新人教版选修8高考英语一轮复习Unit2Cloning课件+学案+训练

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Unit 2 单元主题语篇训练AWith only about 1,000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone the animal and save the endangered species. That's a move similar to what a Texas A& M University researchers have been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noah's Ark”．Noah's Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos (胚胎), semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct, Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas A& M's College of Veterinary Medicine, says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.It is estimated that as many as 2,000 species of mammals, birds and reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years. The panda, native only to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal. The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.“The nuclear transfer (核子移植) of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available (capable of being used) panda eggs could be a major problem，” Kraemer believes. “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy (having a baby). It takes a long time and it's difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort，” adds Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Project at Texas A & M, the first­ever attempt at cloning a dog.“They are trying to do something that's never been done, and this is very similar to our work in Noah's Ark. We're both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly appreciate their effort and there's a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. It's a research that is very much needed.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述Noah's Ark探索克隆熊猫的可能性。1．What is the goal of “Noah's Ark” project?A．To save endangered animals from dying out.B．To make efforts to clone the endangered pandas.C．To collect DNA of endangered animals to study.D．To transfer the nuclear of one animal to another.解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句以及第二段最后一句中的“to reintroduce the species in the future”可知，Noah's Ark目标是把濒临灭绝的动物的蛋(卵)、胚胎、精液和DNA储存在液体氮中，如果某一种动物濒临灭绝时，将来可以重现这一动物。故选A。此题C项的干扰性较强。根据第二段最后一句“to reintroduce the species in the future”， Noah's Ark的目标不是研究，而是保护，故排除C项。2．What is the main problem in cloning pandas according to Professor Kraemer?A．The amount of raised money.B．The shortage of host animals.C．The lack of available panda eggs.D．The skill of qualified researchers.解析：选C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“The nuclear transfer (核子移植) of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available (capable of being used) panda eggs could be a major problem”可知，最大的问题是缺少熊猫卵子，故选C。3．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．China's Success in Pandas CloningB．The First Cloned Panda in the WorldC．Exploring the Possibility to Clone PandasD．China — the Native Place of Pandas Forever解析：选C　标题归纳题。根据文章内容，无论是中国还是世界其他国家克隆熊猫都还没有成功，所以排除A、B项；D项内容明显与文章内容不符，故排除。C项“探索克隆熊猫的可能性”适合作这篇文章的标题。4．What can we learn from the passage?A．Scientists try to implant a panda's egg into a rabbit.B．Kraemer and his team have succeeded in cloning a dog.C．Kraemer will work with Chinese scientists in clone researches.D．About two thousand species will probably die out in a century.解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“It is estimated that as many as 2, 000 species of mammals, birds and reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years.”可知应选D。此题A项的干扰性较强，但由于它没有说明是Chinese scientists，所以应排除。BDr. Dian Fossey, one of the world's leading women scientists, had a remarkable career. The work — she devoted her life to protecting and studying the mountain gorillas (大猩猩) of Africa — has proved highly effective and has resulted in the steady (平稳的) increase of this most endangered great apes.Fossey made her first trip to Africa in 1963. Three years later, she returned to Africa to begin a long­time study of the mountain gorillas. She set up camp in the Democratic Republic of Congo but moved to Rwanda because of political reasons in 1967. She established her “Karisoke” Research Centre camp on September 24, 1967.Fossey's aims were to study gorilla ecology (生态学) and social organization.She found that in order to achieve this, she needed to recognize individual gorillas, which required that the gorillas get used to her presence (出现). By copying gorillas' behaviour and sounds, Fossey began to gain their trust, and in 1970 an adult male gorilla she had named “Peanuts” — reached out to touch her hand.Close observations over thousands of hours enabled Fossey to gain the gorillas' trust and bring forth new knowledge about their behaviour. Stories and photographs of her work were published in National Geographic Magazine and elsewhere. In 1977, one of Fossey's favorite gorillas, Digit, was killed by poachers and she established the Digit Fund to help raise money for gorilla protection efforts in the same year.On December 26, 1985, Fossey was murdered while going back to her house in Karisoke. Her body was discovered near the research centre. Most probably, Dian Fossey had been killed by the poachers she'd fought against. On her tombstone (墓碑), “No one loved gorillas more ...”In 1988, the life and the work of Fossey were made into a movie based on her book.语篇解读：本文介绍了Dian Fossey博士及她献身的事业。5．Why does the author say Dr. Dian Fossey “had a remarkable  career”？A．Because she travelled all over the world.B．Because she liked to play with gorillas.C．Because she studied gorilla ecology.D．Because she made great apes increase steadily.解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，她的工作使濒危动物——巨猿的数量得以平稳增长，这是她的非凡成就。6．Which of the following shows the right time order of the events in Fossey's life?a．She established the Digit Fund.b．Her story was shown in a movie.c．She was killed probably by the poachers.d．She established her “Karisoke” centre.A．a，d，c，b　　　　　　　 B．a，c，d，bC．d，c，b，a  D．d，a，c，b解析：选D　细节理解题。Fossey建立Digit Fund是在1977年；她的故事被拍成电影是在1988年；她被杀害是在1985年；她建立Karisoke研究中心是在1967年。由此可知D项的排序是正确的。7．The underlined word “poachers” in Paragraph 5 probably refers to people who        .A．sell drugs against the lawB．hunt animals against the lawC．hate successful peopleD．like to do harm to people解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据最后三段中Fossey建立保护大猩猩的基金及她与poachers进行斗争可知poacher指“偷猎者”。8．From the words on Fossey's tombstone, we can infer that        .A．Fossey was the person who loved gorillas mostB．after Fossey died, no one loves gorillasC．Fossey was the first one to study gorillasD．everybody loves gorillas as Fossey did解析：选A　推理判断题。写在Fossey墓碑上的这句话的意思是“没有人比Fossey更爱大猩猩了”，也就是说Fossey是最热爱大猩猩的人。CHave you ever thought about living in a “green” house, one that is healthy for you and your family and helps conserve the Earth's resources? Some people want to build a new home, renovate an existing one, or make a few changes in their living habits. Every household can do something to support the conservation of the environment and improve our quality of life. As environmental concerns continue to increase worldwide, using more green products into our lives becomes more and more important. There is growing interest in green living, and the possibilities for achieving it in our homes are rapidly expanding. Our company's website www.ghouseabc.com can show you more about that.Because buildings need enormous quantities of the Earth's resources in their construction and daily operation, they offer many opportunities for new eco­friendly design as well as cost savings. The Green House shows the combination of architecture, interior­design, and environmental responsibility. Home is where going green begins — where we as individuals have the power to set a new course for a brighter future. If you are interested in these “green” houses, please contact us and our company will send you more information about them. And we're sure you'll have a surprise.E­mail：ghouseabc @126.comPhone：3567218/3567219Fax：3390231语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了有关“Green House”的相关内容，意在宣传推销自己的产品。9．The main purpose of the passage is to         .A．remind people to protect the environmentB．ask people to buy a “green” houseC．give a brief introduction of the “green” houseD．express the writer's own opinion about the environment解析：选B　写作意图题。文章主要介绍了“green” house以及与之相关的一些内容，其目的在于让人们买他们的产品。10．From the passage, we can learn that the Green House shows         .A．only interior­design and outer appearance of the buildingB．the combination of architecture and environmental importanceC．the importance of the Green MovementD．the combination of architecture, interior­design解析：选D　细节理解题。第二段第二句指出the Green House展现了“architecture, interior­design, and environmental responsibility”的结合。11．The underlined word “eco­friendly” in Paragraph 2 probably means “        ”．A．friendly to peopleB．good for the design of buildingsC．good for the environmentD．friendly to the Green House解析：选C　词义猜测题。eco­是个前缀，意为“环境的，生态的”，eco­friendly的表面意思是“对生态环境友好的”，也就是“有益于生态环境的”。故选C项。12．How many ways can you use to get more information about the products?A．1.　　　　　　　　　 B．2.C．3.  D．4.解析：选D　细节理解题。第一段最后一句有公司的网址，文章结尾有3种联系方式，因此共有4种方法。tips 利用构词法解词义猜测题合成、派生和转化是英语单词的三种构词法，是单词形成的规律，根据构词规律可以准确猜测单词意思。(1)合成法。合成法是指两个或多个单词按照一定的规律结合在一起，形成一个新的单词。一般来说，合成词的意思就是各个组成词的意思的综合。例如：overestimate是由over(大于)和estimate(估计)组合成的新单词，它的意思是：高估。(2)派生法。派生法是通过在基础根上添加前缀或者后缀来构造新词。一般来说，前缀改变词义不改变词性，而后缀改变词性不改变词义。常见的前缀有：①表示否定或者相反意思的前缀dis­， un­， im­， in­， ir­， il­， non­， mis­等用在单词的前面，往往构成原单词的反义词。如：correct→incorrect, legal→illegal, like→unlike等。②表示“又，再，重新” 的前缀re­，如：rebuild重建，reapply重新申请。③表示“和……一起，共同”的前缀co­，如：co­worker同事，合作者。④表示“过于”的前缀over­，如overuse使用过度，overjoyed欣喜若狂。⑤表示“超级，极”的前缀super­，如：supermarket超级市场，superpower超级大国。例如上文C篇阅读中第11小题，eco­是个前缀，意为“环境的，生态的”，eco­friendly的表面意思是“对生态环境友好的”，也就是“有益于生态环境的”。(3)转化法。把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。如：“He insisted on staying up to nurse the child.”中的nurse原为名词“护士”，转化为动词“护理，看护”。