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广西柳州市2021-2022学年高三上学期第一次模拟考试英语试题
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这是一份广西柳州市2021-2022学年高三上学期第一次模拟考试英语试题，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，推荐信等内容，欢迎下载使用。
广西柳州市2021-2022学年高三上学期第一次模拟考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Jackie Robinson Scholarship
The Jackie Robinson Foundation is a non–profit organization that was established in 1973 by the wife of Jackie Robinson, a famous baseball player. It offers help to enable students to pursue their profession and academic career without having to deal with the cost of attendance or paying school loans after finishing their studies. Most scholarships are awarded based on academic achievement, some are based on the financial need of the students, some depend on the cost-of attendance of the school the student has chosen while others are based on community sertices. The sum of scholarship awards spread differs each year but on normal, up to $30,000/four years will be granted.
Requirements For Jackie Robinson Scholarship
As a student, to be suitable for a Jackie Robinson Foundation Scholarship, a candidate must: Be a graduating high school senior.
Be intending to go to a four-year institution in the US.
Indicate leadership potential.
Indicate devotion to community service.
Present an indication of financial need.
Be a United States citizen.
Have a minimum SAT score of 1000.
Application Due
The completed application deadline is January 12, 2022. Interested applicants are expected to submit(提交)the forms at https://scholarshipmuse.com.
If you have any further questions about the scholarship process, please contact Daniel White:505-883-6240.
1．Who is likely to apply for the scholarship successfully?
A．A candidate having great leadership talents.
B．A British citizen with great athletic achievement.
C．A high school senior with no community service.
D．An applicant presenting her / his psychological need.
2．How does a student apply for the scholarship?
A．By contacting Daniel White directly.
B．By submitting the documents online.
C．By sending a letter to the foundation.
D．By having a face-to-face talk with the founder.
3．What is the author's purpose of writing this passage?
A．To entertain the readers. B．To make a summary.
C．To provide information. D．To persuade people.
More Chinese seniors are exploring the use of the payment service of WeChat, China's leading messaging and social media app, according to a study released on Saturday. The study, conducted by the National Institute of Social Development of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, aimed to learn about the digital life of the elderly population in the post-pandemic(后疫情)period. Over 90 percent of the surveyed seniors watch videos online, over 80 percent read novels and articles online, and at least23.26 percent play mobile games with almost no objections from their children.
The study showed a growing number of seniors are using WeChat Pay and their sum total payment through it is increasing rapidly. 81.48 percent of elderly users said they confirm online information before paying; at the same time, 62.34 percent of elderly users check the information using tools like websites and mobile apps.
The report found in the post-pandemic period seniors live rather differently depending on their adaptability to new technologies. Some seniors manage to master skills, including scanning QR codes,texting and checking the weather app, while some have to reduce going outdoors due to digital incompetence. Still, 95.09 percent of elderly users believe in the importance of learning how to use the internet in a post pandemic setting, and 93.36 percent are confident in learning how to get online using smart phones.
The report also said the digital divide for the elderly attracted the attention of the general public after the COVID-19 outbreak and the authorities have taken action to bridge the divide. In November 2020, the General Office of the State Council issued a plan to solve the difficulties of seniors in using smart technologies. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology later issued a one-year action plan on removing obstacles(障碍) and transforming internet applications to become more senior-friendly.
4．What is the purpose of the study mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A．To analyze how seniors communicate with others.
B．To solve the difficulties of seniors in using technology.
C．To encourage the elderly to spend more time on mobile phones.
D．To survey the eldely's digital life during the post-pandemic time.
5．What can we know from the study?
A．90 percent of seniors read novels and articles online.
B．Watching videos online takes up the least of seniors’ time.
C．Most of the surveyed seniors are careful when using WeChat Pay.
D．Scanning QR codes is the most important skill for seniors.
6．Why do some seniors stay home more than before according to the passage?
A．They don't know how to use public digital devices.
B．They have more fun surfing the Internet at home.
C．They don't have smart phones.
D．They think it dangerous to be outdoors.
7．Which word can best describe the plans to bridge the digital divide for the elderly?
A．Rough. B．Ineffective.
C．Considerate. D．Advanced.
It might be strange to wear clothes made out of plastic bottles, But in fact, some clothing companies are already making such clothes. Fashion brand JUMA recently showed its newest collection at a workshop in Shanghai. Eighteen clothing items from the collection, including jackets, shirts and dresses, were made from recycled plastic bottles. “We realized that billions of water bottles were being thrown into landfills and oceans every year and that these bottles take hundreds of years to break down.We thought we should use them to create our clothes and help the environment,” said Alia Juma, the company's design director.
Many other fashion companies are finding similar ways to save our planet these days. The process is rather simple. First, the plastic bottles are washed and cut into small pieces. Then they are melted and shaped into small balls. The balls are melted again to for thread. People can then use the thread to make different kinds of clothes.
According to Juma, it takes 67,000 bottles to create 1 ton of thread. This reduces carbon emissions(排放)by 4.2 tons and water use by 6.2 tons compared with the normal way of making thread.“Four bottles can make one pillowcase. Five can make a shirt, 10 a dress and 20 a short coat,”Juma said.
Some people might have doubts about wearing something made out of plastic bottles. But according to Causeartist, a website that focuses on innovation, clothes made from plastics could be even better than some clothing-making materials.Plastic thread can be made into different textures(手感),such as cotton, silk or even wool. “The more we learn about recycled fabrics, the more we realize that they work just like other fabrics.You can get a heavier cotton feeling or a silky feeling by weaving the yarns(纱)into different textures and using different wash methods. There's actually a lot you can do with this fabric.” Juma said.
Currently, the price for the clothes in the new collection ranges from 500 to 3,000 yuan, However, Juma is optimistic that prices will decline when more companies follow the sustainability path taken by her business.
8．What caused Juma to create the clothes made from plastic bottles?
A．They are light to carry. B．They are easy to wash.
C．They are simple to make. D．They are environmentally friendly.
9．How does Juma support her views in Paragraph 3?
A．By analyzing causes. B．By presenting figures.
C．By giving live shows. D．By quoting others' words.
10．What is the main idea of Paragraph 4?
A．The emergence of a new fashion in clothing.
B．The advantages of clothes made from plastics.
C．The procedure of making clothes out of plastic bottles.
D．The reduction of carbon emission when making plastic thread.
11．What will the price of the plastic- made clothes be like in the future?
A．The price will go up year by year.
B．The price will range from 500 to 3,000 yuan.
C．The price will fall if more companies participate.
D．The price won't change a lot.
A recent issue of National Geographic magazine described one of the wonders of the earth, the tiny silver ants of the Sahara desert. These ants live in areas where temperatures reach up to 57℃, as the article described it, an environment “where shoes melt.”
These tiny ants are amazing. In the Sahara desert, where most creatures avoid going out in the middle of the day to avoid high temperatures,the Saharan silver ants have evolved(进化)a number of adaptations to do just that. Scientists have discovered that several unique features of the Saharan silver ants permit them to grow well in a scorching climate.
These ants have longer legs than other ants, which keep their bodies critically greater distance away from the hot desert sand. The ants run 108 times the length of their own bodies every second at a speed of just over 3kph. And they keep track of the position of the sun, so that they always know the most direct route back to the nest, thus lowering their time spent in extreme heat. Their bodies produce proteins that resist heat. Some other creatures produce such proteins after they come in contact with extreme heat. But since the silver ants only exit the nest for a few minutes at a time — not long enough for the protein to take effect — they produce the protein while still in the nest before they go out, or they would die before the protein could take effect.
Researchers also discovered that the ants are covered on their tops and sides with the uniquely triangular(三角的)shape of the silver hairs,which enable them to dissipate(消散)heat.The hairs help an ant's body exchange its heat to a cooler area, even under full sun conditions. This discovery inspired the scientists, for it could lead to new materials and paints that can be applied to rooftops or cars to keep them cool. And it is also expected to be applied in clinical care, wearable devices,protective clothing and other fields.
12．What does the underlined word “scorching”in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．extremely chilly B．extremely cool
C．extremely mild D．extremely hot
13．Which statement can be inferred from the text?
A．The Saharan silver ants' hairs act like a tiny air-heating system.
B．The Saharan silver ants are born with the ability to track the moon.
C．The Saharan silver ants' adaptations to the desert are to be discovered.
D．Inspiration from the Saharan silver ants will bring up more new inventions.
14．When do the Saharan silver ants produce the protein that resists heat?
A．After coming in contact with extreme heat.
B．Before traveling in the sun.
C．While running under full sun condition.
D．After coming back to the nest from outside.
15．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Small Ants Make a Big Difference
B．Small Ants Hunt for Food Easily
C．Small Ants Survive in the Saharan Desert
D．Small Ants Jump the Fastest in the World
二、七选五
The ability to communicate information accurately, clearly and as intended, is a vital life skill and something that should not be overlooked.16．Here are some suggestions to make it.
Be open. There needs to be a give-and-take when it comes to sharing information with one another. To deepen intimacy (亲近). people need to open up to you. but you also have to he willing to let others in and share details about your experiences, emotions, and opinions.17．
Listen actively. It involves being engaged with what your conversation partner is talking about.18． You' re reflecting an their words, and asking questions you may have. Listening shows that you care, It shows that you are interested in the other person's life.
Use appropriate body language and eye contact. 19． For example, using direct eye contact and body language that indicates openness, such as uncrossed arms, can help to get across that a person is ready and willing to listen and to speak openly.
20． Being open doesn't mean you should give others unlimited access to your thoughts.feelings, or time. There should be some limits on when you spend time together or how often and how long you stay together. It can also involve how much you care about each other's values, goals.emotions, and limitations.
A.Maintain boundaries.
B.Communicate politely.
C.These nonverbal signals can convey the true feelings.
D.It's impossible to work on your communication skills.
E.You're not just being quiet and letting them say their piece.
F.You get to know each other through the interactive sharing.
G.Most people can benefit from improving their communication skills.
三、完形填空
Tim and Jim are best friends and they stick together like glue. Last year these two British schoolboys conducted a project designed to answer the question “What color, if any, do birds like best?”The project led to the boys 21 the Young Science Award of the year after presenting their 22 to a group of scholars.
The boys' decision to find out whether birds have a 23 for a particular color came purely from scientific curiosity. Both of them are very 24 about nature and the power of colors in things. 25 they worked as a perfect team and began a citizen science project that didn't 26 fancy equipment. In their backyards, the boys 27 five bird feeders, colored blue, green, red, yellow and transparent(透明的). They 28 changed the position of the feeders and placed a 29 for am hour each morning, afternoon, and evening across four seasons to 30 birds visiting each feeder. They collected 31 covering a total period of 400 hours.
When the experiment finished, they had recorded the birds’ 32 to the backyards added up to over 3,000. with most of the birds coming to the 33 feeders. It was a conclusive and distinct win for blue over other colors. The pair 34 the results and male a conclusion that blue is 35 to birds because of their familiarity with the sky; green and transparent ranks second and third because they 36 grass and water, while red and yellow are often u 37 of poison in nature.
Tim and Jim said they would propose 38 their idea in some fields, such as using less popular colors of red and yellow to 39 bird strikes on planes. There seems a quite strong 40 between the color of planes and the occurrence of bird strikes.
21．A．losing B．winning C．designing D．defeating
22．A．sufferings B．behaviors C．findings D．aims
23．A．preference B．intention C．enthusiasm D．passion
24．A．concerned B．curious C．worried D．bored
25．A．so B．but C．yet D．for
26．A．ask B．require C．admit D．regain
27．A．picked up B．took up C．gave up D．set up
28．A．swiftly B．steadily C．merely D．regularly
29．A．camera B．tent C．screen D．board
30．A．display B．record C．broadcast D．accompany
31．A．data B．media C．feeders D．resources
32．A．activities B．numbers C．visits D．destinations
33．A．red B．blue C．yellow D．transparent
34．A．recognized B．explained C．analyzed D．impressed
35．A．sensitive B．harmful C．native D．attractive
36．A．belong to B．go through C．look like D．feed on
37．A．secrets B．memories C．goods D．warnings
38．A．improving B．solving C．applying D．fixing
39．A．benefit B．promote C．predict D．prevent
40．A．construction B．connection C．limitation D．contribution
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to psychologist Katherine Phillip's research, parents often praise when their child completes a task, 41． (believe) they are building their child's self-confidence. However,over-praising can have 42． negative impact. When parents use the same praise repeatedly, it may become empty and no longer valued by the child. It can also become an 43．(expect) that anything they do must 44．(reward) with praise. This may lead to the child avoiding taking risks due to fear of disappointing their parents.The key45． healthy praise is to focus on the process rather than the outcome. It is the recognition of a child's attempt, effort or the process in which they achieved something 46． is essential. Phillip says it's important to distinguish between "person praise" and "process praise". Person praise like "You are really clever" is 47．(simple) saying how great he is, which is a 48．(person) approval. Process praise is acknowledgment of the efforts a person has just made, like "You worked hard". The research 49．(suggest) that giving people process praise after success can help 50．(they) deal much better with failures because it owes outcomes to effort rather than fixed ability.
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
In the past three years, I have been great influenced by my best friend, Lucy. She is popular with all the classmates due to her kind as well as her positive attitude towards life. Generally speak, she is an excellent person who is worth making friends. I still remember the day that I told her I had failed in a math test. To her surprise, she gave me a warm hug and encouraged me. She said that we should never give up when face with difficulties.She kept telling me she believed I would make a great progress one day. Thanks to her encouragement, I finally get out of the shadow. How lucky I am to have so a nice friend!
六、推荐信
52．假定你是李华。你与外国朋友Sarah经常进行读书交流。你打算给她推荐一本中文书籍，并发封邮件作个介绍。内容包括：
1.书籍简介；
2.推荐理由；（至少两项）
3.表达期待。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.书名和作者可用汉语拼音来表达。
Dear Sarah,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1．A
2．B
3．C
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了杰基·罗宾逊奖学金的成立背景，申请要求和申请方式等相关信息。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Requirements For Jackie Robinson Scholarship(杰基·罗宾逊奖学金要求)”后的内容“Indicate leadership potential.(显示领导力潜力。)”可知，具有卓越领导才能的人很有可能去申请杰基·罗宾逊奖学金。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The completed application deadline is January 12, 2022. Interested applicants are expected to submit(提交)the forms at https://scholarshipmuse.com.(申请截止日期为2022年1月12日。有兴趣的申请人请于https://scholarshipmuse.com.)”可知，申请人可以通过在线提交文件的方式申请杰基·罗宾逊奖学金。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段“The Jackie Robinson Foundation is a non–profit organization that was established in 1973 by the wife of Jackie Robinson, a famous baseball player. It offers help to enable students to pursue their profession and academic career without having to deal with the cost of attendance or paying school loans after finishing their studies.(杰基·罗宾逊基金会是一个非营利组织，是由著名棒球运动员Jackie Robinson的妻子于1973建立的。它提供帮助，使学生能够从事自己的职业和学术生涯，而不必支付出勤费用或完成学业后支付学校贷款。)”可知杰基·罗宾逊奖学金基金会是一个为学生提供帮助的非营利性组织，结合第二段“Requirements For Jackie Robinson Scholarship(杰基·罗宾逊奖学金要求)”，以及倒数第二段“The completed application deadline is January 12, 2022. Interested applicants are expected to submit(提交)the forms at https://scholarshipmuse.com.(申请截止日期为2022年1月12日。有兴趣的申请人请于https://scholarshipmuse.com.)”可知，本文主要是介绍了杰基·罗宾逊奖学金及其要求和申请方式的相关信息，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的就是提供杰基·罗宾逊奖学金的相关信息。故选C项。
4．D
5．C
6．A
7．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在疫情大流行后老年人的网络使用情况，了解到老年人在使用网络服务时还存在着一些问题，为老年人制定了的弥合数字分歧计划，旨在帮助老年人解决智能技术困难，消除障碍，让数字产品更适合老年人使用。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“The study, conducted by the National Institute of Social Development of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, aimed to learn about the digital life of the elderly population in the post-pandemic(后疫情)period. Over 90 percent of the surveyed seniors watch videos online, over 80 percent read novels and articles online, and at least23.26 percent play mobile games with almost no objections from their children.(这项研究由中国社会科学院国家社会发展研究所进行，旨在了解疫情大流行后老年人口的数字生活。超过90%的被调查老年人在线观看视频，超过80%的人在线阅读小说和文章，至少23.26%的人在孩子几乎不反对的情况下玩手机游戏。)”可知，这个调查的目的是了解老年人在疫情后的网络使用情况，故选D项。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“81.48 percent of elderly users said they confirm online information before paying; at the same time, 62.34 percent of elderly users check the information using tools like websites and mobile apps.(81.48%的老年用户表示，他们在付费前确认在线信息；与此同时，62.34%的老年用户使用网站和手机应用等工具查看信息。)”可知大部分老年人在使用网络服务过程中比较小心，故选C项。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段“The report found in the post-pandemic period seniors live rather differently depending on their adaptability to new technologies. Some seniors manage to master skills, including scanning QR codes,texting and checking the weather app, while some have to reduce going outdoors due to digital incompetence.(报告发现，在疫情大流行后，老年人的生活方式因其对新技术的适应性而大不相同。一些老年人成功地掌握了一些技能，包括扫描二维码、发短信和查看天气应用程序，而一些老年人由于数字功能不足而不得不减少户外活动。)”可知一些老年人由于不知道如何使用网络服务，而不得不减少户外活动，故选A项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The report also said the digital divide for the elderly attracted the attention of the general public after the COVID-19 outbreak and the authorities have taken action to bridge the divide. In November 2020, the General Office of the State Council issued a plan to solve the difficulties of seniors in using smart technologies. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology later issued a one-year action plan on removing obstacles(障碍) and transforming internet applications to become more senior-friendly.(报告还指出2019冠状病毒疾病爆发后，老年人的数字鸿沟引起了公众的注意，当局已经采取行动弥合分歧。2020年11月，国务院办公厅发布了解决老年人使用智能技术困难的计划。工业和信息技术部随后发布了一项为期一年的行动计划，旨在消除障碍，改造互联网应用程序，使其更适合老年人使用。)”可知为老年人制定的弥合数字分歧计划旨在帮助老年人解决智能技术困难，消除障碍，让数字产品更适合老年人使用，由此可知这个计划是非常体贴，考虑周到的，故选C项。
8．D
9．B
10．B
11．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家服装公司利用废弃塑料瓶作为服装原材料以保护环境。除了环保以外，塑料制品的服装还具有很多好处，但目前价格是偏贵，如果有更多公司参与使用塑料制作服装的可持续发展道路，价格将会下降。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段““We realized that billions of water bottles were being thrown into landfills and oceans every year and that these bottles take hundreds of years to break down.We thought we should use them to create our clothes and help the environment,”said Alia Juma, the company's design director.(该公司的设计总监Alia Juma说：“我们意识到每年有数十亿个水瓶被扔进垃圾填埋场和海洋，这些水瓶需要数百年才能分解。我们认为我们应该用它们来制作我们的衣服，帮助保护环境。”。)”可知Juma用塑料瓶制做衣服是因为它们环保，故选D项。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段“According to Juma, it takes 67,000 bottles to create 1 ton of thread. This reduces carbon emissions(排放)by 4.2 tons and water use by 6.2 tons compared with the normal way of making thread.“Four bottles can make one pillowcase. Five can make a shirt, 10 a dress and 20 a short coat,”Juma said.(据Juma称，制造1吨线需要67000个水瓶。与普通的制线方法相比，这减少了4.2吨的碳排放量和6.2吨的用水。“四个瓶子可以做成一个枕套。五个瓶子可以做成一件衬衫，十个裙子和二十件短外套，”Juma说。)”可知Juma使用了具体的数据来支撑她的观点。故选B项。
10．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Some people might have doubts about wearing something made out of plastic bottles. But according to Causeartist, a website that focuses on innovation, clothes made from plastics could be even better than some clothing-making materials.Plastic thread can be made into different textures(手感),such as cotton, silk or even wool. "The more we learn about recycled fabrics, the more we realize that they work just like other fabrics.You can get a heavier cotton feeling or a silky feeling by weaving the yarns(纱)into different textures and using different wash methods. There's actually a lot you can do with this fabric." Juma said.(有些人可能会对穿塑料瓶制成的衣服感到怀疑。但专注于创新的Causeartist网站表示，塑料制成的衣服可能比一些制衣材料更好。塑料线可以制成不同的质地，如棉、丝甚至羊毛。Juma说：“我们对再生织物了解得越多，就越意识到它们的工作原理与其他织物一样。通过将纱线编织成不同的纹理，使用不同的洗涤方法，你可以获得更厚重的棉质感觉或丝般的感觉。实际上，这种织物可以做很多事情。”。)”可知，本段主要介绍了塑料衣服的优点。故选B项。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Currently, the price for the clothes in the new collection ranges from 500 to 3,000 yuan, However, Juma is optimistic that prices will decline when more companies follow the sustainability path taken by her business.(目前，新系列服装的价格从500元到3000元不等，然而，Juma 乐观地认为，当更多的公司走上她的企业所走的可持续发展道路时，价格将会下降。)”可知，如果更多的公司参与利用塑料制作服装这条可持续发展道路，价格将会下降。故选C项。
12．D
13．D
14．B
15．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在高温地区撒哈拉沙漠生存的银蚂蚁及其特征，它们的生存方式给研究人员带来了很多发明灵感。
12．词义猜测题。根据第一段“These ants live in areas where temperatures reach up to 57℃, as the article described it, an environment "where shoes melt."(这些蚂蚁生活在文章描述的温度高达7℃的地区，这是一个“鞋子都会融化”的环境。)”，以及第二段“In the Sahara desert, where most creatures avoid going out in the middle of the day to avoid high temperatures,the Saharan silver ants have evolved(进化)a number of adaptations to do just that.(在撒哈拉沙漠中，大多数生物避免在中午外出，以避免高温，撒哈拉银蚂蚁进化出了许多适应性来做到这一点。)”可知，银蚂蚁它们生长在温度很高的地方，由此可推知scorching意为“特别热的”，故选D项。
13．推理判断题。根据最后一段“This discovery inspired the scientists, for it could lead to new materials and paints that can be applied to rooftops or cars to keep them cool. And it is also expected to be applied in clinical care, wearable devices,protective clothing and other fields.(这一发现激发了科学家们的灵感，因为它可能带来新的材料和油漆，可以应用于屋顶或汽车，以保持凉爽。它也有望应用于临床护理、可穿戴设备、防护服等领域。)”可知，来自撒哈拉银蚁的灵感将带来更多的新发明。故选D项。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段“But since the silver ants only exit the nest for a few minutes at a time — not long enough for the protein to take effect — they produce the protein while still in the nest before they go out, or they would die before the protein could take effect.(但是，由于银蚁一次只离开巢穴几分钟——时间不足以使蛋白质发挥作用——它们在外出前仍在巢穴中产生蛋白质，否则它们会在蛋白质发挥作用之前死亡。)”可知，它们在出去太阳下行动之前就产生蛋白质，故选B项。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A recent issue of National Geographic magazine described one of the wonders of the earth, the tiny silver ants of the Sahara desert. These ants live in areas where temperatures reach up to 57℃, as the article described it, an environment “where shoes melt.”(最近一期《国家地理》杂志描述了地球上的奇迹之一，撒哈拉沙漠中的小银蚁。这些蚂蚁生活在文章描述的温度高达57℃的地区，这是一个“鞋子都会融化”的环境。)”，结合全文内容可知，本文介绍了在高温地区撒哈拉沙漠生存的银蚂蚁，所以C项“小蚂蚁在撒哈拉沙漠生存”符合文章主旨，适合作为本文的标题。故选C项。
16．G
17．F
18．E
19．C
20．A
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。沟通能力是一项非常重要的生活技能，文章介绍了几条提高沟通能力的建议。
16．根据上一句“The ability to communicate information accurately, clearly and as intended, is a vital life skill and something that should not be overlooked.(准确、清晰和按预期传达信息的能力是一项重要的生活技能，不容忽视。)”可知，沟通能力是一项非常重要的生活技能，结合下一句“Here are some suggestions to make it.(下面是一些建议。)”可知，本文内容介绍提高沟通能力的方法，由此可知G项“大多数人都能从提高沟通技巧中获益。”符合语意，承上启下，故选G项。
17．根据上文“To deepen intimacy (亲近). people need to open up to you. but you also have to he willing to let others in and share details about your experiences, emotions, and opinions.(为了亲近。人们需要向你敞开心扉。但你也必须愿意让他人参与并分享你的经历、情感和观点的细节。)”可知，应通过分享来加深亲密关系，F项“通过互动分享，你们可以相互了解。”符合文意，故选F项。
18．根据上一句“It involves being engaged with what your conversation partner is talking about.(它涉及到与你的谈话伙伴谈论的内容。)”，以及下文“You' re reflecting an their words, and asking questions you may have. Listening shows that you care, It shows that you are interested in the other person's life.(你在反思他们的话，并提出你可能有的问题。倾听表明你关心他人，也表明你对他人的生活感兴趣。)”可知高效沟通，在聆听过程中也应提出自己的问题和想法，E项“你不只是保持沉默和让他们说出自己的想法。”符合文意，故选E项。
19．根据上一句“Use appropriate body language and eye contact. (使用适当的肢体语言和眼神交流。)”可知，沟通中还应使用适当的肢体语言，结合下文“For example, using direct eye contact and body language that indicates openness, such as uncrossed arms, can help to get across that a person is ready and willing to listen and to speak openly.(例如，使用直接的眼神交流和表示开放的肢体语言，如未交叉的手臂，可以帮助理解一个人准备好并愿意公开地倾听和说话。)”可知肢体语言表达一个人的真实感受和想法，C项“这些非语言信号可以传达真实的感觉。”符合文意，故选C项。
20．根据下文“Being open doesn't mean you should give others unlimited access to your thoughts.feelings, or time. There should be some limits on when you spend time together or how often and how long you stay together. It can also involve how much you care about each other's values, goals.emotions, and limitations.(开放并不意味着你应该让别人无限地接触你的思想、感受或时间。你们在一起的时间、频率和时间应该有一些限制。它还可能涉及到你们对彼此的价值观、目标、情感和限制的关心程度。)”可知沟通交流也应保持一定的界限，A项“保持边界。”符合本段主旨，故选A项。
21．B
22．C
23．A
24．B
25．A
26．B
27．D
28．D
29．A
30．B
31．A
32．C
33．B
34．C
35．D
36．C
37．D
38．C
39．D
40．B
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章内容是关于两名男孩Tim和Tom 通过研究发现鸟儿喜欢蓝色，并考虑把研究结果应用到一些实践领域。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该项目使这些男孩在向一群学者展示他们的发现后，赢得了年度青年科学奖。A. losing输； B. winning赢；C. designing设计；D. defeating败。由宾语是“奖项”以及向“学者们展示了他们的发现后”可知，是“赢得了”奖项，故选B。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该项目使这些男孩在向一群学者展示他们的发现后，赢得了年度青年科学奖。A. sufferings遭受； B. behaviors行为；C. findings发现；D. aims目标。根据前文可知他们参加比赛，因此是将他们的“发现”展示给学者们， 故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：男孩们决定找出鸟类是否喜欢某种特定的颜色，这纯粹是出于科学好奇心。A. preference喜好； B. intention目的；C. enthusiasm热情；D. passion激情。根上文“ “What color, if any, do birds like best?”(“鸟类最喜欢什么颜色？”)”可知他们研究的是鸟类的颜色“喜好”，故选 A。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们两人都对自然和事物中颜色的力量非常好奇。A. concerned关注； B. curious好奇；C. worried担忧； D. bored无聊。根据下一句内容可知，他们两合作无间，由此可知他们两人应该都是对自然很“好奇”，短语be curious about表示“对……好奇”，故选B。
25．考查连词词义辨析。句意：于是他们组成了一个完美的团队，开始了一个不需要昂贵设备的公民科学项目。A. so所以； B. but但是；C. yet尚未； D. for为了。根据上一句可知，他们两对自然很好奇，“所以”他们组成了一个完美团队，故选 A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是他们组成了一个完美的团队，开始了一个不需要昂贵设备的公民科学项目。A. ask问；B.require需要，要求；C. admit承认；D. regain恢复。由第7小题所在句句意可知，他们设置了五个喂鸟器，由此可知，他们的项目“不需要”昂贵设备，故选 B。
27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在他们的后院，男孩们设置了五个喂鸟器，颜色分别为蓝色、绿色、红色、黄色和透明。A.picked up捡起；B. took up从事，占据；C. gave up放弃； D. set up建立。由上一句可知他们开始了项目，不需要昂贵设备，所以此处表示“建立”起五个喂鸟器，故选 D。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们定期更换喂食器的位置，并在每个季节的上午、下午和晚上放置一个摄像头，用于记录访问每个喂食器的鸟类。A. swiftly迅速地；B. steadily稳定地；C. merely仅仅；D. regularly有规律地。根据“放置摄像头”和“记录访问每个喂食器的鸟类”可知，他们做项目研究，应是“有规律地”更换喂食器的位置，故选D。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们定期更换喂食器的位置，并在每个季节的上午、下午和晚上放置一个摄像头，用于记录访问每个喂食器的鸟类。A. camera相机；B. tent帐篷；C. screen屏幕；D. board板。由“记录访问每个喂食器的鸟类”和下文第11小题的句意“收集了400小时的数据”可知，使用的工具是“相机”， 故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们定期更换喂食器的位置，并在每个季节的上午、下午和晚上放置一个摄像头，用于记录访问每个喂食器的鸟类。A. display放映；B. record记录；C. broadcast播；D. accompany陪伴。由“放置了一个相机”和下文第11小题的句意“收集了400小时的数据”可知，是用于“记录”访问每个喂食器的鸟类。故选 B。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们收集了总共400小时的数据。A. data数据；B. media媒体；C. feeders进料器；D. resources资源。由上文的“相机”和记录”可知，有总共400小时的“数据”，故选 A。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：实验结束后，他们记录了这些鸟到后院的次数，总计超过3000次。大部分的鸟都会转移到蓝色的喂食器。A. activities活动；B. numbers数字；C. visits到访，参观；D. destinations目的地。由上文内容可知，研究的形式是记录鸟儿“到访”喂食器的情况，故选 C。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：实验结束后，他们记录了这些鸟到后院的次数，总计超过3000次。大部分的鸟都会转移到蓝色的喂食器。A. red红色；B. blue蓝色；C. yellow黄色；D. transparent透明。由下一句“It was a conclusive and distinct win for blue over other colors.(这是蓝色战胜其他颜色的决定性胜利。)”可知，鸟儿喜欢蓝色，所以大部分鸟儿会转移到蓝色喂食器，故选 B。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两人分析了结果，得出结论：蓝色对鸟类很有吸引力，因为它们熟悉天空；绿色和透明排在第二和第三位，因为它们看起来像草和水，而红色和黄色通常是自然界有毒的警告。A. recognized认出，识别；B. explained解释；C. analyzed分析；D. impressed给……留下印象。 由“得出结论”可知他们对结果进行了“分析”，故选C。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两人分析了结果，得出结论：蓝色对鸟类很有吸引力，因为它们熟悉天空；绿色和透明排在第二和第三位，因为它们看起来像草和水，而红色和黄色通常是自然界有毒的警告。A. sensitive敏感的；B. harmful有害的；C. native本土的；D. attractive有吸引力的。由句意中的“熟悉天空”可推知，蓝色对鸟儿很有“吸引力”，故选D。
36．考查动词短语辨析。句意：两人分析了结果，得出结论：蓝色对鸟类很有吸引力，因为它们熟悉天空；绿色和透明排在第二和第三位，因为它们看起来像草和水，而红色和黄色通常是自然界有毒的警告。A. belong to属于；B. go through走过；C. look like看起来像；D. feed on以……为食。由“绿色和透明”以及“草和水”可知，他们的关系是“看起来像”，故选 C。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人分析了结果，得出结论：蓝色对鸟类很有吸引力，因为它们熟悉天空；绿色和透明排在第二和第三位，因为它们看起来像草和水，而红色和黄色通常是自然界有毒的警告。A. secrets秘密；B. memories记忆；C. goods商品；D. warnings警告。由句意可知，鸟儿不喜欢红色和黄色对喂食器，结合常识可知，红色和黄色应是“警告色”，故选D。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：蒂姆和吉姆说，他们将建议把他们的想法应用到一些领域，例如使用不太流行的红色和黄色来防止飞机上的鸟撞。A. improving提升；B. solving解决；C. applying申请，应用；D. fixing修理。由后半句句意可知，他们建议将这些研究得出的想法“应用”到实践中，故选 C。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：蒂姆和吉姆说，他们将建议把他们的想法应用到一些领域，例如使用不太流行的红色和黄色来防止飞机上的鸟撞。A. benefit使……收益；B. promote促进；C. predict预测；D. prevent防止。由上文可知“鸟儿不喜欢接触红色和黄色这类警告色，所以红色和黄色可以使用于“防止”鸟撞，故选 D。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在飞机的颜色和鸟撞发生之间似乎有着很强的联系。A. construction建设；B. connection联系；C. limitation限制；D. contribution贡献。上一句提到可以使用红色和黄色来防止鸟撞对情况，由此可知，飞机的颜色与鸟撞之间有很强的联系，故选 B。
41．believing
42．a
43．expectation
44．be rewarded
45．to
46．that
47．simply
48．personal
49．suggests
50．them
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。心理学家凯瑟琳·菲利普（Katherine Phillip）的研究表明，当孩子完成一项任务时，父母经常表扬孩子，认为这是在培养孩子的自信。然而，过度赞扬会产生负面影响。因此提出适度赞扬，多关注过程而不是结果。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据心理学家凯瑟琳·菲利普（Katherine Phillip）的研究，当孩子完成一项任务时，父母经常表扬孩子，认为这是在培养孩子的自信。句中已有谓语动词praise，所以believe应用非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知，与主语之间构成主动关系，使用用现在分词形式作状语，故填believing。
42．考查冠词。句意：然而，过度赞扬会产生负面影响。短语“have a/an (adj) impact on”表示“对……有（……的）影响”，negative为辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，故填a。
43．考查名词。句意：这也可能成为一种期望，即他们所做的任何事情都必须得到表扬。不定冠词an后接名词作宾语，expectation(期望)符合句意，故填expectation。
44．考查动词。句意：这也可能成为一种期望，即他们所做的任何事情都必须得到表扬。空处位于情态动词must后，由句意可知reward与主语之间为被动关系，所以应填入被动语态结构be done，故填be rewarded。
45．考查固定搭配。句意：健康表扬的关键是关注过程而不是结果。短语the key to表示“……的关键”为固定搭配，故填to。
46．考查定语从句。句意：这是对孩子的尝试、努力或过程的认可，在这过程中，他们取得了一些至关重要的成就。分析句子结合句意可知，此处包含一个定语从句，先行词为不定代词something，所以用关系代词that引导从句，代替先行词作从句的主语。故填that。
47．考查副词。句意：“你真聪明”就是简单地说他有多棒，这是个人的认可。修饰动词saying应用副词simply作状语，故填simply。
48．考查形容词。句意：“你真聪明”就是简单地说他有多棒，这是个人的认可。修饰名词approval应用形容词personal作定语，故填personal。
49．考查谓语动词。句意：研究表明，在成功后给予人们过程表扬可以帮助他们更好地应对失败，因为这是努力的结果，而不是固定的能力。空处为句子的谓语，句意描述研究结果，应用一般现在时，主语research为单数，所以谓语动词用三单形式，故填suggests。
50．考查代词。句意：研究表明，在成功后给予人们过程表扬可以帮助他们更好地应对失败，因为这是努力的结果，而不是固定的能力。空处位于动词后，为句子的宾语，应用宾格them作宾语，故填them。
51．1.great→ greatly
2.kind→ kindness
3.speak→ speaking
4.friends后加with
5.that→ when
6.her→ my
7.facing → faced
8.删除a
9.get→ got
10.so→ such
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中记录一位好朋友Lucy给她带来的积极影响。
【详解】
1.考查副词。句意：在过去的三年里，我深受我最好的朋友露西的影响。修饰动词influenced应用副词greatly作状语，故将great改为greatly。
2.考查名词。句意：由于她的善良和积极的生活态度，她受到所有同学的欢迎。形容词性物主代词her后应用名词kindness作宾语，故填kindness。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：总的来说，她是一个非常优秀的人，值得和她交朋友。generally speaking为固定搭配，分词作状语修饰整个句子，故将speak改为speaking。
4.考查介词。句意：总的来说，她是一个非常优秀的人，值得和她交朋友。此处定语从句先行词person指的是朋友Lucy，和她交朋友应用短语make friend with her，此处缺少介词，故在friends后加with。
5.考查定语从句。句意：我还记得有一天我告诉她我数学考试不及格。分析句子可知，此处包含一个定语从句，先行词为day，表示时间，从句成分和句意完整，因此此处应用关系副词when引导从句，作从句的状语，故填when。
6. 考查代词。句意：令我惊讶的是，她给了我一个温暖的拥抱并鼓励我。由语境可知，作者向Lucy倾述，所以Lucy给作者拥抱时，惊讶的是作者，应用第一人称的形容词性物主代词，故将her改为my。
7.考查形容词。句意：她说，面对困难，我们永远不应该放弃。分析句子结合主句与从句的主语都是we可知，此处为状语从句的省略情况，从句的谓语为“面临”，使用的是固定搭配“be faced with”，主语we 和助动词be省略，所以应用faced，故将facing改为faced。
8.考查冠词。句意：她一直告诉我，她相信有一天我会取得很大的进步。名词progress为不可数名词，不与不定冠词连用，故将a删除。
9.考查时态。句意：多亏了她的鼓励，我终于走出了阴影。由语境可知，本文在描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故将get改为got。
10.考查副词。句意 ：有这么好的朋友，我真幸运！此处修饰名词应用such，so用于修饰形容词和副词，故将so改为such。
52．Dear Sarah,
How’s everything going? I’m extremely grateful for your kindness of sharing your views and thoughts with me after you read new books. Those experiences really enhance my English language skills.
Knowing that you are keen on Chinese culture, I strongly recommend a novel titled Journey to the West, one of the four great classical novels of Chinese literature. Inspired by real historical events, the novel is a thrilling story about a Buddhist monk, the Monkey King and their trusted companions going through amazing adventures while traveling to the Western paradise. Not only is it a novel for entertainment, but it is a book full of philosophy and reflection about life and value. In addition, it mirrors the Chinese spirit such as self-discipline and overcoming difficulties.
Wish you have fun reading it.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文。要求考生发邮件给经常交流读书经验的朋友Sarah，推荐一本中文书，并说明推荐理由。
【详解】
1.词汇积累感激：grateful→ appreciative
观点：view→ opinion
增强：enhance→ strengthen
推荐：recommend→ suggest
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I strongly recommend a novel titled Journey to the West.
拓展句：I strongly recommend a novel whose title is Journey to the West.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】Knowing that you are keen on Chinese culture, I strongly recommend a novel titled Journey to the West, one of the four great classical novels of Chinese literature. (运用that引导宾语从句)
【高分句型2】Inspired by real historical events, the novel is a thrilling story about a Buddhist monk, the Monkey King and their trusted companions going through amazing adventures while traveling to the Western paradise. (运用while引导时间状语从句和状语从句的省略)
广西柳州市2021-2022学年高三上学期第一次模拟考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Jackie Robinson Scholarship
The Jackie Robinson Foundation is a non–profit organization that was established in 1973 by the wife of Jackie Robinson, a famous baseball player. It offers help to enable students to pursue their profession and academic career without having to deal with the cost of attendance or paying school loans after finishing their studies. Most scholarships are awarded based on academic achievement, some are based on the financial need of the students, some depend on the cost-of attendance of the school the student has chosen while others are based on community sertices. The sum of scholarship awards spread differs each year but on normal, up to $30,000/four years will be granted.
Requirements For Jackie Robinson Scholarship
As a student, to be suitable for a Jackie Robinson Foundation Scholarship, a candidate must: Be a graduating high school senior.
Be intending to go to a four-year institution in the US.
Indicate leadership potential.
Indicate devotion to community service.
Present an indication of financial need.
Be a United States citizen.
Have a minimum SAT score of 1000.
Application Due
The completed application deadline is January 12, 2022. Interested applicants are expected to submit(提交)the forms at https://scholarshipmuse.com.
If you have any further questions about the scholarship process, please contact Daniel White:505-883-6240.
1．Who is likely to apply for the scholarship successfully?
A．A candidate having great leadership talents.
B．A British citizen with great athletic achievement.
C．A high school senior with no community service.
D．An applicant presenting her / his psychological need.
2．How does a student apply for the scholarship?
A．By contacting Daniel White directly.
B．By submitting the documents online.
C．By sending a letter to the foundation.
D．By having a face-to-face talk with the founder.
3．What is the author's purpose of writing this passage?
A．To entertain the readers. B．To make a summary.
C．To provide information. D．To persuade people.
More Chinese seniors are exploring the use of the payment service of WeChat, China's leading messaging and social media app, according to a study released on Saturday. The study, conducted by the National Institute of Social Development of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, aimed to learn about the digital life of the elderly population in the post-pandemic(后疫情)period. Over 90 percent of the surveyed seniors watch videos online, over 80 percent read novels and articles online, and at least23.26 percent play mobile games with almost no objections from their children.
The study showed a growing number of seniors are using WeChat Pay and their sum total payment through it is increasing rapidly. 81.48 percent of elderly users said they confirm online information before paying; at the same time, 62.34 percent of elderly users check the information using tools like websites and mobile apps.
The report found in the post-pandemic period seniors live rather differently depending on their adaptability to new technologies. Some seniors manage to master skills, including scanning QR codes,texting and checking the weather app, while some have to reduce going outdoors due to digital incompetence. Still, 95.09 percent of elderly users believe in the importance of learning how to use the internet in a post pandemic setting, and 93.36 percent are confident in learning how to get online using smart phones.
The report also said the digital divide for the elderly attracted the attention of the general public after the COVID-19 outbreak and the authorities have taken action to bridge the divide. In November 2020, the General Office of the State Council issued a plan to solve the difficulties of seniors in using smart technologies. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology later issued a one-year action plan on removing obstacles(障碍) and transforming internet applications to become more senior-friendly.
4．What is the purpose of the study mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A．To analyze how seniors communicate with others.
B．To solve the difficulties of seniors in using technology.
C．To encourage the elderly to spend more time on mobile phones.
D．To survey the eldely's digital life during the post-pandemic time.
5．What can we know from the study?
A．90 percent of seniors read novels and articles online.
B．Watching videos online takes up the least of seniors’ time.
C．Most of the surveyed seniors are careful when using WeChat Pay.
D．Scanning QR codes is the most important skill for seniors.
6．Why do some seniors stay home more than before according to the passage?
A．They don't know how to use public digital devices.
B．They have more fun surfing the Internet at home.
C．They don't have smart phones.
D．They think it dangerous to be outdoors.
7．Which word can best describe the plans to bridge the digital divide for the elderly?
A．Rough. B．Ineffective.
C．Considerate. D．Advanced.
It might be strange to wear clothes made out of plastic bottles, But in fact, some clothing companies are already making such clothes. Fashion brand JUMA recently showed its newest collection at a workshop in Shanghai. Eighteen clothing items from the collection, including jackets, shirts and dresses, were made from recycled plastic bottles. “We realized that billions of water bottles were being thrown into landfills and oceans every year and that these bottles take hundreds of years to break down.We thought we should use them to create our clothes and help the environment,” said Alia Juma, the company's design director.
Many other fashion companies are finding similar ways to save our planet these days. The process is rather simple. First, the plastic bottles are washed and cut into small pieces. Then they are melted and shaped into small balls. The balls are melted again to for thread. People can then use the thread to make different kinds of clothes.
According to Juma, it takes 67,000 bottles to create 1 ton of thread. This reduces carbon emissions(排放)by 4.2 tons and water use by 6.2 tons compared with the normal way of making thread.“Four bottles can make one pillowcase. Five can make a shirt, 10 a dress and 20 a short coat,”Juma said.
Some people might have doubts about wearing something made out of plastic bottles. But according to Causeartist, a website that focuses on innovation, clothes made from plastics could be even better than some clothing-making materials.Plastic thread can be made into different textures(手感),such as cotton, silk or even wool. “The more we learn about recycled fabrics, the more we realize that they work just like other fabrics.You can get a heavier cotton feeling or a silky feeling by weaving the yarns(纱)into different textures and using different wash methods. There's actually a lot you can do with this fabric.” Juma said.
Currently, the price for the clothes in the new collection ranges from 500 to 3,000 yuan, However, Juma is optimistic that prices will decline when more companies follow the sustainability path taken by her business.
8．What caused Juma to create the clothes made from plastic bottles?
A．They are light to carry. B．They are easy to wash.
C．They are simple to make. D．They are environmentally friendly.
9．How does Juma support her views in Paragraph 3?
A．By analyzing causes. B．By presenting figures.
C．By giving live shows. D．By quoting others' words.
10．What is the main idea of Paragraph 4?
A．The emergence of a new fashion in clothing.
B．The advantages of clothes made from plastics.
C．The procedure of making clothes out of plastic bottles.
D．The reduction of carbon emission when making plastic thread.
11．What will the price of the plastic- made clothes be like in the future?
A．The price will go up year by year.
B．The price will range from 500 to 3,000 yuan.
C．The price will fall if more companies participate.
D．The price won't change a lot.
A recent issue of National Geographic magazine described one of the wonders of the earth, the tiny silver ants of the Sahara desert. These ants live in areas where temperatures reach up to 57℃, as the article described it, an environment “where shoes melt.”
These tiny ants are amazing. In the Sahara desert, where most creatures avoid going out in the middle of the day to avoid high temperatures,the Saharan silver ants have evolved(进化)a number of adaptations to do just that. Scientists have discovered that several unique features of the Saharan silver ants permit them to grow well in a scorching climate.
These ants have longer legs than other ants, which keep their bodies critically greater distance away from the hot desert sand. The ants run 108 times the length of their own bodies every second at a speed of just over 3kph. And they keep track of the position of the sun, so that they always know the most direct route back to the nest, thus lowering their time spent in extreme heat. Their bodies produce proteins that resist heat. Some other creatures produce such proteins after they come in contact with extreme heat. But since the silver ants only exit the nest for a few minutes at a time — not long enough for the protein to take effect — they produce the protein while still in the nest before they go out, or they would die before the protein could take effect.
Researchers also discovered that the ants are covered on their tops and sides with the uniquely triangular(三角的)shape of the silver hairs,which enable them to dissipate(消散)heat.The hairs help an ant's body exchange its heat to a cooler area, even under full sun conditions. This discovery inspired the scientists, for it could lead to new materials and paints that can be applied to rooftops or cars to keep them cool. And it is also expected to be applied in clinical care, wearable devices,protective clothing and other fields.
12．What does the underlined word “scorching”in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．extremely chilly B．extremely cool
C．extremely mild D．extremely hot
13．Which statement can be inferred from the text?
A．The Saharan silver ants' hairs act like a tiny air-heating system.
B．The Saharan silver ants are born with the ability to track the moon.
C．The Saharan silver ants' adaptations to the desert are to be discovered.
D．Inspiration from the Saharan silver ants will bring up more new inventions.
14．When do the Saharan silver ants produce the protein that resists heat?
A．After coming in contact with extreme heat.
B．Before traveling in the sun.
C．While running under full sun condition.
D．After coming back to the nest from outside.
15．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Small Ants Make a Big Difference
B．Small Ants Hunt for Food Easily
C．Small Ants Survive in the Saharan Desert
D．Small Ants Jump the Fastest in the World
二、七选五
The ability to communicate information accurately, clearly and as intended, is a vital life skill and something that should not be overlooked.16．Here are some suggestions to make it.
Be open. There needs to be a give-and-take when it comes to sharing information with one another. To deepen intimacy (亲近). people need to open up to you. but you also have to he willing to let others in and share details about your experiences, emotions, and opinions.17．
Listen actively. It involves being engaged with what your conversation partner is talking about.18． You' re reflecting an their words, and asking questions you may have. Listening shows that you care, It shows that you are interested in the other person's life.
Use appropriate body language and eye contact. 19． For example, using direct eye contact and body language that indicates openness, such as uncrossed arms, can help to get across that a person is ready and willing to listen and to speak openly.
20． Being open doesn't mean you should give others unlimited access to your thoughts.feelings, or time. There should be some limits on when you spend time together or how often and how long you stay together. It can also involve how much you care about each other's values, goals.emotions, and limitations.
A.Maintain boundaries.
B.Communicate politely.
C.These nonverbal signals can convey the true feelings.
D.It's impossible to work on your communication skills.
E.You're not just being quiet and letting them say their piece.
F.You get to know each other through the interactive sharing.
G.Most people can benefit from improving their communication skills.
三、完形填空
Tim and Jim are best friends and they stick together like glue. Last year these two British schoolboys conducted a project designed to answer the question “What color, if any, do birds like best?”The project led to the boys 21 the Young Science Award of the year after presenting their 22 to a group of scholars.
The boys' decision to find out whether birds have a 23 for a particular color came purely from scientific curiosity. Both of them are very 24 about nature and the power of colors in things. 25 they worked as a perfect team and began a citizen science project that didn't 26 fancy equipment. In their backyards, the boys 27 five bird feeders, colored blue, green, red, yellow and transparent(透明的). They 28 changed the position of the feeders and placed a 29 for am hour each morning, afternoon, and evening across four seasons to 30 birds visiting each feeder. They collected 31 covering a total period of 400 hours.
When the experiment finished, they had recorded the birds’ 32 to the backyards added up to over 3,000. with most of the birds coming to the 33 feeders. It was a conclusive and distinct win for blue over other colors. The pair 34 the results and male a conclusion that blue is 35 to birds because of their familiarity with the sky; green and transparent ranks second and third because they 36 grass and water, while red and yellow are often u 37 of poison in nature.
Tim and Jim said they would propose 38 their idea in some fields, such as using less popular colors of red and yellow to 39 bird strikes on planes. There seems a quite strong 40 between the color of planes and the occurrence of bird strikes.
21．A．losing B．winning C．designing D．defeating
22．A．sufferings B．behaviors C．findings D．aims
23．A．preference B．intention C．enthusiasm D．passion
24．A．concerned B．curious C．worried D．bored
25．A．so B．but C．yet D．for
26．A．ask B．require C．admit D．regain
27．A．picked up B．took up C．gave up D．set up
28．A．swiftly B．steadily C．merely D．regularly
29．A．camera B．tent C．screen D．board
30．A．display B．record C．broadcast D．accompany
31．A．data B．media C．feeders D．resources
32．A．activities B．numbers C．visits D．destinations
33．A．red B．blue C．yellow D．transparent
34．A．recognized B．explained C．analyzed D．impressed
35．A．sensitive B．harmful C．native D．attractive
36．A．belong to B．go through C．look like D．feed on
37．A．secrets B．memories C．goods D．warnings
38．A．improving B．solving C．applying D．fixing
39．A．benefit B．promote C．predict D．prevent
40．A．construction B．connection C．limitation D．contribution
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to psychologist Katherine Phillip's research, parents often praise when their child completes a task, 41． (believe) they are building their child's self-confidence. However,over-praising can have 42． negative impact. When parents use the same praise repeatedly, it may become empty and no longer valued by the child. It can also become an 43．(expect) that anything they do must 44．(reward) with praise. This may lead to the child avoiding taking risks due to fear of disappointing their parents.The key45． healthy praise is to focus on the process rather than the outcome. It is the recognition of a child's attempt, effort or the process in which they achieved something 46． is essential. Phillip says it's important to distinguish between "person praise" and "process praise". Person praise like "You are really clever" is 47．(simple) saying how great he is, which is a 48．(person) approval. Process praise is acknowledgment of the efforts a person has just made, like "You worked hard". The research 49．(suggest) that giving people process praise after success can help 50．(they) deal much better with failures because it owes outcomes to effort rather than fixed ability.
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
In the past three years, I have been great influenced by my best friend, Lucy. She is popular with all the classmates due to her kind as well as her positive attitude towards life. Generally speak, she is an excellent person who is worth making friends. I still remember the day that I told her I had failed in a math test. To her surprise, she gave me a warm hug and encouraged me. She said that we should never give up when face with difficulties.She kept telling me she believed I would make a great progress one day. Thanks to her encouragement, I finally get out of the shadow. How lucky I am to have so a nice friend!
六、推荐信
52．假定你是李华。你与外国朋友Sarah经常进行读书交流。你打算给她推荐一本中文书籍，并发封邮件作个介绍。内容包括：
1.书籍简介；
2.推荐理由；（至少两项）
3.表达期待。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.书名和作者可用汉语拼音来表达。
Dear Sarah,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1．A
2．B
3．C
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了杰基·罗宾逊奖学金的成立背景，申请要求和申请方式等相关信息。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Requirements For Jackie Robinson Scholarship(杰基·罗宾逊奖学金要求)”后的内容“Indicate leadership potential.(显示领导力潜力。)”可知，具有卓越领导才能的人很有可能去申请杰基·罗宾逊奖学金。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The completed application deadline is January 12, 2022. Interested applicants are expected to submit(提交)the forms at https://scholarshipmuse.com.(申请截止日期为2022年1月12日。有兴趣的申请人请于https://scholarshipmuse.com.)”可知，申请人可以通过在线提交文件的方式申请杰基·罗宾逊奖学金。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段“The Jackie Robinson Foundation is a non–profit organization that was established in 1973 by the wife of Jackie Robinson, a famous baseball player. It offers help to enable students to pursue their profession and academic career without having to deal with the cost of attendance or paying school loans after finishing their studies.(杰基·罗宾逊基金会是一个非营利组织，是由著名棒球运动员Jackie Robinson的妻子于1973建立的。它提供帮助，使学生能够从事自己的职业和学术生涯，而不必支付出勤费用或完成学业后支付学校贷款。)”可知杰基·罗宾逊奖学金基金会是一个为学生提供帮助的非营利性组织，结合第二段“Requirements For Jackie Robinson Scholarship(杰基·罗宾逊奖学金要求)”，以及倒数第二段“The completed application deadline is January 12, 2022. Interested applicants are expected to submit(提交)the forms at https://scholarshipmuse.com.(申请截止日期为2022年1月12日。有兴趣的申请人请于https://scholarshipmuse.com.)”可知，本文主要是介绍了杰基·罗宾逊奖学金及其要求和申请方式的相关信息，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的就是提供杰基·罗宾逊奖学金的相关信息。故选C项。
4．D
5．C
6．A
7．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在疫情大流行后老年人的网络使用情况，了解到老年人在使用网络服务时还存在着一些问题，为老年人制定了的弥合数字分歧计划，旨在帮助老年人解决智能技术困难，消除障碍，让数字产品更适合老年人使用。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“The study, conducted by the National Institute of Social Development of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, aimed to learn about the digital life of the elderly population in the post-pandemic(后疫情)period. Over 90 percent of the surveyed seniors watch videos online, over 80 percent read novels and articles online, and at least23.26 percent play mobile games with almost no objections from their children.(这项研究由中国社会科学院国家社会发展研究所进行，旨在了解疫情大流行后老年人口的数字生活。超过90%的被调查老年人在线观看视频，超过80%的人在线阅读小说和文章，至少23.26%的人在孩子几乎不反对的情况下玩手机游戏。)”可知，这个调查的目的是了解老年人在疫情后的网络使用情况，故选D项。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“81.48 percent of elderly users said they confirm online information before paying; at the same time, 62.34 percent of elderly users check the information using tools like websites and mobile apps.(81.48%的老年用户表示，他们在付费前确认在线信息；与此同时，62.34%的老年用户使用网站和手机应用等工具查看信息。)”可知大部分老年人在使用网络服务过程中比较小心，故选C项。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段“The report found in the post-pandemic period seniors live rather differently depending on their adaptability to new technologies. Some seniors manage to master skills, including scanning QR codes,texting and checking the weather app, while some have to reduce going outdoors due to digital incompetence.(报告发现，在疫情大流行后，老年人的生活方式因其对新技术的适应性而大不相同。一些老年人成功地掌握了一些技能，包括扫描二维码、发短信和查看天气应用程序，而一些老年人由于数字功能不足而不得不减少户外活动。)”可知一些老年人由于不知道如何使用网络服务，而不得不减少户外活动，故选A项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The report also said the digital divide for the elderly attracted the attention of the general public after the COVID-19 outbreak and the authorities have taken action to bridge the divide. In November 2020, the General Office of the State Council issued a plan to solve the difficulties of seniors in using smart technologies. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology later issued a one-year action plan on removing obstacles(障碍) and transforming internet applications to become more senior-friendly.(报告还指出2019冠状病毒疾病爆发后，老年人的数字鸿沟引起了公众的注意，当局已经采取行动弥合分歧。2020年11月，国务院办公厅发布了解决老年人使用智能技术困难的计划。工业和信息技术部随后发布了一项为期一年的行动计划，旨在消除障碍，改造互联网应用程序，使其更适合老年人使用。)”可知为老年人制定的弥合数字分歧计划旨在帮助老年人解决智能技术困难，消除障碍，让数字产品更适合老年人使用，由此可知这个计划是非常体贴，考虑周到的，故选C项。
8．D
9．B
10．B
11．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家服装公司利用废弃塑料瓶作为服装原材料以保护环境。除了环保以外，塑料制品的服装还具有很多好处，但目前价格是偏贵，如果有更多公司参与使用塑料制作服装的可持续发展道路，价格将会下降。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段““We realized that billions of water bottles were being thrown into landfills and oceans every year and that these bottles take hundreds of years to break down.We thought we should use them to create our clothes and help the environment,”said Alia Juma, the company's design director.(该公司的设计总监Alia Juma说：“我们意识到每年有数十亿个水瓶被扔进垃圾填埋场和海洋，这些水瓶需要数百年才能分解。我们认为我们应该用它们来制作我们的衣服，帮助保护环境。”。)”可知Juma用塑料瓶制做衣服是因为它们环保，故选D项。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段“According to Juma, it takes 67,000 bottles to create 1 ton of thread. This reduces carbon emissions(排放)by 4.2 tons and water use by 6.2 tons compared with the normal way of making thread.“Four bottles can make one pillowcase. Five can make a shirt, 10 a dress and 20 a short coat,”Juma said.(据Juma称，制造1吨线需要67000个水瓶。与普通的制线方法相比，这减少了4.2吨的碳排放量和6.2吨的用水。“四个瓶子可以做成一个枕套。五个瓶子可以做成一件衬衫，十个裙子和二十件短外套，”Juma说。)”可知Juma使用了具体的数据来支撑她的观点。故选B项。
10．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Some people might have doubts about wearing something made out of plastic bottles. But according to Causeartist, a website that focuses on innovation, clothes made from plastics could be even better than some clothing-making materials.Plastic thread can be made into different textures(手感),such as cotton, silk or even wool. "The more we learn about recycled fabrics, the more we realize that they work just like other fabrics.You can get a heavier cotton feeling or a silky feeling by weaving the yarns(纱)into different textures and using different wash methods. There's actually a lot you can do with this fabric." Juma said.(有些人可能会对穿塑料瓶制成的衣服感到怀疑。但专注于创新的Causeartist网站表示，塑料制成的衣服可能比一些制衣材料更好。塑料线可以制成不同的质地，如棉、丝甚至羊毛。Juma说：“我们对再生织物了解得越多，就越意识到它们的工作原理与其他织物一样。通过将纱线编织成不同的纹理，使用不同的洗涤方法，你可以获得更厚重的棉质感觉或丝般的感觉。实际上，这种织物可以做很多事情。”。)”可知，本段主要介绍了塑料衣服的优点。故选B项。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Currently, the price for the clothes in the new collection ranges from 500 to 3,000 yuan, However, Juma is optimistic that prices will decline when more companies follow the sustainability path taken by her business.(目前，新系列服装的价格从500元到3000元不等，然而，Juma 乐观地认为，当更多的公司走上她的企业所走的可持续发展道路时，价格将会下降。)”可知，如果更多的公司参与利用塑料制作服装这条可持续发展道路，价格将会下降。故选C项。
12．D
13．D
14．B
15．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在高温地区撒哈拉沙漠生存的银蚂蚁及其特征，它们的生存方式给研究人员带来了很多发明灵感。
12．词义猜测题。根据第一段“These ants live in areas where temperatures reach up to 57℃, as the article described it, an environment "where shoes melt."(这些蚂蚁生活在文章描述的温度高达7℃的地区，这是一个“鞋子都会融化”的环境。)”，以及第二段“In the Sahara desert, where most creatures avoid going out in the middle of the day to avoid high temperatures,the Saharan silver ants have evolved(进化)a number of adaptations to do just that.(在撒哈拉沙漠中，大多数生物避免在中午外出，以避免高温，撒哈拉银蚂蚁进化出了许多适应性来做到这一点。)”可知，银蚂蚁它们生长在温度很高的地方，由此可推知scorching意为“特别热的”，故选D项。
13．推理判断题。根据最后一段“This discovery inspired the scientists, for it could lead to new materials and paints that can be applied to rooftops or cars to keep them cool. And it is also expected to be applied in clinical care, wearable devices,protective clothing and other fields.(这一发现激发了科学家们的灵感，因为它可能带来新的材料和油漆，可以应用于屋顶或汽车，以保持凉爽。它也有望应用于临床护理、可穿戴设备、防护服等领域。)”可知，来自撒哈拉银蚁的灵感将带来更多的新发明。故选D项。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段“But since the silver ants only exit the nest for a few minutes at a time — not long enough for the protein to take effect — they produce the protein while still in the nest before they go out, or they would die before the protein could take effect.(但是，由于银蚁一次只离开巢穴几分钟——时间不足以使蛋白质发挥作用——它们在外出前仍在巢穴中产生蛋白质，否则它们会在蛋白质发挥作用之前死亡。)”可知，它们在出去太阳下行动之前就产生蛋白质，故选B项。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A recent issue of National Geographic magazine described one of the wonders of the earth, the tiny silver ants of the Sahara desert. These ants live in areas where temperatures reach up to 57℃, as the article described it, an environment “where shoes melt.”(最近一期《国家地理》杂志描述了地球上的奇迹之一，撒哈拉沙漠中的小银蚁。这些蚂蚁生活在文章描述的温度高达57℃的地区，这是一个“鞋子都会融化”的环境。)”，结合全文内容可知，本文介绍了在高温地区撒哈拉沙漠生存的银蚂蚁，所以C项“小蚂蚁在撒哈拉沙漠生存”符合文章主旨，适合作为本文的标题。故选C项。
16．G
17．F
18．E
19．C
20．A
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。沟通能力是一项非常重要的生活技能，文章介绍了几条提高沟通能力的建议。
16．根据上一句“The ability to communicate information accurately, clearly and as intended, is a vital life skill and something that should not be overlooked.(准确、清晰和按预期传达信息的能力是一项重要的生活技能，不容忽视。)”可知，沟通能力是一项非常重要的生活技能，结合下一句“Here are some suggestions to make it.(下面是一些建议。)”可知，本文内容介绍提高沟通能力的方法，由此可知G项“大多数人都能从提高沟通技巧中获益。”符合语意，承上启下，故选G项。
17．根据上文“To deepen intimacy (亲近). people need to open up to you. but you also have to he willing to let others in and share details about your experiences, emotions, and opinions.(为了亲近。人们需要向你敞开心扉。但你也必须愿意让他人参与并分享你的经历、情感和观点的细节。)”可知，应通过分享来加深亲密关系，F项“通过互动分享，你们可以相互了解。”符合文意，故选F项。
18．根据上一句“It involves being engaged with what your conversation partner is talking about.(它涉及到与你的谈话伙伴谈论的内容。)”，以及下文“You' re reflecting an their words, and asking questions you may have. Listening shows that you care, It shows that you are interested in the other person's life.(你在反思他们的话，并提出你可能有的问题。倾听表明你关心他人，也表明你对他人的生活感兴趣。)”可知高效沟通，在聆听过程中也应提出自己的问题和想法，E项“你不只是保持沉默和让他们说出自己的想法。”符合文意，故选E项。
19．根据上一句“Use appropriate body language and eye contact. (使用适当的肢体语言和眼神交流。)”可知，沟通中还应使用适当的肢体语言，结合下文“For example, using direct eye contact and body language that indicates openness, such as uncrossed arms, can help to get across that a person is ready and willing to listen and to speak openly.(例如，使用直接的眼神交流和表示开放的肢体语言，如未交叉的手臂，可以帮助理解一个人准备好并愿意公开地倾听和说话。)”可知肢体语言表达一个人的真实感受和想法，C项“这些非语言信号可以传达真实的感觉。”符合文意，故选C项。
20．根据下文“Being open doesn't mean you should give others unlimited access to your thoughts.feelings, or time. There should be some limits on when you spend time together or how often and how long you stay together. It can also involve how much you care about each other's values, goals.emotions, and limitations.(开放并不意味着你应该让别人无限地接触你的思想、感受或时间。你们在一起的时间、频率和时间应该有一些限制。它还可能涉及到你们对彼此的价值观、目标、情感和限制的关心程度。)”可知沟通交流也应保持一定的界限，A项“保持边界。”符合本段主旨，故选A项。
21．B
22．C
23．A
24．B
25．A
26．B
27．D
28．D
29．A
30．B
31．A
32．C
33．B
34．C
35．D
36．C
37．D
38．C
39．D
40．B
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章内容是关于两名男孩Tim和Tom 通过研究发现鸟儿喜欢蓝色，并考虑把研究结果应用到一些实践领域。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该项目使这些男孩在向一群学者展示他们的发现后，赢得了年度青年科学奖。A. losing输； B. winning赢；C. designing设计；D. defeating败。由宾语是“奖项”以及向“学者们展示了他们的发现后”可知，是“赢得了”奖项，故选B。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该项目使这些男孩在向一群学者展示他们的发现后，赢得了年度青年科学奖。A. sufferings遭受； B. behaviors行为；C. findings发现；D. aims目标。根据前文可知他们参加比赛，因此是将他们的“发现”展示给学者们， 故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：男孩们决定找出鸟类是否喜欢某种特定的颜色，这纯粹是出于科学好奇心。A. preference喜好； B. intention目的；C. enthusiasm热情；D. passion激情。根上文“ “What color, if any, do birds like best?”(“鸟类最喜欢什么颜色？”)”可知他们研究的是鸟类的颜色“喜好”，故选 A。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们两人都对自然和事物中颜色的力量非常好奇。A. concerned关注； B. curious好奇；C. worried担忧； D. bored无聊。根据下一句内容可知，他们两合作无间，由此可知他们两人应该都是对自然很“好奇”，短语be curious about表示“对……好奇”，故选B。
25．考查连词词义辨析。句意：于是他们组成了一个完美的团队，开始了一个不需要昂贵设备的公民科学项目。A. so所以； B. but但是；C. yet尚未； D. for为了。根据上一句可知，他们两对自然很好奇，“所以”他们组成了一个完美团队，故选 A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是他们组成了一个完美的团队，开始了一个不需要昂贵设备的公民科学项目。A. ask问；B.require需要，要求；C. admit承认；D. regain恢复。由第7小题所在句句意可知，他们设置了五个喂鸟器，由此可知，他们的项目“不需要”昂贵设备，故选 B。
27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在他们的后院，男孩们设置了五个喂鸟器，颜色分别为蓝色、绿色、红色、黄色和透明。A.picked up捡起；B. took up从事，占据；C. gave up放弃； D. set up建立。由上一句可知他们开始了项目，不需要昂贵设备，所以此处表示“建立”起五个喂鸟器，故选 D。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们定期更换喂食器的位置，并在每个季节的上午、下午和晚上放置一个摄像头，用于记录访问每个喂食器的鸟类。A. swiftly迅速地；B. steadily稳定地；C. merely仅仅；D. regularly有规律地。根据“放置摄像头”和“记录访问每个喂食器的鸟类”可知，他们做项目研究，应是“有规律地”更换喂食器的位置，故选D。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们定期更换喂食器的位置，并在每个季节的上午、下午和晚上放置一个摄像头，用于记录访问每个喂食器的鸟类。A. camera相机；B. tent帐篷；C. screen屏幕；D. board板。由“记录访问每个喂食器的鸟类”和下文第11小题的句意“收集了400小时的数据”可知，使用的工具是“相机”， 故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们定期更换喂食器的位置，并在每个季节的上午、下午和晚上放置一个摄像头，用于记录访问每个喂食器的鸟类。A. display放映；B. record记录；C. broadcast播；D. accompany陪伴。由“放置了一个相机”和下文第11小题的句意“收集了400小时的数据”可知，是用于“记录”访问每个喂食器的鸟类。故选 B。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们收集了总共400小时的数据。A. data数据；B. media媒体；C. feeders进料器；D. resources资源。由上文的“相机”和记录”可知，有总共400小时的“数据”，故选 A。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：实验结束后，他们记录了这些鸟到后院的次数，总计超过3000次。大部分的鸟都会转移到蓝色的喂食器。A. activities活动；B. numbers数字；C. visits到访，参观；D. destinations目的地。由上文内容可知，研究的形式是记录鸟儿“到访”喂食器的情况，故选 C。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：实验结束后，他们记录了这些鸟到后院的次数，总计超过3000次。大部分的鸟都会转移到蓝色的喂食器。A. red红色；B. blue蓝色；C. yellow黄色；D. transparent透明。由下一句“It was a conclusive and distinct win for blue over other colors.(这是蓝色战胜其他颜色的决定性胜利。)”可知，鸟儿喜欢蓝色，所以大部分鸟儿会转移到蓝色喂食器，故选 B。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两人分析了结果，得出结论：蓝色对鸟类很有吸引力，因为它们熟悉天空；绿色和透明排在第二和第三位，因为它们看起来像草和水，而红色和黄色通常是自然界有毒的警告。A. recognized认出，识别；B. explained解释；C. analyzed分析；D. impressed给……留下印象。 由“得出结论”可知他们对结果进行了“分析”，故选C。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两人分析了结果，得出结论：蓝色对鸟类很有吸引力，因为它们熟悉天空；绿色和透明排在第二和第三位，因为它们看起来像草和水，而红色和黄色通常是自然界有毒的警告。A. sensitive敏感的；B. harmful有害的；C. native本土的；D. attractive有吸引力的。由句意中的“熟悉天空”可推知，蓝色对鸟儿很有“吸引力”，故选D。
36．考查动词短语辨析。句意：两人分析了结果，得出结论：蓝色对鸟类很有吸引力，因为它们熟悉天空；绿色和透明排在第二和第三位，因为它们看起来像草和水，而红色和黄色通常是自然界有毒的警告。A. belong to属于；B. go through走过；C. look like看起来像；D. feed on以……为食。由“绿色和透明”以及“草和水”可知，他们的关系是“看起来像”，故选 C。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人分析了结果，得出结论：蓝色对鸟类很有吸引力，因为它们熟悉天空；绿色和透明排在第二和第三位，因为它们看起来像草和水，而红色和黄色通常是自然界有毒的警告。A. secrets秘密；B. memories记忆；C. goods商品；D. warnings警告。由句意可知，鸟儿不喜欢红色和黄色对喂食器，结合常识可知，红色和黄色应是“警告色”，故选D。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：蒂姆和吉姆说，他们将建议把他们的想法应用到一些领域，例如使用不太流行的红色和黄色来防止飞机上的鸟撞。A. improving提升；B. solving解决；C. applying申请，应用；D. fixing修理。由后半句句意可知，他们建议将这些研究得出的想法“应用”到实践中，故选 C。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：蒂姆和吉姆说，他们将建议把他们的想法应用到一些领域，例如使用不太流行的红色和黄色来防止飞机上的鸟撞。A. benefit使……收益；B. promote促进；C. predict预测；D. prevent防止。由上文可知“鸟儿不喜欢接触红色和黄色这类警告色，所以红色和黄色可以使用于“防止”鸟撞，故选 D。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在飞机的颜色和鸟撞发生之间似乎有着很强的联系。A. construction建设；B. connection联系；C. limitation限制；D. contribution贡献。上一句提到可以使用红色和黄色来防止鸟撞对情况，由此可知，飞机的颜色与鸟撞之间有很强的联系，故选 B。
41．believing
42．a
43．expectation
44．be rewarded
45．to
46．that
47．simply
48．personal
49．suggests
50．them
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。心理学家凯瑟琳·菲利普（Katherine Phillip）的研究表明，当孩子完成一项任务时，父母经常表扬孩子，认为这是在培养孩子的自信。然而，过度赞扬会产生负面影响。因此提出适度赞扬，多关注过程而不是结果。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据心理学家凯瑟琳·菲利普（Katherine Phillip）的研究，当孩子完成一项任务时，父母经常表扬孩子，认为这是在培养孩子的自信。句中已有谓语动词praise，所以believe应用非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知，与主语之间构成主动关系，使用用现在分词形式作状语，故填believing。
42．考查冠词。句意：然而，过度赞扬会产生负面影响。短语“have a/an (adj) impact on”表示“对……有（……的）影响”，negative为辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，故填a。
43．考查名词。句意：这也可能成为一种期望，即他们所做的任何事情都必须得到表扬。不定冠词an后接名词作宾语，expectation(期望)符合句意，故填expectation。
44．考查动词。句意：这也可能成为一种期望，即他们所做的任何事情都必须得到表扬。空处位于情态动词must后，由句意可知reward与主语之间为被动关系，所以应填入被动语态结构be done，故填be rewarded。
45．考查固定搭配。句意：健康表扬的关键是关注过程而不是结果。短语the key to表示“……的关键”为固定搭配，故填to。
46．考查定语从句。句意：这是对孩子的尝试、努力或过程的认可，在这过程中，他们取得了一些至关重要的成就。分析句子结合句意可知，此处包含一个定语从句，先行词为不定代词something，所以用关系代词that引导从句，代替先行词作从句的主语。故填that。
47．考查副词。句意：“你真聪明”就是简单地说他有多棒，这是个人的认可。修饰动词saying应用副词simply作状语，故填simply。
48．考查形容词。句意：“你真聪明”就是简单地说他有多棒，这是个人的认可。修饰名词approval应用形容词personal作定语，故填personal。
49．考查谓语动词。句意：研究表明，在成功后给予人们过程表扬可以帮助他们更好地应对失败，因为这是努力的结果，而不是固定的能力。空处为句子的谓语，句意描述研究结果，应用一般现在时，主语research为单数，所以谓语动词用三单形式，故填suggests。
50．考查代词。句意：研究表明，在成功后给予人们过程表扬可以帮助他们更好地应对失败，因为这是努力的结果，而不是固定的能力。空处位于动词后，为句子的宾语，应用宾格them作宾语，故填them。
51．1.great→ greatly
2.kind→ kindness
3.speak→ speaking
4.friends后加with
5.that→ when
6.her→ my
7.facing → faced
8.删除a
9.get→ got
10.so→ such
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中记录一位好朋友Lucy给她带来的积极影响。
【详解】
1.考查副词。句意：在过去的三年里，我深受我最好的朋友露西的影响。修饰动词influenced应用副词greatly作状语，故将great改为greatly。
2.考查名词。句意：由于她的善良和积极的生活态度，她受到所有同学的欢迎。形容词性物主代词her后应用名词kindness作宾语，故填kindness。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：总的来说，她是一个非常优秀的人，值得和她交朋友。generally speaking为固定搭配，分词作状语修饰整个句子，故将speak改为speaking。
4.考查介词。句意：总的来说，她是一个非常优秀的人，值得和她交朋友。此处定语从句先行词person指的是朋友Lucy，和她交朋友应用短语make friend with her，此处缺少介词，故在friends后加with。
5.考查定语从句。句意：我还记得有一天我告诉她我数学考试不及格。分析句子可知，此处包含一个定语从句，先行词为day，表示时间，从句成分和句意完整，因此此处应用关系副词when引导从句，作从句的状语，故填when。
6. 考查代词。句意：令我惊讶的是，她给了我一个温暖的拥抱并鼓励我。由语境可知，作者向Lucy倾述，所以Lucy给作者拥抱时，惊讶的是作者，应用第一人称的形容词性物主代词，故将her改为my。
7.考查形容词。句意：她说，面对困难，我们永远不应该放弃。分析句子结合主句与从句的主语都是we可知，此处为状语从句的省略情况，从句的谓语为“面临”，使用的是固定搭配“be faced with”，主语we 和助动词be省略，所以应用faced，故将facing改为faced。
8.考查冠词。句意：她一直告诉我，她相信有一天我会取得很大的进步。名词progress为不可数名词，不与不定冠词连用，故将a删除。
9.考查时态。句意：多亏了她的鼓励，我终于走出了阴影。由语境可知，本文在描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故将get改为got。
10.考查副词。句意 ：有这么好的朋友，我真幸运！此处修饰名词应用such，so用于修饰形容词和副词，故将so改为such。
52．Dear Sarah,
How’s everything going? I’m extremely grateful for your kindness of sharing your views and thoughts with me after you read new books. Those experiences really enhance my English language skills.
Knowing that you are keen on Chinese culture, I strongly recommend a novel titled Journey to the West, one of the four great classical novels of Chinese literature. Inspired by real historical events, the novel is a thrilling story about a Buddhist monk, the Monkey King and their trusted companions going through amazing adventures while traveling to the Western paradise. Not only is it a novel for entertainment, but it is a book full of philosophy and reflection about life and value. In addition, it mirrors the Chinese spirit such as self-discipline and overcoming difficulties.
Wish you have fun reading it.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文。要求考生发邮件给经常交流读书经验的朋友Sarah，推荐一本中文书，并说明推荐理由。
【详解】
1.词汇积累感激：grateful→ appreciative
观点：view→ opinion
增强：enhance→ strengthen
推荐：recommend→ suggest
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I strongly recommend a novel titled Journey to the West.
拓展句：I strongly recommend a novel whose title is Journey to the West.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】Knowing that you are keen on Chinese culture, I strongly recommend a novel titled Journey to the West, one of the four great classical novels of Chinese literature. (运用that引导宾语从句)
【高分句型2】Inspired by real historical events, the novel is a thrilling story about a Buddhist monk, the Monkey King and their trusted companions going through amazing adventures while traveling to the Western paradise. (运用while引导时间状语从句和状语从句的省略)
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