第03讲-完形填空之利用首句-2022年高考英语二轮复习大提升增分策略(全国通用)

这是一份第03讲-完形填空之利用首句-2022年高考英语二轮复习大提升增分策略(全国通用)，共11页。
第03讲 完型填空之利用首句-2022年高考英语二轮复习大提升增分策略(全国通用)【题型概述】完形填空的首句往往起着引领作用,可以概括语篇的中心和作者的写作意图。考生可以通过首句判断语篇的体裁,预测语篇的主题和大意,挖掘作者的写作意图,寻找语篇发展的脉络和主线。明确写作顺序有助于考生了解事情发生的来龙去脉,从而更迅速、准确地把握主题,理解语篇。【增分策略】一 利用首句明大意【例】(2021·全国甲卷)It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.根据首句可获取以下信息:Who: the seaside birds,Nick BurchillWhere:  at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, CanadaWhat: Nick Burchill got blacklisted二 利用主题段、主题句明大意 【例】(2020·全国卷Ⅲ) As a businesswoman,I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, 41 can also drive you mad.41.A.shopkeepers B.customers C.salespersons D.receptionists 答案 B解析 文章的首句是“Asabusinesswoman,I care deeply about my customers."由这一句我们可以推断:本文应该是写我如何善待顾客的。41空前后的内容告知我们:可是就像你喜欢的任何人一样,顾客也会让你受不了。选B。三 依托语境，前后联系【例】(2021·新高考全国卷I) Dad53.smiled.The son of a grocer,he'd spent the summers ol his c lood in Benardsville,New Jersey.54. A. tasting  B. finding C. sharing  D. delivering答案 D解析 tasting品尝;finding找到;sharing分享;delivering 送货。根据“The son ofagrocer”可知作为一个杂货商的儿子,父亲童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。故选D项。四 转承启合，摸准脉络【例】(2021·全国卷甲) Hisletter40.Banned from the hotel since 2001. Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.40.A.arrived B. worked C.ended D.disappeared 答案 B解析根据“Banned from the hotel since 2001.Burchill is now welcome to come back,the Fairmont said."可知，他的信起作用了。故选B。五 前挂后连，立足整篇【例】(2021·新高考全国卷I)Id45minimum wage... This was the sort of work that made you55. appreciate the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.offer B. earnC. set   D.suggest 答案 C解析 根据下文第55题后面的“the dollars you earned”可知,当时的作者挣最低的工资。故选C项。【刷名校真题】语法填空练习学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、完形填空I was with my mom one day as we took a walk while window shopping. We both knew we wouldn't ____1____ much.I remember I was looking up at the ____2____ we passed as we walked. Ladies wore five-inch heels and bright ____3____. An uneasy feeling started to settle in my chest. I could ____4____ it no longer; I was ____5____ my mother.We were in a high-class ____6____ — I knew that. We lived in a small, overpriced apartment building at the edge of our county. Mom chose to move there because she knew the schools were ____7____ . I realized for the first time that we didn't ____8____ there. I could see the ____9____ lines around mom's eyes and mouth. She wore cheap clothes and ____10____ shoes. My mom is nothing extraordinary, yet at that moment, she ____11____   because she was just so plain. I felt ____12____ about being at her side.We were standing in the middle of a high-end store, and mom was ____13____ a sweater.She said, “ This will look good on you. Do you want it?”It was much expensive, but I almost ____14____ answered “ yes”.Then I took a closer look at the small tired woman with a big smile and a ____15____ in her hands, happy to be giving me something so nice. My words ____16____ in my throat.She looked so tired because she was busy working to ____17____ me. She didn’t wear jewelry or perfumes because she was content with ____18____ what little money she had on me.Suddenly, mother was ____19____ and extraordinary wonderful in my eyes.I was no longer ashamed of her, but of myself.“ Do you want it?” my mom ____20____ .“ No, thanks.”1．A．know B．buy C．realize D．walk2．A．buildings B．windows C．people D．stores3．A．clothing B．glasses C．hats D．watches4．A．trust B．agree C．admit D．deny5．A．pleased with B．ashamed of C．proud of D．curious about6．A．hall B．restaurant C．neighborhood D．hotel7．A．good B．concrete C．useful D．remote8．A．deserve B．belong C．enjoy D．live9．A．lost B．common C．wide D．heavy10．A．worn-out B．awkward C．tough D．expensive11．A．won out B．come out C．set out D．stood out12．A．excited B．anxious C．embarrassed D．shocked13．A．approving B．preparing C．attempting D．holding14．A．confidently B．thoughtlessly C．apparently D．selflessly15．A．sweater B．phone C．dream D．tool16．A．occurred B．called C．expected D．died17．A．rely on B．provide for C．care for D．hear from18．A．giving B．requesting C．spending D．earning19．A．beautiful B．wise C．strange D．kind20．A．shouted B．signed C．repeated D．whispered【来源】江西省顶级名校2021届高三下学期第三次模拟考试英语试题【答案】1．B2．C3．A4．D5．B6．C7．A8．B9．D10．A11．D12．C13．D14．B15．A16．D17．B18．C19．A20．C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者的妈妈为了让作者上好的学校而搬到一个上流社区，但是作者的妈妈却打扮得很寒酸，在光鲜亮丽的人群中，作者为妈妈感到羞愧。但是在妈妈想要给作者买一件很贵的毛衣时，作者突然意识到妈妈辛苦地工作来养活作者，满足于把仅有的钱花在作者身上，她是如此的美丽。作者为自己先前的想法感到羞愧，并拒绝了这件毛衣。1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都知道我们买不了多少。A.know知道；B.buy购买；C.realize意识到；D.walk行走。根据“This will look good on you. Do you want it?”(你穿这个会很好看。你想要吗？)可知，“我”们在购物，所以此处是指“我”们都知道“我”们买不了多少。故选B。2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得当我们走过的时候，我抬头看着我们经过的人。A.buildings建筑；B.windows窗户；C.people人；D.stores商店。根据“Ladies wore five-inch heels”(女士们都穿五英寸的高跟鞋)可知，此处是指“我”抬头看着“我”们经过的人。故选C。3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：女士们穿着5英寸高的高跟鞋和鲜艳的衣服。A.clothing衣服；B.glasses眼镜；C.hats帽子；D.watches手表。根据“five-inch heels”可知，此处是指鲜艳的衣服。故选A。4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能再否认了；我为我的母亲感到羞耻。A.trust信任；B.agree同意；C.admit承认；D.deny否认。根据“An uneasy feeling started to settle in my chest.”(一种不舒服的感觉开始在我的胸膛里。)和“I was ashamed of my mother”(我为我的母亲感到羞耻)可知，此处是指看着别的女人光鲜亮丽，“我”觉得很不舒服，无法否认自己为母亲感到羞耻。故选D。5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不能再否认了；我为我的母亲感到羞耻。A.be pleased with对…感到高兴；B.be ashamed of对…感到羞耻；C.be proud of为……而感到骄傲；D.be curious about对……好奇。根据后文“I was no longer ashamed of her, but of myself.”(我不再为她感到羞耻，而是为我自己感到羞耻。)可知，此处是指“我”为母亲感到羞耻。故选B。6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们住在一个上流社区，我知道。A.hall大厅；B.restaurant饭店；C.neighborhood社区；D.hotel宾馆。根据“We lived in a small, overpriced apartment building at the edge of our county. ”(我们住在县城边上一栋价格昂贵的小公寓里。)可知，此处是指“我”们住在一个上流社区。故选C。7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：妈妈选择搬到那里是因为她知道那里的学校很好。A.good好的；B.concrete具体的；C.useful有用的；D.remote遥远的。根据“We lived in a small, overpriced apartment building at the edge of our county. ”可知，妈妈选择搬到那个高级社区里是因为她知道那里的学校很好。故选A。8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我第一次意识到我们不属于那里。A.deserve值得；B.belong属于；C.enjoy享受；D.live生活。根据“She wore cheap clothes”(她穿着廉价的衣服)可知，作者家里并不富裕，所以不属于这个上流社区。故选B。9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我能看到妈妈眼睛和嘴巴周围的沉重的皱纹。A.lost迷失的；B.common普遍的；C.wide宽的；D.heavy沉重的。根据“She looked so tired”(她看起来如此累)可知，妈妈眼睛和嘴巴周围有沉重的皱纹。故选D。10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她穿着廉价的衣服和破旧的鞋子。A.worn-out破旧的；B.awkward笨拙的；C.tough艰难的；D.expensive昂贵的。根据“cheap clothes”可知，此处是指破旧的鞋子。故选A。11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的妈妈是一个平凡的人，但在那一刻，她脱颖而出，因为她是如此平凡。A.won out最终获胜；B.come out出版；C.set out出发；D.stood out脱颖而出。根据“because she was just so plain”和“I realized for the first time that we didn't belong there.”可知，此处是指在光鲜亮丽的上流人群中，平凡的妈妈非常显眼。故选D。12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她身边，我感到很尴尬。A.excited兴奋的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.shocked震惊的。根据“she stood out because she was just so plain”可知，站在母亲身边“我”很尴尬。故选C。13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们站在一家高档商店的中央，妈妈拿着一件毛衣。A.approving同意；B.preparing准备；C.attempting尝试；D.holding拿着。根据“This will look good on you.”可知，此处是指妈妈拿着一件毛衣。故选D。14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然很贵，但我差一点不假思索地回答“是的”。A.confidently自信地；B.thoughtlessly欠考虑地；C.apparently明显地；D.selflessly无私地。根据转折词but可知，此处是指虽然很贵，但是“我”还是想要，根据后文“She looked so tired because she was busy working to provide for me.”(她看起来很累，因为她忙着工作来养活我。)可知，“我”在近距离看妈妈后又经历了一番思索，所以此处是指“我”差一点不假思索地回答“是的”。故选B。15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我仔细看了看这个身材矮小、疲惫的女人，她面带微笑，手里拿着一件毛衣，很高兴能给我这么好的东西。A.sweater毛衣；B.phone电话；C.dream梦想；D.tool工具。根据“mom was holding a sweater”可知，此处是指她面带微笑，手里拿着一件毛衣。故选A。16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说不出话来。A.occurred发生；B.called呼叫；C.expected期待；D.died死亡。根据“ No, thanks.”(不，谢谢)可知，“我”最终没有说出想要。所以是“我”的话死在了喉咙里。故选D。17．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她看起来很累，因为她忙着工作来养活我。A.rely on依靠；B.provide for供养，供给；C.care for关心，照顾；D.hear from收到……的信。根据“she was busy working”可知，此处是指她忙着工作来养活“我”。故选B。18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不戴首饰，也不抹香水，因为她满足于把自己仅有的一点钱花在我身上。A.giving给；B.requesting要求；C.spending花费；D.earning赚，赚得。根据“on me”和“happy to be giving me something so nice”可知，此处是指她满足于把自己仅有的一点钱花在“我”身上。故选C。19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，妈妈在我眼中非常美丽又美妙非凡。A.beautiful美丽的；B.wise有智慧的；C.strange陌生的；D.kind善良的。根据“extraordinary wonderful”和前文“she was just so plain”可知，此处是指此刻妈妈在“我”眼中非常美丽又美妙非凡。故选A。20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈重复道。A.shouted大喊；B.signed签署；C.repeated重复；D.whispered低语。根据“Do you want it?”(你想要吗？)可知，此处是指妈妈又重复问了一次。故选C。语法填空练习学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、完形填空For most people, a family member would be their inspiration. As for me, __1__ my mother and father were both great influences, my greatest influence came from a television program Gilmore Girls. Nearly every day after school, I would come home, __2__ on the couch, and turn on the television.Upon hearing the theme song and seeing the __3__ faces, I was overcome by a sense of __4__ and total peace. All the day’s hardships would __5__. I would forget about any __6__ stress. When it was about five o’clock, I would sit in front of the TV to watch another episode of Gilmore Girls. It was what I had to __7__ in my day, because I was having a tough day and I simply loved to laugh at their humorous dialogues. Each of the characters had a __8__ personality, unlike anyone I had ever known. The more I watched Gilmore Girls, the more I found myself wanting to be a “Rory Gilmore”. Much of Rory’s success came from her mother. In the process of __9__ Harvard or any college, I have recently discovered it is a long process. My mother has also encouraged me to follow my dreams and to make my own ___10___. I am a particularly hesitant person, so ___11___ this task is not easy for me. In ___12___ and developing into her own person, Rory Gilmore discovered her dreams and how to achieve them; that was how she ___13___ me.Although I am a girl who is still trying to find my true self, Rory made me feel as if I could ___14___ everything. No matter which college I may ___15___, I’ll always know that the road, which I travel to get there, is a road well worth traveling.1．A．unless B．because C．now that D．even though2．A．pick up B．lie down C．lay down D．show up3．A．common B．unusual C．familiar D．strange4．A．relief B．care C．honor D．surprise5．A．pause B．disappear C．decrease D．stop6．A．casual B．formal C．certain D．previous7．A．look forward to B．make up for C．pay attention to D．take charge of8．A．unique B．good C．strange D．ambiguous9．A．passing by B．thinking of C．searching for D．getting into10．A．efforts B．experiments C．decisions D．trips11．A．proposing B．quitting C．confronting D．undertaking12．A．speeding up B．growing up C．hanging out D．holding on13．A．inspired B．envied C．admired D．calmed14．A．conquer B．find C．analyze D．afford15．A．know B．conduct C．admit D．choose【来源】广东省深圳市高级中学2021届高三第三次阶段性测试（10月）英语试题【答案】1．D2．B3．C4．A5．B6．D7．A8．A9．D10．C11．D12．B13．A14．A15．D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一档名为“Gilmore Girls”的电视节目如何激励自己的故事。几乎每天放学后，我都会回家看这个电视节目，它让我感到放松和愉悦，并且其中的人物也激励着我追求自己的梦想。1．考查连词辨析。句意：对我来说，虽然我的父母都有很大的影响，但我最大的影响来自于一档名为“Gilmore Girls”的电视节目。A. unless除非；B. because因为；C. now that既然；D. even though虽然。空格处引导的从句意为：我的父母对我都有很大的影响。而逗号后的主句意为：我最大的影响来自于一档名为“Gilmore Girls”的电视节目。由此可判断出前后为转折关系，因此应用even though来引导让步状语从句，故选D项。2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：几乎每天放学后，我都会回家，躺在沙发上，打开电视。A. pick up捡起；B. lie down躺下；C. lay down放下；D. show up出现。根据下文on the couch可知是躺在沙发上。lie down意为“躺下”，符合语境，故选B项。3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一听到主题曲，看到熟悉的面孔，我就被一种如释重负、彻底平静的感觉所征服。A. common普通的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文中的Nearly every day after school(几乎每天放学后)可知，Gilmore Girls是一部作者常看的电视节目，由此可知作者对节目中的角色是熟悉的。故选C项。4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一听到主题曲，看到熟悉的面孔，我就被一种如释重负、彻底平静的感觉所征服。A. relief如释重负；B. care关心；C. honor荣誉；D. surprise惊讶。根据下文and total peace可知Gilmore Girls让作者感到如释重负和平静。a sense of relief意为“如释重负的感觉”，是固定短语。故选A项。5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天的艰辛都会消失。A. pause暂停；B. disappear消失；C. decrease减少；D. stop停止。根据上文and total peace可知作者看电视剧的时候感到如释重负和平静，由此可推断出这让作者一天中的艰难都消失了。 disappear意为“消失”，符合语境，故选B项。6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我会忘记之前的压力。A. casual随便的；B. formal正式的；C. certain必然的；D. previous以前的。根据上文Nearly every day after school知作者是放学回家后开始看电视的，故此处指的是看电视之前的压力。故选D项。7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：《Gilmore Girls》是我一天中所期待的东西，因为我度过槽糕的一天，我就是喜欢他们那些幽默的对话并因此大笑。A. look forward to期待；B. make up for补偿；C. pay attention to注意；D. take charge of负责。根据下文because I was having a tough day and I simply loved to laugh at their humorous dialogues，可知作者喜欢看这个电视节目那些幽默的对话并因此大笑，以及联系上下文感情色彩可推测知《Gilmore Girls》是作者一天中期待去做的事情。故选A项。8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个角色都有独特的个性，不像我所认识的任何人。A. unique独特的；B. good好的；C. strange奇怪的；D. ambiguous模糊不清的。根据下文unlike anyone I had ever known(不像我所认识的任何人)可知这些角色的个性都很独特。故选A项。9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在进入哈佛或其他大学的过程中，我最近发现这是一个漫长的过程。A. passing by路过；B. thinking of想起；C. searching for搜索；D. getting into进入。根据下文Harvard or any college可知是进入这些大学，get into进入……（学校），符合语境，故选D项。10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲也鼓励我追随自己的梦想，让我自己做决定。A. efforts努力；B. experiments实验；C. decisions决定；D. trips旅行。结合上文的follow my dreams(追随自己的梦想)及空前的make my own可知是自己做决定，make decisions意为“做决定”，符合语境。故选C项。11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是一个特别优柔寡断的人，所以承担这个任务对我来说并不容易。A. proposing提议；B. quitting 放弃；C. confronting对抗；D. undertaking承担。根据上文I am a particularly hesitant person知作者是一个非常优柔寡断的人，因此可按逻辑推理知此处指的是“承担”这一任务（即做出自己的决定）对作者而言并不容易。undertake意为“承担”，符合语境，故选D项。12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在成长和形成自己的人格的过程中，Rory Gilmore发现了她想要做的事情，以及找到了实现自己梦想的方式；这就是Rory Gilmore激励我的方式。A. speeding up加速；B. growing up长大；C. hanging out闲逛；D. holding on坚持。根据下文and developing into her own person(形成自己的人格)可知是在成长和形成自己的人格的过程中。故选B项。13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在成长和形成自己的人格的过程中，Rory Gilmore发现了她想要做的事情，以及找到了实现自己梦想的方式；这就是Rory Gilmore激励我的方式。A. inspired激发；B. envied羡慕；C. admired钦佩；D. calmed使平静。根据上文Rory Gilmore发现了她想要做的事情，以及找到了实现自己梦想的方式，可知这就是Rory Gilmore激励作者的方式。故选A项。14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我是一个仍在寻找自我的女孩，但Rory让我觉得我似乎可以征服一切。A. conquer征服；B. find找到；C. analyze分析；D. afford买得起。根据上文Rory Gilmore discovered her dreams and how to achieve them(Rory Gilmore发现了她想要做的事情，以及找到了实现自己梦想的方式)及下文everything可知通过Rory的故事，作者觉得自己似乎可以征服一切。故选A项。15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论我选择哪所大学，我始终知道我要达到那里所经过的那条路，是一条值得去走的路。A. know知道；B. conduct实施；C. admit承认；D. choose选择。根据上文No matter which college I may可知是指不管作者选择哪一所大学。故选D项。