢便条能让他人感到快乐，但是(Yet)，在我们这个“快捷的”世界里，人们似乎不愿意用这种方式来表达谢意；据此可推知，该处前后表示转折关系，故A项正确。
6．A.special B．necessary
C．cnvenient D．imprtant
C 解析：根据该句中的“a quick text r an email”可推知，该处表示我们趋向于使用对我们来说方便的(cnvenient)方式——快速发送的短信或电子邮件，故C项正确。
7．A.case B．excuse
C．example D．situatin
B 解析：根据语境以及该句中的“f being busy”并结合常识可知，人们很容易以忙为借口(excuse)，故B项正确。A项意为“事例”；C项意为“例子”；D项意为“情况”。
8．A.humrus B．ptimistic
C．successful D．experienced
C 解析：根据语境可知，人们很容易以忙为借口，但即使是很忙碌和成功的(successful)商人也能找到时间写(pen)感谢便条。
9．A.pen B．receive
C．design D．deliver
A 解析：参见上题解析。
10．A.lst B．gained
C．develped D．damaged
A 解析：根据该句中的“mrale(士气) was at an all­time lw”可知，士气空前低落；据此可推知，这家公司已经损失(lst)了一半的市值，故A项正确。
11．A.gave up B．kept up
C．set abut D．wrried abut
C 解析：根据该句中的“He ______ fixing that by ding sme simple things”并结合语境可推知，他开始做(set abut)一些简单的事情来解决这一问题，故C项正确。A项意为“放弃”；B项意为“跟上”；D项意为“担心”。
12．A.permitted B．taught
C．checked D．tested
B 解析：根据语境可推知，他所做的简单的事情很可能没有在任何MBA课堂上被教(taught)过，故B项正确。A项意为“允许”；C项意为“检查”；D项意为“测试”。
13．A.market B．businessman
C．cmpany D．emplyee
D 解析：根据下文中的“gained their cnfidence”和“Cnant wrte ver 30，000 ntes t emplyees”可推知，Cnant给每个员工(emplyee)写了便条，得到了他们的信任，故D项正确。
14．A.persnally B．frankly
C．naturally D．ccasinally
C 解析：根据语境可知，Cnant得到了员工们的信任，顺理成章地(naturally)使公司好转(turned arund)起来。
15．A.up B．dwn
C．away D．arund
D 解析：参见上题解析。turn arund意为“好转，扭转”，故D项正确。turn up意为“开大”；turn dwn意为“调低；拒绝”；turn away意为“把……打发走”。
16．A.hard B．great
C．amazing D．disappinting
A 解析：根据前一句可知，在担任CEO的十年间，Cnant给他的员工们写了三万多张便条；结合语境和常识可知，这令人很难(hard)不去问他是如何做到的，故A项正确。
17．A.As usual B．In shrt
C．By the way D．After all
D 解析：根据语境可知，此处表示毕竟(After all)，除了(besides)写感谢便条，他有许多其他事情要做。
18．A.by B．in
C．besides D．withut
C 解析：参见上题解析。
19．A.me B．it
C．him D．them
B 解析：根据语境可知，空处指代空前一句中的“writing a thank­yu nte”，故B项正确。
20．A.kindness B．jy
C．value D．cnfidence
A 解析：根据本文第一句中的“expressing ______ fr kindness”并结合全文可推知，在这个疯狂的世界中，善良(kindness)的表达仍然会有作用，故A项正确。
课时练2 2篇阅读＋1篇七选五＋
1篇语法填空
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·北京海淀区名校联考)At 9：30 a．m. n a Wednesday mrning, I received a ntificatin(通知) that I’d already picked up my phne 30 times that day! “11 left until yu g ver yur gal f 41 pickups，” my screen read. “Put yur phne dwn until 9：52 a．m.! Enjy yur time living in the mment.”
These updates were sent via Mment, an app that tracks the screen time, created by Kevin Hlesh in 2014 t fight his wn device addictin. He was wrking as an independent app develper, spending hurs each day staring at screens. After wrk, Hlesh fund that he was lking mindlessly nline instead f talking t his wife r taking his dgs fr a walk.
“I wanted a way f seeing hw much time I was sinking int my phne，” he said. “S I came up with smething that culd mnitr my screen time.” Hlesh fund that he was spending 75 minutes n his phne a day. He added a functin t the app that infrmed him whenever his screen time was mre than 40 minutes. “My phne wuld make a sund like a bee, and I’d g and d smething else. It was like smething pushing me in the right directin，” he said. Hlesh figured that if the system wrked fr him, it wuld wrk fr thers, and later that year he made Mment a free app. T date, it has been dwnladed 8 millin times.
Besides, Mment als has a “cach” functin, ffering guided prgrams t help users fcus and be mre prductive, fr $7.99 a mnth.
“I am s much happier, I sleep better, I read mre, I take better care f myself, and mst f all I am present in my day­t­day life，” Jack, a user said . Similar cmments n Mment reflect a grwing cnsciusness arund “digital wellness”， the name given t lifestyle practices that encurage healthy device use.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一款名为“Mment”的手机软件，该软件可以对超时使用手机的人发出提醒，让人们合理使用设备。文章主要介绍了这款软件的发明过程和功能以及用户对它的评价。
1．What des the inspiratin f Mment cme frm?
A．The creatr’s wn experience.
B．The sund made by hney bees.
C．Cmplaints frm family members.
D．The widespread digital addictin.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“These updates were sent via Mment , an app that tracks the screen time, created by Kevin Hlesh in 2014 t fight his wn device addictin.”，并结合该段其他内容和第三段可知，该软件的发明源于Kevin Hlesh自己的经历，故A项正确。
2．What des Mment d at the expected screen time?
A．Mnitr the screen and keep a recrd.
B．Make a nise t remind the user.
C．Turn ff the phne immediately.
D．Frce the user t take a rest.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He added a functin t the app that infrmed him whenever his screen time was mre than 40 minutes. ‘My phne wuld make a sund like a bee, and I’d g and d smething else...’”可知，如果超时使用手机，则这款软件会使手机发出声音来提醒使用者，故B项正确。
3．What des the authr intend t d in Paragraph 4?
A．Persuade readers t buy the app.
B．Prvide readers with sme advice.
C．Recmmend a cach t the readers.
D．Intrduce mre infrmatin f the app.
D 解析：写作意图题。根据第四段的内容可知，该软件还具有“教练”功能，提供一些指导方案，让用户注意力集中，更有效率，并结合上文介绍的该软件的超时使用手机的提醒功能可推知，在第四段作者旨在介绍该软件的更多信息，故D项正确。
4．In which part f a website will yu find this text?
A．Fashin and Business.
B．Sprts and Entertainment.
C．Health and Lifestyle.
D．Art and Design.
C 解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一款名为“Mment”的手机软件，该软件可以对超时使用手机的人发出提醒，让人们合理使用设备，拥有更有益于健康的生活方式。据此可推知，本文最有可能摘自健康和生活方式版块，故C项正确。
B
(2020·信阳第一次质检)Are yu a prcrastinatr(拖延者)? It’s a cmmn prblem. And it can be harmful, as previus research has shwn that peple wh prcrastinate have higher levels f stress and lwer well­being, reprted the Assciatin fr Psychlgical Science in the US. But a new study has fund a way t deal with this prblem: Be mre cnnected t yur future self.
Psychlgists think that each persn believes that they are really tw peple：“Present Me” and “Future Me”. “Peple act as if they prefer their current selves’ needs and desires t thse f their future selves，” wrte psychlgists Neil Lewis and Daphna Oyserman.
Oyserman and Lewis decided t try t find a way t make “Present Me” imagine exactly hw “Future Me” wuld feel the night befre a big paper was due, thugh “Present Me” hadn’t started yet. They made “Present Me” think abut a far­ff event a number f days away, nt mnths r years.
Thinking abut events in this__way meant that smething like a friend’s wedding seemed 16.3 days sner when cnsidered in days rather than mnths and 11.4 mnths sner when cnsidered in mnths rather than years.
The researchers als tried t find ut whether peple wuld take actin sner if they were tld a certain event was happening in several days rather than years. Fr example, participants imagined they had a newbrn child, and that the child wuld need t g t cllege in either 18 years r 6，570 days. The researchers fund thse in the “days” cnditin planned t start saving fur times sner than thse in the “years” cnditin.
S if yu think f yur life in days instead f years, yu may get things dne quicker.
【解题导语】 本文主要探究了一种应对拖延症的方法。
5．What did Oyserman and Lewis intend t d thrugh their study?
A．T wrk n a slutin t test if smene is a prcrastinatr.
B．T find ut whether human beings usually have tw different characters.
C．T discver prcrastinatrs are mre likely t have a lwer sense f well­being.
D．T prve it’s helpful t cnnect ur current selves mre with future selves.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据对第三段的整体理解可知，Oyserman和Lewis想要通过他们的研究去验证把“现在的我”和“将来的我”联系起来是否会对应对拖延症有一定的帮助，故选D。
6．The underlined part “this way” in Paragraph 4 refers t “________”．
A．setting up tugh deadlines
B．fllwing schedules strictly
C．cunting in smaller units f time
D．imagining hw yur future self will feel
C 解析：词义猜测题。承接第三段最后一句“They made ‘Present Me’ think abut a far­ff event a number f days away, nt mnths r years.”可推知，画线部分是指用更小的时间单位去计量，故选C。
7．What helps prevent peple frm prcrastinating?
A．Cmparing their future selves with present selves.
B．Cnsidering their current selves’ needs and desires.
C．Thinking abut far­ff events in days rather than years.
D．Marking imprtant events n a calendar as a reminder.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的内容以及最后一段“S if yu think f yur life in days instead f years, yu may get things dne quicker.”可推知，用天而不是用年去考虑将来所发生的事情会帮助拖延者不再拖延，故选C。
8．What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A．A way t get things dne in time.
B．The harmful effects f prcrastinatin.
C．The reasn t verlk future needs and desires.
D．The way t reduce stress and imprve happiness.
A 解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“But a new study has fund a way t deal with this prblem: Be mre cnnected t yur future self.”，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要探究了一种应对拖延症的方法，故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·合肥第一次质检)
Aplgizing the Right Way t a Friend
Why are aplgies s difficult? Saying yu are srry can be the mst difficult thing yu d. But we all make mistakes, s yu’ll prbably have an ccasin when yu need t aplgize. Perhaps yu had blew up at smene and realized later yu reacted prly. 1.________. Whatever the reasn, aplgizing can help yu bth heal and mve n frm the situatin.
2．________. First, yu acknwledge that yu did smething wrng. With an aplgy, yu take respnsibility fr yur actins, which allws yur friend t frgive yu. Secnd, an aplgy gives yur sincerity as a friend. 3.________， but that desn’t mean we still shuldn’t aplgize.
Nw, what are elements f a prper aplgy? 4.________， depending n what the ffense was, where it was dne, and wh yu are aplgizing t. In general, a gd aplgy shuld include the fllwings: a request fr their attentin, an acknwledgment f what happened, sincerity in admitting yu did smething wrng and the wrds “I’m srry” r “I aplgize”. Here are things never t say when aplgizing. Nte that the art f aplgizing invlves taking respnsibility. Never aplgize as a way t “shut smene up” when they are saying yu hurt their feelings and yu dn’t think yu did. 5.________， yu shuld talk things thrugh with yur friends until yu see why they are hurt r hw yu came acrss. Yu’ll really need t self­reflect s yu can see things frm yur friend’s pint f view.
A．When yu make yur aplgy in persn
B．If yu really believe yu did nthing wrng
C．Aplgies benefit friendships in a variety f ways
D．The way yu aplgize is ging t be slightly different
E．Or maybe yu just didn’t shw supprt when yu needed t
F．Aplgizing the right way, hwever, may take a little practice
G．Smetimes ur pals frgive us easily fr the minr things we d wrng
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了向朋友道歉的正确方法。
1．E 解析：根据空后的“Whatever the reasn”可知，空处与空前一句讲的是向朋友道歉的原因，所以选项E与语境相符，且选项E中的“maybe”与空前一句中的“Perhaps”相呼应，故选E。
2．C 解析：空处位于段落句首主题句的位置；通读该段可知，该段主要讲的是道歉对友谊的好处，故C项符合语境。
3．G 解析：根据空后的“but that desn’t mean we still shuldn’t aplgize”可知，G项“有时我们的朋友轻易地就原谅了我们犯的小错误”符合语境。
4．D 解析：根据空后的“depending yu are aplgizing t”可知，D项“你道歉的方式要稍微不同”与之衔接自然，故选D项。
5．B 解析：根据空后的“yu shuld talk things thrugh with yur friends until yu see why they are hurt r hw yu came acrss”可知，B项“如果你确实认为你没做错什么”与之联系紧密，故选B项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·滁州模拟)Lins, tigers and ther animals are staying awake at night 1.____________(avid) human beings, a new study finds.
Scientists have knwn that human activities can lead t changes in nature. Many animals may mve arund less r travel t far places t keep away 2.____________ peple. By being awake at night, animals can als be n guard against pssible enemies and spend less time 3.____________(lk) fr fd.
The latest research fund even activities like farming and camping can 4.____________ (fright) animals and cause them t becme mre active at night. 5.____________ had been studied were lins in Tanzania, tigers in Nepal and mnkeys in Brazil. Researchers cmpared 6.____________(careful) hw much time thse animals were active at night in areas f human activities, such as hunting and farming. 7.____________ was human activities that caused an increase f abut 20 percent in night­time activities, even in creatures that usually sleep at night. Results 8.____________(publish) in the jurnal Science tw mnths ag.
The new findings are 9.____________(usual) because n ne else has lked at it in such detail befre. Eclgist Marlee Tucker was 10.____________(surprise) that any kind f human activities is enugh fr animals t see peple as a threat.
【解题导语】 人类活动导致许多动物在夜间保持清醒以保持警惕状态。
1．t avid 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：一项新的研究发现，狮子、老虎以及其他的动物在夜间保持清醒旨在避开人类。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。
2．frm 解析：考查固定搭配。keep away frm...“远离……”，为固定搭配。
3．lking 解析：考查固定用法。spend time ding sth.“花时间做某事”，为固定用法。
4．frighten 解析：考查动词。句意：最新的研究表明，即使像务农和野营这样的活动也会惊吓到动物，进而导致它们夜间变得更加活跃。情态动词can后应接动词原形，故应用名词fright的动词形式frighten。
5．What 解析：考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句且在从句中作主语，故填What。
6．carefully 解析：考查副词。修饰句中的谓语动词cmpared应使用副词。
7．It 解析：考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，去掉______ was和that之后，句子表意完整，故该句为强调句型“It was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分”。
8．were published 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，谓语动词publish和句子的主语Results之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语tw mnths ag可知，描述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
9．unusual 解析：考查形容词。句意：因为先前没人对此进行过如此详细的研究，所以这些新的发现显得不同寻常。
10．surprised 解析：考查形容词。此处为过去分词作表语，表示主语Marlee Tucker的状态，故用形容词surprised。