2022届优质校一模试卷专题汇编5 七选五 解析版


专题 5
××

七选五






常考题型

题型
考查年份
关联知识点
标题类选项
2021全国甲卷
2021浙江卷
2020全国卷II
篇章结构；空格类型和特点
半句话类选项
2018全国卷I
半句话类型
整句话类选项
2021全国乙卷
2020全国卷III
涉及词汇、指代、句型重复等

方法点拨

考向一 标题类选项
【典例】
【2021全国甲卷七选五】
Swap, Don’t shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources（资源）to make, and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor? ____16____. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection.…
●____18____. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room….
●Set a starting time.…
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【答案】G
【解析】根据下文“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.”（他们还应该准备大量的可重复使用的袋子，把他们的“新”衣服带回家。）说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣服”准备袋子。G项“Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition.”（告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣服。）说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服，其中的bring和下文中carry相对，都是为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词，并且其中They指代G项的everyone。所以G项符合语境。故选G项。
【思路点拨】
1. 判断篇章结构
整体观察篇章，会发现其结构式典型的总分结构，第一段总结，后面几段都是分类讲解。
You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper.…自问自答形式引入话题。

2. 判断空格类型和特点
(1) 空格前有原点。根据前后段落的原点，可以判断此类题型是标题类。
(2) 判断标题类型。根据前后段落的原点：Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection.和Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.会发现两个特点：
a. 动词原形开头
b. 长短不一

3. 根据空格类型和特点，寻找对应的答案
(1) 动词原形开头的答案是B，E，F，G四个选项。
(2) 选项确定关键词：
B. Hold a clothing swap
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition

4. 根据空格后内容关键词确定答案
空格后内容关键词：They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
观察后面的句子，后句开头是指代词“they”，那说明标题应该有they的具体指代，这样排除B, E选项，在根据后面also和carry一词，同义应该是bring。故确定答案G。

5. 验证答案
把G选项带入，看看意思和逻辑是否通顺。通顺即准确答案。告诉大家把干净的衣服完好地带来，他们还应该准备大量可重复使用的袋子，把“新”衣服带回家。
意思和逻辑合情合理，即准确答案。

考向二 半句话类选项
【典例】
【2018全国卷I七选五】
Color is fundamental in home design—something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
A. While all of them are useful
B. Whatever you’re looking for
C. If you’re experimenting with a color
D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with
E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
【答案】B
【解析】上文提到，Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?你想要一间充满活力的房间吗？职业化的？还是在寻找一处忙碌了一整天后放松的地方？可知，接下来将是对上文的总结，无论你找什么样的房间，颜色是关键。且选项B中的looking for和上文的want和looking for相呼应。
【思路点拨】
1. 判断是半句话类型
根据空格后面的逗号，可以判断是半句话类型的题型。

2. 判断选项中哪些是半句话
半句话就不是一个句子，它可以是从句，非谓语短语，介词短语的结构。所以选项中只有A，B，C是半句话类，这样可以确定36空格答案就在A，B，C三个选项中。
A. While all of them are useful（时间状语从句）
B. Whatever you’re looking for（让步状语从句）
C. If you’re experimenting with a color（条件状语从句）

3. 根据空格前后确定答案
空格前后Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
A选项中them和空格前面的三个问句不相符合，并且与前面的问句a place不符合，排除。color is the key to making a room和B选项很吻合，无论你想要什么，颜色都是最重要的。C选项中很明显与后半句没办法衔接。故选B

4. 验证答案
把B选项带入，看看前后是否通顺，符合逻辑。验证答案是很重要的一步，它很容易能检测出来所选答案是否准确。

考向三 整句话类选项
技巧一：词汇重复
【典例】
【2018全国卷II七选五】
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out.… Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.
● Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.…
● Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. 38 If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
A. You will stick to your diet.
B. Your quality of sleep improves.
C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.
F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up!
【答案】F
【解析】38题的上一句说的是，晨练有利于新陈代谢，下一句说的是晨练能帮助消耗卡路里，因此F句“锻炼后，这一天里你将继续消耗卡路里”符合逻辑，因此选F。
【思路点拨】
● Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. 38 If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
A. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
词汇对应：
1. calorie (卡路里)对应calories
2. in the mornings和for the whole day对应throughout the day

技巧二：指代重复
【典例】
【2019全国卷I七选五】
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
…It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood（情绪）. Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【答案】C
【解析】从本段的in these places一直到此空前，作者描述了接近大自然的患者康复更快，再结合此空后“这给了我们平和宁静”可知，此处应为总结句，描述大自然的作用，因此选C。
【思路点拨】
Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
思路步骤一：
根据空格后it和us可以确定空格应该是单数可数名词或不可数名词为主语，后应该是和我们有关。那么可以锁定选项A和C
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
思路步骤二：
根据空格前内容tree branches和buildings or sky，可知是自然环境带给人的好处，故选C
思路步骤三：
将选项C带入验证，可知是正确的。

技巧三：句型重复
【典例】
【2019全国卷III七选五】
Don'ts
•Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do’s and don’ ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
【答案】C
【解析】根据上一句if you are in need of … the professor可知，如果你想延长截止日期，简明地向教授说明情况即可。通过以上推断，如果想了解更多信息，他们会问你，即选项C符合语境。
【思路点拨】
If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39
思路步骤一：
根据空格前的句型，if+祈使句。看选项，C正好也是此句型。
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
思路步骤二：
将选项C带入验证，可知逻辑和意思表达正好衔接，所以是正确选项。

技巧四：问句回答
【典例】
【2019全国卷I七选五】
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air”. 36 According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【答案】E
【解析】根据本段第一句话“人们总是让我们出去呼吸新鲜空气”和空格后一句“回答是肯定的”可知此处应填入一个一般疑问句，即“新鲜空气果真如妈妈总说的那样好吗？”

【思路点拨】
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air”. 36 According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.
思路步骤一：
根据空格后关键词，the answer is a big YES，可知，空格处用填一般疑问句。疑问句选项B，E，只有E是一般疑问句。
B. So what are you waiting for?
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
思路步骤二：
将选项E带入验证，可知逻辑和意思表达正好衔接，所以是正确选项。

技巧五：逻辑关系
【典例】
【2016全国卷III七选五】
Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 36 But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult.…
A. Do not buy it.
B. The easiest is to steam it.
C. This is how you can do it.
D. It just requires a little knowledge.
E. The fish will go bad within hours.
F. When buying fish, you should first smell it.
G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.
【答案】G
【解析】第一句“Everyone knows that fish is good for health.”是总写，But是转折，说明前面一句是对第一句的解释，G项“鱼中的脂肪有助于预防心脏病”符合语境。故选G。

【思路点拨】

逻辑关系包括：并列，递进，因果，转折等等。
Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 36 But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home.
思路步骤一：
根据空格后转折词but，many people don’t cook fish at home，可知，空格处应该需要填写鱼的好处，或者家里需要做鱼。可知只有B和G合适。
B. The easiest is to steam it.
G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.
思路步骤二：
将选项B和G带入验证，可知逻辑和意思表达其实都是可以的，这时就要考虑到是否有其他选项更适合B或G。
思路步骤三：
38 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh. 39 When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one.
There are many common methods used to cook fish. 40 First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices (调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it’s ready to serve.
这时会发现，40空更适合选项B，故36题选G。

试题汇编

山东省临沂市高三4月一模
Life in Death Valley
Death Valley is a huge place, extending more than 225 kilometers across the southern part of California into the neighboring state of Nevada. As beautiful as this place is, its name provides evidence of very real danger.
___1___It has nearly 1.4 million hectares of desert and mountains that reach more than 3,000 meters into the sky. Death Valley can be dangerously cold during the winter months. Storms in the mountains can cause sudden floods on the floor of the valley. But, during summer months, the air temperature has been as high as 57 degrees Celsius. ___2___ The extreme heat of Death Valley has once killed people.
In many areas of Death Valley, it is easy to see where the ground has been pushed up violently by movement deep in the Earth. This has created unusual and beautiful rock formations, with colors of red, brown, gray, yellow and black. In other parts of Death Valley, there are lines in the rock. The lines are evidence of the past presence of water. ___3___.
Much of Death Valley is flat and extremely dry. In some areas the ground is nothing but salt. However, it would be wrong to think that nothing lives in Death Valley. ___4___ Wildflowers grow very quickly after even a small amount of rain. Several kinds of birds live in Death Valley. Visitors might see the dog-1ike animal called the coyote, or wild bighorn sheep, or other animals like the desert tortoise.
Throughout history, Native Americans found ways to survive in Death Valley. Rock art and other remains show that humans lived in the valley as far back as 9, 000 years ago. Nowadays, more than one million people visit it each year. ___5___ The sun slowly turns the valley a gold color that deepens to a soft brown, then changes to a dark red. As night comes, the mountains turn a dark purple color, then black.
A. The valley is full of life.
B. The setting sun is visitors’ favorite.
C. Images here seem to change each minute.
D. Death Valley, is a place of strange and silent beauty.
E. Death Valley doesn’t forgive those who are not careful.
F. Death Valley is a land of beautiful yet dangerous extremes.
G. The area was deep under an ocean for many thousands of years.

辽宁省辽阳市2020届高三一模考试
How Not to Annoy Wild Animals at National Parks
National parks are a treasure that offer the chance to view native plants and animals in their natural habitat. However, as the number of visitors and wildlife populations increases, humans and animals too often find themselves in close distance. ____1____
Remember that the animals living in national parks are wild. Wild animals can be unpredictable and in national parks and many state parks, they are not contained. ____2____ Never think that it is safe to approach them.
____3____ Stop by the visitor’s center and take the time to read about the types of wildlife in the park and what to expect. The park service posts these signs to protect you and the wildlife. So, if you see the warning signs, take care.
Make sure you give animals space. The general rule is to keep 25 yards away from all wildlife, and a minimum of 100 yards away from wolves and bears. ____4____ If you’re out hiking and you encounter wildlife, stick your thumb out and hold it out at eye level. If your thumb covers the entire animal, you’re a safe distance away from that animal.
Some wild animals look adorable and maybe you think handing them a snack or two won’t hurt. ____5____ Feeding wildlife is a bad idea and you risk getting a bite. Plus people food is not healthy for animals and it makes them learn that people aren’t the threat. This becomes a vicious cycle (恶性循环) that results in people getting too close and getting hurt. Wildlife have all they need to eat in their environment.
A. But don’t do it.
B. You can follow the “rule of thumb”.
C. In national parks, there are warning signs everywhere.
D. At certain times of the year, wildlife can be more lovely.
E. So it’s important to know how to respect wildlife and stay safe.
F. In another words they go anywhere within the park as they please.
G. You should always pack up food after a picnic stop or at the campground.

安徽省合肥市高考一模
Apologizing the Right Way to a Friend
Why are apologies so difficult? Saying you are sorry can be one of the most difficult things you do. But we all make mistakes, so you'll probably have an occasion when you need to apologize.
Perhaps you had a big blow up and realized later you reacted poorly. _____1_____ Whatever the reason, apologizing can help you both heal and move on from the situation.
_____2_____ First, you acknowledge that you did something wrong. With an apology, you take responsibility for your actions, which allows your friend to forgive you. Second, an apology gives you sincerity as a friend. _____3_____, but that doesn’t mean you still shouldn’t apologize.
Now, what are elements of a proper apology? _____4_____, depending on what the offense was, where it was done, and who you are apologizing to. In general, a good apology should include the following: a request for their attention, an acknowledgment of what happened, sincerity in admitting you did something wrong and the words. “I'm sorry” or “I apologize.”
Here are things never to say when apologizing. Note that the art of apologizing involves taking responsibility. Never apologize as a way to “shut someone up” when they are saying you hurt their feelings and you don’t think you did. _____5_____, you should talk things through with your friend until you see why they are hurt or how you came across. You'll really need to self-reflect so you can see things from your friend’s point of view.
A. When you make your apology in person
B. If you really believe you did nothing wrong
C. Apologies benefit friendships in a variety of ways
D. The way you apologize is going to be slightly different
E. Or maybe you just didn’t show support when you needed to
F. Apologizing the right way, however, may take a little practice
G. Sometimes our pals forgive us easily for the minor things we do wrong

（山东省潍坊市五县市2022届高三联考）
Do you have an important or favorite memory from the past? Perhaps it was clapping for goals. _____1_____ By sharing our memories, we can feel closer to other people and more positive about what we’ve been through.
How does memory work?
Scientists believe there are two levels of memory. One is short-term or working memory, which stays in your brain for only 15-30 seconds. The other level is long-term or permanent memory, which can be stored for days, months or even years.
_____2_____ Motor-skill memories help you remember how to ride a bike; factual memories help you to recognize faces. These types of memories can be short or long term. Emotional memories recall how you felt about something and can be strong and powerful. Remembering the sadness of missing your friends during lockdown, and being happy and excited to see them again afterwards, are emotional memories. _____3_____ Why are memories important?
Memories tell you the story of yourself. Information such as which school you go to and who your friends are is stored inside your brain, ready for when you need it. _____4_____ “If I miss seeing my grandparents, I remember staying with them in Devon. It makes me feel happy, like when I was there.” Heidi, 12, told The Week.
_____5_____ When people think of shared experience, what usually comes to mind is being with close others, such as friends or family, and talking with them. By telling a funny or embarrassing story-perhaps the time the dog stole the Christmas ham-we share feelings of joy or recognition of difficulties overcome, large or small. By sharing similar or not-so-similar experiences, we empathize with and understand one another better.
A. There are many uses for memory.
B. Memories can help you own wellbeing.
C. Shared memories can connect you to others.
D. Time cannot erase his memories of the past.
E. Memories can also help you manage feelings.
F. Or it was seeing rainbow pictures in the windows.
G. They are long term and can sometimes last a lifetime.

2020届广东省江门市高三一模
Getting along with people can be tough. The following are some suggestions that can help you in some way.
Accept human nature. Humans make mistakes. People aren’t always nice. They also have all of the problems that you have in your life. ___1___ This is important to remember when you’re trying to get along with people who are very difficult or seem to be ignoring you; everyone is just doing the best that they can.
___2___ People are all very different: that’s what makes life interesting. And just like people are all different, the world is also very complex. Every situation is different, always. Just because someone doesn’t make the choice that you would make or just because they take a less efficient or smart path to get where they’re going doesn’t make them wrong.
Practice forgiveness. Forgive people when they do make mistakes. Sometimes you just have to stop and give people the benefit of the doubt (to believe someone even though you are not sure whether what the person is saying is true). They might really be sorry or they might really not know that what they did was bad. ___3___
Keep an open mind. Sometimes you have to give people the benefit of the doubt. ___4___ For example, when people invite you to parties, really consider going instead of just brushing the invitation aside because you don’t think they’re serious.
Do something together. ___5___ You can work together on a project for school or work. You can also try a new activity together. These activities will give you more to talk about and lots of chances to interact and get to know each other.
A. Think about what your words really mean.
B. Respect that there are lots of valid choices.
C. Everyone is dealing with their own set of problems.
D. Co-operation is a great way to bond with people and make friends.
E. You have to forgive them so that you can move on to happier feelings.
F. You might think that they hate you but they might be honestly trying to be nice to you.
G. Even when someone’s making you mad, thank them for their suggestions or their effort to

参考答案

山东省临沂市高三4月一模
Life in Death Valley
【答案】1. F 2. E 3. G 4. A 5. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。死亡谷是一个巨大的地方，从加州南部延伸到邻近的内华达州，全长超过225公里。尽管这个地方很美，但它的名字却证明了它的危险性。文章主要介绍了死亡谷的情况，包括极端气候、地势等。
1. 根据后文“It has nearly 1.4 million hectares of desert and mountains that reach more than 3,000 meters into the sky. Death Valley can be dangerously cold during the winter months. Storms in the mountains can cause sudden floods on the floor of the valley.”可知它有近140万公顷的沙漠和高达3000多米的山脉。死亡谷在冬天的几个月里可能是危险的寒冷。山中的暴风雨会使谷底突然发洪水。由此可知，死亡谷是个危险的极端之地。故F选项“死亡谷是一个美丽却危险的极端之地”符合上下文语境，故选F。
2. 根据后文“The extreme heat of Death Valley has once killed people.”可知死亡谷的极端高温曾经造成过人员死亡。由此可知，进入死亡谷的人们如果不小心可能就会死在死亡谷里。故E选项“死亡谷不会原谅那些不小心的人”符合上下文语境，故选E。
3. 根据上文“In other parts of Death Valley, there are lines in the rock. The lines are evidence of the past presence of water.”可知。在死亡谷的其他地方，岩石上也有线条。这些线条是过去存在水的证据。由此可知，线条表明死亡谷过去一直是海洋。故G选项“这个地区数千年来一直深埋在海底”符合上下文语境，故选G。
4. 根据后文“Wildflowers grow very quickly after even a small amount of rain. Several kinds of birds live in Death Valley. Visitors might see the dog-1ike animal called the coyote, or wild bighorn sheep, or other animals like the desert tortoise.”可知即使下一点雨，野花也长得很快。有几种鸟类生活在死亡谷。游客们可能会看到像狗一样的动物——土狼，或野生大角羊，或其他动物，如沙漠龟。由此可知，死亡谷里也有生机。故A选项“这个山谷充满了生机”符合上下文语境，故选A。
5. 根据后文“The sun slowly turns the valley a gold color that deepens to a soft brown, then changes to a dark red. As night comes, the mountains turn a dark purple color, then black.”可知太阳慢慢地把山谷变成了金黄色，然后逐渐加深，变成了柔和的棕色，然后又变成了暗红色。夜幕降临时，群山变成了暗紫色，然后是黑色。由此可知，死亡谷中的景色变化多端。故C选项“这里的景色似乎每分钟都在变化”符合上下文语境，故选C。

辽宁省辽阳市2020届高三一模考试
How Not to Annoy Wild Animals at National Parks
【答案】1. E 2. F 3. C 4. B 5. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章关于如何不惹恼国家公园里的野生动物提出了一些建议。
1. 根据上一句“However, as the number of visitors and wildlife populations increases, humans and animals too often find themselves in close distance.(然而，随着游客数量和野生动物数量的增加，人类和动物经常发现他们自己的距离很近)”可知，此处内容与人类应该知道处理与野生动物的关系有关，选项E“所以，知道如何尊重野生动物并保持安全是很重要的。”符合题意。故选E。
2. 根据上一句“Wild animals can be unpredictable and in national parks and many state parks, they are not contained. (野生动物是不可预测的，在国家公园和许多州立公园里，它们是不受控制的)”以及下一句“Never think that it is safe to approach them.(永远不要认为接近他们是安全的)”可知，此处内容与野生动物会在公园里随处活动有关，选项F“换句话说，它们想去哪儿就去哪儿。”符合题意。故选F。
3. 根据下文“The park service posts these signs to protect you and the wildlife. So, if you see the warning signs, take care.(公园管理局张贴这些标志是为了保护你和野生动物。所以，如果你看到了警告信号，要小心)”可知，此句是本段的小标题，要体现本段的主旨，因此此处内容与国家公园里的警示标志有关，选项C“在国家公园里，到处都有警示标志。”符合题意。故选C。
4. 根据下文“If you’re out hiking and you encounter wildlife, stick your thumb out and hold it out at eye level. If your thumb covers the entire animal, you’re a safe distance away from that animal.(如果你在户外徒步旅行时遇到了野生动物，把你的拇指伸出来，放在与眼睛同高的位置。如果你的拇指覆盖了整个动物，那么你就离那个动物有一段安全的距离)”可知，此处内容与使用拇指判断与动物的距离有关，选项B“你可以遵循“拇指法则”。”符合题意。故选B。
5. 根据下文“Feeding wildlife is a bad idea and you risk getting a bite. Plus people food is not healthy for animals and it makes them learn that people aren’t the threat. This becomes a vicious cycle (恶性循环) that results in people getting too close and getting hurt.(喂养野生动物不是一个好主意，你可能会被咬到。另外，人类的食物对动物是不健康的，这让他们知道人类不是威胁。这就形成了一个恶性循环，导致人们靠得太近而受到伤害)”可知，下文描述了喂养野生动物的坏处，因此此处内容与不要去喂养野生动物有关，选项A“但不要这样做。”符合题意。故选A。

安徽省合肥市高考一模
Apologizing the Right Way to a Friend
【答案】1. E 2. C 3. G 4. D 5. B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。道歉可能是最困难的事情之一，文章介绍了如何以正确地方式向朋友道歉。
1. 根据下文“Whatever the reason, apologizing can help you both heal and move on from the situation.”可知，不管是什么原因，道歉可以帮助你痊愈并从这种情况中继续前进。而实际情况是我们并没有通过道歉来表示出支持。故选E。
2. 根据下文“First, you acknowledge that you did something wrong. With an apology, you take responsibility for your actions, which allows your friend to forgive you.”可知本段在介绍如何道歉使友谊受益。本段主要涉及不同的道歉方式，故选C。
3. 根据下文“but that doesn’t mean you still shouldn't apologize”说明但这并不意味着你不需要道歉。可知有时我们的朋友会轻易地原谅我们做错的小事。故选G。
4. 根据下文“depending on what the offense was, where it was done, and who you are apologizing to.”说明取决于冒犯的内容，进行的地点以及你向谁道歉。可知你道歉的方式会略有不同。故选D。
5. 根据下文“you should talk things through with your friend until you see why they are hurt or how you came across.”可知你应该和你的朋友谈谈，直到你明白为什么他们受伤或你是如何遇到的。如果你真的相信你没有做错任何事，你就应该和朋友交流。故选B。

（山东省潍坊市五县市2022届高三联考）
【答案】1. C 2. E 3. G 4. D 5. B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍记忆是如何工作的以及记忆为什么是重要的。
1. 根据下文提示“By sharing our memories, we can feel closer to other people and more positive about what we've been through.（通过分享我们的记忆，我们可以和其他人更亲近，对我们所经历的更积极）”由此可知，C项“Shared memories can connect you to others.（分享的记忆可以把你和别人联系起来）”切题。该项中的“connect you to others”与下文的“feel closer to other people”相吻合。故选C。
2. 根据下文提示“These types of memories can be short or long term. Emotional memories recall how you felt about something and can be strong and powerful.（这类记忆可以是短期的，也可以是长期的。情感记忆会让你回忆起你对某件事的感觉，这种记忆很强大）”由此可知，该段主要讲的是“记忆也可以帮助你管理情感。Emotional与选项中的feelings一致，所以，E项Memories can also help you manage feelings.（记忆也可以帮助你管理情绪）切题。故选E。
3. 根据上文提示“Remembering the sadness of missing your friends during lockdown, and being happy and excited to see them again afterwards, are emotional memories.（想起禁闭期间想念朋友的悲伤，以及禁闭后再次见到他们的快乐和兴奋，都是情感记忆。）”由此可知，G项“They are long term and can sometimes last a lifetime.（它们是长期的，有时可以持续一生）”切题。该项中的they指代的就是上文中的emotional memories。故选G。
4. 根据上文提示“Memories tell you the story of yourself. Information such as which school you go to and who your friends are is stored inside your brain, ready for when you need it.（回忆告诉你自己的故事。诸如你上的是哪所学校，你的朋友是谁之类的信息都储存在你的大脑里，在你需要的时候随时准备着）”。which school you go to and who your friends are就是对D项中past的举例说明，由此可知，D项“Time cannot erase his memories of the past.（时间无法抹去他对过去的记忆）”切题。故选D。
5. 根据下文提示“By telling a funny or embarrassing story-perhaps the time the dog stole the Christmas ham -we share feelings of joy or recognition of difficulties overcome, large or small. By sharing similar or not-so-similar experiences, we empathize with and（通过讲一个有趣或尴尬的故事——也许是狗偷圣诞火腿的时候——我们分享喜悦的感觉，或者承认克服了大大小小的困难。通过分享相似或不太相似的经历，我们可以更好地相互同情和理解。）”由此可知，分享记忆有助于提升幸福感，B项“Memories can help you own wellbeing.（记忆可以帮助你获得幸福）”切题。

2020届广东省江门市高三一模
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. E 4. F 5. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了与人交往时的建议。
1. 设空句在段中，应起承前启后的作用。根据前文“They also have all of the problems that you have in your life.”可知，每个人都会有自己的问题，因此设空句应呼应前文内容“problems”，且根据后文解释“when you’ re trying to get along with people who are very difficult or seem to be ignoring you(当你努力与那些很难相处或似乎忽视你的人相处时)”可推知设空处应提及被忽略有可能是在别人在花时间解决自己的问题。选项C“Everyone is dealing with their own set of problems.(每个人都在处理自己的问题。)”符合语境分析。故选C项。
2. 设空在段首，应是本段主旨句。根据后文“People are all very different: that’s what makes life interesting. And just like people are all different, the world is also very complex. Every situation is different, always. Just because someone doesn’t make the choice that you would make or just because they take a less efficient or smart path to get where they’re going doesn’t make them wrong.(每个人都是不同的：这就是生活有趣的地方。就像人都是不同的，世界也是非常复杂的。每一种情况总是不同的。仅仅因为某人没有做出你会做出的选择，或者只是因为他们选择了一条效率较低或更聪明的道路去到达他们要去的地方，这并没有什么错。)”可知，本段的主题为其他人和你不一样并没有错。选项B. Respect that there are lots of valid choices.“对他们的各种选择表示尊重”贴合本段标题。故选B项。
3. 设空在段末，应呼应本段主旨句。根据主旨句“Practice forgiveness.”可知，本段在讲述原谅，且结合前文“They might really be sorry or they might really not know that what they did was bad.”可知他们可能真的很抱歉，也可能他们不知道他们所做的是坏事，因此要学会原谅。选项E. You have to forgive them so that you can move on to happier feelings.(你必须原谅他们，这样你才能走向更幸福的感觉。)符合语境，呼应主旨。故选E项。
4. 设空句在段中，应对主旨句进行进一步的解释，根据主旨句“Keep an open mind.(保持心胸开阔)”可知，要心胸开阔，且后文举例“For example, when people invite you to parties, really consider going instead of just brushing the invitation aside because you don’t think they’re serious.(例如，当人们邀请你参加聚会时，要真正地考虑去参加，而不是因为你不认为他们是认真的而把邀请放在一边。)”是在阐述要相信别人是在真诚的对待你。选项F. You might think that they hate you but they might be honestly trying to be nice to you.(你可能认为他们讨厌你，但他们可能是真心想对你好。)与举例内容相呼应，符合语境。故选F项。
5. 设空在主旨句之后，应对主旨句进行进一步解释且出现其原词或同义词。根据主旨句“Do something together.”在讲合作，选项D. Co-operation is a great way to bond with people and make friends.(合作是与人交往和交朋友的好方法。)中co-operation与主旨句中“work together”含义相同，符合语境。故选D项。