福建专用高考英语一轮复习考点规范练29含解析

考点规范练29

Ⅰ.阅读理解

The world is getting warmer.Animals have begun to change in response to the new condition.And some of them have become smaller.Some scientists thought this might be an adaptation to a warmer world;smaller bodies should be able to lose heat better.But now a new study published in Science has found that for red knot birds,that’s not the case.

Ecologist Jan van Gils and his colleagues have been studying these birds for 33 years.Over the course of their research,Jan van Gils and his team have found that in Russia where the red knots summer,snowmelt and spring have been advancing by half a day per year on average.Over more than thirty years,the researchers caught and measured nearly 2,000 birds.In years when the snowmelt had arrived particularly early,the birds were likely to be smaller and have shorter bills(鸟嘴).

The birds leave the coast of Western Africa,where they winter,and fly north toward Russia with no clue as to what the weather is like there.The birds are supposed to arrive in spring,so they can lay their eggs and when their chicks hatch out,there will be a wealth of arthropod(节肢动物) insects to feed their young.

But even though the red knots are advancing their arrival date by about a quarter of a day per year,it is not enough to keep up with the snowmelt.And in years when the snowmelt arrives early,the arthropods reach the greatest quantity before the birds need them.Therefore,chicks miss out on eating well and they grow up to be smaller and have shorter bills.

Being smaller and having a shorter bill isn’t a problem in Russia—but it is in Africa.There,adult birds feed on thin-shelled bivalves(双壳贝类),Loripeslucinalis.But the bivalves are buried deep.However,otheroptions,Dosiniaisocardia bivalves and seagrass rhizomes(根茎),which only the youngest birds rely on,are not abundant or nutritious.

Jan van Gils and his colleagues found that,in their first year,shorter-billed red knots don’t survive as well in Africa.“A few short-billed birds make it,”Jan van Gils says,“but the majority of birds that survive are the long-billed birds.”

1.Jan van Gils and his colleagues reached the conclusion by 　　　. 

A.comparing red knots with other birds

B.dividing 2,000 red knots into several groups

C.watching and examining red knots for three decades

D.analyzing studies that have been published in Science

2.What influence does early snowmelt have on red knots?

A.Their chicks don’t have enough to eat.

B.Their eggs take more time to hatch out.

C.They need to find other places for summer.

D.They arrive in Russia half a day earlier each year.

3.Few adult short-billed red knots survive in Africa because 　　　. 

A.they can’t find arthropod insects to eat

B.they can’t access Loripeslucinalis bivalves

C.theDosiniaisocardia bivalves they need are rare

D.theseagrass rhizomes they feed on are not nutritious

4.What’s the purpose of the text?

A.To tell a story.

B.To provide facts.

C.To make an announcement.

D.To put forward suggestions.

Ⅱ.完形填空

(2019·辽宁沈阳一模)

Jayce Crowder began noticing when he was in kindergarten that he looked different from his classmates.They had two 　1　.He had one. 

“It started when one boy 　2　him,”says his mother,CortneyLewis,“He’d return home with questions:why am I 　3　?Why me?Why?” 

Lewis 　4　 she didn’t know what to do at that point.How could she 　5　 answers to her son’s questions when she had never got those answers herself? 

One day,Lewis　6　 a news story on the TV about a six-foot-three eighth grader from Washington,Iowa.TrashaunWillis,then 14,had become 　7　 on the Internet after posting videos of his slam dunks(扣篮),and,likeJayce,most of his left arm was 　8　.Lewis called Jayce in.He was 　9　 watching one dunk after another. 

At the time,it seemed that watching Trashaun would simply be a(n) 　10　 moment for Jayce.And had it stayed just that,Lewis would have been happy.But little did she 　11　 that a family friend had already 　12　 the DesMoinesRegister,asking the newspaper to help set up a(n) 　13　 with Trashaun to build up Jayce’s 　14　. 

The boys met at last and 　15　 became good friends.They rode bikes around the school’s hallways,tookphotos,played hide-and-seek,and shot baskets. 

At one point,Trashaun did get serious with Jayce.He talked about their left arms.He told Jayce he was 　16　 the way God made him.He told him not to let anyone 　17　 their confidence. 

Since that meeting,Lewis has seen a(n) 　18　 difference in her son.He has recently started wrestling and loves it.Lewis points to Trashaun’s　19　.“Meeting him,”shesaid,“made Jayce 　20　 that there are others like him.” 

As for Trashaun,his relationship with Jayce made him look forward to helping more kids.

1.A.ears　　　　 B.hands

C.eyes D.feet

2.A.pointed out B.listened to

C.picked up D.laughed at

3.A.normal B.short

C.different D.weak

4.A.admits B.pretends

C.suspects D.ignores

5.A.provide B.allow

C.reflect D.instruct

6.A.introduced B.made

C.found D.advertised

7.A.content B.popular

C.smart D.extraordinary

8.A.rising B.failing

C.covered D.missing

9.A.attracted B.frightened

C.moved D.bored

10.A.personal B.inspiring

C.typical D.ordinary

11.A.pay B.mean

C.know D.require

12.A.demanded B.contacted

C.founded D.aroused

13.A.party B.class

C.organization D.meeting

14.A.confidence B.strength

C.reputation D.personality

15.A.constantly B.unselfishly

C.nervously D.instantly

16.A.flexible B.strange

C.perfect D.charged

17.A.inspect B.help

C.shake D.increase

18.A.obvious B.accurate

C.decreasing D.harmful

19.A.devotion B.influence

C.action D.impression

20.A.announce B.defend

C.desire D.understand

Ⅲ.语篇填空

(2017·全国Ⅰ)

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt.Thistrend,which was started by the medical community(医学界) 1.　　　　　　 a method of fighting heart disease,has had some unintended side 2.　　　　　　(effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. 

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet.They are required 3.　　　　　　　(process) the food that we eat,to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.When fat and salt 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　(remove) from food,the food tastes as if it is missing something.As 5.　　　　　　result,people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.Even 6.　　　　　　(bad),the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.Fast food 7.　　　　　　(be) full of fat and salt;by 8.　　　　　　　(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. 

Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food.However,be 9.　　　　　　(care) not to go to extremes.Likeanything,it is possible to have too much of both,10.　　　　　　is not good for the health.

考点规范练29(选修6　Unit4)

Ⅰ.【解题导语】本文是说明文。受全球变暖的影响,在融雪期特别早的年份孵化出来的红腹滨鹬会体型变小、鸟嘴变短,这直接影响它们的生存。

1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“EcologistJanvanGilsandhiscolleagueshavebeenstudyingthesebirdsfor33years.”及“Overmorethanthirtyyears,theresearcherscaughtandmeasurednearly2,000birds.”可知,答案为C项。

2.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Andinyearswhenthesnowmeltarrivesearly,thearthropodsreachthegreatestquantitybeforethebirdsneedthem.Therefore,chicksmissoutoneatingwell...”可知,如果融雪期提前到来的话,等红腹滨鹬的幼鸟孵化出来时,它们已经错过了节肢动物数量最多的时候,因此没有足够的食物吃。

3.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“...adultbirdsfeedonthin-shelledbivalves,Loripeslucinalis.Butthebivalvesareburieddeep.”可推测,Loripeslucinalis这种贝类在地下比较深的地方,因此嘴短的红腹滨鹬吃不到它们,影响生存。

4.B　写作目的题。通读全文可知,本文介绍了在融雪期特别早的年份孵化出来的红腹滨鹬会体型变小、鸟嘴变短,从而直接影响它们生存的事实。

Ⅱ.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。JayceCrowder左臂残缺,受到同学嘲笑,在和同样左臂残缺的TrashaunWillis见面并且成为好朋友后,JayceCrowder意识到世界上还有和他一样的人,对自己的未来充满信心。

1.B　根据下文“mostofhisleftarmwas...”及“Hetalkedabouttheirleftarms.”可知,JayceCrowder上幼儿园时就开始注意到自己和别人不一样,他们有两只手(hands)而他只有一只。

2.D　根据上文“helookeddifferentfromhisclassmates...Hehadone.”及下文的JayceCrowder回到家时的反应可知,JayceCrowder回到家的提问源于有一个男孩嘲笑(laughedat)他。

3.C　根据上文中的“JayceCrowderbegannoticingwhenhewasinkindergartenthathelookeddifferentfromhisclassmates.”可知,JayceCrowder问妈妈为什么自己和其他人不同(different)。

4.A　根据下文“Howcouldshe...answerstoherson’squestionswhenshehadnevergotthoseanswersherself?”可知,Lewis承认(admits)她当时不知道如何回答儿子的问题。pretend“假装”;suspect“怀疑”;ignore“忽视”。

5.A　此处的句意为当她自己还不知道答案时,她如何能为儿子提出的问题提供(provide)答案呢?allow“允许”;reflect“反映,沉思”;instruct“指导”。

6.C　一天,Lewis发现了(found)电视上的一个新闻故事。introduce“介绍”;make“制作”;advertise“做广告”。

7.B　根据上文“Oneday,Lewis...anewsstoryontheTV...”可知,TrashaunWillis的事情已经成为新闻了,因此TrashaunWillis上传到网络上的扣篮视频使他在网上很受欢迎(popular)。

8.D　根据空前likeJayce可知,和Jayce一样,TrashaunWillis左臂的大部分也是缺失的(missing)。rise“上升”;fail“失败”;cover“覆盖”。

9.A　根据空后“watchingonedunkafteranother”可知,Jayce被TrashaunWillis的扣篮视频深深吸引(attracted)。

10.B　上文说到Trashaun身体有残疾却能够扣篮,因此对Jayce来说,当时观看Trashaun的视频仅仅是一个鼓舞人心的(inspiring)时刻。

11.C　但是Lewis几乎不知道(know),她的一位朋友已经联系(contact)了DesMoinesRegister。pay“付钱”;mean“打算,意味着”;require“要求”。

12.B　参见上一题解析。demand“要求,命令”;contact“联系”;found“建立”;arouse“唤起”。

13.D　根据下文中的“Theboysmetatlast”可知,Lewis的朋友请求这家报社帮忙给Jayce和Trashaun安排一次见面(meeting)来树立Jayce的信心。

14.A　根据下文中的“Hetoldhimnottoletanyone...theirconfidence.”可知,这次见面的目的是树立Jayce的信心(confidence)。strength“力量,长处”;reputation“声誉”;personality“个性”。

15.D　根据空后的“Theyrodebikesaroundtheschool’shallways,tookphotos,playedhide-and-seek,andshotbaskets.”可知,这两个男孩见面了,并且立刻(instantly)成为了好朋友。constantly“持续地”;unselfishly“无私地”;nervously“紧张地”。

16.C　从前文可知,Trashaun是个非常有自信的男孩。因此可以推断出,Trashaun告诉Jayce,上帝把他造成这样,他也是完美的(perfect)。flexible“灵活的”;strange“奇怪的”;charged“充满(某种情绪或想法)的;紧张的”。

17.C　根据下文“Sincethatmeeting,Lewishasseena(n)...differenceinherson.Hehasrecentlystartedwrestlingandlovesit.”可知,此处指不要让任何人动摇(shake)他们的信心。inspect“检查”;help“帮助”;increase“增加”。

18.A　自从那次见面后,Lewis在儿子身上已经看到了明显的(obvious)变化。accurate“准确的”;decreasing“减少的”;harmful“有害的”。

19.B　根据空后“Meetinghim,”shesaid,“madeJayce...thatthereareotherslikehim.”可知,Lewis谈到Trashaun对她儿子的影响(influence)。devotion“奉献”;action“动作”;impression“印象”。

20.D　与Trashaun的见面使Jayce明白(understand)世界上还有和他一样的人。announce“宣布”;defend“保卫”;desire“渴望”。

Ⅲ.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要分析了低脂低盐的饮食方式的利弊以及这种饮食方式对人体的影响。

1.as　考查介词。as“作为”,是介词。此处意为“作为一种与心脏病做斗争的方法”。

2.effects　考查名词的数。effect“作用”,是可数名词。根据前面的some可知要用effects。sideeffects“副作用”。

3.toprocess　考查非谓语动词。requiresb.todosth.“要求某人做某事”,所以填toprocess。

4.areremoved　考查被动语态。remove是及物动词,与fatandsalt有逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用被动语态。

5.a　考查固定搭配。asaresult“结果”,是固定搭配。

6.worse　考查比较级。根据前面的even可知,所填的词要用比较级。bad的比较级是worse。

7.is　考查主谓一致。fastfood是第三人称单数形式,句子是一般现在时,所以填is。

8.eating　考查非谓语动词。by是介词,后接动词时要用动词-ing形式。

9.careful　考查形容词。be是连系动词,后面要接形容词做表语。care的形容词形式是careful。

10.which　考查定语从句。题空处引导非限制性定语从句,且在从句中做主语,所以填which。