人教版九年级英语专题复习导学案：句子种类专题

这是一份人教版九年级英语专题复习导学案：句子种类专题，共10页。学案主要包含了单项选择，感叹句，变法，what引导的感叹句，hw引导的感叹句，几个常见的感叹句，感叹句中常见的不可数名词等内容，欢迎下载使用。
用来陈述一件事实或表达说话者看法的句子叫作陈述句,句末用句号表示句子的陈述结束。陈述句分为肯定句和否定句。
2.祈使句 祈使句表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等。主语通常被省略,谓语动词用原形,句末用感叹号或句号。表达请求或劝告时,祈使句句末或句首可以加上please表示委婉的语气。
专项练习—祈使句练习
一、单项选择
1．__________ yur bks and lk at the blackbard.
A. ClsesB. Clse C. ClsingD. T clse
2．－Tm, _______late fr schl again. －Srry, I wn’t.
A. isn’t B. desn’t be C. dn’t be D. nt be
3．—Dn’t cme t schl late next time. —_________.
A. Yes, I d B. N, I can’t C. Srry, I wn’t
4．Jim, _____ lk utside. Lk at the map. A. desn’t B. dn’t C. isn’t
5．______ wake up yur sister, Ben. She needs a gd sleep.
A.Dn’t B.Desn’t C.Aren’t D.Can’t
6． Just_______ here and dn't g anywhere, r yur parents wn't find yu.
A. t stay B. stays C. stay D. staying
7．—Tm , Dn’t talk. _______ what yu are ding. —Srry, Mr. Li.
A.Pay attentin t B.Be careful C.Be patient with D.depend n
8． sleep t late, It’s bad fr yur health.A. DB. Nt C. Dn’tD. please nt
9．______________! We will have an exam next week.
A. Listen up B. Listen t C. Hear D. Hear t
10．“Tm, ____ afraid f speaking in public. Yu are n lnger a small by.”said Mum.
A.nt be B.nt t be C.be nt D.dn’t be
11．—______ drive after drinking. It’s t dangerus(危险的).—OK. I wn’t.
A. NB. Nt C. Dn’t D. Desn't
12．It’s 11 ’clck. Please ________ ur lunch.
A. rderingB. rderC. t rder D. rders
13．— _______ late fr schl again, Tm!— Srry, I prmise I _________.
A. Dn’t, will B. Dn’t be, wn’t C. Dn’t, wn’t
14． sleep in class!A、NB、NtC、Dn’t
15．___ hard and yu’ll succeed sner r later. A. Study B. T study C. Studying D. Studied
3.疑问句：用来表示提问的句子叫作疑问句,句末用问号。疑问句包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句四种。
(1).一般疑问句
(2).特殊疑问句：用特殊疑问词引导的疑问句叫作特殊疑问句。特殊疑问词包括疑问代词、疑问副词和由疑问词构成的疑问短语。
(3).选择疑问句
提出两种或两种以上的情况,要求对方选择一种情况回答的问句叫选择疑问句。选择疑问句中的两种或两种以上的情况用r连接,回答时不能使用yes或n,而要用一个完整的句子或其省略形式。
专项练习—一般疑问句练习
一、单项选择
1．-- ______ yu______ yur hmewrk yet? --Yes, I _____ it just nw.
A. Did; d; finished B. Have; dne; finished C. Have; dne; have finished D. Will; d; finish
2． -____yu ever ____with a grup?-Yes, I have .
A. Have ;study B. Have; studied C. D; study D. study
3．Can yu ck? -N, I_______. A. can B. can’t C. dn’t D. isn’t
4．_______yur mther knw this pretty girl? A. DB. Are C. DesD. Is
5．—_______yur mther gd at cking?---Yes, but my father _____ck well.
A. Des; desn't B. Is; isn't C. D; dn't D. Is; desn't
6．－Excuse me, are yu and Simn in Class 2, Grade 7? － _________.
A. Yes, I’m. B. N, I’m nt. C. Yes, we’re. D. N, we aren’t
7． --____ yur sister a dctr? --N,my cusin _____ in a hspital.
A. Des;wrk B. Is;wrks C. Are;wrk D.D;wrks
8． －_____ Mary with her friends ften _____ sprts after schl?
－Yes, they like t d sprts very much.
A．D, playB．Are; playing C．Des; playsD．Des; play
9． ---___________ yur father play sprts?--- Yes. He ften _________ tennis with his friends.
A. Des; plaies B. Des ; plays C. Is; plaies D. Is; plays
10． she her hmewrk?A. D; desB. Des; d C. D; d D. Des; des
11．-____yu ever ____with a grup? -Yes, I have .
A.Have; study B. Have; studied C.D; study D. Are; study ]
12．— D yu need any help?
— Yes. I want t buy sme nvels. Culd yu please tell me ?
A. where is the nearest library B. where the nearest library is
C. where the nearest bkstre is D. where is the nearest bkstre
13． --- _____ yu _____ t ride a mtrbike ?
--- Yes. But last mnth I sld it and bught a car.
A. Did , use B. Are , used C. D , use D. Have , used
14．--- He didn’t g t the this mrning, did he?
-______. Thugh he was nt feeling very well.
A．N, he didnt.B．Yes, he did. C．N, he did. D．Yes, he didn’t.
15．---__________ he speak English? ---N, he can't. A. Des B. Is C. Can D.D
句型转换
16．I eat dinner in the evening. (就画线部分提问) yu eat dinner?
17．They get hme at 7:30 pm.(改为同义句)。
They get hme at 7:30 the .
18．David can play the guitar. (改成一般疑问句) ____ ___ David ___ ___ the guitar?
19．I can sing and dance. (改成否定句) I ______ sing ________dance.
20．want, jin, art, they, club, t, the (连词成句)______________________________________ .
改写句子
21．Her father desn’t play sprts every day. （改为肯定句）Her father ______ ______ every day.
22．This is my pht.(改为复数形式)______________are ur ______________ .
23．I like bananas. ______________ _______________ like bananas?（改为一般疑问句）
24．It is very interesting. She thinks.（合成一句话） _______ _________ it is very interesting.
25．He has dinner at 6:30 in the evening. （就划线部分提问）
_______________ des he _____________ at 6:30 in the evening?
句型转换 根据要求改写下面句子.
【小题1】She des her hmewrk at hme.(改为否定句)
She ________ _________ her hmewrk at hme.
【小题2】David can play the guitar. (先改成一般疑问句，然后作肯定回答)
? __________________
【小题3】It is 5 kilmeters frm my hme t schl. (就划线部分提问)
_______ ________ ________ ________ frm ________ hme t schl?
【小题4】He gets hme at five in the afternn. (就划线部分提问)
____________ ____________ _____________ he _____________ hme in the afternn?
【小题5】I g t see my mther by bus. (就划线部分提问)
_______ _______yu g t see yur mther?
【小题6】There are n bridges ver the rivers. (改为同义句)
There _________ __________ bridges ver the rivers.
【小题7】I get up at five thirty. (同义句)I get up at _________ __________ __________.
4.反意疑问句
附在陈述句后对陈述内容进行反问的句子叫作反意疑问句也叫附加疑问句。反意疑问句前一部分是陈述句,后一部分是简短问句。陈述部分用逗号结尾,反问部分用问号结尾。
(1)基本用法
基本结构:前肯后否,前否后肯。
Yu have t wear a unifrm at schl, dn’t yu?在学校里你必须穿校服,不是吗?
They weren’t at hme, were they?他们不在家,是吗?
(2)其他特殊用法
1.陈述句中有has / have / had 时,有以下几种情况：
1).若表示 “不得不”， 反意疑问句的谓语用_____ ______ _____进行反问.
例如：They had t leave early , ____________ ?
2).若表示“有”，反意疑问句的谓语用______ _______ _______进行反问。
例如：He has few friends in the new schl, ____________?
3).若句中是has/ have / had +过去分词时，其反意疑问句的谓语用____ _____ ____进行反问。 例如：He has never been t Beijing , __________?
4）陈述句部分有had better d sth，其反意疑问句的谓语只能用_______.
例如：Yu had better stay in bed till tmrrw,_________?
2. 陈述部分是祈使句时，有以下几种情况：
A）肯定祈使句，反意疑问句为_____或______？
例如： Please pen the dr. _______ 或 _______?[来源:学。科。网Z。X。X。K]
B）否定祈使句，反意疑问句为________？
例如：Dn’t frget t pst the letter,_________?
C) 以Let’s开头，表示建议的祈使句，由于句中的主语实际上包括听、说双方，所以其疑问部分为______? 例如： Let’s have a rest,________?
D) 以Let us / me开头，征询意见的祈使句，由于句中的主语实际上仅指对方，所以其疑问部分为________? 例如： Let us g there, _______ ?
3.陈述句是主从复合句时，其反意疑问句应与_____保持一致。若主句主语为I/we,谓语是 think / believe /suppse /imagine 等词时，其反意疑问句应与______保持一致。
试一试：1.He said that he wuld leave here tmrrw ,____________?
2.I dn’t think yu can d these exercises alne , __________ ?
4.陈述部分含有情态动词must时，有以下几种情况：
1.must表示”必须”之意，反意疑问部分的谓语用________
例如：They must cme n time，_____________?
2.must表对现在的推测时，反意疑问部分的谓语应根据情态动词后的__________而定。
例如：He must be gd at English,__________?
5.陈述部分含有need时，有以下几种情况：
1.need是实义动词时，则反意疑问部分的动词应用________
例如：They need t drink sme water,_________?
2.need是情态动词时，则反意疑问部分的动词应用________
例如：She need nt d it again, __________ ?
练习区：
She wrks hard,______?
They watched TV with me yesterday,_____?
They aren’t staying at hme,______?
He will buy a new bike,______?
She is ging t Beijing,______?
Yu’d better g at nce, _____?
I am a clever by,_______?
He dislikes the tw subjects, _____ ?
Let us g t play ftball, ______?
There is little water in the glass, ____?
I dn’t believe yu are right, _____ ?
Let’s g hme, _____ ?
Everything ges well, _____ ?
The man in red must be my friend, _____ ?
These flwers need t be watered,________?
1、He has a lt f wrk t d, _____ _____? 2、Uncle Wang frgt t bring yur bag, ____ ____?
3、Tm wants t get his TV set back, ______ ______?
4、It’s fine tday, ______? 5.This is yur bk, ？
6、They’ll be n duty next Mnday,_____ _____? 7、Tm didn’t watch TV last night, _____ _____?
11.Everything here is gd, ？12.Everybdy knws the answer, ？或 ？
1. Yu tld them Tm wuldn’t cme, ？2. He never said he was a gd student, ？
3. I think yu are right, ?4. I dn’t believe he studies harder, ?
5.I am having an English lessn, _________.
1. Speak luder, __________? 2. Dn’t be late, __________?
3. Let’s g hme,__________? 8、She can swim, __________?
1. There is n air n the mn, __ __ _ ___?
2. He made few mistakes, ___ __ ___ _?
3. Mary can speak little English, __ __ __ __?
5. Yu dislike swimming, __ __ _ __?
6. She is unhappy, __ ___ _ ___?
1. He never watches TV, ___ ____?
2.They have very few friends here, ___ __?
3.There is nthing in it, ___ __?
1. Yu will g t America, ___________?[来源:2. We have ever been t Shanghai, ________?[来
3. He hasn’t dne his hmewrk, _________?4. Yu shuld try yur best, ____________?
5. It wasn’t fine yesterday, ____ ____?
6. It ften rains here, _______ ____?
7. Yu have a headache, ___ _____?
8. I called yu yesterday, ___ ____?
9. It desn’t rain here, ____ __ ?
10. Yu didn’t call me yesterday, ___ ___?
快速记忆表
专项练习—反义疑问句练习
1．Zhu Ming has few English magazines,_____?
A.des he B.desn’t he C.has he D.hasn’t he
2．Cindy culd hardly speak English three years ag, ________?
A. culdn't she? B. culd she C. can she
3． Alice had a wnderful time yesterday,_______?
A. hadn’t she B. wasn’t she C. didn’t she D. wuldn’t she
4．–She didn’t cme t schlyesterday, did she?
–______, thugh she was nt feeling well.
A. N, she didn’t B. Yes, she didn’t C. N, she did D. Yes, she did
5．---He hardly spent any time n his subjects, ________?
---________, s he des badly in his lessns.
A .didn’t he, Yes B. did he, Yes C. didn’t he, N D. did he, N
6．He’s read this bk befre, ?
A. hasn’t he B. desn’t he C. isn’t he D. wasn’t he
7．– Let’s g fr a walk, ______?
-- OK, I’m cming . Dn’t frget t bring yur camera, ______?
A. will yu; will yu B. will yu; shall we C. shall we; shall we D. shall we; will yu
8．Jhn had a shrt walk after lunch, ________？
A. did he B. didn't he C. had he D. hadn't he
9． Nancy hardly rings yu up, ___________?
A. desn’t she B. des she C. desn’t Nancy D. des Nancy
10．---Yur brther ften disagrees with yu, _______ he ?
--- _______. We ften have different pinins.
A.des; Yes B. desn’t ;Yes C. des; N D. desn’t; N
11．Kate’s never late fr schl, ?
A.isn’t sheB.hasn’the C.is sheD.has she
12．--- Liu Ta has never read the bk The Adventure f Tm Sawyer , _________ he?
--- _________. He tld me it's very interesting. He'd like t read it again.
A. is; N, he isn't B. has; Yes, he has C. isn’t; Yes, he is D. hasn’t; N, he hasn't
13．—He’s never late fr schl, ________ ? —N, he isn’t .He is always very early.
A. is he B. isn’t he C. hasn’t he D. has he
14．—There’s little meat left in the fridge, ________? —________. I’ll get sme n my way hme.
A. is there, YesB. isn’t there, Yes C. is there, N D. isn’t there, N
15．—Tm finished his hmewrk, didn’t he? —__________, thugh he was ill yesterday.
A. N, he didn’tB. Yes, he did C. Yes, he desD. N, he desn’t
16．There is little water in the cup, ?
A. is there B. isn’t there C. isn’t it
17． He’s still nt understd by his clse friend althugh he has said srry t him, _________?
A. hasn’t he B. has he C. isn’t he D. is he
18． Yu have never visited the place befre, yu?
A. did B. didn’t C. have D. haven’t
19． Dn't keep pisn in the kitchen, _______?
A. d yu B. shall we C. will yu D. dn't yu
20． There are n museums in ur city, _________?
A. aren’t thereB. are there C. is there D. isn’t there
21．Yur father is playing the pian very well, he? A.is B.isn’t C.des D.desn’t
22．— It’s her birthday tmrrw, ______ ?— Yes, let’s have a surprise party fr her.
A. isn’t itB. isn’t she C. desn’t itD. desn’t she
23．--- He’s never stlen anything befre, _______ he?
--- ________. It’s his third time t be taken t the plice statin.
A. hasn’t; Yes B. has; N C. has; Yes D. is; N
24．— It’s her birthday tmrrw, ______ ?— Yes, let’s have a surprise party fr her.
A. isn’t itB. isn’t sheC. desn’t itD. desn’t she
25．-----Yur father never watched the drama series n TV, __________?
-----_____________________. He thinks theses drama series are bring and dull.
A.des he; Yes, he des. B. des he; N, he desn’t
C. desn’t he ; Yes, he des. D. desn’t he ; N, he desn’t .
26． —Tm is an hnest by, _______ he?—Yes. We trust him all the time.
A. isn’tB. isC. desD. desn’t
27．Gd, yu’ve dne it well! Yu need n mre help frm us, ______.?
A. d yu B. need yuC. dn’t yuD. needn’t yu
28．His father had an imprtant meeting just nw, _______?
A. did he B. had he C. didn't he D. hadn't he
29． -- Yu used t be shrt, didn’t yu?-- _______. I was the shrtest in my class.
A. Yes, I did. B. N, I didn’t.C. Yes, I was. D. N, I wasn’t.
30．The farmer is wrking nw. He’s fed the hrse and the sheep, _____?
A. desn’t he B. isn’t he C. wasn’t he D. hasn’t he
五、感叹句
一、结构： What/ Hw +被感叹的部分+ 主语+ 谓语！
EG:What beautiful flwers they are ! 多美丽的花啊！
二、变法：
一断， 二加 ，三去，四换位。
一断主谓与后面断开，二加表示在断开的两部分中间加what 或hw ,三去very等程度副词，四换位前后两部分对调位置。
三、what引导的感叹句：
1.what + a / an +adj + 单数名词 （+主语+ 谓语）！_______ a clever by he is !
2.what + adj + 复数名词 （+主语+ 谓语）！_______ heavy bxes they are !
3.what + adj + 不可数名词（+主语+ 谓语）！_______ bad weather !
四、hw引导的感叹句：
1.Hw + adj / adv + 主语+ 谓语！_________ hard they are wrking !
2.Hw + adj + a / an + 单数名词（+主语+ 谓语）！Hw tall a by he is !
3.Hw + adj / adv + the + 名词+ 谓语！________ heavily the rain is falling!
五、what 与hw引导的感叹句之间的转换：[来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K]
1.What a beautiful girl she is != ______ beautiful the girl is !
2.Hw delicius the fd is != ______ delicius fd it is !
六、几个常见的感叹句：（what/hw）
1.______ great fun it is ! 2.______ imprtant infrmatin !
3.______ gd news ! 4.______ gd advice / music !
5.______ a heavy rain ! 6.______a strng wind !
七、感叹句中常见的不可数名词：
fd , wrk , weather , fun , music , infrmatin , news , advice .
一、填入适当的词完成下列感叹句。
1).________ difficult hmewrk we had yesterday! 2).________cute dg it is!
3).________ interesting the stry is! 4).________ bad the weather in England is!
5).________ hnest by Tm is ！ 6).________ tasty smell the cake gave ff!
7).________ gd time we had n the beach yesterday! 8).________ exciting news yu've brught us!
9).________cl yur new car is!10).________ scary these tigers are!
二、选择填空。
1. _______ fast the by ran! A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
2. _______ well yu sing but _______ badly he dances!
A. Hw, hw B. What, what C. Hw, what D. What, hw
3. ________ delicius the sup is! I’d like sme mre. A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
4. _______ fls they were! They believed what the man said. A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
5. _______ flish they were! They believed what the man said. A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
6. _______ difficult questins they are! I can’t answer them. A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
7. I miss my friend very much. _______ I want t see her! A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
8. _______ lvely weather we are having these days! A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
9. _______ beautiful yur new dress is! A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
10. _______ interesting wrk it is t teach children! A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an[来
三、所给句子填空，使填空句变为相应的感叹句：
1. The by swam very fast.（同义句）_______ _______ the by swam!
2. The schl trip is very exciting. （同义句）_____ ______ the schl trip is!
3. Hei Lngjiang lks very beautiful in winter. （同义句）
_______ _______ Hei Lngjiang lks in winter![来源:学_科_网]
4. It is a very useful dictinary. （同义句）
_______ _______ _______ dictinary it is!
_______ _______ _______ dictinary is!
5. The students are listening very carefully.
________ ________ the students are listening!
2015年中考英语复习二轮专项练习—感叹句练习
一、单项选择
1．— Lk at the pht I tk in Jinghng, Yunnan Prvince. _______ the Dai peple were having!
— Ww! They were celebrating the Water Festival.
A. What fun B. Hw fun C. What a fun D. Hw a fun
2．— Lk at the pht, Yunnan Prvince. the Dai peple were having!
— Ww! They were celebrating the Water Festival.
A. What fun B. Hw fun C. What a fun D. Hw a fun
3． ______ fine weather it is tday!
A. What a B. Hw a C. What D. Hw
4．---____ enjyable day it is！Shall we g n a picnic? ----Gd idea.
A. Hw B. What C. What a D. What an
5． water it is! A.What a clean B.What clean C.Hw clean D. Hw clean a
6．________ fine weather tday! Why nt g ut fr a walk?
A. HwB. Hw a C. WhatD. What a
7． it was yesterday because f the strm!
A. What a bad weather B. What bad weather
C. Hw bad a weather D. Hw bad weather
8．一Lk! That teacher is explaining smething t her students again and again!
一_______teacher she is!
A. Hw patient B. What patient C. Hw a patient D. What a patient
9． _______ dangerus the animals are！A. What a B. What C. Hw a D. Hw
10．_______ great fun it is t fly in a saln ! A. WhatB. What a C. Hw aD. Hw
11．—I hear they tk ____ active part in the schl sprts meeting.—_____ gd bys they are!
A.a; What a B. an; Hw C. an; What
12． hard Tny is wrking! A. What B. Hw C. What a D. Hw a
13．_______ dangerus the animals are！ A. What a B. What C. Hw a D. Hw
14． _____ day it is! -Let’s g ut and enjy the sunshine.
A. Hw windy B. Hw wet C. What a lvely D. What a rainy
15．—_______ brave Zhang Hua is!—Yes. He helped his neighbur, Mrs. Sun ut f the fire.
A.What a B. Hw a C. Hw D. What
16． ____great prgress yu have made! Yur mther must be satisfied with yu .
A. What a B. What C.Hw a D. Hw.
17．— Lk at the pht I tk in Yunnan Prvince. ______ the Dai peple were having!
— Ww! They were celebrating the Water Festival.
A. What fun B. Hw fun C. What a fun D. Hw a fun
18．_____beautiful the flwers are! A.What B.What a C.Hw D. .Hw a
19．—— Hurry up! It’s time t leave. —— Ok, _______.
A. I’m cming B. I’ll cme C. I cme
20．—______ city Ri de Janeir in Brazil is！—Yes. The 3lst Olympic Games will be held there.
A. Hw livelyB. What busy C. Hw a bigD. What a beautiful
21．--- nice weather it is tday!
--- Yes, shall we g walking in the park this afternn? A .What an B. Hw C. What D. Hw an
22．________ fd yu've cked! A. Hw a nice B. What a nice C. Hw nice D. What nice
23．_______ beautiful huse it is! A．What B．Hw C．What a D Hw a
24．— Lk at the pht I tk in Chiang Mai, Yunnan Prvince. ____ the Dai peple were having!
— Ww! They were celebrating the Water Festival.
A. What fun B. Hw fun C. What a fun D. Hw a fun
25．_______ fine weather it is ! A. Hw B. Hw a C. What D. What a
26．______ hard wrk yu have dne! -It’s ve ry kind f yu t say s.
A．What B．WhC．What aD．Hw a
27． Dn't give up, Tm. Yu haven't realized ______ great prgress yu've made!
A. whatB. what aC. hwD. hw a
28．“ ____________ yu’ve made! But yu shuld still wrk harder,” the teacher said t the by.
A. What great prgress B. Hw a big mistake C. What a big mistake D. Hw great prgress
29．______ terrible wrld it wuld be if there were n electricity !
—That's why we have t save it. A. What aB. Hw aC. WhatD. Hw
30．----_________ great prgress yu’re made ! Cngratulatins !---- Thank yu !
A．What B． What a C．Hw D. Hw 类型
句式结构/否定词
例句
肯定句
基本句子结构:主语+谓语+其他
My cusin is f medium height.我表弟中等身高。
They like sprts very much.他们很喜欢体育运动。
否定句
否定词nt;在be/情态动词/助动词后直接加nt
I’m nt feeling well.我感觉不舒服。
He can’t play the pian.他不会弹钢琴。
They dn’t have a basketball.他们没有篮球。
能构成否定句的其他否定词[来源:学_科_网]
n (=nt a/any)
He has n brthers.=He desn’t have any brthers.他没有兄弟。[来源:学。科。网]
never “绝不;从不”
He has never seen a real shark.他从未见过真的鲨鱼。
little, few“几乎没有”
There are few peple in the village.村里人很少。
n ne/nbdy“没有人”
Nbdy is allwed t make nise here.任何人不准在这里喧哗。
nthing“什么也没有”
There’s nthing like hme.自己的家最好。
neither f...“两者都不”;nne f...“没有任何人,什么都没有 (指三者及三者以上)”
Neither f them speaks English.他们两人都不说英语。
Nne f the students is afraid f difficulties.没有一名学生害怕困难。
hardly“几乎不”,seldm“很少”
He culd hardly believe his eyes.他几乎不敢相信自己的眼睛。
He’s seldm at hme during the day.白天他很少在家。
“太……而不能”
He’s t late t catch the bus.他来得太迟以至于赶不上公共汽车了。
类型
句式结构
例句
D型
肯定句:动词原形 (+宾语) +其他
Turn dwn the music, please.请把音乐调低。
否定句:Dn’t +动词原形 (+宾语) +其他
Dn’t run in the hallway.不要在走廊里跑。
Be型
肯定句:Be +表语+其他
Be quiet in the library!在图书馆里要安静。
否定句:Dn’t + be +表语+其他
Dn’t be late fr schl.上学不可迟到!
Let型
肯定句:Let +宾语+动词原形+其他
Let me shw yu the way.让我来告诉你路。
否定句:①Dn’t+ let...
②Let +宾语+ nt +动词原形+其他
Dn’t let the same things happen again.不要让同样的事情再次发生了。
N型
N +名词或动名词!
N smking!禁止吸烟!
常见形式
例句
以be (am, is, are)动词开头
Are yu gd at math?你擅长数学吗?
以助动词(d, des, did, have, has, had等)开头
Des yur family have a pet?你家里养宠物吗?
以情态动词(will, can, may, must等)开头
Can pandas climb trees?熊猫会爬树吗?
引导词
例词
例句
常用疑问代词
what什么;wh谁;whm谁(wh的宾格);which哪个(些),whse谁的;疑问代词可以提问主语、谓语、表语或定语。
What wuld yu like?你想吃点什么?
Whse is that dictinary?那本字典是谁的?
常用疑问副词
when何时;where何地;hw怎么;why为什么
Hw d yu get t schl?你怎样去上学?
常用疑问短语
what time什么时刻;hw many/much多少;hw ften多久一次;hw sn多久;hw lng多长时间;hw far多远;hw ld多大(年龄);hw big多大
—Hw lng have yu wrked there?
—Fr six years.
——你在那里工作了多长时间?
——六年。
常见形式
例句
一般选择疑问句:一般疑问句+r+被选择的内容?
Des yur sister have lng r shrt hair?你妹妹长着长发还是短发?
特殊选择疑问句:特殊疑问句+ A r B?
What clr d yu like, blue r yellw?你喜欢什么颜色,蓝色还是黄色?
注意事项
例句
疑问部分的主语必须与陈述部分的主语一致;当陈述部分的主语是名词或代词时,疑问部分要用相应的人称代词。
Mr. Brwn usually eats dinner at seven, desn’t he?
布朗先生通常在七点吃晚饭,不是吗?
疑问部分的时态要与陈述部分的时态保持一致。
Jack has finished all his hmewrk, hasn’t he?
杰克已完成他所有的作业了,不是吗?
肯定的回答用“Yes”;否定的回答用“N”。前否后肯的反意疑问句yes译为“不”,n译为“是的”
—Jenny didn’t have a schl trip, did she?
—N, she didn’t.
——詹妮没有去学校旅行,对吗?
——是的。她没有。
用法
例句
当陈述部分含有never/ nthing/nne/n ne/ seldm/hardly/few/little等否定副词时,反意疑问句用肯定形式。
Yur brther never ges t bed befre midnight, des he?你弟弟从未在午夜前睡觉,不是吗?
如果陈述部分含有由否定前缀im-, dis-, un-等构成的否定意义的词,则陈述部分视作肯定形式,反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
The little girl is kind f unhappy, isn’t she?那个小女孩有点不高兴,不是吗?
当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that时,反意疑问句部分的主语用it;主语是these或thse时,反意疑问句部分的主语用they。
That’s an interesting mvie, isn’t it?那是一部很有趣的电影,不是吗?
These are yur sprts shes, aren’t they?这些是你的运动鞋,不是吗?
当陈述部分的主语为指事(物)的不定代词smething, anything, everything等时,疑问部分的主语应用it。
Smething is wrng with yur telephne, isn’t it?你的电话出毛病了,不是吗?
陈述句主语为smebdy, smene, anyne, everybdy, everyne等时,反意疑问句中代词用they或he,但不可用it代替。
Everybdy was excited at the news, weren’t they?所有的人都对这个消息感到很兴奋,不是吗?
当陈述部分是there be结构时,反意疑问句部分用there。
There will be less free time in the future, will there?将来会有更少的空闲时间,不是吗?
陈述部分的谓语
疑问部分
I/主语
aren't I / are I
n,nthing,nbdy,never,few, seldm, hardly,rarely, little等否定含义的词
肯定含义
含有un-,in-.dis-,im-等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，视为肯定含义
否定含义
ught t（肯定的）
shuldn't/ ughtn't +主语
have t+v.(had t+v.)
dn't +主语(didn't +主语)
used t+v.
didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语
had better + v.
hadn't yu
wuld rather + v.
wuldn't +主语
yu'd like t + v.
wuldn't +主语
must
根据实际情况而定
感叹句
be +主语
指示代词或不定代词everything,that,nthing,this
主语用it
并列复合句
谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定
定语从句,宾语从句主从复合句
根据主句的谓语而定
think,believe,expect,suppse,imagine等引导
与宾语从句相对应的从句
everybdy,anyne,smebdy,nbdy,n ne
复数they, 单数he
情态动词dare或need
need/needn't (dare/daren't ) +主语
dare, need 为实义动词
d/dn't +主语
省去主语的祈使句
will/wn't yu？
Let's 开头的祈使句
Shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句
Will yu?
there be
相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词）
否定前缀不能视为否定词
仍用否定形式