2022广东省高三下学期普通高等学校模拟押题卷（二）英语试卷含答案解析

绝密★启用前

2022届广东省普通高等学校模拟押题卷

英语（二）

注意事项：

1．本试卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟。

2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

4．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

4 Highly Outstanding Awards in Architecture

Pritzker Architecture Prize

Founded in 1979 by the Pritzker family, and funded by their Hyatt Foundation, the Pritzker Architecture Prize aims to honor a living architect or architects whose built work demonstrates a combination of those qualities of talent, vision and commitment, which has produced consistent and significant contributions to humanity and the built environment through the art of architecture. The annual award includes a grant of US$ 100,000.

Architecture MasterPrize

Established in 2016, the Architecture MasterPrize(AMP) was created to honor, celebrate and share the very best projects in the fields of architectural design, interior design, and landscape architecture. Unlike other awards, the AMP is open to submissions from all architects, across the world, whether students just beginning their journey into the discipline or those who have established experts in their field. Split into two categories-professional and student winners-the AMP has very quickly established itself as the home for innovative thinking, promoting new ideas.

RIBA Awards

Founded in 1834, the Royal Institute of British Architects(RIBA) organizes a number of awards as a part of their program. The latest winner of the RIBA International Prize, Children Village, by Aleph Zero and Rosenbaum of Brazil, demonstrates exactly what the RIBA jury is looking for-a project which fits its environment perfectly, achieving precisely what was needed in the brief but going beyond this, into those rare levels of perfection.

AIA Gold Medal

The American Institute of Architects(AIA), founded in 1857, runs more than thirty award programs, with the Gold Medal being the most famous and prestigious. This is awarded annually to an individual, or a pair, whose work has created an influential legacy, both practically, and also through architectural theory.

1.What is special about the AMP?

A. It has only two awards.

B. The amount of the prize is the largest.

C. It's only awarded to talents in their field.

D. It's open to all architects all over the world.

2.What do we know about the RIBA?

A. Its base is in Brazil.

B. It has the longest history.

C. It produces the most awards.

D.Its design ideas are the most advanced.

3.What do Pritzker Architecture Prize and AIA Gold Medal have in common?

A.They both take place every two years.

B. They both can be awarded to two persons.

C.They both focus on protecting environment.

D. They both were founded in the 19th century.

B

Teen freestyle skiing sensation Eileen Gu won her first gold medal at the Beijing Olympics on Tuesday in the women's big air competition, sparking extremely happy celebration in the stands and on Chinese media.

Gu jumped into the top position with her third run, scoring 94. 5 with a 1620 and a perfect landing-making her total score 188． 25 in the event＇s debut（首秀） at the Winter Olympics. France's Tess Ledeux took silver with a score of 187.50. Switzerland's Mathilde Gremaud won the bronze.

Ledeux, who had been leading the competition until the last run when she overbalanced on the landing, sank to the ground in tears after the final result. Gu and Gremaud both knelt on the snowy floor to console her, pulling Ledeux into a hug and rubbing her back.

“That was the best moment of my life. The happiest moment, day, whatever-of my life. I just cannot believe what just happened,” said Gu after her win, according to the Olympic site. “That was a trick I had never done before, had never attempted before.”

On Tuesday, supporters waved Chinese flags and blue Beijing 2022 flags, and erupted into cheers when her score was announced.

Fans filled the stands to cheer for Gu, who was born in the United States but decided in 2019 to compete for China. Known as the “snow princess” in China,  Gu-already a superb world champion-has become the unofficial face of China's Olympic ambitions.

The Chinese internet exploded in joy after Gu's victory. The topic dominated searches on China's Twitter-like platform Weibo, where seven of the 10 top trending topics were all about Gu's win. Fans on her Weibo, where she has 2.6 million followers, left more than 90,000 comments in just half an hour after her win. Related hashtags（话题标签），such as  “Gu Ailing won the gold medal”, received more than 300 million views within an hour-eventually crashing the entire Weibo site due to the massive number of users.

4.What can we infer about Gu's first gold medal?

A.She narrowly beat out her competitor.

B.She has finished the trick many times.

C.She won with the help from Tess Ledeux.

D.She won the medal with much confidence.

5.What does the underlined word “console” in paragraph 3 probably mean?

A.Vote.     B.Ensure.    C.Strike.   D.Comfort.

6.What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A.Gu's fans.

B.Trending topics.

C.Gu's popularity.

D.Worldwide views.

7.Which of the following words can best describe Gu?

A. Ambitious and cautious.

B.Cooperative and generous.

C.Enthusiastic and easy-going.

D.Courageous and professional.   

 C

It is a sight guaranteed to lift everyone's spirits-the great migration of southern right whale（南露脊鲸） calves and their “very protective” mothers.

People living on the eastern coast of Australia are used to seeing the annual migration of humpback whales（座头鲸），but these southern right whales have also been spotted over the past two months. Some have even cruised into beaches and bays, to the delight of lucky locals.

While Australia's southern right whale population is usually concentrated on the southern coastline of the Great Australian Bight, Western Australia, South Australia and Victoria, the beautiful creatures have taken risks swimming into New South Wales(NSW) this winter. They are on the endangered list, with about 270-275 around South Australia and Victoria.

Around July 18, a single mother and her calf were even spotted changing direction a little off course, heading into the Hawkesbury River near Sydney's Palm Beach. Based on the NSW south coast, Maree Jackson saw the whales in multiple places over a week in August. “They seem to like to bring their babies into shallow water and move towards rock formations,” Jackson said. “They keep their babies close to the shore line. I think it's protection rather than anything else. They are very different to the humpback whales. Humpbacks are further out to sea and allow their calves to be much more independent. Humpback mums will let their calves play around. They will also come up to beach.” Listed as endangered since 2000, southern right whales are distinguishable by their black colour.

Whales migrate annually for feeding and reproducing purposes. The federal Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment said that the exact timing of the migration period varies from year to year “depending on water temperature, sea ice, predation risk, food abundance and the location of their feeding ground.” The majority migrate from June to August before heading back towards the Southern Ocean and Antarctica from September to November.

8. How did the locals feel when they saw southern right whales?   

A.Pleased.    B.Upset.    C.Confused.     D.Confident.

9. Where can Australia's southern right whales be usually spotted?

A.In Victoria.         B.In NSW.

C.In Northern Australia.       D.In Eastern Australia.

10. Why do southern right whale mothers bring their babies into shallow water?

A. To ask for help.

B. To enjoy a different life.

C.To protect the baby whales.

D. To search for rock formations.

11. What is the essential goal of whales' migration?

A. They want to travel along the coastline.

B. They want to please the local people.

C.They want to escape being hunted.

D.They want to give birth to babies.  D

The COVID crisis has led many scientists to take up arms (or at least keyboards) to defend their companies and to be sure, science needs defenders these days. But in their passion to fight back against vaccine（疫苗） rejection and other forms of science denial（否定），some scientists say things that just aren't true.

One popular move is to insist that science is right-full stop-and that once we discover the truth about the world, we are done. Anyone who denies such truths (they suggest) is stupid or ignorant. Even a modest familiarity with the history of science offers many examples of matters that scientists thought they had decided, only to discover that they needed to be reconsidered. Some familiar examples are Earth as the center of the universe, the absolute nature of time and space, the stability of continents, and the cause of infectious disease.

Science is a process of learning and discovery, and sometimes we learn that what we thought was right is actually wrong. Science can also be understood as an institution (or better, a set of institutions) that promotes this work. To say that science is “true” or “permanent” is like saying that “marriage is permanent”. At best, it's a bit off-key. Marriage today is adapted to a world that is very different from what it was in the 16th or 18th century, so are most of our “laws" of nature. They are at best, true for now or true until proven otherwise.

In my view, the biggest mistake scientists make is to claim that this is all somehow simple and therefore to imply that anyone who doesn't get it is dumb. Yet science is not simple, and neither is the natural world where the greatest challenge of science communication lies.

Scientific theories are not perfect copies of reality, but we have good reason to believe that they capture（捕获） significant elements of it. And experience reminds us that when we ignore reality, it sooner or later comes back to bite us.

12.What can we learn from paragraphs 1 and 2?

A.What scientists said is absolutely trustworthy.

B. Scientific findings call for further consideration.

C.It s unwise to deny some truths scientists have found.

D. Social common sense contributes to discovering a scientific theory.

13. Why does the author compare science to marriage?

A.Neither science nor marriage is reliable.

B.Both science and marriage are true and permanent.

C.Neither science nor marriage remains the same all the time.

D.Both science and marriage can help us tell right from wrong.

14. What can we know about scientific findings?

A.They are always permanent.

B. They can be proven by experiments.

C. We should be ready for their changes.

D.  Different scientific methods reach more scientific findings.

15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A.Are Scientists Dependable?

B. Is Science Actually  “Right”?

C.Does Truth Really Function?

D.What's the Scientific Method?

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Why should we explore space? Perhaps the best answer lies in our history. What made our ancestors move from the trees onto the plains?              16                            In exploring, the dangers of surrounding areas may be identified and prepared for.  Without knowledge, these dangers have the ability to harm us.

While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows new resources to be created.17              Knowledge or techniques acquired in exploring or preparing to explore always filter（慢慢传开） from the developers to the general population. Techniques may be medical applications, such as new drugs or ways of living to increase the quantity or the quality of time lived.

By studying alien worlds, we can place our own world in context. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers． The chance of a large asteroid（小行星） hitting the Earth is small． 18             

Some explanations for extinctions and 'evolution include strikes by asteroids. Our technology is reaching the point where we can detect such a threat and might be able to do something about it.

 19 Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist. Earth is the only planet known to maintain life, but our ability to adapt could eventually allow us to inhabit other planets and moons.

Our lifestyles would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.              20             

A.But given time, it will happen.

B. Space allows us to expand and succeed.

C.Resources translate into success at survival.

D.With knowledge, their consequences may be reduced.

E. Nearly all successful civilisations have been willing to explore.

F.  Scientists can function at world-class level in their specialist fields.

G. The dangers exist and knowledge can allow us as a species to survive.

第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

When I was three, my mom decided it was time for me to start swimming.  With eagerness, I walked to the pool's edge and, while my mom turned, I jumped right in. Not 21 , I sank like a rock. I still remember how I 22 trying to get back to the surface. Luckily, the lifeguard was able to              23              me. For a long time, that 24              scared me.  But after practicing hard, and often, I eventually became a decent swimmer. But that wouldn't be the last time my fear of drowning 25              me.

When I arrived at Penn State as a cocky（自以为是的） college freshman，those fears came bubbling to the surface. In high school, I was a big fish in a              26              pond. At Penn State, I               27              I was a tiny fish in a very large pool. I became unconfident. Almost immediately, I started to “drown” and that old fear was staring me in the face. Between a              28              course load, extracurricular activities, making new friends, and an attack of home sickness, things did not go well. I needed a change. I joined Student Red Cross Club, which helped me make friends that shared              29              values with me. That semester reminded me of the experience when I was three. But this time there didn't seem to be a              30              around. So I began to understand how to excel in college. It wasn't easy, but I made a strict system for myself, like review sessions, study groups and repetitive individual practice. It              31 . I also continued to be 32 in Student Red Cross Club, which continued to 33              as both an extracurricular activity and source of friends.

With each new course, I will become a stronger swimmer. My mom is right; swimming is a 34 everyone should learn. It is swimming that teaches me working hard _35              success.

21.A.surprisingly   B.disappointedly   C.luckily     D.specially

22.A.struggled   B.imagined    C.moved     D.left

23.A.believe    B.grab     C.comfort    D.understand

24.A.description   B.experiment    C.expression    D.experience

25.A.harmed    B.destroyed    C.affected    D.saved

26.A.deep    B.wide     C.shallow    D.small

27.A.required    B.realized    C.suspected    D.evaluated

28.A.light    B.normal     C.formal     D.heavy

29.A.familiar    B.similar     C.important    D.impossible

30.A.doctor    B.parent     C.lifeguard    D.teacher

31.A.worked    B.turned     C.remained    D.existed

32.A.active    B.efficient    C.puzzled    D.concerned

33.A.regard    B.serve     C.accept     D.represent

34.A.gesture    B.symbol     C.skill     D.principle

35.A.stands for   B.depends on    C.leads to     D.comes across

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Modern society's continued dependence on fossil fuels is warming the world 36 a pace that is unprecedented（空前的）in the past 2,000 years-and 37 （it） effects are already obvious as record droughts, wildfires and floods destroy communities worldwide-according to a landmark report from the United Nations on the state of climate science. The               38(assess) says things are getting much              39              (bad) if greenhouse-gas emissions continue, and makes it clear  40  the future of the planet depends, in large part, on the choices that humanity makes today. The evidence is everywhere; if we don't act, the situation is going to get              41 (real) bad.

Written by more than 200 scientists over the course of several years and approved by 195 governments during 42              virtual meeting last week， the report is the first in a trio（三份） evaluating the state of climate change and efforts  43 (decrease) it and adapt to it. The document arrives less than three months before the next major global climate summit in Glasgow, UK. There, governments will have the opportunity to make promises to reverse（使反转）course and reduce their emissions.

If global emissions hit net zero by around 2050-a target that many countries 44 (commit) to over the past year-then the world can achieve the goal 45 (lay) out in the 2015 Paris agreement and limit global warming to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels over the course of the twenty-first century. The climate we experience in the future depends on our decisions now.

第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

假定你是某国际学校学生会主席李华，你校要为外教免费开设汉语课程。请你给来自新西兰的外教Alfred写封邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括：

1．介绍课程开设的目的、时间和地点；

2．描述课程内容（日常用语和中国文化）；

3．发出邀请。

注意：

1．词数80左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容进行续写，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I was a pediatric cardiac sonographer（儿科心脏超声医师）at Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital in Nashville, Tennessee. It was a stressful job, and humor was always appreciated.

For a while， I became interested in knitting（编织）. Since it was my first attempt at knitting, things didn't go as planned. I made a mistake somewhere along the way, and the hat I'd wanted to make for myself turned out too small to fit me or anyone else. It was no bigger than the palm of my hand! Looking just like the hat of a doll, it was very funny.

I wanted to show it to the team at work, so I sewed a small flower onto the side of the hat and brought it to work the next day. We team members all had a good laugh at my mini hat and got back to our work. I put the hat in a drawer and forgot about it.

A few days later， a four-year-old girl came in for an echocardiogram（心回波图）.She wore a knit cap to cover the hair loss from her cancer treatment and held a baby doll in her arms. She lay down quietly, but her look clearly showed that she was afraid of being touched by me. I had to work extra hard to gain her trust. First I offered her the sensor so she could take pictures of her doll's heart. Then I made animals with the ultrasound gel. Neither worked. “Does your doll have a name?” I asked. She threw her doll to the floor, and I saw my chance.

I picked up the doll and straightened her dress. “I know it's a little horrible to have this test,” I said to the doll, “but I promise it won't hurt. What? Your head is cold? You wish you had a hat?” I took the hat from my drawer and slipped it onto the doll's little bald head. It was a perfect fit.

注意：

1．续写词数应为150左右；

2．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。

Paragraph 1:

The girl sat up happily and wanted her doll back.                                              

Paragraph 2:

A few months later, I noticed a familiar little girl's face while walking on the street.