2021晋中平遥县二中校高一下学期周练（八）英语试题含答案

平遥二中高一年级周练英语试题（8）

                           班级_______   姓名_________

一 阅读理解（10 X 5）

(一)

Nine years ago, when the closest and largest full moon fell on March 19, 2011, many people used the term, “supermoon”， which we had never heard before. In 2012, we heard this term again to describe the year’s closest full moon on May 6, 2012. Supermoons also appeared in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017 and 2019.

What does “supermoon” mean exactly? And how special was the March 19, 2011 supermoon?

The word “supermoon” didn’t come from astronomy. Instead, it came from astrology (占星学). In 1979, astrologer Richard Nolle defined it as a new or full moon which occurs at or near its closest point to the earth in its orbit. In short, the earth, moon and sun are all in a line, with the moon at its nearest point to the earth.

And the full moon of March 19，2011 was the largest moon of that year. This “supermoon” was at perigee (近地点)—its closest point to the earth in its orbit. It was bigger and brighter than other full moons of 2011. Astronomers call this sort of close full moon a perigee full moon.

That doesn’t sound very special, does it? In fact, the March 2011 full moon lined up much more closely with perigee than Nolle’s original definition. But were you able to notice with your eyes alone that this full moon was bigger or brighter than usual? Astronomers_said_no. But it was fun to stand outside under this full moon and know that the moon was closer than ever.

In 2019, there were three supermoons. The first supermoon of 2019 was the Super Blood Wolf Moon on January 21, which occurred with a total lunar eclipse (月全食) at the same time, also known as a “blood moon”. The second supermoon of 2019 was on February 19, also called the Snow Moon, which was the closest full moon of the year. The third and final supermoon of 2019, known by Native Americans as the Worm Moon, occurred on March 21. It fell on the day of the vernal equinox (春分), which signals the end of winter and the beginning of spring.

1. What type of moon is a “supermoon”？

A. A full moon.      B. A new moon.

C. A full moon at perigee.    D. Any full moon in 2011.

2. What do we know about the supermoon of March 2011?

A. It was the first full moon in 2011.  

B. It was in the closest orbit to the sun.

C. It was brighter than any other full moon in 2011.

D. It was at its furthest point to the earth.

3. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph about a supermoon and an ordinary full moon?

A. They can appear in the sky at the same time.

B. Only astronomers can see them.

C. The supermoon is as large as an ordinary full moon.

D. People can’t tell the difference between them with the naked eye.

4. What happened to the third supermoon of 2019?

A. It was called the Super Blood Wolf Moon.

B. It was the closest full moon of the year.

C. It was found by Native Americans first.

D. It occurred on the day of the vernal equinox.

(二)

If plastic had been invented when the Pilgrims sailed from Plymouth, England, to North America—and their Mayflower had been stocked with bottled water and plastic－wrapped snacks, their plastic waste would likely still be around four centuries later. Atlantic waves and sunlight would have worn all that plastic into tiny bits. And those bits might still be floating around the world’s oceans today, waiting to be eaten by some fish or oysters, and finally perhaps by one of us.

Because plastic wasn’t invented until the late 19th century, and its production only really took off around 1950, we have a mere 9.2 billion tons of the stuff to deal with. Of that, more than 6.9 billion tons have become waste. And of that waste, a surprising 6.3 billion tons never made it to a recycling bin—the figure that shocked the scientists who published the numbers in 2017.

No one knows how much unrecycled plastic waste ends up in the ocean, the earth’s last sink. In 2015, Jenna Jambeck, a University of Georgia engineering professor, caught everyone’s attention with a rough estimate: between 5.3 million and 14 million tons of plastic waste each year just come from coastal regions.

Meanwhile, ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine animals every year. Nearly 700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. Some are harmed visibly, stuck by abandoned things made of plastic. Many more are probably harmed invisibly. Marine species of all sizes, from zooplankton (浮游动物) to whales, now eat microplastics (微塑料), the bits smaller than one－fifth of an inch across.

“This isn’t a problem where we don’t know what the solution is，” says Ted Siegler, a Vermont resource economist who has spent more than 25 years working with developing nations on garbage. “We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to deal with it. We know how to recycle.” “It’s a matter of building the necessary institutions and systems，” he says, “ideally before the ocean turns into a thin soup of plastic.”

5. Why does the author mention the Pilgrims in Paragraph 1?

A. To prove plastic was difficult to invent.

B. To introduce what marine animals like eating.

C. To tell the Pilgrims contributed a lot to the marine protection.

D. To show plastic waste has a lasting effect on the ocean.

6. What’s the main trouble marine animals face according to the text?

A. Lacking protection.    B. Being stuck by plastics.

C. Being caught by humans.   D. Treating plastics as food.

7. What does Ted Siegler want to tell us in the last paragraph?

A. Some people don’t know the solution of the plastic waste.

B. Plastics will turn the ocean into a soup of plastic.

C. It’s time to take measures to deal with plastic waste.

D. People should avoid using plastics to protect the ocean.

8. From which is the text probably taken?

A. A biology textbook.    B. A travel brochure.

C. An environmental report.   D. A lifestyle magazine.

（三）

What’s life like on a deserted island? Senator Jeff Flake of Arizona decided to find out.

The adventurous senator took a vacation from Capitol Hill and went on a four-day Robinson Crusoe style holiday with his two teenage sons to a remote, deserted island in the North Pacific Ocean.

The senator and his sons, 15-year-old Tanner and 13-year-old Dallin, traveled 5,200 miles from Phoenix, Arizona to the island of Biggarenn. They didn’t carry any food or water.

The island is part of the Marshall Islands. It offered no basic supplies, so the Flakes had to catch and cook their own food and purify their water. Their diet was made up of coconuts, crabs and fish. They caught the crab and fish themselves and cooked the food over an open fire started with a magnifying glass（放大镜）.

The Flakes brought along a lobster trap（龙虾夹） in the hope of having some delicious treats, but lost it within the first few hours after it was attacked by a shark. They also carried two pumps to remove salt from ocean water. It took them hours each night to pump for just a few gallons of fresh water.

One of the most memorable moments of the trip, the father said, was when he and his 15-year-old son were almost caught by sharks after spearing（叉起） a fish in the ocean.

Still, it was quite an enjoyable holiday for them. “For a dad it was a wonderful thing. No video games around, no television, no disturbance, no texting,” Flake recalled.

9. Why did the Flakes go to the island of Biggarenn?

A. To meet Robinson Crusoe.   B. To spear the shark for food.

C. To spend a special vacation.  D. To swim in the North Pacific Ocean.

10. What can we learn from the passage?

A. The Flakes could easily find a fire on the island.

B. The Flakes caught lobsters for food on the island.

C. The Flakes found basic things that they needed on the island.

D. The Flakes took much trouble to get drinkable water on the island.

11. According to the passage, the Flakes’ holiday is ________.

A. adventurous but interesting  B. exciting but painful

C. meaningless but enjoyable   D. boring but memorable

二 七选五（5 X 5）

Red Cross Apps Guide Survivalists through Natural Disasters

Red Cross has several apps that will help you in a natural disaster.   12 

·Emergency App

For an all-in-one reference for any catastrophe, the Emergency App is the answer.   13   Users can also customize their alerts according to their areas and locations of their loved ones so that they can monitor activity in multiple places.

·Earthquake App

  14   And the number of high magnitude earthquakes nearly doubled last year. With the Earthquake App, you’ll receive real­time alerts and notifications and learn how to respond in this natural disaster while keeping your family and home safe from any further threats.

·Hurricane App

This is a must-have for people in hurricane areas.   15   Much like the Earthquake App, it will supply you with details for staying safe in this circumstance.

·Shelter Finder App

In case your emergency shelter wasn't built to withstand whatever disaster came your way, the Shelter Finder App uses data from the National Shelter System and maps out the secured shelters across the country. Other than the address, the app also supplies you with details such as the agency running the shelter, capacity and current population of the shelter, among others.   16 

A. The global earthquake rate is rising.

B. Each app is available on iOS and Android devices.

C. It contains information on over 35 different types of emergency situations.

D. These details are updated within every thirty minutes, so you’ll always stay posted.

E. Track storms and the condition in your area so that you can take the proper precautions.

F. The modern survivalist knows your smart phone is the best tool to keep you on your feet.

G. For other apps specific to a natural disaster, the Red Cross also has apps for floods, tornadoes, and wildfires.

三 语法填空（10 X2.5）

In 1866, a terrible sea creature  17  (see) by several ships. Biologist Professor and his servant began to follow and tried to kill it, __18__ at last it was found __19__ submarine and they __20__ (capture) and taken inside it, __21__ they found adventures in the new underwater world, but Ned Land tried to escape. The part was  22  (adapt) from a chapter of the book; Aronnax described the experience of  23  (walk) on the sea bed.

They saw many things outside the submarine   24  (be) beautiful, so words were not enough to relate such wonders! The surface of the ocean  25  (astonish) him. The solar rays were pretty. Surrounded by the sea, he felt it was another air  26  (heavy) than the Earth’s atmosphere. Above him was the calm surface of the sea. He could see as if he was in broad daylight.

总分____________

一 阅读理解（11X5）

二七选五 （5X5）

二 语法填空（10X2.5）

17.________  18._______ 19._________20._________  21.___________

22.________  23._______ 24._________ 25._________  26.__________

平遥二中高一年级英语答案

一 阅读理解（11X5）

二 七选五 （5X5）

三 语法填空（10X2.5）

17. was seen    18. but　    19. a　  

20. were captured  21. where    22. adapted　 

23. walking　   24. were     25. astonished　  

26. heavier