2021广东省新高考普通高中联合质量测评新高三省级摸底考试英语含解析

绝密★启用前

2021年广东省新高考普通高中联合质量测评

新高三省级摸底联考

英语试卷

本试题卷共8页。全卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：

1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、考号等填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。

A

For adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D), along with diet and exercise,

once-daily RYBELSUS can help lower blood sugar

21. Which of the following can help people with diabetes lower A1 C significantly?

A. Taking 6 mg of RYBELSUS.       B. Taking 7 mg of RYBELSUS.

C. Taking 14 mg of RYBELSUS.      D. Taking a sugar pill.

22. What can we learn from the information?

A. For adults with type 2 diabetes, once-daily RYBELSUS can certainly lower blood sugar.

B. You pay as little as $10 for a 30-day prescription.

C. You can lose weight if you take RYBELSUS.

D. RYBELSUS does not raise the risk of stroke.

23. You can most probably read this from          .

A. a comic book       B. a science fiction       C. a novel       D. a magazine

B

When Ariel Cordova-Rojas rode her bike to Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in Queens, New York, last November, she planned to go hiking and birdwatching. Bingo! A mile into her walk, she spotted a gorgeous female mute swan near the water’s edge. Cordova-Rojas, 30, who had worked at the Wild Bird Fund rehabilitation center in Manhattan, knew that mute swans can be aggressive. But as she approached this one, it didn’t move. She was certain that the bird needed medical attention. Cordova-Rojas draped her jacket over the bird’s head to keep it calm, gingerly picked it up, and cradled it in her arms. And then a thought struck her: What do I do now?

Her best bet was the rehab center, but that was across the East River and clear on the other side of town. How was she going to transport a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way? Luckily, some bemused strangers driving by offered her, her bike, and the swan a lift to a nearby subway station.

On the subway, no one seemed particularly fazed by the feathered passenger. One guy, says Cordova-Rojas, was "sitting right in front of me on his phone. I don’t know if he noticed there was a swan in front of him."

Cordova-Rojas called the rehab center enroute, and Tristan Higginbotham, an animal-care manager, picked her up at the subway station and drove bird, bike, and rescuer to the facility. There, staff members determined that the swan might have lead poisoning, caused by ingesting weights used on fishing lines.

The staff got the swan back up on her webbed feet. She even made a boyfriend at the center-another injured swan. Sadly, even with all that TLC, the swan contracted a bacterial infection. Two months after Cordova-Rojas came to her rescue, she passed away.

It is a disappointing ending, but the real story is just how far some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city-literally. In all, Cordova-Rojas traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway(while hauling her bike). Says Higginbotham, "That’s the perfect summary of who she is."

24. Which statement mentioned in the 1 st paragraph is correct?

A. The mute swan was aggressive.

B. Ariel Cordova-Rojas had planned to save the swan.

C. The swan was dumb.

D. Ariel Cordova-Rojas worked in Wild Animal Fund rehabilitation center in Manhattan.

25. What was the possible reason why the swan was injured?

A. She was attacked by the hunter.     B. She swallowed some kind of metal.

C. She was hurt by her boyfriend.      D. She was poisoned by the fishman on purpose.

26. Which of the following can be used to describe Cordova-Rojas?

A. Honest and responsible.      B. Determined and caring.

C. Ambitious and sensitive.      D. Patient and single-minded.

27. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?

A. To call on people to help the injured swan.

B. To show the importance of help.

C. To think highly of Cordova-Rojas.

D. To encourage people to share their stories with others.

C

Creating devices that are better for the environment may involve working up a good sweat. That’s because engineers are using sweat to make systems that store energy. One such device is a type of capacitor. It is powered by sweat and can be used to charge a device. Researchers at the University of Glasgow in Scotland developed the device. A capacitor is an electrical component that stores energy physically, in a form very much like static electricity. (In contrast, batteries store energy chemically.)

The system recently developed is a supercapacitor. This is a capacitor with two conducting surfaces on which a charge of energy is stored. The energy it stores can be used later. The energy could power an LED light or a type of electronic. Researchers described their new model May 11,2020 in a scientific journal. The findings are exciting because devices powered by sweat could pave the way to wearable tech that is both safer and better for the environment. Today’s wearable electronics include gadgets strapped to the body, such as watches and fitness trackers. However, engineers are also creating electronics that are part of clothing or stuck onto the skin.

Batteries power most wearable devices today. Yet those batteries often contain chemicals that can harm the environment. That’s where the idea of using a bodily fluid comes into play. Electrolytes (电解质)are minerals in your body that have an electric charge. With the device, the sweat serves as the electrolyte. "That’s kind of a new way of using sweat," observes Mallika Bariya. She is a scientist at the University of California, Berkeley. She did not take part in the new study. She says electrolytes are an important part of these supercapacitors. They’re needed for these devices to provide power. Sweat is interesting, not gross, she argues. It can tell you about someone’s health. Also, the chemical makeup of sweat can change depending on what part of the body makes it.

28. How does a supercapacitor work?

A. It contains batteries that store energy chemically which could be used later to charge a device.

B. It contains batteries that store energy physically which could be used later to charge a device.

C. It is powered by sweat and store energy chemically which could be used later to charge a device.

D. It is powered by sweat and store energy physically which could be used later to charge a device.

29. What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2?

A. A supercapacitor powered by sweat could charge wearable tech.

B. Wearable tech is safer and better for the environment.

C. A supercapacitor works with two conducting surfaces on which a charge of energy is stored.

D. Engineers are creating different electronics that are tied to the body with a strap.

30. In what way does sweat replace harmful battery chemicals?

A. The sweat reacts with the chemicals and stores energy.

B. The sweat is mixed with electrolytes and changes its chemical makeup.

C. The sweat gets rid of some harmful chemicals.

D. The sweat contains minerals called electrolytes that have an electric charge.

31. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A. Electrolytes play an important part in storing energy

B. Working up a sweat may one day power up a device

C. Supercapacitors are better for the environment

D. Batteries that power devices can harm the environment

D

Astronauts get to experience many interesting attractions. When astronauts go to space, they can become weightless. They get to see Earth as a little blue dot. Astronauts get to experience shooting up into space at 20, 000 miles per hour. That is more than three times faster than an airplane. Still, food is not one of the interesting parts of being an astronaut. Space travelers have had to eat strange foods. One example is liquid salt and pepper. They have also had to eat dried shrimp cocktail. The astronauts add water to it to make it a liquid again before eating.

However, the menu for astronauts is going to grow. Scientists have been growing lettuce in outer space. The lettuce is just as safe, nutritious and tasty as lettuce grown on Earth. Gioia Massa works at the NASA Kennedy Space Center in Florida. She is the lead scientist on the lettuce growing project. She said that growing food in space could be pivotal for astronauts on long missions. Massa says that today’s space food may not work for these longer missions. This packaged food is stored for a long time. The quality and taste of the food goes down. In addition, the vitamins in the food start to break down. Massa says the astronauts may not get enough nutrition from these foods during long missions.

She also added that there could be another benefit to growing food in space. Looking after plants could help astronauts emotionally. Space food has improved in recent years. Many astronauts visit the International Space Station(ISS). It is a research station in outer space. Anything sent to ISS has to score at least a 6 out of 9 on a taste test. Even so, astronauts can grow tired of eating the same old vacuum-packed meals. Massa says many of the astronauts end up losing weight.

The space-grown lettuce was similar to Earth-grown lettuce. In fact, some of the space-grown plants had more nutrients than Earth-grown lettuce. The space lettuce also had higher levels of bacteria. This was possibly because the lettuce grew in a warmer, more humid system. However, none of this bacteria was dangerous.

32. Why does the author mention some strange foods space travelers have had to eat?

A. To draw a conclusion.          B. To introduce the topic.

C. To attract readers’ attention.     D. To give explanations.

33. What does the underlined word "pivotal" mean in the second paragraph?

A. adventurous      B. negative      C. crucial      D. possible

34. Which of the following may not be the one that Massa probably agrees?

A. Astronauts get enough nutrition from growing food in space.

B. Growing food in space gives astronauts a more varied diet.

C. Astronauts get help emotionally by looking after plants in space.

D. Astronauts never grow tired of eating the same old packaged food.

35. What may happen in the following days according to the text?

A. More and more astronauts will end up losing weight.

B. It will not be a long time before astronauts can cook these ingredients.

C. NASA plans to grow other produce on the ISS.

D. More vacuum-packed meals will be sent to ISS to keep astronauts from getting sick.

第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Books cost nothing on Stan Tucker’s Leap for Literacy bookmobile, called the Read 'n' Roll. However, they don’t come free.   36   Acts are recorded on kindness tickets, which are like cash on the Read 'n' Roll. When the bookmobile shows up at a school, the kids jump into a line to exchange their tickets for hooks.

Tucker was teaching kindergarten in Atlanta, Georgia, in 2014.   37   It broke Tucker’s heart, and it gave him an idea for a way to get books to kids. Now working as a waiter and camp counselor, Tucker started his program during a year off from teaching in 2015.Sometimes he was lugging more than 1, 000 books in a car for giveaways at schools.   38   He now gives away 2,500 books a year. More than 13, 000 students have traded kindness tickets for books.

   39   However, he added, "At every turn, something has happened to keep this going." For example, he met country singer Zac Brown, an Atlanta native, who came into the restaurant where Tucker worked. Tucker asked Brown’s five kids about school. Because he liked the way Tucker interacted with his family, Brown told him, "Maybe we can help each other out." Brown was starting a summer camp and offered Tucker a camp counselor job and an old tour bus for a bookmobile.

   40   He used it to expand his program. Five hundred kids participated in a writing program in which they were given blank books to write in. A few of the books they wrote were chosen by the Leap for Literacy board to he illustrated and published. Tucker hopes to one day fill the bookmobile with those hooks.

A. Over the past five years, Leap for literacy has grown.

B. To build the program, Tucker knew he needed something to count, so he started counting acts of kindness.

C. The currency to buy them is kindness.

D. Another fortunate turn was the $25, 000 check he got on "The Ellen DeCeneres Show" in 2019.

E. How Tucker got the nickname "Stan the Man" is part of the inspiration he shares with kids.

F. A student approached him before a book fair to say he wouldn’t be going because his mom didn’t have any money.

G. Tucker, who loved books as a kid, said it seemed impossible to make his dream work on a waiter’s pay.

第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Marty Verel, a 50-year-old kidney transplant recipient in Ohio, should have been near the top of the list to receive a COVID-19 vaccine.   41   like millions of others, he wasn’t having any luck scheduling an appointment. Marty and his wife, Nancy Verel, would sit with computers on their laps trying for hours to book an appointment on different sites, all of which were slow and   42   . "I felt   43   ," Nancy says.

Then Nancy heard about Maria Zwinggi, a 40-year-old morn of three from a Cleveland suburb who was spending up to ten hours a day online trying to get appointments for   44   individuals. So Nancy   45   Zwinggi on Facebook: Can you help? Twenty-five minutes later, Zwinggi responded by asking for Marty’s legal name, date of birth, and other   46   . Nine minutes after that, Zwinggi reported hack-Marty had an appointment to get the vaccine.

Zwinggi’s vaccine   47   Carted on February l, when she learned that her parents-her father has leukemia and her mother is a breast cancer survivor with a heart condition-were   48   to get appointments themselves. She hated that they had to wait. Clicking around on vaccine registration sites, Zwinggi, who has helped her husband develop websites, discovered just how   49   it was to book an appointment. "It was like trying to get a World Series ticket," she says.

She applied strategies that web insiders are   50   with(keeping multiple browsers open, refreshing sites every 20 seconds, erasing cookies)and added a few of her special skills. "I work   51   . I drink a lot of coffee, and I’m a fast typer," she says. Soon enough, Zwinggi had secured appointments for her   52   .

Zwinggi decided that helping others would be her way of   53   to the society. "I feel like I need to will us out of this pandemic," she says. On February 10, she logged on to Facebook to let people know that she was   54   with bookings. By March 2, she’d secured appointments for 400 people, a feat that made Nancy conclude, "Marla is some sort of COVID-19   55   ."

41. A. Because  B. Yet  C. So  D. When

42. A. apparent  B. relaxing  C. exact  D. complicated

43. A. hopeless  B. thrilled  C. hopeful  D. cautious

44. A. young  B. energetic  C. weak  D. disabled

45. A. puzzled  B. messaged  C. retold  D. explained

46. A. instruction  B. functions  C. information  D. secrets

47. A. expecting  B. making  C. hunting  D. preparing

48. A. impossible  B. quick  C. capable  D. unable

49. A. fast  B. difficult  C. easy  D. interesting

50. A. strict  B. concerned  C. patient  D. familiar

51. A. persistently  B. suddenly  C. sadly  D. slowly

52. A. e-friends  B. husband  C. parents  D. employer

53. A. giving out  B. giving hack  C. giving off  D. giving in

54. A. assisting  B. agreeing  C. communicating  D. comparing

55. A. monster  B. patient  C. doctor  D. angel

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Tianwen 1, named after an ancient Chinese poem, was launched场a Long March 5 heavy-lift carrier rocket on July 23, 2020 from the Wenchang Space Launch Center in the southernmost island province of Hainan.   56   kick-started(启动)China's first mission to another planet.

   57   (drive)by a combination of 49 large and small engines, the spacecraft traveled more than 470 million km and carried out four midcourse corrections(中途调整)and a deep-space trajectory maneuver(轨道修正)before entering   58   orbit of Mars on February 10, 2021.

The China National Space Administration made public on June 11, 2021 four pictures. They were taken by the Tianwen 1 robotic mission,   59   (show)the Zhurong rover(火星车)on the Martian surface and   60   (scene)of its landing site.

Three pictures were taken by Zhurong’s cameras, and displayed the rover’s upper stage, its landing platform and the environment of the landing site. Another picture   61   (shoot)by a separate camera, displaying the rover and the landing platform together.

A fabric Chinese national flag and a drawing of mascots of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympic Winter Games are   62   (notice)in the landing platform’s picture. Also in this photo, the tracks of Zhurong on the surface can be   63   (clear) seen.

The group photo of Zhurong and the landing platform was created by a small camera,   64   was originally attached to the bottom of the rover and then placed   65   Martian soil when the rover traveled about 10 meters to the south of its landing platform.

第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华，4月23日“世界读书日”即将来临，请你用英语写一封倡议书。要点包括：

1.阅读的好处；

2.如何培养良好的阅读习惯；

3.号召同学们多读书，读好书。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear fellow students,

第二节(满分25分)

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Not on his route!

On a lazy Sunday morning, 54-year-old Winston Douglas drove his bus along a normally bustling but then quiet Ormond Street in the Peoplestown section of Atlanta. A woman using a walker was slowly crossing the street, so Douglas, a driver for the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA), tapped the brakes as he turned the wheel to the left to go around her.

As he did so, he noticed a muscular young man in his early 20s standing shirtless on the sidewalk. That wasn’t all that unusual for a late summer day in Atlanta. What was unusual was that the man was staring at the woman walking across the street.

Douglas was wondering, "Why was he staring at the woman?" Within seconds, he saw the man sneak up behind the unsuspecting woman and rob her of the wallet. The woman fell on the sidewalk because of the force from behind. Realizing what was happening, she cried, "Help! Help!" The man tried to attack her to stop her screaming. But she fought back. The two collapsed onto the road between two parked cars, and the man continued his assault. The bus passengers witnessing the attack gasped. June Jarrett thought she was watching a horror movie come to life. Screaming at him to stop, she said, "You’re killing her." And he looked up at the driver and just continued to assault her. Douglas immediately stopped his bus. Quickly unbuckling his seat belt, he threw open the folding doors and jumped out.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

He grabbed a heavy four-foot-long stick from a construction site nearby. Douglas ran the few steps over to them.

Two weeks after the assault, Douglas visited Terri at her home.