2021届高考英语复习之真题阅读词块与阅读练习（五十四）含答案详解学案

这是一份2021届高考英语复习之真题阅读词块与阅读练习（五十四）含答案详解学案，共12页。
一：真题试做
In the 1960s，while studying the vlcanic histry f Yellwstne Natinal Park，Bb Christiansen became puzzled abut smething that，ddly，had nt trubled anyne befre：he culdn't find the park's vlcan. It had been knwn fr a lng time that Yellwstne was vlcanic in nature — that's what accunted fr all its ht springs and ther steamy features. But Christiansen culdn't find the Yellwstne vlcan anywhere.
Mst f us，when we talk abut vlcanes，think f the classic cne（圆锥体）shapes f a Fuji r Kilimanjar，which are created when erupting magma（岩浆）piles up. These can frm remarkably quickly. In 1943，a Mexican farmer was surprised t see smke rising frm a small part f his land. In ne week he was the cnfused wner f a cne five hundred feet high. Within tw years it had tpped ut at almst furteen hundred feet and was mre than half a mile acrss. Altgether there are sme ten thusand f these vlcanes n Earth，all but a few hundred f them extinct. There is，hwever，a secnd les knwn type f vlcan that desn't invlve muntain building. These are vlcanes s explsive that they burst pen in a single big crack，leaving behind a vast hle，the caldera. Yellwstne bviusly was f this secnd type，but Christiansen culdn't find the caldera anywhere.
Just at this time NASA decided t test sme new high-altitude cameras by taking phtgraphs f Yellwstne. A thughtful fficial passed n sme f the cpies t the park authrities n the assumptin that they might make a nice blw-up fr ne f the visitrs' centers. As sn as Christiansen saw the phts，he realized why he had failed t spt the caldera; almst the whle park-2.2 millin acres—was caldera. The explsin had left a hle mre than frty miles acrss—much t huge t be seen frm anywhere at grund level. At sme time in the past Yellwstne must have blwn up with a vilence far beynd the scale f anything knwn t humans.
58. What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellwstne？
A. Its cmplicated gegraphical features.
B. Its ever-lasting influence n turism.
C. The mysterius histry f the park.
D. The exact lcatin f the vlcan.
59. What des the secnd-paragraph mainly talk abut？
A. The shapes f vlcanes.
B. The impacts f vlcanes.
C. The activities f vlcanes.
D. The heights f vlcanes.
60. What des the underlined wrd "blw-up" in the last paragraph mst prbably mean？
A. Ht-air balln.B. Digital camera.
C. Big phtgraph.D. Bird's view.
参考答案：BAC
二：词块梳理
1：vlcanic
英[vɒlˈkænɪk] 美[vɑːlˈkænɪk]
adj. 火山的；猛烈的；暴烈的
双语例句
1.The sample cnsisted f pebbles f gypsum and fragments f vlcanic rck.
这个样本由石膏鹅卵石和火山岩碎块组成.
2.Scientists think that all the vlcanic activity culd cause the island t cme t the surface.
科学家相信所有的火山活动将导致这个岛屿升到海面上.
3.Xiangshan Uranium re field is a famus Vlcanic type hydrthermal uranium re field.
相山铀矿田是我国著名的火山岩型热液铀矿田.
2：natinal
英[ˈnæʃnəl] 美[ˈnæʃnəl]
adj. 国家的；民族的；国有的
n. 国民
变形
复数：natinals
双语例句
1.The Natinal Party Cngress shall be cnvened every five years.
党的全国代表大会每五年举行一次.
2.A lt f natinal parks lie in the areas inhabited by minrity natinality peple.
许多国家公园都位于少数民族聚居的地方.
3.Several new plays will be perfrmed n Natinal Day.
国庆日将上演几个新戏.
3：puzzled
英[ˈpʌzld] 美[ˈpʌzld]
adj. 困惑的，糊涂的，茫然的
v. ( puzzle的过去式)使迷惑，使难解
双语例句
1.She was puzzled ver the decisin.
她觉得这个决定难以理解.
2.The cmplexity f the rad map puzzled me.
错综复杂的公路图把我搞糊涂了.
3.I'm puzzled abut this situatin.
我对这种情况感到迷惑.
4：truble
英[ˈtrʌbl] 美[ˈtrʌbl]
n. 问题，麻烦，困难；苦恼；疾病，疼痛；故障；纷争，骚乱；不便
v. 使烦恼，使忧虑；麻烦，打扰；费心，劳神；使疼痛
变形
过去分词：trubled
现在分词：trubling
过去式：trubled
复数：trubles
第三人称单数：trubles
双语例句
1.May I truble yu t pass n a message t her?
烦您给她捎个信儿.
2.We had a lt f truble levering the rts ut.
我们在撬树根时遇到了很多麻烦.
3.The car's gt sme srt f engine truble again.
车子的引擎又出了什么故障.
5：nature
英[ˈneɪtʃə(r)] 美[ˈneɪtʃər]
n. 自然；天性；天理；类型
变形
复数：natures
双语例句
1.The autumn mn has always been a favurite with pets and lvers f nature.
秋月向来受到诗人和热爱大自然的人们的宠爱.
2.Many pets and artists have drawn their inspiratin frm nature.
许多诗人和艺术家从大自然中获得灵感.
3.His request was in the nature f a cmmand.
他的请求好像是命令.
6：accunt
英[əˈkaʊnt] 美[əˈkaʊnt]
n. 账号；账目，账单；赊购；描述，解释；老主顾
v. 认为是；解释
变形
过去分词：accunted
现在分词：accunting
过去式：accunted
复数：accunts
第三人称单数：accunts
双语例句
1.On this accunt we shuld be mre cautius n this vyage.
以此,我们应该在这次航行中格外小心谨慎.
2.Witnesses attested his accunt.
几名证人都证实了他的陈述是真实的.
3.There is nt the least element f truth in his accunt f what happened.
他对所发生的事情的叙述没有一点真实性.
7：feature
英[ˈfiːtʃə(r)] 美[ˈfiːtʃər]
n. 特征；五官；特写；正片，故事片
v. 以…为特色；由…主演；以…为主要内容；占重要地位
变形
过去分词：featured
现在分词：featuring
过去式：featured
复数：features
第三人称单数：features
双语例句
1.The predminant feature f his character was pride.
他的性格中主要的特点是骄傲.
2.Her eyes are her best feature.
她的眼睛是她容貌最美的一部分.
3.The magazine makes a feature f children's stries.
该杂志以刊登儿童故事为特色.
8：classic
英[ˈklæsɪk] 美[ˈklæsɪk]
adj. 典型的，经典的；典雅的，古朴的；老式的；第一流的；不足为奇的
n. 经典作品；典范；古典文化
变形
复数：classics
双语例句
1.The ftball match was a classic.
那场足球比赛堪称典范.
2.The nvel is regarded as ne f the classic wrks.
这篇小说被公认为是最优秀的作品之一.
3.It is a classic case f malnutritin.
这是营养不良的典型病例.
9：erupt
英[ɪˈrʌpt] 美[ɪˈrʌpt]
v. 喷发；爆发；（感情）迸发；（斑疹等）突然出现
变形
过去分词：erupted
现在分词：erupting
名词：eruptin
过去式：erupted
第三人称单数：erupts
双语例句
1.B : The vlcan may erupt and then there will be earthquakes. Is she nt afraid?
火山也许会爆发,引发地震, 难道她不怕 吗 ?
2.A reginal cnflict wuld erupt int vilent warfare.
地区性冲突会演变成一场大战.
3.Objective : T study the erupt directin and develpment f the third mlars f the adlescents.
目的: 研究青少年第三磨牙发育程度及萌出方向.
10：remarkably
英[rɪˈmɑː(r)kəbli] 美[rɪˈmɑrkəbli]
adv. 引人注目地，明显地，非常地；格外；出乎意料地
变形
形容词：remarkable
双语例句
1.Yet despite their ubiquity remarkably few nn ? engineers have heard the wrd " embedded " used in this cntext.
放眼望去,可以肯定,你会很快在你的家中发现几十个嵌入式系统,在你身上至少也能发现几个.
2.Thus, the sensing range f the memry cell can be remarkably imprved.
通过该读取操作, 存储单元的感测范围可以显著地改善.
3.Ratinal and effective measures will be taken t expand educatin lans remarkably.
采取合理有效的措施,促进国家助学贷款大幅度增加.
11：cnfuse
英[kənˈfjuːz] 美[kənˈfjuːz]
v. 混淆，使困惑；搅乱，难以理解
变形
过去分词：cnfused
现在分词：cnfusing
过去式：cnfused
第三人称单数：cnfuses
双语例句
1.Let's nt cnfuse the tw.
让我们不要将这两者混淆起来.
2.Peple are apt t cnfuse the tw issues.
人们容易把这两个问题混淆起来.
3.After all, he can nly really cnfuse the situatin.
毕竟, 他只能把情况越弄越乱.
12：extinct
英[ɪkˈstɪŋkt] 美[ɪkˈstɪŋkt]
adj. 灭绝的；废除了的；（火山）死的
双语例句
1.This dependency between fssil and living types is well illustrated when we deal with extinct grups.
化石与现存类型之间的这种依赖关系在我们研究绝灭类群时是十分明显的.
2.Because dinsaurs are extinct the scientists had very little t g n.
因为恐龙已经灭绝,科学家几乎无法研究.
3.Accrdingly, sme species becme extinct.
因此, 一些种变成熄灭.
13：explsive
英[ɪkˈspləʊsɪv] 美[ɪkˈsplʊsɪv]
n. 炸药，爆炸物
adj. （易）爆炸的；爆发（性）的；突增的；暴躁的
变形
副词：explsively
复数：explsives
双语例句
1.The cncept, classificatin, mde and analysis technique f initiating explsive device failure are addressed.
论述了火工品失效分析的概念 、 分类 、 失效模式及失效分析技术.
2.Tw cars hit each ther vilently. The explsive sund frightened all the pupils.
两辆车猛烈相撞, 那(像)爆炸性的声音惊吓到了所有的小学生.
3.We were cmparatively safe frm high explsive, as the angle was t acute.
我们不会被大爆炸伤到, 因为我们处的位置和烈性炸药呈很小的锐角.
14：bviusly
英[ˈɒbviəsli] 美[ˈɑːbviəsli]
adv. 明显地﹐显而易见地
变形
比较级：mre bviusly
最高级：mst bviusly
双语例句
1.Obviusly ecnmic frces rule.
很显然经济力量起决定作用.
2.This was bviusly a reasnable suggestin; it desn't, hwever, find favr with the men.
很明显这是一个合理的建议, 然而这些人不赞成.
3.Obviusly he was lying.
显然他是在撒谎.
15：altitude
英[ˈæltɪtjuːd] 美[ˈæltɪtuːd]
n. 海拔；高地
变形
复数：altitudes
双语例句
1.We're presently at an altitude f 28, 000 feet ascending t ur cruising altitude f 35, 000 feet.
我们现在的高度是两万八千尺, 正往三万五千尺的巡航高度爬升.
2.T fly a plane circling at altitude cmbat with the enemy f the game.
驾驶飞机在高空与敌人盘旋战斗的游戏.
3.The plane flew t a very high altitude.
飞机飞行到了一个非常的高度.
三：阅读训练
Mst dg wners are cnvinced that their fur-legged friends knw exactly what they mean when they use certain wrds like “sit” “stay” r “treat”. Hwever, researchers have always wndered whether dgs really understand human speech r if they rely n ther infrmatin t get the meaning. Fr example, des the wrd“fetch” frm a picture f a stick r a ball in the dg’s mind, r des the dg bring back the bject based n the wner’s vice r gesture?A new study by scientists at Atlanta’s Emry University seems t indicate that “man’s best friend” des indeed knw what the wner is saying.
The researchers began by asking the wners f twelve dgs f varius kinds t train their pets t identify tw tys f different materials, such as a ty animal and a ball. Once the dgs had mastered the task, they tk turns inside a special scanner. The wners then tested their dgs’ language skill by first calling ut the names f the tys they had been trained t recgnize and then saying meaningless wrds such as “bbbu” and “bdmick” while hlding up randm bjects the dgs hadn’t seen befre.
The scans suggested that the parts f the dgs’ brains respnsible fr prcessing sunds shwed different brain patterns when they heard wrds they were familiar with, cmpared with the nes they had never heard befre. While that was nt enugh t prve that the dgs were picturing their tys when they heard the wrds, it did indicate sme srt f recgnitin. The researchers believe this is an imprtant step in understanding hw dgs prcess language.
Smething even mre interesting was that the dgs’ brains shwed a higher level f neural(神经的) activity at the sund f unknwn wrds. This is the exact ppsite f what happens in human brains, which get mre active at the sund f familiar wrds. The researchers say the dgs may becme cheerful at the sund f new wrds t try t understand them in the hpe f delighting their masters. “Dgs want t please their wners, and perhaps als want t receive praise r fd,” says Emry neurscientist Gregry Berns, senir authr f the study.
Hwever, thugh yur pet may understand human speech, the scientists recmmend using visual signals and smell fr training. “When peple want t teach their dg a trick, they ften use spken cmmands because that’s what we humans prefer,” Prichard says. “Frm the dg’s view, hwever, a visual cmmand might be mre effective, helping the dg learn the trick faster.”
1.What’s the purpse f the new study?
A.T cnvince dg wners t understand their dgs.
B.T advise dg wners t treat their dgs kindly.
C.T prve that dgs fllw wners’ rder by listening.
D.T test ut hw dgs get infrmatin frm wners.
2.What des the authr intend t d in Paragraph 2?
A.Infrm the result f the research.
B.State the prcess f the research.
C.Stress the imprtance f the research.
D.Intrduce the subjects f the research.
3.Hw d human brains and dg brains react t wrds?
A.Human brains becme active in unfamiliar wrds.
B.Dg brains becme delighted at unfamiliar wrds.
C.Human brains are nt sensitive t familiar wrds.
D.Dg brains shw n respnse t familiar wrds.
4.What d scientists advise the wners t d in dg training?
A.Give dgs ral cmmands.
B.Teach dgs new tricks.
C.Invlve sight and smell.
D.Encurage faster learning.
答案
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段尾句“A new study by scientists at Atlanta’s Emry University seems t indicate that‘man’s best friend’ des indeed knw what the wner is saying.”可知,亚特兰大埃默里大学的科学家进行的一项新研究似乎表明“人类最好的朋友”确实知道主人在说什么,并结合全文可知,该研究的目的是测试狗是如何理解主人的话的,故D项正确。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“The researchers began by asking the wners f twelve dgs f varius kinds t train their pets t identify tw tys f different materials, such as a ty animal and a ball.”并结合该段内容可知,该段主要介绍了研究的过程,包括让不同品种的狗识别不同材料的玩具等,据此可知,该段旨在介绍研究的过程,故B项正确。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第四段前两句“Smething even mre is the exact ppsite f what happens in human brains, which get mre active at the sund f familiar wrds.”可知,对于不熟悉的词语,狗的大脑呈现出高水平的神经活动,而人类的大脑则相反,故B项正确。
4.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Hwever, thugh yur pet may understand human speech, the scientists recmmend using visual signals and smell fr training.”可知,尽管狗可能理解人类的语言,但科学家们建议使用视觉信号和嗅觉来训练它们,故C项正确。目录
内容
第一部分
高考真题试做
第二部分
真题词块解析
第三部分
模拟题训练