天津市耀华中学2021届高三第一次模拟考试英语试题

这是一份天津市耀华中学2021届高三第一次模拟考试英语试题，共26页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，完形填空，阅读理解，阅读表达，推荐信等内容，欢迎下载使用。

天津市耀华中学2021届高三第一次模拟考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单项选择
1．—These books are too heavy for me to carry.
—________.
A．Never mind B．I’ll give you a hand C．Let me do you a favor D．No problem
2．My uncle promised to buy a nice gift for my birthday, ________ beyond my imagination.
A．which B．that C．something D．the one
3．________ Maya civilization collapsed remains a mystery. The once-great cities fell into ruins.
A．What B．Why C．Whether D．That
4．________ he passed away in 1961, Mei Lanfang had been performing and encouraging the spread of Peking Opera for almost 60 years.
A．Once B．As C．Until D．Since
5．China ________ holds that economic development should go hand in hand with environmental protection.
A．consciously B．consistently C．continually D．conventionally
6．Bella, who is always cheerful, creates a friendly work atmosphere in her office every day, ________ her colleagues find pleasant and relaxing.
A．where B．which
C．when D．that
7．People have made some adaptations of this novel to make it more ________ to young readers.
A．available B．approachable C．accessible D．adjustable
8．The new law makes no ________ between adults and children, so everyone is treated equally.
A．distinction B．comparison C．assumption D．division
9．After the students put up Christmas decorations, the classroom ________ a holiday appearance.
A．made up B．adjusted to C．focused on D．took on
10．Arriving too early to a dinner party could appear slightly rude if the host ________ their preparations.
A．completes B．is completing C．completed D．has completed
11．—Excuse me, do you have the time?
—________.
A．Yes, I do B．Sorry, I’m busy C．A quarter to ten D．By all means
12．________ herself with routine office tasks, she had no time to attend to her children.
A．Occupying B．Occupied C．Being occupied D．To be occupied
13．—Why did you abandon pursuing a master degree?
—I ________ to study further, but I had to earn money to support my family.
A．had intended B．intend C．would intend D．Was intended
14．Mike ________ come to see me this afternoon. I don’t want to go window shopping with you in case he comes.
A．can B．must C．may D．will
15．—Please tell the court what really happened.
—Oh, I ________, and I hit a parked cat.
A．wouldn’t pay attention.
B．am not paying attention.
C．haven’t paid attention.
D．wasn’t paying attention.

二、完形填空
While another baby was on the way, Karen’s three-year-old son, Michael ___16___ to his sister in Mommy’s tummy.
The pregnancy progressed ___17___ for Karen. But something serious ___18___ during delivery. Finally, Michael’s little sister was born, but in serious ___19___. With siren (警报) howling in the night, the ambulance ___20___ the infant to the ICU at St. Mary’s Hospital.
__21__ inched by. The little girl got worse. The doctors told the parents, “There is very little hope.” They had ___22___ a special room in their home for the new baby-now they planned a funeral.
After two weeks in ICU, it looked as if a funeral would come ___23___ the week was over. Michael, however, kept begging his: parents to let him sing to his sister. Kids were never ___24___ in ICU. But Karen made up her mind to take Michael ___25___ they liked it or not. If he didn’t see his sister now, he may never see her alive.
She ___26___ him in an oversized suit and ___27___ him into ICU. He looked like a walking laundry basket, but the nurse ___28___ him as a child, “Get that kid out of here now!” The usually ___29___ mother glared steel-eyed right into the nurse’s face, saying in a ___30___ tone, “He’s not leaving until he sings to his sister!” Karen towed Michael to his sister’s bedside. He gazed at the tiny baby ___31___ the battle to live and began to sing. ___32___ the pure hearted voice of a 3-ycar-old, Michael sang:
“You are my sunshine, my only sunshine, you make me happy when skies are gray...”
__33__ the baby girl responded. The pulse rate began to ___34___ down and became steady.
“Keep on.” encouraged Karen. “You never know, dear, how much I love you. Please don’t take my sunshine away...” The baby’s breath became as smooth as a kitten’s purr.
“The other night, dear, as I lay sleeping.” Michael’s little sister relaxed as rest, healing rest, seemed to sweep over her.
Funeral plans were ___35___. The next day-the very next day-the little girl was well enough to go home!
Karen called it a miracle of God’s love!
16．A．talked B．whispered C．played D．sang
17．A．quietly B．peacefully C．hopefully D．normally
18．A．arose B．raised C．rose D．aroused
19．A．situation B．place C．condition D．position
20．A．pushed B．rushed C．caried D．sent
21．A．The years B．The months C．The weeks D．The days
22．A．fixed up B．brought up C．built up D．set up
23．A．until B．since C．after D．before
24．A．asked B．allowed C．admitted D．acquired
25．A．no matter B．even if C．whether D．as if
26．A．put B．wore C．dressed D．fit
27．A．marched B．forced C．hid D．followed
28．A．required B．replied C．recognized D．regarded
29．A．warm-hearted B．well-managed C．mild-mannered D．cold-blooded
30．A．firm B．strong C．hard D．tough
31．A．losing B．withdrawing C．quitting D．exiting
32．A．At B．On C．In D．Under
33．A．Finally B．Instantly C．Patiently D．Interestingly
34．A．calm B．quiet C．lie D．break
35．A．delayed B．banned C．abandoned D．abolished

三、阅读理解
Stay on top of your assignments
As college students, we often have a lot of assignments to attend to. Reading, essays and problem sets can pile up very quickly! Balancing your university work can be tricky. It’s easy to fall behind, but you don’t have to. In this article, we will discuss how to stay on top of your assignments.
Pay attention to the syllabus (课程表)
The best way to stay on top of your assignments is to be aware of what’s going on in class. You can do this by checking your class syllabus often. Write down all the due dates in your planner so you don’t forget them.
Set aside time to read and work on your assignments
Another way to ensure you stay on top of your assignments is to set aside time to do them. When you schedule time, you can also intentionally choose the time when you wok best.
Set goals
You should also set goals for yourself. Start with some simple goals. Delicate a certain amount of time to an assignment and make sure to finish it on predetermined day.
Pace yourself
Although it’s important to get all your work done, you also don’t want to bum yourself out. For this reason, you should pace yourself and plan to complete the assignment over the course of a few days.
Ask for help if you need it
Ask someone for help when you’re stock The best person you could ask would be your professor. When you ask for help, you will have no excuse to procrastinate (拖延) on that difficult assignment.
______________________
Finally, once you have finished your work, you could give yourself more time to watch Netflix, have a special dessert or sleep in. You’ve earned it!
36．From the passage we can learn that _______.
A．college students should take as many courses as possible.
B．college students have no excuse to procrastinate assignments.
C．college students are generally much occupied in their studies.
D．college students must balance university work on their own.
37．By pacing yourself in learning _______.
A．you will accomplish your assignment beyond the duration.
B．you can quit completing the assignment of the course.
C．you must get all the work done in a short period of time.
D．you can avoid getting exhausted from the work pressure..
38．What should you do if you are trapped in the tough assignment?
A．Ask the professor for help to solve your problem.
B．Start with some simple goals rather than big ones.
C．Schedule the best time to work it out intentionally.
D．Ask for your classmates’ advice and complete it on time.
39．Which can most likely be the subheading of the last paragraph?
A．Behave yourself.
B．Reward yourself.
C．Excuse yourself.
D．Prove yourself.
40．What purpose does the passage serve?
A．To make advertisement for self-help courses for college students.
B．To inform college students of new ways to entertain themselves.
C．To give advice to college students for better learning performance.
D．To offer practical tips to college students with learning disabilities.

It is 6:00 am on the first day of the school year. In Cherrybrook Technology High School, mathematics teacher Eddie Woo is already at work.
One of the first things before the first bell rings is to set up his tripod (三脚架) and iPad in the middle of the classroom. This technology is Mr. Woo’s core tool of the trade. “I’m Mr Woo. I record my lessons. I record all of them. In fact, I’m about to record this one,” he explains to his new maths class.
The unique approach to teaching mathematics has not gone unnoticed. Mr. Woo is arguably the most famous teacher in Australia-a maths teacher by day and an Internet sensation (轰动) by night.
He started posting videos online in 2012 for a student who was sick with cancer and missing a lot of school. Other students in the class then wanted to watch Mr Woo’s videos on his free YouTube channel and website, so he started sharing them across the country and beyond. Wootube now boasts more than 38,000 subscribers (用户) and has attracted almost 4 million viewers worldwide.
Cherrybrook Technology High School principal Gary Johnson said Mr Woo was helping address a standing shortage of maths teachers in Australia, and making maths popular again. “He has an ability to simplify mathematics to a level where kids can really understand it,” Mr. Johnson said.
12-year-old student Emily Shakespear said Mr. Woo’s teaching style made maths irresistible. “I don’t want to say it, but he sucked me into maths,” she said. Owen Potter, who attends high school in Cobar, agreed. “It’s difficult to understand how someone in Sydney can influence thousands of people across the whole country,” he said.
Mr Woo won the 2017 University of Sydney Young Alumni Award for Outstanding Achievement, and he was one of 12 Australian teachers honored at the Commonwealth Bank Teaching Awards.
41．Eddie Woo set up an iPad in the middle of the classroom with the purpose of _______.
A．listening to music.
B．playing a video.
C．recording his class.
D．showing pictures.
42．Why is Mr. Woo’s approach considered unique?
A．He simplified maths and shared his teaching videos online.
B．He recorded and shared all his attractive lessons for fun.
C．He made maths irresistible for audience only in Australia.
D．He won varieties of important awards as a maths teacher.
43．What can we infer from the statistics in the fourth paragraph?
A．Mr. Woo had made a lot of money by selling videos.
B．Mr. Woo posted videos online to help many adults.
C．M. Woo’s teaching videos online are well received.
D．Mr. Woo created his Wootube in 2012 in Sydney.
44．According to Gary Johnson, Mr. Woo’s maths lessons are _______.
A．difficult to follow.
B．easy to understand.
C．simple to handle.
D．challenging to learn.
45．What can we learn about in the last paragraph?
A．Mr. Woo graduated from the University of Sydney with honors.
B．Mr. Woo is the most well-known maths teacher in Australia
C．M: Woo won all the Commonwealth Bank Teaching Awards.
D．Mr. Woo’s contributions to teaching have been recognised.

The habit-forming process within our brains is a three-step loop (回路). First there is a cue, a trigger that tells your brain to go into automatic mode and which habit to use. Then there is the routine, which can be physical or mental or emotional. Finally, there is a reward, which helps your brain figure out if this particular loop is worth remembering for the future. Over time, this loop-cue, routine, reward-becomes more and more automatic. The cue and reward become intertwined (交织) until a powerful sense of anticipation and a desire appears. Eventually, a habit is born.
Habits aren’t destiny. Habits can be ignored, changed, or replaced. But the reason why the discovery of the habit loop is so important is that it reveals a basic truth: When a habit appears, the brain stops fully participating in decision making. It stops working so hard; or shifts fucus to other tasks. So unless you deliberately fight a habit-unless you find new routines-the pattern will unfold automatically.
Habits never really disappear. They’re encoded (嵌入) into the structures of our brain, and that’s a huge advantage for us, because it would be awful if we had to relearn how to drive after every vacation. The problem is that your brain can’t tell the difference between bad and good habits; and so if you have a bad one, it’s always lurking (隐藏) there, waiting for the right cues and rewards.
This explains why it’s so hard to create exercise habits, for instance, or change what we eat. Once we develop a routine of sitting on the sofa, rather than running, or snacking whenever we pass a doughnut box, those pattens always remain inside our heads. By the same rule, though, if we learn to create new neurological (神经系统的) routines that overpower those behaviors-if we take control of the habit loop-we can force those bad tendencies into the background. And once someone creates a new pattern, studies have demonstrated, going for a jog or ignoring the doughnuts becomes as automatic as any other habit.
Of course, those decisions are habitual, effortless. As long as your basal ganglia (基底核) is complete and the cues remain constant, the behaviors will occur unthinkingly. At the same time, however, the brain’s dependence on automatic routines can be dangerous. Habits are often as much a curse as a benefit.
46．What can we learn about the habit loop from the first two paragraphs?
A．It helps your brain understand what is worth remembering.
B．It is a three step loop consisting of a cue, a routine and a reward.
C．It becomes automatic and develops a sense of anticipation and desire.
D．It reveals a basic truth that the pattern of a habit will unfold automatically.
47．The advantage of habits never really disappearing is that _______.
A．we can easily change what we eat.
B．we develop a routine of sitting on the sofa.
C．we don’t necessarily learn a skill again.
D．we can distinguish between bad and good habits.
48．What can be inferred from the last sentence in Paragraph 4?
A．Habits can be changed and replaced.
B．Habits cannot be ignored or created.
C．Old patterns always exist in our brain.
D．New patterns seldom remain in our heads.
49．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．The discovery of the habit loop.
B．The automatic pattern of habits.
C．The research on the habit-forming process.
D．The brain’s dependence on automatic routines.
50．How is the passage developed?
A．By analysing principles and giving examples.
B．By making contrast between different habits.
C．By presenting cause and effect.
D．By following the order of time.

Twenty years ago, crises like the wildfires burning California and Hurricane Laura striking Louisiana in 2020 could have been described as “natural disasters.” Thanks to climate change, this is no longer the case. Around mid-August last year, the temperature in Death Valley hit the highest ever recorded on Earth A hotter, drier California is much more likely to burst into flames. The Gulf of Mexico too is heating up, with dangerous consequences. Hurricanes draw their energy from the warmth of the surface waters and so are becoming stronger and more likely to intensify.Perhaps we need a new term to call these events, namely “man-made natural disasters.”
People now play such a dominant role on the planet. By cutting down forests and digging mines and building cities, we’ve transformed half of the ice-free land on Earth. With our advanced tools, we move around more earth than all the world’s rivers and streams. As a consequence, all sorts of catastrophes extend across the line between man and nature. Many earthquakes, for example, are now caused by human activity, Meanwhile, as the climate continues to warm, wildfires will grow even larger and storms more damaging. As Andrew Dessler, a professor of atmospheric sciences at Texas A&M University, observed last fall, “If you don’t like all of the climate disasters happening in 2020, I have some bad news for you about the rest of your life.”
What’s to be done? According to some scientists, the best way to deal with, human intervention (干扰) in the natural world is to intervene better. Old technologies got us into this situation; new ones will get us out. Advocates of this view note the extraordinary advances that are being made all the time, in fields ranging from computing to genetics 1o material science. To prevent climate change, engineers have built machines that suck carbon dioxide out of the air. Today the numbers are limited, but perhaps one day they’ll be as common as mobile phones.
Other scientists argue that the new world altering technologies are likely to have much the same impact as the old world-altering technologies, only with. higher risks. Consider the example of some chemicals, which were produced in the hope of solving the problems caused by early refrigerants (制冷剂), but finally destroyed the ozone layer (臭氧层).
As for me, the choice we face is not whether to change the world; that, decision unfortunately has been made. The decision going forward is how are we going to change it? Over the years I’ve interviewed scores of scientists, inventors, and entrepreneurs, and I’m continually impressed by how smart humans are as a species. But then, the wind blows in smoke from 3,000 miles away, and I’m reminded of how dangerous we are as well.
51．What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?
A．The severe situation of the California’s wildfires.
B．The cause of current natural disasters on earth.
C．The conditions of climate warming nowadays.
D．The development of the natural disasters.
52．What message is implied in Andrew Dessler’s words?
A．Worse consequences will happen if humans don’t act.
B．Human beings will continue to take control of the earth.
C．All natural disasters are brought about by human beings.
D．Nature will never be restored due to human beings’ mistakes.
53．What is some scientists’ attitude toward the events in nature?
A．To spend more money on technology development.
B．To reduce human intervention in the natural world.
C．To produce machines to take CO2 out of the air.
D．To apply new technologies to dealing with them.
54．How do other scientists argue about new technologies?
A．Machines will be developed to improve climate warning.
B．More engineers are needed to develop new technologies.
C．New technologies can cause new problems to mankind.
D．New technologies can change the world for certain.
55．What does the author indicate in the last paragraph?
A．We should not change the world any more.
B．We should feel proud of humans’ intelligence.
C．It is the way humans change the world that counts.
D．Although humans are smart, we are in danger as well.

四、阅读表达
阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
We all know that in our lives, we never stop learning. In fact, there are those individuals who continue at an advanced age to learn new concepts, new information, and new skills. Grandfather Domenico, an elderly man who lives in Bari in southern Italy, decided to go back to middle school to get his eighth-grade diploma at the age of 83.
In grandfather Domenico’s times, going to school was a completely different matter! Poverty was very common. Four students had to share one school desk, and education ended as soon as it was possible to find a job and go to work.
It was the birth of his grandchildren that changed everything! In the evenings, Domenico often found himself reading and telling simple stories to his grandchildren, and right at that time, he began thinking about an idea that he had always had in the back of his mind. He wondered: “What if I decided to study and get my middle school diploma?”
So, for a whole year, Domenico studied Italian, French, mathematics, science, technology... in short, all the subjects he needed to learn in middle school.
His class was a very unusual middle school class. It was made u of immigrants eager to get their diplomas to find jobs, retired parents who in their mature age wanted to continue to reach personal aims, and young workers who wanted to get a better position or a promotion. In short, everyone there had a particular story that was sometimes painful but they were all eager to start a new path through education, study, and knowledge.
And so instead of spending the evening playing cards or watching TV, Domenico prepared seriously for his exam, and his teachers were amazed at his great progress. In fact, his grandchildren also noticed his progress, seeing the cease with which their grandfather spoke to them about topics that once were unknown to him!
56．What can we learn about Domenico’s educational background? (no more than 10 words)
57．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2. mean? (no more than 5 words)
58．What was special about Domenico’s class? (no more than 15 words)
59．What did Domenico’s grandchildren find about him? (no more than 15 words)
60．How do you feel after reading Domenico’s story? Please explain. (no more than 20 words)

五、推荐信
61．假设你是李华，得知你校外教Peter计划不久后回英国。他想给母亲选一份有中国文化特色的礼物。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括:
(1)推荐礼物；
(2)推荐原因；
(3)表达祝愿。
注意:
(1)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
(2)字数不少于100。
Dear Peter,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,
Li Hua

参考答案：
1．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查情景交际。句意：——这些书太重了，我搬不动。——我来帮你。 A. Never mind.没关系； B.I’ll give you a hand. 我来帮你；C. Let me do you a favor. 让我帮你一个忙； D. No problem. 没问题。由语意可知，说活人是要主动帮助搬书。故选B项。
2．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查代词。句意：我叔叔承诺我生日给我买一个好看的礼物，超乎我的想象的的东西。"____beyond my imagination" 是 a nice gift 的同位语，补充说明礼物是某种超乎想象的东西。后面句子中没有动词构成不了句子，所以which和that不能选。the one 指代与 gift 是同一个东西的礼物，意思成了“出乎想象的那个礼物”，与上文的 promised to buy 不符。something表示“某个东西”符合语境。故选C。
3．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：玛雅文明为何崩溃至今仍是个谜。曾经伟大的城市变成了废墟。分析句子结构可知，本句为主语从句，从句缺少原因状语，所以用连接词why引导。故选B。
4．C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：直到1961年去世，梅兰芳一直表演并鼓励传播京剧近60年。A. Once一旦；B. As当……的时候；C.Until直到；D.Since自从……以来。根据“had been performing” 可知，直到去世，梅兰芳一直表演并传播京剧。故选C。
【点睛】
5．B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：中国一贯认为经济发展和环境保护应该携手并进。A. consciously有意识地；B. consistently 一致地，一贯地；C. continually不断地；D. conventionally照惯例。根据“economic development should go hand in hand with environmental protection.”可知，经济发展和环境保护应该携手并进，这是中国一贯这样认为的。故选B。
6．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：贝拉总是很开朗，每天在她的办公室里营造友好的工作氛围，她的同事们觉得这样的氛围轻松愉快。句中先行词为atmosphere，在非限定性定语从句中作动词find的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。故选B。
【点睛】
分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词atmosphere，再分析先行词atmosphere在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词atmosphere带到从句中作动词find的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。
7．C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意 ：人们对这部小说进行了部分改编，使它更容易为年轻人所接受。A. available可利用的，可获得的；B. approachable可接近的，易交谈的；C. accessible可接近的，可理解的；D. adjustable可调节的，可校正的。根据句意和空后的介词to可知，应使用be accessible to sb. 这一固定搭配，意为“为……可接近的，为……可理解的”，其中，形容词accessible作宾语it的补足语。故选C项。
8．A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：新法律对成人和儿童一视同仁，所以每个人都被平等对待。A.distinction区别，差别；B.comparison比照，对比；C.assumption假定，设想；D.division分配。由语意可知，每个人都被平等对待，说明新法律对成人和儿童一视同仁。故选A项。
9．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：学生们布置完圣诞装饰品后，教室呈现出节日的面貌。A. made up编造； B. adjusted to 适应； C. focused on 集中于； D.took on呈现。由语意可知，学生布置圣诞装饰后，教室自然呈现出节日的面貌。故选D项。
10．B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意：如果主人在完成准备工作期间，客人过早参加晚宴，可能会显得有些粗鲁。使用现在进行时表示主人正在准备晚宴的时候，客人来到了现场。这是不礼貌的做法。故选B。
11．C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查情景交际与习惯表达。句意：——劳驾，你知道现在是几点钟吗？——差一刻十点。A. Yes, I do是的；B. Sorry, I’m busy对不起，我很忙；C. A quarter to ten差一刻十点，九点四十五分；D. By all means当然可以。根据问话中“have the time（注意定冠词）”，结合选项可知，应该回答：差一刻十点。故选C项。
12．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她忙于日常的办公室工作，没有时间照顾孩子。分析句子结构可知occupy在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语she构成主动关系，故用现在分词occupying。故选A。
13．A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查动词时态辨析。句意：你为什么要放弃攻读硕士学位呢？——我原本打算进一步学习，但我必须挣钱养家。表示“打算、计划、希望、认为”等的动词用于过去完成时表示“本打算（本计划、本希望、本认为）做而没做”。根据上文可知，没有攻读硕士学位，下文解释说要挣钱养家，因此推断原本打算进一步学习，但是没有。故用过去完成时。故选A。
【点睛】
14．C
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词辨析。句意：迈克下午可能来看我，我不想和你一起去购物以防他来。can表示推测，往往用于否定句或疑问句；must表示非常有把握的肯定性推测；may表示可能；will表示意愿。根据题意“ in case he comes”可知，以防他会来，是一种不确定的猜测，用may合适。故选C。
15．D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词时态。句意：——请告诉法庭发生了什么。——哦，我没注意，我撞到一辆停着的车上了。根据上文“what really happened”可知，询问过去某一时间正在发生的事，故答语用过去进行时，故选D。
16．D
17．D
18．A
19．C
20．B
21．D
22．A
23．D
24．B
25．C
26．C
27．A
28．C
29．C
30．A
31．A
32．C
33．B
34．A
35．C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Karen将再有一个孩子时，她三岁的儿子Michael经常给妈妈肚子里的妹妹唱歌。女孩子出生后病得很严重，哥哥去重症监护室给妹妹唱歌。奇迹发生了，女孩康复出院了。文章告诉我们：爱是可以创造奇迹的。
16．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当另一个孩子即将出生时，Karen三岁的儿子Michael给妈妈肚子里的妹妹唱歌。A. talked谈话；B. whispered耳语；C. played玩耍；D. sang唱。根据后文“Michael, however, kept begging his: parents to let him sing to his sister.”可知，Michael给未出生的妹妹唱歌。故选D项。
17．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Karen的妊娠进展正常。A. quietly安静地；B. peacefully平静地；C. hopefully有希望地；D. normally正常地。根据后文“But something serious 　　3　　 during delivery.”的转折语义可以推知，Karen的妊娠进展正常。故选D项。
18．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是在分娩过程中出现了一些严重的问题。A. arose产生，出现；B. raised提高；C. rose升起；D. aroused激起。根据后文“With siren (警报) howling in the night, the ambulance 　　5　　 the infant to the ICU at St. Mary’s Hospital.”，结合句意可知，孩子出生时，出现了严重的问题。故选A项。
19．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，Michael的小妹妹出生了，但情况严重。A. situation情况；B. place地点；C. condition条件；D. position位置。根据后文“With siren (警报) howling in the night, the ambulance 　　5　　 the infant to the ICU at St. Mary’s Hospital.”，结合句意可知，这里指婴儿的个人情况很严重。situation主要是指各种情况之间的相互关系，着重与形势或局面；condition与周围环境有关，着重于条件或境况。故选C项。
20．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着夜间警笛的鸣叫，救护车迅速将婴儿送往圣玛丽医院的重症监护室。A. pushed推动；B. rushed匆忙；C. carried搬，扛；D. sent发送。根据前文“with siren (警报) howling in the night, the ambulance”以及后文“the infant to the ICU at St. Mary’s Hospital”，情况严重，救护车迅速把婴儿送进重症监护室。故选B项。
21．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：日子一天天过去了。A. The years那些年；B. The months那些月；C. The weeks那些周；D. The days那些天。根据后文“The little girl got worse.”的语境以及第四段句首“After two weeks in ICU”可知，这里指“那些熬煎的日子”。故选D项。
22．
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他们已经在家里布置好了一间特别的婴儿房——现在却要计划一个葬礼。A. fixed up修好，安顿，安排；B. brought up养育；C. built up加强；D. set up设置。根据常识可知，在孩子出生前，家里已经为孩子安排了婴儿房。故选A项。
23．
考查连词词义辨析。句意：在重症监护病房待了两个星期后，看起来好像葬礼会在这个星期结束之前到来。A. until到……为止；B. since自从；C. after在……之后；D. before在……之前。基于前文的分析可知，孩子的病情恶化，没有什么希望，好像很快就要办葬礼了，所以这里指，可能就在这周结束之前，符合语境。故选D项。
24．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：儿童从来不允许进入重症监护室。A. asked请求；B. allowed允许；C. admitted承认；D. acquired获得。根据常识以及后文护士所说“Get that kid out of here now!”可知，小孩子是不被允许带进重症监护室的。故选B项。
25．
考查连词词义辨析。句意：但是Karen决定不管他们喜不喜欢，都要带Michael去。A. no matter无论；B. even if尽管；C. whether是否；D. as if好像。根据语境以及后文“they liked it or not”可知，Karen决定要带Michael去看妹妹，不管医护人员愿不愿意，whether...or not是固定用法。故选C项。
26．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她给他穿上一套特大号的西装，把他带进重症监护室。A. put放置；B. wore穿着；C. dressed给……穿衣服；D. fit适合。基于前文的分析可知，不允许小孩进入监护室，根据后文“him in an oversized suit”可知，妈妈为了让他看起来像个大人，给他穿上特大号服装。故选C项。
27．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她给他穿上一套特大号的西装，把他带进重症监护室。A. marched行进，使前进；B. forced强迫；C. hid隐藏；D. followed跟随。基于前文的分析，虽然医院不允许，但是妈妈决定要带Michael去看妹妹，所以这里指，妈妈坚定地带孩子进了重症监护室。故选A项。
28．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看起来像一个移动的洗衣篮，但护士认出他是一个孩子，“把那个孩子赶出去!”A. required要求；B. replied回答；C. recognized认出；D. regarded视为。根据后文护士所说“Get that kid out of here now!”可知，护士认出他是个孩子。故选C项。
29．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位通常温文尔雅的母亲瞪着钢铁般的眼睛盯着护士的脸，用坚定的语调说：“他不给他妹妹唱歌是不会走的!”A. warm-hearted热心的；B. well-managed管理良好的；C. mild-mannered温文雅尔的；D. cold-blooded冷血的。根据语境以及前文“usually”和后文“glared steel-eyed right into the nurse’s face”，结合选项可知，对应现在看护士时“瞪着钢铁般的眼睛”，平常时候应该是“温文雅尔的”。故选C项。
30．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位通常温文尔雅的母亲瞪着钢铁般的眼睛盯着护士的脸，用坚定的语调说：“他不给他妹妹唱歌是不会走的!”A. firm坚定的；B. strong强壮的；C. hard困难的，坚硬的；D. tough艰苦的，艰难的。根据前文“The usually 　　14　　 mother glared steel-eyed right into the nurse’s face”可知，妈妈的语调是坚定的。故选A项。
31．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他注视着那个在生存斗争中失败的小婴儿，开始唱起歌来。A. losing失去；B. withdrawing收回；C. quitting放弃；D. exiting离开。基于前文的分析可知，婴儿病情恶化，没有什么希望，根据后文“the battle to live”可知，这里指“在生存斗争中失败”的小婴儿。故选A项。
32．
考查介词词义辨析。句意：迈克尔用一个三岁孩子的纯真嗓音唱道……。A. At在（某地点）；B. On在……上；C. In在……内，用（嗓音）；D. Under在……下面。根据后文“the pure hearted voice”可知，此处指“用纯真的嗓音”，in a low/loud voice是固定短语。故选C项。
33．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：女婴立即有了反应，脉搏开始平静下来，变得稳定。A. Finally最后；B. Instantly立刻；C. Patiently耐心地；D. Interestingly有趣的是。根据后文“The pulse rate began to 　　19　　 down and became steady.”可知，这里指女婴立即有了反应。故选B项。
34．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：女婴立即有了反应，脉搏开始平静下来，变得稳定。A. calm镇静，平静；B. quiet安静；C. lie躺；D. break打破。根据后文“became steady”可知，女婴的脉搏开始平静下来，calm down平静下来，该短语是固定短语。故选A项。
35．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：葬礼计划被取消了。A. delayed延迟；B. banned禁止；C. abandoned放弃；D. abolished废除。根据后文“The next day-the very next day-the little girl was well enough to go home!”可知，孩子好了，可以出院回家了，所以葬礼的计划就被取消（放弃）了。故选C项。
36．C
37．D
38．A
39．B
40．C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了大学生掌握作业的方法。
36．
细节理解题。根据首段的前两句“As college students, we often have a lot of assignments to attend to. Reading, essays and problem sets can pile up very quickly!”（作为大学生，我们经常有很多作业要处理。阅读、论文和习题会很快堆积起来！）可知，大学生一般都忙于学业。故选C项。
37．
细节理解题。根据第五段“Although it’s important to get all your work done, you also don’t want to bum yourself out. For this reason, you should pace yourself and plan to complete the assignment over the course of a few days.”（虽然完成所有的工作很重要，但你也不想把自己累垮。因此，你应该调整自己的节奏，计划在几天内完成任务。）可知，在学习中调整自己的节奏，你可以避免因为工作压力而感到疲惫。故选D项。
38．
细节理解题。根据第六段的第二句“The best person you could ask would be your professor.”（你最好找的人就是你的教授了。）可知，如果被困在艰难的任务中，可以请教授帮忙解决问题。故选A项。
39．
主旨大意题。根据文章尾段“Finally, once you have finished your work, you could give yourself more time to watch Netflix, have a special dessert or sleep in. You’ve earned it!”（最后，一旦你完成了你的工作，你可以给自己更多的时间看Netflix，吃一个特别的甜点或睡个懒觉。你应得的！）可知，本段主要建议工作完成之后给自己奖励。故选B项。
40．
推理判断题。根据文章首段的最后一句“In this article, we will discuss how to stay on top of your assignments.”（在这篇文章中，我们将讨论如何掌握你的作业。）可知，文章的目的是为大学生提供提高学习成绩的建议。故选C项。
41．C
42．A
43．C
44．B
45．D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Woo先生在教学方面的优秀表现，他的在线课程受到学生们的欢迎，对教学的贡献得到广泛认可。
41．
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One of the first things before the first bell rings is to set up his tripod (三脚架) and iPad in the middle of the classroom. This technology is Mr. Woo’s core tool of the trade.( 在第一个铃响之前，第一件事就是在教室中央安装他的三脚架和ipad。这项技术是这个行业的核心工具。)”以及下文的“I record my lessons. I record all of them.( 我记录了我的课程。我把它们都录了下来) ”可知，Eddie Woo在教室的中央设置ipad的目的是要录自己的课。故选C。
42．
推理判断题。根据第四段的“He started posting videos online in 2012 for a student who was sick with cancer and missing a lot of school. Other students in the class then wanted to watch Mr Woo’s videos on his free YouTube channel and website, so he started sharing them across the country and beyond.( 2012年，他开始在网上为一名患有癌症、缺席学校的学生发布视频。班上的其他学生也想在他的免费YouTube频道和网站上观看他的视频，所以他开始在全国和其他地方分享。)”和第五段的““He has an ability to simplify mathematics to a level where kids can really understand it,” Mr. Johnson said.( 他有能力将数学简化到孩子们能够真正理解的水平，”约翰逊说)”可推断，Woo的教学方法被认为是独特是因为他简化了数学，并在网上分享他的教学视频。故选A。
43．
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Wootube now boasts more than 38,000 subscribers (用户) and has attracted almost 4 million viewers worldwide.( Wootube现在拥有超过38,000名用户，并在全球吸引了近400万观众)”可推知，Woo的教学视频很受欢迎。故选C。
44．
细节理解题。根据第五段中的 ““He has an ability to simplify mathematics to a level where kids can really understand it,” Mr. Johnson said.( 他有能力将数学简化到孩子们能够真正理解的水平，”约翰逊说)”可知，按照Gary Johnson的说法，Woo的数学课很容易理解。故选B。
45．
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Mr Woo won the 2017 University of Sydney Young Alumni Award for Outstanding Achievement, and he was one of 12 Australian teachers honored at the Commonwealth Bank Teaching Awards.( Woo先生获得了2017年悉尼大学青年校友杰出成就奖，他是获得英联邦银行教师奖的12名澳大利亚教师之一)”可推断，本段讲述了Woo对教学的贡献得到了认可。故选D。
46．B
47．C
48．A
49．B
50．A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章通过分析原理并举例说明了习惯形成的原理及其特点。
46．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The habit-forming process within our brains is a three-step loop (回路). First there is a cue, a trigger that tells your brain to go into automatic mode and which habit to use. Then there is the routine, which can be physical or mental or emotional. Finally, there is a reward, which helps your brain figure out if this particular loop is worth remembering for the future.(我们大脑中的习惯形成过程是一个三步循环。首先有一个提示，一个触发器，告诉你的大脑进入自动模式和习惯使用。然后是常规，可以是身体上的、精神上的或情感上的。最后，还有一个奖励，它可以帮助你的大脑弄清楚这个循环是否值得将来记住。)”可知，习惯循环是一个三步循环，包括一个提示，一个常规和一个奖励。故选B项。
47．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Habits never really disappear. They’re encoded (嵌入) into the structures of our brain, and that’s a huge advantage for us, because it would be awful if we had to relearn how to drive after every vacation.(习惯永远不会真正消失。它们被编码到我们的大脑结构中，这对我们来说是一个巨大的优势，因为如果我们在每个假期后都要重新学习如何开车，那就太糟糕了。)”可知，习惯永远不会消失的好处是：我们不必再重复学习一种技能。故选C项。
48．
推理判断题。根据第四段中倒数第二句“By the same rule, though, if we learn to create new neurological (神经系统的) routines that overpower those behaviors-if we take control of the habit loop-we can force those bad tendencies into the background.(同样的道理，如果我们学会建立新的神经系统来控制这些行为——如果我们控制习惯循环——我们就可以把这些坏习惯抛诸脑后。)”可知，如果我们控制了习惯循环，我们就可以改掉坏习惯，从而可以本段最后一句“And once someone creates a new pattern, studies have demonstrated, going for a jog or ignoring the doughnuts becomes as automatic as any other habit.(研究表明，一旦有人创造了一种新模式，慢跑或忽略甜甜圈就会像其他习惯一样自动形成。)”推断出：习惯是可以改变和取代的。故选A项。
49．
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“The habit-forming process within our brains is a three-step loop.(我们大脑中的习惯形成过程是一个三步循环。)”以及“Over time, this loop-cue, routine, reward-becomes more and more automatic.(随着时间的推移，这种循环线索、惯例和奖励变得越来越自动。)”等可知，本文主要谈论了习惯形成的自动模式。故选B项。
50．
推理判断题。根据第一段中“The habit-forming process within our brains is a three-step loop.(我们大脑中的习惯形成过程是一个三步循环。)”等内容可知，作者通过分析原理介绍了习惯的形成；根据第四段中“This explains why it’s so hard to create exercise habits, for instance, or change what we eat. Once we develop a routine of sitting on the sofa, rather than running, or snacking whenever we pass a doughnut box, those patterns always remain inside our heads. (这就解释了为什么很难养成锻炼习惯，或者改变我们的饮食习惯。一旦我们养成了坐在沙发上，而不是跑步的习惯，或者当我们遇到甜甜圈盒时就吃点零食，这些模式就会一直留在我们的脑海中。)”可知，文章通过举例说明了习惯养成的特点。所以，本文是通过分析原理和举例来发展论证的。故选A项。
51．B
52．A
53．D
54．C
55．C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人为自然灾害产生的原因以及对策。
51．
主旨大意题。根据首段的尾句“Perhaps we need a new term to call these events, namely ‘man-made natural disasters.’ (也许我们需要一个新词来称呼这些事件，即“人为的自然灾害”)”可知，首段引入自然灾害的概念。根据第二段的前两句“People now play such a dominant role on the planet. By cutting down forests and digging mines and building cities, we’ve transformed half of the ice-free land on Earth. (人类现在在地球上扮演着如此重要的角色。通过砍伐森林、开矿和建设城市，我们改变了地球上一半的无冰土地)”可知，人类活动是自然灾害的原因。故选B项。
52．
推理判断题。根据第二段尾句“As Andrew Dessler, a professor of atmospheric sciences at Texas A&M University, observed last fall, ‘If you don’t like all of the climate disasters happening in 2020, I have some bad news for you about the rest of your life.’ (正如Texas A& M University大气科学教授安德鲁·德斯勒去年秋天观察到的那样，如果你不希望2020年所有的气候灾难都发生，我有一些关于你余生的坏消息要告诉你)”可知，如果人类不采取行动，后果会更糟。故选A项。
53．
推理判断题。根据第三段的第二句“Old technologies got us into this situation; new ones will get us out. (旧技术让我们陷入了这种境地；新的技术会带我们出去)”可知，一些科学家认为可以用新技术处理自然灾害。故选D项。
54．
推理判断题。根据第四段的首句“Other scientists argue that the new world altering technologies are likely to have much the same impact as the old world-altering technologies, only with higher risks. (其他科学家认为，改变世界的新技术很可能产生与改变世界的旧技术相同的影响，只是风险更高)”可知，其他科学家认为，新技术会给人类带来新问题。故选C项。
55．
推理判断题。根据文章尾段的前两句“As for me, the choice we face is not whether to change the world; that, decision unfortunately has been made. The decision going forward is how are we going to change it? (对我来说，我们面临的选择不是是否要改变世界；很不幸，这个决定已经做出了。未来的决定是我们将如何改变它？)”可知，作者认为重要的是人类改变世界的方式。故选C项。
56．He didn’t finish his secondary education when he was young.
57．Educational conditions were much poorer.
58．It consisted of unusual students who had particular stories and hoped for a new start.
59．He gained more knowledge about topics he didn’t know before.
60．I am really inspired by his story, and his strong desire for schooling encourages me to work harder at school.
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇 记叙文。文章介绍了住在意大利南部巴里的老翁Domenico在83岁时决定重返中学，拿到他的八年级文凭，渴望通过教育、学习和知识开始新的道路的故事。
56．
考查推理判断。根据文章第二段“In grandfather Domenico’s times, going to school was a completely different matter! Poverty was very common. Four students had to share one school desk, and education ended as soon as it was possible to find a job and go to work.(在老翁Domenico的时代，上学是完全不同的事情！贫穷是非常普遍的。四个学生共用一张课桌，一旦找到工作，教育就结束了。)”可知，Domenico年小的时候，没有完成他的中学教育。故答案为He didn’t finish his secondary education when he was young.
57．
考查词句猜测。根据划线词句后文“Poverty was very common. Four students had to share one school desk, and education ended as soon as it was possible to find a job and go to work.(贫穷是非常普遍的。四个学生共用一张课桌，一旦找到工作，教育就结束了。)”可知，那个时代普遍贫穷，接受教育很困难，故划线部分going to school was a completely different matter应为“教育条件比现在差得远”的意思。故答案为Educational conditions were much poorer.
58．
考查细节理解。根据第五段中“His class was a very unusual middle school class.(他的班级是一个很不寻常的中学班级。)”以及“In short, everyone there had a particular story that was sometimes painful but they were all eager to start a new path through education, study, and knowledge.(简而言之，每个人都有一个特殊的故事，有时是痛苦的，但他们都渴望通过教育、学习和知识开始新的道路。)”可知，Domenico的班级由一些与众不同的学生组成，他们有着特殊的故事，希望有一个新的开始。故答案为It consisted of unusual students who had particular stories and hoped for a new start.
59．
考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“In fact, his grandchildren also noticed his progress, seeing the cease with which their grandfather spoke to them about topics that once were unknown to him!(事实上，他的孙子们也注意到了他的进步，因为他们的祖父不再跟他们谈论那些他曾经不知道的话题!)”可知，Domenico的孙子们发现他对以前不知道的话题有了更多的了解。故答案为He gained more knowledge about topics he didn’t know before.
60．
考查读后书面表达。通读全文，根据第一段中“Grandfather Domenico, an elderly man who lives in Bari in southern Italy, decided to go back to middle school to get his eighth-grade diploma at the age of 83.(住在意大利南部巴里的老翁Domenico在83岁时决定重返中学，拿到他的八年级文凭。)”以及第五段中“In short, everyone there had a particular story that was sometimes painful but they were all eager to start a new path through education, study, and knowledge.(简而言之，每个人都有一个特殊的故事，有时是痛苦的，但他们都渴望通过教育、学习和知识开始新的道路。)”可知，本文主要讲述了住在意大利南部巴里的老翁Domenico在83岁时决定重返中学，拿到他的八年级文凭，渴望通过学校教育开始新的道路的故事。Domenico的故事以及活到老学到老的精神，使我们备受鼓舞，他对学校教育的强烈渴望鼓励着我们在学校更加努力地学习。故答案为I am really inspired by his story, and his strong desire for schooling encourages me to work harder at school.
61．Dear Peter,
Knowing that you would like to select a Chinese gift for your mother before returning to England soon, I’m happy to recommend you a silk dress as a gift.
As is known to all, Chinese silk industry has the longest history with the famous Silk Road as an indication, making it famous at home and abroad. Besides, with strong Chinese cultural characteristics. Chinese silk dresses are comfortable and elegant to wear. They are a favorite choice for ladies of your mother’s age. What’s more, silk dresses can show her good taste as well as inner beauty. So, I’m sure your mother will definitely like one.
Best wishes to your family.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教Peter写一封邮件，向他推荐给他母亲的一份有中国文化特色的礼物。
【详解】
词汇积累
挑选：choose→select
礼物：present→gift
著名：well-known→famous
喜欢：love→like
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Chinese silk dresses are comfortable and elegant to wear. They are a favorite choice for ladies of your mother’s age.
拓展句：Chinese silk dresses, which are a favorite choice for ladies of your mother’s age, are comfortable and elegant to wear.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Knowing that you would like to select a Chinese gift for your mother before returning to England soon, I’m happy to recommend you a silk dress as a gift. (非谓语动词现在分词作状语以及that引导的宾语从句、动名词作介词宾语)
[高分句型2] As is known to all, Chinese silk industry has the longest history with the famous Silk Road as an indication, making it famous at home and abroad. (运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句以及非谓语动词现在分词作状语)