人教版新高考英语二轮复习习题训练--七选五题型针对练(四)——段尾句类

题型针对练(四)——段尾句类

Test 1

A good book can be satisfying. If reading is a habit you’d like to get into, there are some ways to develop it.

Realise that reading is enjoyable if you have a good book. If you have a difficult book and you are forcing yourself through it, it will seem like a task. 　1　 

Set time. You should have some time during every day when you’ll read for at least 5 to 10 minutes. 　2　For example, make it a habit to read during breakfast and lunch and even dinner if you eat alone.  

Always carry a book. 　3　When I leave the house, I always make sure to have my car keys and one book at hand. The book stays with me in the car, and I take it into the office and pretty much everywhere I go.  

　4　Find a place in your home where you can sit in a comfortable chair. Do not lie down unless you’re going to sleep. There should be no television or computer near the chair, and no music or noisy family members or roommates. If you don’t have a place like this, create one.  

Reduce the time on television or the Internet. If you really want to read more, try to reduce the time on television or the Internet. This may be difficult for some people. Still, you could use every minute you save from the Internet or television for reading. 　5　 

A.If this happens, give up the book and find another one that you’ll really love.

B.It means you will read no matter how busy you are.

C.Find a quiet place.

D.Go to bookstores.

E.Wherever you go, take a book with you.

F.This could create hours of book reading time.

G.Have some good tea or coffee while you read.

Test 2

(2021·安徽淮南高三第一次模拟)

Do You Waste Food?

How much food do you buy each week? Are you someone who fills your fridge and cupboards with food so that you’ll always have something to eat and never go hungry? 　1　 

Throwing away unwanted food has become a big issue in the developed countries. While some of us throw away unwanted items, people in other parts of world face food shortages and are starving. 　2　 The actual figure is 1.3 billion tons of food, which is enough to feed a billion hungry people.  

You may think supermarkets are mainly to blame for this mountain of food. After all, they do cast stuff that’s past its sell-by-date. They’ve also been criticised for encouraging customers to buy more than they need. 　3　 In Europe an incredible 53% of food waste comes from households, which results in 88 million tons of food waste a year. So instead of filling our bellies, our food is filling up landfill sites. Unfortunately, this causes greenhouse gases which eventually lead to global warming and climate change.  

In Denmark, a woman called Selina Juul has been working hard to tackle this problem. She convinced some supermarkets to stop selling their items in quantity so that people bought only what they needed. She’s set up an education programme in schools. 　4　 

　5　 And when we’re at home we should make the most of the food we have—using recipes that use up our leftovers or even sharing our extra food with our friends and neighbours.  

A.People buy more than they need and throw too much away.

B.Or maybe, you’re efficient with your shopping, only buying what you need.

C.But the biggest contributor to food waste is us.

D.Clearly, we need to think twice when shopping.

E.We simply need to stop throwing away food and enjoy it instead.

F.This has helped create a 25% reduction in food waste.

G.It’s shocking that a third of the world’s food is wasted each year.

Test 3

Learning Through Play

Early childhood education often focuses on learning through play. It meets the physical, intellectual, language and emotional needs of children. 　1　 Thus, children learn more efficiently and gain more knowledge through activities such as dramatic plays, art and social games. 

Learning through play has been seen regularly in practice as the most useful way a child can learn. Researchers suggest children should be given plenty of outdoor exercise or play to keep them physically and emotionally healthy. 　2　 

However, due to the advancement of technology, the art of play has started to disappear and has been transformed into playing through technology. 　3　 If we want to develop a variety of skills, we need a balanced media diet. Each medium has costs and benefits in terms of what skills each develops. Technology is beginning to invade the art of play and a balance needs to be found. 

Many oppose the theory of learning through play because they think children are not gaining new knowledge. 　4　 They are exploring different roles, learning how things work and learning to communicate and work with others. These things cannot be taught by a standard curriculum(课程), but have to be developed through the method of play. 　5　 They have designed their curriculum around that to allow children to have more freedom. Once these basics are learned at a young age, it sets children up for success throughout their schooling and their life. 

A.No media is good for everything.

B.They believe children learn through movement.

C.Many schools understand the importance of play.

D.Some play opportunities will develop specific areas of children’s brain.

E.They believe play allows children to talk and use their imagination.

F.In reality, play is the first way children learn to make sense of the world at a young age.

G.Children’s natural curiosity and imagination naturally produce learning when uncontrolled.

Test 4

(2021·安徽黄山二模)

The Secrets of Successful Listening

“When people talk, listen completely.” Those words of Ernest Hemingway might be a pretty good guiding principle for many managers, as might the saying by Zeno of Citium, a Greek philosopher,“We have two ears and one mouth, so we should listen more than we say.”　1　 

Some firms use a technique known as a “listening circle”. 　2　 In such a circle, only one person can talk about the issues they face at a time and there is no interruption. A study cited in the Harvard Business Review found that employees who had taken part in a listening circle then suffered less social anxiety and had fewer worries about work-related matters than those who had not.  

Listening has been critical to the career of Richard Mullender, who was a negotiator, dealing with everything. He defines listening as “the identification, selection and comprehension of the key words”. 　3　 Plenty of people think that good listening is about nodding your head or keeping eye contact. But that is not really listening, Mr Mullender argues.  

A good listener is always looking for facts, emotions and indications of the speaker’s values. Another important point to bear in mind is that, when you talk, you are not listening. The listener’s focus should be on analysis.

　4　 One approach is to make an assessment of what the other person is telling you and then check it with them. 　5　 The fundamental aim is to build up a relationship so the other person likes you and trusts you, Mr Mullender says.  

A.It is vital to all effective communication.

B.However, a listener needs to speak occasionally.

C.For people like listening to others.

D.That gives the other party a sense that they are being understood.

E.Therefore, a listener shouldn’t just listen.

F.In it participants are encouraged to talk openly and honestly.

G.For people like being listened to.

题型针对练(四)——段尾句类

Test 1

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。阅读是很好的习惯, 文章对于怎么养成阅读的习惯给出了一些建议。

1.A　解析:根据上文的 “If you have a difficult book and you are forcing yourself through it, it will seem like a task.” 可知, 如果你有一本难懂的书, 而且你正强迫自己看完它, 那看起来就像是一项任务。因此A项 “如果这样的话, 不如放弃这本书, 找另外一本你真正喜欢的。” 符合语境。故选A项。

2.B　解析:根据下文的 “For example, make it a habit to read during breakfast and lunch and even dinner if you eat alone.” 可知, 如果你独自一人吃饭, 在早餐、午餐甚至晚餐时都要养成阅读的习惯。因此B项 “这就意味着不管你多么忙, 你都要阅读。” 符合语境。故选B项。

3.E　解析:根据上文的 “Always carry a book.” 可知, 要总是带着一本书, E项 “无论你去哪, 随身带本书。” 是对上文进一步的解释说明。故选E项。

4.C　解析:根据下文的 “Find a place in your home where you can sit in a comfortable chair.” 以及 “There should be no television or computer... and no music or noisy family members or roommates.” 可知, 要找一个安静的地方, C项 “找一个安静的地方。” 概括本段内容。故选C项。

5.F　解析:根据上文的 “Still, you could use every minute you save from the Internet or television for reading.” 可知, 你可以利用在互联网或电视上节省的每一分钟阅读, 因此F项 “这可以创造数小时的读书时间。” 符合语境。故选F项。

Test 2

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。近几年来, 发达国家正面临愈演愈烈的食品浪费现象, 生活在这些国家的人们扔掉大量的食物。与其相反, 还有一些国家的人们面临食物紧缺问题。本文主要介绍了导致食物浪费的原因和减少浪费的办法。

1.B　解析:根据上文的 “How much food do you buy each week? Are you someone who fills your fridge and cupboards with food so that you’ll always have something to eat and  never go hungry?” 可知, 此处问读者每周买多少食物, 列举了一种买很多食物填满冰箱和碗橱的人, 由此可知设空处可能会讲每周买多少食物的另一种情况(或人), 承接上文, 而B项 “或者, 你购物效率很高, 只买你需要的东西。” 符合语境。故选B项。

2.G　解析:根据上文的 “Throwing away unwanted food has become a big issue in the developed countries. While some of us throw away unwanted items, people in other parts of world face food shortages and are starving.” 和下文的 “The actual figure is 1.3 billion tons of food, which is enough to feed a billion hungry people.” 可知, 前一句讲到发达国家食物浪费现象, 后一句讲 “十三亿吨粮食足够养活十亿饥饿人口” 。由此可知, 设空处应该讲 “食物浪费的多少”, 因而G项 “令人震惊的是, 世界上每年有三分之一的食物被浪费了。” 符合语境。故选G项。

3.C　解析:根据下文的 “In Europe an incredible 53% of food waste comes from households, which results in 88 million tons of food waste a year.” 可知, 53%的食物浪费来自家庭, 说明是消费者自己造成了食物浪费, 因此C项 “但造成食物浪费的最大因素是我们。” 符合语境。故选C项。

4.F　解析:根据上文的 “In Denmark, a woman called Selina Juul has been working hard to tackle this problem. She convinced some supermarkets to stop selling their items in quantity so that people bought only what they needed. She’s set up an education programme in schools.” 可知, 这位女士采取措施解决食物浪费问题, 由此可知她设立教育计划也是为了减少食物浪费问题, 因而F项 “这有助于减少25%的食物浪费。” 符合语境。故选F项。

5.D　解析:根据上文内容及下文的 “And when we’re at home we should make the most of the food we have—using recipes that use up our leftovers or even sharing our extra food with our friends and neighbours.” 可知, 在家时应充分利用现有的食物, 用可以把剩余食物用光的食谱, 或者甚至与朋友和邻居分享多余的食物, 由此可知D项 “显然, 我们在购物时要三思而后行。” 符合语境。故选D项。

Test 3

【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。儿童早期教育侧重于寓学于乐, 这种教育方式可以适应孩子身心健康发展的需求。

1.G　解析:根据设空处前后的内容可知, 寓学于乐的教育方式适应孩子身体、智力、语言和情感等方面的需要, 他们通过游戏学到了很多东西。故选G项。

2.E　解析:根据设空处前面一句可知, 研究人员认为孩子们应该多做户外运动或玩游戏以保持身心健康。E项内容用在此处承接上文。

3.A　解析:根据设空处前的一句和设空处后的三句可推知, 作者认为随着科技的发展孩子们接触各种媒体时应该找到一种平衡, 故可推知, 任何一种媒体都有其不足之处。故选A项。

4.F　解析:根据设空处后面的一句可知, 孩子们在游戏中探索不同的角色, 学习事情如何运作, 学习与人交流、合作。这说明事实上游戏是孩子在小时候学习理解这个世界的第一种方式。故选F项。

5.C　解析:设空处后面的一句提到他们设置课程的目的是让孩子们有更多自由, 故可推知, 很多学校都认识到游戏的重要性。故选C项。

Test 4

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种成功倾听的方法。

1.G　解析:根据上文的 “When people talk, listen completely.” 及 “We have two ears and one mouth, so we should listen more than we say.” 可知, 设空处内容与解释要倾听的原因有关, 因而G项 “因为人们喜欢被倾听。” 符合语境。故选G项。

2.F　解析:根据上文的 “Some firms use a technique known as a ‘listening circle’.” 可知, 选项F中的代词it指前一句中a technique known as a “listening circle”, 且此处内容与 “倾听圈” 的技术特点有关, 因而F项 “在这里面参与者被鼓励开诚布公地交谈。” 符合语境。故选F项。

3.A　解析:根据上文的 “He defines listening as ‘the identification, selection and comprehension of the key words’.” 可知, 此处内容与Richard Mullender对倾听做这种定义的原因有关, 因而A项符合此处语境, it指代上文提到的 “识别、选择和理解关键词”。故选A项。

4.B　解析:根据上文的 “The listener’s focus should be on analysis.” 和下文的 “One approach is to make an assessment of what the other person is telling you and then check it with them.” 可知, 此处与上文形成转折关系, 且内容与倾听者要说话发表自己的看法有关, 因而B项符合语境。故选B项。

5.D　解析:根据上文的 “One approach is to make an assessment of what the other person is telling you and then check it with them.” 及下文的 “The fundamental aim is to build up a relationship so the other person likes you and trusts you...” 可知, D项中代词That指前一句提到的做法, 此处内容与讲述倾听者说话会有什么作用有关, 因而D项符合题意。故选D项。