2022年人教版九年级中考英语语法专题--动名词解析学案

2022年人教版九年级中考英语语法专题动名词动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如：a walking stick =a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walkinga washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washinga reading room=a room for reading=a room which is used for readinga measuring tape=a tape for measuring=a tape which is used for measuringsleeping pills=pills for sleeping=pills which is used for sleeping动名词作定语时，在句子中通常有两个位置：如果是单个的动名词作定语，常放在被修饰的名词前面作前置定语;如果是动名词短语作定语，则放在被修饰名词的后面，作后置定语。1.动名词作定语，说明被修饰词的性质、特征或用途。如：He may be in the reading room.他可能在阅览室里。They set up an operating table.他们搭起一个手术台。2.动名词作定语，表示其与被修饰词之间为主动关系，并且表示动作正在进行。如：There are about 200 students studying in this school.大约有200个学生在这个学校学习。Who is the woman talking to our English teacher?正在和我们英语老师谈话的那个女人是谁?3.有些动名词已经转化成了形容词，常用作定语修饰物，表示“令人……”：exciting, shocking, puzzling, confusing, disappointing, discouraging, boring, tiring, moving, touching, interesting, satisfying, frightening, amazing等。如：That must be a terrifying experience.那肯定是一次可怕的经历。The experiment was an amazing success.那实验是一个惊人的成功。注意：如果动名词与被修饰词之间是被动关系，就要用它的被动式being done，通常表示正在被做，常作后置定语。如：The tall building being built now is our new school.正在被修建的那建筑是我们的新学校。That question being discussed was presented by the headmaster.正在被讨论的那个问题是校长提出来的。动名词的否定式是将否定词not置于动名词之前。若动名词为完成式或被动式，否定词not应置于整个结构之前。具体详解如下：一、动名词一般式的否定式动名词一般式的否定式是将否定词not置于动名词之前。例如：Our problem is not having sufficient raw material.我们的问题是原料不足。His not coming made everyone present very disappointed.他没来使在场的每个人都很失望。Not being punctual makes him unreliable.不准时使人觉得他不可靠。Not being tall is not a serious disadvantage in life.个子不高不是人生中的严重缺陷。二、动名词完成式的否定式若动名词为完成式，否定词not应置于整个结构之前。如：Don't be angry with me for not having written.我没给你写信请别生我的气。Execuse me not having answered your letter before.没有更早回信请原谅。I apologize for not having kept my promise.我没遵守诺言向你表示歉意。三、动名词被动式的否定式若动名词为被动式，否定词not应置于整个结构之前。如：He doesn't like not being taken seriously.他不喜欢被人不严肃对待。As far as he's concerned.it's not doing something wrong that matters,but not being caught doing something wrong.就他而论，重要的不是做错事，而是做错事不被抓住。四、动名词复合结构的否定式动名词复合结构带有逻辑主语，否定词应置于逻辑主语之后。如：I'm surprised at your not having noticed.你竟未注意到我感到吃惊。I understand your not wanting to discuss the matter.我理解你为什么不愿讨论这件事。The trouble was their not being able to agree among themselves.麻烦的是他们自己不能取得一致的意见。Jenny's not having been trained as a dancer is her one regret.杰妮没受过舞蹈的专业训练是她感到遗憾的事。动名词固定搭配28个1. practice doing sth. 练习做某事I practice playing the piano twice a week.我每周练习两次弹钢琴。2. consider doing sth. 考虑做某事I consider waiting a bit longer before I give up.我考虑放弃之前再等待一段时间。3. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事I enjoy playing basketball.我喜欢打篮球。4. finish doing sth. 完成做某事 Let's finish doing the work together.让我们一起完成工作吧。5. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事My father has  given up smoking.我爸爸已经戒烟了。6. imagine doing sth. 想象做某事I can't imagine marrying such a woman.我不能想象娶了这样一个女人。 7. keep doing sth. 一直做某事I kept studying English for 1 hour yesterday evening.昨天晚上，我一直学了1小时英语。8. put off doing sth. 推迟做某事Sometimes students put off doing their homework until the last minute.有时学生们会拖延到最后一分钟才做作业。9. risk doing sth. 冒险做某事To win the gamble,he risked losing 100 dollars.为了赢这场赌局,他冒了失去100美元的风险。10. suggest doing sth. 建议做某事I suggest traveling abroad next month. 我建议下个月出国旅行。11. admit doing sth. 承认做某事 He admitted making the mistake.他承认犯了错误。12. advise doing sth. 建议做某事He advises going to see a movie.他建议去看电影。13. allow doing sth. 允许做某事We don't allow smoking in the classroom.我们不允许在班里吸烟。 14. appreciate doing sth. 感谢做某事We shall appreciate hearing from you again.我们恭候佳音。15. avoid doing sth. 避免做某事Try to avoid drinking and smoking.尽量避免喝酒和抽烟。16. delay doing sth. 拖延做某事Why have you delayed writing to him?你为什么迟迟不给他写回信？17. deny doing sth. 否认做某事John denied signing the contract.约翰否认签了合同。18. discuss doing sth. 讨论做某事I like to discuss doing sports with my friends.我喜欢和我朋友讨论体育运动。19. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事He dislikes dancing in public.他不喜欢在公众场合跳舞。20. escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事He escaped being killed.他没有被杀。21. excuse doing sth. 原谅做某事  He can't excuse coming late for work.他不能原谅上班迟到。22. fancy doing sth. 想象/喜爱做某事Are you fancy buying some food with me?你愿不愿意和我一起去买点吃的?23. forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事They forbid parking here.他们禁止在这里停车。24. mention doing sth. 提及做某事  He mentioned watching TV.他提到了看电视。25. mind doing sth. 介意做某事Would you mind opening window?你介意开窗户吗？26. miss doing sth. 错过做某事 The thief missed being caught yesterday.那小偷昨天没能被抓住。27. permit doing sth. 允许做某事We do not permit smoking in the office.在我们的办公室里不准吸烟。28. prohibit doing sth. 禁止/阻止做某事They prohibit smoking in public.他们禁止在公共场合吸烟。