卷04+时态语态-【小题素养卷】冲刺2022年高考英语小题限时集训

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专题04 时态语态
A组
难度：★★★★☆ 建议用时： 30分钟 正确率 ： /40
单句语法填空
1．Instead f getting dwn t a new task as I ________ (expect), he examined the previus wrk again.
2．(2021·河南省南阳市第一中学高三上学期第二次月考)Large quantities f mney ________ (send) t the earthquake victims t date.
3．(2021·北京首师大附中高三第一次月考)This all changed suddenly when all f nrthern China ________ (destry) by war.
4．Since 2011, the cuntry ________ (grw) mre crn than rice.
5．Susan had quit her well­paid jb and ________ (wrk) as a vlunteer in the neighburhd when I visited her last year.
6．As is knwn t all, the sun ________ (rise) in the east and ________ (set) in the west day after day.
7．Tm ________ (cry) again and again and we can't bear him anymre.
8．It has been three years since we ________ (cme) here.
9．By the time he was nine, Tm ________ (master) a freign language.
10．It is the first time that I ________ (g) abrad.
11．Mre than ne custmer ________ (express) their dissatisfactin with the service f the restaurant s far.
12．Put yur finger int the water. If it ________ (feel) t ht, pur sme cld water in it.
13．Lk at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 9031 t Changsha ________ (take) ff at 7：30.
14．Jim ________ (watch) a late­night film at hme when, right in the middle f a thrilling scene, the televisin went blank.
15．By nw 516 Cnfucius Institutes ________ (fund) in 142 cuntries and regins, accrding t the Cnfucius Institute Headquarters.
16．He must have sensed that I ________ (lk) at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, “Why are yu staring at me like that？”
答案及解析：
1．答案：had expected
解析：句意：他没有像我所期望的那样着手做新工作，而是又检查了一遍以前的工作。此处描述的动作发生在examined之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。
2．答案：have been sent
解析：句意：迄今为止，已向地震灾民提供了大量的资金。由large quantities f可知，谓语动词需要用复数。t date (迄今)与现在完成时连用。mney和send之间是被动关系，所以要用现在完成时的被动结构。故填have been sent。
3．(2021·北京首师大附中高三第一次月考)This all changed suddenly when all f nrthern China ________ (destry) by war.
答案：was destryed
解析：句意：当中国整个北方遭受战争的蹂躏时，这一切突然发生了变化。本句为一般过去时，主语all f nrthern China与谓语destry为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态was destryed。
4．答案：has grwn
解析：由since可知，此处应用现在完成时。
5．答案：was wrking
解析：句意：当我去年拜访她的时候，苏珊辞掉了薪资优厚的工作并且正在社区担任志愿者。因为拜访这一动作发生在过去而那时苏珊正在做社区志愿者，故用过去进行时。
6．As is knwn t all, the sun ________ (rise) in the east and ________ (set) in the west day after day.
答案：rises; sets
解析：句意：众所周知，太阳东升西落，日复一日。表示客观事实、客观规律要用一般现在时。
7．Tm ________ (cry) again and again and we can't bear him anymre.
答案：is crying
解析：句意：汤姆一直在哭泣，我们再也忍受不了他。进行时与某些副词连用可表示说话人的一种强烈的感情，如厌恶、欣赏、钦佩等。
8．It has been three years since we ________ (cme) here.
答案：came
解析：句意：自从我们来到这儿已经三年了。since＋含有一般过去时的句子/表过去的时间点，主句或句子常用现在完成时。
9．By the time he was nine, Tm ________ (master) a freign language.
答案：had mastered
解析：句意：到九岁时，汤姆已经精通了一门外语。by the time表示“到……的时候”，引导时间状语从句时，如果从句用一般过去时，主句要用过去完成时。
10．It is the first time that I ________ (g) abrad.
答案：have gne
解析：句意：这是我第一次出国。在“That/This/It is the first/secnd/third (that) ...”句型中，从句常用现在完成时。
11．Mre than ne custmer ________ (express) their dissatisfactin with the service f the restaurant s far.
答案：has expressed
解析：句意：到目前为止，不止一个顾客表达了他们对那家餐厅服务的不满。根据时间状语“s far”可知，句子应用现在完成时；“mre than ne＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
12．Put yur finger int the water. If it ________ (feel) t ht, pur sme cld water in it.
答案：feels
解析：句意：把你的手指放进水里。如果水太热，就往里面倒一些冷水。感官动词feel不使用被动语态，用主动语态表示被动意义。此处描述一般事实，故句子用一般现在时。
13．Lk at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 9031 t Changsha ________ (take) ff at 7：30.
答案：takes
解析：事物名词作主语时，表示按时间表计划发生的动作，应用一般现在时表示将来。
14．Jim ________ (watch) a late­night film at hme when, right in the middle f a thrilling scene, the televisin went blank.
答案：was watching
解析：“be ding ... when ...”是固定句式，意为“正在做某事，(这时)突然……”；再结合went blank可知，主句应使用过去进行时，故填was watching。
15．By nw 516 Cnfucius Institutes ________ (fund) in 142 cuntries and regins, accrding t the Cnfucius Institute Headquarters.
答案：have been funded
解析：句意：根据孔子学院总部的统计，到现在为止，全世界142个国家和地区已经建立了516所孔子学院。主语“516 Cnfucius Institutes”和“fund”之间是被动关系，该句应用被动语态。且“By nw”作时间状语，句子应用现在完成时。故填have been funded。
语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the past 17 days, participants frm almst every part f the wrld gathered in Beijing fr the Olympic Winter Games, 1. ________ they have tried their utmst t cmpete with thers t btain medals, but als knelt dwn 2. ________ (hug) ppnents when they fall n the snw; where they fught fr the hnr f their cuntry, but als supprted each ther even at a time when their cuntries are at dds…
This Winter Olympics nt nly presented the glbe with what the Internatinal Olympic Cmmittee (IOC) President Thmas Bach hailed as a "3. _______ (true) exceptinal" sprts feast, but als injected much-needed unity and tgetherness t a smewhat divided wrld. Successfully 4. ________ (hst) the Winter Olympics, under the shadw f the raging COVID-19 and against the backdrp f certain cuntries staging a geplitical farce, prjected t the wrld China's "true nature," said bservers, nting it is a welcming cuntry devted t unifying cuntries and prmting peace, and a cnfident cuntry shwing ff its 5. ________ (achieve).
Fr Chinese peple, such a winter sprts feast will nt nly bring the cuntry's ice and snw sprts t a new high, it will als 6. ________ (infuse) the peple with much cnfidence abut the cuntry's gvernance, shwing the peple hw well it wrks. Chinese President Xi Jinping 7. ________ (attend) the clsing ceremny f the Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022, held at the Natinal Stadium in the Chinese capital n Sunday night.
During the ceremny, Bach declared the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games clsed.
Bach called the Beijing Winter Olympics "truly exceptinal" in his speech 8. _______ the clsing ceremny. "The Olympic spirit culd shine s brightly nly because the Chinese peple set the stage in such an excellent way - and in 9. ________ safe way," said the IOC chief. In fur pints during his speech, Bach extended his thanks and cngratulatins t the vlunteers and t China the hst cuntry in 10. _________ (China) language.
语法填空答案：
where 考察定语从句关系副词
t hug 考察动词不定式
truly 考察副词
hsting 考察非谓语动词
achievements 考察名词复数形式
have infused 考察将来完成时
attended 考察一般过去式
at 考察介词
a 考察冠词
Chinese 考察形容词
短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
（2021•黄山市二模•短文改错）
I use t be a persn wh hated exercising. And after I started playing baseball, I became attracting t the sprt. Nw, I spend mst f my time imprving my skills, fr it is the hard prcess fr me. I need t make mre effrts than thers. I enjy the feeling f wrking with teammate, as well as the time we spend it tgether. I am a beginner in this sprt. Smetimes peple will lk dwn t me, but it desn’t matter. It will nly make them keep ging. I believe nly by practicing ver and ver again I catch up with ther fantastic players ne day. The challenge mtivate me t wrk harder.
【答案】
1. use → used
2.And → But
3.attracting→ attracted
4.the→ a
5.teammate→ teammates
6.去掉it
7.t → n/upn
8.them→ me
9. again后加can/will/shall
10. mtivate→ mtivates
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了过去自己很讨厌锻炼，但是现在被棒球吸引了，努力练习和鼓励自己，不在意别人的嘲笑。
1.考查固定短语。句意：我曾经是一个讨厌锻炼的人。根据定语从句wh hated exercising可知,主句描述的是过去的事，应用固定短语used t be“过去曾经是”。故将 use改为used。
2.考查连词。句意：但当我开始打棒球后，我开始被这项运动所吸引。根据I became attracted t the sprt可知，此处与上文内容相反，是转折关系，要用转折连词but，且首字母要大写。故将And改为But。
3.考查形容词。句意：但当我开始打棒球后，我开始被这项运动所吸引。根据主语为I，可知此处要用v-ed形式的形容词，修饰人，作became的表语。故将attracting改为attracted。
4.考查冠词。句意：现在，我花了大部分时间来提高我的技能，因为这对我来说是一个艰难的过程。根据名词prcess可知，此处要用不定冠词，hard是以辅音音素开头的词，应用不定冠词a，表示“一个”。故将the改为a。
5.考查名词复数。句意：我喜欢和队友一起工作的感觉，也喜欢一起度过的时光。根据句意可知，此处不止一个队友，因此要用名词的复数形式。故将teammate改为teammates。
6.考查代词。句意：我喜欢和队友一起工作的感觉，也喜欢一起度过的时光。分析句子成分可知，此处是一个定语从句，先行词是the time，根据定语从句we spend中缺少宾语，此处省略了关系代词that，that作spend的宾语，因此代词it多余。故将it去掉。
7.考查介词。句意：有时候别人会看不起我，但没关系。固定短语lk dwn n/upn“看不起”，是固定搭配。故将t改为n/upn。
8.考查代词。句意：这只会让我继续前进。根据上文Smetimes peple will lk dwn n me, but it desn’t matter. 可知，此处要用宾格me，指“我”。故将them改为me。
9.考查情态动词。句意：我相信只有通过反复练习，总有一天我能赶上其他出色的球员。根据nly by practicing ver and ver again可知，此处要用部分倒装，表示“能够/将会”之意，因此要用情态动词。故在again后加can/will/shall。
10.考查主谓一致。句意：挑战激励我更努力地练习。此处描述现在的事实，因此时态是一般现在时，根据主语The challenge可知，此处要用动词的第三人称单数形式。故将mtivate改为 mtivates。
B组
语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
神舟十三号航天员出舱活动圆满成功
By 1:16 a.m. Mnday, Beijing time, spacewalking Shenzhu-13 members taiknauts Zhai Zhigang and Wang Yaping ____1____(cmplete) their extravehicular activities (EVAs) and returned t the space statin cre mdule Tianhe, the China Manned Space Engineering Office said n Mnday. Their successful spacewalk lasted abut 6.5 hurs.
Wang Yaping, 41, became China's first female spacewalker ___2___ Sunday evening when she tk part __3___ the Shenzhu XIII missin's first extravehicular activity with Zhai Zhigang.
Zhai, 55, was the first Chinese astrnaut ____4____(cnduct) a spacewalk-he ___5____(flat) ut f the Shenzhu VII spacecraft fr abut 15 minutes during its three-day missin in September 2008.
This spacewalk is the first f the Shenzhu-13 missin and the third f its kind during the cuntry’s space statin building perid. Accrding t the China Manned Space Administratin (CMSA), the Shenzhu-13 crew will carry ut ____6____ ne r tw spacewalks.
The astrnauts first installed ft stppers and __7___wrking platfrm t the rbtic arm, befre they wrked tgether t install a suspensin device and transfer cnnectrs t the rbtic arm. The CMSA said that their spacewalk ____8_____(expect) t further verify(验证) the ____9____(perfrm) f China’s hme-develped spacesuit, the ability f the astrnauts t wrk with the rbtic arm and the __10____(rely) and safety f the supprting equipment.
答案解析：
1. had cmpleted
考查动词时态。由时间状语by 1:16 a.m. Mnday可知用过去完成时。
2. n
考查介词。具体到某一天的上午/下午/晚上用n.
3. in
考查固定短语。take part in 参加。
4. t cnduct
考查非谓语。不定式作后置定语修饰astrnaut.
5. flated
考查动词时态。根据时间状语in September 2008可知发生在过去用一般过去时。
6. anther
考查代词。anther表示另、再。
7. a
考查冠词。wrking platfrm为单数名词，此处是泛指用不定冠词a.
8. was expected
考查动词时态和语态。spacewalk和expect 之间为被动关系，用被动语态，根据上下文可知此处是过去时。be expected t d..被期待做某事
9. perfrmance
考查词性转换。此处作宾语应用名词。perfrmance表现。
10.reliability
考查词性转换。此处作宾语应用名词。reliability可靠性
全文翻译：
北京时间11月8日1时16分，经过约6.5小时的出舱活动，神舟十三号航天员乘组密切协同，圆满完成出舱活动全部既定任务，航天员翟志刚、王亚平安全返回天和核心舱，出舱活动取得圆满成功。
这是中国首位出舱航天员翟志刚（55岁）时隔13年后，再次进行太空出舱活动任务，他在2008年九月神舟七号任务中出舱15分钟；王亚平（41岁）也由此成为中国首位进行出舱任务的女航天员，迈出了中国女性舱外太空行走第一步。
此次是空间站阶段第三次航天员出舱活动，是神舟十三号航天员乘组首次出舱活动，也是中国航天史上首次有女航天员参加的出舱活动。航天员出舱活动期间，天地间大力协同、舱内外密切配合，先后完成了机械臂悬挂装置与转接件安装、舱外典型动作测试等任务，全过程顺利圆满，进一步检验了我国新一代舱外航天服的功能性能，检验了航天员与机械臂协同工作的能力及出舱活动相关支持设备的可靠性与安全性。
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last week ur teacher asked us t fill in a questinnaire. One f the questins are：Wh will yu g in times f truble? Here are the results. Many students say they will talk t their friend r classmates because they're f the same age and can understand each ther. Sme will turn ut t their parents r teachers fr help. Only a little chse t deal with the prblems n ur wn. Their answers als shw that they dislike talk t thers. They kept very much t themselves. In my pinin, where in truble, we shuld seek help frm thse we trust mstly.
【答案】
1.are→is
2.g后加t
3.friend→friends
4.删除turn后的ut
5.little→few
6.ur→their
7.talk→talking
8.kept→keep
9.where→when/whenever
10.mstly→mst
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于学生在碰到问题后的解决方式的问卷调查结果。
1.考查主谓一致。句意：其中的一个问题是：你遇到麻烦时会去找谁？ne f the +名词复数，意为“……之一”，为单数含义，所以其后的系动词应用单数。结合句意，此处指问卷调查中的一个问题，所以为客观事实，时态用一般现在时。故are改为is。
2.考查介词。句意同上。短语g t sb.“求助于某人”相当于短语turn t sb. fr help。故g后加t。
3.考查名词复数。句意：许多同学说他们会和他们的朋友说或同学讲，因为他们是同龄人，能彼此理解。friend“朋友”为可数名词，结合句中their，所以此处要用复数。故friend改为friends。
4.考查介词。句意：一些说他们会向他们的父母或老师求助。固定短语turn t sb. fr help，意为“向某人求助”，所以此处删除介词ut。故删除turn后的ut。
5.考查代词。句意：只有一些人选择自己解决问题。结合上文“Many students say...”及“Sme will turn...”可知，此处指一些学生。student为可数名词，应用a few代指。a little通常代指不可数名词。故little改为few。
6.考查代词。句意同上。短语n ne’s wn，意为“独自”，结合句意可知，此处指学生们独自完成，所以要用代词their。故ur改为their。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的答案也表明他们不喜欢和其他人说。固定短语dislike ding sth.，意为“不喜欢做某事”，ding为动名词作宾语。故talk改为talking。
8.考查时态。句意：他们很自闭。结合前文可知，文章的时态用一般现在时。所以此处的kept改为keep。故kept改为keep。
9.考查连词。句意：在我看来，当我们有麻烦时（无论什么时候我们有麻烦时），我们应该从我们最相信的人们那里寻求帮助。分析可知，本句为含有状语从句的复合句。主句为we shuld seek help...，从句表示的含义为无论什么时候我们有麻烦或者当我们有麻烦时，所以应用when/whenever引导。故where改为when/whenever。
10.考查副词。句意同上。副词mstly，意为“大多数”；mst意为“最”，此处指最相信的人，指程度。故mstly改为mst。