河北省衡水中学2021-2022学年高三年级上学期一调考试英语试题

这是一份河北省衡水中学2021-2022学年高三年级上学期一调考试英语试题，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，根据汉语意思填写单词，建议信，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

河北省衡水中学2021-2022学年高三年级上学期一调考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
In the coming summer, we are gathering to enjoy the sun, beaches and so on. Now let’s get a knowledge of some beautiful island countries in the world.
The Philippines
One of the most beautiful and best island countries in the world is the Philippines. It’s actually a geographically wonderful place worth visiting at any time of the year. The Philippines contain over 7,000 islands, and all of them are beautiful and unique in their own way. There are many wonderful tourist attractions including the Tubbataha Reef, Mayon Volcano, Banaue Rice Terraces, Puerto Galera, Donsol, the Chocolate Hills and many more. The country also offers plenty of interesting activities for you to experience, such as diving, climbing, camping, hiking, bird watching.
Australia
Australia is an amazing continental island country, which everyone should visit at least once in life. It’s often identified as huge diverse country as it boasts a rich culture, fantastic wildlife, nice people, and a lot of fun and interesting things to see and to do. Australia has literally everything, from the spectacular beaches, canyons, to breathtaking green forests to explore.
Greece
Greece is a beautiful country, known for its long history and its clean beaches. The country consists of over 1,400 islands and islets, however only 169 of them are actually inhabited. These Greek islands are the most popular and visited Greek destinations, especially during the summer months. Mykonos island, Santorini island, Crete island, Corfu island are among the best Greek islands to visit. If you’re a history fan, there are many archaeological and historical sites you can visit in Greece, which wonderfully describe the past of the country.
Cuba
Unfortunately, few people even think of visiting Cuba these days. However, Cuba is a charming island country that boasts the clear blue waters, the white sandy beaches, the best coral reefs in the world, the small shops and numerous attractions. This country has a rich culture and history to explore. And if you like to dive or snorkel, Cuba should be one on your travel bucket list. Cuba is close to North America, so why not visit it this year?
1．Which country is fit for people to sightsee throughout the year?
A．Australia. B．Cuba.
C．The Philippines. D．Greece.
2．What can we learn from the passage?
A．You can go diving, climbing, camping and exploring history in the Philippines.
B．Australia boasts fantastic wildlife and the best coral reefs in the world.
C．Spring is the best season for people to visit Greek islands.
D．Cuba is not a country for many people choosing to travel to.
3．What do Australia and Cuba have in common?
A．Breathtaking green forests. B．A rich culture.
C．Fantastic wildlife. D．Archaeological sites.

On February 22, 2021, cancer survivor Hayley Areeneaux was selected to be one of four crew members of the SpaceX Inspiration4 — the world’s first civilian astronaut mission. The 29-year-old will make history as the youngest American — and the first with a false limb — to travel to space.
Hayley’s space dreams began two decades ago, following a visit to the NASA Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. However, the young girl’s dreams were derailed a year later when she was diagnosed with osteosarcoma — a type of bone cancer.
Fortunately, the fatal disease had been caught early and the experts at St. Jude’s Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis were able to reduce its spread through chemotherapy and by replacing the diseased bones with metal rods (杆) in her left leg. Arceneaux said she never thought she would be able to go to space. But when the call came “out of the blue” from Jared Isaacman, CEO and founder of Shift4 Payments, asking her if she would like to go to space, she said without hesitation, “Yes, yes, absolutely!”
Isaacman had always intended to go to space. Hence when SpaceX announced the world’s first all-commercial astronaut mission, the 37-year-old billionaire, instantly booked the available four seats. The flying enthusiast announced that he would donate three seats to members of the general public. Hayley, the first crew member to be announced, will represent the pillar (支柱) of “hope” — a nod to her survival of cancer and frontline work as a physician at St. Jude. The remaining passengers, representing the pillars of “generosity” and “prosperity”, will be chosen randomly to raise $200 million for St. Jude, which treats children at no charge.
Before the mission launch later this year, the crew will undergo intense training. The mission, which will orbit Earth every 90 minutes, will be carefully monitored by SpaceX mission control scientists from Earth. Upon the mission’s completion, the Dragon will reenter Earth’s atmosphere for a soft water landing off the coast of Florida.
4．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A．“The Sky Is Not Even The Limit” For Jared Isaacman
B．Hayley’s Space Dreams Were Derailed By Osteosarcoma
C．Cancer Survivor To Become The Youngest American In Space
D．Hayley Arceneaux Became The Youngest American travelling in Space
5．What do you know about Hayley Arceneaux?
A．She is a disabled woman. B．She was caught in a storm.
C．She is a famous physicist. D．She used to be a fighter pilot.
6．What does the underlined phrase “out of the blue” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Sadly. B．Strangely. C．Randomly. D．Suddenly.
7．Why would Jared Isaacman donate the last two seats to members of the general public?
A．To promote his company’s products B．To raise funds for a cancer hospital.
C．To inspire interests in space travel. D．To seek help for disabled children.

British sculptor Jason Taylor has made it his mission to use his talent to conserve our ecosystems by creating underwater museums. Over the years, the environmentalist has put over 850 massive artworks underwater worldwide. On February 1, 2021, Taylor launched his latest work---The Underwater Museum of Cannes.
“The main goal was to bring attention to the fact that our oceans need our help,” Taylor told Dezeen. “Ocean ecologies have been destroyed by human activity in the Mediterranean over the past few decades, and it is not obvious what is taking place when observing the sea from afar.”
The Underwater Museum of Cannes contains 6 sculptures featuring local residents of various ages. They range from Maurice, an 80-year-old fisherman, to Anouk, a 9-year-old student. Towering over 6-feet-tall and weighing 10 tons, the faces are sectioned into two parts, with the outer part like a mask. The mask indicates that the world’s oceans appear powerful and unbeatable from the surface but house an ecosystem that is extremely fragile to careless human activities.
Though the waters surrounding the sculptures now appear a pristine blue, the seabed was filled with old boat engines, pipes, and other human-made trash when the project began about four years ago. Besides removing the trash, Taylor also restored the area’s seagrass. Just one square meter of the seagrass can generate up to 10 liters of oxygen daily. The seagrass also helps prevent coastal erosion and provides habitats for many ocean creatures.
“The idea of creating an underwater museum was to draw more people underwater and develop a sense of care and protection,” Taylor told Dezeen. “If we threw unwanted waste near a forest, there would be a public outcry. But this is happening every day in our surrounding waters and it largely goes unnoticed.”
8．What are the underwater museums intended to do?
A．To make huge profits. B．To raise awareness of protecting the ocean.
C．To show Jason Taylor’s talent. D．To draw attention to endangered sea animals.
9．Why does the outer part of the sculptures look like a mask?
A．To popularize the features of the locals.
B．To remind people to protect themselves.
C．To reflect people’s protection of the ocean.
D．To stress the sensitiveness of the ecosystem.
10．What’s Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．How the project was started. B．How the seagrass was restored.
C．What recovery effort the project made. D．Why the surroundings were improved.
11．What can we infer from what Jason Taylor said in the last paragraph?
A．The situation of the ocean is easily ignored.
B．The destruction caused to the ocean is noticeable.
C．Forests play a more important role in ecosystems.
D．People have zero tolerance to damage done to nature.

Confused by food nutrition labels? You’re not alone. Now, researchers have suggested an alternative: labelling the amount and type of exercise needed to burn off the calories.
Current food and drink labels display nutritional information such as the amount of calories and fat. However, researchers led by Prof. Amanda Daley at Loughborough University say that these labels are having a limited effect on changing buying habits. Instead, they propose a labelling system called ‘physical activity calorie equivalent or expenditure’ (PACE) (体育活动热量当量), which shows how many minutes or miles of physical activity are needed to burn off the calories. For example, a small bar of milk chocolate contains 230 calories, which would take about 42 minutes of walking, or 22 minutes of running, to burn off.
They pooled the data from 14 previous studies which compared the impact of PACE labelling with that of other types of food labelling, or with no food labelling at all. They calculated that PACE labelling could cut a person’s daily calorie intake by up to 200 calories. “Public health agencies may want to consider the possibility of including policies to promote PACE food labelling as a strategy that contributes to the prevention and treatment of obesity (肥胖) and related diseases,” said the researchers.
The UK’s Royal Society for Public Health has already called for PACE labelling to replace the current system. However, not everyone is convinced. A spokesperson for the eating disorder charity Beat said: “We believe that anti-obesity campaigns that focus on weight instead of health are ineffective and that recommending more exercise is an ineffective and over-simplistic approach to a complex problem. Most urgently, public health campaigns must consider people’s mental as well as their physical health, moving from obesity-shaming to evidence-based campaigns that build confidence and support healthy eating.”

12．What additional information can you get from PACE labels compared with the current ones?
A．Exercise advice B．Fat content
C．Nutrition facts D．Calorie content
13．What does the underlined word “pool” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．collected B．distributed C．deleted D．proved
14．What can we know form Beat’s comments?
A．Obesity is a physical problem and can be solved by increasing exercise.
B．Obesity is related to eating habits and can be tackled by cutting calories.
C．Obesity is no simple problem but can be settled by focusing on weight.
D．Obesity is complicated and should be tackled physically and mentally.
15．What’s the best title for the text?
A．PACE: A new labelling option
B．Nutrition: A basic step towards health
C．Labelling: A smart advisor for shopping
D．Excise: An effective treatment for obesity
二、七选五
Griffin Kubik spent two years at Chicago Waldorf preschool before his parents pulled the plug on his formal education. The 6-year-old now spends his days with his parents travelling in their newly purchased touring car.“____16____,” said Griffin’s mom.
Griffin is one of about 3.5 million homeschooled children in the nation. This number has been growing by 3 to 8 percent each year, since 2012, according to the National Center for Education Statistics.__17__, ranging from parents’ ideas to more practical issues including globally-focused families who don’t want to tie their children to a set way of learning and school-based issues.____18____. There are parents who teach kids at home loosely, and others who do a full homeschool program delivered by tutors and teachers in the home.
But homeschooling isn’t problem-free. As public school teachers, Genola Johnson and her husband are homeschooling their children.“ ____19____. Besides, your child loses interest and is bored, which can be due to no social interaction (互动),’’ Johnson said. “You have to find ways for them to socialize with their peers (同龄人) regardless of them having brothers or sisters at home.”
____20____. In the early years, parents may consider teaching their own children, but as they advance—or as the child needs classes or other opportunities for socializing—the fees can quickly add up.
A．Tasks can easily get out of control
B．Homeschooling is becoming more unacceptable
C．Homeschooling can also become very expensive
D．We suggest creating a schedule for homeschooling
E．That growing popularity can result from a number of things
F．Homeschooling can also be designed to fit a family’s lifestyle
G．For our family, learning while travelling is of more benefit than going to school

三、完形填空
As online schooling took effect in the US, parents noted many children lacked learning space at home.So, they got ____21____.They built, collected, and donated desks, ____22____ remote learning for kids in need.
In Mitch Couch’s home in California, his daughter and son kept ____23____ the kitchen table for remote lessons or being bothered.This gave him an ____24____ —he would make them their own desks.The desks were kid—size, simple and ____25____, made of wood.But they ____26____.Then he thought：Why not provide other children with individual learning areas to ____27____ their supplies?
“I spent only $20—significantly less than what stores charge for desks that are suddenly in ____28____,” Couch said.”I decided to show others how to build desks.So I made a video about desk—making to ____29____ fellow parents.”
A grocery store saw Couch’s ______30______ online, offering to fund materials if he would build more.
They also ______31______ local school officials to help identify those in need.______32______, there was an order for 20 desks, but it quickly increased by at least 50.By now Couch is so ______33______ —he can knock one out in about 15 minutes.
Couch says the messages of ______34______ from parents and students kept him going, sharing thank—you cards from parents saying their kids were ‘‘doing better and ______35______ more because they have their own space”.
21．A．upset B．nervous C．careful D．busy
22．A．enabling B．easing C．providing D．changing
23．A．leaving behind B．putting out C．moving around D．taking up
24．A．opportunity B．approach C．inspiration D．option
25．A．inexpensive B．uncommon C．stable D．recyclable
26．A．met the standard B．did the trick
C．set an example D．made a hit
27．A．share B．acquire C．store D．use
28．A．favour B．demand C．sight D．question
29．A．attract B．remind C．convince D．guide
30．A．accomplishments B．donations
C．children D．appeals
31．A．thanked B．contacted C．organized D．informed
32．A．Basically B．Surprisingly C．Fortunately D．Initially
33．A．proud B．devoted C．practiced D．prepared
34．A．appreciation B．concern C．encouragement D．trust
35．A．expecting B．understanding C．focusing D．exploring

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The advance of technology in our lives has been kind of stopped in New York City. Up to now, lawmakers ____36____ (pass) a bill to ban cashless businesses. With many parts of the world going through a seemingly relentless (持续强烈的) drive to replace cash ____37____ plastic or digital payments, New York City officials have decided cash still has a ____38____ (value) part to play in our lives. Officials have approved legislation (立法) that forbids stores and restaurants from refusing ____39____ (accept) cash.They want to make shopping easier for people ____40____ (prefer) to pay via traditional means, through notes and coins, ____41____ means businesses in the city will no longer be able to require that ____42____ (customer) make use of cashless payment methods.
Businesses that break the new regulation could face heavy fines of up to $ 1,500 for each offense (违法行为). Critics of cashless businesses say they discriminate (歧视) against people who are much ____43____ (poor) than others. Many of them do not have bank accounts or credit cards. One citizen said, “I worry about the real—world discriminatory effect cashless businesses can have on New Yorkers, ____44____ (especial) in communities of color.” Many people also think _____45_____ is unfair not to accept cash because some people can’t get credit.

五、根据汉语意思填写单词
46．All roads were _____________(堵塞) by the heavy snowfall.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47．It is a great _____________(便利的事情) to live near my school. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
48．You can _____________（索赔）on the insurance if you have an accident while on holiday. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
49．When my mother saw my creations, she told me how _____________(有创造力的) my designs were. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50．_____________(接近；走近) the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

六、建议信
51．假定你是李华，当今网络已经把世界变成了真正的“全球村”，请你给某报社写一封信，就“网络对教育的影响”谈谈你的看法。内容包括：
1.网络对教育的影响（利与弊）；
2.你的建议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

七、读后续写
52．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My dad always told me that when I was two years old, I told everyone I met that I was going to be the next Michael Jordan. One day when I was six, he looked me straight in the eye, asking, “Are you willing to do any amount of work to become Michael Jordan?” I hesitated for a moment, feeling the weight of his words, but then smiled brightly and nodded.
“All right. ” He produced a sheet of paper and handed it to me, warning, “This will be one serious commitment. ” He gave me a pen and gestured for me to sign my signature at the bottom of the page.
The next morning I had completely forgotten about the paper until, at the crack of dawn, my father shook me awake.
“Get up. ” he ordered. “Basketball practice starts today. ”
I complained, unwillingly getting out of my warm bed and following my dad. We headed out to the driveway and he showed me an orange basketball. He threw it to me, and I clumsily grasped it with both bands. That morning, I practiced for three hours, the most tired I had been in those years. Already, I was beginning to regret my decision to be the female version of Michael Jordan.
The next morning my dad dragged me out in the driveway at the crack of dawn, once again. It was the same the next day, and the next day. I screamed that I would never touch a basketball again, but he took out my signed contract （合同） and waved it in my face, explaining that I couldn’t take back my words now.
Years passed and I began to accept basketball practice as just a fact of life. One day, at the age of 15, I finally reached my goal — my 10, 000 hours. That morning we practiced our usual three hours, and for once, I felt like I may have learned everything there was to know about basketball. At the end of our session （训练时期）, my dad hugged and congratulated me before handing me that orange basketball and saying. “It’s yours now.”
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1:
That evening we had a party, with a huge basketball-shaped cake.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:
Dad and I held the paper to the candle’s flame and watched it slowly burn.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．C
2．D
3．B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了适合夏天旅游的4个岛国。
1．
细节理解题。根据The Philippines中的“It’s actually a geographically wonderful place worth visiting at any time of the year.(实际上，它是一个地理上非常棒的地方，一年四季都值得一游。)”可知，菲律宾适合人们一年四季游览。故选C。
2．
细节理解题。根据Cuba中的“Unfortunately, few people even think of visiting Cuba these days. (不幸的是，现在很少有人想去古巴。)”可知，古巴不是一个很多人选择去旅游的国家。故选D。
3．
细节理解题。根据Australia中的“It’s often identified as huge diverse country as it boasts a rich culture, fantastic wildlife, nice people, and a lot of fun and interesting things to see and to do.( 它经常被认为是一个巨大的多样化的国家，因为它拥有丰富的文化，奇妙的野生动物，善良的人们，还有很多有趣的事情可以看和做。)”和Cuba中的“This country has a rich culture and history to explore.(这个国家有丰富的文化和历史可供探索。)”可知，澳大利亚和古巴都有丰富的文化。故选B。
4．C
5．A
6．D
7．B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。2021年2月22日，癌症幸存者Hayley Areeneaux被选为太空探索技术公司“灵感4号”的四名宇航员之一，“灵感4号”是世界上第一个民用宇航员任务。29岁的她将成为美国历史上最年轻的、也是第一位使用假肢进入太空的美国人。
4．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“On February 22, 2021, cancer survivor Hayley Areeneaux was selected to be one of four crew members of the SpaceX Inspiration4 — the world’s first civilian astronaut mission. The 29-year-old will make history as the youngest American — and the first with a false limb — to travel to space. (2021年2月22日，癌症幸存者Hayley Areeneaux被选为太空探索技术公司“灵感4号”的四名宇航员之一，“灵感4号”是世界上第一个民用宇航员任务。29岁的她将成为美国历史上最年轻的、也是第一位使用假肢进入太空的美国人)”可知，文章主要是讲一位癌症幸存者即将成为最年轻的太空美国人。故选C。
5．
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The 29-year-old will make history as the youngest American — and the first with a false limb — to travel to space. (29岁的她将成为美国历史上最年轻的、也是第一位使用假肢进入太空的美国人)”可知，Hayley Arceneaux是一个残疾人。故选A。
6．
词句猜测题。根据第三段第二句“Arceneaux said she never thought she would be able to go to space. (Arceneaux说，她从来没有想过自己能够进入太空)”可知，这个邀请电话来得很突然。由此推知，划线部分“out of the blue”意为“突然地”。故选D。
7．
细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“The remaining passengers, representing the pillars of “generosity” and “prosperity”, will be chosen randomly to raise $200 million for St. Jude, which treats children at no charge.(剩下的乘客代表着 “慷慨”和“繁荣”的支柱，他们将被随机挑选出来，为圣犹大医院筹集2亿美元，该医院免费治疗儿童)”可知，Jared Isaacman捐出剩下的两个席位给公众是为了给一家癌症医院筹集资金。故选B。
8．B
9．D
10．C
11．A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了Taylor创建水下博物馆的初衷以及该项目所造成的积极影响。
8．
细节理解题。根据第二段““The main goal was to bring attention to the fact that our oceans need our help,” Taylor told Dezeen.”（Taylor告诉Dezeen记者:“我们的主要目标是让人们注意到我们的海洋需要我们的帮助。” ）可知水下博物馆旨在提高人们保护海洋的意识。故选B。
9．
细节理解题。根据第三段“Towering over 6-feet-tall and weighing 10 tons, the faces are sectioned into two parts, with the outer part like a mask. The mask indicates that the world’s oceans appear powerful and unbeatable from the surface but house an ecosystem that is extremely fragile to careless human activities.”（这些脸有6英尺高，重达10吨，被分成两部分，外部部分像一个面具。 这幅面具表明，从表面上看，世界上的海洋似乎强大而不可战胜，但它的生态系统对于粗心大意的人类活动来说极其脆弱）可知雕塑的外部看起来像一个面具是为了强调生态系统的敏感性。故选D。
10．
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Though the waters surrounding the sculptures now appear a pristine blue, the seabed was filled with old boat engines, pipes, and other human-made trash when the project began about four years ago. Besides removing the trash, Taylor also restored the area’s seagrass. Just one square meter of the seagrass can generate up to 10 liters of oxygen daily. The seagrass also helps prevent coastal erosion and provides habitats for many ocean creatures.”（虽然雕塑周围的水域现在呈现出一种纯净的蓝色，但当该项目大约四年前开始时，海底充满了旧的船只引擎、管道和其他人造垃圾。 除了清理垃圾，泰勒还恢复了该地区的海草。 仅仅一平方米的海草每天就能产生多达10升的氧气。 海草还有助于防止海岸侵蚀，并为许多海洋生物提供栖息地）可知第四段主要讲了项目做出了哪些恢复努力。故选C。
11．
推理判断题。根据最后一段““The idea of creating an underwater museum was to draw more people underwater and develop a sense of care and protection,” Taylor told Dezeen. “If we threw unwanted waste near a forest, there would be a public outcry. But this is happening every day in our surrounding waters and it largely goes unnoticed.””（Taylor告诉Dezeen的记者:“创建水下博物馆的想法是为了吸引更多的人在水下，并培养一种关心和保护的意识。” “如果我们在森林附近扔垃圾，会引起公众的强烈抗议。 但这种情况每天都在我们周围的水域发生，而且很大程度上被忽视了。” ）可推断出海洋的情况很容易被忽视。故选A。
12．A
13．A
14．D
15．A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。本文主要阐述了传统的食品营养标签对肥胖者的指导作用有限，研究人员提出了PACE（体育活动热量当量）标签系统，这种标签系统能显示燃烧卡路里需要多少分钟或几英里的体力活动。
12．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Instead, they propose a labelling system called ‘physical activity calorie equivalent or expenditure’ (PACE) (体育活动热量当量), which shows how many minutes or miles of physical activity are needed to burn off the calories.(相反，他们提出了一个名为“体育活动热量当量”的标签系统，此标签系统能显示燃烧卡路里需要多少分钟或几英里的体力活动)”可知，PACE标签系统，能从体力活动锻炼角度对食品设定营养标签。因此，与当前的标签相比，可以从PACE标签中获得锻炼建议。故选A项。
13．
词义猜测题。根据第二段该句中从句部分“which compared the impact of PACE labelling with that of other types of food labelling, or with no food labelling at all.(这些研究比较了PACE标签与其他类型食品标签的影响，或者根本没有食品标签的影响)”可推知，划线词所在句which前的句意为“他们收集了之前14项研究的数据”，即划线词“pooled”意为“收集”。因此，第3段中带下划线的单词“pool”的意思可能是A项“collected(收集)”符合题意。故选A项。
14．
细节理解题。根据第四段“A spokesperson for the eating disorder charity Beat said: “We believe that anti-obesity campaigns that focus on weight instead of health are ineffective and that recommending more exercise is an ineffective and over-simplistic approach to a complex problem. Most urgently, public health campaigns must consider people’s mental as well as their physical health, moving from obesity-shaming to evidence-based campaigns that build confidence and support healthy eating.”(饮食失调慈善机构一位发言人Beat说：“我们认为，以体重而不是健康为重点的反肥胖运动是无效的，建议更多的锻炼是一种无效的、过于简单化的解决复杂问题的方法。最紧迫的是，公共卫生运动必须考虑人们的心理和身体健康，从肥胖羞辱转向建立信心和支持健康饮食的循证运动。”)”可知，饮食失调慈善机构一位发言人Beat认为，单纯做更多的锻炼来减肥是无效的，应该从心理和身体健康两个方面入手来解决。因此，从Beat的评论中我们能了解到D项“Obesity is complicated and should be tackled physically and mentally.(肥胖是复杂的，应该从身体和精神上加以解决) ”符合题意，故选D项。
15．
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Confused by food nutrition labels? You’re not alone. Now, researchers have suggested an alternative: labelling the amount and type of exercise needed to burn off the calories(被食品营养标签搞糊涂了？你不是一个人。现在，研究人员提出了另一种选择：标明燃烧卡路里所需的运动量和类型)”以及第二段“Instead, they propose a labelling system called ‘physical activity calorie equivalent or expenditure’ (PACE) (体育活动热量当量), which shows how many minutes or miles of physical activity are needed to burn off the calories.(相反，他们提出了一个名为“体育活动热量当量” 的标签系统，显示燃烧卡路里需要多少分钟或几英里的体力活动。)”可知，本文主要阐述了传统的食品营养标签对肥胖者的指导作用有限，研究人员提出了名为“体育活动热量当量” 的标签系统，此标签系统能显示燃烧卡路里需要多少分钟或几英里的体力活动。因此，这篇文章最好的标题是A 项“PACE: A new labelling option(PACE:一种新的标签选择) ”符合题意。故选A项。
16．G
17．E
18．F
19．A
20．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了家庭教育的流行趋势，以及存在的问题。
【详解】
1.根据空格上一句“The 6-year-old now spends his days with his parents travelling in their newly purchased touring car。”(这个6岁的孩子现在每天都和他的父母一起乘坐他们新买的房车旅行。)可知，这个6岁的孩子现在每天都和父母一起乘坐他们新买的房车旅行。结合下文“said Griffin’s mom”(Griffin的妈妈说)可知，空处应该是描述Griffin的妈妈对此事的谈论，G项“For our family, learning while travelling is of more benefit than going to school”(对我们家来说，边旅行边学习比上学更有益)符合，承接上文。故选G。

2.根据空格上一句“This number has been growing by 3 to 8 percent each year since 2012”(自2012年以来，这个数字以每年3%到8%的速度增长)可知，自2012年以来，这一数目每年以3%至8%的速度增长。结合下文“ranging from parents’ ideas to more practical issues”(从父母的想法到更实际的问题)可知，空处应该描述家庭教育受欢迎有很多原因，E项“That growing popularity can result from a number of things”(越来越受欢迎的原因有很多)符合，承接上文。其中“That growing popularity”指的是上文的“growing by 3 to 8 percent each year”。故选E。
3.根据空格上一句“families who don’t want to tie their children to a set way of learning and school-based issues”(那些不想把自己的孩子束缚在一套固定的学习方式和校园问题上的家庭)可知，一些家庭不想把自己的孩子束缚在一套固定的学习方式和校园问题中，结合下文“There are parents who teach kids at home loosely, and others who do a full homeschool program delivered by tutors and teachers in the home.”(有些父母在家里很自在地教育孩子，还有些父母在家里由家庭教师和家庭教师提供完整的家庭学校课程。)可知，空处应该是描写与校园教育相对应的家庭教育，F项“Homeschooling can also be designed to fit a family’s lifestyle”(家庭教育也可以设计成适合一个家庭的生活方式)符合，引起下文，故选F。
4.根据本段主旨句“But homeschooling isn’t problem-free.”(但是在家教育不是没有问题的。)可知，本段主要讲的是在家上学的问题。结合下文“Besides, your child loses interest and is bored”(此外，你的孩子失去兴趣和无聊)可知，空处应该是描述在家教育的一个问题，A项“Tasks can easily get out of control”(任务很容易失控)是问题之一，承接上文，符合语境。故选A。
5.根据下文“In the early years, parents may consider teaching their own children, but as they advance—or as the child needs classes or other opportunities for socializing—the fees can quickly add up.”(在早期，父母可能会考虑教育自己的孩子，但随着他们的进步，或者孩子需要上课或其他社交机会，学费可能会迅速增加。)可知，本段主要描述的是家庭教育费用会很快增加。所以空处应该是描述在家上学很贵，C项“Homeschooling can also become very expensive”(在家上学也会变得非常昂贵)符合，引起下文，故选C。
21．D
22．B
23．D
24．C
25．A
26．B
27．C
28．B
29．D
30．A
31．B
32．D
33．C
34．A
35．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了在网课期间，很多孩子缺少独立的学习空间，一位名叫Mitch Couch的父亲为自己的孩子打造了课桌，并且捐赠课桌给其他有需要的孩子。
21．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着在线教育在美国生效，家长们注意到许多孩子在家中缺乏学习空间。因此，他们开始忙碌。A. 心烦意乱的；B. 紧张的；C. 小心的；D. 忙碌的。根据下文中的“They built, collected, and donated desks”可知，看到很多孩子在家缺少学习空间，所以父母们开始制作、收集、捐赠课桌，即他们忙碌了起来。故选D项。
22．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们建造、收集和捐赠了课桌，为有需要的孩子们提供了远程学习的便利。A. 使能够；B. 宽松；C. 提供；D. 改变。根据上文中的“lacked learning space at home”以及下文中的“his daughter and son… remote lessons or being bothered” 和“doing better… because they have their own space”可知，父母们的行为让孩子的远程学习容易了些。故选B项。
23．
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在米奇·库奇 (Mitch Couch) 位于加利福尼亚的家中，他的女儿和儿子一直坐在厨房的桌子上远程上课或被打扰。A. 留下；B. 熄灭；C. 四处走动；D. 占用。Couch的孩子在家学习，老是占着餐桌来上远程课程。故选D项。
24．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给了他灵感——他会让它们成为自己的办公桌。A. 机会；B. 方法；C. 灵感；D. 选择。根据下文中的“he would make them their own desks”可知，这给了Couch一个灵感——为孩子们制作自己的课桌。故选C项。
25．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：书桌是儿童尺寸的，简单又便宜，是用木头做的。A. 便宜的；B. 不常见的；C. 稳定的；D. 可回收的。根据下文中的“I spent only $20—significantly less than what stores charge for desks”可知，Couch的课桌体积小巧、制作简单、价格便宜。故选A项。
26．
考查短语词义辨析。句意：但它们起作用了。A. 符合标准；B. 起作用；C. 以身作则；D. 大获成功。do the trick 意为“奏效；起作用”。 故选B项。
27．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为什么不为其他孩子提供单独的学习区来存放他们的用品？A. 分享；B. 获得；C. 储藏；D. 利用。结合语境和生活常识可知，Couch打算给其他孩子提供能用来存放学习用品的课桌。故选C项。
28．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只花了 20 美元——明显低于商店对突然需求的办公桌收取的费用。A. 恩惠；B. 需求；C. 视力；D. 问题。根据上文可知，孩子们在家学习，课桌一下子很抢手。in demand意为“需求大”。 故选B项。
29．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我制作了一个关于书桌制作的视频来指导其他父母。A. 吸引；B. 提醒；C. 说服；D. 指导。根据上文中的“I decided to show others how to build desks”可知，Couch决定展示给别人怎么制作课桌，于是录制了视频来指导其他父母。故选D项。
30．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一家杂货店在网上看到了 Couch 的成就，并表示愿意为他建造更多材料提供资金。A. 成就；B. 捐赠；C. 儿童；D. 上诉。一个食品杂货店老板在网上看到了Couch的成品（即课桌），说如果他愿意制作更多，他就赞助原材料。故选A项。
31．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还联系了当地学校官员以帮助确定有需要的人。A. 感谢；B. 联系；C. 组织；D. 通知。上文提到老板愿意帮忙，到学校可以找到需要书桌的人，应该是联系学校询问哪些人有需要。故选B项。
32．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最初，有 20 张桌子的订单，但很快就增加了至少 50 张。A. 基本上；B. 出人意料地；C. 幸运地是；D. 最初。根据下文中的“but it quickly increased by at least 50”可知，此处表示最初的订单是20张课桌。故选D项。
33．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，Couch 已经非常熟练了——他可以在大约 15 分钟内击倒一个。A. 骄傲的；B. 奉献的；C. 熟练的；D. 准备好的。根据下文中的“he can knock one out in about 15 minutes”可知，Couch现在非常熟练，大约15分钟就能制作好一张课桌。故选C项。
34．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：沙发说父母和学生的感谢信息让他继续前进，分享来自父母的感谢卡，说他们的孩子“做得更好，更专注，因为他们有自己的空间”。A. 欣赏；B. 关心；C. 鼓励；D. 相信。根据下文中的“sharing thank-you cards from parents”可知，来自父母和学生的感激激励着Couch继续坚持下去。故选A项。
35．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：沙发说父母和学生的感谢信息让他继续前进，分享来自父母的感谢卡，说他们的孩子“做得更好，更专注，因为他们有自己的空间”。A. 期待；B. 理解；C. 聚焦；D. 探索。根据第二段中的“being bothered”和常识可知，有了自己的学习空间，孩子们表现更好了，更加专注了。故选C项。
36．have passed
37．with
38．valuable
39．to accept
40．preferring
41．which
42．customers
43．poorer
44．especially
45．it
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了随着科技的发展，现金使用频率降低，政府正在采取措施改变这一现象。
36．
考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，立法者已经通过了一项禁止无现金业务的法案。根据时间状语Up to now可知，此处应用现在完成时（have/has done），表示过去的动作对现在的影响。主语为名词复数，主谓一致。故填have passed。
37．
考查介词。句意：随着世界上许多地方似乎都在不断地用信用卡或数字支付取代现金，纽约市官员认为，现金在我们的生活中仍有重要作用。replace…with…“以（用）……代替……”符合句意，介词with意为“用”。故填with。
38．
考查形容词。句意：随着世界上许多地方似乎都在不断地用信用卡或数字支付取代现金，纽约市官员认为，现金在我们的生活中仍有重要作用。根据后文名词part可知，此处应用value的形容词valuable作定语修饰名词。故填valuable。
39．
考查非谓语动词。句意：官员们批准了禁止商店和餐馆拒收现金的立法。refuse to do sth“拒绝做某事”是固定句式，动词不定式作宾语。故填to accept。
40．
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们希望让那些喜欢通过纸币和硬币等传统方式付款的人更容易购物，这意味着该市的企业将不再能够要求客户使用无现金付款方式。分析可知，此处为非谓语，动词prefer和所修饰的名词people之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作后置定语。故填preferring。
41．
考查定语从句。句意：他们希望让那些喜欢通过纸币和硬币等传统方式付款的人更容易购物，这意味着该市的企业将不再能够要求客户使用无现金付款方式。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面主句部分，关系代词which引导从句，在从句中作主语。故填which。
42．
考查名词复数。句意：他们希望让那些喜欢通过纸币和硬币等传统方式付款的人更容易购物，这意味着该市的企业将不再能够要求客户使用无现金付款方式。可数名词customer前面没有冠词，零冠词可数名词复数表泛指。故填customers。
43．
考查形容词比较级。句意：对无现金企业持批评态度的人说，这些企业歧视比别人穷得多的人。根据后文比较介词than可知，此处形容词poor应用比较级作表语。故填poorer。
44．
考查副词。句意：我担心现实世界中，无现金企业可能会对纽约人造成歧视，尤其是有色人种社区。副词especially通常用来对前面所述的事件进行进一步的说明或补充。此处强调状语in communities of color。故填especially。
45．
考查代词、形式主语。句意：许多人还认为不接受现金是不公平的，因为有些人无法获得信贷。分析可知，think后宾语从句中是it is+形容词+to do sth句型，此处应用代词it作形式主语。故填it。
46．blocked
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词。句意：所有的道路都被大雪堵塞了。根据汉语提示“堵塞”以及前文助动词were可知，此处应用动词block的过去分词blocked和were一起构成一般过去时的被动语态，block和主语之间是被动关系。故填blocked。
47．convenience
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词。句意：住在学校附近是件很便利的事情。根据汉语提示“便利的事情”以及前文不定冠词a可知，此处应用名词单数convenience作表语。故填convenience。
48．claim
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查动词。句意：如果你在度假期间发生意外，你可以向保险索赔。“索赔”应该是claim，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填claim。
【点睛】
49．creative
【解析】
【详解】
考查形容词。句意：当我母亲看到我的作品时，她告诉我我的设计多么有创意。根据汉语提示“有创造力的”以及前文how和后文were可知，此处应用形容词creative由how修饰，作were的表语。故填creative。
50．Approaching
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查动词。句意：接近车辆时，他们看到一名妇女正试图从破碎的窗户中钻出。“接近；走近”是approach；saw是谓语动词，说明不缺谓语，approach应该做非谓语，approach和they是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填Approaching。
51．Dear Sir/ Madam,
The Internet has transformed the world into a global village, altering all aspects of our life, especially education. Here, I am writing to share my thoughts on its positive effect as well as negative one.
The most obvious advantage lies in the wide choice of courses. Learners can have access to the courses tailored for personal needs regardless of time and space. As a result, learning occurs in such an efficient way that gaining knowledge is easier than ever. The downside is just as noticeable. Along with individualized courses, the Internet presents half-truths that puzzle the young minds where self-control and judging power are still forming.
Therefore, I strongly suggest that the use of the Internet should be under supervision of adults. And parents and teachers should provide guidance to ensure it best serves the mental and physical growth of the teens.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给某报社写一封信，就“网络对教育的影响”谈谈考生的看法。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
转换：transform → turn
积极的：positive→ active
困惑：puzzle→ confuse
建议：suggest→ advise
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The Internet has transformed the world into a global village, altering all aspects of our life, especially education.
拓展句：The Internet has transformed the world into a global village, which is altering all aspects of our life, especially education.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】Along with individualized courses, the Internet presents half-truths that puzzle the young minds where self-control and judging power are still forming.（运用了关系代词that、关系副词where引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Therefore, I strongly suggest that the use of the Internet should be under supervision of adults.（运用了that引导宾语从句）
52．Paragraph 1:
That evening we had a party, with a huge basketball-shaped cake. On top of the cake were five candles that read "10, 000". I had never been so proud. My dad made a speech, and many of my friends came to congratulate me. It was when the cake's candles were lit that my dad handed me the paper I had signed on that fateful day at the age of six. I felt tears welling up as I read the words on that paper, each engraved in my heart.
Paragraph 2:
Dad and I held the paper to the candle's flame and watched it slowly burn. Those powerful words that had tied me for nearly 10 years seemed pointless now. The crowd of family and friends gave a great cheer to me. "So, are you going to quit now?" a friend asked. I looked around, staring at the pictures of Michael Jordan, and of me doing basketball practice over the years. Then, without hesitation, I smiled and shook my head. " Never, " I responded.
【解析】
【分析】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者2岁时作者告诉身边的人她要成为下一个迈克尔•乔丹，于是作者的父亲在她6岁时和她签署了一份合同，和作者约定练习篮球要达到10000个小时，最终作者在15岁时实现了这个目标的故事。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
由第一段首句内容“那天晚上我们举行了一个聚会，有一个巨大的篮球形状的蛋糕。”可知，本段应该描绘派对上的情形。结合文章信息可知，这个派对是为了庆祝作者实现目标而举办的，所以本段可能会涉及家人和朋友对作者的祝贺。再根据Paragraph 2的开头可知, 派对上作者的父亲拿出了作者当初签署的合同，所以本段还应该涉及对该情景的描写以及作者看到合同时的感受。
由第二段首句内容“我和父亲把纸放在蜡烛的火焰上, 看着它慢慢燃烧。”可知，作者完成了当初约定的目标, 所以她和父亲烧掉了合同, 由此可推断, 本段应该描述合同被烧掉后, 派对中家人和朋友的反应, 以及作者今后的打算。
2.续写线索：发表演讲——朋友祝贺——递文件——欢呼——朋友问——摇头
3.词汇激活
行为类
①祝贺：congratulate/ felicitate
②环顾四周：look about/ looked around
情绪类
①骄傲：proud/ high-headed
②无意义的：pointless /meaningless
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. It was when the cake's candles were lit that my dad handed me the paper I had signed on that fateful day at the age of six. （运用了强调句和定语从句）
[高分句型2]. I felt tears welling up as I read the words.（由as引导的状语从句）