2022年中考英语必读时事热点7（原卷+解析）

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一、阅读理解：揭秘神舟十三太空返回“神技”
二、阅读理解：俄乌战争，气候，流行疾病导致全球粮食危机，而人口大国——中国却能安全应对。
三、阅读理解: 虚拟财产很重要，年轻人开始立遗嘱继承。
四、阅读回答问题: 向网络霸凌坚决说 “不”！
五、阅读理解： 科技解锁春耕“新姿态”
六、阅读回答问题： 国学故事：德才兼备。
七、阅读理解 ：中国传统文化—— B站up主柳青瑶让古曲复活，用琵琶演奏中国故事
八、书面表达：在新冠疫情这场战斗中，做一个有担当的青少年。
一、阅读理解
China welcmed three heric astrnauts hme n April 16. The re-entry mdule (返回舱) carrying Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu tuched dwn safely at the designated (指定的) Dngfeng Landing Site in Inner Mnglia autnmus regin. This ended the Shenzhu XIII astrnauts’ six-mnth space missin.
This return marks a majr breakthrugh fr China’s effrts in space. Let’s lk at sme f the technical details f the missin.
Speed recrd
The missin set a new speed recrd. The Shenzhu XII return capsule revlved arund the Earth 11 times
ver 24 hurs, befre returning n Sept 17, 2021. This time Shenzhu XIII shrtened the time t abut 9 hurs,
rbiting the Earth five times.
The Shenzhu XIII missin was simplified t nly five rbits and was designed t return mre efficiently.
This apprach required mre precise cntrl f the spacecraft and mre accurate rbital calculatins. This
meant that when the spacecraft separated, it culd quickly target the landing area, calculate the return path, and
adjust its altitude, Having the ability t adpt such a fast return methd indicates that China’s return technlgy
fr manned missins is very mature and reliable.
Temperature cntrl
Anther challenge fr astrnauts returning t Earth is traveling thrugh the atmsphere. After the re-entry
capsule enters the atmsphere, there is fierce frictin (摩擦) with the air. The surface temperature f the capsule
can reach thusands f degrees.
T slve this prblem, the researchers designed a heat-resistant cating n the surface f the Shenzhu
XIII return capsule. They als laid a layer f ablative material (烧蚀材料) that sublimated (升华) and fell ff
when the temperature reached a certain level, taking a lt f heat with it.
Landing
The re-entry capsule landed upright (直立的) in the designated area. Such a landing psitin is rare in
China’s space flight histry. S far, nly Shenzhu VI and Shenzhu XIII have achieved an upright landing. T
achieve this, astrnauts must perate and let g f parachute (降落伞) with precise timing. A small mistake may
cause the capsule t be pulled dwn by the parachute. Landing upright is the ideal way t land, ensuring
astrnauts have the sftest landing.
1. Hw many times did the Shenzhu XIII re-entry capsule rbit the Earth and hw lng did it take?
A. 11 times; ver 24 hurs. B. 9 times; ver 24 hurs.
C. 5 times; abut 11 hurs. D. 5 times; abut 9 hurs.
2. Frm the paragraph we learn abut that except __________.
A. when and where Shenzhu XIII returned the Earth.
B. hw lng the heric astrnauts wrked in space statin.
C. why the re-entry capsule culd land upright.
D. hw t cntrl the surface temperature f the capsule when entering the atmsphere
3. Hw did the Shenzhu XIII re-entry capsule resist the extreme heat when traveling thrugh the atmsphere?
A. The whle capsule was made f heat-resistant metals.
B. A device changed heat int energy.
C. It slwed dwn t reduce heat.
D. Special materials n its surface helped it keep cl.
4. What can we learn abut the upright landing f the Shenzhu XIII re-entry capsule?
A. The Shenzhu XIII re-entry capsule was the first t land upright.
B. This psitin reduced frictin with the air.
C. Its success relied n the precise peratin f the astrnauts.
D. It was achieved by adjusting the speed f the parachute.
5. What’s the main idea f this article?
A. Hw Shenzhu XIII landed n the Earth.
B. Sme breakthrughs in space technlgy.
C. Sme details f the astrnauts’ returning hme.
D. Hw the heric astrnauts wrked and lived in the space statin.
二、阅读理解
It may sund like a cliche (老生常谈), but fd is still the stuff f life. S when glbal fd prices sar (大涨), peple wrry.
The United Natins’ Fd and Agriculture Organizatin (FAO) said n April 8 that wrld fd prices hit an all-time high in March. Prices fr vegetable ils, meats, sugar and dairy prducts culd rise up t 22 percent.
Accrding t the agency, the FAO’s fd price index (指数) had already reprted an all-time high in February, as the pandemic, pr weather and climate crisis damaged agriculture and threatened fd security fr millins f peple.
The Ukraine crisis has made the situatin much wrse. Bth Russia and Ukraine have vast grain-grwing regins. They are amng the wrld’s main breadbaskets. The tw cuntries tgether accunted fr arund 30 percent f glbal wheat exprts. The cnflict has als caused a rise in the cst f the ther daily essentials and fuel.
“It is extremely wrrisme,” said Rabah Arezki, frmer chief ecnmist at the Wrld Bank.
In 2022, there will be 44 millin peple in 38 cuntries at the “emergency” phase f fd insecurity, just ne step away frm a declaratin f famine. Peple in Suth Sudan, Yemen, and the nrthern parts f Ethipia and Nigeria are at particular risk.
Recent unrest (动荡) acrss the wrld highlights the risks. In Sri Lanka, prtests have erupted ver shrtages f gas and ther basic gds.
Glbal fd insecurity may make many cncerned: Des China have enugh fd fr its ppulatin f 1.4 billin?
Accrding t Wei Baigang, chief ecnmist at the Ministry f Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China relies mainly n dmestic grain prductin and nly 2 percent f the natin’s grain is imprted. Glbal price increases have had little impact n China’s fd prices. China’s fd prices even drpped 1.5 percent year-n-year in March, in sharp cntrast t the glbal fd price rise f mre than 30 percent.
In 2021, China saw a gd grain harvest fr the 18th year in a rw, with ttal grain utput exceeding (超过) 650 millin tns fr seven cnsecutive years.
The harvest ensured the cuntry’s basic self-sufficiency (自给自足) in grain and its abslute grain security.
1.What aspects threaten wrld fd security except________?
A. the pandemic B. pr weather and climate crisis C. the Ukraine crisis D. the grwth f ppulatin
2. Why des the Ukraine crisis make fd safety wrse？
A. Because this war used up a lt f materials.
B. Because the tw cuntries stpped exprting fd
C. Because bth Russia and Ukraine accunted fr arund 30 percent f glbal wheat exprts.
D. Because the war affects peace and peple's lives
3.Which f statements is wrng?
A. Fd security in many cuntries f the wrld will be at risk in 2022.
B. Unrest (动荡) arund the wrld increases the fd risks.
C. The fd prices in the wrld rse up t 22 percent in April 2022 .
D. When wrld fd prices rise, n the cntrary, China's fd prices are falling.
4. The main reasn fr China's fd price stability(稳定) is that________.
A. China mainly depends n its wn fd prductin.
B. China des nt imprt fd.
C. China des nt exprt fd
D. Gd weather and climate has brught abut a large gd harvest.
5. What des the paragraph talk abut?
A. It talks abut the fd security f China.
B. It talks abut the fd security f the wrld.
C. It talks abut the peple’s wrries abut fd.
D. It talks the impact f the Ukraine crisis n fd security
三、阅读理解
Mre yung Chinese peple are making wills. In additin t dealing with physical prperty (实体财产), many cnsider virtual (虚拟的) prperty in their wills.
Virtual prperty is smething we wn in the digital wrld. This includes virtual mney and scial media accunts . It is prtected by the law and can be inherited (继承), accrding t China’s Civil Cde (《民法典》). Fr example, when it cmes t nline games, virtual prperty includes the player’s game level, in-game mney and varius items (物品) earned by the player. These virtual prperties can smetimes be made int real prperty.
Accrding t the China Will Registratin Center (中国遗嘱注册中心), 553 peple brn in the 1990s registered wills with the center in 2021. Virtual prperty is prminently (显著地) set ut in these wills. Fr example, 21.75 percent f peple brn in the 1990s and 17.3 percent f peple brn after the year 2000 included virtual prperty in their wills. Alipay, WeChat, QQ and game accunts are cmmn types f virtual prperty included in the wills.
Ma Xiatia plans t make a will befre he jins the army, accrding t Blue Letter, a Guangzhu-based blgger. Ma, 22, said he plans t leave his King f Glry and League f Legends accunts t his yunger brther.
Chen Yixian, a 22-year-ld cllege student frm Tianjin, said his virtual prperty is an imprtant part f his life, especially his nline game accunts. “The main reasn that I see in-game items like weapns (武器) as prperty is that I spent a lt f mney n them,” Chen said. “The game accunts have als recrded my mments f glry and ther happy memries. I hpe that thers wh feel the same can keep them after I am gne.”
1. Which f the fllwing is NOT a kind f virtual prperty?
A. A debit card. B. An email address. C. A QQ accunt. D. An in-game item.
2. Hw many peple brn in the 1990s put virtual prperty in their wills in 2021?
A. Abut ne-fifth. B. Abut a quarter. C. Abut half. D. Abut three quarters.
3. What d we knw abut Ma Xiatia?
A. He is the yungest persn t make a will.
B. His parents will inherit his virtual prperty if he dies.
C. He made a will t arrange his physical prperty.
D. He put virtual prperty in his will.
4. What is prbably Chen Yixian’s pinin?
A. Virtual prperty is useless in mst peple’s eyes.
B. He thinks virtual prperty is a great part f his life.
C. He desn’t knw wh will inherit his prperty.
D. Whever inherits his prperty shuld feel glrius.
四、阅读回答问题
Calling smene names, stealing their things, threatening (威胁) them – these terrible things are all kinds f bullying. Yung peple als experience a new kind f bullying: cyber-bullying (网络霸凌).
Cyber-bullying is a dwnside f new technlgy. It invlves bullying peple n scial media platfrms.
Cyber-bullying can happen at any time r place, n matter where the victim (受害者) is. It is pssible t cyber-bully smene where they feel safest – their wn hmes.
Nt nly are cyber-bullies hard t avid, they are als hard t catch. It is all t easy t send an annymus (匿名的) threat by text frm an unknwn phne number. It takes n time at all t set up a false scial netwrk accunt and pst an insulting (侮辱的) message. And, if yu knw hw t hide yur IP address, yu can uplad an ffensive (冒犯的) vide t a website like YuTube and yur victim wuldn’t knw wh t blame .
One f the mst upsetting things abut cyber-bullying is that it can invlve mre peple than traditinal frms f bullying. A bully can insult yu r tell lies abut yu and share that infrmatin with the whle schl with the tuch f a buttn. Fr sme teenagers, it’s t much. The UK charity Beat bullying suggests that up t 44 percent f suicides (自杀) amng 10 t 14-year-lds may be due t bullying.
The gd news is that the wrld is wising up (了解) t cyber-bullying. Schls and websites like Child-net Internatinal ffer advice and supprt t victims. Scial netwrks nw advise users t think carefully abut their privacy (隐私) settings. Many als prvide a “panic” buttn t reprt disturbing (令人不安的) activity.
1. When and where might cyber-bullying happen?
2. What is Paragraph 4 mainly abut?
3. Hw can cyber-bullying hurt students?
4. What d schls and websites d t help victims f cyber-bullying?
5. Translate the fllwing sentence:
Cyber-bullying is a dwnside f new technlgy.
五、阅读理解
The whle year’s wrk depends n a gd start in spring, as the ld saying ges. April is the critical perid fr spring plwing (春耕). Farmers frm all ver China are busy laying a slid fundatin fr the autumn harvest. Mdern technlgy is playing a key rle in farming. Drnes (无人机), apps, driverless tractrs – hw are these technlgies changing ne f the wrld’s ldest jbs?
Drnes
Yu may think drnes are nly fr shting fancy vides. These eyes in the sky are als used by farmers t watch crps, find pests (害虫) and make sure that water is used efficiently.
Drnes can als help humans d physical wrk. In Xinjiang, fr example, ver 5,000 drnes farm 1.3 millin hectares f land. Pwered by China’s BeiDu Navigatin Satellite System, the drnes can spread seeds, fertilizer (化肥) and pesticides (农药) faster and mre evenly than humans.
Driverless tractrs
Driverless vehicles are cnstantly being develped. This technlgy can nw be used when planting and
harvesting crps. Driverless tractrs can wrk in fields arund the clck.
Smart Ag is a US cmpany that prduces driverless tractrs. The tractrs have sensrs (传感器), radar and
GPS. Pulling a grain cart, the tractr can autmatically receive grain frm a cmbine (收割机) and then send the cart t be unladed (卸货). Accrding t technlgy fficer Mark Barglf, “it is able t detect bjects and wn’t run ver peple r run int ther equipment”.
The irrigatin app
One f the mst imprtant jbs f a farmer is t make sure that plants are watered. A new smartphne app
called Smart Irrigatin can help.
Develped by an agricultural scientist at the University f Gergia, US, the app uses GPS technlgy t tell
farmers when t water their crps. Cnnected t the clsest weather statin t learn abut lcal rainfall, it
estimates hw much water the plants need each day. It’s nt just fr farmers: peple can use it t decide when t
water their lawns (草坪).
1. What farm wrk can nt a drnes d?
A. spreading seeds B. watching crps C. finding pests D. harvesting the crps
2.What’s the meaning f the underlined phase?
A. 在钟的四周 B. 不费时费力地 C. 在白天 D. 全天候地
3.Which f the fllwing statements is right?
A. Drnes can spread pesticides faster and mre evenly than rbts.
B. Driverless tractrs can harvest crps but can’t plant crps.
C. The irrigatin app can be used fr watering crps r lawns.
D. The main purpse f drnes is t take phts.
4. What des this paragraph talk abut?
A. Sme imprvements in science.
B. Sme inventins in farming.
C. Sme use f mdern technlgy in farming
D. Sme advantages in mdern farming.
六、阅读回答问题
There is a stry in the bk Histry as a Mirrr (《资治通鉴》) by Chinese histrian Sima Guang.
Zhi Xuanzi was the head f a big clan (家族) in the State f Jin during the Spring and Autumn Perid
(770-476 BC). He wanted a clan member, Zhi Ya, t be his successr (继承人).Hwever, anther man in the
clan, Zhi Gu, was against the idea. Zhi Gu listed five strng pints f ZhiYa. Fr example, he was gd at
riding and shting. He was decisive (果断的) and talkative. But Zhi Gu said that he had a big prblem: his
mrals (道德). He had an unkind heart.
Still, Zhi Xuanzi didn’t listen t the idea. Zhi Ya became the head f the clan. With his leadership
abilities, he quickly made his clan the strngest in Jin. Hwever, because f his aggressive style, three ther clans
wrked tgether t fight against the Zhi clan. Finally, the Zhi clan was beaten.
Sima Guang used this stry t stress the imprtance f mrals. Talent is nt enugh. He said that excellent
peple must have bth talent and virtue .
Thse wh have virtue but n talent might wrk inefficiently (低效地). Thse wh have talent but n virtue might nt use their talent prperly. Thse wh have bth talent and virtue were called xiancai (贤才) in ancient times. If yu ask which ne is mre imprtant between the tw, it must be virtue. Only if a persn has virtue can he r she get n the right track .
In 2018, when President Xi Jinping talked with students and teachers at Peking University, he mentined Sima Guang’s ideas. He said gd educatin shuld develp bth a persn’s virtues and talents. Educatrs must fllw this idea. As students, we can als make it ur gal.
1. Wh wrte the bk Histry as a Mirrr?
2. In Zhi Gu’s pinin, what were Zhi Ya’s strng pints?
3. Why was Zhi Gu against Zhi Ya becming the next leader?
4. What happened t the Zhi clan under Zhi Ya’s leadership?
5. What shuld excellent peple be like, accrding t the stry?
七、阅读理解
Prince Lanling in Battle (《兰陵王入阵曲》), Prince Qin Breaking thrugh the Enemy Array (《秦王破阵乐》), The Ballad f Mulan (《木兰辞》) ... These ancient pieces f music are cultural cdes shared by Chinese peple, but they have lng been lst. Liu Jing, a music cmpser and a pipa player in her early 30s, has brught them back t life by cmpsing riginal scres (曲谱).
The artist started t play the pipa at the age f 5. She tk part in cmpetitins and visited a number f freign cuntries t give perfrmances.
Liu nce gave a perfrmance in the UK. As she played a tune which described the failed lve stry between Jia Bayu and Lin Daiyu in the Dream f the Red Chamber , an elderly wman sitting in the first rw burst int tears. Later, Liu asked if she had read the stry. The wman said, “N, but I just felt the meldy yur instrument made tuched me deeply.”
The experience was ne f the inspiratins that urged Liu t prmte traditinal Chinese music and instruments. Liu started t pst nline vides f herself playing the pipa, using the nline name Liu Qingya in 2016. At the beginning, she started t play ppular music cvers and flk music. Hwever, she fund ut that there were few musical scres that can truly bring ut the charm (魅力) and spirit f Chinese music and culture. She decided t make a change by creating sme herself.
Prince Lanling in Battle is Liu’s mst ppular wrk, with mre than 17.5 millin views n the vide platfrm Bilibili. The vide tk her six mnths t make. Mst f that time was spent researching and arranging (编曲) fr her instruments. “I want it t be histrically accurate and prfessinal,” Liu said.
With a master’s degree in histry, Liu cmpares cmpsing sngs t writing a histry paper – althugh bth need careful preparatin. She paid fr field trips t ancient grttes (洞窟), made clthes accrding t murals (壁画) in ld tmbs and brrwed replica (复制品) instruments frm museums.
T better capture the drumbeats (鼓点) fr her music, she arranged micrphnes in a circle. She later added dzens f tracks f drumbeats while prducing the sng.
“I want my music t impress peple – even freigners wh knw nthing abut the histry r stry behind it,” Liu said.
1.Frm the paragraph we knw that ________.
a. The music f the Ballad f Mulan has been lst fr a lng time.
b. Liu Qingya is Liu Jing’s nline name.
c. Liu Qingya tk part in cmpetitins and wn many prizes.
d. Liu Qingya has cmpsed scres fr many Chinese ancient music.
A. abc B. abd C. bcd D. acd
2.Why did an elderly wman burst int tears when Liu Jing gave a perfrmance in the UK?
A. Because she played a piece f music abut a Chinese traditinal stry.
B. Because the music describes a true lve between tw yung Chinese peple.
C. Because the meldy Liu Jing played tuched her deeply.
D. Because she had read the stry befre and tuched her deeply
3.Why did decided t create sme music herself？
A．Because she thught sme music was nt gd.
B. Because the music she played isn’t ppular.
C. Because she wanted t be an riginal musician.
D. Because she thught sme music culdn’t express the charm and spirit f Chinese music and culture.
4. What’s the meaning f the underlined wrd?
A. 封面 B. 覆盖物 C. 保险 D. 翻唱
5. Which can best describe Liu Qingya frm the article ?
A. an intelligent ,cute, kind-hearted artist. B. a knwledgeable ,hardwrking, brave artist.
C. a knwledgeable ,hard-wrking, serius artist. D. a wise, brave, hard-wrking artist.
八、书面表达
新冠疫情是一场没有人能置之度外的战斗，而胜利的关键是风雨中一个个敢于担当、坚定有力的“铁肩膀”。担当意味着主动付出和奉献、不畏难不推诿，它需要非凡的勇气和意志。
作为祖国的希望，我们需要从现在起就培养这种担当精神。请你以Taking the respnsibility f being a teenager 为题写一篇英语作文。
要点：1、谈谈自己对“青少年的责任”的理解；
2、结合自己的生活列举具体的事例。
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