北京市中央民族大学附属中学2021-2022学年高三下学期2月适应性练习英语试题无答案

这是一份北京市中央民族大学附属中学2021-2022学年高三下学期2月适应性练习英语试题无答案，共23页。
中央民大附中 2021—2022 学年第二学期

年级 高三 科目 英语 时长 90 分钟 总分 100 分

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，共 30 分）
第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意， 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选出 最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
I was the fool at school, regarded as a special needs student. I was termed as such.
Over time, I started to believe in my stupidity. I accepted the fact that I was in special needs classes and poured it out as anger and depression. But one activity __1__ this view ofmyself: chess.
I started to play chess with my father after school simply because I wanted to __2__ him at something. My father was a smart man. So, winning in chess against my father would be a __3__ that I had intellectual power. On the small chessboard, I had a chance to overcome my so-called inability. Game after game, one weekend, I finally checkmated my father on a ferry ride, which made me feel __4__ .
Two years later, I joined my school chess team. There came a chance to play against the best players in other states.
My most __5__ game came in the final round. It was actually a match between
a special needs student and a smart soul. My opponent was playing well and kept __6__ while I kept defending to keep my king safe. With little __7__ left, he started to make rapid moves. __8__ he could make the final decision, he ran out of time. Honestly, as his clock flag fell, I jumped up out of my seat and kissed the floor out of excitement. Of course it was not the most sportsmen-like __9__, but I could not control my emotions.
While holding my winner’s cup, I knew I was not __10__. The inferiority complex had melted away, and I realized that underneath our thoughts, each person is a genius.

1. A. changed
2. A. please
3. A. dream
4. A. overjoyed
5. A. terrible
6. A. attacking

B. supported
B. comfort
B. lesson
B. disappointed
B. memorable
B. smiling

C. questioned
C. beat
C. theory
C. puzzled
C. dangerous
C. pausing

D. showed
D. disturb
D. sign
D. interested
D. popular
D. escaping



7. A. patience
8. A. Once
9. A. spirit
10. A. proud

B. time
B. Until
B. thought
B. stupid

C. energy
C. Before
C. comment
C. bright

D. wisdom
D. Unless
D. behavior
D. lazy


第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下列短文， 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当 的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 请在答题卡指 定区域作答。
A
A chubby panda wearing an ice shell, the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics mascot Bing Dwen Dwen has become the breakout star of the Games, __11__ (win) the hearts of athletes, politicians, the media and sports fans across the globe. Bing Dwen Dwen soft toys have become so popular that President Xi Jinping has offered Prince of Monaco Albert II a pair of the mascots as __12__ (gift). On Saturday, the prince __13__ (receive) a figurine of Bing Dwen Dwen at the Great Hall ofthe People in Beijing, and asked __14__ he could have a second one because he has twins, according to a China Central Television report.
B
The first successful organ transplant using a pig's heart to a living human patient has taken place, leading to hopes that one day "xenotransplantation"(异种器官移植) __15__ (become) a game-changer. In a world __16__ many desperately ill people die each day waiting on the organ donor list, technology that enables kidneys and hearts grown from animal sources would be a huge breakthrough. Advances in genetic engineering in the last few years have been pivotal in making this a reality. The gene editing tool CRISPR has made it easier for scientists __17__ (edit) the genes of the pig's heart, making it less likely to express a particular protein that will lead it to be rejected by the human body.



Board in New York City creates the SAT and PSAT tests. Most American students take these tests __19__ applying to college. The organization said it will no longer provide
paper tests for international students in 2023 and, a year later, for American students. The company that produces the SAT said Tuesday the test will move to a computer version in future years. The test also will be one hour __20__(short) and given to students on a computer, the organization said. However, students will still need to take the test at a school or testing center.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节， 38 分）
第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选出最佳选项， 并
在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A





Goals

Introduce new scientific topics, especially those not typically covered in traditional courses in high schools.
Encourage lifelong learning in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.
Develop science reasoning skills and an understanding of the scientific research process.
Prepare students to face challenges of
college, career, and continuing
education.
Develop creativity, build self- confidence, and promote friendship






Program Overview
The YSDE program uses a project-based learning model. Each research team consists of six tenth-grade students, one teacher, and one practicing scientist. Together the team investigates an area of current scientific concern.
The program integrates in- residence experiences with continuing education activities conducted in the students’ and teacher’s school setting. YSDE begins with a five-day residential session in the center where students will learn principles of scientific inquiry. Each research team works with its scientist to plan an approach to its project. Session in residence allows YSDE members to participate in the magnificent outdoor natural laboratory provided by the surrounding national forests. Then the teams return to their home institutions and continue working on research projects throughout the semester.
YSDE concludes with a final session in residence where teams present their research.




Program Features
Physical Environment
YSDE facilities include science laboratories, a computer center, and arts and music studios. The area provides an outstanding natural laboratory for teaching and experimentation. Being separated from the usual disturbances of cities provides a nurturing atmosphere.
Intensive（集中的） , Cooperative Learning
The residential part of YSDE offers near “around-the-clock” learning opportunities in a challenging yet friendly setting. Cooperative learning encourages teamwork and cooperative skills, using science as a common language to allow students to learn from peers, staff, and visiting experts.
Professional Partnerships
YSDE’s relationship with partner organizations helps complete the program. Partner organizations are selected and invited on their interest in developing project-based learning activities for students in high school. YSDE’s partnerships with organizations like the Canaan Valley Institute and the National Radio Astronomy Observatory provide unique access to world-class facilities and human resources.


For more information about YSDE, please visit our website atwww.nysf.com, or write to us at Post Office Box 715, Charleston, WV 15358-352.

21. One ofthe purposes ofYSDE is to ______. A. provide young scientists with assistance B. introduce new university courses
C. promote the mode of science thinking D. encourage education research 22. The YSDE program participants will_____.
A. live in the center throughout the semester
B. spend five days organizing the program

C. do research in the natural environment
D. present research results in their own schools
23. What makes the YSDE program special?
A. Competitive learning atmosphere.
B. Access to various physical activities.
C. Methods of acquiring science language.
D. Support from cooperative organizations.

B
The summer of 2016, the ship MV Treasure sunk, creating an oil spill. Thirteen hundred tons of fuel oil were flowing right in the middle of the African Penguins’ habitat. Soon the oil covered about 20,000 penguins. Without swift help, the seabirds would have no chance for survival. Volunteers were showing up by the thousands and I also took part in what was the largest animal rescue operation ever.
A warehouse was turned into a rescue center near the habitat and hundreds of pools were built to hold about 100 oiled birds each. When walking into the center, I couldn’t believe my ears. I had expected to walk into a chorus of honking and squawking (叫 声). Instead, the center sounded like a library. The penguins were dead silent. My heart ached for the painful birds. Cleaning them all seemed like an impossible task. But we had to carry on like doctors in an emergency room. There was no time for doubt. Cleaning oil offa penguin wasn’t easy. Even with more than 12,500 volunteers, it took a month to bathe all 20,000 birds at the center.
While volunteers were busy bathing the oiled penguins, another crisis was developing. Oil from the spill had started moving north. Tens of thousands of penguins were in the oil’s path. But we already had our hands full with 20,000 recovering birds. If any more birds were oiled, we wouldn’t have enough resources to save them.
One researcher came up with an idea: What if the penguins were temporarily moved out of harm’s way? Experts decided to have a try. Volunteers rounded up the penguins and released them 500 miles away. The hope was that by the time the seabirds swam home, the oil would be gone. The plan worked! Another 20,000 penguins were saved.
The entire penguin rescue took about three months. More than 90% of the oiled penguins were successfully returned to the wild. Looking back on the rescue, I am still amazed by the work of the volunteers. What I could hardly believe was that we

accomplished an impossible task.
24. The African penguins were in danger because of ________.
A. a knock by a ship B. a lack of help
C. a change of habitats D. a spill of oil
25. When walking into the rescue center, the author felt ________.


A. shocked B. hopeless
26. The crisis was ended by ________.
A. stopping the flow ofthe oil
C. asking more volunteers to help

C. ambitious D. inspired

B. cleaning the polluted habitat
D moving the penguins from home

27. The author mainly intends to tell us that ________.


A. unite to make the earth pollution-free
C. the future ofwildlife is in our hands

B. where there is a will there is a way
D. many hands make great work


C
A handshake seems to be a normal gesture. In fact, in the 9th century BC, an ancient site during the ruling of Shalmaneser III clearly shows two figures holding hands. The Iliad, usually dated to the 8th century BC, mentions that two characters "taking each other's hands and expressing their loyalty. "Centuries later, Shakespeare once wrote of two characters-who shook hands and swore to be brothers in the book As You Like It. Shaking hands seems to be an ancient custom whose roots have disappeared in the sands oftime.
Historians who have studied ancient etiquette (礼仪) books note that the modern handshake did not appear until the middle ofthe 19th century, when it was considered a slightly inappropriate gesture that could only be used between friends. But what if Shakespeare had written about handshaking hundreds of years earlier?
According to author Torbjorn Lundmark in his Tales of Hi and Bye: Greeting and Parting Rituals Around the World, the problem comes in differing definitions of the handshake. The early handshakes mentioned above were part of making deals or peace; King Shalmaneser III referred to a rebellion in which he signed a treaty with the King of Babylon. In the Iliad, Diomedes and Glaucus shook hands when they realized they were guest-friends, and Diomedes declared: “Let's not try to kill each other." Shakespeare was similarly referencing settlement of a conflict.
The modern handshake as a form of greeting is harder to trace. As a Dutch sociologist Herman Roodenburg--the chief authority for the history of handshaking--

wrote in a chapter of an anthology called A Cultural History of Gesture, “More than in any other field, that of the study of gesture is one in which the historian has to make the most of only a few clues".
One ofthe earliest clues he cites is a 16th-century German translation ofthe French writer Rabelais's Gargantua and Pantagruel. When one character meets Gargantua, Rabelais writes, “He was greeted by countless hugs and countless good days. "But according to Roodenburg, the 16th-century German translation added references to shaking hands.
A popular saying suggests that Cleland's statements against bowing were actually a wish to go back to a potentially traditional method of greeting in Europe. As the centuries progressed ,handshaking was replaced by more hierarchical (等级的)ways of greeting - like bowing. According to Roodenburg, handshaking survived in a few remote places, like in Dutch towns where some would use the gesture to make peace after disagreements. Around the same time, those who valued equality also made us of handshaking. Then, as the Continent's hierarchy was weakened, handshaking became a common practice among people ofthe same rank, as it is today.
28. Why does the author mention Shakespeare in the first two paragraphs?
A. To prove that the history of handshaking is hard to find.
B. To illustrate that handshaking is a very old custom.
C. To show readers that handshaking is common in fiction.
D. To explain the value of handshaking in communication.
29. What can we learn about handshaking from the passage?
A. The origin of handshaking as a form of greeting is easy to trace.
B. Citizens usually shake hands to show friendliness in Holland.
C. It was used only between friends and to reach an agreement.
D. It is a common practice between people of different social positions.
30. What is the writing purpose of the passage?
A. To explain why handshaking is not as normal as it seems.
B. To compare the differences between handshaking and other gestures.
C. To trace the history ofthe practice of handshaking.
D. To illustrate various uses of handshaking in difference areas.

D
No one knows what the future will look like. New technology and climate change

might make the world more different than we can possibly imagine. So we had better keep an open mind and hope for the best.
We have no idea what the job market will look like in 2050. It is generally agreed that machine learning and robotics will change almost every line of work—from producing yoghurt to teaching yoga. However, there are conflicting views about the nature ofthe change and its urgency. Some believe that within a mere decade or two, billions of people will become economically redundant (多余的). Others maintain that even in the long run automation will keep creating new jobs and greater prosperity for all.
So are we on an edge of a terrifying sudden change, or are such forecasts yet another example of ill-founded Luddite (反机械化和自动化的人) hysteria (歇斯 底里)? It is hard to say. Fears that automation will create massive unemployment go back to the nineteenth century, and so far they have never materialized. Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, for every job lost to a machine at least one new job was created, and the average standard of living has increased dramatically.
Yet there are good reasons to think that this time it is different, and that machine learning will be a real game changer. Humans have two types of abilities—physical and cognitive (认知的). In the past, machines competed with humans mainly in raw physical abilities, while humans still had a great advantage over machines in cognition.
Hence as manual jobs in agriculture and industry were automated, new service jobs emerged that required the kind of cognitive skills only humans possessed: learning, analyzing, communicating and above all understanding human emotions. However, AI is now beginning to outperform humans in more and more of these skills, including in the understanding of human emotions.
We don't know of any third field of activity—beyond the physical and the cognitive—where humans will always maintain a secure advantage. It is crucial to realize that the AI revolution is not just about computers getting faster and smarter. It is fueled by breakthroughs in the life sciences and the social sciences as well. The better we understand the biochemical mechanisms that support human emotions, desires and choices, the better computers can become in analyzing human behavior, predicting human decisions, and replacing human drivers, bankers and lawyers.
In the last few decades, research in neuroscience and behavioral economics allowed scientists to gain a much better understanding of how humans make decisions. It turned out that our choices of everything from food to mates result not from some mysterious free will, but rather from billions of neurons calculating probabilities within a split second. Boasting 'human intuition' (直觉) is actually pattern recognition.

31. The second paragraph tells us about __________.
A. predictions about the role of machine learning in future job market.
B. the speed at which robotics will take the place of human beings.
C. the urgency of creating new jobs with the help of automation.
D. the nature of applying new technology to every line ofwork.
32. The underlined expression of “ill-founded” in Paragraph 3 is in closest meaning to __________.
A. unidentified B. badly-managed C. unproven D. ill-intended
33. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Lack of security might force people to pick up machine learning
B. There is possibility that AI can perform a consulting role as a psychologist.
C. The use of automation will make humans more needed than ever before.
D. A real game changer lies in making computers become faster and smarter.
34. What can be concluded from the passage?
A. AI revolution is similar to the industrial revolution in causing unemployment.
B. It is crucial that human maintain an advantage in the third field of activity.
C. The process of human decision is controlled by free will rather than neurons.
D. The nature of preference at first sight is the result of recognizing patterns.

第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容， 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项， 并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you feel under pressure to be more creative at work? ___35___ Studies have recently found that creativity is now one of the top skills most workplaces are looking for in their employees, as they struggle to differentiate themselves in an increasingly competitive world.
___36___After all, as many employees quietly admit during training workshops: “Not all of us can paint or draw.” The good news is that creativity comes in all sorts of forms. The most common type of creativity is simply allowing our brains the space to imagine different connections, patterns and possibilities. But how can you improve your creativity at work? Here are three approaches:
Get curious. A big part of creativity is curiosity. It helps you to focus your attention as you explore dynamic mental simulations based on personal past experiences, thoughts about the future and exploration of alternative perspectives and scenarios to the present. Use your curiosity to explore why things happen, how they work, what impact they have. ___37___

Be willing to fail.___38___Likewise if organizations wish to cultivate creativity, they need to establish cultures where the risk of failure is accepted as part of the deal. The truth is that if you’re not failing some of the time, you’re not stretching far enough outside of your comfort zone to keep learning and growing.
Cultivate positive emotions. Positive emotions — such as gratitude, compassion, joy, and inspiration — have been found to help you broaden your thinking. ___39___To cultivate more positive emotions at work, you can promote high-quality connections with others, gratitude, kindness, hope, and find ways to make the most ofyour strengths.

A. People can manage their own emotions better.
B. Behind every creative genius are stories of failure.
C. If you’re nodding your head, you’re in good company.
D. Ask questions without fearing that you will appear stupid.
E. We gradually lose our curiosity and rely more on our experience.
F. But do you ever secretly worry that you lack the artistic talent for creativity?
G. Also, they can build your capacity to see more possibilities and think more creatively.

第三部分： 书面表达 （共两节， 32 分）




40. Why are some people against competition?
41. What is not usually admitted by the people who desire to fail?
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and
explain why.
We can discover a new meaning in competition when we believe that one’s self- respect depends on how well one perform in competition.
43. What is your understanding of the meaning of competition? ( about 40 words)

第二节 书面表达（20 分）
你是红星中学高三学生李华， 你的英国好友 Jim 在学习中国诗词，对“故 人西辞黄鹤楼， 烟花三月下扬州” 一句感到不解， 他发来邮件向你咨询。请你给 他回复邮件，内容包括：
1 ．解释诗句；
2 ．介绍国内一处适宜在春季观光旅游的地方。
注意： 1．词数不少于 50；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：黄鹤楼 Yellow Crane Tower
Dear Jim,





Yours,
Li Hua