人教版新目标英语中考复习同步语法复习8A Units1—2课件

这是一份人教版新目标英语中考复习同步语法复习8A Units1—2课件，共60页。

语法突破---不定代词---精讲精练
不明确指代某个（些）人、某个（些）事物而起名词或形容词作用的代词叫做不定代词。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分。
不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词
Bth her parents are teachers.Either f the twins can play the guitar.Neither f them is allwed t g ut withut permissin.All my family lve Ellen’s shw.Nne f my cusins likes him.Each f yu will get a new ty car.Happy new year t every ne f yu.
1）sme&any2）many与much3）each & every4) either & neither & bth5) few, a few,little,a little6）ther, anther, thers, the thers
2.常用不定代词用法1.普通不定代词
1）sme&any 一些，修饰可数名词/不可数名词sme---肯定句 There are sme girls in the classrm. any ---疑问句、否定句和条件句中 There _____ _______girls in the classrm. 一般疑问句： 注意：sme也可用于疑问句,表示请求、建议、希望得到肯定答复。 —Wuld yu like _______ tea? 你想喝点茶吗？ —Yes，please. 好的。 any表示强调时，也可以用在肯定句中。 Any student can answer this questin.
用sme或any填空。1.May I have ______ water?(请求)2.Why dn’t yu take ______ apples? (建议)3.D yu have _____questins?(疑)4.There isn’t ______ tea left. I’ ll g and make sme fr yu.(否)5.Yu can ask me ______ questin at _____ time. (任何一个)
Keys: 1.sme 2. sme 3. any 4. any 5. any；any
2）many与muchmany修饰可数名词复数much修饰不可数名词，都可以与表示程度的副词s，t，as，hw连用。如：1.There are ___________ mistakes in yur test paper. （许多）2. He never eats __________ fr supper. （太多）3. She has ___________ hmewrk t d. （如此多）
Keys：1. many 2. t much 3. s much
（2）many与much
拓展：区分t many ; t much; much tt many; t much:表示太多 t many 后接可数名词复数形式t much 后接不可数名词much t 后接形容词或副词表示 “太…”
（3）each与every
4）either & neither & bth ⅰ. 用作副词 either意思为 “也”，用于否定句中。 I dn’t like mang, Mary desn’t like it either. neither意思为 “也不”，用于肯定句。 He can’t swim, neither can I.
ⅱ. 用作代词 either f ---两者任何一个都 （谓语动词用单数） neither f--- 两者都不（谓语动词用单数） bth f---两者都（谓语动词用复数） either f 和neither f +名词/代词复数，做主语时，谓语用单数。如： Either f the bks is mine. Neither f us is a musician . Bth f them enjy the rice.
ⅲ.用作连词 either …r… 或者…或者…(两者选其一) （就近原则） neither … nr…既不…也不…(两者都不) （就近原则） bth… and…两者都… （谓语用复数）
____________________ ging t America. _____________________ ging t America. _____________________ ging t America.
Either yu r I am
Neither yu nr I am
Bth yu and I are
1.I e　 　watch TV r play cmputer games n Saturday ’s father _____ watches TV _____ takes a walk after dinner. A. neither; r B. either; r C. nt; nt D. nt; but 3.—Which f the tw T­shirts will yu take? —I'll take ______, ne fr Jim, the ther fr myself. A．either B．neither C．all D．bth4.It is said that _______ f his parents have gne t Beijing. A. all B. every C. bth D. either
Keys：1. either 2. B 3. D 4. C
5） few, a few,little,a little
few/a few peple/apples/sheeplittle/ a little water/bread
1.Dn’t wrry. There is ______ time left. A. a little B. little C. a few2. Yu are s great! ______ peple in the schl can d it. A. A little B. Little C. Few3.There is ______ meat in the fridge, please g ut and buy is nly ______ meat in the fridge, please g ut and buy sme.
Keys：1. A 2. C 3. little 4. a little
5) ther, anther, thers, the thers
1. If yu want t change fr a duble rm yu’ll have t pay _____ ﹩5. A. anther B. ther C. mre D. each2.Tm and Mary have arrived, but         students in yur class aren't here yet.   A. ther   B. thers   C. the ther   D. the thers3. Culd yu give me ____ chance? I'll try my best t finish it. A．ther B．the ther C．anther D．thers
Keys：1. A 2. C 3. C
n ne, nbdy与nne的用法区别
1. n ne与nbdy同义，均只能指人，不能指物；用作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数，且其后一般接表范围的f短语。如：N ne [Nbdy] spke during supper. 吃晚饭时没有人说话。N ne [Nbdy] answered my call fr help. 没有人理会我的呼救。N ne [Nbdy] saw thrugh his disguise. 谁也没有识破他的伪装。N ne [Nbdy] recgnized the stranger in their midst. 没人认出他们当中的陌生人。
2．nne 既可指人也可指物，既可用于可数名词，也可用于不可数名词；其后通常接 f 短语。如： Nne f his strategies wrked. 他的战略无一奏效。 Nne f his friends has seen his huse. 他的朋友中没有任何人见过他的房子。 Nne f the mney has been spent. 这笔钱一点儿也没花。 Nne f the evidence adduced in curt was cnclusive. 在法庭上引证的证据都不确凿。 用作主语时，若指不可数名词，谓语只能用单数，若指可数名词，则谓语可用单数(较正式)也可用复数(用于非正式文体，但更符合惯用法)。如： Nne f the fd was left. 一点食物都没留下。 Nne f the bks is [are] interesting. 没有一本书有趣。
3. nne 往往暗示有一定的范围(这种范围通常就表现在其后的 f 短语上)，而 n ne 或 nbdy 则不暗示这种范围。体会下面的两组对话： A：Did any f yur friends cme t see yu? 你的朋友当中有谁来看过你吗? B：Nne. 一个也没来。 A：Did anyne cme t see yu? 有人来看过你吗? B：N ne [Nbdy]. 谁也没来。
(4) nne 有时暗示一种数量，即指数量上“一个也没有”，而 n ne 或 nbdy 则往往表示一种全面否定，即指“谁都没有”，所以在回答 hw many 或 hw much 的提问时，通常用 nne，而在回答 wh 的提问时，通常用 n ne 或 nbdy。体会： A：Hw many English bks have yu read? 你读过多少本英文书? B：Nne. 一本也没读。 A：Hw much mney did yu give her? 你给了她多少钱? B：Nne. 一分也没给。 A：Wh went t see the film? 谁去看电影了? B：N ne [Nbdy]. 谁也没去。
代词（二）不明确指代某个（些）人、某个（些）事物而起名词或形容词作用的代词叫做不定代词。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分。常见的不定代词如下：
（7）nne与n ne
Nne f these pens wrks/wrk.这些钢笔没有一支能用。—Hw many peple are there in that rm？那个房间里有几个人？—Nne.一个人也没有。N ne（=Nbdy） knws what will happen in the future.没人知道将来会发生什么。—Wh was late tday？今天谁迟到了？—N ne.谁也没有迟到。
(8) 不定代词：ther & its siblings
别的人或物 (剩余的部分）
特指其余的人（剩余的全部）
不定代词：ther、anther、the ther、thers
There is nly ne red apple. Other apples are green.
There is nly ne apple. Culd I have anther ne?
There are tw apples. One is red, the ther is green.
Tw apples are lying n the grund. The thers are in the cask.
There are sme fruits. Sme are grapes. Others are apples.
1. We’ve gt tw huses. One is big, and _____ is small.anther B. ther C. the ther D. thers2. There are many students n the playgrund. Sme are running, _____ are playing ftball.A. anther B. ther C. the ther D. thers
anther + n.(pl) 表意义的延伸 anther day/by
形容词ther & anther 的用法
1. -Yu must cme t dinner with us tnight. -I am srry, I can’t. What abut ____ time?anther B. ther C. the ther D. thers2. -Are there any _____ questins? -N, that’s all.A. anther B. ther C. the ther D. thers
ther, anther, the ther, thers, the thers用法区别
(1) 指复数时，若泛指用 ther(后接复数名词)，若特指用 the ther(后接复数名词)： There are ther ways f ding it. 做这事还有其他的办法。 Where are the ther students? 其他同学在哪里? (2) thers 永远表示复数意义，且其后不能再接名词。其用法大致相当于“ther+复数名词”，同样地 the thers 大致相当于“the ther＋复数名词”： Shw me sme thers. 再拿一些给我看。 He died s that thers might live. 他牺牲了自己使别人能够活下来。 I was tired, and s were the thers. 我累了，其他人也一样。 He is mre careful than the thers. 他比其他人更仔细。 Lei Feng is always ready t help thers.雷锋总是乐于助人。
(3) 与 sme 对比使用时，用 thers(此时与 sme 同义)： Sme say yes, and thers say n. 有人说对，有人说不对。 (4) 表示两者中的一个如何，另一个如何，可用 ther...。如： We have tw daughters. One is a teacher, the ther is a dctr. These shes d nt match; ne is large and the ther is small. 这双鞋不相配，一只大，一只小。 (5) the ther 后接 day, night 等时间名词时，表示“几天前，几天前的一个晚上”等。如： I bught a pair f sprts shes the ther day. 前几天我买了双运动鞋。
（6）anther，既可作形容词，也可作代词，只能用于三个或更多的人或物，泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。Anther后可接单数名词或代词ne; 如：anther banana/anther ne 另anther 后可接“基数词+名词”相当于“基数词+mre+名词”如： They suggested we stay in Shanghai fr anther tw weeks(=tw mre weeks). This pen desn’t wrk , can yu give me anther ne? I dn’t like this ne. Please shw me anther. 我不喜欢这一个，请给我看看另一个。
1.D yu have any ________________questin(s)?2.He has tw daughters. One is a nurse, _______________is a f us like singing and dancing, ________________ g in fr sprts. 4.Tw bys will g t the z, and __________________ will stay at hme. 5.He is very clever. he may be _________________ Edisn.
Keys: 1. ther 2. the ther 3. thers 4. the thers 5. anther
1.There’s n _____ way t d it.A. ther B. the therC. anther2. Sme peple like t rest in their free time. ______ like t travel.A. OtherB. The thersC. OthersD. Anther3. This cake is delicius! Can I have _______ piece, please?A. therB. anther C. thers D. the ther4. Where are ______ bys?A. the ther B. the thers C. thers D. anther5. The supermarket is n _____ side f the street.A. therB. antherC. the therD. thers
2.复合不定代词（单数看待、定语后置）
（1）由sme-和any-构成的复合不定代词，其区别与sme和any的区别基本相同。（2）nbdy，nthing与n ne表示否定意义。（3）复合不定代词常作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Everything ges well.一切顺利。
（4）当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或else必须后置。如：There's nthing interesting in tday's newspaper.今天的报纸上没有有趣的事情。Can yu talk t anyne else？你能和别的人谈谈吗？
用适当的代词填空。（每空一词）1.—What did yur sister buy fr yur mther n Mther's Day？— Nthing .She made a card fr her.2.—When shall we g swimming,this Friday r Saturday?— Either is OK.I'll be free this week.
3.Hurry up，kids!The schl bus is cming.We have little time sprts meeting will be held in September,but nbdy knws the date fr isn't any milk in the fridge.We need t g shpping.
6.My cmputer desn't wrk.There must be smething wrng with Hua is taller than any ther by in his class.8. Bth f the twins are fnd f sprts.
9.I tried tw bkstres fr the bk I wanted, but neither f them had it. 10.(20·龙东改编)When feeling pressure,many students dn't want t sleep r eat anything . 11.(20·青岛改编)In the face f danger,all the firefighters were brave and nne f them gave up.
语法专练( A )1.(20·镇江)—Have yu asked________ abut the case?—N,except D.smebdy
( B )2.(20·上海)Randy wrte tw nvels. ________f them were made int films.I've seen D.Neither
( B )3.(20·南通)—Ww,eighteen pink rses!Fr whm? —________ are fr my mum,and the ther nine are fr my D.Mst
( A )4.(20·沈阳)Chinese fd is s delicius that ________ freigners are learning t ck B.much C.few D.little
( A )5.(20·抚顺、本溪、辽阳)I kncked at the dr but ________ answered.Maybe they went t the cncert. A.nbdy D.anybdy
( C )6.(20·铁岭、葫芦岛)—Bb,when will yu help me d a survey,tday r tmrrw?—________ is OK.I'm free these tw D.Neither
( A )7.(20·滨州)—Where did yu buy that beautiful hat,frm a shp r a supermarket?—________.I am used t shpping D.Nne
( B )8.(20·黄冈)—Amazing! Tm gt the best grade in the test last week.—________ is impssible.He studies really hard nline this D.Smething
( C )9.(20·连云港)I dn't like the style f this T-shirt.Please shw me ________ D.ther
( D )10.(20·凉山)—All the vlunteers were very tired,but ________ f them had a rest.—They were busy helping the D.nne
( B )11.(20·齐齐哈尔改编)—Mum,there aren't ________ eggs in the fridge.We'd better g t the supermarket t buy ________.—OK.Let's ;any B.any;smeC.any;any D.sme;sme
( A )12.(20·天水)—I want t buy________ fr my grandpa t make him happy.—That's a gd specialB.special smethingC.anything specialD.special anything
( A )13.(20·郴州改编)—Dn't play games any mre.There's ________.—OK, useful B.useful nthingC.smething useful D.useful smething
( D )14.(20·甘肃)There's ________ wrng with the engine—it's making strange D.smething
( B )15.(20·安徽)—This time,we must depend n urselves t slve the prblem.—I agree.________ but we urselves can find a way D.Anybdy
( A )16.(20·乐山改编)—Have yu brught ________ with yu?We wn't have time t cme back.—Dn't wrry.All the things we need are here,in this big D.nthing
( D )17.(20·云南)—What wuld yu like,ice cream r apple juice?—________.One fr my sister and the ther fr myself. A.Neither D.Bth
( B )18.(20·扬州)________ hpes fr a sweet hme as it prvides us with warmth and D.Smebdy
( B )19.(20·青海改编)—Why dn't yu find sme wrkers t repair the machines?—Well,________ f them want t d such a lw-paid jb.A.a few D.a little
( C )20.(20·黔东南)There is ________ milk in the fridge,is there?A.few B.a fewC.little D.a little
( A )21.（20·温州）—Can yu play vlleyball r baseball?—________ f them.I'm gd at ball D.Nne
( A )22.（20·咸宁）—What did Chinese President Xi Jinping say during the epidemic(疫情)?—________ is mre imprtant than peple's safety and D.Anything
( A )23.（20·东营）When Anna pened her wallet,she was surprised t find ________.It was empty. A.nthing D.everything
( B )24.（20·恩施改编）—Sally,I have ________exciting t tell yu.We will g back t schl sn.—Great!A.anything D.nthing
( D )25.（20·包头）Sphia waited fr a reply,but ________ D.nne
( C )26.（20·临沂改编）—D yu want tea r cffee?—________ is OK.I really dn't D.Nne
( C )27.（20·泰州）—Wh is at the dr?—A deliveryman(快递员) r ________ wanting t sell his new D.nbdy
( A )28.（20·武汉）—Althugh these were gd students,________ f them had a scre abve 60.—I can't believe it!A.nne B.n neC.sme D.all